Module 4 Planes, ships and trains 导学案（无答案）外研版八年级英语上册

英语导学案
模块单元：八上M4语法：形容词、副词的最高级 日期： 序号：
【学习目标】
1.掌握形容词、副词的最高级构成的规则变化，包括单音节词和部分双音节词（-est）及多音节词和部分双音节词（most）和不规则变化。（重点）
2.能够在句子中正确运用形容词和副词的最高级。（难点）
【学习过程】
I 构成 1.规则变化
单词 构成方法 原级 最高级
单音节词和少数双音节词 在词尾---加est quick fast hard quickest fastest hardest
以不发音的e结尾---直接加st nice close large nicest closest largest
以辅音字母+y结尾---变y为i，再加est happy busy early happiest busiest earliest
以重读闭音节结尾的末尾只有一个辅音字母---双写辅音字母，再加est fit hot thin fittest hottest thinnest
大部分双音节词和多音节词 单词前加most popular expensive dangerous most popular most expensive most dangerous
2.常用的不规则变化的形容词、副词的比较级和最高级
原级 比较级 最高级
多many，much more most
少little less- least
好good，well better best
坏bad，ill，badly worse worst
老old older, elder oldest, eldest
远far farther, further farthest, furthest
II. 形容词和副词的最高级的用法
1. 对于三个或三个以上的人或物进行比较，表示“某人或某物在某个范围内最……”时，用形容词和副词的最高级形式来表达。形容词的最高级前通常要加定冠词the ,副词的最高级前the 可加，也可不加。
1) A+be+the+形容词的最高级+in/of （范围）
He is the tallest boy in his class. 他在班上是最高的。
She is the best student of all. 她是所有学生当中最好的。
【注意】如果是在一定的地域空间内进行比较用in； 如果是在同一类事物的范围内进行比较用of。 用in或of 填空:
Tom is the tallest _____________ his class. Tom is the tallest _____________ all the students.
This apple is the biggest ____________ the five. It is the longest river _______________China.
2) A+do(+the)+副词最高级+in/of （范围）
He runs (the) fastest of the three. 他是三个中跑的最快的。
She is the best singer in China. She sings (the) best in China.
2. one of +the +形容词最高级+可数名词复数+范围
例如：It is one of the longest rivers in China.它是中国最长的河流之一。
3. 比较级的形式表达最高级的含义。
She runs fastest in our class. = She runs faster than any other student in our class.
= She runs faster than the other students in our class.
4. 形容词和副词的比较级、最高级用法的特殊使用情况。
1）“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”。
例如: He is getting taller and taller.他变得越来越高了。
China is becoming more and more beautiful.中国正变得越来越漂亮。
2）the比较级，the比较级，表示越…，就越…
例如: The sooner, the better. 越快越好。
The harder you work, the better grades you’ll get.你工作越努力，你取得的等级就越好。
The faster you run, the less time you’ll use.你跑得越快，你用时就越少。
The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you’ll make.
3）the + 比较级 + of the two (人/物) 表示“两个（人或物）中比较……的那一个”
例如：She is the taller of the two. 她是她们两个中个子较高的那一个。
4）序数词后面常跟最高级形式。
例如：He is the second tallest boy in our class.他是我们班第二高个。
The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.黄河是中国第二长河。
【当堂达标】完成以下相关练习：
1. Which animal is ________________________ (strong), a horse, a elephant or a cow
2. I think that is ___________________________ (boring) movie I have ever seen.
3. They think this story is ___________________________ (funny) of all.
4. He is __________________ student in our class. Nobody is as _____________as him. (tall)
5. My younger sister does _________________________(少) housework in my family.
6. Tom walks __________________________(slow) of all the boys.
7. Of all the students, Lily writes _______________________________ (careful).
8. Most of the students think a lion is much __________________(dangerous)than a bear and it is the _________________(dangerous) animal in the world.
9. He is _________ (bad) at learning maths. He is much ____________(bad) at Chinese and he is the_______________(bad) at English.
10. 在我们班他跳得最高。_____________________________________________________
11. 在这三个人当中，他最胖。__________________________________________________
12. 天津是中国最大的城市之一。__________________________________________________
13. 你慢跑得越多，就会感到越健康。
________ ___________ you go jogging, ____________ ________ you will feel.
潍外中学英语导学案
模块单元： 八上M4 U1 第一课时 日期： 序号：
【学习目标】
1.学会使用表示交通方式的词汇。
2.能够听懂对话，使用形容词、副词的最高级简单谈论交通方式。
3.树立绿色出行、安全出行的意识。
【学习过程】
I. Presentation Talk about ways to go to school..
II. Listening (小听力)
Listen and match the five questions with the answers.
the most modern train in the world the Tokyo underground
the most expensive way to travel around London by ship
the cheapest way to travel around Beijing by taxi
the busiest underground in the world by bus
the cheapest way from England to France the Shanghai airport train
A: What's the___________________________________
B: The ______________________________ is ___________________________.
