综合模拟训练(五)
第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A篇
Celebrated educator, author, and motivational speaker Baruti Kafele takes school leaders on a self reflective journey in his latest publication by asking thirty five focused and intentional questions from one fundamental question “Is my school a better school because I lead it？”， which is also the title of the book.
In this book, which is one of best selling self reflection guides, Kafele offers those seeking to improve the quality of instruction in their institutions hard won wisdom on such matters as guaranteeing a first rank culture and climate, confirming emergency preparedness, and much more. The book is centered around three key focus areas as you ask yourself the question: your opinion, your evidence, and your staff's views.
If you're struggling to transform your practice, improve teacher satisfaction, and—most important of all—encourage students to be superior academically, the book will inspire you. An audio (音频) and text summary of this book is available in the ASCD Leadership Summaries for Educators library. Members can get a softcover at a discount.
About the author
Kafele is not only the author of 12 books, but also the former leader of four urban schools. He wins more than 150 educational, professional, and community awards. One example of his great leadership is Newark Tech, which now wins national recognition. It has developed from being a low performing one in need of improvement into one that is regarded as excellent.
Book details
Publication Type
Books; Guides—Non Classroom Use
Product No. 120013
ISBN 978 1 4166 2689 3
Page Count 96
1．What does Kafele's latest book feature
A．Common problems in schools.
B．Three focuses of school leaders.
C．A series of guiding questions.
D．His experience in school management.
2．What is Newark Tech
A．A book. B．A school. C．A publisher. D．An award.
3．What's the purpose of this text
A．To advertise a book.
B．To introduce an author.
C．To give a book review.
D．To provide suggestions.
B篇
The use of social media has been linked to mental health problems in teenagers. But a new study from England argues that the issue may be more complex than experts think.
The new research interviewed 10，000 teenagers, who reported the frequency they used social media. The frequency of more than three times a day was considered “very frequent”. But the researchers, for the first time, went a step further to investigate what kind of websites made the teenagers frequenters. They found that, in both sexes, very frequent visits to social media with negative (负面的) contents were associated with greater mental depression and anxiety.
“Our results suggest social media itself doesn't cause harm, but that frequent use may disrupt (使中断) activities that positively influence mental health such as sleeping and exercising, while increasing exposure of young people to harmful contents，” said Russell Viner, the co author of the UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health.
It's an important discovery. Just last month, research from Canada showed that higher level of the use of social media was linked with increased mental depression in adolescents.
With this study, the problem is put in a better context. It's not necessarily social media that are causing these issues. It's more likely the contents that young people are exposed to and their hindrance (妨碍) of healthy sleep and exercise.
Bob Patton, a lecturer at the University of Surrey, said this means that remedies focusing only on reducing the use of social media to improve mental health might not help. “Finding ways to improve the online contents and promote better sleep and exercise is needed to reduce physical and psychological harm，” said he.
“If healthy lifestyles can be kept, the positive effects of the use of social media, such as encouraging social interactions, can be more supported，”said Ann DeSmet, an assistant professor at the University of Antwerp in Belgium.
4．How does the new research differ from the previous studies
A．By carrying out detailed interviews.
B．By focusing on both girls and boys.
C．By analyzing the social media contents.
D．By studying a larger number of teenagers.
5．What did Russell Viner say about social media
A.It didn't cause any mental problems in teenagers.
B．Its abuse may negatively change the healthy lifestyle.
C．Its harmful contents should be reduced immediately.
D.It encouraged social interactions among adolescents.
6．Which of the following best explains “remedies” underlined in Paragraph 6
A．Measures. B．Effects. C．Experiments. D．Differences.
7．What is the author's purpose of writing the text
A．To prove the harmful effects of social media.
B．To show the proper way to use social media.
C.To present related studies and discoveries.
D．To introduce an important new discovery.
C篇
In life, there are hardships that can change us for the better, or for the worse. How we respond to adversity (逆境) varies from person to person and depends on the circumstances.
There are those who turn their adversity into a power for good—helping others who have suffered from a similar loss. Instead of letting their pain isolate them from others, they rush ahead to help those facing similar situations with hope and love.
In his book The Second Mountain, David Brooks tells the story of Sarah Adkins who went through a horrific tragedy. While she was away on a trip with her mother, her husband died of depression.
It took Sarah years to recover from this tragedy. Eventually, she managed to turn her pain and anger into power to help others. She started a foundation for women who couldn't afford funerals or medical treatment. Although still living with the pain this tragedy caused, she has used it to help others who go through similar hardships. Thankfully, most of us will never face such adversity as Sarah's, but we can all learn from her how to use tragic situations to help others.
Recently, a colleague of mine shared how one of her teen children, diagnosed with a heart condition, felt empowered by taking a medical test that might help others in the future. This is her teenager's way of turning illness into a power for good. She refuses to feel defeated by illness even though she is exhausted by her condition.
When we face hardships, it is up to us not to allow circumstances to take control but to grow from them and help others. This is a choice we must all make. It doesn't mean that we don't feel pain, anger or frustration, but it's finding the courage to reclaim our power and grow from the experience.
8．What does the author advise us to do with the tough life
A．Analyze the hardships.
B．Finish work ahead of time.
C．Design something important.
D．Focus on doing beneficial things.
9．Why is David Brooks's book The Second Mountain mentioned
A．To share a sad story.
B．To warn us of family tragedies.
C．To teach us to care for our family members.
D．To show how to defeat hardships through Sarah's story.
10．What encouraged the author's colleague's child to take a medical test
A．Her belief to live better.
B．Her will to benefit others.
C．Her ignorance of her illness.
D．Her concern about the cost.
11．What is stressed in the text
A．We should face adversity patiently.
B．We should never forget to help others.
C．We should never feel sorry for our defeat.
D．We should admit hardships are good for us.
D篇
One of the biggest dinosaur hunts in decades has begun in Wyoming, the US. An international team of scientists, including paleontologists(people who study fossils) from London's Natural History Museum, are taking part in the dig to look for dinosaur remains in an area known as the Jurassic Mile. It's called this because of the number of fossils from the Jurassic period—which took place between 199 and 145 million years ago—that have already been found there. The expedition (考察) to dig up this land has been called Mission Jurassic.
The Children's Museum of Indianapolis (TCMI) has signed a deal to explore the 2.6 square kilometer site for the next 20 years. That may sound like a long time, but Professor Phil Manning, who is part of the team, said, “There's probably enough dinosaur material here to keep a thousand paleontologists happy for a thousand years.”
Mission Jurassic has already unearthed four sauropods (蜥脚类恐龙). These were plant eating dinosaurs that were among the largest animals ever to wander the Earth. The scientists have also found dinosaur footprints and the remains of plants that dinosaurs would have eaten. However, Phil Manning believes that this only scratches the surface of what could be found.
One exciting area is a rock formation called the Morrison. Dr Susannah Maidment, from the Natural History Museum, says parts of it contain fossils from the likes of stegosaurus, brachiosaurus, brontosaurus and all osaurus. The team is also hoping to discover brand new species of dinosaurs there.
To help them, the paleontologists are using all sorts of methods to determine whether or not something is a dinosaur fossil. One of their more unusual tricks is to lick (舔) it, because the material on dinosaur fossils sticks to your tongue.
12．Why is an area called the Jurassic Mile
A．Jurassic dinosaurs used to live there.
B．There are a large number of dinosaur fossils there.
C．Many fossils from the Jurassic period have been found there.
D．A natural history museum showing fossils of the Jurassic dinosaurs is there.
13．What can we infer from Paragraph 2
A．It actually needs a thousand years to explore the site.
B．20 years are not enough for TCMI to explore the site.
C．It will need a thousand paleontologists to finish exploring the site.
D．There have been so many scientists to explore the site.
14．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 4 refer to
A．The team.
B．The Morrison.
C．The Jurassic Mile.
D．The Natural History Museum.
15．Why do paleontologists lick something to tell whether it is a dinosaur fossil or not
A．They know the taste of dinosaur fossils.
B．Their tongues are more sensitive than instruments.
C．Licking is an effective way to protect dinosaur fossils.
D．The material on dinosaur fossils will be felt differently on the tongues.
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Nature soothes (抚慰) our stressed out souls. We know that nature is the best prescription (药方), and new research suggests we can gain benefits while visiting parks.
__16__ The study published in the International Journal of Environmental Health Research found that spending 20 minutes in a city park can make you happier, regardless of whether you use that time to exercise or not.
“In general, we found park visitors reported an improvement in emotional well being (健康) after the park visit，” the study's lead author and University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) professor Hon K. Yuen said in a statement.“__17__ Instead, we found time spent in the park is related to improved emotional well being.”
For the study, 94 adults visited three city parks in Mountain Brook, Alabama, completing a questionnaire about their subjective well being before and after their visit. __18__ A visit of between 20 and 25 minutes showed the best results, with a roughly 64% increase in the participants' self reported well being, even if they didn't move a great deal in the park. __19__
The study group was truly small, as the study's co author and another UAB professor, Gavin Jenkins, acknowledges. __20__ The challenge cities face is that there is increasing evidence about the value of city parks but we continue to see the decrease of these spaces.
A．Something was used to track their physical activity.
B．You usually visit a small green space in your neighborhood.
C．However, its findings pointed out the importance of city parks.
D．If you want to feel happier, you just need to exercise for 20 minutes in a park.
E．The best part is that you needn't visit a national park or go far out of your way.
F．This means people can benefit from visiting a nearby park, regardless of physical activity.
G．But we didn't find levels of physical activity are linked to improved emotional well being.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
At a family picnic for employees of the company where my father worked, they held a contest for children. I was 13, full of enthusiasm, so I __21__ myself into it.
The host gave each child a cloth handkerchief and told us the winner would be the one who cast it the __22__. The first throwers, took mighty wind ups, but when the cloth left their hands, it __23__ and landed on the ground a few inches in front of them. The crowd roared with __24__. Not until then did I realize it was not meant to __25__ any real skill, but simply for laughs. However, it stimulated my __26__ for thinking outside the box.
It __27__ me to see that the kids threw harder but the handkerchief always caught the air and died. It was obvious that using the same __28__ would not work. Suppose I tied a(n) __29__ inside the handkerchief When they inspected it, I'd be __30__. So I began tying the handkerchief around itself to make it small and __31__ packed together to keep it from unfolding. When I approached the line, people were already laughing, __32__ a big strong looking boy like me casting it just a few inches.
I took a long wind up, and the balled handkerchief __33__ off maybe 60 feet away. The laughing __34__ in collective shock. I had not broken the rules. What I learned from this contest was that, in order to live creatively, you have to __35__ the less used parts of your brain, and not accept stereotypes (刻板印象), slogans and unquestioned ideas.
21．A.admitted B．threw C．trapped D．talked
22．A.farthest B．strongest C．highest D．biggest
23．A.escaped B．wrinkled C．opened D．appeared
24．A.pain B．applause C．laughter D．anger
25．A.demonstrate B．apply C．improve D．learn
26．A.responsibility B．imagination C．demand D．passion
27．A.delighted B．frightened C．amused D．annoyed
28．A.cloth B．technique C．rule D．line
29．A.ant B．rock C．leaf D．shoe
30．A.fined B．disqualified C．dismissed D．banned
31．A.loosely B．randomly C．firmly D．delicately
32．A.anticipating B．enjoying C．stopping D．confirming
33．A.dashed B．jumped C．shot D．rocketed
34．A.died B．roared C．continued D．weakened
35．A.glance through B．tap into C．give up D．go over
[答题区]
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
答案
题号 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35
答案
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The local government of Zibo issued two open letters to all citizens. The government extended its gratitude for the citizens' 36.________ (warm) and hospitality toward visitors coming to enjoy the city's signature barbecue, 37.________ has recently become a hit across the country.
Since early March, Zibo's local barbecue 38.________ (cause) a sensation online. But how did Zibo rise to fame From July 2022 to February 2023, Zibo organized many trips to the city for university students. Despite reaching peak visitation numbers, there was no sense of panic. Instead, several supportive 39.________ (policy) were promptly introduced, such as establishing a “Golden Stove Award”， forming a barbecue association, creating a map of Zibo's barbecue restaurants, 40.________ launching 21 dedicated tourist routes that go beyond just the barbecue.
Zibo's sudden boom in popularity also resulted 41.________ the tourism revival China has experienced. The city aims to restore 42.________ (it) tourist industry and ensure sustainable growth. 43.________ (achieve) this goal, it has created 44.________ welcoming environment with convenient services for young people, particularly university students. The city has also invited students from distinguished universities to visit Zibo for free, 45.________ (signal) its eagerness to attract talented young individuals.
[答题区]
36．____________ 37.____________ 38.____________ 39.____________ 40.____________41．____________ 42.____________ 43.____________ 44.____________ 45.____________
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
为了迎接世界读书日，学校英语社计划以“Reading For Fun”为主题组织一场读书活动，请你写一份英文倡议书。内容包括：
1．活动目的；
2．活动内容；
3．发出倡议。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：World Book Day世界读书日
Dear fellows，
________________________________________________________________________
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________________________________________________________________________
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English Club
April 20
第二节 (满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Joey was so excited that he could hardly wait to get to the store. He walked so fast that his sister Beth had to run. “Do you have to hurry like that？” she puffed. On his way from school he had seen that baseball cap in Rogers' store window. Only a dollar, and this was the last cap! Joey had looked at the cap for a long time. He wanted it more than anything. Every boy at school had one.
Joey thought of his piggy bank, into which he put every coin earned by running errands (差使) for his family and neighbors.
Joey raced home, not stopping for anything. He held the fat iron pig, opened it carefully, and poured out the coins. Ten...twenty...thirty...ninety cents. If only he had one more dime (十分硬币)!
Lost in thought, Joey stared out the window. “What's wrong, Joey？” asked Mother. Joey told about the money and the cap. “If you give me what you have，I'll add a dime，” Mother said, handing him a dollar bill. “I'll have some errands for you tomorrow.”
Joey jumped up. “Oh, thanks, Mom. That's great！” And away went Joey and Beth to the store with the dollar bill in Joey's pocket.
They turned the last corner. Ahead was a group of boys and girls talking heatedly and looking down at the sidewalk.
One of the children was Ronny, a new boy who had been in this town only for a short time. Ronny's father had been sick, so there wasn't much money for extras—like a baseball cap.
“What's the matter？” Beth asked, anxiously.
“It's Ronny，” answered Susan. “He's been working and finally saved up a whole dollar, and now it's lost！”
Joey went over to Ronny.
“We'll all help look. We'll find it！”
“Ronny was going to get that last cap in Rogers' window，” put in Billy.
“I wanted it a lot. I want to join them，” Ronny said slowly.
Suddenly Joey remembered how Ronny had watched the fellows playing baseball, his eyes lighting up eagerly as they shouted and ran.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Joey stared at the ground, thinking hard.________________________________________
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Forcing a smile, Joey showed Beth the empty pocket._____________________________
________________________________________________________________________
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________________________________________________________________________综合模拟训练(三)
第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A篇
[2024·福建省高三诊断性练习]Today's modern travelers are journeying further to explore Europe off the beaten track, and bringing home new skills and experience. Here are 4 ideas for an unusual holiday in Europe.
Volunteer in Transylvania
Transylvania is a top choice for an unusual European city break, with wonderfully preserved medieval (中世纪的) towns and castles that inspired the famous novel Dracula. In addition, you can take your unusual holiday experience even further by volunteering in Eastern Europe's largest bear reserve and working with bears.
Teach skiing in Austria
Austria is one of Europe's top skiing destinations. If you're looking for a more unusual way to spend a winter holiday, why not consider training to be a ski instructor there You'll gain a qualification that is recognized worldwide, and this programme includes a guaranteed paid instructor job at a ski resort (旅游胜地) once you have finished your training.
Go diving in Spain
For a European holiday with a difference, take part in a plastic cleanup project based in Barcelona, help to empty plastic waste in the Mediterranean Sea and make a difference as you travel. This volunteer project combines diving with collecting plastic or other waste from the water, alongside giving you the chance to explore the city.
Explore Tuscany on horseback
Tuscany, one of the best places in Europe to explore on horseback, has witnessed a sharp increase in travelers. There are various activities that combine sightseeing with basic horse riding lessons and you can stay in Renaissance villas (文艺复兴风格的别墅) and farmhouses. You don't need to have any experience for horse riding holidays, and they are a brilliant alternative to your typical guided tour.
1．What does the author suggest doing in Transylvania
A.Helping to care for bears.
B．Finding a job in the castle.
C．Reading the novel Dracula.
D．Visiting its modern buildings.
2．Where can you earn money while traveling
A．Transylvania. B．Tuscany. C．Spain. D．Austria.
3．What do we know about horse riding holidays in Tuscany
A．They suit experienced riders.
B．They are unique to Tuscany.
C．They are growing in popularity.
D．They feature a typical guided tour.
B篇
[2023·全国甲卷，C]I was about 13 when an uncle gave me a copy of Jostein Gaarder's Sophie's World. It was full of ideas that were new to me, so I spent the summer with my head in and out of that book. It spoke to me and brought me into a world of philosophy (哲学).
That love for philosophy lasted until I got to college. Nothing kills the love for philosophy faster than people who think they understand Foucault, Baudrillard, or Confucius better than you — and then try to explain them.
Eric Weiner's The Socrates Express: In Search of Life Lessons from Dead Philosophers reawakened my love for philosophy. It is not an explanation, but an invitation to think and experience philosophy.
Weiner starts each chapter with a scene on a train ride between cities and then frames each philosopher's work in the context (背景) of one thing they can help us do better. The end result is a read in which we learn to wonder like Socrates, see like Thoreau, listen like Schopenhauer, and have no regrets like Nietzsche. This, more than a book about understanding philosophy, is a book about learning to use philosophy to improve a life.
He makes philosophical thought an appealing exercise that improves the quality of our experiences, and he does so with plenty of humor. Weiner enters into conversation with some of the most important philosophers in history, and he becomes part of that crowd in the process by decoding (解读) their messages and adding his own interpretation.
The Socrates Express is a fun, sharp book that draws readers in with its apparent simplicity and gradually pulls them in deeper thoughts on desire, loneliness, and aging. The invitation is clear: Weiner wants you to pick up a coffee or tea and sit down with this book. I encourage you to take his offer. It's worth your time, even if time is something we don't have a lot of.
4．Who opened the door to philosophy for the author
A．Foucault.
B．Eric Weiner.
C．Jostein Gaarder.
D．A college teacher.
5．Why does the author list great philosophers in Paragraph 4
A．To compare Weiner with them.
B．To give examples of great works.
C．To praise their writing skills.
D．To help readers understand Weiner's book.
6.What does the author like about The Socrates Express
A．Its views on history are well presented.
B．Its ideas can be applied to daily life.
C．It includes comments from readers.
D．It leaves an open ending.
7．What does the author think of Weiner's book
A．Objective and plain.
B．Daring and ambitious.
C．Serious and hard to follow.
D．Humorous and straightforward.
C篇
We are a culture drowning in our possessions. We take in more and more, but rarely find an opportunity to get rid of it. As a result, our homes fill up with so much stuff. And because we believe the best solution is to find organizational tools to manage all of it, we seek out bigger containers or more efficient organizational tips and tricks. But simply organizing our stuff must be repeated over and over.
At its heart, organizing is simply rearranging. And though we may find storage solutions today, we are quickly forced to find new ones as early as tomorrow. Additionally, organizing has some other major shortcomings that are rarely considered. For example, it doesn't benefit anyone else. The possessions we rarely use sit on shelves in our basements or garages, even while some of our closest friends desperately need them.
On the other hand, the act of getting rid of stuff from our home accomplishes many purposes. It is not a temporary solution. It is an action of permanence—once an item has been removed, it is removed completely. Whether we resell our possessions, donate them to charity, or give them to a friend, they are immediately put to use by those who need them.
Removing possessions begins to turn back our desire for more as we find freedom and happiness in owning less. And removing ourselves from the all consuming desire to own more creates opportunities for significant life changes to take place.
