一轮组合训练(二)
一、阅读理解
A篇
[2023·全国甲卷，A]
Where to Eat in Bangkok
Bangkok is a highly desirable destination for food lovers. It has a seemingly bottomless well of dining options. Here are some suggestions on where to start your Bangkok eating adventure.
Nahm
Offering Thai fine dining, Nahm provides the best of Bangkok culinary (烹饪的) experiences. It's the only Thai restaurant that ranks among the top 10 of the world's 50 best restaurants list. Head Chef David Thompson, who received a Michelin star for his London based Thai restaurant of the same name, opened this branch in the Metropolitan Hotel in 2010.
Issaya Siamese Club
Issaya Siamese Club is internationally known Thai chef Ian Kittichai's first flagship Bangkok restaurant. The menu in this beautiful colonial house includes traditional Thai cuisine combined with modern cooking methods.
Bo. Lan
Bo. lan has been making waves in Bangkok's culinary scene since it opened in 2009. Serving hard to find Thai dishes in an elegant atmosphere, the restaurant is true to Thai cuisine's roots, yet still manages to add a special twist. This place is good for a candle lit dinner or a work meeting with colleagues who appreciate fine food. For those extremely hungry, there's a large set menu.
Gaggan
Earning first place on the latest “Asia's 50 best restaurants” list, progressive Indian restaurant Gaggan is one of the most exciting venues (场所) to arrive in Bangkok in recent years. The best table in this two story colonial Thai home offers a window right into the kitchen, where you can see chef Gaggan and his staff in action. Culinary theater at its best.
1．What do Nahm and Issaya Siamese Club have in common
A．They adopt modern cooking methods.
B．They have branches in London.
C．They have top class chefs.
D．They are based in hotels.
2．Which restaurant offers a large set menu
A．Gaggan. B．Bo. lan. C．Issaya Siamese Club. D．Nahm.
3．What is special about Gaggan
A．It hires staff from India. B．It puts on a play every day.
C．It serves hard to find local dishes. D．It shows the cooking process to guests.
B篇
The goal of meditation (冥想) is ultimately to focus and quiet your mind—eventually reach a higher level of awareness and inner calmness. It may seem challenging at first, but by learning the basics of meditation, you can begin your journey on the path of enlightenment and happiness. With practice, you'll be able to achieve a sense of quietness and peace no matter what's going on around you. Meditation should be practiced in a peaceful location so that you can focus on the task at hand without any distractions.
Find a place where you will not be interrupted for the duration of your meditation—whether it lasts 5 minutes or half an hour. The space you choose does not need to be very large. A walk in closet or even an outdoor bench can be used for meditation as long as you have privacy. When you begin to meditate, it is easier if you pick the quietest location. Once you are used to meditation, you will be able to block out the sounds around you. It sometimes helps to play soft calm music or listen to the sound a water fountain makes.
If you are sitting outside, don't sit near a noisy highway or any other source of loud noise. The peaceful sounds of nature are fine on the other hand. Make sure you are wearing comfortable clothes and that you are warm enough. Next, decide how long you want to meditate. Many people recommend twenty minutes twice a day, but as a beginner, it is fine to start with five minutes a day. Try to do your meditation at the same time each day, and make it a regular part of your daily routine. Once you have decided on a time frame, stick to it and don't give up just because you feel like it isn't working. Find a way to keep track of time, like a gentle reminder on your watch.
4．What can we learn about meditation from Paragraph 1
A．With meditation you can get calm in your heart.
B．Only a few people have the ability to do meditation.
C．Meditation can be achieved only in a noisy environment.
D．Meditation can be an effective way to prevent distractions.
5．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to
A．The peace. B．The music. C．The distraction. D．The meditation.
6．What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A．Dressing up is crucial for meditation.
B．Meditation time doesn't matter at all.
C．Meditating regularly is highly recommended.
D．You should change the meditation plan if you find it's ineffective.
7．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．How to Meditate: It's All About Focusing
B．Meditation—A Way to Improve Health
C．Do More Meditation: It's More Interesting Than You Might Think
D．Meditation—The Best Way to Extend Your Life Span
C篇
A group of researchers studying the behavior of Amur tigers, also known as Siberian tigers, have found that they have different “personality” types that help them survive and raise their baby tigers.
According to the previous investigation, Amur tigers are definitely the largest cats in the world. They live in vast forests in wilderness areas of eastern Russia and in protected areas of northern China. There are about 500 of these tigers left in the wild, although there are probably more than that living in zoos or reserves.
The researchers based the study on a human test called “The Big Five”， which scores people on five personality features. They asked feeders working with 248 cats in two shelters to spy on the tigers and give an account of their personalities. The results divided the tigers into two groups, which the researchers described as having either “Majesty” or “Steadiness”. Tigers in the Majesty category were those that appeared “dignified (高贵的) and ambitious”. The tigers in the Steadiness eategory were “sincere and tolerant”．
Majestic tigers had a higher social status, spent more time hunting live animals, and mated and ate more. The steady tigers seemed gentler and loving toward one another. Rosalind Arden, co author of the study, said, “It's pleasant to see that you don't have to be dominant, fierce, competitive, and aggressive in order to succeed as a tiger, which doesn't correspond with people's traditional insights into tigers.”
There were female and male tigers in both categories. In fact, female Amur tigers are rare and feel exhausted after giving birth to baby tigers so that fathers often help raise the baby tigers. Having a steady personality, especially for male ones, could play a significant role in the relatively long amount of time—two to three years—that baby tigers stay with their parents. The researchers say both personalities have advantages that help the tigers survive threats, including loss of habitat and hunting. The team hopes the study will encourage more support from all walks of life in a bid to guarantee the tigers' conservation.
8．What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 2
A．To justify an argument. B．To add background information.
C．To summarize the previous paragraph. D．To introduce a new topic for discussion.
9．The researchers conducted the study on Amur tigers by________．
A．categorizing them for inspection B．scoring them on 5 personality features
C．doing comparison experiments in the lab D．observing them through a personality test
10．What does Rosalind Arden think of their findings
A．They improve Amur tigers' welfare.
B．They change the tigers' living conditions.
C．They help the reproduction of Amur tigers.
D．They contradict traditional ideas about tigers.
11．What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A．Few sex related differences exist in tigers' personalities.
B. A steady personality decreases tigers' chance of survival.
C. Greater conservation efforts have been made due to the study.
D. Personality types of baby tigers are influenced by their parents.
[答题区]
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
答案
二、阅读七选五
The winter vacation during the senior year of high school can be a stressful time for students. __1__ They may also be feeling sad that their time with family and friends will decrease. Here are some wise ways to spend the last winter vacation of high school.
Start practicing responsibilities. After you enter college, you have to do a lot of things on your own. __2__ Although some may just want to spend winter break sleeping and relaxing, it's the right time for you to begin taking on some household tasks. You should start doing laundry and more things on your own. In this way, you can learn to become responsible.
For students who haven't decided on a major, the last winter vacation of high school can be an opportunity to explore their interest. Students are often told they'll have time to decide on a major once they get to college. However, the last winter break might be the freest time they'll have for a while. __3__
Besides a major, you also need to decide on a school. This is a great time to go on more campus visits. __4__ Take another visit to ensure you're making the right choice. Sometimes, seeing the school in different seasons can help you decide if it is truly where you belong.
__5__ Some students agree they should take advantage of time at home with family and friends while they still can. But most students don't realize how important family is until they've moved away. As you get more into college life, you will probably not be returning home as often, so take this opportunity. Enjoy your friends and family, as it will all change once you enter college.
A．Enjoy quality time at home.
B．Don't visit a campus just once.
C．Spend more time with your friends.
D．Ask your parents what major you can study.
E．So find out what you really like to learn in college.
F．And you'll be independent and responsible for yourself.
G．They may be dealing with the pressure to choose a school.
[答题区]
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________
三、语法填空
Aeronautics (航空学) specialists from the University of South Australia spent months studying the dragonfly's flight, creating 3 D models from digital images, to build a winged drone (无人机). Study leader Javaan Chahl believes that winged drones 1.________ (base) on the dragonfly's shape and movement will simply be 2.________ (flexible) and energy efficient, compared to the previous ones.
Chahl's team used 3.________ special photography technique to classify the wing shapes of 75 different dragonfly species from museum collections. Their wings are long, light and hard. Plus, their long bodies give them excellent stability and balance, 4.________ (make) it possible for winged drones to deliver awkward loads 5.________ undertake long observation missions.
Investigating the way that dragonflies remain stable during flight actually 6.________(reveal) the techniques they use to get themselves out of tricky situations. Dragonflies are found to be able to perform upside down backflips to regain balance and normal flight, when they find themselvesupside down mid air. This special skill can even 7.________ (perform) while dragonflies are unconscious, meaning it is a passive stability mechanism similar in concept 8.________ planes that are designed to glide to 9.________ (safe) with their engines turned off. Engineers are trying to copy dragonfly wings to create safer ones 10.________ can right themselves.
[答题区]
1．____________ 2.____________ 3.____________ 4.____________ 5.____________ 6．____________ 7.____________ 8.____________ 9.____________ 10.____________一轮组合训练(三十九)
一、阅读理解
A篇
Monster Zoo
Monster Zoo is one of the largest zoos in the world, covering more than 15 square kilometers. It is home to more than 50 species of rare and native animals.
Monster Zoo was founded in 1983 as a breeding area (繁殖区). Officially open to the public in October 1993, Monster Zoo is now home to more than 500 animals.
Opening Hours
Monster Zoo is open daily from 9：30 am to 5 pm with last entry at 3 pm. The zoo is open every day of the year, including all public holidays. The exception to this is that, if the temperature forecasted for Monster Zoo is 40 degrees or above, it will be closed.
To get the most out of your visit, we recommend setting aside a minimum of four to five hours to fully enjoy the Monster Zoo.
Tickets
Child (4－14 years old)：$28.50
Adult (15 years old and over) ：$51.75
Family: AUD $132.75
Meet the Keeper
Monster Zoo offers various daily zoo keeper talks and animal feeds that give guests the chance to interact (互动) with our friendly workers and learn about the zoo's unique residents.
Looking for a more unique animal experience Consider booking a Behind the Scenes Animal Experience to come face to face with some of our special animal residents.
Picnics
For those who prefer to bring their own meals, special picnic areas are available close to the Visitor Center. Please note that due to fire risk, the zoo does not allow for the BBQs.
1．What can we learn about the zoo from the text
A．It is the largest zoo in the world.
B．It is open daily all year except important festivals.
C．It is open to the public ten years after it was founded.
D．It is home to more than 500 species of animals.
2．If three young men aged 12, 14 and 19 visit the zoo, how much will they pay
A．$155.25. B．$108.75. C．$85.25. D．$132.75.
3．Where does this text most probably come from
A．A health newspaper.
B．An animal book.
C．A travel website.
D．A fashion magazine.
B篇
For one man, caring for Mom maybe took up all his time after she was diagnosed with dementia (痴呆). Now, after his mother passed away, a man shared one of the sweet notes he found from his mom to reminisce (缅怀) about her. On the document which contained her last will, his mom had written: “I trust you and I love you.”
He explained on social media: “I lost my mom recently after being her caretaker for more than 20 years. I have been going through her house and she has left me notes all over in drawers and on paperwork which make me forget about the last 5 years of her dementia and the struggles. She was a sweet loving woman and knew I'd need them．”
The man further explained in the comments: “My mom was an awesome woman. She married young and had five children. She raised them alone, got her education with her youngest child, ran her own business and was a very lovely person, always taking care of everyone around her no matter what. The last few years were extremely difficult but I was thankful for the time even in her last days. These notes mean so much to me and remind me of my childhood and all the laughter and how much of a fun person she was.”
The sweet note left people feeling emotional, as one man named Mike commented: “You and your mom totally deserved each other. My dad lived with my family for 5 years, and we lost him two years ago. His dementia worsened over time, but I just loved having him close and doing things with him every day. You did one of the most difficult jobs that exist, and clearly you were great at it. Knowing well the difficulty level of the task of caring for a person suffering from dementia, I'm completely impressed by how long you took care of your mom.”
4．Why did the man share the sweet note from his mom
A．To be in memory of his mom.
B．To follow his mom's last will.
C．To attract comments on social media.
D．To seek ways to cure his mom's dementia.
5．What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 refer to
A．The drawers in the house.
B．The struggles of the mom.
C．The notes left by the mom.
D．The comments on social media.
6．Which of the following is one of the good qualities of the man's mom
A．Honesty. B．Carefulness. C．Kindness. D．Generosity.
7．What impressed Mike greatly according to his comment
A．The time the man's mom lived.
B．The man's explanations on social media.
C．The man's feelings after losing his mom.
D．The time the man spent taking care of his sick mom.
C篇
Diners in Japan may soon be able to cut their salt intake without needing to sacrifice (牺牲) flavor. Researchers recently announced they developed electric chopsticks that increase saltiness of foods.
Co developed by Meiji University professor Homei Miyashita and drink producer Kirin Holdings Company, Limited, the chopsticks improve tastes using electrical stimulation and a mini computer attached to a wrist. “The device uses a weak electrical current to send sodium ions (钠离子) from food, through the chopsticks, to the mouth where they create a sense of saltiness，” said Miyashita. “As a result, the salty taste increases by 1.5 times.”
The taste improving chopsticks may have particular relevance to the traditional diet in Japan, which tends to be high in salt. The average Japanese adult eats about 10 grams of salt each day. That is almost two times the amount suggested by the World Health Organization. High sodium intake is linked to increased cases of high blood pressure, strokes and other conditions. “To prevent these diseases, we need to reduce the amount of salt we take，” said Kirin researcher Ai Sato. Sato added that if Japanese people try to reduce salt intake in the usual ways, they will need to cut many of their favorite foods from their diet. Otherwise, they would have to eat flavorless food.
“I want to overturn the idea that low salt means no flavor，” Miyashita declared. “The chopsticks make it possible to keep enjoying the foods we love, and in a healthier way.” He was confident that the chopsticks can help people make better decisions about their diet and hoped to have them ready to sell as early as next year.
Miyashita and his research team have explored different ways that technology can interact with human senses. He has also developed a television screen that a person can lick (舔) to taste different food flavors. Meanwhile, research is also underway to develop other eating tools with special functions like electric spoons and forks using technology.
8．Who would probably be interested in the electric chopsticks
A．Those sticking to a balanced diet.
B．Those having eating disorders.
C．Those preferring homemade food.
D．Those wanting to take in less salt.
9．Why is traditional Japanese diet mentioned
A．To introduce what Japanese diet is like.
B．To stress how important chopsticks are for it.
C．To show what influence it has on the Japanese.
D．To explain why electric chopsticks are invented.
10．What does Miyashita expect of the electric chopsticks
A．They'll reach consumers in the near future.
B．They'll help change people's eating habits.
C．They'll be developed into various versions.
D．They'll inspire a whole new line of research.
11．What is the text mainly about
A．Benefits of low sodium diets.
B．Improvements to the Japanese diet.
C．Electric chopsticks increasing salty taste.
D．An invention making food more delicious.
[答题区]
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
答案
二、完形填空
The tomato is a vegetable whose road through history was not easy and filled with misunderstandings. In the last few centuries this South American plant __1__ to spread all across the world, becoming one of the best known food ingredients and one of the most beloved vegetables.
The __2__ origin of the tomato plant is not known, although it is supposed that it __3__ gradually from a prehistory plant over millions of years ago in South America and slowly moved to north until it was grown in the lands between Mexico and northern Costa Rica. During 500 BC, Aztecs managed to plant the tomato and use it for __4__. From that point on, tomatoes slowly spread across the central and South America.
The first European __5__ with tomatoes came with Christopher Columbus, who possibly __6__ it in 1493, but it was Spanish conqueror (征服者) Hernán Cortés who first took its __7__ back to Europe. As early as the 1540s tomatoes started being __8__ in Spanish fields, and was used __9__ as a common food in the early 17th century.
Modern age of commercially grown tomatoes started with the __10__ of Alexander W. Livingston, an American botanist and scientist, who __11__ much of his life to upgrading tomatoes with selective breeding (选择性育种) into the most commonly known form we know today. His 1870s breed called Paragon became a(n) __12__ success in the North America, __13__ the large tomato industry and approval from the public.
In 2009, worldwide tomato production rose to 158.3 million tons, surpassing the previous year by 3.7%. The __14__ producer was China with 24% of world production, __15__ by the United States, Turkey, India, Egypt and Italy.
1．A.planned B．attempted C．managed D．expected
2．A.proper B．exact C．particular D．ancient
3．A.developed B．passed C．continued D．discovered
4．A.decoration B．plant C．medicine D．food
5．A.growth B．contact C．research D．invention
6．A.went through B．called on C．ran into D．turned to
7．A.seeds B．leaves C．branches D．flowers
8．A.made B．upgraded C．sold D．produced
9．A.unusually B．quickly C．generally D．regularly
10．A.projects B．efforts C．decisions D．inspirations
11．A.devoted B．delivered C．spent D．adjusted
12．A.affordable B．common C．immediate D．famous
13．A.spreading B．extending C．marking D．starting
14．A.biggest B．fastest C．best D．latest
15．A.competed B．followed C．compared D．surveyed
[答题区]
1～5 ________________ 6～10 ________________11～15 ________________一轮组合训练(三十八)
一、阅读理解
A篇
Hamill Family Play Zoo
The Hamill Family Play Zoo is the most impressive zoo for kids. Inside a hollowed out tree, kids can dress up in animal and zoo keeper clothes, make an art project, get their face painted, and pet a hedgehog (刺猬) or other wildlife. On weekends in the summer at the Chicago area park, they can release ladybugs in the nearby children's garden or help harvest some of the crops. “We'll walk across the zoo with kids carrying the corn to the bison (野牛) exhibit or the herbs to the area where monkeys live，” says Stuart Strahl.
Fort Wayne Children's Zoo
This zoo was designed for little ones. The 20 foot high tree house in the Indonesian Rain Forest has an entrance that only small kids can fit through. In the Australian themed area, children can get into a tunnel and pretend to be little bears or ride in a log boat to get a look at gray kangaroos.
San Antonio Zoo
The San Antonio Zoo has the first children's zoo especially created for the 5 and under set. Young explorers get their own entrance to Kronkosky's Tiny Tot Nature Spot. From there, the only problem is what to do first. Dig up carrots to feed the guinea pigs (天竺鼠) Look for animal tracks Dress up like a vet Or swim in a small stream (while you relax on the nearby beach)
San Diego Zoo
There are 4，000 animals to see at the San Diego Zoo. Your plan of attack: Hop on the sky ride or the half hour bus tour, and then visit a few of the unique exhibits, such as the ones with giant pandas and the elephants. Only three other American zoos in Atlanta, Memphis and Washington, D. C. have black and white pandas, and thanks to the platform, your kids can get the best look at them in San Diego Zoo.
1．Where would a kid with strong interest in art prefer to visit
A．Hamill Family Play Zoo.
B．San Diego Zoo.
C．Fort Wayne Children's Zoo.
D．San Antonio Zoo.
2．What is the advantage of San Diego Zoo
A．It has many large animals.
B．It offers visitors free transport.
C．It has black and white pandas.
D．Kids can get close to elephants there.
3．Who are the intended readers of the text
A．Students. B．Teenagers. C．Parents. D．Travelers.
B篇
Shenzhen, a city that pioneered reform and opening up in China, will allow fully autonomous vehicles to run on certain roads, as the city in Guangdong province released the nation's first regulation suitable for smart and internet connected vehicles.
The new regulation, scheduled to come into force on Aug 1, also clarified rules for liability (责任) in car accidents that involve autonomous driving, helping to fill the legal gap in China's smart car industry.
Shenzhen is giving self driving cars a legal “identity card”， a key move in accelerating the commercialization of autonomous vehicles, experts said, adding that more legal measures and more testing experience are needed before widening such trials.
The new regulation said automakers don't necessarily have to equip fully autonomous vehicles with human driving modes and equipment, nor must they have human drivers. But such fully automated vehicles can only run on certain roads and sections designated by Shenzhen's traffic management department.
The new regulation classified autonomous vehicles into three types: conditionally autonomous driving, highly autonomous driving and fully autonomous driving. The former two types of vehicles must have human control equipment and drivers, the regulation added. The regulation also clarified rules for liability in car accidents that involve autonomous driving. For autonomous driving vehicles with a driver, the driver is held responsible for accidents and compensation (赔偿).
For fully autonomous vehicles without a driver, the owner or the user of the vehicle is held responsible for accidents and compensation. In a traffic accident, if the damage is caused by the defects (缺陷) of a vehicle, the driver, the owner or the user of the vehicle, after paying for the bill, can request compensation from the manufacturer or seller of the car in accordance with laws, the regulation said.
Yu Qian, CEO and founder of QCraft, a Chinese self driving startup, said, “China's autonomous driving industry is entering a golden development period, with policies becoming increasingly clear and open, and technologies becoming more powerful.”
4．According to experts, what can be necessary before expanding trials involving self driving cars
A．Financial support from the government.
B．More legal means and testing experience.
C．The most advanced self driving car product.
D．The commercialization of autonomous vehicles.
5．What do we know about fully autonomous vehicles from Paragraph 4
A．They're equipped with human drivers.
B．They're equipped with human driving modes.
C．They run in limited areas in Shenzhen.
D．They only run on the roads and sections in Shenzhen.
6．For fully autonomous vehicles, who should be responsible for accidents
A．The user. B．The passenger. C．The seller. D．The producer.
7．What is Yu Qian's attitude toward China's autonomous driving industry
A．Unclear. B．Doubtful. C．Hopeful. D．Uninterested.
C篇
汈 It's one of the ultimate tests of willpower: you've been wandering around the market for hours and you're tired and hungry. Then you catch a smell of something fragrant (香的) and delicious, probably fried and almost certainly fattening. Junk food companies are well aware that the smell of their product sets off a desire in your brain and that you'll pay for that later. It is a response that has been researched, and you'd better believe your favorite fast food chains have marketing teams that are using that research to their advantage.