III. Dialogue (Activity 3)
●Listen and choose the correct answer.
(1) What are they talking about
A. How to take a taxi. B. Ways to go to school. C. Holiday plans.
(2) What's the relationship(关系) between the two people
A. Mum and daughter B. Teacher and student C. Friends
●Listen to Part A and check Yes or No.
Name Facts/ Opinions（事实/观点） Yes No
Betty went to school by taxi today.
Her mum Taking a taxi is the most comfortable, but it’s also the most expensive.
Riding a bike is quite safe.
●Listen to Part B and fill in the blanks.
Name Ways to go to school Facts / Opinions（事实/观点）
Tony by ______________ He lives the ________________ from school.
Lingling walk/ on foot Her home is the _______________ to school.
Daming by _______________ It’s so ______________ and the traffic is heavy.
IV. 1. Read the dialogue and answer the questions.
●Why is Betty late for school
_____________________________________________________________________
●Is going to school by bike the best choice for Betty Why
_____________________________________________________________________
2. Read the dialogue following the E-pen or the computer.
3. Underline the sentences that use superlatives.（划出最高级的句子）
4. Retell the dialogue according to the table.
V. Read and find the phrases.
1)迟到_______________________________ 2)发生什么事_____________________________
3)一起交通事故_______________________ 4) 最舒服的方式__________________________
5) 最贵______________________________ 6) 交通繁忙时段__________________________
7) 怎么样？__________________________ 8) 那是个好选择 __________________________
9) 交通如此堵塞______________________ 10) 坐地铁________________________________
11) 和...一样__________________________ 12) 记得做某事____________________________
学以致用 翻译句子
路上出了交通事故，且交通很拥挤。_____________________________________________
或许我应该坐出租车去学校。__________________________________________________
那是最舒服的方式，但也是最贵的。_____________________________________________
那是个不错的选择，但有点危险。_______________________________________________
但我的大部分同学都骑自行车，而且相当安全。____________________________________
托尼怎么去上学？____________________________________________________________
他住的离学校最远，因此他坐地铁去。__________________________________________
她的家离学校最近，因此她步行。_______________________________________________
他也和我一样坐公共汽车去。___________________________________________________
你可以骑自行车去学校，但记着始终要小心。_____________________________________
【当堂达标】
1.Jack is ____________________(careful) students in his class.
2. Of all the students, Tom writes _____________________(fast).
3.Which is _________________(comfortable)way to Beijing, by bus, by train or by plane
4.Of all the cities in China, Shanghai is__________________ (busy).
5.Jim and Linda are both my friends. But my ________________(good) friend is Liz.
VI. Homework
潍外中学英语导学案
模块单元： 八上M4U1 第二课时 日期： 序号：
【学习目标】
1. 能够使用本单元的重点词汇及短语sth happened to sb., except, take the underground进行翻译句子等练习。
2. 能够辨析形容词、副词的最高级的结构及用法，完成相关练习。
3. 能够谈论乘坐不同交通方式出行并且比较其优缺点。
【学习过程】
I. Revision
1. Translate the phrases into English.
1) 迟到______________________________ 2) 发生什么事____________________________
3) 一起交通事故______________________ 4) 最舒服的方式__________________________
5) 最贵______________________________ 6) 交通繁忙时段__________________________
7) 怎么样？_________________________ 8) 那是个好选择 __________________________
9) 交通如此堵塞_____________________ 10) 坐地铁________________________________
11) 和...一样__________________________ 12) 记得做某事__________________________
2. Retell the dialogue according to the table.
II. Language points
1. I was late for school today.我今天上学迟到了。
late adj.“迟到的” adv. “晚（地），迟（地）”；be late for迟到
翻译：开会请不要迟到。_________________________________________________.
翻译：Tony睡得晚，所以起床也晚。
_______________________________________________________________________.
2. What happened 发生什么事了吗？
happen vi.发生；sth happened to sb.某事碰巧发生在某人身上；
某地/某时发生了某事 sth. +happened+地点/时间状语
翻译：你这怎么啦？____________________________________________________________
这个故事发生在2012年。________________________________________________________
Tom发生了一次交通事故。_______________________________________________________
sb. happens/happened to do sth某人碰巧做某事
昨天我碰巧遇到了我的一位老朋友。
I __________ ___________ ___________________an old friend in the street yesterday.