If you're struggling with how to get rid of stuff, you can first challenge yourself to remove the unneeded things in your home, carry a trash bag from room to room, see how big of a donation pile you can make, and even eliminate debt by selling what you no longer need.
It doesn't matter how you remove them, for it is far better to remove than to always organize.
8．What is the problem with simply organizing stuff
A．Few tools and tricks are available.
B．It needs to be repeated very often.
C．People cannot save money by organizing.
D．Desire to buy more disappears by organizing.
9．How can we remove unnecessary possessions
A．By reselling them to others.
B．By keeping them in trash bags.
C．By storing them in the garage.
D．By piling them on the shelves.
10．What does the underlined word “eliminate” mean in Paragraph 5
A．Get rid of. B. Get over. C．Add to. D．Take charge of.
11．What is the purpose of the text
A．To explain the advantages and disadvantages of organizing things.
B．To inform readers of the ways to get rid of unnecessary possessions.
C．To call for people to remove stuff instead of just organizing.
D．To appeal to people to make donations to those in need.
D篇
[2023·全国乙卷，C]What comes into your mind when you think of British food Probably fish and chips, or a Sunday dinner of meat and two vegetables. But is British food really so uninteresting Even though Britain has a reputation for less than impressive cuisine, it is producing more top class chefs who appear frequently on our television screens and whose recipe books frequently top the best seller lists.
It's thanks to these TV chefs rather than any advertising campaign that Britons are turning away from meat and two veg and ready made meals and becoming more adventurous in their cooking habits. It is recently reported that the number of those sticking to a traditional diet is slowly declining and around half of Britain's consumers would like to change or improve their cooking in some way. There has been a rise in the number of students applying for food courses at UK universities and colleges. It seems that TV programmes have helped change what people think about cooking.
According to a new study from market analysts, 1 in 5 Britons say that watching cookery programmes on TV has encouraged them to try different food. Almost one third say they now use a wider variety of ingredients (配料) than they used to, and just under 1 in 4 say they now buy better quality ingredients than before. One in four adults say that TV chefs have made them much more confident about expanding their cookery knowledge and skills, and young people are also getting more interested in cooking. The UK's obsession (痴迷) with food is reflected through television scheduling. Cookery shows and documentaries about food are broadcast more often than before. With an increasing number of male chefs on TV, it's no longer “uncool” for boys to like cooking.
12．What do people usually think of British food
A．It is simple and plain.
B．It is rich in nutrition.
C．It lacks authentic tastes.
D．It deserves a high reputation.
13．Which best describes cookery programmes on British TV
A．Authoritative. B．Creative. C．Profitable. D．Influential.
14．Which is the percentage of the people using more diverse ingredients now
A．20%. B．24%. C．25%. D．33%.
15．What might the author continue talking about
A．The art of cooking in other countries.
B．Male chefs on TV programmes.
C．Table manners in the UK.
D．Studies of big eaters.
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Can you think of something you can't see but that is essential for life You probably thought of oxygen, but another correct answer would be groundwater. Groundwater is water that has found its way down from the Earth's surface into the cracks and spaces in soil, sand and rock. __16__ As a result, according to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations, it's a vital component of life on the Earth.
Groundwater is an important natural resource. Around 70% of the world's groundwater is used in the production of food, livestock and industrial crops, and roughly a third of the water used in crop irrigation is groundwater. __17__ After all, it ensures water flows to wetlands and streams. Moreover, people living in drier parts depend mainly on groundwater for their water supplies.
__18__ In many areas, it's being extracted faster than nature can restore it. Part of the cause is increases in food production. The FAO says production will rise by 50% by 2050 to meet the demands of a global population predicted to reach 9 billion. Another concern is pollution. Chemical and organic fertilizers used in agriculture can pollute groundwater.
So it's vital to protect groundwater, the FAO says. __19__ “Sustainable groundwater use requires continuous monitoring of water consumption，” it says. “Satellite technologies offer cost effective opportunities for estimating groundwater consumption and extraction levels.”
The World Bank too calls for increased monitoring but says the long term sustainability of groundwater also requires support from influential institutions and legal protection. __20__ In this way, pollution would be stopped.
A．Our natural ecosystems also need groundwater.
B．And it suggests improving the monitoring process.
C．There are many benefits of continuous monitoring.
D．Reliance on groundwater is increasing at a rapid pace.
E．Almost all of the world's liquid freshwater is groundwater.
F．Experts are worried this is threatening human and ecosystem health.
G．It advises building protection zones around groundwater extraction points.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Five years ago, I was a trail ride leader at a holiday farm in Victoria. My favourite horse was a warmblood called Holly, a chestnut mare. Aged seven, she was __21__， sweet natured and well trained; the only __22__ with Holly was her vivid imagination. I was constantly surprised by Holly's ability to be __23__ by rabbits, the wind or even shadows—sometimes her own shadow!
One day, as we headed back from a ride on the beach, Holly and I were __24__ the way over the hilly area. When we got to one particularly long, steep hill, Holly began to twitch (抽动) her ears and step in place. So, when she __25__ to sniff (嗅) and give all the __26__ that she believed the “horse eating monsters” were close, I became a little worried.
At the bottom of the hill as we rounded a corner, Holly __27__ with caution, and so I followed her gaze to the path ahead. There, sunning itself in the middle of the track, was a brown __28__. This time it was my __29__ to get scared; I was on a nervous horse, leading a group of eight inexperienced pre teen riders. Unexpectedly, Holly was firmly __30__， ears forward. With the snake in her sight, she was no longer worried.
I have heard that horses have a better sense of __31__ than dogs. I hadn't seen it __32__ before that moment. __33__， while we waited in reality for just a second or two—but for what felt like a century—the snake awoke and glided calmly off into the bush.
Holly then __34__， leading the horses with caution and care. She had been alert to danger and had been __35__ for the safety of us all. Following in the footsteps of their lead mare, not one of the other horses showed any fear.
21．A.negative B．graceful C．pitiful D．aggressive
22．A.solution B．reaction C．problem D．difficulty
23．A.frightened B．delighted C．touched D．attracted
24．A.chasing B．leading C．following D．pushing
25．A.proceeded B．preferred C．hesitated D．refused
26．A.evidence B．truth C．signals D．symbols
27．A.sped B．rushed C．escaped D．slowed
28．A.rabbit B．horse C．monster D．snake
29．A.turn B．case C．chance D．rule
30．A.sealed B．planted C．fastened D．frozen
31．A.vision B．direction C．smell D．hearing
32．A.proved B．denied C．ignored D．demonstrated
33．A.Unfortunately B．Undoubtedly C．Thankfully D．Instantly
34．A.fell off B．went back C．came out D．stepped forward
35．A.responsible B．regretful C．grateful D．available
[答题区]
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
答案
题号 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35
答案
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
If you have not heard of Yangshi Lei, the 36.________ (honour) name of the Lei family responsible for imperial architecture during the Qing Dynasty, then you have missed an important detail about the Temple of Heaven, the Summer Palace and Yuanmingyuan.
All the above great cultural relics and popular tourist attractions have been included on the UNESCO's World Heritage List, 37.________ surprisingly enough, they were all designed by the Lei family. 38.________ (represent) the great achievements of science and technology in ancient China, their architectural practice covered a wide range of city planning, imperial palaces, gardens, temples, princes' residences and schools.
Yangshi 39.________ (refer) to an architect or architecture in Chinese. Yangshifang, the then government authority similar to the National Architecture Design Institute today, was in charge of site 40.________(select), design and construction of imperial architecture. 41.________(amaze) , eight generations of the Lei family were appointed director of Yangshifang consecutively from 1662 to 1911.
With so many architectural 42.________ (work) on the UNESCO's World Heritage List, the Lei Family is 43.________ unique phenomenon in the architectural history throughout the world. Apart from the grand architecture, China has another treasure left by the Lei family—design drafts. In the National Library of China alone, there 44.________ (be) up to 20，000 architectural design drafts, each of 45.________ plays an important role in the research of the history of the Qing Dynasty and how architecture developed at the time.
[答题区]
36．____________ 37.____________ 38.____________ 39.____________ 40.____________41．____________ 42.____________ 43.____________ 44.____________ 45.____________
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
[2023·北京卷]假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国好友Jim正在策划一次以“绿色北京”为主题的社团活动，他发来邮件询问你的建议。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括：
1．活动形式；
2．活动内容。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim，
________________________________________________________________________
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Yours，
Li Hua
第二节 (满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
[2024·九省联考]Last summer, Hilda worked as a volunteer with dolphin trainers at a sea life park. Her job was to make sure the tanks were free of any items so that the trainers could train the dolphins to fetch specific items. However, one day after cleaning, one of the dolphins, Maya, presented Hilda with a candy wrapper from the tank. When Katherine, the trainer, saw this, she blamed Hilda for her carelessness. Upset but not discouraged by this event, Hilda decided to do some spying on Maya.
The next morning, Hilda arrived at the park early. She put on her scuba gear (水下呼吸器) and jumped into the tank for her usual, underwater sweep. Finding nothing in the tank, she climbed out of the water just in time to see Katherine jumping in on the other side. After what happened yesterday, Hilda knew what she was doing. She watched as Katherine performed her underwater search, but Hilda wasn't surprised when she surfaced empty handed.
During the tank sweeps, Maya had been swimming playfully, but now the dolphin stopped suddenly and swam to the back part of the tank where the filter (过滤) box was located. She stuck her nose down behind the box and then swam away. What was Maya doing back there Hilda wondered. She jumped back into the water and swam over to take a look behind the box, and her question was answered. Hilda then swam across the tank following Maya's path and emerged from the water to find Katherine removing her scuba gear. As Katherine turned around, her mouth dropped open. There was Maya at the edge of the tank with a comb (梳子) in her mouth waiting for her treat.
“Maya! Where did you get that？” demanded Katherine, taking the comb and throwing her a fish. “I know where she got it，” declared Hilda climbing out of the tank with a handful of items still wet from their watery, resting place. “What's all this？” Katherine asked, obviously confused.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
“This is Maya's secret，” Hilda said with a big smile.__________________________
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Now Katherine realized what had been going on._________________________________
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________________________________________________________________________Part Ⅳ 综合模拟训练
综合模拟训练（一）
第一部分 阅读
第一节
A篇
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了黄石海报展览的时间安排以及特色等信息。
1．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据第一段“A first of its kind exhibition that focuses on the history of Yellowstone National Park posters will be on display at the University of Wyoming's Coe Library beginning Tuesday, February 1. （从2月1日星期二开始，怀俄明大学柯伊图书馆将举办一场首次以黄石国家公园历史海报为主题的展览。）”以及第二段“It will be on view through Tuesday, May 31.（展览将持续到5月31日星期二。）”可知，“仙境画报”展览将持续四个月。故选C。
2．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据第四段“We're thrilled to be working with Yellowstone collectors Jack and Susan Davís, and Larry and Thea Lancaster to bring this exhibition to the University of Wyoming as part of year long celebrations recognizing Yellowstone's 150th anniversary （我们很高兴能与黄石收藏者杰克和苏珊·戴维斯以及拉里和西娅·兰开斯特合作，将这次展览带到怀俄明大学，作为纪念黄石公园150周年的为期一年的庆祝活动的一部分）”可知，展览的目的是纪念一个国家公园的周年纪念。故选C。
3．答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据最后一段“This is a unique piece, as posters such as this one were printed on soft paper and very few have survived.（这是一件独特的作品，因为像这样的海报是印在软纸上的，很少有留存下来。）”可知，1904年亨利·韦尔奇设计的海报在世界上很罕见。故选A。
B篇
【语篇解读】 作者经历了申请项目被拒后，找到了更好的研究方向和项目。由此可见，拒绝可能是为你重新设置了方向。
4．答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“My heart raced when I saw the email sender's name”（当我看到邮件发送者的名字时，我的心跳加速了）可以推断，作者一看到发邮件人的名字就感到不安，故A项正确。anxious “焦虑的；担心的”； angry “生气的”；surprised “惊讶的”； settled“舒适自在的”。
5．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“What she proposed didn't seem as exciting as the original project I had applied to, but I was going to give it my all”可知，尽管Devon教授的提议并不如作者最初申请的项目那样令人激动，但作者在和Devon教授谈完之后，还是决定要全力以赴，故D项正确。D选项与文中的“give it my all”是同义转述。
6．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“I found myself working with a robotics professor on techniques”和“In the end, I had a new scientific interest to pursue”可知，作者在和机器人学教授工作之后，有了新的科学兴趣去追求。由此可以推断，这次经历是鼓舞人心的，故B项正确。demanding“费力的，要求高的”；inspiring“鼓舞人心的，激励的，启发灵感的”；misleading“误导的，引入歧途的”；amusing“有乐趣的，好笑的”。
7．答案与解析：C 主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了作者的两段经历。第一段至第三段讲述了作者申请科研项目被拒后，在Mary Devon教授的邀请下，在与机器人学教授一起工作时，发现了新的研究兴趣；第四段讲述了作者在申请研究院的时候，尽管被看似完美的选择拒绝，但也找到了自己喜爱的项目；最后一段作者感慨“有时，我需要抓住提供给我的机会，并充分利用它们”。结合作者的两段经历和感悟可知，C项“拒绝可能是重新定向”最适合作本文的标题。reputation“名誉，名声”；innovation“创新，改革”；resolution“决心，决议”；restriction“限制，约束”。
C篇
【语篇解读】 为了发展业务，ARRIVE Hotels发起了名为“Road to Arrive”的挑战项目。旅行者入住该公司旗下的旅馆越多，享受的住宿折扣就越大，住宿费用就越低。
8．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。根据第一段前三句可知，ARRIVE Hotels的挑战项目的规则是：旅行者的行程越远，入住该公司旗下的旅馆越多，住旅馆的费用就越低。由此可推知，该挑战项目鼓励旅行者多住该公司旗下的旅馆。
9．答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“To participate, guests should send an email to roadtrip@ to enter the road trip challenge after their first stay.”可知，客人在第一次入住ARRIVE Hotels旗下的旅馆之后需要发送电子邮件到指定邮箱，然后才能获准参加这一挑战项目。由此可知，成功参加该挑战的标志是第一次入住该公司旗下的旅馆之后发送的电子邮件。
10．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句中的“The Wilmington Hotel is an adaptive reuse of a historic building”可知，Wilmington Hotel是在一座历史建筑的基础上改建而成的。由此可知，该旅馆利用了一座历史建筑。
11．答案与解析：D 标题概括题。本文主要介绍了ARRIVE Hotels发起的名为“Road to Arrive”的挑战项目。该挑战项目的规则是旅行者的行程越远，入住该公司旗下的旅馆越多，住旅馆的费用就越低。D项是对文章主旨的最佳概括，且与全文的主旨句（第一段第一句）相呼应。
D篇
【语篇解读】 在南非的约翰内斯堡，一些七八十岁的老奶奶坚持练习拳击，以此锻炼身体、延缓衰老。
12．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The advice... they should leave the old way of telling themselves that they are old, and that they should try their best... You need to wake yourself up and show that you are a granny with life”可知，她建议这些老奶奶们多尝试，保持活力。
13．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“When we... they saw my gloves. And then they just tried them on.”可知，起初，一些老奶奶们看到拳击手套，想戴上试一试。由此可推知，她们是出于好奇才开始打拳击的。
14．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“I used to have swollen feet. Since going to the gym, I don't have that problem any more. I never used to have a problem with my legs, because the gym helped me a lot.”可知，她从拳击运动中受益。
15．答案与解析：D 标题概括题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了一群不服老、爱好拳击的老奶奶通过打拳击来锻炼身体、延缓衰老的故事，故D项最适合作文章的标题。
第二节
【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了热气球运动的发展历史。
16．答案与解析：C 上一句提到早期的乘热气球飞行运动虽然令人兴奋，但也存在风险，下一句提到危险并没有让乘热气球飞行者退却。故C项“有时热气球会突然落下，有时会燃烧起来”点明了这种运动的危险，承上启下，符合语境。
17．答案与解析：A 上一句提到两个法国兄弟制作了一个热气球，下一句提到热空气比冷空气轻，所以热气球上升了。故A项“他们在一个非常大的纸袋里装满了热空气”承上启下，符合语境。
18．答案与解析：G 根据下一句中的They built a fire可知，空处继续介绍热气球运动的发展历史，且空处应该提到表示人的复数名词。故G项“同年晚些时候，另外两名法国人在热气球下的篮子里升空了”引出下文，符合语境。
19．答案与解析：E 上一句提到由于热气球继续下落，他们几乎扔掉了篮子里所有的东西，甚至他们的一些衣服。故E项“最后，大约三个小时后，他们降落在法国，虽然寒冷但却安全”承接上文，符合语境。
20．答案与解析：B 上一句提到如今仍然有许多人喜欢乘坐热气球升空，下一句进一步解释了人们喜欢乘坐热气球的原因。故B项“在高空置身热气球篮中，他们找到了安宁”解释了人们喜欢乘坐热气球的原因之一，承上启下，符合语境。
第二部分 语言运用
第一节
【语篇解读】 文章主要写了一个叫殷玉珍的人如何通过种树来改善沙漠环境，并取得了巨大的成就。
21．答案与解析：C 根据下文讲述的事迹并结合常识可知，此处在讲述这样一个道理：只要努力、有决心，任何人都可以实现（achieve）伟大的事业。故选C项。
22．答案与解析：A 根据空前的“At a young age, Yin moved to Inner Mongolia to live with her husband in the desert”和常识可知，一个年轻姑娘孤身前往内蒙古和丈夫在沙漠生活，可能会感到孤独（lonely）。本题也可以根据空后的“To cheer herself up”去作推断。
23．答案与解析：D 根据最后一段中的“a clear example of how the problem of desertification can be dealt with”可知，殷玉珍初到沙漠时，那里的环境很艰苦（tough）。changing“变化中的，改变中的”；protected“受保护的”。
24．答案与解析：B 此处考查常识。根据常识可知，在沙漠里种树是为了从沙漠手里夺回土地（land）。
25．答案与解析：C 根据空后的“The couple had to travel on foot，doing 26 by hand”以及常识可知，在沙漠里种树很辛苦，但殷玉珍宁可累死（die of tiredness）也不愿被沙土掩埋。sickness“疾病，呕吐”；emptiness“空虚，空地”；tiredness“疲劳”；sadness“悲伤”。
26．答案与解析：A 根据上文和常识可知，沙漠的环境非常艰苦，交通基本靠走，一切事情（everything）都要靠手去做。
27．答案与解析：D 此处考查逻辑关系。空前讲到了起初种树不成功，空后讲到了多年后她发现了最好的植物和方法来成功地种树，前后句之间形成了转折，故用but。
28．答案与解析：A 根据空前的“many trees did not survive”可知，她最初种树失败了，而空后则讲到成功。由此可以推断，她从失败（failure）中吸取了经验。failure“失败，失败的人（或事物）”；determination“决心，果断，坚定”。
29．答案与解析：B 根据空后的“they have planted over 300，000 trees”可知，她用最好的植物和方法成功地在沙漠里种出了一片森林（forest）。seed“种子，籽”；crop“庄稼，（谷物、水果等一季的）收成，产量”。
30．答案与解析：D 此处是对上文中“Over more than three decades，they have planted over 300，000 trees”的评价，由此可见，殷玉珍也是坚持（perseverance）的典范。fortune“命运，机会”；honesty“诚实，正直”；harmony“融洽，和睦”；perseverance“毅力，韧性，不屈不挠的精神”。
31．答案与解析：C 根据常识可知，30多年来靠双手在沙漠中种出一片森林是值得大家尊重（respect）的。
32．答案与解析：D 根据上文中讲到的殷玉珍种树的故事可以看出，这样的努力是很激励人心的（inspiring）。challenging“有挑战性的”；relaxing“令人放松的，轻松的”；inspiring“鼓舞人心的，激励的，启发灵感的”。
33．答案与解析：A 根据下文中的“Take your first step.Plant your first tree”可知，此处讲到了“不积跬步无以至千里”的道理。换句话说，行动（Actions）可能看起来微不足道，无关紧要，但随着时间的推移，它们汇合（join）在一起，就能成为伟大的成就。choice“选择，挑选，抉择”；promise“诺言，许诺”；event“事件，大事”。
34．答案与解析：B 参见上题解析。
35．答案与解析：C 根据常识可知，千里之行始于足下，还有继续（continue）下去的意志。struggle“奋斗，努力，挣扎脱身”；survive“幸存，比……活（或存在）的时间长，幸免于难”。
第二节
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国美食——小笼包，讲述了小笼包的美味，发源地以及制作方法等。
36．答案与解析：tasty 考查形容词。句意：小笼包（汤包），用精致的饺子皮，包裹着热腾腾的美味汤汁和甜甜的鲜肉，是我最喜欢的中国街头小吃。形容词需修饰后面的名词soup（汤），故空格需用tasty“美味的”作定语，故填tasty。
37．答案与解析：to bite 考查非谓语动词。句意：吃小笼包的时候，你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁，还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里，让热汤在舌头上爆炸。decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，用不定式作宾语，空处与后面to put并列作宾语，故填to bite。
38．答案与解析：or 考查连词。句意：吃小笼包的时候，你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁，还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里，让热汤在舌头上爆炸。whether...or... “是……还是……”，固定搭配，根据句意，故填or。
39．答案与解析：recognized 考查非谓语动词。句意：上海可能是公认的小笼包之乡，但美食历史学家会告诉你，邻近的运河小镇南翔才是小笼包的发源地。空格在名词home前面作定语，recognize与home是逻辑上动宾关系，需填过去分词recognized作定语，recognized“被公认的”也可以看作是形容词作定语。故填recognized。
40．答案与解析：by 考查介词。句意：在那里，你会发现它们的制作方式不同——更多汤包，更少的汤，包子皮是用手压的，而不是擀出来的。by hand“用手”是固定搭配，根据句意，故填by。
41．答案与解析：to be lifted 考查非谓语动词。句意：除了南翔，最好的小笼包有一个精致的外皮，可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来，而不会撕裂或溢出里面的东西。根据搭配allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”可知，空格需用动词不定式作宾语补足语，补足语lift out与宾语them （指代小笼包）是逻辑上的动宾关系，空格需填动词不定式的被动式to be lifted。故填to be lifted。
42．答案与解析：their 考查代词。句意：除了南翔，最好的小笼包有一个精致的外皮，可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来，而不会撕裂或溢出里面的东西。修饰后面的名词contents（东西）需用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。
43．答案与解析：a 考查冠词。句意：肉应该是新鲜的，有一点甜味，汤应该是热的，清澈的，美味的。a touch of “一点点；稍许”，常用搭配，touch“轻微；稍许”常用作单数。故填a。
44．答案与解析：rarely 考查副词。句意：无论我在哪里买，一蒸笼都不够，而两蒸笼又显得太贪心了，所以我总是想下次再买。修饰形容词用副词作状语，rarely“少有”，故填rarely。
45．答案与解析：wanting 考查非谓语动词。句意：无论我在哪里买，一蒸笼都不够，而两蒸笼又显得太贪心了，所以我总是想下次再买。分析句子可知，此处考查“leave sb.＋宾语补足语”，本句是被动语态，want是主语补足语，根据句意，I与want之间是主动的逻辑关系，用现在分词wanting。故填wanting。
第三部分 写作
第一节
参考范文：
Dear Ryan，
I'm Li Hua from Class 3. I think it's not a good idea to randomly pair up students for the spoken English training after class. The reasons are as follows.