Let's take a closer look at this process. Have you ever noticed that whatever indulgent food (放纵型食品) catches your attention tends to be most appealing just after you first smell it A couple of minutes later you are standing in line, and it isn't quite as appealing as it was just moments ago, but now you've invested time, so you trust your first feeling to treat yourself.
But a recent statement says that this is actually the right moment to walk away. Dipayan Biswas, a marketing professor, found there is a direct connection between how long a person is exposed to indulgent food smells and choosing healthier foods. “The results of a series of experiments show that extended exposure of more than two minutes to junk food smells leads to fewer purchases of unhealthy foods compared with no smell or a non junk food related smell，” reads the summary of his study.
What appears to be going on here is that the brain doesn't necessarily distinguish between a pleasurable smell and a pleasant taste. “Extended exposure to an indulgent food smell brings pleasure in the mind, which in turn reduces the desire for actual consumption of indulgent foods，” he explains. So next time you feel you don't have the willpower to resist cookies, smell all that sweetness for just a minute or two. To your brain it's the same as actually eating cookies, and the purchase desire would decrease.
8．What can we learn about junk food smells from the first paragraph
A．They hardly affect people's food choices.
B．They can make a difference in marketing.
C．They are unlikely to fool wise customers.
D．They finally decrease people's purchase desire.
9．What does the second paragraph basically serve as
A．An example. B．An argument. C．A comparison. D．A comment.
10．Which statement will Biswas probably agree with
A．The influence of food smells changes over time.
B．The senses of taste and smell are closely linked.
C．The behavior of smelling food doesn't equal eating it.
D．The brain can't tell where sensory pleasure is from.
11．What is the best title for the text
A．Train your brain to resist junk food
B．Smells of junk food can keep you off it
C．Watch out for tricky marketing tools
D．Food addiction is never about willpower
[答题区]
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
答案
二、阅读七选五
Many of us are looking for ways to lose weight, but sometimes it feels like a mountain to climb. We've taken a look at the latest evidence and talked to some experts to see if there are any genuine diet tricks that can help you lose weight faster, or with less effort. __1__
Not only what you eat, but when you eat, could have an impact on your weight. Our body's internal clock has a great influence. Some experts suggest that it has a greater effect on our eating and digestion than previously thought. __2__ It sometimes depends on how you work, exercise, or whether you have a family. It's worth considering.
Cut down on unnecessary sugar in your diet. It can be an effective way to lose weight. __3__ That can knock hundreds of calories off your daily consumption. The expert recommends trying a low sugar or sugar free alternative as a first step to set you on your way.
Increase your dietary fiber intake a day. It could help you to lose more weight. Fiber delays gastric (胃的) emptying. __4__ On average, those who increased their daily fiber intake lost an additional 3.25 pounds over the course of six months. Fiber helps to regulate the body's use of sugar. __5__ That's why it's known for its positive role in weight management. Whole grains are a great source of fiber, along with fruit and vegetables, and nuts.
A．It helps us to feel fuller for longer.
B．It also helps to control hunger and blood sugar.
C．They are also more likely to stick to their diet.
D．Read on for our top diet tricks that actually work.
E．Scheduling meals for the same time every day can be a help.
F．Exchange your usual sugary drink for a glass of water or a green tea.
G．However, keeping the same pattern of day to day eating has been linked to weight loss.
[答题区]
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________
三、语法填空
Intelligent autonomous vehicles may take the place of many cars we now have on the roads.
Ford is developing a 1.________ (full) autonomous vehicle without a steering wheel or gas. The software and sensors will do all the work. The vehicle will take you 2.________ you want to go at the push of a button. The car maker expects the vehicle 3.________ (be) ready by the end of the year and says that's an important step toward 4.________ (improve) road safety. 5.________ five years seems far off, for Ford, it's a blink of an eye. Because the car maker 6.________ (work) on autonomous driving for more than 10 years. Ford has not determined whether it will be 7.________ sedan, hatchback or SUV. Moreover, Ford isn't sure whether it will be powered by gasoline, hybrid or fully electric power train. There are a lot of 8.________ (detail) to be worked out in the next half decade.
Would you even need or want to own a self driving vehicle As the cost of the technology comes down, it 9.________ (appear) that you might be able to buy one for yourself. In fact, by the end of this year Ford will test 10.________ (it) autonomous vehicle.
[答题区]
1．____________ 2.____________ 3.____________ 4.____________ 5.____________ 6．____________ 7.____________ 8.____________ 9.____________ 10.____________一轮组合训练(八)
一、阅读理解
A篇
A study published not long ago predicts that melting ice in Greenland will cause the sea level around the world to rise by at least 27 centimeters by 2100.
The researchers studied the difference between the amount of ice that accumulates on Greenland's glaciers and the amount of ice that melts at the edges of the glaciers. Snowfall in the mountains of Greenland flows down and feeds the glaciers. But in recent years, there has been less snow and more melting. The researchers said this has created an imbalance, and melting is exceeding (超过) the amount of ice accumulation.
The researchers said, even if global temperatures do not rise above current levels, the ice at the edges of Greenland's ice sheets will continue melting. Richard Alley is a glaciologist at Penn State University who did not take part in the study. He said the melting ice is similar to what happens when an ice cube is put in a cup of warm tea. He said that glaciers will continue to decrease in size because they are in warmer air, just like an ice cube will melt if placed in warm tea.
William Colgan helped write the study. He studies glaciers at the Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland. He described the ice this way, “It's dead ice. It's just going to melt and disappear from the ice sheet.” The researchers used the same method that is used to study ice loss on mountain glaciers. But they extended it to include all of Greenland. Some places farther away from Greenland would get more sea level rise than some places closer to Greenland, such as the East Coast of the United States.
The 27 centimeter rise would be in addition to increases in the sea level from normal tides and storms. Ellyn Enderlin is a professor of geosciences at Boise State University who also did not take part in the study. She said the sea level rise will have huge societal (社会的), economic, and environmental impacts.
1．What caused the imbalance on Greenland's glaciers
A．Different temperatures on the glaciers.
B．Different snowfall on the glaciers.
C．Less snowfall but more melting.
D．More snowfall and less melting.
2．What can we infer from Richard Alley's comparison
A．The warm sea water causes the ice to melt.
B．The ice won't melt if the temperature doesn't rise.
C．An ice cube will decrease in size in tea.
D．The warm climate causes the ice to melt.
3．Which column of the newspaper does this article belong to
A．Education. B．Economy. C．Environment. D．Health.
B篇
[2023·新课标Ⅰ卷，C]The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it's right for you.
To do so, I divided the book into two parts. In part one, I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism, starting with an examination of the forces that are making so many people's digital lives increasingly intolerable, before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy.
Part one concludes by introducing my suggested method for adopting this philosophy: the digital declutter. This process requires you to step away from optional online activities for thirty days. At the end of the thirty days, you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value.
In the final chapter of part one, I'll guide you through carrying out your own digital declutter. In doing so, I'll draw on an experiment I ran in 2018 in which over 1，600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter. You'll hear these participants' stories and learn what strategies worked well for them, and what traps they encountered that you should avoid.
The second part of this book takes a closer look at some ideas that will help you cultivate (培养) a sustainable digital minimalism lifestyle. In these chapters, I examine issues such as the importance of solitude (独处) and the necessity of cultivating high quality leisure to replace the time most now spent on mindless device use. Each chapter concludes with a collection of practices, which are designed to help you act on the big ideas of the chapter. You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that works for your particular circumstances.
4．What is the book aimed at
A．Teaching critical thinking skills. B．Advocating a simple digital lifestyle.
C．Solving philosophical problems. D．Promoting the use of a digital device.
5．What does the underlined word “declutter” in Paragraph 3 mean
A．Clear up.
B．Add on.
C．Check in.
D．Take over.
6．What is presented in the final chapter of part one
A.Theoretical models.
B．Statistical methods.
C．Practical examples.
D．Historical analyses.
7．What does the author suggest readers do with the practices offered in part two
A．Use them as needed. B．Recommend them to friends.
C．Evaluate their effects. D．Identify the ideas behind them.
C篇
What's the first thing that pops into your mind when you think of wheat straw Most people would probably just see it as a pile of waste in a farmer's field. However, Wu Cui, an intangible cultural inheritor, can turn the straw left over from harvested wheat into beautiful and eye catching functional artworks.
The earliest straw weaving (草编的) products were discovered at Hemudu Cultural Ruins, a Neolithic cultural site located in eastern China's Zhejiang Province. The Book of Rites, one of the classical works of Confucianism, also records that there were already mats made of cattail grass and professional straw weaving craftsmen during the Zhou dynasty.
Straw weaving is a method of manufacturing daily items or artworks. It was listed as a national intangible cultural heritage in 2008.
Wu explains the process of straw weaving: selection of materials is the first step of a complicated, time consuming and labor intensive process that can take weeks or even months to complete. You need to sketch the piece on paper, which requires drawing skills. Next comes the weaving, shaping and preserving of the work. Even by finishing that process, it does not mean that you will always create a good piece of work, and the hardest part is to make it lifelike.
In the past, woven straw items could be found almost in every household in the countryside, such as straw hats and straw shoes, because they were practical in everyday life. But due to the impact of industrialization, manufactured goods have replaced such products, which yield low profits, and there are only about 100 individuals engaging in the work across the country. “The world has changed, and craftsmen need to transcend practicality and pursue the beauty and artistry of straw weaving culture to help the craft survive and thrive，” Wu says.
From her perspective, straw weaving should respond to people's needs and preferences, while still drawing inspiration from traditional culture. “Craftspeople should make a great effort to grasp the trends and opportunities of the times to create new and relevant products，” she says. When asked about her plans, Wu says she wants to dig deeper into local traditional culture and create cultural creative products by developing the straw weaving technique.
8．What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us about straw weaving products
A．Their major uses.
B．Their cultural value.
C．Their historic origins.
D．Their manufacturing process.
9．Which is the toughest part for straw weaving craftsmen according to Wu Cui
A．Making the artworks vivid.
B．Drawing sketches on paper.
C．Selecting suitable materials.
D．Preserving finished products.
10．What does the underlined word “transcend” in Paragraph 5 probably mean
A．Rely on. B．Go beyond. C．Cast away. D．Turn to.
11．What can we learn from Wu Cui's opinion according to the last paragraph
A．Straw weaving products are out of favor with customers.
B. Pursuing fashion should be the first priority for craftspeople.
C. Local people benefit a lot from the straw weaving techniques.
D. Craftsmen should innovate the craft based on traditional culture.
[答题区]
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
答案
二、阅读七选五
Graduation Day is a special day for many, but particularly for two students at Indian River State College in Florida.
Erik Bustamante received his Associate's degree in arts and marketing. “It feels special，” he said. “Because the time has come. I've been in school for so long, and I'm finally getting my degree that I worked hard for.” But Bustamante's story is a little different. It is not just because he graduated at the age of 17. __1__ His father walked with him and also collected a diploma.
Edwin Bustamante Sr had a successful career until about 10 years ago when two strokes (中风) changed his life forever. He said, “__2__” Now at 53 years old, Edwin has turned that change into a college degree in horticulture and landscape technology. “It's either for me to move on and do something beneficial with my life or stay home bored and depressed，” he said.
As students at the same school, Edwin and Erik had classes together. They studied together, and took tests and quizzes together. “It was kind of like a competition just to see who could get the higher grade，” Erik said. Edwin said with a laugh, “__3__”
__4__ “It makes me passionate about what I'll be doing in the future, because I know that I had my first step of college with my dad，” Erik said. “There's nothing better than walking and receiving that achievement together. So, it's strong for me, a strong feeling，” Edwin said. “__5__ Despite all challenges, you can do whatever you want，” Erik said.
A．It was very competitive.
B．It's who he graduated with.
C．It inspires me to do just as well as he did.
D．Seeing him walk across the stage and get his diploma was indescribable.
E．That seems funny for us to see father and son to be in the same class.
F．Last week, Erik got to walk with his father and receive diplomas with him.
G．I want to show them that if I can do well, why they cannot be doing their best.
[答题区]
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________
三、语法填空
Boxing is often thought of as a fast paced workout, but it can be more than just a way to work up a sweat. Mike, the owner of Cappy's Boxing Gym in Seattle says that the sport creates a healthy environment 1.________ developing self awareness. He says, “I 2.________ (start) boxing and very early on learned that it's a safe space for self awareness and self development.” Mike began boxing 18 years ago at Cappy's and 3.________ (immediate) fell in love with the sport. He then became a coach and eventually bought 4.________ gym.
Boxing involves working in sometimes intense situations. When in close contact, emotions may become heightened and behavioral patterns can 5.________ (reveal). This environment can illuminate fight, flight, or freeze responses. Learning how to handle situations where you are 6.________ (scare) or uncomfortable is one of the most empowering things a person can do. It helps us recognize our patterns and reactions so that we can change them if 7.________ (need) in the future. This type of self awareness also helps build confidence, 8.________ (make) us feel better about ourselves and more confident when facing other 9.________ (difficulty) in life. Whether you're dealing with a physical situation or emotional one, being able to respond in the moment is a skill. Learning your patterns has power. You can explore ways to improve your responses and make choices in the next situation that serve you 10.________ (well).
[答题区]
1．____________ 2.____________ 3.____________ 4.____________ 5.____________ 6．____________ 7.____________ 8.____________ 9.____________ 10.____________Part Ⅰ 一轮组合训练
一轮组合训练(一)
一轮组合训练(二)
一轮组合训练(三)
一轮组合训练(四)
一轮组合训练(五)
一轮组合训练(六)
一轮组合训练(七)
一轮组合训练(八)
一轮组合训练(九)
一轮组合训练(十)
一轮组合训练(十一)
一轮组合训练(十二)
一轮组合训练(十三)
一轮组合训练(十四)
一轮组合训练(十五)
一轮组合训练(十六)
一轮组合训练(十七)
一轮组合训练(十八)
一轮组合训练(十九)
一轮组合训练(二十)
一轮组合训练(二十一)
一轮组合训练(二十二)
一轮组合训练(二十三)
一轮组合训练(二十四)
一轮组合训练(二十五)
一轮组合训练(二十六)
一轮组合训练(二十七)
一轮组合训练(二十八)
一轮组合训练(二十九)
一轮组合训练(三十)
一轮组合训练(三十一)
一轮组合训练(三十二)
一轮组合训练(三十三)
一轮组合训练(三十四)
一轮组合训练(三十五)
一轮组合训练(三十六)
一轮组合训练(三十七)
一轮组合训练(三十八)
一轮组合训练(三十九)
一轮组合训练(四十)
一轮组合训练(四十一)
一轮组合训练(四十二)一轮组合训练(十二)
一、阅读理解
A篇
Four London hot spots for coffee fans
Although London is known for its tea drinking habits, we can't deny that Londoners are also enthusiastic coffee fans. We've rounded up our top 4 favourite coffee hot spots in the city.
Kapihan
Kapihan brings together the unique flavours of Southeast Asia in their new Battersea location. They're both a coffee house and bakery, and their selected single origin coffee roasts are bound to give you a coffee experience like no other.
Friendly staff and a contemporary interior make this one of the best coffee spots to visit in southwest London.
Antipode
Bringing the charm of Australian coffee to London—this café by day and bar by night concept suits every occasion. They boast some of the newest and most innovative coffee making techniques to ensure each cup they serve you is made to perfection.
We recommend the Japanese filter coffee accompanied by the mature cheese toastie.
Kiss the Hippo
Kiss the Hippo is a certified professional at making a good cup of Richmond coffee. They bring together elements of the quality of their coffee and serving it in a beautiful space to give you the most memorable experience.
In house roasting is what makes their coffee making process stand out. Their improved approach ensures that each cup holds perfectly brewed coffee for you to enjoy.
Jolt
Jolt, now open in Fitzrovia, aims to give you the most theatrical coffee experience. Their unique single origin beans create everything from fresh cold brews, smooth, delicate lattes, to flat whites. Give them a visit to try their signature “Spanish Lattes”．
Enjoy their fresh coffee and watch their famous black glove wearing baristas (咖啡师) work their magic.
1．What makes Kapihan one of the most recommended coffee spots to visit
A．Its location and flavour.
B．Its coffee roaster and origin.
C．Its service and room design.
D．Its barista and magic.
2．Which spot suits the fans of the Japanese filter coffee
A．Kapihan.
B．Antipode.
C．Kiss the Hippo.
D．Jolt.
3．What can customers do when drinking coffee in Jolt
A．Enjoy a movie.
B．Obtain a signature.
C．Watch a magic show.
D．Witness the coffee making.
B篇
It is easy to get wrapped up in our day to day life. Days，weeks，even months may go by without us realizing that we haven't taken the time to care about others or ourselves.Follow this guide to learn how to be more caring.
A basic human need is to want to be cared for and be cared about. It feels good to have someone listen to us with full presence and compassion as we all have a voice that needs to be heard and valued.Being a caring person to others is sometimes more difficult.With our hurried society，we sometimes fail to pause and listen.We miss the opportunity to help someone near to us by simply listening to them.
The Merriam Webster dictionary defines caring as, “Feeling or showing concern and kindness to others.”Caring shows that we are eager to help others，pay attention to detail，and are consistent (一致的) with those actions.
Qualities of a caring person include：
Compassion.A caring person has the awareness of someone's suffering and does something to relieve the pain，even if that means just listening to them saying about their pain or frustration.
Acceptance. Accept others.Now，acceptance doesn't necessarily mean that you agree with their thoughts or actions，and it simply means accepting them for who they are at that moment.
Respect. Along those lines，a caring person considers others' values and opinions to be important to them... even if they are different than yours.
A good listener.A caring person is an empathetic listener.He/She has the ability to put himself/herself in others' situation.When speaking with others, be fully present in the conversation and pay attention to detail in what they are saying.
4．What can we infer from the second paragraph
A．People expect to be listened to and praised.
B．Hurried life keeps us from caring about others.
C．It's hard to help others as we have no opportunity.
D．People usually listen without pity or attention.
5．What can we do to show our compassion to others
A．Realize their suffering and relieve their pain.
B．Show our agreement on their thoughts and actions.
C．Take their values and opinions seriously.
D．Focus on the detail of their experiences.
6．Which of the following best explains “empathetic” underlined in the last paragraph
A．Showing that you are determined to do something.
B．Showing that you care about other people.
C．Able to share another person's feelings or emotions as if they were their own.
D．Able to control and influence events and other people's actions.
7．What is the text mainly about
A．We're living a busy life.
B．Traveling after daily work.
C．The impact of caring about others.
D．How to be more caring.
C篇
Movie stars might think their lives are private after leaving the acting location, but they ought to know that they have much power over their audience.The power gives them an ability to change people，events, even history, making them to have the responsibility of being good role models.
With time going on, movie stars become celebrities (名人) and in the process get a large number of fans.Some of them follow their deeds, dress，and act like them. In reality，they want to be like their favorite movie stars.If a movie star engages in acts that the society does not approve，those who look up to them, especially the teens will do the same. Movie stars should be responsible for what they do and say as following the actions is now simpler because of social media. It is important to behave like a role model even when they think no one is watching.
Nobody is perfect，and movie stars also have had their down moments. They may not have been good role models at the time，but they can change the narrative by doing the right things.They can also turn the past shortcomings into positives by opening up about problems and how they overcame the challenges.And their audience can learn to discuss their problems and seek help.
People starring in movies are the target of companies to promote their products or services for a fee.Their celebrity status is a reason enough to think beyond the payment.A movie star should not recommend something that will influence the way teens live negatively. It would be wrong to promote something like sweetened drinks or foods without health benefits. Movie stars face problems like other people, but because of their influence, they have a responsibility to be role models in the public eye.
8．What is the second paragraph mainly about
A．Fans often follow their stars' dress and hobbies.
B．Movie stars' acts have a great impact on their fans.
C．Movie stars should be responsible for their fans.
D．Celebrities' actions spread fast on social media.
9．How should movie stars deal with their down moments
A．Lie to fans by making up a story.
B．Post their problems online to seek help.
C．Cover their problems with good movies.
D．Do the right things to overcome the problems.
10．Which is the author's advice to celebrities
A．Don't tell problems to the public.
B．Don't recommend unhealthy drinks or foods.
C．Don't ask for payment when promoting products.
D．Don't play roles that have a negative impact on teens.
11．What is the author's purpose of writing this article
A．To call on movie stars to be good role models.
B．To stress movie stars' impact on teens.
C．To tell movie stars how to help people in need.
D．To advise movie stars to open up about their problems.
[答题区]
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
答案
二、阅读七选五
[2023·全国乙卷]Indoor plants might look as if they just sit around not doing much, but in many ways they are the unsung heroes of the home. __1__， but studies have shown that they can promote people's wellbeing by improving their mood (心情), reducing stress and helping their memory. What's more, indoor plants are easy to look after and are not very expensive.
What are indoor plants
Indoor plants, also known as houseplants or pot plants, are plants that like to grow indoors. Many of these species (物种) are not ideally suited to growing outside in the UK, especially in the winter. __2__.
Why are indoor plants good for you
Will Spoelstra, who works at the Royal Botanic Gardens, says, “__3__. I find during the winter months, plants around the house can really lift your mood.” Several studies have backed this up and found that indoor plants can improve creativity, focus and memory. There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing harmful gases, such as carbon dioxide. They also remove some harmful chemicals from paints or cooking. __4__.
Which plants can you grow
Aloe vera, peace lilies and spider plants are some of the species that are easy to grow indoors. You can buy plants from supermarkets, garden centres or online. Younger plants are often cheaper than fully grown ones, and you get to care for them as they mature — which is part of the joy of owning plants. “__5__，” Spoelstra says. “It can bring a new interest and focus into people's lives and help to make the link between home and nature.”
A．All plants are different
B．Not only do they look beautiful
C．There are many benefits to growing plants indoors
D.Instead, they grow better inside, where it is warmer
E．Plants like peace lilies and devil's ivy are among the best
F．Changing the pot of your plant from time to time will also help
G．Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding
[答题区]
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________
三、语法填空
You already know the fact that regular exercise is important for controlling weight and 1.________ (avoid) a variety of health conditions. But it can also improve your academic 2.________ (perform). And if you're a distance learning student, you may miss out on some of the opportunities for physical activity offered to traditional students who routinely walk around campus. But it's well worth the effort 3.________ (put) the scheduled exercise into practice.