翻译：上周六我在超市里碰巧遇到了语文老师。
____________________________________________________________________.
3. But nobody was late, except me.但是班上除了我之外没人迟到。
prep. “除去，不包括”之义；besides“除…之外，还有”，besides的宾语包括在范围之内
e.g. Everyone goes to the cinema, except Daming. 除去大明，每个人都去看电影。（大明没看）
Everyone went to the park besides Daming. 除了大明以外，其它人也都去看电影了。（大明看了）
I can answer all the questions except the last one.
翻译：_______________________________________________________________________
上周除了大明外，我们也都去了公园。（besides）
翻译：________________________________________________________________________
除了我，其他五位学生都来晚了。(except)
翻译：_______________________________________________________________________
besides “除……外, 另外,还有, 包括”。
_________ English, he has to study German. 除了英语（包括）, 他还要学德语。（学英语）
except for也表示“除……以外”，指对某种基本情况进行具体的细节方面的修正。
The composition is good ____________ ______________ a few spelling mistakes.
这篇作文整体上很好除了几处拼写错误。
4. He lives the farthest from school, so he takes the underground.
他住得离学校最远，所以他坐地铁。far from远离---close to靠近
e.g. His home is far from school.=His home is not close to school.
翻译：这家超市离银行很远。___________________________________________________
翻译：我们学校离七中(No.7 Middle School)很近。______________________________________
take the underground/bus/train/plane/bus…to sp
=go to sp by underground/bus/train/plane/bus (fly to sp)
ride (a bike) to sp=go to sp by bike
drive (a car) to sp=go to sp by car
walk to sp=go to sp on foot
He goes to school by bike. = He _______ ________ ________ ________school.
My father goes to work by car. =My father _____________ ___________ work.
= My father_________ _______ ________ __________ work.
They went to Beijing by plane. =They ____________ ___________Beijing.
They___________ _________ ____________ _________ Beijing.
5. He goes by bus too, the same as me. same adj.“相同的”，反义词different；the same as“和…相同”，be different from“和…不同”
翻译：这对双胞胎看起来一样，但实际上(acturally)并不一样。
______________________________________________________________________________.
【当堂达标】
1.I think travelling by train is the ______________(comfortable) way.
2.It is a good ________________ (choose) to go abroad to learn English.
3.The bus is very _______________ (crowd). Let’s take a taxi to school.
4.---___________ _____________ Betty go to school (贝蒂怎么去上学？)
---____________ _________.(骑自行车)
5.杰克住得离学校最远。
____________________________________________________.
潍外中学英语导学案
模块单元： 八上M4U2 第一课时 日期： 序号：
【学习目标】
在本课学习结束时，我能够：
比较不同的交通方式，如汽车和船、火车、飞机以及长途汽车。
根据关键词复述课文，并发表自己的看法。
在具体语境中，推荐给他人合适的出行方式。
(
Reading skills: pay attention to
the first or the last
sentence of each paragraph; don’t need to read the text word by word.(
关注
首尾句；
无须逐字阅读
)
)【学习过程】
Step1. Lead in
Step2. Reading
I Skimming
1. How many ways are there to travel from London to Amsterdam __________________________
2.What are they __________________________________________________________________
II Careful reading.
Step 1. Read the passage and number the ways of travelling from the most expensive to the least expensive（将下面的几种交通方式，按照价格从最高到最低排列）.
(
Reading skills: find the key words: expensive and cheap; pay attention to the second sentence of each paragraph.(
找到
expensive
和
cheap
，关注每段第二句
)
) a. by coach b. by car and ship c. by plane d.by train
The most expensive
最贵
The least expensive
最便宜
III Read the text paragraph by paragraph.
1. Read Para 1 and fill in the blanks.
Ways of travelling Good points Bad points
Train _____________________ ___________________________
Summary: Travelling by ____________________________, but__________________________.
2. Read Para 2.
Ways of travelling Good points Bad points
Car and ship ___________________________ ___________________________
Summary:______________________________________________________________________
3. Read Para 3.
Ways of travelling Good points Bad points
Coach ___________________________ ___________________________
Summary:______________________________________________________________________
4. Read Para 4.
Ways of travelling Good points Bad points
Plane ___________________________ ___________________________
Summary:______________________________________________________________________
IV1. Read and underline the sentence with comparative degree and superlative degree.