To begin with, randomly pairing up students may lead to unbalanced language abilities within the groups. This can hinder the progress of students as the more advanced one may dominate the conversation, leaving little room for the other students to improve. Besides, students may feel uncomfortable or less motivated if paired with someone who they don't get along with or have difficulty communicating with.
My suggestion is to group students based on their language abilities or to let students choose their own partners. This way, everyone can feel more comfortable practicing and improving their spoken English together.
Thank you for considering my suggestion.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
第二节
参考范文：
The doctor's words left me lost in thought. Thinking back to my physical conditions and study, I decided to take his advice. The following day, I got up early and walked to the backyard to take a walk. Hard as it seemed, I insisted on walking fifteen minutes a day. To my satisfaction, I lost several pounds after a week. However, the same scene and people walking alongside me made it boring to continue my walk. I complained to the doctor one day after having a walk.
“Exercising alone is hard. Why not try some team sports？” the doctor suggested. What the doctor said inspired me. But what team sports should I choose I thought about the boys playing basketball every morning in the backyard. I asked them to include me and they did. It was really interesting to do sports with a lot of people. One month later, when examined by the doctor a second time, I owed my good sleep and healthy body to him and thanked him. He smiled and said gently, “Jian, you are ‘Jian’ now. Please hold on！”
综合模拟训练（二）
第一部分 阅读
第一节
A篇
【语篇解读】 文章介绍了一项面向在科廷大学就读的国际学生的假期活动。
1．答案与解析：D 理解具体信息题。根据文中的“This activity is only available to international students who have applied for a course at Curtin University now”可知，只有当下已经在科廷大学报读了课程的国际学生才能参加该活动。
2．答案与解析：B 理解具体信息题。根据Important Information部分中的“going against the Charter may result in your removal from the activity”可知，违反科廷大学学生章程的行为可能导致你被取消活动资格，故选B。
3．答案与解析：D 理解文章类型题。根据文章内容，尤其是文章标题及第一段内容可知，本文主要介绍了一项面向在科廷大学就读的国际学生的暑期活动，应该是一则活动公告。
B篇
【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文，主题语境是“人与社会”。在儿子Oli去世后，Fournel为了将Oli的爱心传递下去，开始和家人一起开拓家里的花园，用农作物回馈别人。她的“农场小摊”影响了整个社区以及她们一家的生活。
4．答案与解析：D 推断题。根据第二段最后一句“It made a healthy profit, which was beyond their dreams, and they took the surprising gain to the shelter”可推断，Oli和他哥哥的鲜花生意获得了超出他们预料的收益。
5．答案与解析：A 推断题。第三段的“He talked about how he'd use that to buy food for those in need”“And we thought...their expanding the garden and sharing its produce”表明，Oli的一份家庭作业激发家人思考如何使爱和善意延续下去，于是他们开始开拓花园，分享农产品。再结合全文可知，farm stand是开拓花园的结果，用来分享农产品，故“农场小摊”的设立是为了将善意传递下去。
6．答案与解析：C 理解词汇题。画线词后提到在Oli一家为Oli的去世悲痛时，社区给了他们很大的支持和安慰。再结合最后一句“We want to repay that”可知，Oli的家人想要报答邻居们。由此可猜测，画线词所在句意为“这也是表达我们的感激的一种方式”。画线词意为“感激”。
7．答案与解析：D 推断题。根据最后一段的“They come by，getting something they enjoy”“This space offers us the opportunity to know each other and begin our own new stories, which we really need. In fact, I think everybody does”可知，“农场小摊”提供给人们自己喜欢的食物，并且创造了一个让人们互相了解，开始各自新的人生故事的场所，故选D项“它给予人们物质和精神上的支持”。
C篇
【语篇解读】 气候变化将对我们生活的各个方面产生深远的影响，例如疾病频发、自然灾害增多等等。
8．答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据第二段的内容可知，气温升高，在寒冷的时期细菌不再死亡，所以会更广泛地传播。由此可推断，低温有助于阻止某些疾病的传播。
9．答案与解析：B 词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“become established”和画线词后的“for up to four months each year”可知，这种疾病会在某个地方生根，每年都爆发，而且持续四个月，所以recurring与frequent意思相近。
10．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“wildlife would also be severely affected”可知，气候变化对野生生物也会产生巨大的影响，所以北极熊可能受到影响。
11．答案与解析：C 标题概括题。根据全文，尤其是第一段可知，本文主要说的是气候变化对我们生活的方方面面产生的深远影响，如自然灾害增多、疾病频发等。因此，C项适合作本文标题。
D篇
【语篇解读】 本文介绍了BBC为首次拥有智能手机的青少年设计的应用程序Own It。
12．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“A new app made by the BBC is aimed at young people who've got their first smart phone”可知，这个应用程序是为第一次拥有智能手机的年轻人设计的。
13．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“for example indicating...”可推知，本段主要是以举例的方式来写的。
14．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Every so often... every Monday you're feeling worried, it might say‘Have you thought about talking to a trusted adult about Mondays？’”可知，如果你情绪经常不好，并使用这个应用程序记录了下来，那么这个应用程序会建议你和一个值得信赖的大人谈谈。
15．答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Quite a few parents have asked if we're going to be making a similar app for adults”和“I've even been asked if there could be a version for politicians！”可知，许多家长甚至有的政治家都希望BBC能开发一个适合他们的类似的应用程序，由此可推知，Own It已得到了广泛认可。
第二节
【语篇解读】 文章鼓励人们练习自我宽恕，并提供了一个简单的写作练习来增强自信。通过列出个人的优点和善良的行为，人们可以学会原谅自己的错误，并从中成长。
16．答案与解析：D 根据空前内容“Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don't beat yourself up about them. To err （犯错） is human. （为错误承担责任是积极的一步，但不要因此而自责。人孰能无过）”可知，作者认为人都会犯错，勇于承担责任固然重要，但是也不要因此而过于自责。结合空后“You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this. （你可以使用下面的写作练习来帮助你做到这一点）”中的“do this”以及下文内容可推断，空处应填内容和“不要太自责”相似。选项D“It's just as important to show yourself some forgiveness. （宽恕自己也同样重要）”与“不要太自责”语意相近，起承上启下的作用。故选D。
17．答案与解析：B 根据空前内容“In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading ‘Personal strengths.’ （在日记或纸上写上‘个人优点’）”以及空后内容“Are you caring Creative Generous A good listener Fun to be around They don't have to be world changing, just aspects of your personality that you're proud of. （你有爱心吗？有创造力吗？你慷慨吗？是一个好的倾听者吗？与人相处很有趣吗？它们不一定要改变世界，只要是你个性中让你感到自豪的方面就行）”可知，空处指的是列出一些你个性中的优点。选项B“Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself. （现在列出所有你喜欢的自己身上的特点）”符合上下文内容，下文内容具体解释哪些是优点。故选B。
18．答案与解析：F 根据上文内容“At the top of a second page, put the heading ‘Acts of kindness.’ On this one, list all the positive things you've done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. （在第二页的顶部，写上‘善举’的标题。在这张单子上，列出你为别人做过的所有积极的事情。它可能是当你帮助朋友做作业的时候，当你没有被要求却主动熨衣服的时候，或者当你在家人累了一天之后烤饼干的时候）”可知，本段主要讲述的是列出一些自己所做的好事。选项F“Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down. （不管是什么，不管它看起来有多小，都要把它写下来）”与上文内容一致，讲述的是不管你所做的事情有多小，只要是好的事情，都记下来。故选F。
19．答案与解析：C 根据空后内容“That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. （这样，你们就可以交换意见，谈谈是什么让你们每个人都与众不同，以及你们个性中闪光的方面）”可知，空处提到了某种方式，这种方式会使得你和朋友们一起交换意见。选项C“They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise. （他们甚至可能想试一试做练习）”符合语境，C项中的“they”与空前的“You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. （你可以让朋友或家人帮你增加你的列表内容）”中的“a friend or family member”保持一致，同时选项C和下文“In fact, don't wait until you've made a mistake to try this — it's a great way to boost self confidence at any time. （事实上，不要等到你犯了错误才去尝试这个——这是一个在任何时候都能增强自信的好方法）”中的“this”一致。故选C。
20．答案与解析：G 根据空前内容“It's something of a cliché （陈词滥调） that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it's true. （大多数人不是从他们的成功中学习，而是从他们的错误中学习，这是陈词滥调。但事实是，这是真的）”可知，作者认为人是从错误中学习。选项G“Whatever the mistake, remember it isn't a fixed aspect of your personality. （不管你犯了什么错误，记住这不是你性格中固定的一面）”符合语境，G项中的“isn't a fixed aspect of your personality”和空后内容“We're all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow. （我们一直在改变和学习，错误是一种积极的发展和成长的方式）”保持一致，指的都是犯错并不是性格中固有的一面，我们是通过错误来成长。故选G。
第二部分 语言运用
第一节
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的车在半路坏了，正巧赶上周日，在加油站并没有找到修车的人。这时恰巧有一位年长的绅士来加油。了解到作者遇到的困难后，他主动帮助作者修了车。作者对此非常的感谢。
21．答案与解析：C 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的手机也没电了。A. busy忙的；B. loud大声的；C. dead（因无电力）不工作的；D. secure可靠的。根据上文“I was halfway across Indiana headed home to Kentucky when my car broke down.”以及句中的too可知，作者的车坏了，手机也因为没电而关机了。故选C。
22．答案与解析：A 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我设法去了一个加油站，但那是初秋的周日，没有机修工值班。A. mechanic机修工；B. policeman警察；C. manager经理；D. guide指导。根据上文“but it was Sunday in the early fall”可知，作者的车坏了，所以她应该去找修车的。但是因为是周日，所以加油站的机修工都没上班。故选A。
23．答案与解析：D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时我正努力读大学，几乎没有钱保养这辆车。A. washing清洗；B. parking停车；C. purchasing购买；D. maintaining保养；维修。根据空前“I was working my way through university then and had little money”可知，作者当时正在读大学，没有什么钱保养汽车。故选D。
24．答案与解析：B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在车旁坐了几个小时试图避暑，这时一位年长的绅士停下来给他的车加油。A.feel感觉；B.beat击败；C.absorb吸收；D.produce生产。根据下文“working on a hot September afternoon”可知，事情发生在一个炎热的夏天，作者坐在车边试图保持凉爽。beat the heat“消暑，在炎热的天气中保持凉爽”。故选B。
25．答案与解析：C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在车旁坐了几个小时试图避暑，这时一位年长的绅士停下来给他的车加油。A. promised答应了；B. refused拒绝；C. stopped停止；D. volunteered自愿做。根据上文“I managed to get to a gas station”可知，作者是在加油站，所以有一辆车停下来加油。故选C。
26．答案与解析：D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他问起我的车，我解释了我的困境。A.solved解决；B.noticed注意到；C.escaped逃脱；D.explained解释。根据上文“He asked about my car”可知，这位绅士询问作者的车出了什么问题，然后作者向他解释了他的困境。故选D。
27．答案与解析：A 考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，这位先生告诉我，他有一个和我同龄的女儿，然后他打开行李箱，拿出了一套工具。A. surprise惊讶；B. regret遗憾；C. amusement可笑；D. disappointment失望。根据下文“the gentleman told me that he had a daughter my age, and then he opened his trunk and 28 a tool set”可知，这位年长的绅士听到作者的困难后，告诉作者他也有一个女儿，而且从车里拿出一套工具。这让作为陌生人的作者感到非常的惊讶。故选A。
28．答案与解析：B 考查动词短语辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，这位先生告诉我，他有一个和我同龄的女儿，然后他打开行李箱，拿出了一套工具。A. called up打电话给；B. pulled out取出；C. put down放下；D. threw away扔掉；丢弃。根据空后“a tool set”以及下文“Right then and there, this total 29 examined my engine, explaining as he worked that my spark plugs （火花塞） hadn't been changed for so long that they were 30 to function.”可知，这位绅士从他的车里拿出一套工具，帮作者修起了车。故选B。
29．答案与解析：C 考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，这个完全陌生的人检查了我的发动机，一边检查一边解释说，我的火花塞已经很久没有更换了，以至于无法工作。A. liar骗子；B. beginner初学者；C. stranger陌生人；D. loser失败者。根据上文“I sat alongside my car for several hours trying to 24 the heat when an older gentleman 25 to fuel his car”以及全文语境可知，这个绅士对于作者来说完全是个陌生人。故选C。
30．答案与解析：D 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，这个完全陌生的人检查了我的发动机，一边检查一边解释说，我的火花塞已经很久没有更换了，以至于无法工作。A. free免费的；B. ready准备好的；C. uncertain不确定；D. unable不能的。根据上文“as he worked that my spark plugs （火花塞） hadn't been changed for so long”可知，由于车辆的火花塞已经很久没有更换了，所以导致它不能正常工作。故选D。
31．答案与解析：A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：大约一个小时后，他宣称我的车可以安全地走完旅程。A.pronounced宣布；B.agreed同意；C.discovered发现；D.doubted怀疑。根据空后“that my car was safe to finish the trip”可知，经过一个小时的修理后，那个绅士宣称我的车可以安全地走完旅程。故选A。
32．答案与解析：B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：善意来自一个陌生人。A.Tiredness疲劳；B.Kindness善良；C.Loneliness孤独；D.Carefulness细心。根据全文语境可知，一位陌生人帮助了他，所以此处指善意来自一个陌生人。故选B。
33．答案与解析：C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一个炎热的九月下午，这个男人弄脏了自己的衣服，帮助了一个大学生免于遭受灾难，只因为她可能和他的女儿同龄。A.Folding折叠；B.Drying干燥；C.Soiling弄脏；D.Mending修补。根据上文“After about an hour, he 31 that my car was safe to finish the trip.”可知，那位绅士给作者修了一个小时的车。此处指修车时弄脏了自己的衣服。故选C。
34．答案与解析：A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一个炎热的九月下午，这个男人弄脏了自己的衣服，帮助了一个大学生免于遭受灾难，只因为她可能和他的女儿同龄。A.saved救助；B.called打电话；C.judged判断；D.banned禁止。根据上文“Right then and there, this total 29 examined my engine, explaining as he worked that my spark plugs （火花塞） hadn't been changed for so long that they were 30 to function.”可知，这个陌生人给作者修了车，所以作者觉得他就像是从灾难中救了她。故选A。
35．答案与解析：B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一个炎热的九月下午，这个男人弄脏了自己的衣服，帮助了一个大学生免于遭受灾难，只因为她可能是和他的女儿同龄。A.friend朋友；B.daughter女儿；C.coworker同事；D.customer顾客。根据上文“the gentleman told me that he had a daughter my age”可知，作者觉那位绅士帮助作者是因为他有一个和她同龄的女儿。此处指作者就像那位男士的女儿。故选B。
第二节
【语篇解读】 本文介绍了中国书法的起源、发展、地位，以及它的不同风格和对其他艺术形式的影响。
36．答案与解析：involves 动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处作定语从句的谓语，先行词an art form是单数形式，且此处描述客观事实，故填involves。句意：中国书法是一种艺术形式，它涉及熟练地、从容不迫地使用笔墨来创造美丽而富于表现力的文字。
37．答案与解析：oldest 形容词最高级。“one of＋the＋形容词最高级＋名词复数”是固定用法，故填oldest。句意：中国书法的起源可以追溯到几千年前的商朝，这使其成为世界上延续最久的艺术传统之一。
38．答案与解析：which 定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，从句中缺主语，先行词是表示物的the Chinese writing system，故填which。句意：它的演变伴随着汉字书写系统的发展，该系统由成千上万个汉字组成，每个汉字都有自己的艺术结构和笔顺。
39．答案与解析：is regarded 动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作谓语。此处描述客观事实，时态应用一般现在时；同时主语Calligraphy与regard之间是被动关系，故用被动语态；主语Calligraphy是不可数名词，谓语动词应用单数形式。故填is regarded。句意：书法在中国被认为是最高的艺术表现形式之一。
40．答案与解析：but 连词。not only... but （also）...“不仅……而且……”，是固定用法，故填but。句意：它不仅是一种交流的方式，而且是一种发展一个人的性格、自制力和灵性的方式。
41．答案与解析：patience 名词。空处与空后的名词concentration和a deep understanding并列作requires的宾语，故用其名词形式。且patience是不可数名词，故填patience。
42．答案与解析：styles 名词复数。分析句子结构可知，空处用名词作主语，再结合空后的内容可知，此处表示很多种风格，故填styles。
43．答案与解析：on 介词。have an influence on...“对……有影响”，是固定用法，故填on。句意：中国书法对其他艺术形式有着深远的影响，如绘画、诗歌和篆刻。
知识拓展：常见的含有介词on的固定搭配有——be based on“以……为基础”；concentrate/focus on“集中注意力于”；depend/rely on“依靠”；feed on“以……为食”；insist on“坚持”等。
44．答案与解析：painting 名词。空处与空后的poetry“诗歌”和seal carving“篆刻”并列表示一种艺术形式，故填painting“绘画”。
45．答案与解析：cultural 形容词。分析句子结构可知，空后是名词salon，其前应用形容词修饰，故填cultural。句意：它通常被认为是中国传统文化的重要组成部分，在那里学者和艺术家聚集在一个文化沙龙里欣赏和讨论书法作品。
第三部分 写作
第一节
参考范文：
Welcome to Join in the English Writing Competition
Our school English newspaper is excited to announce the upcoming writing competition, themed “Hand in Hand, Save the Food”. The competition aims to raise awareness about the importance of saving food.
