Unit 1 Topic 2 The population in developing countries is growing faster讲义（无答案）

Unit 1 The Changing World
Topic 2 The population in developing countries is growing faster.
模块一 思维导图串知识
模块二 知识全梳理
词汇积累
center→ ______________（形容词） India →______________（n./adj） little →______________ （比较级） difficult →______________（名词） nature →______________ （形容词） bad →______________ （比较级） know →______________ （形容词） control →______________ （V-ing） face →______________ （形容词） close →______________（形容词） probable →______________ （副词） society →______________（形容词） luck →______________ （形容词） →______________（副词）
1.词性转换
重点短语
______________在家 ______________不再 ______________迷路 ______________给某人打电话 ______________购物中心 ______________中央公园 ______________百货商店 ______________通过电话交谈 ______________增加了 ______________增加到 ______________执行 ______________发展中国家 ______________发达国家 ______________由于 ______________________生存空间 ______________与此同时 __________________提供某物给某人 ________________提供某物给某人 ______________自然环境 ______________ 采取措施做某事 ______________作为出名 ________________ 在做某事方面起到好的效果 ______________多亏了 ______________处理 ______________被围绕 ______________阻止砍树 ______________________名胜古迹
课本语言点
1.Where have you been 你去了哪儿
have been to sp. 表示“某人曾经去过某地”，已经回来，人在说话地点。
have gone to sp. 表示“某人已经去某地”，强调某人不在说话地点。
【拓展】如果后面跟的是表示地点的副词here, there, home, abroad(国外)等，要省略”to”。
2.I don't want to go there any more. 我再也不想去那儿了。
not... any more=no more 意为“不再”。类似的表达法还有not... any longer=no longer。
3.Because there were too many people. 因为那儿人太多。
too many+可数名词复数，“太多……”；too much+不可数名词，“太多……”。
much too+形容词，“太，非常”.
4.We got lost and couldn't find each other. 我们走散了，找不到彼此。
get/be lost 走失，迷路，相当于lose one's way。lost 为形容词，相当于 missing 或gone。
5.—I really hate going to a place like that. 我真的很讨厌去像那样的地方。
—So do I. 我也是。
So do I.词句为完全倒装句。其含义为“（A如此，）B也如此。”其结构是：so+be/助动词/情态动词+另一个主语。否定结构为：Neither+ be/助动词/情态动词+另一个主语。
【拓展】如果表示赞同，用“so+主语+be/助动词/情态动词”这一结构，意为“……的确如此”，主语与上文指同一人或物。
6.Mr. Brown is such a kind teacher that we all like him. 布朗先生是一位如此善良的老师，我们都喜欢他。
易混词辨析：so 和 such 的区别
so 修饰形容词/副词原级，such 修饰名词，有时两者可以互换。
【拓展】名词前若有much, many, few, little(几乎没有)需用so。
7.It is increasing by 82 million every year. 并且人口正在以每年八千二百万的速度增长。
increase by+倍数/百分数，表示“增加了……倍或百分之……”，increase to+具体数字，表示“增加到了……”。
8.What a large population! 好多的人口啊！
population 集合名词，“人口”“居民”。用法如下：
①形容人口“多少”常用large 和small，而不用many 或few。
②问“……的人口是多少”常用“What's the population of... ”。
③常用“have a population of+数字”表达“有……人口”。
④作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。但若表示人口的百分之几或几分之几，谓语动词则用复数。
9.It has already reached 1.36 billion, and India is second with 1.27 billion.（中国）人口已经达到13.6亿，印度以12.7亿人口位居第二。
(1) reach 达到，增加到(某速度，数量等)；实现；到达；够得着
They are too short to reach the apples on the tree. 他们太矮了够不着树上的苹果。
(2) second 位居第二
India is second with 1.1 billion.= India is has the second largest population with 1.1 billion.
【拓展】 success 名词, successful 形容词, successfully 副词。
10.It shows that the population in developing countries is larger than that in developed countries. 它表明发展中国家人口比发达国家多。
句中的that指代the population.
that指上文中表示物体的可数名词单数或不可数名词。
those指上文中表示物体的可数名词复数。
11.Luckily, our country has carried out some policies to solve the problem. 幸运地是，我们国家已经实施了一些政策来解决这个问题。
（1）luckily adv. 幸运地 → lucky adj.幸运的 → luck n.幸运
（2）carry out 实施，执行
（3）solve the problem 解决问题
12....about one fifth of the people in the world live in China.……世界上大约五分之一的人口居住在中国。
one fifth 五分之一。英语中分数的表达方法：分子为基数词，分母为序数词，先读分子后读分母。分子大于一时，分母用复数，即在词尾加“s”。
英语中分数的表达法口诀：子基母序，子＞1，母加s.