(划出含有比较级和最高级的句子。)
2. Follow the e-pen and read aloud.
3. Retell the passage in groups according to the table above.
(要求：4人一组,每人复述一种交通方式)
【当堂达标】
1. Read and find the phrases (Underline them on the book)
1) 计划旅行___________________________2) 做某事的最好方式_____________________
3) 更贵很多____________________________4) 订你的酒店_________________________
5) 第三个选择__________________________6) 变得拥挤________________________
7) 第二便宜____________________________8) 等候数小时___________________________
9) 在机场_______________________________10) 因为 __________________________
11) 祝你旅途愉快___________________________
2.学以致用 翻译句子
1.旅行的最好方式是什么？（the best way to do sth）
________________________________________________________________________________
2.乘坐火车的旅行比乘坐长途公共汽车更放松。(than)
________________________________________________________________________________
3.你或许会因为恶劣天气在机场等候几个小时。(because of)
________________________________________________________________________________
4.在你预定宾馆前先定好票。(book)
________________________________________________________________________________
5.要记住城区中心的宾馆是很贵的，最好住在城外，乘坐公交车或火车进城。
（It’s better to do sth）
________________________________________________________________________________
6.那是最舒服的方式，但也是最贵的。(the most…)
________________________________________________________________________________
潍外中学英语导学案
模块单元： 八上M4U2 第二课时 日期： 序号：
【学习目标】
1. 能够使用本单元的重点词汇及短语sth happened to sb., except, take the underground进行翻译句子等练习。
2. 能够辨析形容词、副词的最高级的结构及用法，完成相关练习。
3. 能够谈论乘坐不同交通方式出行并且比较其优缺点。
【学习过程】
I. Revision 1. Write down the phrases
1）计划旅行___________________________2) 做某事的最好方式_____________________
3) 更贵很多____________________________4) 订你的酒店_________________________
5) 第三个选择__________________________6) 变得拥挤________________________
7) 第二便宜____________________________8) 等候数小时___________________________
9) 在机场_______________________________10) 因为 __________________________
11) 祝你旅途愉快___________________________
2. Retell the passage in groups according to the table.
II. Important and difficult points
1. I am planning to travel from London to Amsterdam. 我正计划从伦敦去阿姆斯特丹旅行。
1)从...到...______________ 从周一到周五______________ 从北京到上海________________
2) plan计划做某事(动词)_____________制定计划（名词）___________ plan现在分词_______
2. How long does the journey take and what is the best way to travel
这趟旅行大概要花多长时间呢？哪一种方式最好？
1) how long 多长时间，多长（长度）
你在北京待了多长时间？_________ __________ have you stayed in Beijing
how often 多久一次__________ __________ do you visit your grandma Twice a week.
how soon 多久，用在一般将来时中 _______ _______ will you finish the work In half an hour.
2) the best way to do sth 做某事的最好方式
This is a new way ___________________(learn) English.
Summer is the best time ____________________(swim).
Beijing is a good place _________________ (visit).
3）It takes sb. some time to do sth. 翻译：____________________________________________
It takes me ten minutes to walk to school every day._____________________________________
I spend ten minutes walking to school every day.________________________________________
昨天我们花了半小时打扫教室。(2种)
________________________________________=_______________________________________
这些孩子每天花40分钟读报纸(2种)
________________________________________=_______________________________________
4. The more information, the better. 翻译：___________________________________
The+形容词比较级（+主语+谓语），the+形容词比较级（+主语+谓语） 越……,越……
( )The more you smile, the ________ you will feel.
A.happy B.happier C.happyer D.more happily
The _____________ (soon), the _____________ (good).
翻译：The busier he is, the happier he will be. ________________________________________
翻译：你越努力，你就成绩越好。
____________________________________________________
5. However, it will cost as much as going by trains. 翻译：_______________________________
物+cost +人+钱 我花了600元买这辆自行车。
The bike cost me 600 yuan.= I paid 600 yuan for this bike.
=I spent 600 yuan on the book/ (in) buying the book.
他花20元买了这本书。（3种）_____________________________________________________
____________________________________=___________________________________________
他的新电脑花了4000元。（3种）___________________________________________________
_______________________________________=________________________________________
6. It is the fastest and the second cheapest, but you may have to wait for hours at the airport because of bad weather. 这是最快的方式，也是第二便宜的。但是你可能会因为糟糕的天气而在机场等上几个小时。
1) the second cheapest“第二便宜的”，
the+序数词+最高级, 序数词修饰最高级，表达“第几……的”
e.g.它是中国第二高山。It is the second highest mountain in China.
翻译：Lily是我们班第三高的女孩儿。 ___________________________________________.