All students are encouraged to participate. Entries should consist of an original piece of writing, focusing on the theme of food waste and showing how we can contribute to its reduction. Please submit your entries to the English Department mailbox by the deadline of June 1st.
We look forward to your participation and creative submissions.
【语篇解读】 本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生为校英文报计划举办主题为“携手行动，节约粮食”的作文比赛写一则活动通知。
解析：1.词汇积累
比赛：competition→contest
集中：focus on→concentrate on
鼓励：encourage→hearten
主题：theme→topic
2．句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Our school English newspaper is excited to announce the upcoming writing competition, themed “Hand in Hand, Save the Food”．
拓展句：Our school English newspaper is excited to announce the upcoming writing competition, whose theme is “Hand in Hand, Save the Food”．
点睛：【高分句型1】 The competition aims to raise awareness about the importance of saving food. （运用了动名词作宾语）
【高分句型2】 Entries should consist of an original piece of writing, focusing on the theme of food waste and showing how we can contribute to its reduction. （运用了how引导宾语从句）
第二节
参考范文：
A few weeks later, when I almost forgot the contest, there came the news. I was informed that I won the first prize in the writing contest and that there would be an award presentation in two days. I was so happy to hear the news that I immediately shared it with my teacher. “I knew you'd win! I am proud of you. You made it！” he said excitedly. Then came the big day. When I was invited to the stage to receive the award, I expressed my thanks to my teacher. I said, “It's you who make me fall in love with writing, my social studies teacher. Without your recognition and guidance, I couldn't have written this article. Again thank you very much！”
I went to my teacher's office after the award presentation. My teacher was waiting for me. Holding my hands, he said “Congratulations! You are a good writer, so keep writing.” “You know I didn't like writing before, but now I am crazy about it! I will try my best to create good works.” I said seriously. Since then, I have written many good works and now I am a famous writer. I owe my success to my social studies teacher who is a beacon in my life on the road to writing.
综合模拟训练（三）
第一部分 阅读
第一节
A篇
【语篇解读】 文章介绍了欧洲的四个不同寻常的旅游度假胜地。
1．答案与解析：A 理解具体信息题。根据题干中的Transylvania可将解题信息定位至Volunteer in Transylvania部分。根据该部分中的“you can take your unusual holiday...working with bears”可知，作者建议游客在特兰西瓦尼亚旅行时去东欧最大的熊保护区做志愿者，帮忙照顾熊。
2．答案与解析：D 理解具体信息题。根据Teach skiing in Austria部分中的“this programme includes a guaranteed paid instructor job...finished your training”可知，游客在奥地利可以接受培训成为一名滑雪教练，一旦培训结束就可得到有报酬的教练工作。因此如果你想在旅行的同时挣一些钱，你可以去奥地利。
3．答案与解析：C 推断题。根据Explore Tuscany on horseback部分中的“Tuscany...has witnessed a sharp increase in travelers”可知，托斯卡纳是骑马度假的胜地之一，来这个地区游玩的游客数量激增。由此可推知，托斯卡纳的骑马度假越来越受欢迎。
B篇
【语篇解读】 作者在13岁时开始喜欢哲学，随后Weiner的书The Socrates Express唤起了作者对哲学的热爱。文章通过介绍The Socrates Express这本书，倡导读者花时间去读这本书。
4．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据第一段“I was about 13 when an uncle gave me a copy of Jostein Gaarder's Sophie's World. It was full of ideas that were new to me, so I spent the summer with my head in and out of that book. It spoke to me and brought me into a world of philosophy （哲学）.（我13岁的时候，一个叔叔给了我一本Jostein Gaarder的《Sophie的世界》。书里面的观点对我来说都很新奇，所以我整个夏天都在钻研那本书。它对我说话，把我带入一个哲学的世界。）”可知，Jostein Gaarder为作者打开了通往哲学的大门。故选C。
5．答案与解析：D 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Weiner starts each chapter with a scene on a train ride between cities and then frames each philosopher's work in the context （背景） of one thing they can help us do better. The end result is a read in which we learn to wonder like Socrates, see like Thoreau, listen like Schopenhauer, and have no regrets like Nietzsche. （Weiner在每一章的开头都描述了一个城市之间火车旅行的场景，然后将每一位哲学家的著作框定在一个他们能够帮助我们做得更好的事情上。最终的结果是，我们学会了像苏格拉底一样思考，像梭罗一样看，像叔本华一样听，像尼采一样没有遗憾。）”可知，作者在第四段开头描写了Weiner书的内容，接着作者通过列举了几位伟大的哲学家来描写读完这本书后我们能从中学到的东西，由此可推知，作者列举了几位伟大的哲学家是为了帮助读者理解Weiner的书。故选D。
6．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第四段中“This, more than a book about understanding philosophy, is a book about learning to use philosophy to improve a life.（这不仅仅是一本关于理解哲学的书，更是一本关于学习运用哲学来改善生活的书。）”可知，作者喜欢The Socrates Express这本书，是因为它的思想可以应用到日常生活中。故选B。
7．答案与解析：D 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“He makes philosophical thought an appealing exercise that improves the quality of our experiences, and he does so with plenty of humor.（他使哲学思想成为一种有吸引力的练习，可以提高我们经验的质量，而且他在做这件事的时候充满了幽默感。）”可知，Weiner的书很幽默，根据最后一段中“The Socrates Express is a fun, sharp book that draws readers in with its apparent simplicity and gradually pulls them in deeper thoughts on desire, loneliness, and aging. （The Socrates Express是一本有趣而尖锐的书，它以其表面上的简单吸引着读者，并逐渐将他们拉进对欲望、孤独和衰老的深层思考中。）”可知，Weiner的书简单易懂，由此可知，Weiner的书既幽默又简单易懂。故选D。
C篇
【语篇解读】 一味地整理家中的东西并不能让生活变得井然有序。及时舍弃不需要的东西才是正确的选择。
8．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But simply organizing our stuff must be repeated over and over.”可知，简单地整理东西的问题在于需要经常重复。
9．答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Whether we resell our possessions, donate them to charity, or give them to a friend, they are immediately put to use by those who need them.”可知，把不需要的东西卖给他人是舍弃它们的一个方法。
10．答案与解析：A 词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“selling what you no longer need”可知，通过卖掉不需要的东西可以得到钱，这笔钱可用来摆脱债务，因此画线词和get rid of “摆脱”意思相近。
11．答案与解析：C 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文通过分析整理东西的缺点和彻底清理东西的优点，来劝说人们应及时舍弃不需要的东西，因此本文的目的是号召人们舍弃杂物，不要一味地整理。
D篇
【语篇解读】 介绍英国人在英国烹饪节目的影响下改变对烹饪的看法，并尝试新的烹饪习惯。
12．答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据第一段的“What comes into your mind when you think of British food Probably fish and chips, or a Sunday dinner of meat and two vegetables. But is British food really so uninteresting？”（当你想到英国食物时，你会想到什么？你可能想到的是炸鱼薯条，或是一肉两菜的周日晚餐。但是，英国食物真的如此无趣吗？）可知，提及英国食物，大家往往只是想到炸鱼薯条和周日烤肉，所以人们通常会觉得英国食物平平无奇。故选A项。
13．答案与解析：D 推理判断题。根据第二段的“It's thanks to these TV chefs rather than any advertising campaign that Britons are turning away from meat and two veg and ready made meals and becoming more adventurous in their cooking habits.”（正是由于电视上的这些大厨，而不是凭借广告宣传活动，英国人正在远离“一肉两菜”和速食餐，而变得更加愿意探索新的烹饪习惯。）和“It seems that TV programmes have helped change what people think about cooking.”（似乎电视节目帮助改变了人们对烹饪的看法。）可知，英国的烹饪节目能够改变英国人对烹饪的看法，尝试从传统的英式饮食走出来，尝试新的烹饪习惯，由此推知英国的烹饪节目具有很大的影响力。故选D项。
14．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第三段的“Almost one third say they now use a wider variety of ingredients （配料） than they used to, and just under 1 in 4 say they now buy better quality ingredients than before.”（几乎三分之一的人表示他们现在使用的配料比以前更多，将近四分之一的人表示他们现在购买的配料质量比以前更好。）可知，三分之一左右的人，也就是33%左右的人，使用的配料比以前更多。故选D项。
15．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。根据第三段的最后一句“With an increasing number of male chefs on TV, it's no longer ‘uncool’ for boys to like cooking.”（随着电视上出现越来越多男性厨师，男孩子喜欢烹饪不再是一件“不酷”的事了。）可知，接下来，文章应该具体介绍电视上的男性厨师，从而与上文形成语义连贯。故选B项。
第二节
【语篇解读】 地下水是一种重要的自然资源，对人类的生活和生态系统起着重要的作用。随着全球人口的增加和污染变严重，保护地下水迫在眉睫。
16．答案与解析：E 上一句提到地下水是什么，下一句提到它是地球生命的重要组成部分，故E项“世界上几乎所有的液态淡水都是地下水”承上启下，且与下一句构成因果关系，符合语境。
17．答案与解析：A 上一句提到地下水在人类生活中的用途，下一句提到它保证了水流向湿地和溪流，这是地下水对自然生态的作用，故A项“我们的自然生态系统也需要地下水”引出下文，符合语境。
18．答案与解析：D 下一句提到在许多地区，抽取地下水的速度超过了大自然补充地下水的速度，故D项“对地下水的依赖正在迅速增加”引出下文，符合语境。
19．答案与解析：B 上一句提到联合国粮农组织表示保护地下水至关重要 ，下文提到可持续的地下水利用需要不断监测用水量，还提到了人造卫星技术在监测方面的优势，故B项“它建议改进监测过程”承上启下，符合语境。B项中的it指代上一句中的the FAO。
20．答案与解析：G 上一句提到世界银行表示地下水的长期可持续性需要有影响力的机构的支持和法律的保护，下一句提到这样污染就会停止，故G项“它建议在地下水抽取点周围建立保护区”承上启下，符合语境。G项中的It指代上一句中的The World Bank。
第二部分 语言运用
第一节
【语篇解读】 文章主要讲述了作者曾经遇到的一匹可爱的马，这匹马生性胆小，但是当她引导马群时却认真负责。
21．答案与解析：B 空处与空后的“sweet natured and well trained”（性格温顺且训练有素）并列，因此空处也应是一个褒义词，选项中符合的只有B项graceful“优美的，优雅的”。negative“否定的，消极的”；pitiful“可怜的，令人同情的”；aggressive“好斗的，富于攻击性的”。
22．答案与解析：C 分号前后部分都在讲述Holly，分号前讲到了Holly的各种优点，因此空后讲到的“her vivid imagination”便成了她唯一的问题（problem）。且下文中的“be 23 by rabbits，the wind or even shadows—sometimes her own shadow”正是对该问题的诠释。solution“解决办法，处理手段”；reaction“反应，回应”。
23．答案与解析：A 根据语境和下文内容可知，Holly唯一的问题是想象力太生动了，以至于会被兔子、风或影子等吓到（frightened）。delight“使高兴，使愉快，使快乐”；attract“吸引，使喜爱，引起……的好感（或爱慕）”。
24．答案与解析：B 根据上文中的“I was a trail ride leader at a holiday farm”可知，作者是一个领队，因此，此处讲作者和Holly在山区带（leading）路。本题也可以利用词汇复现来进行判断，此处呼应下文中的“leading a group of eight inexperienced pre teen riders”。chase“追赶，追逐，努力获得，追求”。
25．答案与解析：A 根据上文中的“Holly began to twitch （抽动） her ears and step in place”可知，Holly在抽动耳朵、前进到适当位置后，继续（proceeded）闻气味。hesitate “（对某事）犹豫，迟疑不决”。
26．答案与解析：C 上文讲到了Holly进行了一系列反常的举动，紧接着，Holly发出了“the ‘horse eating monsters’ were close”的信号（signals）。evidence“根据，证明，证据”；truth“真相，实情，事实”；symbol“象征，符号”。
27．答案与解析：D 上文讲到了Holly发现了危险，结合空后的“with caution”可知，Holly慢下了（slowed）自己的脚步。speed “快速前行”；rush “迅速移动，急促”；escape“逃跑，逃走，逃避”。
28．答案与解析：D 此处考查词汇复现。根据下文中的“With the snake in her sight”可知，在道路中间晒太阳的是一条棕色的蛇（snake）。monster “（传说中的）怪物，怪兽”。
29．答案与解析：A 根据上文中的“the ‘horse eating monsters’ were close”和“with caution”可知，Holly之前就感到了害怕，因此，此时当作者看到蛇的时候，轮到（turn）作者感觉害怕了。case “具体情况，事例，实例”；rule “规则，规章，条例”。
30．答案与解析：B “Unexpectedly”表明Holly的实际表现，和空前讲到的可能害怕形成了对比。结合下文中的“she was no longer worried”可知，Holly选择坚定地站在原地。此处plant作动词，意为“立稳，竖立，安放”，属于熟词生义的用法。seal“封上（信封）；密封（容器）”；fasten“（使）关紧，系牢，扣紧”；freeze“结冰，（使）冻住，冰冻”。
31．答案与解析：C 根据上文中的“when she 25 to sniff（嗅）”可知，此处拿狗来和Holly进行对比，说明马比狗的嗅觉（smell）还要灵敏。vision “想象，视力”；direction “方向，方位，动向”。
32．答案与解析：D 上文讲到了Holly通过闻味确定了前方有蛇，向作者展示了（demonstrated）马的嗅觉非常灵敏，这是作者之前没有见过的。deny“否认，拒绝承认，拒绝给予”；ignore“佯装未见，不予理睬，忽视”；demonstrate“证明，证实，示范，演示”。
33．答案与解析：C 结合选项可知，空处考查副词修饰整个句子。根据本句中的“the snake awoke and glided calmly off into the bush”可知，危险解除是值得庆幸的事情。undoubtedly“无疑，肯定”；thankfully“（用以表示高兴）幸亏”；instantly“立刻，马上”。
34．答案与解析：D 上文讲到了Holly站在了原地，结合空后的“leading the horses with caution and care”可知，Holly小心谨慎地带着其他马向前走（stepped forward）。fall off“脱落，降低，减小”；go back“返回”；come out“上市，结果是，出来”。
35．答案与解析：A 根据空后的“Following in the...showed any fear”可知，Holly一直负责着（responsible）我们所有人和马的安全。responsible“负责的，负有责任的”；regretful“后悔的，遗憾的”；grateful“表示感谢的，感激的”；available“可获得的，有空的”。
第二节
【语篇解读】 本文主要讲述了清代著名的建筑世家“样式雷”的功绩和贡献。
36．答案与解析：hono（u）red/hono（u）rable 考查形容词。根据空前的冠词the和空后的名词name可知，空处应用形容词，结合句意“如果你没有听说过样式雷，也就是清朝时候负责皇宫建筑的雷家的尊称，那么你就错过了一个关于天坛、颐和园和圆明园的重要细节”可知，空处应填hono（u）red/hono（u）rable“可敬的，值得钦佩的”。
37．答案与解析：and 考查连词。分析句子结构可知，空处应填一个连词。结合句意“以上所有伟大的文化遗迹和热门的旅游景点都被列入了联合国教科文组织的世界遗产名录，并且令人十分惊讶的是，它们都是由雷家设计的”可知，前后分句之间是并列关系，表顺承，所以空处填and。
38．答案与解析：Representing 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句的谓语动词是covered，空处在句中为非谓语作状语，与逻辑主语their architectural practice之间是主谓关系，所以空处填Representing，注意首字母大写。
39．答案与解析：refers 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。refer在句中作谓语。结合句意“‘样式’在汉语里指的是建筑师或建筑”可知，此处陈述客观事实，用一般现在时；且主语Yangshi为第三人称单数，与refer之间是主动关系。所以空处填refers。
40．答案与解析：selection 考查名词。分析句子结构可知，空处与空后的design和construction是并列关系，应用名词，所以空处填selection。句意：“样式房”是当时的政府权威机构，类似于今天的国家建筑设计院，它负责皇家建筑的场地选择、设计和建设。
41．答案与解析：Amazingly 考查副词。分析句子结构可知，此处是副词修饰整个句子，表示“令人惊诧地”，所以空处填Amazingly，注意首字母大写。句意：令人惊诧的是，从1662年至1911年，雷家八代人连续被任命为“样式房”掌案（即总设计师）。
42．答案与解析：works 考查名词复数。work在此处意为“作品”，是可数名词。根据空前的many可知，此处应用复数，所以空处填works。
43．答案与解析：a 考查冠词。根据空后的形容词和名词单数可知，空处应用冠词。结合句意“有如此多的建筑作品被列入联合国教科文组织的世界遗产名录，雷氏家族是世界建筑史上一个独特的非凡家族”可知，空处表泛指，且unique的发音以辅音音素开头，所以空处填a。
44．答案与解析：are 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处为there be句式，空处作谓语，与其后的名词（architectural design drafts）的数保持一致，故用复数；结合句意“仅在中国国家图书馆，就有多达2万份建筑设计草案，每一份在清朝历史和当时建筑发展的研究中都起着重要的作用”可知，此处陈述了一个客观事实，故时态用一般现在时。所以空处填are。
45．答案与解析：which 考查定语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知，空处形成“each of＋关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句。空前为of，先行词architectural design drafts表示物，所以空处填which。
第三部分 写作
第一节
参考范文1：
Dear Jim，
Hearing that you are planning a club activity with a theme of “Green Beijing” and need my help, I am writing to provide some suggestions.
First of all, you are supposed to organize an activity focusing on hands on experience, where club members can get involved and have a better understanding of what “Green Beijing” really means in person. You can lead them to cycle to a nearby farm or garden. Giving them opportunities to plant trees or vegetables and publicize （宣传） sharing economy, you can no doubt contribute to a greener Beijing.
I hope these suggestions may be of help to you. Wish you success.
Yours，
Li Hua
参考范文2：
Dear Jim，
How's everything
Glad to hear about the upcoming “Green Beijing” event at your club.
I think it'd be quite nice to have a photograph exhibition. You can display some pictures about how Beijing has kept the city “green”， such as the use of solar power and recyclable materials. In particular, I recommend “green transport” since electric vehicles and shared bikes are really popular here. If you like, I'd be very happy to take some photos and email them to you.
If you need any other help, don't hesitate to let me know.
Best wishes for this great event!
Yours，
Li Hua
第二节
参考范文：
“This is Maya's secret，” Hilda said with a big smile. “The truth of the matter，” Hilda continued, “is that Maya has been secretly collecting items from the tank, hiding them near the filter in the back of the tank. When you train her, she will give you some items so that she can get treats from you.” “Really How do you know that？” Katherine asked in surprise. Hilda laughed and replied, “It took me a long time to discover this secret, too. It's not easy to follow Maya.”