The study, which 4.________ (publish) in a journal, describes physical activity as 5.________ vigorous movement that produces sweat and heavy breathing. Mike McKenzie found that students who studied over three hours per day were 3.5 times 6.________ (likely) to be exercisers. Over a decade ago, McKenzie 7.________ (say) researchers discovered a link 8.________ exercise and focus in children.
More recently, another study by Johnson reveals that even short “microbursts” of physical activity throughout the day can have positive effects. Jennifer tells that sitting for long periods of time, 9.________college students tend to do, can have a negative health effect. In addition, the study found that five minute bouts of walking every hour had a positive impact on mood, tiredness, and hunger at the end of a day. This may be 10.________ (particular) beneficial to students who study all day long.
[答题区]
1．____________ 2.____________ 3.____________ 4.____________ 5.____________ 6．____________ 7.____________ 8.____________ 9.____________ 10.____________一轮组合训练(四十二)
一、阅读理解
A篇
I was brought up in a traditional Jewish family, and the coming of spring means the Passover holiday. For families of the Jewish faith, this holiday is one of the most important of the year. Families and friends gather together to conduct the Seder (逾越节家宴) to retell the story of the exodus (离开) of the Jewish people from slavery in Egypt. Much of the storytelling is aimed at educating the young about their Jewish history, so that they remember and tell the stories to their children.
Why is storytelling such an important part of every tradition Marcus Garvey said, “A people without the knowledge of their past history, origin and culture is like a tree without roots.” Our knowledge of our family and group identity helps us grow. Who we are as individuals in the world is rooted in our histories, and knowing these histories provides us with strength and flexibility. Being part of a cultural group and participating in the passing on of stories is highly beneficial for adolescents.
Michael Chandler and his colleagues, research psychologists at University of British Columbia, have been studying First Nation groups in western Canada. Like many first nation peoples, these groups have been torn from much of their traditional culture, including their language, and therefore their stories. Adolescents in these cultures are at high risk. Self harm is too frequent; in some groups, it is up to 800 times the national level. Yet for those groups that have managed to preserve their cultural stories and continue to do storytelling, adolescent risk is no higher than the national average. Like the story of the Jewish people escaping slavery, these stories are about overcoming great difficulties and surviving as a people. The power of family storytelling gives us hope for the future.
1．Why do Jewish families conduct the Seder during the Passover holiday
A．To entertain children with stories.
B．To pass down the cultural stories.
C．To welcome the coming of spring.
D．To celebrate their group's freedom.
2．Why does the author quote Marcus Garvey
A．To introduce the origin of the culture.
B．To advise us to gain more knowledge.
C．To explain the function of our identity.
D．To stress the importance of storytelling.
3．What does the author say about knowing history in Paragraph 2
A．It makes us strong and flexible.
B．It helps us escape from slavery.
C．It equips us with a secure future.
D．It is only beneficial for teenagers.
4．What can we learn about First Nation groups in western Canada
A．They preserve their culture well.
B．Their adolescents are more adventurous.
C．They know nothing about their cultural stories.
D．Their adolescents are more likely to hurt themselves.
B篇
Food blogs, celebrities, and nutritionists all advocate the benefits of eating organic fruits and vegetables. But a new study published in Science Advances paints a more complex picture. While organic produce is likely slightly healthier to eat and, in some ways, more sustainable to grow, there are also downsides．
Organic fruits and vegetables typically cost more than conventional ones. To get a certificate as being organic, farmers must meet specific criteria, including growing produce without the use of genetic engineering and chemical inputs. Without these methods, the growing process typically requires more labor, time, and money, a cost that is passed down to consumers.
It's true that in many ways, organic is more sustainable than conventional farming. But when it comes to environmental concerns such as greenhouse gas output and water loss, the comparison gets complex. Organic farms produce less greenhouse gas output per acre. However, because they are banned from using genetic engineering, pesticides, and other methods that increase efficiency, organic farms also produce an estimated 19% to 25% less yield than conventional farms. While there isn't a whole lot of research on the topic, the few studies that do exist suggest greenhouse gas output and water loss might actually be higher on organic farms, on a per unit basis, says study author Verena Seufert.
In addition, while organic produce is likely more nutritious than conventional fruits and vegetables, there's not a lot of evidence to support the claim that these slight differences influence consumer health. The same is true for pesticide remainder (残留部分) . In developed countries, where pesticide use is tightly regulated, there's no scientific consensus (共识) on how these slight differences influence human health.
Still, Seufert stresses that if you can afford to eat organic, you should do so. Organic farms provide safer work environments for workers, plus they support great biodiversity. The real takeaway from her study is not that organic is bad but that the practice needs more studies to increase yield without lowering sustainability.
But if you can't afford to buy organic produce, don't stress too much, particularly from a nutritional perspective.
5．What does the underlined word “downsides” in the first paragraph most probably mean
A．Dangers. B．Drawbacks. C．Benefits. D．Differences.
6．Which key factor makes it hard to say organic is more sustainable than conventional farming
A．The yield. B．The price. C．The water loss. D．The labor.
7．Which of the following will the author most probably agree with
A．Farmers' work environment should be improved.
B．Organic produce should be made more efficiently.
C．It isn't wise for consumers to buy organic produce.
D．Pesticide remainder does no harm to people's health.
8．Why should we support organic produce in the author's opinion
A．It's environmentally friendly.
B．It's more nutritious.
C．It helps keep the variety of plants.
D．It's safer for consumers.
C篇
“To me, love is the most important thing. What could be more healing than love？”
These words, like lines from a poem, are easy to agree with coming from Robin, who founded the Bumi Sehat Bali Clinic in central Ubnd, the setting for the film Eat Pray Love. Now the clinic provides treatment or educational support for over 100，000 people annually.
Giving birth to her first child at nineteen, Robin moved to Hawaii after college, working for several years on a farm, where she taught farming practices and poetry. But in 1991, she received heartbreaking news. Her idyllic life on the farm in Hawaii was turned upside down when her sister, expecting a child in Alabama, died of pregnancy complications (妊娠并发症).
“When my dear sister passed away, I realized mothers were dying everywhere, In countries with increased poverty, some people can't afford to go to the hospital. What motivated me initially was my love for my sister, but this soon grew into a concern for mothers and children all over the world.” Robin's feelings for her sister were transformed into a desire to help women everywhere in need.
To ensure that children are born healthy, nutritionally balanced meals are provided for expecting mothers free of charge. Those who lack housing are free to stay as long as it is necessary. The clinic also sees patients of all ages who have symptoms unrelated to childbirth, while providing facilities for language learning and IT education, and annually training over 6，000 nursing and midwifery (助产) students, backed by a scholarship program.
Just as Robin said, love is to be found inside the Bumi Sehat Bali Clinic. Perhaps feelings of showing kindness toward others and wanting to make the world a better place are the key to a brighter tomorrow.
9．Which of the following best explains “idyllic” underlined in Paragraph 3
A.Peaceful. B．Dramatic. C．Tough. D．Troublesome.
10．What made Robin change her career course at first
A．Her love for midwifery.
B．Her desire to help children.
C．Her sorrow for her sister's death.
D．Her loss of interest in poetry.
11．What do we know about the clinic
A．It is famous for its nursing program.
B．It offers mothers to be free diets.
C．It provides financial aid for mothers.
D．It has treated more than 6，000 patients.
12．What can we learn from Robin's story
A．Love makes the world a better place.
B．Ups and downs make one strong.
C．Kindness can be richly rewarded.
D．Hard work inspires great respect.
[答题区]
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
答案
二、阅读七选五
Take Action to Preserve Nature
Being concerned about the environment can feel overwhelming, but there are actions that you can take to help preserve the natural world.
Plant native trees.
By planting trees that are native to your area, you'll be working with the local ecosystem rather than against it. __1__ Little or no irrigation (灌溉) should be needed for most well placed native plants.
Join an environmental activist organization.
You can maximize the impact of your action by joining together with others who want to preserve nature. Be aware that there are organizations with environmental sounding names that actually work to dismantle (废除) legal protections for natural spaces. __2__
Spend time volunteering.
Most communities have nonprofit environmental organizations that rely on volunteer help in order to do their work. __3__ Internships and international opportunities are also available to those who are able to travel.
__4__
Make sure you share news about the threats to the environment, both inside and outside your community. Follow social media campaigns, and share their posts. Write letters to local newspapers and community blogs. Connect with other activists on social media. Share information through videos, photographs, and facts.
Consider your transportation options.
__5__ If you can drive, consider carpooling, or using public transportation. If you're in the habit of driving or flying, you may be using unnecessary fossil fuels and negatively impacting the environment.
A．Create a blog to get information.
B．They help with soil and water conservation.
C．Raise awareness of threats to nature.
D．Before you fly, consider the option of driving.
E．Research them thoroughly before getting involved in any action.
F．You'll avoid the energy required to transport products from far away.
G．Look in your local area for those that are doing the kind of work to preserve nature.
[答题区]
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________
三、语法填空
There was a time when, if a lady got into a crowded bus or train, a gentleman would immediately stand up and offer his seat 1.________ her. But now, he will probably look out of the window or hide behind his newspaper, 2.________ (leave) the lady standing 3.________ someone else gets off. You can't entirely blame men for this change in manners. 4.________ (go) are the days when women could be referred to the weak. A whole generation has grown up demanding 5.________ (equal) with men in jobs, in education and in social life. Hold a door for some women and you are likely 6.________ (get) an angry lecture on treating women as weaklings. Take a girl out for a meal and she will 7.________ (probable) insist on paying 8.________ (she) share of the bill.
It's no wonder that men have given up some of the automatic gestures of politeness and consideration which they used to show towards women. All these, according to some sociologists, will change men's attitude towards women and the 9.________ (convention) active politeness is perhaps slowly being 10.________ (replace) by true consideration for the needs and feelings of women, so that men can see women as equal human beings.
[答题区]
1．____________ 2.____________ 3.____________ 4.____________ 5.____________ 6．____________ 7.____________ 8.____________ 9.____________ 10.____________
一轮组合训练(三十四)
一、阅读理解
A篇
Getting along well with your neighbors makes your community a happier and safer place to live. The following tips can help you build good relations with your neighbors.
Maintain and clean any shared spaces. If you live in a duplex, townhome, or apartment, you might end up sharing responsibility for a hallway, entrance, or yard with your neighbors. Do your part to keep these spaces as nice as possible by removing or carefully storing your personal items, such as bikes or grills (烤架). Pick up any trash that you see, too.
Put your trash out at the right time and day. To keep your neighbors happy and your home clean, take out your trash according to the local schedule. Also, use the correct trash containers and follow any restrictions regarding chemicals or oversized items. If trash day passes and you notice that a particular item has not been picked up, call waste services for your area to ask why it was left behind.
Keep your pets quiet and under control. Closely follow all of your local laws regarding pet ownership. Have your animals fully vaccinated (注射疫苗的), licensed, and on a leash (用绳索拴住) when in your front yard or neighborhood. Let your neighbors know that they can come and talk with you if your pets are ever bothering them. For example, you might say, “If you ever hear my dog barking too much in the evenings，just let me know.”
Follow your area's noise regulations. Go to your city's web page and you'll find that certain noises, such as loud home repairs, are restricted to particular hours of the day. Keep this in mind as you go about your daily life and try to avoid being disruptive,__especially during early morning or evening hours. For example, if you know that the person next door works nights, then take that into account and adjust your noise levels accordingly.
1．What should you pay attention to when you share some spaces with your neighbors
A．Using the correct trash containers.
B．Making sure your pet dog is vaccinated.
C．Reducing your home repair noises.
D．Keeping these spaces as clean as possible.
2．What is conducted in relation with the local laws
A．Finding time for home repairs.
B．Taking out the trash from home.
C．Keeping pets under control.
D．Cleaning the shared spaces.
3．What can we infer from the fourth paragraph
A．Pet animals can help improve neighbor relations.
B．It can be acceptable for dogs to bark in the daytime.
C．Pet animals are lovely and they won't bother others.
D．Safety is the most important thing when we raise a pet.
4．What does the underlined word “disruptive” mean in the last paragraph
A．Bringing quarrels.
B．Feeling annoyed.
C．Causing disorder.
D．Making damage.
B篇
Forget calling the front desk. If you're a guest at an Affinia hotel, the staff will try to find out what you need just by looking at you.
The Affinia Hotel Collection is improving service in its five hotels in New York City and one each in Chicago and Washington D．C. Everyone from housekeeping to management will communicate with guests based on body language.
A body language expert trained employees on what cues (信号) to look for. A guest who makes eye contact while walking down the hall, for example, may be open to conversation. A businessman frequently touching an ear is probably nervous and may be interested in a therapeutic pillow (理疗枕头).
“So many companies, when they talk about the service, they program it to how many rings till you answer the phone，” says John Moser, marketing officer for Affinia. “That doesn't sound very reasonable. Let's give employees some tools they can use to find out what's the right way to talk with somebody at a particular time.”
Patti Wood, a body language expert who carried out the Affinia training, says she has never seen such training given to all hotel employees. “All of the training is to make sure every single guest is treated as special，” she says.
Staff questions about a guest's day won't disappear, Moser says. But, he says, small talk isn't always enough to get a reading of a guest's needs. “You can't always tell from the first sentence whether someone is happy or unhappy，” he says. “Measuring some of the things they're showing with the way they're talking to you, can help our employees provide a service that's more personal for them.”
5．What are Affinia hotels doing
A．Improving the front desk service.
B．Understanding their employees better.
C．Setting up new hotels in different cities.
D．Providing better service by means of body language.
6．What should a hotel employee do if a guest looks into his or her eyes
A．Offer a pillow.
B．Make small talk.
C．Avoid looking at the guest.
D．Be open to the guest's suggestions.
7．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 4 refer to
A．The company. B．The service. C．The phone. D．The hotel.
8．What does Patti Wood think of Affinia's training
A．It provides guests with special service.
B．It has been a popular training model.
C．It will take the place of staff questions.
D．It features small talk.
C篇
I had always dreamed of living and working in New York, which promised endless opportunities. But as soon as I arrived, I realized that my journey was going to be filled with countless setbacks and challenges.
My first major failure came when I landed my dream job at a famous company. However, after just a few months, I was let go due to budget cuts. I was shocked and felt like all of my hard work had been for nothing.
Determined to bounce back, I applied for a new job at another company. This time, things seemed to be going better. I was making progress and gaining valuable experience, but then I was suddenly laid off again due to company restructuring.
Feeling defeated and hopeless, I decided to take a break from the job search and focus on self improvement. I enrolled in courses and attended workshops to learn new skills and expand my knowledge. But even with all of these efforts, I still couldn't find the right job.
One day, while searching online job listings, I found an opportunity that seemed too good to be true. It was a remote position that offered a competitive salary and flexible hours. Without hesitation, I applied and was thrilled when I received an offer letter.
However, as soon as I started working remotely, I realized that it wasn't the same as being in an office with colleagues (同事) around me. I struggled to communicate effectively and found it difficult to stay motivated without the support of my team.
Despite these challenges, I refused to give up. I reached out to my colleagues and tried to build relationships with them through virtual meetings and social media. With their help and encouragement, I was able to adapt to the new environment and excel in my role.
Looking back on my journey, I realized that success is not about avoiding failure, but rather about learning from it and persevering through the tough times. I encouraged others who may be facing similar challenges in their own careers to never give up their dreams and to keep pushing forward even when things get tough.
9．How did the author feel about his journey when he arrived
A．Better. B．Promising. C．Tough. D．Well paid.
10．What caused the author to be laid off by the first company
A．Company restructuring.
B．Financial problems.
C．Being short of skills.
D．Working attitude.
11．Why did the author keep in touch with his colleagues
A．He wanted them not to give up.
B．He wanted to get support from them.
C．He wanted to be better than them.
D．He wanted to hold a meeting with them.
12．Which of the following can best describe the author
A．Determined. B．Modest. C．Imaginative. D．Generous.
[答题区]
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
答案
二、阅读七选五
Riding a bike is a physical activity. I didn't realize that riding a bike would teach me so much about life but it has and continues to each and every time I ride. Here are my favorite life lessons learned from riding a bike.
Get comfortable with discomfort.
__1__ This used to scare me and make me want to quit! In real life, being able to handle discomfort allows me to experience and achieve more. Instead of quitting at the first sign of discomfort, I can push through and see what life is like on the other side.
For every uphill, there is a downhill.
Riding down a big hill is exhilarating, fun, and I never want it to end. Yet, in life as in cycling, there are periods of life where we absolutely have to get ourselves up the hill! __2__ Yet, by pushing ourselves to get up the hills in our lives, we enjoy magnificent views, feel pride, get stronger, and eventually get to enjoy a downhill ride!
Look out for others.
__3__ They make sure every single rider is keeping up with the group. If someone is falling back, they will slow down and see if they simply need encouragement or if they need some actual help. From them, I've learned how important it is to watch out for the other people in your life.
__4__
My partner can do multi day rides that cover 150＋ miles! I celebrate ANY ride that is over 20 miles. If I only compared myself to him, I'd feel terrible about my riding. I've discovered that I must celebrate any improvement I make. Each rider is having their own experience. __5__ My journey, while often taken along with others, is still just my own and making comparisons is never helpful.
A．And I am having mine.
B．Don't compare yourself to others.
C．Caring about others is a popular quality.
D．Our lives will never be downhill all the time.
E．There are times when cycling that you feel discomfort.
F．You feel comfortable when you get up a hill with other riders.
G．Some riders in our group are always looking out for the other riders.
[答题区]
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________
三、语法填空
According to a recent survey conducted by an online survey platform, some 96 percent of surveyed youth said they were willing to purchase guochao products, 1.________ refer to products by home grown brands. 2.________ the same time, 91.6 percent of respondents 3.________ (voice) their expectations of more video programs digging deeper into traditional Chinese culture. The age group of the interviewees ranged from the post 80s to the post 00s generations, with the latter 4.________ (account) for 22.1 percent.
“Nowadays we are 5.________ (deep) connected with most countries in the world, which results in a comprehensive understanding of the outside world, yet we still have confidence in our own culture. This sense of pride 6.________ (base) on rational thinking，” said professor Su Junbin of Xiamen University.
Unlike before, when they might favor Western culture and brands, today's Chinese youth were born and raised when the 7.________ (country) economy was taking off, so they tend to have strong confidence in their national identity and culture. They have gained 8.________ full understanding of the outside world, and after several rounds of comparison, have finally found 9.________ (they) to be in a strong position. So the time 10.________ (push) forward cultural products imprinted with traditional Chinese cultural features, is perfect.
[答题区]
1．____________ 2.____________ 3.____________ 4.____________ 5.____________ 6．____________ 7.____________ 8.____________ 9.____________ 10.____________一轮组合训练(二十三)
一、阅读理解
A篇
Applications
Mark On Call HD
Specifically made for the iPad, Mark On Call HD is a complete planning and design tool for interior design (室内设计) professionals and serious do it yourselfers. This practical planning tool lets you imagine again any space in your home by applying different styles, colors and decorations. With the iPad camera, decorations and other room elements can be covered in an existing space, and resulting images can be measured and stored. With Mark On Call HD, you can create shopping lists, and everything is convenient to professional designers or contractors (承包商).
Platform: iOS
Price: $6.99
Garden Plan Pro
If you plan on eating what you grow, then Garden Plan Pro will set you on the right path. Whether you are laying out a vegetable garden, a herb garden or a fruit garden, Garden Plan Pro will give you great tips and easy to read instructions. Garden Plan Pro will adapt to your area and growing conditions, and a free online service will provide you with twice a month reminders and a to do list.
Platform: iOS
Price : $9.99
Home Maintenance
Home Maintenance is a convenient service that helps you follow the maintenance and repair of your home and garden. Whether it's checking smoke alarms, scheduling the annual HVAC service, or cleaning the gutters (雨水槽), Home Maintenance will remind you in a timely fashion of what needs to be done. You can use prepared lists or create your own, and note taking and receipt saving tools allow you to track everything that happens.
Platform: iOS
Price: $4.99
1．What can Mark On Call HD make easier to do
A．Going shopping.
B．Taking pictures.
C．Decorating houses.
D．Building new houses.
2．How much do you have to pay if you need help in growing plants
A．$4.99. B．$6.99. C．$9.99. D．$11.98.
3．How does Home Maintenance help you
A．By telling you everything happening in your home.
B．By helping keep your home functioning well.
C．By making sure you have much pleasure.
D．By making your home more comfortable.
B篇
The first essay I wrote for my history of English class was perfect, at least from my perspective. I had worked on it constantly and couldn't wait to get my grade back. I handed it in with pride.
Two weeks later, I received my grade: a D. The pages were covered in red writing pointing out errors. There must have been a mistake.
University started later for me than most. The opportunity wasn't available when I was younger—too many kids in our family and too little money. But I never stopped wondering what university would have been like. I was in my 40s when I sent in my application and became a part time student, and I will be in my 60s before I'm finished. That's my goal.
What's it like to be the old guy in a class full of 20 year olds It's strange. They pretty much ignored me, and I ignored them. They also ignored each other. However, after we had more group work together, people started to communicate. Although I was an English major, some of my favorite classes were unrelated electives. Courses in art history and Greek and Roman history were fascinating. I was eager to do well.
I arranged a meeting to discuss my essay grade and arrived 10 minutes early to meet the teacher's assistant, I was ready to argue for the brilliance of my paper. However, she quickly explained to me that the paper failed to make a strong argument. The mark remained.
While I kept studying and kept learning, I learned to love two dozen writers I had never heard of before and explored types of literature I had never examined. Eventually, I learned how to write an essay in proper academic prose.
University is different when you are a senior, part time student. If you are there because you want to establish a career or because your parents force you to go, there are other pressures. For me, it's just learning. Whether I'm learning remotely or in person, it makes the world a bigger and richer place.