黄河是中国的第二长河。__________________________________________________________
2) because连词，后接句子；because of短语，后接名词/代词，都表达原因。
He didn’t come because he was ill.
He didn’t come because of his illness.
用because/because of填空
Bill can’t come to school __________________the bad weather.
Bill can’t come to school __________________the weather is too bad.
【当堂达标】
1. （ ）My favourite T-shirt ______ me 150 yuan.
A. uses B. costs C. spends D. pays
2. 我每天到学校大约要花费半个小时。（take…to…）
_______________________________________________________________________
3. 昨天我用了二十分钟到那里。（两个句子）
_______________________________________________________________.
_______________________________________________________________.
4. The ____________(cheap), the _______________(good).
5. 你越仔细，犯的错误就越少。
__________________________________________________________________________
6.（ ）There are a lot of ______________friends.
A. way to make B. ways of make C. ways to make D. way making
初二上英语M4测试题
姓名 分数 等级
短语（20分）
1.迟到 _____________________________ 2.发生什么事_____________________________
3.一起交通事故____________________________4.最舒服的方式______________________ 5.因为 __________________________________ 6.变得拥挤__________________________
7.做某事的最好方式 _______________________8.那是个好选择 _______________________
9.越多信息越好___________________________ 10.坐地铁____________________________
11.祝你旅途愉快___________________________12.记得做某事_________________________
13.计划旅行 _______________________________14.订票______________________________
15.等候______________________________16.在市中心_______________________________ 17.多长时间______________________________18.第二快的方式______________________
19.不要担心 _________________________20.坏天气________________________________
II. 用所给词的适当形式填空（30分）
1. His father is much ____________________ (old) than his uncle.
2. I think July is___________(hot) than any other month in our country. It’s___________(hot) month of the year.
3. In England, it’s very cold in February. It’s the ______________________(bad) month of the year.
4. Spring is the _____________________(good)time to plant trees.
5. Mike is _________________ (tall) than any other student. He is ________________ (tall) student in his class.
6. Who has the ____________________(many) toys, Tony, Betty or Daming
7. Mother gets up ________________________(early) in the family.
8. Going to work by taxi is the __________________________ (comfortable) of all.
9. We should listen to teachers ________________________ (careful).
10. There are many people on the bus every day. It is very _______________________(crowd).
11. The_________________(hard) you work, the _______________(good) grades you will get.
12. ________________(ride) bikes is much more interesting than walking.
13. I think this problem isn’t as ______________(difficult)as that one. I can work it out by myself.
14. Mr. Wang is like a bee. He is one of _______________(busy) teachers in our school.
15. How about__________________ (go) shopping by bike
III.词汇运用20分
Do you like to travel People have many different ways of travelling. Some of them like 1___________(travel) by air. They think speed is everything and planes help them 2___________(save) time. But Jim and his family 3_______________(agree). They think that trains are much 4__________(good) than planes. They are cheaper, safer and5_________________ (comfortable). It’s far 6_______________(enjoy) than a rushed trip by air. Stations are big and there are bookshops, foodshops and stores7_________(sell) kinds of things. If you miss a train, you can always catch another one 8_________ (late). It may be a long journey, but you don’t feel 9_________ (bore). During the trip, you may don’t 10__________ (enjoy) the beautiful scenery outside the window. Also you can talk with other travelers and play cards at the spare time.
IV.句型转换10分
1.They went to the park by underground.(划线提问)
______________ ___________ they _____________ to the park
2. It took him a day to get there. (划线提问)
___________________________________________________
3. Jim is taller than any other boy in his class.（同义句）
Jim is ____________ ____________ ______________ in his class.
4. English is my favourite subject. （同义句）
I ______________ English _______________.
5. The bike cost me 600 yuan. （同义句）
I _______________600 yuan _______________the bike.
V. 汉译英20分
1.旅行的最好方式是什么？（the best way to do sth）
________________________________________________________________________________
2.乘坐火车的旅行比乘坐长途公共汽车更放松。(than)
________________________________________________________________________________
3.你或许会因为恶劣天气在机场等候几个小时。(because of)
________________________________________________________________________________
4.在你预定宾馆前先定好票。(book)
_______________________________________________________________________________
5.要记住城区中心的宾馆是很贵的，最好住在城外，乘坐公交车或火车进城。
（It’s better to do sth）______________________________________________________________
6.那是最舒服的方式，但也是最贵的。(the most…)
________________________________________________________________________________
7.那么骑自行车去怎么样？(what about+ving)
________________________________________________________________________________
8.乘坐火车去深圳是最好的选择。（choice）
________________________________________________________________________________