Now Katherine realized what had been going on. Katherine thought to herself, this is really a clever dolphin. And she said to Hilda, “Well, Maya loves treats, so we'll work together, and you'll secretly help her collect a few things and put them in the filter at the back of the tank. I'll give her treats, the number of which I can increase.” Hilda replied, “Good idea, let's do it.” From then on, the Sea Life Park is full of warmth and harmony. Maya's performance in front of the audience is getting better and better.
【语篇解读】 本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了希尔达在一家海洋生物公园与海豚训练员凯瑟琳一起做志愿者，以及她们和海豚玛雅之间的故事。
解析：1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“‘这是玛雅的秘密，’希尔达笑着说。”可知，第一段可描写玛雅的秘密是什么。
②由第二段首句内容“现在凯瑟琳意识到发生了什么事。”可知，第二段可描写凯瑟琳对这件事的反应以及事情的结果。
2．续写线索：训练海豚——发现秘密——分析秘密——互相协商——共同配合——良好结果
3．词汇激活
行为类
①秘密地：secretly/in private
②收集：collect/gather
③隐藏：hide/conceal
情绪类
①惊讶地：in surprise/in amazement
②笑：laugh/smile
点睛：【高分句型1】“The truth of the matter，” Hilda continued, “is that Maya has been secretly collecting items from the tank, hiding them near the filter in the back of the tank.” （运用了that引导的表语从句和现在分词作状语）
【高分句型2】I'll give her treats, the number of which I can increase. （运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
综合模拟训练（四）
第一部分 阅读
第一节
A篇
【语篇解读】 本文主要讲述了国际奥委会青年领袖的选拔过程及资质要求等。
1．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据文中的“The 4 Week Learning Sprint...is a virtual learning programme”可知，为期四周的学习冲刺是一个虚拟的学习项目。因此，其学员将参加一个虚拟学习项目，故B项正确。
2．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据文中的“After successfully completing...a sport based project, which you will work on if selected as an IOC Young Leader”可知，被选为国际奥委会青年领袖的人将需要致力于一项体育项目，故C项正确。
3．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据Requirements for the Applicants部分中的第3条要求“You have at least one year of work experience”可知，申请者需要有至少一年的工作经验，故B项正确。
B篇
【语篇解读】 文章讲述了作者与Gabe在开车去看朋友的路上遭遇泥石流被冲下悬崖，最终获救并积极面对人生的故事。
4．答案与解析：B 理解具体信息题。根据第一段中的“Gabe Rosescu, and I were taking a road trip...with our friends”可知，作者和Gabe开车去纳尔逊是为了与朋友共度时光，即拜访朋友。
5．答案与解析：C 理解主旨要义题。根据第二段的内容可知，本段主要交代了事故发生的时间、地点、原因和结果，故C项“事故是怎样发生的”最能概括段落的主要内容。
6．答案与解析：B 理解具体信息题。根据第三段中的“I was in the hospital for a week and a half...lost the vision in his left eye”可知，作者余生都要一瘸一拐地走，而Gabe的左眼则永久性失明。由此可知，作者和Gabe都受伤很严重。
7．答案与解析：A 理解词汇题。根据最后一段中的“Before this all happened，we were happy go lucky people”可知，作者他们之前是乐天派的人。再结合画线词后的“We look at everything differently...we're grateful that we're still living a pretty good life”可知，画线词所在句表示“现在我们更加乐观了”。
C篇
【语篇解读】 孤独对人类健康有严重的负面影响，而2018年的一项研究表明，机器人可以减轻孤独，于是社交机器人ElliQ应运而生。虽然用ElliQ来照顾老年人受到了争议，但是相关负责人却表达了利用新技术改善人类健康和幸福的坚定立场。
8．答案与解析：B 段落大意题。通读第二段可知，ElliQ可以进行闲聊、回答问题、提醒用户吃药、帮助联系朋友和家人、发起对话以及帮助处理其他日常活动，ElliQ记得与人们进行互动，还关注健康、减压、睡眠等。由此可知，该段主要介绍了该机器人的功能。
9．答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据第三段中Amy Novotney的话可知，孤独对人类健康有严重的负面影响；根据第四段第一句“A 2018 study in The Gerontologist suggested that robots could reduce loneliness and stress and improve engagement and interaction.”可知，一项2018年的研究表明，机器人可以减少孤独和压力，由此可推知，作者提及这两项内容是为了给出创造ElliQ的原因。
10．答案与解析：D 词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“there's a risk of users neglecting human relationships in favor of their relationship with the robot”可知，用户可能会为了与机器人建立关系而忽视人际关系，由此可推知，此处指社交机器人可能会让用户产生错误的认知，因此画线词与misleading“误导人的；使人产生误解的”意思相近。
11．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“We live in a technological world, and we're learning not only what's available but how to use this stuff to really enhance our life... That's just the future.”可知，Olsen没有受争议的影响，他表明我们不仅要学习什么是可以获得的，也要学习如何使用这些东西来真正改善生活，而且他还强调这就是未来的样子，由此可推知，Olsen是个意志坚定的人，对未来有着明确的目标。
D篇
【语篇解读】 作者为了增加运动量，找到了一个在办公室运动的方法，他买了一台桌下跑步机，这样他可以一边办公，一边运动。
12．答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“During the pandemic the situation grew worse.My schedule filled up with online meetings and seminars.And I ‘traveled’ to them without leaving my desk.”可知，在疫情期间作者不活动的情况更严重了，他的日程表上排满了线上会议和研讨课，作者不需要离开自己的办公桌。由此可知，远程办公让作者不活动的情况更严重了。
13．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“At home, I'd occasionally tried to work on my wife's treadmill... I thought that might be just what I needed in my campus office，so I bought a treadmill designed to go under a desk.”可知，作者曾经在妻子的跑步机上工作，作者感觉很不错，觉得这就是他在学校办公室所需要的，因此使用妻子的跑步机时的良好体验启发作者买了桌下跑步机。
14．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据第一段和最后一段中的“most of the scientists I work with have sent me comforting feedback”可知，虽然很多同事一开始对作者在跑步机上工作感到不解，但听完作者的解释后，大多数和作者一起工作的科学家都给了他安慰的反馈，所以作者的大多数同事都是体谅他人的。
15．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“That has convinced me that：There're always ways to stay active！”可知，作者相信总有办法保持活跃，由此可推知，作者会一直努力保持活跃。
第二节
【语篇解读】 作者介绍了几个可以帮助孩子对运动感兴趣的方法。
16．答案与解析：E 空前一句提到活跃和运动对我们所有人来说都非常重要，尤其是对孩子们来说。空后为承接结果部分，故空处应为前句的进一步解释说明。E项“孩子的活跃程度将影响他总体的健康和学习”，承接上文。故选E项。
17．答案与解析：A 段首句说到父母以身作则是个好主意，空后建议家长需要对运动提起兴趣，A项“如果你对运动不感兴趣，孩子也不会对运动感兴趣”紧扣段首句，同时又能承接下文。故选A项。
18．答案与解析：F 第二段的主旨是父母要以身作则，而本段主要讲让孩子看到你对某个运动队或者运动员有热情是孩子开启自己运动旅程所必需的，F项“除了以身作则，你还可以（与他们）分享你最喜欢的队”能概括本段的主旨，同时起承上启下作用。故选F项。
19．答案与解析：B 空前一句举例说明你可以找一家队服商店给孩子们买一件印有他们名字的球衣，也可以观看运动队的一场比赛，B项“分享你的热情，这有助于点燃激情”能起到归纳总结本段的作用。故选B项。
20．答案与解析：G 段首句讲如果事情枯燥乏味，就很难让孩子们对它提起热情，空后讲当他们喜欢自己所做的事情时，他们只会把它看作一件有趣的事情，G项“然而，让孩子参与体育运动的关键是让运动变得有乐趣”，呼应段首句，且承接下文。故选G项。
第二部分 语言运用
第一节
【语篇解读】 来自哥伦比亚的Diana Trujillo通过自身的努力成为首位被NASA学院录取的拉美裔女性，并在美国国家航空航天局工作，她还激励更多的女性追逐自己的梦想。
21．答案与解析：C 根据上一句可知，对于一个在20世纪80年代在哥伦比亚长大的女孩来说，在NASA从事科学工作似乎是一个遥不可及的梦想，再结合空后内容可知，Diana Trujillo成功做到了，因此上下文是转折关系，故选However。
22．答案与解析：B 根据空后的“leading a 45 person team that's responsible for the robotic arm of the latest Mars rover”可知，Diana Trujillo领导着一个45人的团队，负责最新火星探测器的机械臂。由此可推知，她现在是一名航天工程师。
23．答案与解析：A 根据上文可知，当Diana还是个小女孩时，就坚信自己对科学的热爱，当她17岁时，她的父亲提出要送她去佛罗里达州的迈阿密学习航空航天工程，她应是毫不犹豫的。
24．答案与解析：D 根据上文的“her dad offered to send her to Miami...”可知，Diana的父亲主动提出要送她去佛罗里达州的迈阿密学习航空航天工程，Diana应是听从了父亲的建议。
25．答案与解析：C 根据空前的“Arriving in the US with just $300”可知，当Diana抵达美国时，她只有300美元，因此她不得不做一系列家政工作艰难地完成学业。struggle意为“艰难地行进；努力；奋斗”。
26．答案与解析：D 根据上文可知，当Diana抵达美国时，她只有300美元，因此她不得不做一系列家政工作艰难地完成学业，这个过程确实不容易。journey意为“过程；历程”。
27．答案与解析：B 根据下一句“One of her professors casually mentioned an astronaut they knew.”和下文中的“became the first Hispanic woman to be admitted to the NASA Academy”可知，她的一位教授不经意地提到了他们认识的一位宇航员，后来Diana成为首位被NASA学院录取的拉美裔女性，因此此处指Diana迎来了另一个改变人生的时刻。
28．答案与解析：A 根据语境可知，空后的“she was‘just one person away from 29 an astronaut’”是Diana意识到的事情。
29．答案与解析：C Diana意识到自己不认识那位宇航员。
30．答案与解析：D 根据空前的“inspire Diana's career goals”可知，Diana意识到自己不认识那位宇航员，这激励了Diana的职业目标，因此她继续太空科学的学习。
31．答案与解析：B 根据语境可知，最终，她于2007年成为首位被NASA学院录取的拉美裔女性。
32．答案与解析：C 根据下一句中的“She also leads by example”可知，Diana并没有止步于在科技领域内取得的成绩和认可。
33．答案与解析：A 根据空前的“leads by example”可知，她以身作则，鼓励女性致力于STEM领域的事业。
34．答案与解析：D Diana的故事提醒我们，障碍后面有无数的机会在等待着任何愿意努力工作的人。reminder意为“提醒人的事物”。
35．答案与解析：B 根据空前的“work hard enough”和空后的“the stars”可知，reach for “伸手够”符合语境。reach for the stars意为“有九天揽月之志；努力完成壮举”。
第二节
【语篇解读】 本文主要讲述了随着417座2 000年前的玛雅城市被发现，更多的关于玛雅文明秘密正在被揭示出来。
36．答案与解析：dating 非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句的谓语动词是are unlocking，空处在句中作非谓语动词。date back to意为“追溯到”，无被动形式，所以空处填dating。句意：据《华盛顿邮报》报道，现在，随着2 000年前的417座城市的发现，科学家们正在揭开关于这个古老文明的更多秘密。
37．答案与解析：were found 动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处作本句的谓语。根据时间状语in May可知，此处时态用一般过去时；主语The cities与find是被动关系，且主语是复数。所以空处填were found。
38．答案与解析：as 定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为整个主句的内容，且从句意为“正如路透社所报道的那样”，所以空处填as。句意：据路透社报道，“公路”是宽敞的石头路。
39．答案与解析：made 非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处构成非谓语动词短语作后置定语，修饰前面的名词roadways，且make与roadways是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以空处填made。
40．答案与解析：including 介词。根据常识可知，空前的water engineering与空后的dams、irrigation canals是包含关系，所以空处填介词including。句意：此外，科学家们还发现了金字塔、球场和水利工程，包括水坝和灌溉渠。
41．答案与解析：more advanced 形容词比较级。根据空后的than可知，空处应用比较级，所以填more advanced。
42．答案与解析：civilizations 名词复数。此处考查固定表达“one of the＋最高级＋名词复数”，意为“最……的……之一”，所以空处填civilizations。句意：作为西半球最伟大的文明之一，玛雅人大约在公元前1800年首次建立了定居点。
43．答案与解析：But 连词。根据句意“人们长期以来一直认为玛雅人仍然只是狩猎采集者。然而，新发现显示，他们当时已经忙于在世界历史上创建城市了”可知，前后句之间形成了转折关系，故填But，注意首字母大写。
44．答案与解析：to farm 非谓语动词。根据句意“他们必须清理热带雨林地区来耕种并建造大型地下水库来储存雨水”可知，空处构成非谓语动词短语作目的状语，所以空处填to farm。
45．答案与解析：an 冠词。此处考查固定表达call an end to...“宣布某事物的结束或终止”。故填an。句意：然而，到了公元前900年，许多玛雅城市被遗弃，这就宣告了该帝国的终结。
第三部分 写作
第一节
参考范文：
Dear Mike，
Learning you're going to sign up for the short video competition on the theme of Amazing China, I'm writing to share my ideas with you.
If I were you, I would not hesitate to shoot a short video about China's smart agriculture. Nowadays, you can see modern farmers using cutting edge technologies and devices for agricultural production, monitoring and management. Thanks to this, the efficiency is greatly improved and the country's grain security is guaranteed. Therefore, I'm convinced that showing the enormous changes in Chinese agriculture will hold much appeal for the viewers.
May your entry stand out in the competition!
Yours，
Li Hua
第二节
参考范文：
I knew I had to do something. The white dove and its mate had given me something to look forward to, even in my darkest days. Now it was time that I came to their assistance in return. I woke up the following morning with a plan. There was only an hour before the doves usually made their visits. I hammered a shelf into the wall next to the rubber tree and covered it with leaves to make it look like a tree. Then Matthew and I stood by the sliding glass door, waiting and hoping.
“It works! The birds are back！” Matthew announced. There they were sitting on the top of the shelf, adding some twigs to the new nest despite damage from the strong wind. Three weeks later, we watched three chicks break free from their shells. “Chirp, chirp！” Matthew sang. I held him close and kissed him, feeling more positive and hopeful than I had been in months. It was then that I realized all around me, life went on. And it was filled with wonders and surprises that I couldn't even imagine.
综合模拟训练（五）
第一部分 阅读
第一节
A篇
【语篇解读】 文章介绍了畅销书《我的学校因为我领导而变得更好了吗？》的内容、作者等相关信息。
1．答案与解析：C 理解具体信息题。根据第一段的“Baruti Kafele... focused and intentional questions”和第二段的“In this book, which is one of best selling self reflection guides”可知，Kafele的新书《我的学校因为我领导而变得更好了吗？》中涉及35个具有引导性的问题。
2．答案与解析：B 理解具体信息题。根据About the author部分的“the former leader of four urban schools”“One example of his great leadership is Newark Tech...excellent”可知，Newark Tech是Kafele管理过的四所学校之一，它由一所表现差的学校变成了公众认可的学校。
3．答案与解析：A 推断题。通读全文尤其是第三段的“If you're struggling to transform your practice...the book will inspire you”“Members can get a softcover at a discount”可知，这篇文章意在为《我的学校因为我领导而变得更好了吗？》这本书打广告。
B篇
【语篇解读】 一项研究发现青少年使用社交媒体的频率与心理健康之间有很复杂的关系。
4．答案与解析：C 考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第二段中的“But the researchers, for the first time, went a step further to investigate what kind of websites made the teenagers frequenters”可知，本次研究与之前研究的不同之处在于，本次研究调查了青少年浏览社交媒体的内容，故C项正确。
5．答案与解析：B 考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第三段中的“but that frequent use... exposure of young people to harmful contents”可知，频繁地使用社交媒体会中断那些给心理健康带来积极影响的活动，故B项正确。
6．答案与解析：A 考查理解词汇的能力。根据第六段中的“might not help”和“Finding ways... psychological harm”可知，画线词所在句表达的是仅关注减少社交媒体使用的方法来改善心理健康可能是无用的，所以画线词的意思应该与A项“Measures”最为接近。
7．答案与解析：D 考查理解目的的能力。根据全文内容尤其是第一段中的主旨句“But a new study from England argues that the issue may be more complex than experts think”可知，本文旨在介绍一项新的研究结果，故D项正确。
C篇
【语篇解读】 本文主要告诉我们在生活中我们应该积极面对逆境，从中成长并帮助他人。
8．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“There are those who turn their adversity into a power for good—helping others who have suffered from a similar loss.”可知，有些身处逆境的人把他们的不幸变成一种向善的力量，从而帮助那些有相同遭遇的人。由此可知，作者建议我们在生活中遇到困难时要专注于做有益的事。
9．答案与解析：D 推理判断题。根据第三、四段内容可知，David Brooks的书《第二座山》主要讲述了主角Sarah在丈夫去世后振作起来，化悲痛为力量并热心地帮助他人的故事。因此，文章提到David Brooks的书是为了通过Sarah的故事来向我们展示如何去战胜困难。
10．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句中的“felt empowered by taking a medical test that might help others in the future”可知，作者同事的孩子患病后进行了一项可能在将来对他人有帮助的医学检验，即这个孩子想帮助别人的意愿激励着她去进行医学检验。
11．答案与解析：B 主旨大意题。文章通过举例告诉我们要积极面对逆境，通过帮助他人来让自己强大起来，Sarah Adkins和作者同事孩子的例子都说明了这一点。因此，文章强调了我们不应该忘记帮助他人。
D篇
【语篇解读】 本文介绍了一项在美国怀俄明州进行的规模庞大的恐龙化石挖掘活动。
12．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“...Jurassic Mile. It's called this because of the number of fossils from the Jurassic period...that have already been found there.”可知，这个区域之所以被叫作Jurassic Mile，是因为有许多侏罗纪时期的化石在那里被挖掘出来。
13．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“There's probably enough dinosaur material here to keep a thousand paleontologists happy for a thousand years.”可知，教授对于20年挖掘时间听起来太长的回应是，这里可能有足够多的恐龙的材料，能让一千名古生物学家高兴一千年。故对于TCMI而言，用20年的时间来探索这里是远远不够的。
14．答案与解析：B 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句的上一句“One exciting area is a rock formation called the Morrison.”可知，it指的是一个被叫作Morrison的岩层。
15．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据文章最后一句可知，古生物学家们用舔的方式辨别恐龙化石是因为恐龙化石上的物质会粘到舌头上。
第二节
【语篇解读】 大自然能帮助减轻我们的压力。新的研究表明，我们可以在参观公园时受益。
16．答案与解析：E 第一段提到新的研究表明，我们可以在参观公园时受益，下一句提到研究发现在城市公园里待20分钟就能让你更快乐，不管你是否利用这段时间锻炼身体，故E项“最棒的是，你不必去国家公园，也不必走太远的路”承上启下，符合语境。E项中的national park与下一句中的city park相呼应。
17．答案与解析：G 该段第一句提到公园游客在参观公园后情绪健康有所改善，下一句提到相反，我们发现在公园里度过的时间与情绪改善有关系，故G项“但是我们没有发现身体活动水平与改善情绪健康有关系”与上下文形成转折，符合语境。
18．答案与解析：A 上一句提到94名成年人参观了三个城市公园，完成了一份关于他们在去公园前后主观的幸福感的调查问卷，下一句提到20到25分钟的参观显示了最好的结果，参与者的幸福感提升了约64%，即使他们在公园里不怎么活动，故A项“用某种东西来追踪他们的身体活动”符合语境。A项中的physical activity与下一句中的move相呼应。
19．答案与解析：F 上一句提到20到25分钟的参观显示了最好的结果，参与者自我报告的幸福感提升了约64%，即使他们在公园里不怎么活动，故F项“这意味着人们可以从参观附近的公园中受益，无论他们的身体活动情况如何”是对上文的总结，符合语境。
20．答案与解析：C 上一句提到这项研究的研究群体的规模确实很小，下一句提到城市面临的挑战是，越来越多的证据表明城市公园的价值，但我们不断地看到这些空间的减少，故C项“然而，它的结果指出了城市公园的重要性”与上文形成转折，引出下文，符合语境。
第二部分 语言运用
第一节
【语篇解读】 作者父亲供职的公司为职工的孩子们举办了一场扔布手帕比赛。作者从此次竞赛中总结出一条经验，即为了创造性地生活，我们必须挖掘大脑中较少使用的部分，不要受固有思维模式的影响。
21．答案与解析：B 根据上文的“full of enthusiasm”可知，作者对父亲公司举办的这场比赛很有热情，因综合模拟训练(六)
第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A篇
Explore the History of Jazz and Celebrate the Lunar New Year
Here is a sample of some events for this week and how to tune in. Note that events are likely to change after publication.