4．How did the writer feel after seeing the grade of his first essay
A．Hopeless. B．Pleased. C．Excited. D．Surprised.
5．Why did the writer start university later than others
A．His application was refused.
B．His teacher disliked his essay.
C．His was in poor health.
D．His family was not rich enough.
6．What helped the writer in writing a proper academic essay
A．Strong curiosity.
B．Constant efforts.
C．Great pressure.
D．Remarkable creativity.
7．Which would be the best title for the passage
A．Practice Makes Perfect
B．Not All That Shines Is Gold
C．Where There Is a Will, There Is a Way
D．Action Speaks Louder Than Words
C篇
Gladys West, the mathematician, was born in 1930 in Virginia and had to help harvest crops on her family's farm. The hard work started before daybreak and lasted well into the blistering heat of the afternoon. To get out of there, she was going to get an education.
Her parents tried to save some money to send her to college, but unexpected bills kept hitting the fund. Then a teacher announced that the state was going to give a college scholarship to the two top students from her grade. Finally, West got the scholarship, allowing her to attend Virginia State College (now Virginia State University), a historically black university.
West decided to major in mathematics because it was a well respected subject. It was largely studied by men, but she didn't take much notice of it as she knew deep in her heart that nothing was getting in her way. After graduating, she became a teacher. A few years later, she returned to the university and earned a master's degree in mathematics. Then she was offered a job at a naval base in Dahlgren, Virginia. This made her only the second black woman to be hired to work as a programmer at the base.
Despite her intellectual abilities and career success, West felt she was inferior. It was this feeling, deeply rooted and felt by many African Americans, that drove her to work as hard as she could. West determined to commit herself to her work, hoping that by doing it to the best of her ability, she could get recognition for her work.
West did just that. In 1978, she became project manager for the Seasat project, the first satellite that could monitor the oceans. She programmed an IBM 7030 “Stretch” computer, providing faster calculations for an accurate Earth model. This detailed mathematical model of the shape of the Earth was a__building__block for what would become the GPS orbit. In 1998, aged 68, she intended to focus on her PhD after retirement. She eventually finished her graduation thesis and gained her PhD in public administration and policy affairs in 2000 at the age of 70.
8．What was the decisive factor to enable Gladys West to go to the university
A．Her teacher's aiding her.
B．Her parents' paying for the expenses.
C．Her family background.
D．The scholarship from the government.
9．What can we infer from the text
A．West got all her degrees after retirement.
B．Men dominated the maths field in West's days.
C．Black women scientists' talent was fully appreciated.
D．When she began to work, West felt she was superior to others.
10．What does the underlined phrase “a building block” in Paragraph 5 mean
A．A basic part. B．A detailed map. C．A building material. D．A major obstacle.
11．What kind of person is Cladys West
A．Helpful and serious.
B．Honest and hardworking.
C．Ambitious and committed.
D．Considerate and devoted.
[答题区]
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
答案
二、完形填空
In late spring 2021, a nervous student named Kara walked into an office at a famous private high school. Kara had an appointment to discuss her college admission. Kara took a seat at the table. Across from her sat her college counselor (大学辅导员), __1__ a file.
“So, how are your __2__ going to be this semester？” the counselor asked. “Not as __3__ as I hoped, probably some Bs，” Kara answered.
The counselor glanced down at the list of __4__ where Kara wanted to apply. “Stanford has a ten percent acceptance rate. Do you know what that __5__？” she asked.
“That one out of ten get in？” Kara ventured.
“It means that nine get __6__，” the counselor replied. “Kara, do you think that you're __7__ than those nine other people？”
Kara became speechless. “Kara，” the counselor said calmly, “Stanford doesn't take students with Bs. With these __8__ grades you're not going to get into your ideal schools. The students who apply to these schools have done __9__ things.”
Kara knew exactly the type of “amazing” student her counselor meant. But here's the thing: Kara did get in. In fact, she was __10__ to twenty of the twenty one schools she applied to, including Stanford—__11__， to the surprise of her counselor, that those schools do __12__ accept students with Bs.
Unlike most of __13__ students, Kara actually wasn't so busy and enjoyed high school. Kara __14__ hope for stressed students everywhere: it might be possible to __15__ without burning out.
The secret to Kara's success is straightforward: she did genuinely interesting and meaningful things besides learning school subjects.
1．A.making out B．writing down C．taking over D．looking through
2．A.plans B．grades C．projects D．contests
3．A.many B．smooth C．good D．lucky
4．A.schools B．factories C．companies D．hospitals
5．A.devotes B．means C．explains D．says
6．A.accepted B．rejected C．included D．confirmed
7．A.earlier B．taller C．stronger D．better
8．A.special B．unique C．average D．temporal
9．A.amazing B．brilliant C．incredible D．unusual
10．A.permitted B．invited C．recognized D．admitted
11．A.stating B．proving C．proposing D．concluding
12．A.regularly B．frequently C．eventually D．occasionally
13．A.competitive B．popular C．careful D．optimistic
14．A.introduced B．provided C．killed D．contributed
15．A.make out B．turn out C．stand out D．give out
[答题区]
1～5 ________________ 6～10 ________________ 11～15 ________________Part Ⅰ 一轮组合训练
一轮组合训练(一)
一、阅读理解
A篇
【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了四款专门用于学习英语的应用软件，包括它们各自的特色和费用等。
1．答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据ELSA Speak部分中的“Price: Free”可知，ELSA Speak是一款免费的应用软件，而其他三款应用软件都是需要收费的。
2．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据Lingodeer部分中的“Lingodeer takes you from beginner to intermediate through fun lessons with games and short exercises.”可知，Lingodeer这款应用软件通过含有游戏和简短练习的有趣课程让初级英语学习者成为中级英语学习者。故如果你想以有趣的方式学习英语，那么Lingodeer是最佳选择。
3．答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据Mondly部分中的“Mondly focuses on conversational phrases for everyday situations”和“Mondly does great at teaching conversational phrases that you can use in real life”以及Babbel部分中的“Babbel teaches you English through 15 minute lessons that feature realistic conversations”可知，这两款应用软件都提供与现实对话有关的英语学习课程。
B篇
【语篇解读】 文章主要介绍了黄石国家公园提供的几项护林员项目。
4．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据每个项目后的时间“Experiencing Wildlife in Yellowstone (May 26 to September 2) [在黄石体验野生动物(5月26日至9月2日)]”和“Junior Ranger Wildlife Olympics (June 5 to August 21) [少年游骑兵野生动物奥林匹克运动会(6月5日至8月21日)]”与“Canyon Talks at Artist Point (June 9 to September 2) [在Artist Point的峡谷会谈(6月9日至9月2日)]”以及“Photography Workshops (June 19 & July 10) [摄影研讨会(6月19日和7月10日)]”可知，四个项目中在黄石体验野生动物开始的时间最早。故选D。
5．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据文章“Canyon Talks at Artist Point (June 9 to September 2) [在Artist Point的峡谷会谈(6月9日至9月2日)]”部分中的“From a classic viewpoint, enjoy Lower Falls, the Yellowstone River, and the breathtaking colors of the canyon (峡谷) while learning about the area's natural and human history. (从一个经典的视角，欣赏下瀑布、黄石河和峡谷的壮丽色彩，同时了解该地区的自然和人类历史)”可知，在Artist Point的简短演讲主题是关于峡谷地区的历史的。故选D。
6．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据文章“Photography Workshops (June 19 & July 10) [摄影研讨会(6月19日和7月10日)]”部分中的“7/10—Wildflowers & White Balance: meet at Washburn Trailhead in Chittenden parking area. (7/10—Wildflowers & White Balance：在奇滕登停车场的Washburn Trailhead举行)”可知，7月10日的摄影研讨会将在Washburn Trailhead举行。故选B。
C篇
【语篇解读】 作者在成长过程中，几乎从来不喜欢读小说，课外读物对作者来说也没有吸引力。作者把时间都用在消化研究论文和教科书上。为了让自己重新享受阅读，作者决定尝试阅读小说。结果是作者几乎立刻感受到了阅读小说的妙处，并从中受益匪浅。
7．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第一段的“So after dinner，I made a cup of hot chocolate...It was exactly what I needed”可知，晚餐之后，作者在沙发上翻开一本小说，几乎瞬间就忘却了实验设计的细节，进入了一个充满怪兽、魔法粉和人形熊的奇妙世界。故选D项。
8．答案与解析：A 词句猜测题。根据第二段的“Growing up, I was virtually never a big fan of novels. My classmates would be crazy about the latest Harry Potter book”和“Instead, I would choose to read...for better grades”可知，作者的同班同学着迷于最新的《哈利·波特》，作者却几乎从来不喜欢读小说。作者选择阅读与学科相关的参考书，以获得更好的成绩。换句话说，作者不喜欢与提高学习成绩无关的课外阅读，觉得这样做是浪费时间。故选A项。B项“很值得花时间阅读好书”，C项“他太忙了，没有照顾好他的书”，D项“最新的《哈利·波特》并没有期望中的那么好”。
9．答案与解析：D 推理判断题。根据第三段的“I made a New Year's resolution...ones that have benefited my schoolwork”和第四段的“with an unexpected benefit...serve it, heart and soul”可知，作者制订新年计划，即一整年每个月读两本小说。意想不到的是，阅读小说使作者的课业受益，作者开始更深入地思考科学界问题的多样性，并能全心全意地为之服务。再结合第一段的内容可知，作者所研究的内容与科学有关。由此可推知，作者对自己的学科有了新的见解，故选D项。
10．答案与解析：C 主旨大意题。纵观全文可知，本文主要讲述了作者最开始几乎不喜欢读小说，到后来爱上读小说，并从中获益的故事。故C项“小说：二见钟情”最适合作本文标题。A项“阅读：终生的爱好”，B项“研究论文的力量”，D项“历史阅读的益处”，均与全文的主旨不符。
二、完形填空
【语篇解读】 来自美国的Katya最近创造了历史。她成为第一个飞往太空的墨西哥裔美国女性，也是有史以来全球最年轻的飞往太空的女性之一。
1．答案与解析：A 根据下文she was able to accomplish可推知，此处表示：那是她一生的梦想。
2．答案与解析：D 根据下文its fifth group of passengers可知，此处表示：运送第五组乘客。carry意为“运送”，符合语境。
3．答案与解析：A 根据语境可知，此处表示：Katya得到了申请六个席位中的一个的机会。opportunity意为“机会”，符合语境。
4．答案与解析：B 根据语境可知，此处表示：这一组织的目的是将“精英领袖人物”送到太空。goal意为“目标；目的”，符合语境。
5．答案与解析：C 根据下文可知，a phenomenon是对overview effect的解释，由此可推知，此处表示：让他们体验“总观效应”。
6.答案与解析：B 根据语境可知，此处是对overview effect的解释，此处表示：宇航员从太空俯瞰地球后描述的现象。
7．答案与解析：B 根据语境可知，此处表示：当你申请去太空旅行时。apply to意为“申请”，符合语境。
8．答案与解析：C 根据语境及下文go for it和always take a shot可推知，前后两句表对比，此处表示：当你申请去太空旅行时，你不会真的期望实现它。
9．答案与解析：A 根据go for it可知，此处表示：我决定去努力争取。decide意为“决定”，符合语境。
10．答案与解析：D 根据上文always take a shot及even if可知，此处表示：我是那种一直会不断去尝试的人，即使它看起来不可能。
11．答案与解析：D 根据语境可知，Katya希望她的成功能对她的社区产生影响。
12．答案与解析：C 根据语境可知，此处表示：当我是个小女孩时，我经常被告知那是一个荒谬的想法。constantly意为“一直；重复不断地”，符合语境。
13．答案与解析：C 根据上文it was a ridiculous idea可推知，此处表示：因为它是多么不切实际。unrealistic意为“不切实际的”，符合语境。
14．答案与解析：A 根据语境可知，此处表示：给这些年轻女性和女孩提供一个榜样。provide...with...意为“给……提供……”，符合语境。
15．答案与解析：B 根据上文something that is real and possible可推知，此处表示：能够发生在你的身上。
一轮组合训练（二）
一、阅读理解
A篇
【语篇解读】 介绍了一些关于从哪里开始你的曼谷美食之旅的建议。
1．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据小标题Nahm下的段落中“Head Chef David Thompson, who received a Michelin star for his London based Thai restaurant of the same name, opened this branch in the Metropolitan Hotel in 2010.[主厨大卫·汤普森（David Thompson）在伦敦的同名泰国餐厅获得了米其林一星，他于2010年在大都会酒店开设了这家分店]”以及小标题Issaya Siamese Club下的段落中“Issaya Siamese Club is internationally known Thai chef Ian Kittichai's first flagship Bangkok restaurant. （Issaya Siamese Club是国际知名的泰国厨师Ian Kittichai的第一家曼谷旗舰餐厅）”可知，Nahm和Issaya Siamese Club的共同之处是他们都有一流的厨师。故选C项。
2．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据小标题Bo. Lan下的段落中“For those extremely hungry, there's a large set menu. （对于那些极度饥饿的人来说，这里有一份很大的套餐）”可知，Bo. Lan提供大型套餐。故选B项。
3．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据小标题Gaggan下的段落中“The best table in this two story colonial Thai home offers a window right into the kitchen, where you can see chef Gaggan and his staff in action. （在这座两层殖民时期的泰国住宅中，最好的桌子有一扇通往厨房的窗户，在那里你可以看到Gaggan厨师和他的员工在工作）”可知，Gaggan的特别之处是它向客人展示了烹饪过程。故选D项。
B篇
【语篇解读】 通过学习冥想的基本要领，你就可以开启通往觉悟和幸福的旅程。
4．答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“The goal of meditation is ultimately to focus and quiet your mind—eventually reach a higher level of awareness and inner calmness.”可知，冥想可以让你的内心平静下来。
5．答案与解析：D 词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“Find a place where you will not be interrupted for the duration of your meditation”可知，如果打算进行冥想，你应找一个在冥想期间不会被打扰的地方；再根据画线词后的“lasts 5 minutes or half an hour”可知，画线词it指代的事情持续5分钟或半小时，由此可推知，it指代的就是上文提到的meditation“冥想”。
6．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Try to do your meditation at the same time each day, and make it a regular part of your daily routine.”可知，作者建议人们尝试每天在同一时间进行冥想，并将其作为日常生活的一个常规部分。由此可推知，作者强烈建议定期冥想。
7．答案与解析：A 标题概括题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了人们应如何进行有效的冥想：要确保在一个安静的地方冥想，以保持专注。故A项“如何冥想：关键在于专注”可以概括文章的主旨，是本文的最佳标题。
C篇
【语篇解读】 一组研究人员发现东北虎的不同性格帮助它们生存和养育幼崽。研究人员基于一个名为“大五人格测试”的人类测试进行研究。他们让饲养员监视东北虎，并描述它们的性格，然后将东北虎分成两类。他们认为两种性格都有帮助东北虎生存的优势。
8．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，研究东北虎行为的一组研究人员发现它们有不同的性格类型，这些性格帮助东北虎生存并养育幼崽。再结合第二段的内容可知，第二段主要介绍了东北虎的特点、栖息地和种群数量。由此可知，第二段的作用主要是补充东北虎的相关信息。故选B项。A项“证明一个论点”，B项“补充背景信息”，C项“总结上一段”，D项“引出一个新的讨论话题”。
9．答案与解析：D 推理判断题。根据第三段的“The researchers based the study on a human test...having either ‘Majesty’ or ‘Steadiness’”可知，研究人员基于一个名为“大五人格测试”的人类测试进行研究，该测试对人们的五种性格特征进行评分。他们让饲养员监视东北虎，并描述它们的性格，然后据此将东北虎分为两类，即“威严”类或“沉稳”类。故选D项。A项“将它们分类以供检查”，B项“给它们的五种性格特征打分”，C项“在实验室进行对比实验”，D项“通过性格测试观察它们”。
10．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据题干中的人名Rosalind Arden将答案定位至第四段。Rosalind Arden说，很高兴看到，想要成为一只成功的老虎，它不必是强大的、凶猛的、有竞争力的和好斗的。这与人们看待老虎的传统观点是不相符的。故选D项。
11．答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“There were female and male tigers in both categories”可知，两种类别中都有雌虎和雄虎。由此可推测，老虎的性格几乎不存在性别差异。故选A项。B项“沉稳的性格减少了老虎生存的机会”，C项“由于此项研究，人们付出了更大努力保护（东北虎）”，D项“老虎幼崽的性格类型受其父母的影响”。
二、阅读七选五
【语篇解读】 如何度过高中的最后一个寒假？本文针对这一问题，为即将毕业的高中生们提供了几条建议。
1．答案与解析：G 根据上一句“The winter vacation during the senior year of high school can be a stressful time for students.”可知，高三的寒假，对学生来说是一个充满压力的时期。下一句提到他们也可能会因为与家人和朋友相处的时间减少而感到悲伤。根据其中的also可推知，空处会描述学生会面临的另一种压力。故G项“他们可能正在应对选择学校的压力”承上启下，符合语境。
2．答案与解析：F 根据上一句“After you enter college，you have to do a lot of things on your own.”可知，进入大学后，你必须自己做很多事情。也就是说你要变得独立，对自己负责。故F项“你会变得独立，对自己负责”承接上文，符合语境。
3．答案与解析：E 根据上一句“However, the last winter break might be the freest time they'll have for a while.”可知，最后一个寒假可能是高中生一段时间内最自由的一段时光，学生们最好在这一段时间内确定好自己喜欢的专业，故E项“所以弄清你在大学里真正想学什么”承接上文，符合语境。
4．答案与解析：B 根据下一句“Take another visit to ensure you're making the right choice.”可知，再次参观可以确保你作出正确的选择，由此可知，上文应该说明不要只参观一次校园，然后接着阐述再次参观学校的重要性。故B项“不要只参观一次校园”引出下文，符合语境。
5．答案与解析：A 根据空后的内容可知，随着你进入大学生活，你可能不会经常回家，所以要抓住这个机会，享受与朋友和家人待在一起的时光。故A项“享受在家的美好时光”符合本段语境。
三、语法填空
1．答案与解析：based 此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，base与drones之间为逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词；短语be based on意为“基于”。
2．答案与解析：more flexible 根据后文compared to the previous ones可知应用形容词的比较级。
3．答案与解析：a technique在此处为泛指，且special的发音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。
4．答案与解析：making make在句中作结果状语，应用现在分词。
5．答案与解析：and 空后undertake和空前deliver并列，应用并列连词and。
6．答案与解析：reveals 根据后文use可知，此处应用一般现在时，主语为动名词短语，谓语用第三人称单数形式。
7．答案与解析：be performed 根据空前的can可知，应用动词原形，skill和perform为被动关系，故用“be＋过去分词”形式。
8．答案与解析：to 固定短语be similar to意为“类似于”。
9．答案与解析：safety 空处作宾语，应用名词形式。
10．答案与解析：which/that 此处引导定语从句，先行词为ones，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用which/that引导。
一轮组合训练（三）
一、阅读理解
A篇
【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了学生在学习了约翰·伯格的《观看之道》之后需要完成的作业的要求。
1．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Your focus is not to simply describe the visual text you're analyzing, but to explain to the readers the argument which is proposed by the visual text.”可知，重点不是仅仅描述正在分析的视觉文本，而是向读者解释视觉文本提出的论点。由此可知，论文应该以解释视觉文本的论点为中心，故选B项。
2．答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据The Schedule & Due Date部分的“All work is due at the beginning of class on the dates listed below; late work will be downgraded.”可知，在下述日期上课前未按时交作业的学生，成绩等级会降低；再根据“March 22nd：A four page essay by freewriting...due”可知，你需要在3月22日上课前提交四页的论文；综合这两处内容可知，如果你在3月22日之后提交论文，会得到较低的分数，故选A项。
3．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Having studied..., you will write a four page image analysis essay and interpret what you ‘see’ when you study the visual text.”及The Schedule & Due Date部分的“All work is due at the beginning of class on the dates listed below; late work will be downgraded.”可知，在学习《观看之道》后，你需要写一篇四页的论文，解释当你研究视觉文本时“看到”了什么；所有作业必须在指定日期上课前交，迟交的作业会得到较低的分数。本文主要介绍了作业要求，最有可能来自课程任务。故选C。
B篇
【语篇解读】 Ankit Kawatra在参加了一次婚礼后发现，婚宴上食物浪费问题严重，从此他便开始收集剩饭，并把它们分发给忍饥挨饿的人。后来，他成立了慈善组织Feeding India，帮很多人解决了饥饿问题。
4．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，Kawatra在参加了一次很豪华的婚礼后，发现食物浪费问题非常严重，这促使他开始收集剩饭以帮助他人解决饥饿问题。
5．答案与解析：D 词义猜测题。Kawatra要想在婚宴上收集剩饭剩菜，需征得主办方的同意。由此可推知，caterer指承办酒席的人，也就是为酒席提供饮食的人。
6．答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Feeding India, though, has made it easy, with the helpline.”可知，你可以通过拨打热线电话的方式与Feeding India联系。
7．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“The meals have improved enrollment and the kids have grown to 150”可知，该组织给学校捐赠饭菜后，该校的入学率提高了，孩子数量从70增加到了150。所以，更多孩子愿意到这里来学习。
C篇
【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了一个利用基因测序技术成功治愈乳腺癌的案例，并讲到了该技术的发展。
8．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The approach recognizes we each possess unique characteristics”和第二段中的“researchers are creating precision tools...gene editing”可以推断，个性化医疗认为我们每个人都拥有独特的特征，因此，研究人员在研究与基因相关的很多技术，故选C项。