【拓展】四分之一也可说成a quarter; 二分之一说成 a half
13.So far, our government has taken many measures to solve the problem. 到目前为止，我国政府已经采取了许多措施来解决这个问题。
（1）so far “到现在为止”是现在完成时的标志，谓语动词应为“have/has＋动词过去分词”形式。
（2）take measures to do sth. 采取措施做某事
14.There are about 1.36 billion people in China. 中国大约有13.6亿人口。
（1）13.6 billion 13.6亿 billions of 数以亿计的
【拓展】基数词 hundred，thousand，million，billion等前有具体数字时，它们后面不能加-s，也不带of。当这些词不与具体数字连用，而是表示不确定的泛指数时，则不仅要加复数词尾-s, 而且要后接介词 of, 然后才能接名词
语法-现在完成时（II）
现在完成时常搭配的时间副词用法及区别：
already 已经 （多用于肯定陈述句，句中）
yet 尚，还，仍然 （多用于否定句、疑问句，句末）
ever 曾经 （多用于疑问句，句中）
recently 最近 （多用于句末）
never 从不 （多用于否定句，句中）
just 仅仅 （多用于肯定句句中）
before 之前 （一般位于句末）
模块三 小试牛刀
一．单项选择题。
( )1 ---Have you seen the film ______ ---Yes. I saw it 3 years _______.
A. ago; before B. before; ago C. before; before D. ago; ago
( )2. I haven’t seen the film ________. Would you like to go to the movie with me this evening
A. already B. yet C. never D. ever
( )3.—Have you been to West Lake ---Yes. I _______ there last summer.
A. have been B. went C. go D. have gone
( )4. --Look at the clouds. It is going to rain. --______
So it does. B. So does it. C. So it is. D. So is it.
( )5. ______ of the land in this area ______ covered with trees.
A. Three twentieth; are B. Three twenty; is C. Three twentieth; is D. Two third; are
( )6. The little boy ______ his seat to the old lady.
A. lent B. offered C. provided D. took
( )7. The price of the houses has already increased ________ five percent.
A. to B. by C. with D. of
( )8. _______ the heavy snow, so many workers couldn’t go home for the Spring Festival last year.
A. Thanks for B. Thanks to C. Because of D. Because
( )9. __________ the population of your city last year ---It ______ about seven million.
How many is; is B. What was; was C. How much was; was D. What is; is
( )10. The Great Wall in China is known ______ the world.
A. to B. as C. for D. with
( )11. The air in Xiamen is fresher than ______ in Beijing.
A. that B. it C. one D. those
( )12. It’s said that Linda has just come back from Shanghai. Shall we _______
A. call up her B. call her on C. call her up D. call on her
( )13. This exam is more difficult than _______ of last term.
A. that B. this C. those D. it
( )14. ---When are we going to carry _____ the plan ---Next week.
A. on B. out C. off D. back
( )15. China has ______ population of about 1.3 million.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
( )16. ---It ______ that the soldiers have ever camped in the deep forest. ---How brave they were.
A. is say B. told C. is reported D. is told
( )17. My hometown is a city ______ about 500,000 people.
A.from B. to C. with D. has
( )18.The _____ population may be the greatest challenge of the world today.
A. increase B. increased C. increasing D. increases
( )19.—The new policy didn’t _______ well. ---Yes. We still have a long way _______ to improve it.
A. take; go B. take ; to go C. work; to go D. work; go
( )20. ---Which country has the ______ population in the world ---China.
A. most B. largest C. large D. more
二．用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. I had _______ ability as a football player. (nature)
2. I have to work hard. My condition is even _______ than yours. (bad)
3. She _______ had more money but she didn’t spend it. (probable)
4. Tom says he has no _______ in learning math. (difficult)
5. America is a _______ country while Korea is a _______ country. (develop)
三．看图写话
1. small, population, than ______________________________________________________________________
2. never, before ________________________________________________________________________
3. quarter, work _________________________________________________________________________
4. be, twice _________________________________________________________________________
5. provide, education, poor _________________________________________________________________________
四.情景交际题
1. 当你想表达你刚刚住在国外两个月，你可这样说： ______________________________________________
2. 外国人来到中国，看到到处都是人，这样感叹：____________________________________________ in China!
3. 当你想了解2010年俄罗斯人口多少时，可以这样问：___________________________________________？
4. 当你想问Mike哪一个国家拥有最大的人口时，可以这样问：________________________________, Mike？
5. 当你想表达对许多人而言找工作是很困难时，可以这样说：______________________________.
6. 当你想表达福州是一个有七百万人口的大城市时，可以这样说：______________________________________.