■Monday
Explore the history of jazz in Washington with the musician, broadcaster and historian Ken Avis, as he discusses what made the city a capital and how the music has changed through the years. This event, presented by the Smithsonian Associates, costs $25 for members and $30 for nonmembers. Registration closes two hours before the event.
When: 6：45 p．m.
Where: smithsonianassociates.org/ticketing/tickets/music city dc
■Wednesday
Celebrate the Lunar New Year's unique food traditions in a talk from the Freer Gallery of Art and Arthur M. Sackler Gallery. Jan Stuart, the Melvin R. Seiden organizer of Chinese art, will present works from the museum's collection, and Lydia Chang of the Peter Chang restaurant empire, will share stories about her family's celebratory dishes. This event is free, and attendance is capped at 500.
When: 6 p．m.
Where: asia.si.edu/lunar new year celebration
■Saturday
Join Ensemble NYC for an evening of love songs. Featuring well known artists, the event will include pieces like Gioachino Rossini's Una voce poco fa and Mozart's Là ci darem la mano. A part of the money will be donated to West Side Campaign Against Hunger. Tickets are need based and can be purchased for as little as $10.
When: 7：30 p．m.
Where: musae.me/ensemblenyc/experience/889/canzone damore
■Sunday
Dance with your little ones while listening to a special concert from the Laurie Berkner Band. In a live performance, Ms. Berkner, a children's recording artist, will play family friendly songs, dance to animations and even introduce special guests. Tickets are $20, and give viewers access to both the 12 p．m. and 5 p．m. shows.
When: 12 p．m. or 5 p．m.
Where: live.
1．How much will you pay for the jazz event if you are not a member
A．$10. B．$20. C．$25. D．$30.
2．Where can you learn about Chinese artworks
A．live.
B.smithsonianassociates.org/ticketing/tickets/music city dc
C．asia.si.edu/lunar new year celebration
D.musae.me/ensemblenyc/experience/889/canzone damore
3．When is probably the best time for a family attendance
A．On Monday.
B．On Wednesday.
C．On Saturday.
D．On Sunday.
B篇
It's hard to turn down hamburgers, French fries, potato chips and all of the other junk food that seem to call out to us. However, eating too much junk food can harm your body, particularly if you're between the ages of 10 and 19.
“Junk food shapes adolescent brains in ways that weaken their ability to think, learn and remember. It can also make it harder to control impulsive behaviors，” said Amy Reichelt, a brain and nutrition specialist at Western University, Canada. “It may even up a teen's risk of depression and anxiety.”
Reichelt and two other researchers found adolescents are more sensitive than any other age group to processed foods with a lot of fat and sugar. Adolescent brains are still developing the ability to assess risks and control actions. The prefrontal cortex is the part of the brain that tells us we shouldn't eat chips all the time and helps us resist that urge. But this region is the last to mature—it doesn't fully develop until we are in our early 20s. Meanwhile, teen brains get more active from rewards for a while. The parts of the brain that make us feel good when we do something pleasurable are fully developed by the teen years.
In fact, these regions are even more sensitive when we are young. That's because dopamine (多巴胺), a natural chemical that lifts our mood when we experience something good, is especially active in adolescent brains. Therefore, the teen brain has two strikes against it when it comes to resisting junk food.“It has a heightened drive for rewards and reduced self regulation，” said Reichelt.
So, what's the best way to say no to junk food Researchers suggest exercise. When we exercise, the brain's reward system becomes less sensitive to food. Exercise also cause the body to make a protein that helps brain cells grow and boosts connections between the prefrontal cortex and other brain regions. The prefrontal cortex thus can work better to help us make wise decisions and control our impulses.
4．What is the main idea of the second paragraph
A．The effects of eating junk food.
B．The causes of favouring junk food.
C．The tendency of sharing junk food.
D．The benefits of avoiding junk food.
5．What is the function of the prefrontal cortex
A．It serves as the sense of taste.
B．It promotes teenagers' spirits.
C．It is partly in charge of self control.
D．It helps teenagers grow physically mature.
6．What does “it” refer to in the third paragraph
A.The prefrontal cortex.
B．The urge.
C．The adolescent brain.
D．The body.
7．Why it is hard for teens to give up junk food
A．Junk food is delicious and nutritious.
B．Junk food is popular among young people.
C．Teenagers don't realize the harm of junk food.
D．Teenagers can feel temporary excitement from junk food.
C篇
When someone pulls on a virtual reality (VR) headset (头戴式耳机), they're ready to dive into a virtual world. They might be hanging out in VRChat or playing in Beat Saber. Regardless, interacting with that world usually involves hand controllers. But the new virtual reality technology uses facial expressions which allow users to interact with the virtual environment.
This setup could make virtual worlds more accessible to people who can't use their hands, says Arindam Dey, who studies human computer interaction at the University of Queensland in Australia. Other similar VR technology has let people move through virtual worlds by using treadmills (跑步机) and eye trackers. But not all people can walk on a treadmill. And most people find it a challenge to stare at one spot long. Simply making faces may be an easier way for those who're disabled to navigate VR.
In the researchers' new system, VR users wear a cap loaded with sensors. Those sensors record brain activity, and can also pick up facial movements that signal certain expressions. Facial data can then be used to control the user's movement through a virtual world.
Dey's team designed three virtual environments for users to explore. An environment called “happy” required participants to catch butterflies with a virtual net. “Neutral” had them picking up items in a workshop. In the “scary” one, they had to shoot zombies (僵尸). These environments allowed the researchers to see whether situations designed to cause certain emotions affected someone's ability to control VR through expressions.
Eighteen young adults tested out the technology. Using facial expressions made participants feel more realistic inside the virtual worlds. Recordings showed that the brains of people using facial expressions were working harder than those who used hand controllers. But that could just be because these people were learning a new way to interact in VR. Importantly, the virtual settings didn't affect someone's ability to control their VR using facial expressions.
The researchers are planning more tests and improvements. For instance, Dey hopes to test the technology on disabled people. He also plans to explore ways to make interacting through facial expressions easier.
8．What is special about the new VR technology
A．It depends on users' facial expressions.
B．It improves most users' control ability.
C．It will make the hand controllers out of date.
D．It provides more interesting applications.
9．Why did Dey's team design the three virtual environments
A．To cause different emotions in users.
B．To figure out an effective way to navigate VR.
C．To make VR games more attractive to users.
D．To find out whether emotions affect the performance of the new VR technology.
10．What can we learn from Paragraph 5
A．Not many people were interested in the test.
B．Users should keep calm when controlling VR.
C．Users can get a better experience through the new VR technology.
D．Using facial expressions to control VR is harder than using hand controllers.
11．Where is the text most likely from
A．A research paper.
B．A science magazine.
C．A VR advertisement.
D．A travel brochure.
D篇
Research has found that workplaces where employees have more opportunities to offer suggestions for improvement are more likely to produce and use innovative (创新的) solutions to problems. Considering these benefits, psychologists have begun to investigate the factors that encourage “team voice.”
A recent study published by an international group of researchers in the Journal of Organizational Behavior found two particular qualities that helped managers build more communicative environments: gratitude and humility (谦逊).
This study was conducted in China with 50 different companies, including about 300 employees, 75 managers, and 50 executives. The researchers surveyed each level in the organization, asking employees about their manager's humility and levels of team voice at work, asking the managers about how much gratitude they experienced in their daily lives, and asking executives how innovative each manager's team was.
Based on surveys collected over eight weeks, the researchers found that managers who experienced more gratitude were more likely to act with humility. Employees reported that more grateful managers were more likely to seek feedback and admit when they didn't know something or another employee knew better. In turn, when managers acted with more humility, their employees reported higher levels of team voice: a working environment where employees made more recommendations and were more vocal (直言不讳的) about their opinions. Also, executives rated the teams of grateful managers as more innovative.
Now that humility and gratitude can help us be better leaders and team members, how do we cultivate them Try writing down the things—big and small—that you are thankful for throughout the week. On the job, one approach is to express gratitude not only for the work people do, but for who they are.
When cultivating humility, do remember that humility isn't the same as self doubt. For example, research suggests that in an educational context the most effective leaders achieve this balance by having appropriate confidence in their beliefs while remaining open to the input of others and the possibility that they are mistaken.
12．What inspired the researchers to conduct the study
A．The feedback of many employees.
B．The benefits of gratitude and humility.
C．The demand for a better workplace.
D．The advantages of an open working environment.
13．In the study, who did the researchers focus on
A．Employers.
B．Employees.
C．Managers.
D．Executives.
14．What directly led to higher levels of team voice
A．Managers with more humility.
B．Employees behaving actively.
C．Employees respecting their leaders.
D．Managers experiencing more gratitude.
15．What might be the best title for the text
A．Two Features of Better Working Environments
B．The Methods of Making Your Team More Communicative
C．Factors Responsible for the Innovative Management
D．Ways to Develop Humility and Gratitude in Managers
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Some parents manage to guide their kids through homework moments with ease. __16__ However, the large majority of us are trying to avoid our own breakdowns in the face of our children's homework.
While blaming your children for not having started their homework earlier may be your natural instinct (本能), it will only make them shut down or yell at you. Children who feel terrible about procrastinating (拖延) are more likely to have anxiety and negative feelings that will only fuel their continued procrastination. So take a deep breath to calm down. __17__ There are all kinds of reasons why kids avoid doing their homework. Maybe they're concerned about what a teacher will think. __18__ Maybe they're distracted by something that happened in school that day.
Once you figure out what's driving your children's procrastination, you can strategize with them. Start by removing temptations when possible. __19__ And emphasize that short term pleasure equals long term pain. Then remind them that the immediate instinct to procrastinate and play video games will make life miserable later.
__20__ If kids don't understand why they're doing the work, they're more likely to be frustrated. For example, your child might ask, “Why do I need to know algebra I'll never use it when I'm older.” You can tell the truth, “You probably won't need to know about variables in everyday life, but learning algebra will give you a framework for understanding how to break down and solve complex tasks.”
So when your kids are overwhelmed, help them figure out why, and then model strategies that foster independence, confidence, and well being.
A．Easier said than done.
B．Others choose to hire tutors.
C．Working independently is key to avoiding it.
D．Finally, explain the importance of the assignment.
E．All possible barriers to success should be removed.
F．Or they are worried their work won't measure up to a friend's.
G．And try to figure out how to help them manage the tasks at hand.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I was a perfectionist with high standards. I cared about everything I did and always did my best. I __21__ good grades at school to my perfectionism. After I graduated, I did well at my job!
But then I started to notice I actually was not a trier (很努力的人) but a quitter. I abandoned anything I wasn't __22__ good at. Each time I made a __23__ , no matter how small, I dropped that task or interest. I was so afraid of __24__ ; I wasn't even trying anymore.
One day I was heading out to meet a friend, and she was running late. I found myself waiting for her outside a shopping center when I __25__an art supply store. Before I could __26__ myself, I bought a tiny set of paints, some paper and brushes.
I headed home full of __27__，opened them up, and started painting. The __28__ were really bad. __29__，I pushed everything into a drawer and decided to forget the __30__. But then a strange thing happened—I kept __31__ being a quitter. So I got the paints back out and started again. I was still terrible at painting, but my __32__ this time wasn't declining. I decided to share my progress on social media!
Now, three years later, I paint almost every day and have __33__ my own art business. I regularly fail but never quit. Even better, I'm __34__ trying new subjects and other media. Because I'm no longer aiming for perfection, I'm simply enjoying the __35__ . So I'm much happier now.
21．A.supplied B．owed C．devoted D．preferred
22．A.immediately B．extremely C．generally D．particularly
23．A.decision B．difference C．mistake D．schedule
24．A.suffering B．failing C．declining D．struggling
25．A.left B．imagined C．caught D．spotted
26．A.stop B．encourage C．manage D．express
27．A.emotions B．doubts C．expectations D．requirements
28．A.conditions B．results C．situations D．obstacles
29．A.Exhausted B．Frightened C．Embarrassed D．Frustrated
30．A.idea B．plan C．task D．experience
31．A.caring for B．hearing about C．apologizing for D．thinking about
32．A.fear B．patience C．motivation D．confusion
33．A.established B．exchanged C．advertised D．transformed
34．A.occasionally B．constantly C．rarely D．eventually
35．A.recognition B．space C．achievement D．process
[答题区]
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
答案
题号 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35
答案
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In Chinese, a scallion pancake is called cong you bing. Chinese people love to make these crispy treats from time to time. Scallions are also known as green onions. 36.________ (essential), a scallion pancake is a type of flatbread that has been folded over several times and grilled or fried in oil and 37.________ (mix) with a generous helping of these green onions.
To cook a Chinese scallion pancake 38.________ (be) easy. Start by scattering the scallions into the dough (面团). Next, you need to add the oil. Instead of dropping the dough into the oil, you should use the cooking oil 39.________ (coat) it. Then, it's time to fry it. You'll know it's ready when it turns 40.________ (gold) brown but is still tender. Once your scallion pancakes are ready, you can serve them when they're still hot and fresh, 41.________ let them cool off first. Either way, you can cut them into pizza shaped slices and share them with your friends by eating the slices 42.________ your hands.
In fact, the taste of the Chinese scallion pancakes is so good that many Chinese students who go abroad still crave the food. These pancakes actually serve as 43.________ emotional bridge that helps keep the memory of the parents 44.________ often make them. One of the students says, “It's so simple when you think about it. Flour, scallions, salt, oil and that's about it. But from that simple thing, the layers show the thoughtful love of our parents. The 45.________ (tradition) are in our minds and in our hearts, and sometimes that is better enough than any gold and silver jewelry.”
[答题区]
36．____________ 37.____________ 38.____________ 39.____________ 40.____________41．____________ 42.____________ 43.____________ 44.____________ 45.____________
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
假定你是李华，是“中华文化之旅”研学(Chinese Culture Study Tour)活动中心的志愿者。你校交换生Chris对该活动很感兴趣，来信询问相关情况。请你给他写一封回信，内容包括：
1.活动目的；
2.活动安排和内容。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
第二节 (满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My school had a tradition during the ninth grade graduation: a beautiful gold and green jacket (the school colors), was awarded to the student who had maintained the highest grades for nine years.
I had been a straight A student since first grade and had looked forward very much to owning that jacket. My father was a farm laborer who couldn't earn enough money to feed five children, so I was given to my grandparents to raise. There would never be a school sports jacket for me because we couldn't afford it. This scholarship jacket was my only chance.
One day in May, I happened to overhear Mr.Schmidt, my history teacher, and Mr. Boone, my math teacher arguing about me. “I refuse to do it! I don't care who her father is; her grades can't match Martha's at all. I won't lie or falsify (伪造) records，” said Mr. Schmidt angrily.
But Mr. Boone's voice sounded calm. “Joann's father is on the board (董事会), and he also owns the only store in town. We could say it was a close tie and...”
The pounding in my ears drowned out the rest of the words, only few words here and there filtering through. “...Martha is Mexican...resign...won't do it...”
To this day I don't remember how I made it through the rest of the afternoon. That night, I cried into my pillow so Grandmother wouldn't hear me.
The next day the principal called me into his office. “Martha，” he said, “there's been a change in policy this year regarding the scholarship jacket. This year the board has decided to charge fifteen dollars, which still won't cover the complete cost of the jacket. So if you are unable to pay the money for the jacket, it will be given to the next one in line for it.”
Standing with all the dignity I could find, I said, “I'll speak to my grandfather about it, sir, and let you know tomorrow.” That day, I cried sadly on the walk home.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
By the time I got home, my eyes were red and swollen. I found my grandpa in the bean field.________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
I dragged into the principal's office the next day, sad and disappointed.________________
________________________________________________________________________
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________________________________________________________________________Part Ⅳ 综合模拟训练
综合模拟训练(一)
综合模拟训练(二)
综合模拟训练(三)
综合模拟训练(四)
综合模拟训练(五)
综合模拟训练(六)综合模拟训练(四)
第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A篇
[2023·北京卷，A]The International Olympic Committee (IOC) Young Leaders programme empowers talents to make a positive difference in their communities through sport. Twenty five Young Leaders are being selected every two years for a four year period. They promote the Olympic values, spreading the message of sport for good.
To be an IOC Young Leader, you need to first complete the 4 Week Learning Sprint (冲刺).
4 Week Learning Sprint
The 4 Week Learning Sprint, which will take place during November 2023, is a virtual learning programme. The sessions can be attended live or watched back after they are made available on the IOC channel. Each week, participants will be asked to complete a topic specific reflection task.
The 4 Week Learning Sprint is open to anyone, with the target audience aged between 20 and 28.
After successfully completing the 4 Week Learning Sprint, you will need to submit a plan for a sport based project, which you will work on if selected as an IOC Young Leader.
Requirements for the Applicants
·You have successfully completed the 4 Week Learning Sprint.
·You have completed your high school studies.
·You have at least one year of work experience.
·You have strong public speaking skills.
·You are self motivated and committed.
·You are passionate about creating positive change in your community.
·You are open to being coached and advised by experts and peers (同伴).
·You are able to work with people from different backgrounds.
1．In the 4 Week Learning Sprint, participants will ________．
A．create change in their community
B．attend a virtual learning programme
C．meet people from different backgrounds
D．promote the IOC Young Leaders project
2．If selected as an IOC Young Leader, one will need to ________．
A．complete a reflection task each week
B．watch sports on the IOC channel
C．work on a sport based project
D．coach and advise their peers
3．Which is a requirement for the applicants
A．Spreading the message of sport for good.
B．Having at least one year work experience.
C．Showing great passion for project planning.
D．Committing themselves to becoming an expert.
B篇
It was a long weekend in May 2018 and my partner Gabe Rosescu, and I were taking a road trip to go to Nelson, British Columbia and spend some time with our friends. We are both adventurous, and we couldn't wait to go hiking and exploring. It was our first trip together.
At around 5：30 p. m. on Thursday, May 17, we were driving about 9 miles west of Creston, on a steep mountain road known as the Crowsnest Highway. I was texting updates to my family and enjoying the view. We weren't aware that there'd recently been flooding in the area. When I looked up from my phone, I saw a wave of mud and a huge tree coming down the mountain, right in front of Gabe's car. He tried to stop, but it was too late. The mudslide sent our car falling nearly 300 meters down a rocky cliff (悬崖) and our car landed on its side among some trees.
I didn't know how long we were unconscious. But the body was amazing, and somehow we were both able to crawl (爬) out of the crashed car. We couldn't get a signal on our cell phones, so all we could think to do was shout for help. After just a few minutes, we heard someone call back. Four passers by spotted us and came to our rescue. When the emergency medical technicians finally got to our side, they loaded us into separate ambulances. I was in the hospital for a week and a half, but they kept Cabe for six weeks. I was told I would walk with a limp (跛行) for the rest of my life; Gabe permanently lost the vision in his left eye.
Before this all happened, we were happy go lucky people. We're even more sanguine now. We look at everything differently. Despite the injuries we suffered, we're grateful that we're still living a pretty good life. The experience also bonded us more. We still go on road trips.
4．Why did the author and Gabe go to Nelson
A．To go sightseeing.