9．答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The science and technology soon...in removing some diseases”可知，科学和技术（精密工具）将很快能在你生病前几年预测疾病的风险，还为改变基因以消除某些疾病提供了前景。由此可以推断，精密工具很有前景，故选A项。A项“有希望的，前景光明的”，B项“高风险的”，C项“没有成果的，徒然的”，D项“绝密的”。
10．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The team also...tested them to see which ones recognized her cancer cells' genetic faults...put them into Perkins to attack her cancer cells”可知，研究人员测试哪些免疫细胞能够识别她体内癌症细胞的基因缺陷，并复制了数十亿获胜的免疫细胞，把它们放入Perkins体内来攻击她的癌细胞。由此可见，在治疗Judy Perkins的过程中，研究人员确认了抗癌细胞，故选D项。
11．答案与解析：A 段落大意题。根据最后一段中的“Today sequencing costs about a thousand dollars...clarifies the astonishing biochemical variations that make every human body unique”可以看出，本段主要讲了基因测序的最新进展，故选A项。B项“它的广泛应用”，C项“它的主要缺陷”，D项“它的诱人前景”。
二、完形填空
【语篇解读】 文章主要讲述了在明尼苏达州举行的一次越野赛中，Melanie Bailey背着另一个参赛者Danielle Lenoue过终点线并接受医疗检查的善行义举。
1．答案与解析：D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛。A.designed设计；B.followed跟随；C.changed改变；D.finished完成。根据下一段的“carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get 8 attention”可知，Bailey在比赛中背一名参赛者，所以完成比赛晚了，因此句子表示“Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛”。故选D。
2．答案与解析：A 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。A.delay 延误；B.chance机会；C.trouble麻烦；D.excuse借口。根据上文“Melanie Bailey should have 1 the course earlier than she did”和上一题的解析可知，Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛，她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。故选A。
3．答案与解析：D 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的延迟是因为她背着一名参赛者冲过终点线。A.judge裁判；B.volunteer志愿者；C.classmate同学；D.competitor参赛者。根据第一段的“hundreds of runners competed in a cross country race”可知，她是背着一名参赛者冲过终点线。故选D。
4．答案与解析：A 考查名词词义辨析。句意：据当地一家报纸报道，当Bailey跑到比赛的三分之二多的时候，她前面的一名选手开始痛苦地哭喊。A.race比赛；B.school学校；C.town城镇；D.training 训练。根据第一段的“hundreds of runners competed in a cross country race”可知，此处是说“当Bailey跑到比赛的三分之二多的时候”。故选A。
5．答案与解析：C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她停下来帮助她的同伴Danielle Lenoue。A.agreed同意；B.returned回来；C.stopped停止；D.promised答应。根据下文“to help her fellow runner”可知，她停下来帮助她的同伴Danielle Lenoue。故选C。
6．答案与解析：B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Bailey扶着她的胳膊，看看她能否在她的帮助下向前走。A.courage勇气；B.aid帮助；C.patience耐心；D.advice建议。根据上文“Bailey took her arm”可知，此处表示看她是否能在Bailey的帮助下向前走。故选B。
7．答案与解析：D 考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后Bailey弯下腰，让Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺，到Lenoue接受医疗检查的地方。A.went away离开； B．stood up站起来；C.stepped aside让路；D.bent down弯腰。根据下文“let Lenoue climb onto her back”可知，Bailey弯下腰，让勒诺爬到她的背上。故选D。
8．答案与解析：A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后Bailey弯下腰，让Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺，到Lenoue接受治疗的地方。A.medical医疗的；B.public公众的；C.constant持续不断的；D.equal平等的。根据上文“began crying in pain”可知，Danielle Lenoue很疼，所以是要接受医疗检查，medical attention意为“医疗救助”。故选A。
9．答案与解析：B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lenoue在那里接受了检查，后来被送往医院，在那里她得知自己的一个膝盖受了重伤。A.interrupted打断；B.assessed评估；C.identified识别；D.appreciated感激。根据下文“later taken to a hospital”可知，她是先接受了检查，再被送往医院，也就是先接受评估。故选B。
10．答案与解析：B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果没有Bailey的帮助，她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查站。A.hunger饥饿；B.pain疼痛；C.cold感冒；D.tiredness疲劳。根据第5空前的“began crying in pain”可知，此处表示“如果没有Bailey的帮助，她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查站”。故选B。
11．答案与解析：C 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：至于Bailey，她更困惑的是为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。A.worried担心的；B.ashamed惭愧的；C.confused困惑的；D.discouraged泄气的。根据下文“I feel like I was just doing the right thing”可知，Bailey觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，所以她对她的行为被认为是一件大事感到困惑。故选C。
12．答案与解析：D 考查名词词义辨析。句意：至于Bailey，她更困惑的是为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。A.game游戏；B.problem问题；C.lesson课；D.deal交易，局面。根据下文“I feel like I was just doing the right thing”可知，Bailey觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，所以她对她的行为被认为是一件大事感到困惑，a big deal意为“非常重要的事”。故选D。
13．答案与解析：A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不能离开她。A.leave离开；B.cure治愈；C.bother打扰；D.understand理解。根据上文“She was just crying”以及Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺。可知，Bailey看见Lenoue哭喊，所以觉得不能离开她。故选A。
14．答案与解析：C 考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人，但后来她们成了朋友。A.ride短途旅程；B.test测试；C.meet体育比赛；D.show展示。根据第一段“hundreds of runners competed in a cross country race”及空前的“the two young women were strangers before”可知，当时是一场比赛，句子表示“这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人”。故选C。
15．答案与解析：B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：两人都没有赢得比赛，但展现的人性的善良赢得了胜利。A.secret秘密；B.display展示；C.benefit利益；D.exchange交换。根据第二段的“let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get 8 attention”可知，Bailey背着一个参赛者过终点线，并背她去接受检查，这展示了人类的善良。故选B。
一轮组合训练（四）
一、阅读理解
A篇
【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了精英学校SMART的相关信息，涉及其假期课程、位置、设施、报名要求和费用等。
1．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Our courses combine...around England”可知，SMART课程把英语语言学习与伦敦不同中心的文化学习结合起来；再根据The holiday course下面的内容可知，它提供课程和午后活动，帮助你提升英语方面的听、说、读、写能力，并了解英国人文。由此可知，假期课程提供以文化为依托的语言学习，故选B项。A项“免费使用15间教室”，C项“机场接机服务”，D项“在著名大学的学习经历”。
2．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。题目问参加SMART的假期课程的学生至少要支付多少钱。根据Terms下的内容可知，最低学习时间为两周；每周费用550英镑，包括报名费60英镑，故参加SMART的假期课程的学生至少要支付550×2＝1100（英镑），故选C项。
3．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。文章第一段总体介绍了精英学校SMART的信息，下文具体介绍了其假期课程内容、学校位置和设施、游学地点、报名要求和费用等。由此可推知，本文在为SMART打广告。故选B项。A项“一本旅游指南”，C项“一则日志”，D项“一项研究报告”。
B篇
【语篇解读】 文章讲述了John Todd从小就很爱思考且好学，他建造了一个生态机器，利用大自然可以自我修复的原理来净化污水。
4．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据第一段“When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making. （当约翰·托德还是个孩子的时候，他喜欢探索房子周围的树林，观察大自然是如何解决问题的。例如，一条肮脏的小溪流经植物和微小生物居住的岩石后，往往会变得清澈。长大后，约翰开始想知道这个过程是否可以用来清理人们制造的垃圾）”以及第二段“After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria （细菌）？ Which kinds of fish can eat cancer causing chemicals （在大学学习了农业、医学和渔业之后，约翰回到了观察自然和提出问题的生活中。为什么某些植物能捕获有害细菌？哪些鱼类会食用致癌化学物质？）”可知，约翰聪颖好学、好奇心很强。故选C。
5．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第三段“After a few weeks, John added the sludge. （几个星期后，约翰把污泥加了进去）”以及倒数第三段“He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water. （他对结果感到惊讶。生态机器里的动植物把污泥当成了食物，开始吃了起来！几周之内，它就完全被消化了，只剩下纯净水）”可知，约翰把污泥放进罐子里是为了测试生态机器。故选D。
6．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse like facility that treated sewage （污水） from 1，600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China. （这些年来，约翰承担了许多重大工作。他开发了一个类似温室的设施，可以处理来自南伯灵顿1 600户家庭的污水。他还设计了一种生态机器来清洁中国东南部城市福州的运河水）”可推知，作者提到福州的目的是展示约翰想法的应用。故选B。
7．答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据最后一段“You put organisms in new relationships and observe what's happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self repair. （你把微生物放在新的关系中，并观察要发生的事情。然后让这些新系统形成它们自己的自我修复的方式）”可知，约翰工作的基础是自然可以自我修复。故选A。
C篇
【语篇解读】 父母是孩子成长过程中的重要力量，孩子的健康成长离不开父母的教育和陪伴。父母陪伴的缺失可能会导致儿童的各种行为和情绪问题，还可能对他们的未来产生不良影响。
8．答案与解析：B 词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“over a long period of time”并结合选项可推知，合格的父母应该为孩子提供不变的爱、关注、精力和资源，故B项unchanging“不变的；永恒的”与画线词steadfast的意思最接近。
9．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据第二段可知，父母是孩子生活中极为强大的力量，如果一个孩子的父母能够给予他持久的关爱，那么他就有可能成为一名优秀的公民，如果他们没有，那么孩子就会身陷困境。由此可推知，良好的养育方式对孩子的成长起着关键作用。
10．答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“Steinberg points out that one out of three parents is seriously disengaged from his or her adolescent's education, and this is the primary reason why so many American students perform below their potential—and below students in other rich countries.”可知，Steinberg指出三分之一的父母严重脱离青少年的教育，这也是为什么这么多美国学生表现低于他们的潜力，低于其他富裕国家学生的主要原因。由此可推知，父母应该关心孩子的教育。
11．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“A recent study of 90，000 teenagers—the Add Health Project...finds that the mere physical presence of a parent in the home after school, at dinner and at bedtime significantly reduces the incidence of risky behavior among teenagers.”可知，最近一项针对90 000名青少年的研究发现，当青少年与父母相处的时间较长时，他们不太可能抑郁、吸毒或犯罪。放学后、晚餐时和就寝时，父母仅仅在家出现就可以显著降低青少年危险行为的发生率。由此可推知，这项研究表明，父母出现在孩子身边会减少孩子的行为问题。
二、阅读七选五
【语篇解读】 本文介绍了网上一些网友对于如何应对愤怒给出的一些方法。
1．答案与解析：G 根据上文描述人们生气时的可能表现及下文引出网上对于应对愤怒的答复可推知，此处起到承上启下的作用，表示：尽管如此，当感到愤怒时，总会有更好的方法来应对。另外，选项中better ways与下文的some replies相呼应。
2．答案与解析：A 根据第二段内容可知，本段主要介绍运动对缓解愤怒的作用。由此可推知，此处表示：对于我来说，没有比运动更好的了。
3．答案与解析：E 根据上文“messed with my stomach”可推知，此处做进一步说明，表示：之后，它们（这些食物）扰乱我的头脑，这引发了我的愤怒。
4．答案与解析：D 根据第四段内容可知，本段主要介绍写作对释放消极情绪的作用。由此可推知，此处表示：每当我不能运动或平息情绪时，我就会写作。
5．答案与解析：F 根据下文“is being videotaped”可推知，此处表示：假设你的面前有一架摄像机，你就会注意自己的言辞了。
三、语法填空
1．答案与解析：the 考查冠词。此处特指“教育的目的”，用定冠词，且与下文“teacher happiness should also be the aim of education”相呼应。
2．答案与解析：claims 考查时态。根据语境可知，用一般现在时；主语是单数，谓语动词用单数。
3．答案与解析：with 考查介词。connect A with B意为“把A与B联系起来”，固定搭配。
4．答案与解析：who 考查定语从句。引导定语从句，修饰先行词teachers，用who。
5．答案与解析：steps 考查名词。step为可数名词，前无限定词，用复数。
6．答案与解析：unfairly 考查副词。low为形容词，用副词修饰。
7．答案与解析：having 考查非谓语动词。as为介词，后接动名词作宾语。
8．答案与解析：higher 考查形容词。根据In contrast可知，此处与上文的low形成对比，指工资更高的教师，high用比较级。
9．答案与解析：themselves 考查代词。根据语境可知，considering的逻辑主语是teachers，因此宾语用反身代词。
10．答案与解析：raising 考查非谓语动词。用动名词短语作宾语从句的主语。
一轮组合训练（五）
一、阅读理解
A篇
【语篇解读】 本文介绍了华盛顿州四个温暖的度假区。
1．答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据Alderbrook Resort & Spa部分中的“Seals slide along the waters of the Alderbrook dock, playing a game of ‘Go Fish’ with dive bombing seabirds.”可知，海豹沿着Alderbrook码头的水域滑行，与海鸟做游戏。由此可知，游客在Alderbrook Resort & Spa可以观看海洋动物。
2．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据Suncadia Resort部分中的“The resort's annual...from cross county skiing and snow mobile tours to ice skating and snowshoe tours.”可知，在Suncadia Resort可以参加各种和雪有关的活动。
3．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据Willows Lodge部分中的“When you step into the lodge, fire crackles and hot apple pie welcome your arrival with a celebratory air.”可知，在这儿可以吃到热苹果派；再根据Seattle area Retreats部分中的“Head to North Bend for a slice of Twede's Cafe strawberry pie.”可知，游客们在这里可以品尝到草莓派。由此可知，这两个地方都提供由水果做成的食物。
B篇
【语篇解读】 没有人是一座孤岛，文章陈述了“群体智慧”效应。实验表明，在某些情况下大量独立评估的平均值可能是相当准确的。
4．答案与解析：B 主旨大意题。根据第二段内容“This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors, those errors aren't always the same. Some people will tend to overestimate, and some to underestimate. When enough of these errors are averaged together, they cancel each other out, resulting in a more accurate estimate. If people are similar and tend to make the same errors, then their errors won't cancel each other out. In more technical terms, the wisdom of crowds requires that people's estimates be independent. If for whatever reasons, people's errors become correlated or dependent, the accuracy of the estimate will go down. （这种效应利用了这样一个事实，即当人们犯错误时，这些错误并不总是相同的。有些人常常会高估，有些会低估。当这些误差中有足够多的误差被平均在一起时，它们会相互抵消，从而产生一个更准确的评估。如果相似的人倾向于犯同样的错误，那么他们的错误不会相互抵消。用更专业的术语来说，群体智慧要求人们的评估是独立的。如果由于任何原因，人们的错误变得相关或依赖，评估的准确性就会下降）”可知，本段阐述了人们所犯的错误不总是相同的，各不相同的误差平均在一起，相互抵消就会产生更准确的评估，讨论了独立评估的平均如何由于误差的消除而产生更准确的预测。因此本段主要解释了“群体智慧”效应这一现象的基本逻辑。故选B。
5．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第二段的“In more technical terms, the wisdom of crowds requires that people's estimates be independent. （用更专业的术语来说，群体智慧要求人们的评估是独立的）”和第三段的“The key finding of the study was that when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion, the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals. For instance, the average obtained from the estimates of four discussion groups of five was significantly more accurate than the average obtained from 20 independent individuals. （这项研究的关键发现是，当人群被进一步划分为允许进行讨论的小组时，这些小组的平均值比同等数量的独立个体的平均值更准确。例如，从四个五人讨论组的评估中获得的平均值明显比从20个独立个体获得的平均值更准确）”可知，人们在没有独立的情况下，分成更小群体，平均值是更准确的，说明即使在评估数字并非完全独立的情况下，准确率提高也是可以做到的。故选D。
6．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据第四段的“In a follow up study with 100 university students, the researchers tried to get a better sense of what the group members actually did in their discussion. Did they tend to go with those most confident about their estimates Did they follow those least willing to change their minds （在一项针对100名大学生的后续研究中，研究人员试图更好地了解小组成员在讨论中的实际行为。他们是否倾向于选择那些对自己的评估最有信心的人？他们是否追随那些最不愿意改变主意的人呢）”可知，在后续研究中，研究人员试图更好地了解小组成员在讨论中实际做了什么。结合两个问题，因此可知后续研究的重点是小组内的讨论过程。故选C。
7．答案与解析：D 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容“Although the studies led by Navajas have limitations and many questions remain, the potential implications for group discussion and decision making are enormous. （尽管Navajas领导的研究有局限性，仍存在许多问题，但对小组讨论和决策性的潜在影响是巨大的）”可知，作者认为虽然Navajas领导的研究有局限性也存在许多问题，但对小组讨论和决策性的潜在影响巨大。因此推断作者对于Navajas的研究表示一定的赞许和支持。故选D。
C篇
【语篇解读】 本文主要讲述了德国的一名体育教师Wheatley在经历一次意外事故遭受打击之后，重塑积极人生态度的故事。
8．答案与解析：B 理解具体信息。根据第一段的“While teaching a PE class, she was hit on the head with a baseball... blinding her in one eye”可知，Wheatley在给学生上体育课时，被一只棒球击中了头部，这致使她脑部损伤和一只眼睛永久失明。故选B项。A项“她在赛跑中位列最后”，B项“她遭受头部损伤”，C项“她完全失明”，D项“她在课堂上被有意攻击”。
9．答案与解析：D 理解具体信息。根据第二段的“She travelled to Nepal where a friend convinced her...Project Vision 8000 was born”可知，她到尼泊尔旅行，在那里一个朋友说服她与他一起参加Annapurna 100比赛，来自比赛的力量改变了她的生活，最终让她屹立在群山之巅眺望，这促使了Wheatley创立Project Vision 8000项目。故选D项。A项“她对自然的探索”，B项“她朋友及时的建议”，C项“她对体育的挚爱”，D项“她参加Annapurna 100比赛”。
10．答案与解析：A 推断。根据第三段中的“The only constant thing... going to pass”“Having already stared death...she's not scared”“but it is now the driving force and fuel behind her success”可知，Wheatley意识到唯一不变的事物就是变化，当天气真的不好或者暴风雨要来时她知道这会马上过去的；直面死亡后，她对山和她的使命表示敬意；这些经验险些要了她的命，但现在却是她成功背后的推动力。由此我们可以看出，Wheatley对待逆境的态度已经发生了改变。故选A项。A项“她对待逆境的态度得以重塑”，B项“她习惯于恶劣的天气环境”，C项“她不顾自己内心的压力”，D项“她的天性帮助她战胜了恐惧”。
11．答案与解析：B 理解文章主旨要义。文章介绍德国的一名体育教师Wheatley在一只眼意外失明后，创立Project Vision 8000项目的故事。该项目的使命是激励自己克服困难，挑战自然和自我，站在世界最高峰，并向世人展示人生中选择的力量和可能性。Wheatley尽管失明，却能够积极地面对挫折，站在山巅，看得更远。由此可归纳出文章主旨是“失去视力获得了视野”，故选B项。A项“每一个山峰都触手可得”，C项“行动胜于语言”，D项“天行其道”。
二、完形填空
【语篇解读】 Rick Hoyt想参加慈善运动会，但是他是残疾人。父亲决定推着坐在轮椅上的Rick参赛。尽管他们经历了很多的挫折，但他们的愿望终于得以实现。
1．答案与解析：A 根据下文的“to push Rick in his wheelchair and they finished all 5 miles”可知，Rick想参加慈善长跑。
2．答案与解析：D 根据下文的“they finished all 5 miles”可知，父子二人跑完了5英里，所以这里表示Dick同意推着Rick去参加比赛。
3．答案与解析：C 根据上文提到的Rick的病和in his wheelchair可知，Rick身患残疾，要坐轮椅。此处指父子二人跑步时，Rick感觉自己不是残疾人。
4．答案与解析：A 此处是过去分词作定语，根据下文可知，Team Hoyt （即Dick父子）完成了他们的一千多场比赛，故A项completed符合语境。
5．答案与解析：C 根据空后的“he would like it to be the Boston Marathon”可知，此处指如果每年参加一次比赛。
6．答案与解析：A 根据空后的“due to the terrorist bombing at the finish line”和7空后的“be back in 2014 to finish the race”可知，因为恐怖分子在终点制造爆炸，他们未能跑完全程。
7．答案与解析：C 根据空后的“to be back in 2014 to finish the race with all the other runners”可知，因为比赛没有跑完，所以他们承诺会回来参加2014年的比赛。
8．答案与解析：B 根据空后的“to take photos and shake hands with the many well wishers”可知，在跑的过程中，他们停下来拍照，或者与为他们加油祝福的人握手。
9．答案与解析：C 因为空后的“If you could give your father one thing，what would it be？”是一个问题，所以此处填asked。
10．答案与解析：B 空后是Rick的回答，因此选responded。
11．答案与解析：A 根据2空后的“push Rick in his wheelchair”可知，之前都是父亲推着Rick，此处指Rick希望自己推着父亲完成一次比赛。
12．答案与解析：D 根据空前的“Racing in support of others in need”可知，参加比赛是为了帮助那些有困难的人，第二段中的“a 5 mile benefit run”也是提示信息，故benefit符合语境。
13．答案与解析：C 根据上文的“Racing in support of others in need，sacrificing their time and energy”可知，Dick父子牺牲他们的精力、时间来帮助他人，这是一种可贵的精神，此处指Dick父子一直以这样的精神参加了37年的比赛。
14．答案与解析：B 根据空前的stubborn及Dick父子一直坚持参加比赛可知，此处指倔强的坚持。
15．答案与解析：A 空后的“that can be found only in the unique bond between a father and his son”修饰此处的名词，结合选项可知，此处指父子间深沉的爱。
一轮组合训练（六）
一、阅读理解
A篇
【语篇解读】 本文介绍了教师为使课堂更具趣味性、更能保持学生的学习兴趣而使用的几款网络游戏。
1．答案与解析：D 推理判断题。根据第一段和最后一段可知，Wordle, Blooket和Flippity是关于单词的游戏，属于英语学科；根据第四段第二、三句可知，Nerdle是关于数学的游戏；根据第五段第一句可知，Worldle是关于地理的游戏；由此可推知，作者在文中没有提及物理学科。
2．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句可知，英语教师认为单词游戏对于学生来说是一个学习新单词的好方法。
3．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可推知，学生可以使用这些游戏创建自己的学习项目，进而完成自学。
B篇
【语篇解读】 文章主要讲述了Abby Jaramillo等老师在低收入学校发起的培养学生科学能力，环保意识以及健康生活方式的Urban Sprouts花园项目，让学生体验乡村生活，对学生影响深远。
4．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第一段的“And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at four low income schools.（起初是这样的，艾比·哈拉米洛说，她和另一位老师在四所低收入学校启动了‘Urban Sprouts’学校花园项目。）”可知，艾比·哈拉米洛是Urban Sprouts的发起者。故选D。
5．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据第二段的“ ‘They come to us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful.’ Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new.（‘他们来找我们，认为蔬菜很可怕，泥土很可怕，昆虫也很可怕。’虽然有些人一开始害怕昆虫，对泥土感到厌烦，但大多数人都渴望尝试新的东西。）”可知，项目之初，一些学生不喜欢园艺工作。故选C。
6．答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据最后一段“She adds that the program's benefits go beyond nutrition. Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo's special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues. ‘They get outside，’ she says, ‘and they feel successful.’（她补充说，该计划的好处不仅仅是营养。有些学生对园艺非常感兴趣，他们把种子带回家开始自己的菜园。此外，在花园里工作似乎对Jaramillo的特殊教育学生有镇静作用，他们中的许多人都有情绪控制问题。‘他们走了出去，’她说，‘他们觉得成功。’）”可知，这个项目不仅给学生提供了有营养的食物，而且许多学生回家开创了自己的菜园，对有情绪控制问题的学生也起到了镇静作用，从而推知，该项目的影响是深远的。故选A。
7．答案与解析：C 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了Abby Jaramillo发起Urban Sprouts项目，带领学生种植蔬菜的故事，学生们开始对园艺感兴趣。因此C项“蔬菜种植爱好者”适合作为本文标题。故选C。
C篇
【语篇解读】 随着人工智能的兴起，人们担心它会对人类社会造成威胁，但如果相关法规能确保它有益于社会并防止它威胁人类生活，人类应以一种积极的态度来迎接先进的科学技术。