B．To visit their friends.
C．To join in a road trip.
D. To look for adventure.
5．What is the second paragraph mainly about
A．How the trip was planned.
B．Which roads were kept to.
C．How the accident happened.
D．What could be seen on the way.
6．What can we learn about the author and Cabe
A．They both lost their phones.
B．They were both seriously injured.
C．They tried their best to keep conscious.
D．They were sent to hospital by passers by.
7．Which of the following can best explain the underlined word “sanguine” in Paragraph 4
A．Optimistic.
B．Fortunate.
C．Adventurous.
D．Carefree.
C篇
New York State's Office for the Aging (NYSOFA), in charge of managing housing, transportation and health programs for the elderly, has purchased over 800 robots to act as companions for older adults. The robot, ElliQ, was created by Intuition Robotics specifically for adults ages 65 and older that live alone.
ElliQ, a tabletop device that seems a virtual assistant like Siri, can make small talk, answer questions, remind users to take medication, help contact friends and family, initiate (发起) conversation and help with other daily activities. “We became interested in ElliQ because it's a proactive tool, remembers the interactions with the individual, focuses on health and wellness, stress reduction, sleep, etc. ，” says NYSOFA director Greg Olsen.
In 2017, the US Surgeon General called social isolation (孤独) an “epidemic”， according to a statement from NYSOFA, and the COVID 19 pandemic has only made it worse. Loneliness can cause numerous negative health effects, including depression, poor sleep quality, worsened executive function, accelerated cognitive decline, and injured immunity at every stage of life，” wrote Amy Novotney for the American Psychological Association (APA) in 2019. It can increase health risks to the same extent that smoking 15 cigarettes a day or having alcohol use disorder does, according to the APA.
A 2018 study in The Gerontologist suggested that robots could reduce loneliness and stress and improve engagement and interaction. “When we started creating ElliQ, we had one goal in mind—to help our aging population live a healthy, happy, and independent life in their homes，” said Intuition Robotics CEO Dor Skuler.
Using robots to help care for older adults isn't without controversy (争议), reported The Verge. A paper published in Ethics and Information Technology calls social robots “deceptive，” and states there's a risk of users neglecting human relationships in favor of their relationship with the robot.
“We aren't trying to replace human beings with any artificial intelligence，” said Olsen. “We live in a technological world, and we're learning not only what's available but how to use this stuff to really enhance our life. Not to replace things, but for our overall health and well being. That's just the future.”
8．What does the second paragraph mainly talk about
A．The design of the robot.
B．The functions of the robot.
C．The popularity of the robot.
D．The working principle of the robot.
9．Why does the author mention Amy Novotney's words and the 2018 study
A．To give the reasons for creating ElliQ.
B．To show the growing needs for robots.
C．To predict the promising future of ElliQ.
D．To highlight the health benefits of robots.
10．What does the underlined word “deceptive” mean in Paragraph 5
A．Abnormal.
B．Uncommon.
C．Uncaring.
D．Misleading.
11．What can we infer about Olsen
A．He is annoyed by the controversy.
B．He wants to improve human interactions.
C．He is a determined man with ambitions.
D．He will help people learn modern technology.
D篇
As my head moved up and down on the Zoom screen, private messages poured in from my colleagues: “What are you doing there？” “Are you sitting on a ball？” “Are you walking？” I could feel their eyes on me—inquiring, interested, confused. Clearly, this wasn't a normal faculty meeting. I replied I was walking on my new under desk treadmill (跑步机).
I didn't have to worry about workday inactivity earlier in my career. As a graduate student and postdoc, I went on frequent field excursions (短途出行) to collect soil samples in remote places. The fieldwork was physically challenging, a contrast to the lab tasks and desk work that were also part of my job. But when I became a professor, fieldwork became rare.
During the pandemic the situation grew worse. My schedule filled up with online meetings and seminars. And I “traveled” to them without leaving my desk. Although I had the luxury of a height adjustable desk, which gave me the option to stand, I still felt unbalanced, and I began to experience back pain.
At home, I'd occasionally tried to work on my wife's treadmill, which I'd repurposed (改变……的用途) by putting a wooden board across the handles and my laptop on top. I thought that might be just what I needed in my campus office, so I bought a treadmill designed to go under a desk. I decided to spend my entire workday on the treadmill. It took me several days to adjust, but I eventually could type and speak while walking.
When I'm at my desk, I spend nearly all of my working hours in motion. In the first couple of weeks, I was a bit exhausted when I got home at night. But over time, I developed more endurance. My back pain disappeared and I came to enjoy the time at my desk.
Except for one person who felt distracted by my movements on Zoom, most of the scientists I work with have sent me comforting feedback. Some have even bought treadmills of their own. That has convinced me that: There're always ways to stay active!
12．Which of the following may worsen the author's inactivity
A．Remote working.
B．Frequent meetings.
C．Older age.
D．The decreased demand for soil samples.
13．What inspired the author to buy an under desk treadmill
A．His wife's practical proposal.
B．His sufferings during the pandemic.
C．The problem with his wife's treadmill.
D．A good experience in using his wife's treadmill.
14．Which of the following best describes the author's most colleagues
A．Demanding. B．Uncaring. C．Understanding. D．Independent.
15．What can we infer about the author
A．He misses his schooldays.
B．He likes field excursions very much.
C．He will always try to keep active.
D．He feels tired when working on his treadmill.
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Getting Your Kids to Have an Appetite for Sport
Being active and moving is so important a thing for all of us, especially for children. __16__ However, some parents feel upset when they see their child doesn't show interest in sport. So how can you encourage them to have a go
It is such a good idea to lead by example as a parent. This is true for a variety of aspects, especially when children are unwilling to get involved in sport. __17__ So you need to be someone who is interested and active, if you want any hope of them doing so too. If you lie on the couch all day then they will just learn to do that too.
__18__ While they can choose who they want to support, seeing your enthusiasm for a particular player or team can be just what is needed to start their journey. You can look for a team uniform store to get them a sport shirt with their name on for example, as well as see the team play one of their games. __19__
If something is dull, it will be hard for children to be enthusiastic about it. This will make them turn their backs on it, which is not a good thing for later life. If they show particular skill and learn to play sport, then more practice and training can come in. __20__ When they can enjoy what they do, they will only see it as something fun to do, rather than what we as adults might see it as, such as a chore to burn calories.
Whatever sport your children choose to play, encourage them and make it fun, and then it will be something that they will want to carry on doing as they go about the rest of their lives.
A．They won't be interested in sport if you're not.
B．Share your enthusiasm and it will help to fuel a passion.
C．Here are some other tips that you would share with them.
D．So think about ways that can get them to be active in the sport.
E．How active a child is will impact his overall health and learning.
F．Apart from leading by example, you could also share your favorite team.
G．However, the main message of involving children in sport is to keep it fun.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
For a little girl growing up in Colombia in the 1980s, a science career with NASA(美国国家航空航天局) may have seemed like a farfetched dream. __21__ , Diana Trujillo makes it, and she is an __22__ now, leading a 45 person team that's responsible for the robotic arm of the latest Mars rover (探测器).
Born in 1983, even as a young girl, Diana was certain of her passion for science. When she was 17, her dad offered to send her to Miami, Florida to study Aerospace Engineering. Without any __23__ , she followed her dad's __24__. Arriving in the US with just $300, Diana had to __25__ through school by doing a series of housekeeping jobs. The __26__ was definitely not easy, but Diana never complained.
Then came another __27__ moment for Diana. One of her professors casually mentioned an astronaut they knew. __28__ she was “just one person away from __29__ an astronaut” was all it took to inspire Diana's career goals. So she __30__ her studies in space science and __31__ became the first Hispanic (拉美裔) woman to be admitted to the NASA Academy in 2007. Since then, Diana has worn many hats at America's space agency.
But Diana hasn't __32__ there. She also leads by example, __33__ women to pursue careers in STEM fields. Her own story is a __34__ that just beyond that barrier lies an entire universe of opportunities waiting for anyone willing to work hard enough to __35__ the stars.
21．A.Therefore B．Instead C．However D．Moreover
22．A.astronaut B．engineer C．agent D．operator
23．A.hesitation B．caution C．expectation D．regret
24．A.command B．footstep C．request D．suggestion
25．A.navigate B．pass C．struggle D．push
26．A.mission B．occupation C．adventure D．journey
27．A.risk taking B．life changing C．long suffering D．ever lasting
28．A.Realizing B．Remembering C．Imagining D．Assuming
29．A.serving B．training C．knowing D．becoming
30.A.started B．abandoned C．suspended D．continued
31.A.immediately B．eventually C．gradually D．suddenly
32.A.left B．succeeded C．stopped D．returned
33．A.encouraging B．inviting C．allowing D．persuading
34．A.symbol B．notice C．warning D．reminder
35．A.stare at B．reach for C．long for D．come across
[答题区]
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
答案
题号 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35
答案
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Deep in the jungle, the Maya built an empire. And now, scientists are unlocking more secrets about this ancient civilization with the discovery of 417 cities 36.________ (date) back to 2，000 years ago, said The Washington Post.
The cities 37.________ (find) to be connected by 110 miles (about 177 kilometers) of “highways” in May, which consisted of the “world's first ever extensive system of highways”. The “highways”， 38.________ Reuters reported, were spacious roadways 39.________ (make) in stone. Plus, scientists also found pyramids, ball game courts and water engineering, 40.________ (include) dams and irrigation canals.
The Maya civilization was “far 41.________ (advanced) than we thought”， noted The Washington Post. As one of the greatest 42.________ (civilization) of the Western Hemisphere, the Maya first established settlements around 1800 BCE. Their empire spanned parts of Mexico and several countries in Central America, noted the website HISTORY Channel. People long believed that the Maya were still just hunter gatherers. 43.________ the new findings showed that they were already busy creating cities in world history at the time. They did all this in a jungle environment, which is rare and impressive. They had to clear rainforest areas 44.________ (farm) and built large underground reservoirs to store rainwater. However, by 900 BCE, many Maya cities were abandoned, calling 45.________ end to the empire.
[答题区]
36．____________ 37.____________ 38.____________ 39.____________ 40.____________41．____________ 42.____________ 43.____________ 44.____________ 45.____________
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
假定你是李华，你校交换生Mike准备参加“厉害了，中国”(Amazing China)短视频大赛，特发邮件向你征询视频创意。请给他回一封电子邮件，内容包括：
1．提出建议；
2．阐明理由；
3．表达祝愿。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Dear Mike，
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
第二节 (满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
At the table sat my four year old son Matthew, legs swinging in the air and chin in hand. I stared aimlessly out of the window, trying to ignore the ache in my belly. “Mama, can you play with me？” “Not today, honey，” I shook my head. Still recovering from an operation, I could barely get out of bed these days. I hoped for strength and happiness. But the future seemed so hopeless.
All of a sudden, Matthew jumped up from his spot on the kitchen floor. “Bird！” he shouted, rushing to our courtyard. Sure enough, there was a white dove seated in a rubber tree. It sat there for a few moments, and then flew away. Strange, I'd never seen one in our neighborhood before.
When I dragged myself to the kitchen the next morning, the dove was back, this time with a mate carrying twigs. “Look, Matthew，” I said, pointing to the tree. “They're going to make a nest.” The doves flew in and out of the courtyard all week, building on top of the rubber tree.
Matthew could hardly contain his excitement. Every morning, he'd run into the kitchen and take his spot by the sliding glass door, talking to the birds while they worked. His enthusiasm was influential. As much as I was grieving, I couldn't help but look forward to the doves' visits as well.
Then it all went wrong. The courtyard was a spot safe enough for a nest, but the rubber tree's broad, thin leaves were far from stable. One night, a strong wind blew, throwing the doves' nest to the ground. I heard the twigs break apart.
I surveyed the damage. Nothing good ever lasts. I wouldn't blame the doves if they never came back. But they returned. And they paid no attention to the pile of sticks that had once been their nest. They started again from scratch. Again, though, the wind destroyed all their hard work. The next day, and the next, they renewed their efforts, as if nothing had happened.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
I knew I had to do something._______________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
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“It works! The birds are back！” Matthew announced.__________________________
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________________________________________________________________________Part Ⅳ 综合模拟训练
综合模拟训练(一)
第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A篇
[2024·九省联考，阅读A]
Yellowstone Poster Exhibition to Be on View at UW's Coe Library
A first of its kind exhibition that focuses on the history of Yellowstone National Park posters will be on display at the University of Wyoming's Coe Library beginning Tuesday, February 1.
“Wonderland Illustrated” will present posters and poster style illustrations of the park spanning from the 1870s through 2022. The exhibition will be located on Level 3 of Coe Library. It will be on view through Tuesday, May 31.
The exhibition takes place at the same time as this year's 150th anniversary of the creation of Yellowstone National Park. The posters in the exhibition serve the purpose of both advertising and art.
“We're thrilled to be working with Yellowstone collectors Jack and Susan Davís, and Larry and Thea Lancaster to bring this exhibition to the University of Wyoming as part of year long celebrations recognizing Yellowstone's 150th anniversary，” says Tamsen Hert, head of UW Libraries' Emmett D. Chisum Special Collections. “This exhibition involves the history of printing, art, photography and advertising over 16 decades. The images reproduced are found on travel brochures, postcards and maps—many of which are held in our collections.”
One poster from the exhibition—Henry Wellge's “Yellowstone National Park” from 1904—was recently purchased with donated funds and is now part of UW Libraries' Emmett D．Chisum Special Collections. Wellge, a productive bird's eye view artist, designed the piece for the Northern Pacific Railroad, which used it to advertise the park. This is a unique piece, as posters such as this one were printed on soft paper and very few have survived.
1．How long will the exhibition “Wonderland Illustrated” last
A．Two weeks.
B．Three months.
C．Four months.
D．One year.
2．What is a purpose of the exhibition
A．To remember a famous artist.
B．To raise fund for Coe Library.
C．To mark the anniversary of a national park.
D.To tell the history of the University of Wyoming.
3．What do we know about the 1904 poster Henry Wellge designed
A．It is rare in the world.
B．It is in black and white.
C．It is printed on cloth.
D．It is owned by a professor.
B篇
[2023·北京卷，B]Sitting in the garden for my friend's birthday, I felt a buzz (振动) in my pocket. My heart raced when I saw the email sender's name. The email started off: “Dear Mr Green, thank you for your interest” and “The review process took longer than expected.” It ended with “We are sorry to inform you...” and my vision blurred (模糊). The position—measuring soil quality in the Sahara Desert as part of an undergraduate research programme—had felt like the answer I had spent years looking for. I had put so much time and emotional energy into applying, and I thought the rejection meant the end of the road for my science career.
So I was shocked when, not long after the email, Professor Mary Devon, who was running the programme, invited me to observe the work being done in her lab. I jumped at the chance, and a few weeks later I was equally shocked—and overjoyed—when she invited me to talk with her about potential projects I could pursue in her lab. What she proposed didn't seem as exciting as the original project I had applied to, but I was going to give it my all.
I found myself working with a robotics professor on techniques for collecting data from the desert remotely. That project, which I could complete from my sofa instead of in the burning heat of the desert, not only survived the lockdown but worked where traditional methods didn't. In the end, I had a new scientific interest to pursue.
When I applied to graduate school, I found three programmes promising to allow me to follow my desired research direction. And I applied with the same anxious excitement as before. When I was rejected from one that had seemed like a perfect fit, it was undoubtedly difficult. But this time I had the perspective (视角) to keep it from sending me into panic. It helped that in the end I was accepted into one of the other programmes I was also excited about.
Rather than setting plans in stone, I've learned that sometimes I need to take the opportunities that are offered, even if they don't sound perfect at the time, and make the most of them.
4．How did the author feel upon seeing the email sender's name
A．Anxious. B．Angry. C．Surprised. D．Settled.
5．After talking with Professor Devon, the author decided to ________．
A．criticise the review process
B．stay longer in the Sahara Desert
C．apply to the original project again
D．put his heart and soul into the lab work
6．According to the author, the project with the robotics professor was ________．
A．demanding B．inspiring C．misleading D．amusing
7．What can we learn from this passage
A．An invitation is a reputation.
B．An innovation is a resolution.
C．A rejection can be a redirection.
D．A reflection can be a restriction.
C篇
Road trips continue their popularity as the holidays approach, and one company is making hotel stays cheaper if you drive farther. ARRIVE Hotels is offering a challenge to road trippers that visit all five of its hotels. The company will lower its rates for guests who visit more of its hotels. This type of creative promotion could be a pioneer of other efforts by hotel companies large and small.
The “Road to Arrive” challenge includes ARRIVE Hotels located in Palm Springs, California all the way to Wilmington, North Carolina and through the cities of Phoenix, Austin, and Memphis. To participate, guests should send an email to roadtrip@ to enter the road trip challenge after their first stay. Once people have made one stay, ARRIVE Hotels will discount their second stay by 25 percent. Rates for the third stay will be cut by half while the fourth stay drops by 75 percent. If guests visit four of the company's five hotels, they will receive a free night at the company's newest hotel, ARRIVE Phoenix.
The promotion has proven popular, according to the company. Each of its hotels is quite unique in design. The Wilmington Hotel is an adaptive reuse of a historic building while the Palm Springs, the company's first, features large outdoor space with a swimming pool.
The company's founders Chris Pardo and Peter Karpinski met while working with the luxury hotel Four Seasons Hotels & Resorts. Their experience together led to creating a new company that combined their love for design and great food. ARRIVE will open its sixth hotel in Albuquerque in 2022.
Even if these cities aren't exactly within your reach, there are plenty of online resources that can help. For example, Shell's StateEscape provides road trip suggestions, many of which are related to ARRIVE's five cities. If you need somewhere to stay on a road trip, discounts like these could be hard to beat.
8．What does the “Road to Arrive” challenge encourage travelers to do
A．Support small hotels.
B．Make more hotel stays.
C．Compare different hotels.
D．Be cautious about budgeting.
9．What marks one's success in entering the “Road to Arrive” challenge
A．The email after the first stay.
B．The stay at ARRIVE Phoenix.
C．The arrival at the first ARRIVE hotel.
D．The discount one gets during the last stay.
10．Which of the following takes advantage of a historic building
A．The Palm Springs.
B．The ARRIVE Phoenix.
C．The Wilmington Hotel.
D．The Four Seasons Hotels & Resorts.
11．What is the best title for the text
A．New Challenges of Road Trips
B．Road Trips Win Widespread Popularity
C．The Costs of Road Trips Decrease Much
D．ARRIVE Hotels Get Cheaper If You Drive Farther
D篇
Some older women in South Africa are fighting against the effects of aging with boxing exercises. They call themselves the grannies. They belong to a boxing group near the South African city, Johannesburg. The 75 to 80 year old women are fighting the pains of aging while keeping their bodies fit. Mariam Barie is one of the boxing grannies.
“The advice I give to other grannies is that they should leave the old way of telling themselves that they are old, and that they should try their best. You being a granny doesn't mean you need to burden yourself with that word ‘granny’. You need to wake yourself up and show that you are a granny with life，” she said.
The group started five years ago with a special, aerobic (有氧的) exercise training program. Nqobile Khumalo is one of the boxing trainers.
“When we were doing boxing exercises, they saw my gloves. And then they just tried them on. Since then, they have never stopped，” said Nqobile.
Boxer Constance Guban seems to have turned back time. “I feel young. I feel like I'm 16, but my age is 80，” she said.
Boxing is more than just good exercise for at least one of the grannies. Germina Maluleka learned recently that she had cancer. She said boxing gave her new hope for the future.
“The gym has helped me through my illness. When I was starting out, I had a problem with my feet. I used to have swollen feet. Since going to the gym, I don't have that problem any more. I never used to have a problem with my legs, because the gym helped me a lot.”
The trainers say the grannies are inspiring a younger generation to get fit at an earlier age.
12．What does Mariam Barie advise other grannies to do
A．Realize their situations.
B．Take part in as many activities as the young.
C．Keep away from junk food.