8．答案与解析：C 理解具体信息。根据第二段的“Some people see AI as the ultimate cure... replace human decision making”可知，一些人把人工智能看作人类社会最基本问题的最终对策，而其他人害怕人工智能将会超越人类智力。这两种观点都是基于人工智能比人类更聪明的假设。故选C项。
9．答案与解析：B 推断。根据第三段最后的“but we must avoid AI copying human emotions. Without legal restrictions, AI may become a social disaster”可知，我们必须阻止人工智能模仿人类感情。如果没有法律限制，人工智能也许会变成社会灾难。由此可推知，为了阻止人工智能给人类带来威胁，我们必须设定限制。故选B项。
10．答案与解析：D 理解词汇。根据画线词后的“This，like previous ones... will certainly affect human employment”可知，就像之前的几次革命会带来在此之前难以想象的变化一样，人工智能肯定会影响人类的就业。此处通过理解like表示的类比关系可推知，画线词意为“不可避免的”。故选D项。A项“不受欢迎的，不得人心的”，B项“难以相信的”，C项“无法预测的”，均不符合语境。
11．答案与解析：A 推断。根据最后一段中的“it's unnecessary to worry AI will replace our jobs... fear of the unknown”可知，不必担心人工智能会取代我们的工作。虽然技术发展迅速，但我们需要做的是欢迎人工智能时代的到来，而不是因为害怕未知而阻止它的发展。由此可推知，作者建议读者积极地应对人工智能时代的到来，故选A项。
二、阅读七选五
【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了柠檬水对健康的三个好处。
1．答案与解析：C 根据空后的“others are devotees of the possible health benefits”可知，空处表示的应该是一些人的看法。因此C项“有些人仅仅是因为它的味道而喝它”引出下文，符合语境。
2．答案与解析：G 空处位于段尾，应起到承接或总结上文的作用。上文中提到经常喝柠檬水的人更容易减肥，故G项“这可能是因为多喝水有助于节食者产生饱腹感，避免暴饮暴食”承接上文，解释了原因，符合语境。
3．答案与解析：B 空后提到但它们仍然是一个重要的来源，B项“柠檬并不是维生素C含量最高的水果”与空后的内容构成转折关系，符合语境。
4．答案与解析：D 空前一句提到喝柠檬水不仅能提供这个好处，还能提供水果中的维生素和钾。空后提到高血压与压力有关，所以没有摄入足够的钾肯定会影响你的情绪。由此可推知，空处会提到钾对高血压的作用。故D项“钾在调节血压方面起着重要作用”承上启下，符合语境。D项中的Potassium与空前一句中的potassium和空后内容中的potassium相呼应。D项中的blood pressure与空后内容中的blood pressure相呼应。
5．答案与解析：A 根据上一句“Give it a try！”可知，作者建议人们饮用柠檬水，故A项“没有什么可失去的”承接上文，符合语境。
三、语法填空
1．答案与解析：on/at 考查介词。on/at the first/second etc. attempt意为“第一次/第二次……尝试”，固定搭配。
2．答案与解析：correctly 考查副词。用副词修饰动词。
3．答案与解析：which 考查定语从句。which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词moorhen。
4．答案与解析：has trained 考查时态。for some time为一段时间，结合语境可知，用现在完成时。
5．答案与解析：and 考查连词。to hell and back意为“经历过困境；历劫归来”，固定短语。
6．答案与解析：saying 考查非谓语动词。主语Harini与say之间是主动关系，用现在分词作状语。
7．答案与解析：possibility 考查名词。根据空格前的the可知，此处需填名词。
8．答案与解析：the 考查冠词。first为序数词，前用定冠词。
9．答案与解析：faster 考查形容词。根据上文可知，Vikram获得了第二名。由此可推知，此处Vikram表示遗憾，自己只需要再快一点，用形容词比较级。
10．答案与解析：being held 考查语态。after为介词，后跟动名词作宾语。The spelling bee与hold之间为被动关系，故用动名词的被动式。
一轮组合训练（七）
一、阅读理解
A篇
【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了欧洲的特色博物馆。
1．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据Anne Frank House, Amsterdam部分的“Admission: $30 per adult/youth; $25 per child（4—12 years）”可知，安妮之家的门票为“成人或者青年每人30美元，4至12岁儿童每人25美元”。由此可知，一对夫妻的门票花费60美元，11岁的孩子花费25美元，3岁的孩子免费，一共85美元，故选B项。
2．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据National Railway Museum, York部分的“we celebrate the past, present and future of innovation on the railways. Immerse yourself in stories from centuries of railway history”和Vasa Museum, Stockholm部分的“The story of the king's beautiful, yet terrifying ship fascinates people of all ages.”可知，在英国国家铁路博物馆中，我们庆祝铁路的过去、现在和创新的未来，你可以沉浸在数百年铁路历史的故事中；在瓦萨博物馆中，国王那艘美丽而恐怖的船的故事令各个年龄段的人着迷。这两个博物馆都讲述了关于交通运输工具的历史故事。故选C项。
3．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据Maritime Museum, Jersey部分的“Lots to open, press, turn and even design a ship by yourself.”可知，海事博物馆有很多东西可以打开、按下、转动，甚至可以自己设计一艘船。由此可知，如果游客想获得更多实际操作的体验，他们应该去海事博物馆，故选D项。
B篇
【语篇解读】 Abraham是一个13岁的男孩，当他获得一个许愿的机会时，他用这个机会来帮助那些无家可归的人。
4．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，当Abraham获得一个许愿的机会时，他打算用这个机会来帮助那些无家可归的人。
5．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第四段第一句可知，Abraham全家都认为他提出的是一个非常好的主意，对他都非常支持。
6．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。根据第四段和最后一段可推知，父母对Abraham一直进行正向的教育和影响。
7．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。通读全文可知，Abraham是一个热心助人的好少年。
C篇
【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了净零碳排放目标与保护生物多样性紧密联系，但生物多样性的重要性被低估了。通过投资生物多样性，公司可抵消它们的碳排放。自然界值得人类投资。
8．答案与解析：A 推断。根据第一段的“Over decades, therefore, governments have made promises about preserving the world's biodiversity”和第二段的内容可知，尽管政府做出了保护全球生物多样性的承诺，但类似的承诺似乎多次成为空头支票，导致自然环境恶化。为避免更多失望，人们需要强调保护生物多样性和达到净零碳排放目标之间的紧密联系。由此推出，生物多样性的重要性被低估了，故选A项。A项“它的重要性被低估”，B项“它与碳排放的联系是清楚的”，C项“它是二氧化碳的来源”，D项“它从政府获得了承诺的利益”。
9．答案与解析：D 推断。根据第三段的前两句可知，考虑到生物多样性在实现这些减碳目标方面发挥着重要作用，你可能会以为生物多样性在净零排放计划中起重要作用，其实不然。再根据第三段的“For example... yet the plans have too little to say about biodiversity”可知，面对愈发严格的排放规则，现在许多公司把更多的时间和资金投入到他们公司碳足迹减少和能量转变方面，但很少提及生物多样性。作者通过列举“many companies”的例子，来支持上述的一个观点（生物多样性没有在净零排放计划中起重要作用）。故选D项。A项“去澄清一个规则”，B项“去得出一个结论”，C项“去解释一个计划”，D项“去支持一个观点”。
10．答案与解析：C 理解具体信息。根据第四段的第二句可知，保护生物多样性是控制碳排放的有效方法。再根据本段最后一句可知，管理碳丰富的湿地和在空地上重新造林的计划可以减少1/3以上的碳排放量，而这些减排量可防止2℃以上的全球气候变暖。综合可知，保护生物多样性的益处在于减少碳排放。故选C项。A项“重建湿地”，B项“重新指导资方”，D项“转化能源”。
11．答案与解析：A 推断。本文主要介绍了净零碳排放目标与保护生物多样性紧密联系，但生物多样性的重要性被低估了，应将更多投资应用于大自然的生物多样性上。故选A项。A项“自然界值得更多的投资”；B项“理财的关键是新的规则”；C项“达到净零碳排放很难”；D项“在清洁能源方面投资很值得”。
二、完形填空
【语篇解读】 作者不喜欢与数字有关的东西，所以数学成绩很差。后来，因为要重修课程，作者突然意识到没有理由害怕数学，作者最终消除了对数学的恐惧。
1．答案与解析：C 空前的This指代上一句的内容，即作者上七年级的时候，她的父母为她请了一位家庭教师教她数学；再结合空后内容可知，作者的分数从五十分提到了五十五分，这是作者的父母为她请家庭教师的结果，故end up“最终处于”符合语境。
2．答案与解析：B 根据下一句“I should have spent more time on math.”可知，作者本该花更多时间在数学上，由此可知，作者认为自己的数学成绩不好有一部分是自己的错。
3．答案与解析：D 根据上文可知，作者数学成绩不好，再结合空后的terrifying可知，此处指老师在课堂上批评她让她害怕。
4．答案与解析：C 根据下文的“Victoria needs to ask for assistance in class.”可知，在九年级的时候作者的数学变得更差了。
5．答案与解析：A 根据空后的“Victoria needs to ask for assistance in class.”可知，这是老师对作者的评语。
6．答案与解析：C 根据语境并结合选项可知，作者一学期都不关注作业。
7．答案与解析：A 根据空前的“I'd spend the next three weeks at school”可知，作者要重新学习整门课程。
8．答案与解析：D 根据下文的“this can't be happening to me！”推断，此处指作者十年级的数学不及格。
9．答案与解析：B 根据空后的“a loud ‘this can't be happening to me！’”并结合选项可知，作者得知数学不及格的消息时难过得哭了。
10．答案与解析：A 根据空后的“Why was I scared of a bunch of numbers, anyway Why was I so terrified of asking my teacher for help？”可知，作者突然想到：自己为什么会害怕数字？为什么会害怕向老师求助？hit“使突然意识到”符合语境。下文的realized也是提示。
11．答案与解析：D 根据空前内容可知，作者现在仍然不喜欢数字，由此可推断，此处指作者可能永远也不会喜欢数字。
12．答案与解析：B 根据上文的“I still don't like numbers”可知，作者仍然不喜欢数字；空前的But表转折，结合选项可知，此处指作者意识到数学只是一门学科。
13．答案与解析：A 根据空前的“math is just a subject”可知，数学只是一门学科，真的没有理由害怕它。
14．答案与解析：B 根据空后的“I became more positive”可知，作者对数学的态度有了积极的转变。
15．答案与解析：C 根据下一句“Gone are my days of imagining numbers as something to be afraid of！”可知，作者消除了对数学的恐惧。
一轮组合训练（八）
一、阅读理解
A篇
【语篇解读】 最近一项研究预测，到2100年，格陵兰岛融化的冰将导致全球海平面上升至少27厘米。科学家称，海平面上升将对社会、经济和环境产生巨大影响。
1．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句可知，近年来格陵兰岛降雪量较少，但冰的融化量较大，这是造成不平衡的原因。
2．答案与解析：D 推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句可知，冰川面积会因为较温暖的空气而继续缩小，由此可推知，变暖的气候是冰川融化的原因。
3．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了气候变暖使格陵兰岛上的冰川大量融化，从而导致海平面上升，属于自然环境类。
B篇
【语篇解读】 文章主要介绍了数字极简主义生活方式的优点，倡导简单的数字生活方式。
4．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it's right for you. （这本书的目标是解释数字极简主义，包括详细探索它的要求和为什么有效，然后如果你认为它适合你，它还将教你如何采用这种生活态度）”可知，这本书的目的是倡导简单的数字生活方式。故选B。
5．答案与解析：A 词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“This process requires you to step away from optional online activities for thirty days. At the end of the thirty days, you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value. （这个过程要求你在30天内远离可选的在线活动。在30天结束的时候，你再加上一些你认为会给你所看重的东西带来巨大好处的精心挑选的在线活动）”可推知，画线词“declutter”的意思是“清理”，对在线活动进行清理和挑选。故选A。
6．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。通过文章第四段“In the final chapter of part one, I'll guide you through carrying out your own digital declutter. In doing so, I'll draw on an experiment I ran in 2018 in which over 1，600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter. （在第一部分的最后一章中，我将指导您进行自己的数字清理。在这样做的过程中，我将借鉴我在2018年进行的一项实验，在该实验中，1 600多人同意进行数字清理）”可推知，第一部分的最后一章介绍了实验与数字清理的实际例子。故选C。
7．答案与解析：A 推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that works for your particular circumstances. （你可以将这些做法看作是一个工具箱，旨在帮助你建立一种适合自己特定情况的极简主义生活方式）”可推知，作者建议读者根据需要与实际情况使用第二部分中提及的实践。故选A。
C篇
【语篇解读】 随着工业化的发展，用麦秸秆做的草编产品渐渐淡出人们的生活。2008年草编工艺申遗成功，非遗传承人吴翠呼吁这项技术的手艺人要不断创新。
8．答案与解析：C 理解具体信息。根据第二段的“The earliest straw weaving（草编的） products were discovered at Hemudu Cultural Ruins”可知，最早的草编产品是在河姆渡文化遗迹发现的；再根据第二段的“also records that there were...craftsmen during the Zhou dynasty”可知，早在周朝时就已经有关于香蒲垫和专业的草编手艺人的记载了。故选C项。
9．答案与解析：A 理解具体信息。根据第四段的“the hardest part is to make it lifelike”可知，最难的部分是让作品栩栩如生。故选A项。文中的hardest与题干中的toughest是同义替换，文中的lifelike与A项中的vivid是同义替换。
10．答案与解析：B 理解词汇。根据画线词后的“pursue the beauty and artistry of straw weaving culture to help the craft survive and thrive”可知，追求草编文化的美和艺术特色，以帮助这项工艺存活并蓬勃发展。由此可推知，画线词应与其后的pursue意思相近，意为“超越，超出”。故选B项。A项“依靠，依赖”，C项“抛弃”，D项“求助于”。
11．答案与解析：D 推断。根据最后一段的“drawing inspiration from traditional culture”（从传统文化中获取灵感）和“Craftspeople should...create new and relevant products”（手艺人应该非常努力地抓住时代的潮流和机会，创作新的、有价值的产品）可推知，手艺人应该在传统文化的基础上有所创新。故选D项。A项“顾客不喜欢草编产品”，B项“追求时尚是手艺人的首要事情”，C项“当地人从草编技术中获益良多”，D项“手艺人应该在传统文化的基础上有所创新”。
二、阅读七选五
【语篇解读】 本文报道了Erik与父亲Edwin一起在大学学习并同时获得学位证书的事情。
1．答案与解析：B 根据上文“但Bustamante的故事有点不同。不仅是因为他在17岁就大学毕业”及下文“他的父亲和他走在一起，并且也领取了一张毕业文凭”可推知，此处为递进，顺承表示：还因为同他一起毕业的那个人。
2．答案与解析：G 根据上文可知，Edwin患过两次中风，这彻底改变了他的生活；根据下文可知，他将这一改变转化为一张大学文凭。由此可推知，此处对应表示：我想让他们知道，如果我能做得很好，他们为什么不能做到竭尽全力。
3．答案与解析：A 根据上文儿子说的话“这有点像一场比赛，只是为了看谁能获得更高的成绩”可推知，此处是父亲笑着答：竞争非常激烈。
4．答案与解析：F 根据上文“His father walked with him and also collected a diploma.”及下文“makes me passionate”和“walking and receiving that achievement together”可推知，此处应承上启下，表示：上周，Erik与他的父亲走在一起，并和他一起领取了毕业文凭。
5．答案与解析：C 根据上文可知，Erik的父亲中风后没有郁闷沮丧地待在家里，而是继续前进，做一些对生活有益的事情，和他一起取得了大学毕业文凭；根据下文可知，Erik感到尽管会有很多挑战，但他可以做任何想做的事。由此可推知，此处表示：这激励我去做得像他一样好。
三、语法填空
1．答案与解析：for 考查介词。根据空格后的developing可知，应用介词；for表示对象。
2．答案与解析：started 考查时态。根据下文and...learned...可知，用动词过去式，与learned相呼应。
3．答案与解析：immediately 考查副词。用副词修饰动词。
4．答案与解析：the 考查冠词。这里的gym指的是Cappy's Boxing Gym，具有特指意义，用定冠词。
5．答案与解析：be revealed 考查语态。behavioral patterns与reveal之间为被动关系，用被动语态；can为情态动词，后接动词原形。
6．答案与解析：scared 考查形容词。be动词后需用形容词作表语，且与or后uncomfortable相呼应。scared意为“害怕的；恐惧的”，符合语境。
7．答案与解析：needed 考查非谓语动词。if needed是if it is needed的省略，作条件状语，这里的it指的是we can change them这种情况。
8．答案与解析：making 考查非谓语动词。This type of self awareness与make之间是主动关系，用现在分词作伴随状语。
9．答案与解析：difficulties 考查名词。difficulty意为“难事；难题”时，为可数名词，常用复数。
10．答案与解析：better 考查副词。根据上文“改善你的反应的方法”可推知，此处表示：做出更有帮助的选择。用副词比较级。
一轮组合训练（九）
一、阅读理解
A篇
【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了在历史上给人类作出突出贡献的四位女性。
1．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据Emily Dickinson部分中的“She rose to enormous fame after her death”可知，Emily Dickinson生前并不出名，死后才被世人所知，名气极大。
2．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据Mother Teresa部分中的“during her long lifetime she helped thousands of people who were sick, starving, and otherwise hurting”可知，Mother Teresa帮助了成千上万的遭受苦难的弱者。
3．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据Susan B．Anthony部分中的“Anthony believed in the rights of women”“she was at the forefront of numerous causes for human rights”和Malala Yousafzai部分中的“she became a symbol of women's rights”可知，Susan B. Anthony和Malala Yousafzai两个人都努力争取女性的权利。
B篇
【语篇解读】 本文介绍了三位诺贝尔物理学奖的获得者及其成就。
4．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的“Half of the $918，000 in prize money will go to Canadian born James Peebles”可知，诺贝尔奖奖金的一半归Peebles，故Peebles可获得459 000美元。
5．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“In 1995, the two men announced the first discovery of an exoplanet—a planet outside our solar system—that orbits a sun like star.”可知，这两位科学家在历史上首次发现了一颗太阳系外行星。
6．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句“He thought it was a joke at first.”以及最后一段的内容可知，Queloz对于自己得奖的消息感到难以置信。
7．答案与解析：A 推理判断题。本文主要介绍了三位获得诺贝尔物理学奖的科学家，因此本篇文章最有可能出现在科学杂志中。
C篇
【语篇解读】 微塑料颗粒因为体积小，很久以来一直被人类忽视，但其实它们对地球生物有着极其可怕的影响。为了更好地保护地球，McReynolds博士以及他的团队正在进行一项研究。
8．答案与解析：C 理解具体信息。根据第一段尤其是“These tiny preproduction plastic balls... and escaping public notice for decades”可知，这些小的预生产塑料球被生产商熔化以做成一切东西，几十年以来它们一直从工厂、集装箱船、火车、卡车中跑出，被公众忽视。故选C项。A项“它们太小了以至于看不见”，B项“它们是塑料球的产品”，C项“它们被忽视很久了”，D项“它们几乎做不成什么东西”。
9．答案与解析：D 理解具体信息。根据第三段的“Establishing a baseline count... Dr McReynolds' scientific study here”可知，确定出现的微塑料颗粒的标准数量，和从更广义上来说的任何微塑料颗粒的标准数量，是McReynolds博士科学研究的重点。故选D项。A项“把塑料颗粒归为子集”，B项“找到塑料污染的解决办法”，C项“记录海洋的潮汐和水流”，D项“创建微塑料的数据收集”。
10．答案与解析：B 推断。根据倒数第二段的“how microplastic particles are believed...hungrily pecked （啄食） at it”可知，微塑料颗粒会吸收有毒的化学物质，且因为它们看上去像鱼卵，它们会被鱼类和鸟类吃掉，从而进入食物链。就在这时，一只海鸥跳到一张带有塑料涂层的微塑料颗粒照片上，疯狂地啄食着。由此可推知，海鸥啄食那张照片说明了微塑料颗粒的危害。故选B项。
11．答案与解析：C 理解具体信息。根据最后一段的“I won't save the world from this pollution problem. Protect it, yes. We want to take care of it”可知，McReynolds博士想要保护地球，故选C项。A项“教育公众”，B项“提供解决办法”，C项“保护地球”，D项“拯救世界”。
二、完形填空
【语篇解读】 Jacky因为癌症失去了左腿的下半部分。开始时她非常沮丧，后来跑步改变了她的生活。她希望她的经历能鼓励其他身体有不足的人，并告诉他们：你比你想象的更强大。
1．答案与解析：B 根据语境可知，马拉松是一场（距离为）约42千米的比赛。race意为“比赛”，符合语境。
2．答案与解析：D 根据下文“从那时起她每天都跑步”及上文“在102天内跑完102次马拉松”可推知，她在一月中旬制订了她的目标。
3．答案与解析：A 根据语境可知，她每天坚持跑一个马拉松的距离。distance意为“距离”，符合语境。
4．答案与解析：D 根据下文“that part of my body was gone”可推知，她因为一种罕见的癌症被截肢，失去了左腿的下半部分。
5．答案与解析：C 根据常识及下文“It helped me accept myself as an amputee.”可知，她最大的痛苦就是接受自己失去了身体的一部分。
6．答案与解析：B 根据语境可知，后来她仔细了解了跑步，并决定试一试。
7．答案与解析：A 根据上文“她不是很活跃”及下文“跑步使她接受了自己是一名截肢者，使她有了自由的感觉”可推知，跑步真的改变了她的生活。
8．答案与解析：C 根据语境可知，她爱上了这个把她的身体不断向前推进的过程，想看看她到底能做什么。further意为“更远”，符合语境。
9．答案与解析：D 根据语境及下文“她感到近乎崩溃了”可推知，在她试图打破纪录的尝试中，她面临着身体和精神上的双重困难。
10．答案与解析：B 根据上文“她感到近乎崩溃了”及下文“她觉得她计划的目标可能根本不会实现”可推知，她开始哭泣。
11．答案与解析：A 根据常识及下文“她坚持跑下去”可推知，她得到了丈夫和孩子的支持。
12．答案与解析：C 根据语境可知，她跑完了在4月18日举行的那场比赛。hold意为“举行；进行”，符合语境。
13．答案与解析：D 根据语境可知，她希望自己的行动对他人有激励作用。inspire sth. in sb.意为“使某人产生某种感觉或情感”，符合语境。
14．答案与解析：C 根据语境可知，others指的是跟她一样身体有不足之处，行动受限制的人。limitation意为“（某人或某事物的）局限性，不足之处”，符合语境。
15．答案与解析：B 根据语境可知，她想给那些和她一样的人一些启发：你比你想象的更强大——你能做的远不止这些。the capable of sth.意为“有能力做某事”，符合语境。
一轮组合训练（十）
一、阅读理解
A篇
【语篇解读】 文章主要介绍了四个在线大学课程。
1．答案与解析：C 理解具体信息。根据Research for the Classroom Teacher下的“In this online course on education, Professor Nick Eastmond...assess their learning abilities by themselves”可知，Professor Nick Eastmond指导老师如何用Guided Design设计和实施研究，这种方法鼓励学生读特定内容，并将从中学到的知识应用到实际问题中去，并且能自己评估自己的学习能力，所以这门网课能帮助老师提高教学效率。A、B、D选项都是针对学生的，故选C项。
2．答案与解析：A 理解具体信息。题目问哪个课要求学生参加定期测试。根据Creole Language and Culture最后一句话中的“you should be prepared to complete weekly quizzes, take home essays, a mid term and a final exam”可知，学生要做好完成周测的准备，还有带回家的短文，期中考试和期末考试，故选A项。
3．答案与解析：B 理解具体信息。根据文章标题Top Online College Courses and Classes和Computer Science 164: Mobile Software Engineering下的“This computer engineering online course”以及CS470/670: Artificial Intelligence下的“This introductory computer science online course”可知，最后两门课都是网上计算机科学课，故选B项。
B篇
【语篇解读】 文章主要介绍了印刷书籍和阅读对人类的重要意义。
4．答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据全文内容尤其是第一段第一句“Reading Art: Art for Book Lovers is a celebration...three hundred artworks from museums around the world”可知，《阅读艺术：书籍爱好者的艺术》这本书里展示了来自世界各地博物馆的近300件艺术品，本文主要是对该书内容的介绍。故可以推知，本文最有可能摘自书的序言。故选A。
5．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。通过文章第二段“artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these connections between different eras and cultures. We see scenes of children learning to read at home or at school, with the book as a focus for relations between the generations. （艺术品的选择和排列方式强调了不同时代和文化之间的联系。我们看到孩子们在家里或学校学习阅读的场景，书是几代人之间关系的焦点）”可知，选定的艺术品是关于书籍和阅读的。故选C。
6．答案与解析：A 词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these connections between different eras and cultures. We see scenes of children learning to read at home or at school, with the book as a focus for relations between the generations. （艺术品的选择和排列方式强调了不同时代和文化之间的联系。我们看到孩子们在家里或学校学习阅读的场景，书是几代人之间关系的焦点）”以及“These scenes may have been painted hundreds of years ago, but they record moments （这些场景可能是数百年前绘制的，但它们记录了一些时刻）”可推知，此处指书籍是人类之间相互联系和理解的纽带，故与画线短语“relate to”意思最相近的为A项“理解、认识到”。故选A。
7．答案与解析：A 推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“it remains as interactive as any battery powered e reader （它仍然像任何电池供电的电子阅读器一样具有互动性）”以及“printed book still offers the chance of a wholly private, ‘off line’ activity （印刷书籍仍然提供了完全私人的‘离线’活动的机会）”可推知，本文作者提到电子阅读器想表达的是印刷书籍并没有完全过时。故选A。
C篇
【语篇解读】 研究人员使用高科技方法发现了荷兰画家约翰内斯·维米尔的著名画作《戴珍珠耳环的少女》的秘密，如颜料的来源、作画的顺序等。
8．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第三段的“A careful examination of very small pieces of paint showed where some of the painting's colors came from.”及下文内容可知，研究人员仔细研究了这幅画的颜料碎片，发现了这幅画中一些颜料的来源。
9．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据第四段的“It is surprising that Vermeer used so much blue in the painting, as this blue color was more valuable than gold in the 17th century.”可知，蓝色颜料在17世纪比黄金还贵重，因此当时在画中使用如此多的蓝色颜料是令人吃惊的。
10．答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据第五段的“He then drew the girl's outline in black lines before working from the green background to the foreground.”可知，他先用黑色线条勾勒出女孩的轮廓，然后画绿色的背景，再画前景，故这幅画的背景是绿色的。
11．答案与解析：D 标题概括题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段的“Researchers have used high technology methods to learn secrets about a famous painting by the Dutch painter Johannes Vermeer.”可知，研究人员使用高科技方法了解了著名画作《戴珍珠耳环的少女》的一些秘密，如颜料的来源、作画的顺序等，故D项适合作文章题目。
二、阅读七选五
【语篇解读】 文章介绍了一些开始艺术之旅的好建议。
1．答案与解析：C 根据前文“Start small. I suggest using a sketchbook （素描本） for small studies. These small studies provide inspiration and may be a springboard for more complex works in the future. （从小开始。我建议使用一个素描本进行小规模的学习和实践。这些小的学习和实践可以提供灵感，并可能成为未来更复杂的作品的跳板）”以及后文“You'll want to look back on your journey to see how far you've come. （你会想要回顾一下自己的艺术之旅，看看自己已经取得多少进步）”可知，空处应是一个过渡句，从给出建议使用一个素描本进行小规模的学习和实践，到回顾自己的艺术之旅，所以C项“Don't throw away your beginner art. （不要扔掉你的初学时的艺术作品）”符合文意，和后文形成顺承关系。故选C项。
2．答案与解析：G 分析设空处，位于段尾，是对本段的总结，根据前文“Paint often and paint from life. There's no better way to improve than to put in those brush miles. Whether you paint still lives, portraits, or landscapes, paint from life as much as possible. （经常作画，且从生活中作画。没有什么比不断练习更能提高你的艺术水平了。无论你是绘制静物、肖像还是风景，都要尽可能地从真实生活中去观察和绘制）”可知，本段主要讲述不断练习绘画，所以G项“You'll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition. （你会逐渐形成只有通过反复练习才能获得的绘画肌肉记忆）”是对前文的总结。故选G项。
3．答案与解析：A 分析设空处，空处位于第二句，此处应是对前一句的进一步解释，并同时引出后文，根据前文“Continually challenge yourself to try something new. （不断挑战自己，尝试新事物）”以及后文“Artistic growth can be a bit painful. （艺术的成长可能会有点痛苦）”可知，A项“Get out of your comfort zone. （走出你的舒适区）”是对前句的进一步说明，和后文构成顺承关系。故选A项。
4．答案与解析：D 分析设空处，位于段首，是本段的中心句，根据后文“Seeking and accepting constructive feedback （反馈） is crucial to growth. I post my work on social media and, in turn, have met some of the kindest people. They make me feel valued and respected, no matter my level of artistic ability. （寻求并接受有建设性的反馈对于你的成长非常重要。我在社交媒体上发布我的作品，并因此结识了一些最友好的人。无论我的艺术水平如何，他们都让我感到受到了重视和尊重）”可知，本段主要讲述了分享自己的作品，所以D项“Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so. （如果你感觉舒适的话，分享你的作品）”符合文意，是本段的中心句。故选D项。
5．答案与解析：E 分析设空处，空处位于第二句，此处应是对前一句的进一步解释，并同时引出后文，根据前文“The journey you're on won't follow a straight path. （你的旅程不会是一条笔直的道路）”以及后一轮组合训练(三十一)
一、阅读理解
A篇
Master Gardener Volunteers Wanted
Why Become a Master Gardener
The Master Gardener program is an all volunteer organization where you can develop your own leadership and teaching skills while teaching the younger youth about healthy eating, agriculture, and so on! Master Gardeners involve people in activities to improve their general well being and overall enjoyment of life by helping them find sound management practices for home and urban natural resources, by creating pleasing environments through people plant interactions and horticultural therapy (园艺疗法), and by contributing to a safe, abundant food supply through home fruit and vegetable production.
What Qualifications Must You Meet
Anyone can become a Master Gardener—you don't need to be an expert or have a degree. You do, however, need to：
Have certain experience or know a little about gardening or landscape management
Be willing to share horticulture information with others
Be accepted into a training program and can devote time to volunteering and continuing education
Besides, to become a Master Gardener volunteer, each applicant needs to complete an application, prepare background screening paperwork and schedule an interview with Extension staff.
What Does the Training Involve
Training sessions are offered one day a week over a three month period and are led by expert educators in the region. Approximately 60 hours of classroom instruction and field study and 60 hours of volunteer internship (实习) work are required to complete the program and become certified. In order to remain a certified Master Gardener, 30 hours of volunteer work and 10 hours of continuing education or advanced training are required each year.
1．What does the Master Gardener program aim to do
A．Teach the youth about diets and agriculture.
B．Train volunteers to help with gardening.
C．Raise people's quality of life by horticulture.
D．Promote horticultural practices at home.
2．What is necessary for the applicants
A．Having some related knowledge.
B．Gaining excellent teaching skills.
C．Finishing given training sessions.
D．Obtaining rich volunteer experience.
3．How long will it take to become a qualified Master Gardener
A．A year. B．Three months. C．About 160 hours. D．About 120 hours.
B篇
A dog's “instant” bond with a manatee (海牛) is being praised as a real life Disney movie. A short video shows the unlikely “best pals” staring longingly at each other.
Adam McCahill's 10 year old dog Frank was sitting on a paddleboard on the Crystal River, Florida, when he locked eyes with a young manatee swimming over as if to say “hello” to him. The 38 year old owner said he felt an “instant” connection between the pair—despite his dog usually being “unaware” of other creatures below the surface.
The video shows the manatee swims up to Adam's board and puts his nose above the water to catch Frank's attention. The dog then kindly lowers his head to stare back and begins a 15 minute interaction that has been likened to something from a Disney film.
Railway engineer Adam believes they became “best pals” during the unique moment and claims Frank “can't wait” to return and see his aquatic (水栖的) friend before he heads to sea for the summer.
The video has been liked more than 500 times and users were quick to show love for the pair's “awesome” yet unlikely bond. Adam, from St. Augustine, Florida, said, “It'd make a great Disney film. A dog and a manatee becoming best friends—I'd watch that movie! I've picked up paddleboarding over the past few years and Frank has been going out there with me, but this is the first time he's interacted with one of the manatees. I was just about to head back, then that one came up and bumped into my legs. That's when he and Frank had their moment. Normally he doesn't pay attention to them.”
“We've not been back since, so he has not seen the manatee since then. I'm planning to bring him back so he can see the manatee for one last time before the winter，” Adam said.
4．What was Frank's reaction when a manatee swam over as if to say “hello” to him
A．He ignored the manatee as before.
B．He stared back at the manatee.
C．He built up a bond with the manatee.
D．He kindly stuck his nose to the water.
5．What does the underlined word “likened” mean in Paragraph 3
A．Compared to.
B．Shown an interest in.
C．Connected with.
D．Treated the same as.
6．What is mainly talked about in the passage
A．A Disney film that will be made about a dog and a manatee.
B．A story about a fisherman and his dog.
C．The likes and reviews about a video about a dog and a manatee.
D．The close relations between a dog and a manatee.
C篇
Have you ever fancied a tennis lesson from one of the world's greatest tennis players at your local court
This dream came true for two young players, who got to train with 20 year old superstar Emma Raducanu after she appeared as a hologram (全息图)—a photographic recording of the image. While Sam Clague, 14, and Diamond Paisley, 12, were both in London, the British number one was in Abu Dhabi.
During the world's first holographic lesson, Ms Raducanu's avatar (头像) appeared to feed balls to the players and gave live feedback on their shots, like “That was fast and there was lots of topspin on that”. Even Sam said he thought she had been prerecorded at first until she spoke with him directly.
Their holographic training session offers a glimpse into how advancing technology could revolutionize tennis coaching, according to Dr Ian Pearson.
Dr Pearson thinks that mixed reality headsets will soon allow tennis players to feel they are playing in unusual virtual environments, like on a space station or in the middle of a lake. Through 5G, the future of tennis will see increased interaction between real life tennis courts and the rich imagination we see in computer games—playing whenever, wherever and with whoever you want.
Full sensory virtual reality could even place the viewer inside the tennis player's shoes in real time. Dr Pearson said, “By 2030, with active skin technology, the playing styles and even the sensations of top level players could be captured, so that anyone could experience how it actually felt to play that game through full sensory virtual reality.”
Finally, sportswear made from smart materials could allow a digital coach powered by artificial intelligence (AI) to provide feedback on a player's form. Dr Pearson said, “AI controlled suits made from smart materials, such as fabrics with sensors, can help players find the perfect stroke when hitting or returning a serve by quickly learning the muscle memory of a flawless forehand. Using direct feedback from friendly virtual AI coaches, new players can develop and learn much more quickly.”
7．What did Ms Raducanu do in the first holographic lesson
A．Give players real time guidance.
B．Require players to follow her shots.
C．Record coaching contents in advance.
D．Share her experience through the hologram.
8．What can full sensory virtual reality make viewers do
A．Increase their imagination of sports.
B．Take the place of top level players.
C．Experience the feeling of players on the spot.
D．Have a sense of playing in an unusual place.
9．What's Dr Pearson's attitude towards virtual AI coaches
A．Critical. B．Skeptical. C．Cautious. D．Favorable.
10．What is the text mainly about
A．The future of coaching.
B．The threat from AI to coaches.
C．The first live coaching online.
D．The appearance of digital coaches.
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
答案
二、完形填空
When I was young, my parents had trouble with __1__. We would __2__ and eat at a soup kitchen four nights a week.
One day a new man walked into the soup kitchen and asked me what my name was. As I told him my name was Angela, my mom handed me the soup ladle (长柄勺) and asked me to start work. After that, I couldn't find the __3__ man, though I searched everywhere. My mom thought I was __4__，saying there was no one with me when she came to give me my stuff.
Later that night in the car, my mom was __5__. She told me the rent on our apartment had __6__. She didn't know how to pay for the rent. Once we got into the apartment building, she asked me to __7__ the mail box.
I went and found two envelopes, and one of them was thick, but I couldn't __8__ what was in it. I brought the envelopes to my mom.
She opened the first one and __9__ found our first super __10__ rent bill. She said she couldn't __11__ opening the other one. I looked at the __12__ envelope and saw this: “Dear Angela and Family. Love, Your __13__.” I brought it to my mom and asked her to open it.
There in the envelope were countless checks, which __14__my mom. I had a __15__ that I knew who had sent it, but I didn't want to tell my mom. It was from my friend at the soup kitchen.
1．A.skill B．money C．study D．language
2．A.work B．sleep C．play D．debate
3．A.familiar B．mean C．abandoned D．strange
4．A.crazy B．moved C．scared D．curious
5．A.shouting B．weeping C．swearing D．exploring
6．A.broken away B．gone up C．got through D．fallen down
7．A.check B．borrow C．prepare D．order
8．A.reply B．smell C．refuse D．tell
9．A.happily B．deliberately C．hopelessly D．terribly
10．A.ordinary B．expensive C．remote D．nice
11．A.start B．suggest C．handle D．resist
12．A.shabby B．light C．magical D．huge
13．A.Father B．Teacher C．Friend D．Aunt
14．A.devoted B．supported C．caught D．surprised
15．A.chance B．success C．feeling D．decision
[答题区]
1～5 ________________ 6～10 ________________ 11～15 ________________一轮组合训练(四)
一、阅读理解
A篇
ABOUT SMART
SMART runs both study tours for groups in England throughout the year and a holiday English course for foreign students during the summer in the center of London. Our courses combine English language learning with cultural studies in different centers around England. Our students have plenty of holiday fun, make new friends and learn a lot of English!
The holiday course
We provide lessons and afternoon activities to help you speak, write, listen and read in English, as well as understand the English people and their culture. We will help you learn through topics which are interesting to you.
The school
The elite school is in central London, just 5 minutes from Paddington Station and 10 minutes from Hyde Park. It has 15 classrooms including an IT room, a science lab, a music room, and an art room as well as a large cafeteria.
Travelling time from Heathrow Airport: 45 minutes
Trips
There are three trips every week. You can have fun either in London or outside London. In London we visit places such as the Tower of London, Buckingham Palace and the Tate Modern. Outside London we visit places such as Oxford, Cambridge and Brighton.
Terms
Age: 11－17
Minimum stay: 2 weeks
Maximum number of students in class: 15
Cost ￡550 per week, including：
→registration fees (￡ 60)
→tuition packages: 15 hours of English; a half day of creative arts; a full day trip on Saturday; all course materials; a half day of sport; 2 “Discover London” tours; lunch; a welcome pack
→host family accommodations
1．Which of the following is provided by the holiday course
A．Free access to 15 classrooms.
B．Culture based language study.
C．Pick up service from the airport.
D．Learning experiences in famous colleges.
2．How much will a student attending SMART's holiday course pay at least
A．￡550. B．￡610. C．￡1，100. D．￡1，160.
3．What is the text
A．A travel guide. B．An advertisement.
C．A journal entry. D．A study report.
B篇
[2023·新课标Ⅰ卷，B]When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making.
After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌) Which kinds of fish can eat cancer causing chemicals With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco machine.
The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge (污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge.
He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.
Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1，600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China.
“Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does. “Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor，” he says. “You put organisms in new relationships and observe what's happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self repair.”
4．What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs
A．He was fond of traveling.
B．He enjoyed being alone.
C．He had an inquiring mind.
D．He longed to be a doctor.
5．Why did John put the sludge into the tanks
A．To feed the animals.
B．To build an ecosystem.
C．To protect the plants.
D．To test the eco machine.
6．What is the author's purpose in mentioning Fuzhou
A．To review John's research plans.
B．To show an application of John's idea.
C．To compare John's different jobs.
D．To erase doubts about John's invention.
7．What is the basis for John's work
A．Nature can repair itself. B．Organisms need water to survive.
C．Life on Earth is diverse. D．Most tiny creatures live in groups.
C篇
Being a good parent requires providing a child with the steadfast love, attention, energy, and resources over a long period of time. It involves nourishing a small body, and it also involves growing a child's soul.
Parents are an enormously powerful force in the lives of children. Whether a child can read, whether he knows right from wrong, whether he is a happy, well adjusted kid, or gloomy (忧郁的) and self destructive, has a whole lot to do with the kind of parenting he has received. If a child's mom and dad have been able to come through with lasting and loving attention, he is on track to become an excellent citizen. If they have not, he is in trouble.
Thirty years ago, Chicago sociologist James S. Coleman showed that parental involvement mattered far more in determining school success than any attribute of the formal education system. Across a wide range of subject areas, in literature, science and reading, Coleman estimated that the parent was twice as powerful as the school in determining achievement at age 14. Psychologist Lawrence Steinberg, who recently completed a six year study of 20，000 teenagers in nine different communities, confirms the importance of parents. Steinberg points out that one out of three parents is seriously disengaged (脱离的) from his or her adolescent's education, and this is the primary reason why so many American students perform below their potential—and below students in other rich countries.
A weight of evidence now demonstrates obvious links between absent parents and a wide range of behavioral and emotional problems in children. A recent study of 90，000 teenagers—the Add Health Project undertaken by the Carolina Population Center and the Adolescent Health Program at the University of Minnesota—finds that youngsters are less likely to get depressed, use drugs or become involved in crime when they spent significant time with their parents. This study finds that the mere physical presence of a parent in the home after school, at dinner and at bedtime significantly reduces the incidence of risky behavior among teenagers.
8．Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the underlined word “steadfast” in Paragraph 1
A．Unexpected. B．Unchanging. C．Unbearable. D．Unusual.
9．What plays a key role in a child's growth according to Paragraph 2
A．A lot of reading. B．Excellent judgement.
C．Good parenting. D．Strong ability to deal with trouble.
10．What can Lawrence Steinberg's research imply
A．Parents should be concerned about children's education.
B．Parents are as powerful as schools in educating children.