D．Keep alive and keep trying.
13．Why did the grannies learn boxing at first
A．To fight against aging.
B．Out of curiosity.
C．To fight against illnesses.
D．Out of boredom.
14．What do we know about Germina Maluleka
A．Boxing cured her illness.
B．She liked boxing when young.
C．She benefited from boxing.
D．Her legs used to be swollen.
15．Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A．How to Fight Against Aging
B．How to Be a Boxing Trainer
C．Boxing Is Good for Old Women's Health
D．Some Grannies Are Boxing to Fight Against Aging
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Up in the Air—A History of Ballooning
The first kind of air transportation was the ballooning. People traveled by balloon one hundred years before there were planes or jet aircraft. Those early days of ballooning were exciting, but they were also risky. __16__ However, the danger did not stop the balloonists.
The first real balloon flight was in France in 1783. Two French brothers made a balloon. __17__ Hot air is lighter than cold air, so it goes up. The hot air balloon went up 1，000 feet in the sky.
__18__ They built a fire under the balloon to make the air hot. This made the ballon stay up in the air for a few hours. But their balloon was tied to the ground. So it could not go anywhere.
Soon balloonists tried longer flights. In 1785, an American and a Frenchman flew over the English Channel. They left England on a cold, clear January day. Halfway across, their balloon began to drop toward the water. They threw out some equipment and food to make the balloon lighter. The balloon continued to fall, so they threw out almost everything in the basket—even some of their clothes. __19__
During the nineteenth century, ballooning became a popular sport and balloons were also used by scientists to study the air and by armies in war time. After the airplane was invented, however, interest in balloons decreased dramatically. But some people today still like to go up in balloons. __20__ What's more, they have a wonderful view of the world below.
A．They filled a very large paper bag with hot air.
B．High up in the balloon basket, they find quiet.
C．Sometimes the balloons fell suddenly and sometimes they burned.
D．Back then, few people understood how they were able to fly so far.
E．Finally, after about three hours, they landed in France, cold but safe.
F．Balloon races and displays remain popular all over the world to this very day.
G．Later that same year, two other Frenchmen rose up in a basket under a balloon.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The amount and scale (规模) of environmental issues may seem too much for ordinary people. But with hard work and determination, anyone can __21__ great things.
One such person is Yin Yuzhen. At a young age, Yin moved to Inner Mongolia to live with her husband in the desert. She felt __22__. To cheer herself up and improve the __23__ environment, Yin began planting trees to take __24__ back from the desert. “I would rather die of __25__ from fighting the sand than be buried by it！” she said. The couple had to travel on foot, doing __26__ by hand. At first, many trees did not survive, __27__ over the years, she learnt from her __28__， discovering the best plants and methods to use to successfully plant a __29__ in the desert. Over more than three decades, they have planted over 300，000 trees. It has been said of Yin：“She is a symbol of courage, patience, and __30__. Her work in greening the desert deserves universal __31__．”
It is without any doubt __32__ to see a clear example of how the problem of desertification can be dealt with. __33__ may seem small and insignificant, yet over time they __34__ together to become great achievements. A journey of 1，000 miles begins with a single step and the will to __35__. Take your first step. Plant your first tree.
21．A.turn B．store C．achieve D．promise
22．A.lonely B．sorry C．free D．well
23．A.friendly B．changing C．protected D．tough
24．A.air B．land C．food D．energy
25．A.sickness B．emptiness C．tiredness D．sadness
26．A.everything B．something C．nothing D．anything
27．A.or B．and C．so D．but
28．A.failure B．feelings C．determination D．dreams
29．A.garden B．forest C．seed D．crop
30．A.fortune B．honesty C．harmony D．perseverance
31．A.organization B．truth C．respect D．method
32．A.interesting B．challenging C．relaxing D．inspiring
33．A.Actions B．Choices C．Promises D．Events
34．A.stand B．join C．get D．put
35．A.struggle B．survive C．continue D．believe
[答题区]
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
答案
题号 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35
答案
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
[2023·新课标Ⅰ卷]Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers encasing hot, 36.________ (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. The dumplings arrive steaming and dangerously hot. To eat one, you have to decide whether 37.________ (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), 38.________ to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue (舌头).
Shanghai may be the 39.________ (recognize) home of the soup dumpling, but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring ancient canal town of Nanxiang as xiao long bao's birthplace. There, you'll find them prepared differently—more dumpling and less soup—and the wrappers are pressed 40.________ hand rather than rolled.
Nanxiang aside, the best xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them 41.________ (lift) out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of 42.________ (they) contents. The meat should be fresh with 43.________ touch of sweetness, and the surrounding soup hot, clear and delicious.
No matter where I buy them, though, one steamer basket is 44.________ (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, and so I am always left 45.________ (want) more next time.
[答题区]
36．____________ 37.____________ 38.____________ 39.____________ 40.____________41．____________ 42.____________ 43.____________ 44.____________ 45.____________
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
[2023·新课标Ⅰ、Ⅱ卷]假定你是李华，外教Ryan准备将学生随机分为两人一组，让大家课后练习口语，你认为这样分组存在问题。请你给外教写一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 说明问题；
2. 提出建议。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
Dear Ryan，
I'm Li Hua from Class 3.___________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
第二节 (满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Though I eat an apple almost every day, one month ago my doctor came to my house standing in front of me, not being kept away, due to my sudden illness.
“Well Jian, I think I need to have a strong talk with you. You are overweight. Have you ever heard about Body Mass Index (指数), BMI Well, I've weighed you and measured your height and you have a BMI of 28. That is obese (肥胖的)，” said the doctor.
I knew I was a little bit overweight but I didn't think it was that bad. He added that my name means “healthy” in Chinese and he thought it was time that I should become healthy. There is a direct link between my health and sport. So he asked me, “How much sport do you do every week？”
I told him that I go for a walk every weekend. Then he replied, “Hmm, that's not a lot. Sport and health go together. They affect your mental, physical and emotional health. For example, sport can improve your mental health, allowing your brain to think better and focus. It will help you to learn more easily. Is that clear, Jian？”
“I think so. I know it would be good to be able to concentrate better at school，” I said.
The doctor explained to me that from a physical point of view, sport makes us tired, so it helps us to sleep better. At the same time, sport burns off the calories that we have consumed. It builds muscle and improves our circulation (血液循环). Sport helps to control our cholesterol count (胆固醇计数) and this is important to stop us having a heart attack. Additionally, it also keeps our blood pressure normal and strengthens our bones.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
The doctor's words left me lost in thought._________ _____________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
“Exercising alone is hard. Why not try some team sports？” the doctor suggested.____________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
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________________________________________________________________________
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________________________________________________________________________综合模拟训练(二)
第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A篇
International Summer Program: Spiderman at Hoyts Cinema Carousel
Join us for an afternoon of superheroes as you watch Spider Man: No Way Home at Hoyts, and catch up with other Curtin international students also staying in Perth over the summer break.
Schedule
1 pm: Students arrive at Hoyts, sign in and purchase any food or drink that they would like.
1：30 pm: The film begins!
4 pm: The film concludes, and students leave the cinema.
As Curtin has paid part of the cost of the film, the reduced student ticket is $10. If you would like any food or drink, please bring additional money to purchase it.
This activity is only available to international students who have applied for a course at Curtin University now.
Places are limited so book your spot now! Please use your Curtin student email to register for the event.
Important Information
By signing up for this activity, you declare that you are a Curtin international student over the age of 18 and have read the information above. You also agree to：
* Declare all your medical or accessibility requirements that organizers must be aware of and inform the organizers if you have any illnesses or injuries on the day.
* Behave according to the Curtin Student Charter (章程) and accept that going against the Charter may result in your removal from the activity.
If you're under 18, please call 9266 3954 for further information on how to proceed.
1．Who is the activity targeted at
A．International students in Perth.
B．Students desiring to attend Curtin University.
C.Students loving superhero movies.
D．Current Curtin international students.
2．Which of the following might result in disqualification
A．Being under the age of 18.
B．Failing to follow the Charter.
C．Bringing food and drink privately.
D．Registering with Curtin email addresses.
3．What is the text
A．A film review.
B．An admission notice.
C．A theatre programme.
D．An activity announcement.
B篇
Every Saturday morning, Jenna Fournel pulls a table into her yard and piles it with produce free for anyone to grab. There might be greens, mini watermelons, beans... Oftentimes, there're also homemade bread and flowers.
Fournel started the farm stand in 2020. The produce comes from a garden she tends with her 14 year old son, Leal, and her husband. Her youngest son, Oli, used to help out too. It was 2018 when the boys could do their own things in the garden and they planted a lot of flowers. That summer, Oli had the idea of using their flowers to raise money for animals in a shelter. The boys cut flowers and put them on the sidewalk, starting their business. It made a healthy profit, which was beyond their dreams, and they took the surprising gain to the shelter.
Yet, in the fall of 2019, 9 year old Oli died of cancer. While grieving (悲痛), the family realized they needed something to keep their hands and minds busy. It was around this time that Fournel remembered Oli's school assignment that was returned after he died, which asked Oli to write about what he would do if he got $100. “He talked about how he'd use that to buy food for those in need，” Fournel says. “And we thought, ‘how could we continue this love and kind heartedness？’” The question led to their expanding the garden and sharing its produce.
“It's also a way to show our indebtedness. What enabled, I think, us to survive those hard days was our community，” she says. “People checked in all the time. I was so struck by what the community had done to cheer us up. We want to repay that.”
The stand was slow at first. But gradually, people made it a habit to visit. “They come by, getting something they enjoy.” Some neighbors met for the first time there. “This space offers us the opportunity to know each other and begin our own new stories, which we really need. In fact, I think everybody does，” Fournel says.
4．What can be learned about the flower business
A．It was launched and run by Oli.
B．It laid the base for the farm stand.
C．It helped build an animal shelter.
D．It was more successful than expected.
5．Why did Fournel start the farm stand
A．To keep the spirit of kindness alive.
B．To remember her beloved son.
C．To provide food for people in need.
D．To get her family and herself busy.
6．What does the underlined word “indebtedness” in Paragraph 4 mean
A.Expectation.
B．Struggle.
C．Appreciation.
D．Recovery.
7．What does Fournel think of the stand in the last paragraph
A．It inspires people to care about each other.
B．It helps her and her family overcome sadness.
C.It becomes popular with the whole community.
D．It supports people physically and mentally.
C篇
The climate we live in influences many areas of our lives. The quality of the food we eat, the water we drink, and our homes are all dependent upon the climate and weather. Some scientists have suggested that a warmer world would be a sicker world.
Climate researchers predict that the world climate will become warmer, with high temperatures in the summer becoming more frequent and very cold winters rarer. With winters becoming milder, there are likely to be up to 20, 000 fewer cold related deaths. However, there is a danger that bacteria would no longer die off seasonally during the cold period, which means that diseases may spread more widely.
More heat waves may increase the number of hot weather related deaths by up to 2，800. Exposure to higher levels of UV light (紫外线) could cause an extra 5，000 deaths a year from skin cancer and may cause an increase of up to 2，000 cases of eye diseases. Warmer summers may cause up to 10，000 extra cases of food poisoning each year.
Higher average global temperatures mean that diseases, or their carriers, may be able to move to areas that were previously too cold for them to survive. It is possible that a mild type of malaria (疟疾) will become established in some parts of the world and be a recurring threat for up to four months each year. Globally, there are likely to be more floods, more droughts, and more storms, which will cause damage to our homes, food, and water supplies and then influence our health. The same could be said of an increase in flooding which would promote the spread of waterborne (经水传播的) diseases, and droughts which would favor whiteflies (粉虱) and locusts (蝗虫). Scientists have been studying the relationship between the outbreak of a severe disease in Africa and weather patterns. They believe that rare climate patterns may come before the outbreak of the disease.
Climate change is likely to have unequal influences on the world population. Those living in poor and developing countries are going to be less able to adapt to changes. Health influences are not likely to be limited to the human population—wildlife would also be severely affected.
8．What can help stop some diseases from spreading widely according to the text
A．A low temperature.
B．A heat wave.
C．Exposure to light.
D．Floods and droughts.
9．What does the underlined word “recurring” in the fourth paragraph mean
A．Dangerous. B．Frequent. C．Major. D．Reasonable.
10．What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．Climate change has an equal effect on the world population.
B．The more developed a country is, the bigger the influences on it are.
C．The polar bears may be affected by the higher temperature as well.
D．More floods, droughts and storms will result from global warming.
11．Which could be the best title for the text
A．Climate and Diseases
B．Weather and Human Health
C．Influences of Climate Change
D．Disasters Resulting from Global Warming
D篇
A new app made by the BBC is aimed at young people who've got their first smart phone, and need advice and support on how to lead a happy digital life.
The app was called Own It—the same name as the BBC's existing website offering Internet advice to young people—and it was launched for Android smart phones and iPhones. “The app is there to be a companion, a guide and a support for children to set themselves up with a happy and healthy relationship with the Internet，”Alice Webb, director of BBC Children's, told The Week Junior.
She explained that the app has two main features. First, it acts as a replacement for the keyboard that pops upon your smart phone when you're typing in other apps. Own It will check what you're writing, and offer advice when it might be necessary. If you're typing a message that the app thinks is a more serious worry—for example indicating you're being bullied (欺负) or you might do something dangerous, the Own It app will display a bigger warning message, offering information on how to get help.
The second part of the app is a feature for tracking your moods. Every so often it asks you how you're feeling, and records the results, to help you spot any patterns. “If every Monday you're feeling worried, it might say ‘Have you thought about talking to a trusted adult about Mondays？’Or if you're using the phone a lot at night and reporting that you feel tired, it will show you some advice on how to have a great night's sleep, and how to put your phone away，” said Webb.
The BBC has been testing Own It with “hundreds and hundreds” of groups of children. “Quite a few parents have asked if we're going to be making a similar app for adults，”said Webb. “I've even been asked if there could be a version for politicians！”
12．Who is the Own It app designed for
A．Adults with smart phones.
B．Parents who have teenage children.
C．Students who have smart phones.
D．The young with their first smart phones.
13．How is the third paragraph developed
A．By listing facts.
B．By stating opinions.
C．By giving examples.
D．By analyzing reasons.
14．What will the app probably advise you to do if you often record your bad moods
A．Have a good rest.
B．Talk with trusted adults.
C．Do some relaxing things.
D．Stop using your smart phone.
15．What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．The Own It app has been recognized widely.
B．BBC will launch a new version for adults.
C．BBC will design a new app for politicians.
D．The Own It app will serve all users of smart phones.
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
[2023·新课标Ⅰ卷]
Personal Forgiveness
Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don't beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is human. __16__ You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this.
In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths.” __17__ Are you caring Creative Generous A good listener Fun to be around They don't have to be world changing, just aspects of your personality that you're proud of.
At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things you've done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. __18__
You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. __19__ That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, don't wait until you've made a mistake to try this—it's a great way to boost self confidence at any time.
It's something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it's true. __20__ We're all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow.
A．A little self forgiveness also goes a long way.
B．Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.
C．They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.
D．It's just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.
E．It doesn't mean you have to ignore what's happened or forget it.
F．Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.
G．Whatever the mistake, remember it isn't a fixed aspect of your personality.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
[2024·九省联考]
I was halfway across Indiana headed home to Kentucky when my car broke down. My phone was __21__， too. I managed to get to a gas station, but it was Sunday in the early fall, and there was no __22__ on duty. I was working my way through university then and had little money for __23__ the car.
I sat alongside my car for several hours trying to __24__ the heat when an older gentleman __25__ to fuel his car. He asked about my car, and I __26__ my predicament (困境). To my __27__， the gentleman told me that he had a daughter my age, and then he opened his trunk and __28__ a tool set.
Right then and there, this total __29__ examined my engine, explaining as he worked that my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn't been changed for so long that they were __30__ to function. After about an hour, he __31__ that my car was safe to finish the trip.
__32__ came at the hands of a stranger. __33__ his clothes, working on a hot September afternoon, this man __34__ a college student from disaster, just because she could have been his __35__．
21．A.busy B．loud C．dead D．secure
22．A.mechanic B．policeman C．manager D．guide
23．A.washing B．parking C．purchasing D．maintaining
24．A.feel B．beat C．absorb D．produce
25．A.promised B．refused C．stopped D．volunteered
26．A.solved B．noticed C．escaped D．explained
27．A.surprise B．regret C．amusement D．disappointment
28．A.called up B．pulled out C．put down D．threw away
29．A.liar B．beginner C．stranger D．loser
30．A.free B．ready C．uncertain D．unable
31．A.pronounced B．agreed C．discovered D．doubted
32．A.Tiredness B．Kindness C．Loneliness D．Carefulness
33．A.Folding B．Drying C．Soiling D．Mending
34．A.saved B．called C．judged D．banned
35．A.friend B．daughter C．coworker D．customer
[答题区]
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
答案
题号 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35
答案
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese calligraphy (书法) is an art form that 36.________ (involve) the skilled and deliberate use of brushes and ink to create beautiful and expressive characters.
The origins of Chinese calligraphy can be traced back thousands of years to the Shang Dynasty, making it one of the 37.________ (old) continuous artistic traditions in the world. Its evolution is accompanied by the development of the Chinese writing system, 38.________ consists of thousands of characters, each with its own artistic structure and stroke order (笔顺).
Calligraphy in China 39.________ (regard) as one of the highest forms of artistic expression. It is not only a means of communication 40.________ a way to develop one's character, discipline, and spirituality. The practice of calligraphy requires 41.________ (patient), concentration, and a deep understanding of the balance between empty space and solid forms.
Different styles of calligraphy have emerged throughout history, each with its own distinct characteristics and artistic conventions. The most famous 42.________ (style) include regular script (kaishu), running script (xingshu), cursive script (caoshu), and seal script (zhuanshu).
Chinese calligraphy has a profound influence 43.________ other art forms, such as 44.________ (paint), poetry, and seal carving. It is often considered as an important part of the traditional Chinese culture, where scholars and artists would gather in a 45.________ (culture) salon to appreciate and discuss calligraphic works.
[答题区]
36．____________ 37.____________ 38.____________ 39.____________ 40.____________41．____________ 42.____________ 43.____________ 44.____________ 45.____________
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
[2024·九省联考]你校英文报计划举办主题为“携手行动，节约粮食”的作文比赛。请你写一则活动通知，内容包括：
1．介绍活动目的；
2．说明参赛要求。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Welcome to Join in the English Writing Competition
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第二节 (满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
[2023·新课标Ⅰ卷]When I was in middle school, my social studies teacher asked me to enter a writing contest. I said no without thinking. I did not love writing. My family came from Brazil, so English was only my second language. Writing was so difficult and painful for me that my teacher had allowed me to present my paper on the sinking of the Titanic by acting out a play, where I played all the parts. No one laughed harder than he did.
So, why did he suddenly force me to do something at which I was sure to fail His reply: “Because I love your stories. If you're willing to apply yourself, I think you have a good shot at this.” Encouraged by his words, I agreed to give it a try.
I chose Paul Revere's horse as my subject. Paul Revere was a silversmith (银匠) in Boston who rode a horse at night on April 18, 1775 to Lexington to warn people that British soldiers were coming. My story would come straight from the horse's mouth. Not a brilliant idea, but funny; and unlikely to be anyone else's choice.
What did the horse think, as he sped through the night Did he get tired Have doubts Did he want to quit I sympathized immediately. I got tired. I had doubts. I wanted to quit. But, like Revere's horse, I kept going. I worked hard. I checked my spelling. I asked my older sister to correct my grammar. I checked out a half dozen books on Paul Revere from the library. I even read a few of them.
When I handed in the essay to my teacher, he read it, laughed out loud, and said, “Great. Now, write it again.” I wrote it again, and again and again. When I finally finished it, the thought of winning had given way to the enjoyment of writing. If I didn't win, I wouldn't care.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
A few weeks later, when I almost forgot the contest, there came the news._____________
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I went to my teacher's office after the award presentation._________________________
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