C．American schools can't compare with schools in other countries.
D．American students perform below students in most countries.
11．What can we learn about the study mentioned in the last paragraph
A．It is conducted by two famous universities.
B．It involves many participants from different countries.
C．It shows parents' presence reduces behavioral problems in children.
D．It introduces several common crimes among teenagers in America.
[答题区]
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
答案
二、阅读七选五
Sometimes, we meet with situations that cause us to feel angry to the point we may want to erupt like a volcano or curse (咒骂) someone out. __1__ Here are some replies online to the question about how to deal with anger.
Go for a swim, lift weights, and practice other forms of exercise!
Science suggests that hearing, seeing, or swimming causes our brain to produce neurochemicals that increase blood flow to the brain and heart. “__2__ I like to lift weights. It completely takes the edge off. Heavy bag work is good for cardio and reducing anger. Yoga is great for both exercise and meditation，” wrote u/JackFunk.
Eat a healthier diet.
Proteins such as fish, tofu, and chicken, help us produce higher levels of dopamine and norepinephrine, which are chemicals in the brain that play a role in your mood, motivation, and concentration. “I found that some foods messed with my stomach. __3__ Over time I have removed various foods from my diet, and it has really helped，” u/JackFunk also wrote.
Write your feelings down.
Whether it's quick sentences or journal entries, writing down how you feel is a great way to release negative emotions. “__4__ Pour your heart out...and if you're worried that someone else may read it later, you can burn it to release the energy，” wrote u/ChoiceFabulous.
__5__
“If you have trouble not getting angry when discussing something or trying to work through a problem with someone, always imagine the conversation is being videotaped. If you keep that in the back of your mind, you will always think about what you say, and it could help keep your mind from the anger，” wrote u/therealtidbits.
A．For me, nothing is better than exercise.
B．Whenever I can't help getting angry, I read.
C．Pretend that when you get angry people are watching.
D．Whenever I can't exercise or burn out the feelings, I write.
E．They then messed with my head, which brought out the anger.
F．Pretend there is a camera before you and be mindful of what you say.
G．Anyway, there are always better ways to cope when angry.
[答题区]
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________
三、语法填空
Positive education is not just for the sake of students. One author has argued that not only should student happiness be 1.________ aim of education, but that teacher happiness should also be the aim of education. This author also 2.________ (claim) that happy teachers will directly lead to happy students, by helping their students connect education 3.________ happiness, as the teachers do.
Even the teachers 4.________ believe that student well being is an important part of teaching can feel burdened if asked to attend to both the academic and emotional needs of their students. If teachers are being asked to increase their workload (工作量), then 5.________ (step) must be taken to ensure their happiness as well. This is another reason to focus on teacher happiness as well as student happiness.
After all, as indicated above, teacher happiness is related to student happiness.
Research has even shown that teacher wages can affect their teaching outcomes (效果). Specifically, teachers who felt that their wages were 6.________ (unfair) low were in classrooms which were rated as 7.________ (have) lower levels of emotional support. In contrast, teachers who earned 8.________ (high) wages ended up with students who exhibited more positive emotional expressions and behavior.
In other words, both considering 9.________ (they) as being underpaid and actually making less money are associated with worse student outcomes for teachers. These findings indicate that 10.________ (raise) teacher wages would likely lead to improved emotional outcomes for students.
[答题区]
1．____________ 2.____________ 3.____________ 4.____________ 5.____________ 6．____________ 7.____________ 8.____________ 9.____________ 10.____________一轮组合训练(二十七)
一、阅读理解
A篇
Find Your Adventure at the Space and Aviation (航空) Center
If you're looking for a unique adventure, the Space and Aviation Center (SAC) is the place to be. The Center offers programs designed to challenge and inspire with hands on tasks and lots of fun.
More than 750，000 have graduated from SAC, with many seeking employment in engineering, aviation, education, medicine and a wide variety of other professions. They come to camp, wanting to know what it is like to be an astronaut or a pilot, and they leave with real world applications for what they're studying in the classroom.
For the trainees, the programs also offer various ways to earn merit badges (荣誉徽章).
Space Exploration badge—build and fire model rockets, learn about space tasks and try simulated (模拟的) flying to space with the crew from all over the world.
Aviation badge—learn the principles of flight and test their operating skills in the cockpit (驾驶舱) through the Aviation Challenge Program.
Wilderness Survival badge—learn about water and land survival through designed tasks and their search and rescue of “downed” pilot.
With all the programs, teamwork is key as trainees learn the importance of leadership and being part of a bigger task.
All this fun is available for ages 9 to 18. Families can enjoy the experience together, with programs for families with children as young as 7. Stay an hour or a week—there is something here for everyone!
For more details, please visit us online at www. oursac. com.
1．Why do people come to SAC
A．To experience adventures.
B．To get a degree in engineering.
C．To look for jobs in aviation.
D．To improve professional skills.
2．To earn a Space Exploration badge, what does a trainee need to do
A．Fly into the outer space.
B．Get an Aviation badge first.
C．Build and fire model rockets.
D．Study the principles of flight.
3．What is the most important for trainees
A．Professional level.
B．Survival skills.
C．Task planning.
D．Team spirit.
B篇
Denise Wallington, 70, from Bedfont in west London, retired from work in 2010 but vowed she'd never become a “boring” nanny. She joined local gym and got herself a hard workout routine which sees her in the gym every day for two and a half hours. She said, “I was afraid of turning 70 in September 2021, but I don't feel my age at all.”
As her confidence in the gym improved, she hardly spent a day without going to the gym. “When I first started, I would come home feeling tired，” she said. “Every muscle ached, but as I progressed, my fitness levels improved and I got better. I would never have believed in 100 years that I would love the gym so much.”
Denise said, “Working out and staying fit stops things from getting me down.” The nanny has been longing for living since losing her partner Phil in 2002, when he was just 58—making Denise realize life is precious. She said, “Phil died very young and very quickly. He became ill in February, was diagnosed in March and died on April 22. No one could believe it. Everybody was shocked at Phil's death. When Phil died, it made me take stock of (进行反思) my life and I am quite a confident and strong person as a result.”
Every day when she does her workouts, Denise meets up with a group of pals who help keep her young. She said, “I've made brilliant friends. As soon as I step in the gym, there is friendly teasing with the receptionists, the trainers, the cleaner—everyone. They all think I'm mad, but in a nice way. I'm the fittest nanny in the town. I'd advise other people in later life not to be scared by the gym. Give it a go, because it's just great.”
4．What caused Denise to hardly feel her age
A．She worked out hard in a gym regularly.
B．She felt confident and happy in life.
C．She never felt exhausted from workouts.
D．She was shocked at the loss of her husband.
5．What can best describe Denise's workouts in the gym
A．Exhausted. B．Addicted. C．Scared. D．Bored.
6．What lesson did Denise learn from her working out in the gym
A．It made her strong to overcome the misfortune.
B．It helped her realize life was very precious.
C．It encouraged her to be kind and humorous.
D．It made her feel never bored at the age of 70.
7．What was Denise's advice to those in retirement
A．Meeting young people to keep yourself young.
B．Playing kind jokes with cleaners at the street.
C．Having a try at the gym.
D．Making as many brilliant friends as you can.
C篇
89 year old Elsie Eiler is a one of a kind figure in the country as the sole resident of Monowi, America's tiniest town.
Monowi was once a booming railroad town in the 1930s. It once had around 120 residents and a lively business community. However, as urbanization and technological developments attracted people away from labor intensive farming and toward new opportunities in larger cities, Monowi began to shrink.
In 2004, Elsie faced a profound loss when her beloved husband passed away, leaving her as the last remaining resident of Monowi. Despite the loneliness, Elsie made a decision to remain in the town she called home. But don't mistake her loneliness for boredom or idleness. This strong willed woman keeps herself remarkably busy. Elsie takes on multiple roles within the town, serving as the hotel owner, mayor, treasurer, clerk, secretary, and librarian. However, she ensures that she takes a well deserved rest on Mondays.
The Monowi Hotel, under Elsie's management, operates six days a week. Tourists from over 47 states and more than 40 countries, along with regulars from nearby towns, frequent the hotel for a bite to eat or a refreshing drink. Despite challenges posed by the crisis, Elsie's hotel received stable support from the locals, enabling it to endure while other small businesses struggled. In 2021, the town celebrated Elsie's impressive 50 year tenure (任期) as hotel owner, with friends, family, and neighboring townspeople gathering to honor her while playing cards and sharing fond memories.
Elsie's determination to preserve Monowi makes her a devoted caretaker of the town's heritage. She single handed completes the necessary paperwork to maintain Monowi's corporation and has even elected herself as mayor. Collecting $500 in taxes annually, Elsie ensures the town's three lampposts are well lit and that its water supply is running smoothly.
Asked about the possibility of leaving, Elsie dismisses the idea outright. She states, “I'm happy here. I want to be here, or I wouldn't stay here.” Elsie Eiler's devotion to preserving Monowi's identity and keeping its spirit alive makes her a true miracle.
8．Why did Monowi's population decrease
A．Its residents lost their farms.
B．Its management was out of date.
C．Its tourism business went into a decline.
D．Its residents sought opportunities outside.
9．How is Eiler's life in Monowi
A．Boring but meaningful.
B．Lonely but safe.
C．Risky and struggling.
D．Fruitful and delightful.
10．What do we know about Eiler's hotel
A．It has a history of 50 years.
B．It operates seven days a week.
C．It attracts varieties of tourists.
D．It suffers seriously from the crisis.
11．What's the meaning of Eiler's stay in Monowi
A．Increasing the town's taxes.
B．Expanding the town's size.
C．Boosting the town's business.
D．Keeping the town's spirit alive.
[答题区]
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
答案
二、完形填空
After graduation, I decided to take the gym a little more seriously. Accompanied by a friend, I began a __1__ routine of walking on the treadmill (跑步机) or climbing the stair machine.
One day, my friend __2__ that we take up a sport. Me Sports No way. I opposed his idea.
However, after a few weeks he __3__ me to step onto an outdoor racquetball (美式墙网球) court. The first few “games” were quite __4__. Still, somehow, I managed to learn to play at a great skill __5__.
“We're not getting enough exercise. We should play tennis instead.”
Tennis I can't play tennis! That __6__ real skills! I firmly resisted his new __7__ at ruining my life.
However, weeks later, I found myself __8__ on a tennis court. The first few months were quite __9__. But one day, as the ball came flying toward me, my racket and the ball finally met in what tennis players __10__ as the “sweet spot”. I had __11__ learned how to play tennis properly!
I learned an extremely valuable __12__ during my journey toward mastering racquetball and tennis: I can do whatever I set my __13__ to. I just need to put in the work, and the results will __14__. Had I not stepped outside of my comfort zone, I would have never __15__ how much I enjoyed tennis. I began to try new things willingly, with a sense of excitement.
1．A.regular B.similar C．popular D．typical
2．A.decided B．suggested C．insisted D．requested
3．A.demanded B．allowed C．expected D．persuaded
4．A.special B．funny C．effective D．important
5．A.place B．stage C．level D．status
6．A.contains B．reflects C．presents D．involves
7．A.method B．experiment C．attempt D．measure
8．A.competing B．sitting C．watching D．standing
9．A.painful B．interesting C．valuable D．unusual
10．A.speak of B．refer to C．make up D．set down
11．A.occasionally B．formally C．eventually D．frequently
12．A.concept B．lesson C．principle D．theory
13．A.dream B．hope C．vision D．mind
14．A.matter B．remain C．follow D．occur
15．A.discovered B．analyzed C．considered D．thought
[答题区]
1～5 ________________ 6～10 ________________ 11～15 ________________一轮组合训练(四十一)
一、阅读理解
A篇
Fiji is one of the world's top five honeymoon destinations according to a travel poll (民意调查).
This heartfelt greeting is your warm invitation to visit an undiscovered paradise! Fiji is a unique destination, a South Pacific tropical island paradise of charm and cultural diversity. Its miles of unspoiled beaches, sparkling lakes and shining sunsets offer an experience you'll never forget.
From giant mountains to tiny atolls (环状珊瑚岛), Fiji's 300 tropical islands are as richly varied as the diverse friendly colorful people who inhabit them. They equally welcome the couples in search of privacy or the groups on the trip of a lifetime.
Warm weather, a stress free environment and world class facilities with first class service make Fiji as near as possible to a paradise—a truly great escape.
Top Five Things to Do in Fiji：
·Dive on large coral reefs.
·Visit a traditional Fijian village.
·Swim in the warm, crystal clear water.
·Be amazed as fire walkers trek across the pits of red hot stones.
·Cruise (乘船游览) the Yasawa Islands.
A Few Facts：
Population: About 896 400 people inhabit the Fiji Islands.
Time Zone: Fiji is 12 hours ahead of Greenwich Mean Time.
Electricity: 240 volts—most resorts and hotels have 110 volt converters (转换器).
Taxes: A Government Value Added Tax (currently 10%) is applied to all goods and services supplied.
Climate: Now you have found paradise! Fiji enjoys the perfect climate all year round. The temperature is about 86° Fahrenheit from November to April and 79° Fahrenheit from May to October.
1．What can we learn from the travel poll
A．Fiji is popular with old people.
B．Fiji is popular with newly married couples.
C．There live friendly colorful people in Fiji.
D．Fiji is one of the world's top five destinations.
2．What can we do in Fiji
A．Visit a bird paradise.
B．Wander around a local village.
C．Go skating on the Yasawa Islands.
D．Swim in the cold and clear water.
3．What do we know about Fiji
A．Fiji is 12 hours ahead of Beijing Time.
B．December is the hottest season in Fiji.
C．We have to pay 10% tax on all services we get.
D．The electrical pressure of Fiji is 220 volts.
B篇
A group of teens in New Jersey Kiernan Foley, 14, and his friends, Scalice, Dietrich, Tyler and Day were standing near the pond when they heard screams. “We heard someone yelling, ‘Hop off! Hop off！’” Foley said when they were interviewed. “We turned around and saw two kids coming down the hill.”
Stephanie Irlbeck and Rich Heid, the parents of the children rescued, had been watching from the top of a hill when the brothers' sled (雪橇) hit a piece of ice and slid down a snowy ridge (山脊) before landing in the frozen pond.
Foley wasted no time and jumped into the water, which was only a few feet deep, and began pulling the children, 8 year old Gene Heid and his 4 year old brother Robert Heid, out. His friends quickly formed a human chain and they safely brought the kids back onto land.
“I give Foley all the credit. He jumped right in there without any hesitation，” Day said in the interview. “All of us were a great team, and we all followed along and saved two kids.”
Irlbeck praised the boys as heroes in a post online. “Not only did they stop a potentially catastrophic situation but also they were trying to calm both of my kids down. They didn't even want anything in return. THANK YOU. THANK YOU for having such AMAZING KIDS，” she wrote in the hope that their parents would see the message.
The teens remained humble (谦虚的) throughout the interview. Foley, who lost his right boot during the rescue, said that they were “just at the right place in the right time”. And Scalice said, “We believe anyone else would do the exact same thing as we did.”
4．Why did the brothers slide down the hill into the pond
A．They knew the water wasn't deep.
B．Their parents didn't watch over them.
C．Their sled lost control due to a piece of ice.
D．They wanted to play with the teens near the pond.
5．Who took action first to save the brothers
A．Foley. B．Day. C．Scalice. D．Dietrich.
6．What made the teens succeed in saving the brothers according to Day
A．Foley's effort.
B．Their parents' education.
C．The praise of the brothers' mother.
D．Their cooperation as a team.
7．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．Stay Away from Dangerous Ponds
B．A Great Team Makes a Difference
C．Five Teens Save Children from a Frozen Pond
D．Keep Calm in the Face of Danger
C篇
In the digital age, opportunities are arising for everyone. However, only those putting plans into action can stay ahead. Alexandr Wang is one such example.
Los Alamos National Laboratory was where Alexandr spent his childhood. Both his parents were physicists there. Alexandr, from a young age, had a sharp mind. As a kid, he was regarded as a math wizard (奇才) and competed in national math and computer competitions. Finishing high school, Alexandr entered MIT where machine learning and AI amazed him. He saw the potential of AI, and was excited about how it could change the world. But it wasn't making a real impact. His ambition to set up an enterprise committed to that was seeded then.
At 17, he got the role of tech lead at Quora and dropped out of MIT. “I told my parents it was just going to be a thing I did for the summer. Obviously, it wasn't，” Alexandr said. Surely, his parents were disappointed. They all knew he made that change filled with unexpected risks. But Alexandr said, “If you aren't willing to take a risk now, then when？” Alexandr met Lucy Guo at Quora, with whom Alexandr founded Scale AI, a considerable success.
In fact, at that time, there were various opportunities in the tech world. It was hard to decide which road they should go down. Then he and his team decided to take a different approach—instead of following diverse paths, they agreed to focus on one. They went with “imagery, computer vision and other kinds of sensor data”. And that is what made the company's profits rise quickly. Scale AI has a current net worth of about $7.3 billion, with Alexandr being the world's youngest self made billionaire.
When asked lessons he'd like to share with founders, Alexandr stated there are a number of things. “The top one is always doing things that are consistent with your values and how you want to build a company initially. When you talk to investors, they'll contribute advice that may go against your object. Figure out your focus and what gets you started.”
8．What inspired Alexandr to build Scale AI
A．The work at Quora.
B．His experiences at university.
C．The influence of his parents.
D．His talent for math and computer.
9．What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 4
A．The key to the success of Scale AI.
B．Challenges of Alexandr's career.
C．Alexandr's great achievements.
D．The process of founding Scale AI.
10．What does Alexandr advise founders to do
A．Stick to one particular direction.
B．Keep an open mind on suggestions.
C．Remain true to the original intention.
D．Find a motive for starting a company.
11．Which of the following can best describe Alexandr
A．Clever and generous.
B．Courageous and outgoing.
C．Ambitious and sociable.
D．Adventurous and determined.
[答题区]
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
答案
二、完形填空
Camel wrestling is a rarely known sport that has been held in Turkey since the 1900s. The sport __1__ two male camels who are wrestling against each other in a wide field, and whoever is __2__ in toppling down their opponent wins the match. The current Turkish government __3__ camel wrestling to be held annually, as they believe that it is part of their __4__.
However, there have been many animal rights activists who are trying to __5__ the sport because of animal cruelty. Regardless of the __6__ against camel wrestling, the sport is still played until today.
There are __7__ more than 25 camel wrestling competitions held in Turkey each year, and most of these tournaments are __8__ to an annual festival. There are about 100 camels __9__ in these events every year, and one camel would have to fight ten or more matches in a single event.
The __10__ for the events are in football stadiums or an open field where there are __11__ to prevent the camels from escaping. At the end of the camel wrestling season, which is in the third or fourth week of March, the camels who __12__ the most matches would fight against each other, __13__ to how “All Star” events for some sports like basketball, baseball, and American football are played.
Camel wrestling has been a big tourist attraction for Turkey since the 1960s, as many tourists believed that __14__ a live camel wrestling event would let them be immersed (浸入) in Turkey's culture. The sport is also quite __15__ among locals and is currently one of the most popular sports in Turkey alongside oil wrestling and football.
1．A.represents B．highlights C．involves D．requires
2．A.effective B．successful C．capable D．responsible
3．A.forbids B．persuades C．advises D．allows
4．A.culture B．economy C．education D．agriculture
5．A.break down B．turn down C．shut down D．strike down
6．A.opposition B．imagination C．depression D．discussion
7．A.historically B．currently C．surprisingly D．naturally
8．A.invited B．compared C．adjusted D．connected
9．A.holding B．escaping C．participating D．remaining
10．A.stages B．theaters C．locations D．parks
11．A.fences B．cages C．gates D．chains
12．A.survive B．won C．watched D．attended
13．A.familiar B．useful C．important D．similar
14．A.filming B．experiencing C．coaching D．recording
15．A.popular B．influential C．thrilling D．pleasant
[答题区]
1～5 ________________ 6～10 ________________ 11～15 ________________一轮组合训练(二十二)
一、阅读理解
A篇
If there's one fun thing you can do at night by the campfire, it's gazing at the stars with astronomy apps.
Star Walk 2
Star Walk 2 shows you the positions of various astronomical objects from your chosen location. It features solar system objects, deep sky objects and even satellites. It tells you each object's rising and setting times to help you plan your stargazing activity. If you pay to upgrade it to the superior version, you'll have access to more information and photos of these objects.
Stellarium Mobile
Stellarium Mobile has information on more than 1.4 billion stars, 3 million galaxies (星系) and even the majority of visible man made satellites. Buttons don't crowd the screen, making it a lot more enjoyable to view the night sky in all its glory. There's also a Night Mode feature that enables you to turn your phone screen red for easier use in the dark. You can use Stellarium Mobile for free. But if you want to control a telescope, view objects in 3D, you'll need to upgrade it to a paid account.
Nightshift Stargazing
The app provides all the information you'll need to make the most out of your night. It tells you the weather conditions in your area, including cloud cover and rainfall. It will give you valuable insights, such as when the sun and moon will rise and set, what phase (月相) the moon will be in, how long it will be dark outside, which planets will be visible, what time you can observe each visible planet, and whether there will be any active meteor (流星) showers.
Heavens Above
Heavens Above contains the Sky Chart, which is a chart of the sky above you. It shows you the names of the planets and stars you can potentially see when you look up. To figure out the exact position of the planets and satellites, adjust your mobile device toward the sky, and a pointer on the Sky Chart will move accordingly. Keep moving the pointer to where your object of interest is to help you determine its location in real life. You can use the app for free, but you will have to pay if you want to use the professional version.
1．Who are the apps mainly intended for
A．Nature photographers.
B．Amateur astronomers.
C．Space scientists.
D．Camping lovers.
2．Which app is completely free to use
A．Star Walk 2.
B．Stellarium Mobile.
C．Nightshift Stargazing.
D．Heavens Above.
3．What is the function of Heavens Above
A．It tells each object's rising and setting times.
B．It predicts the weather conditions of the areas.
C．It helps locate the exact position of the objects.
D．It makes viewing the night sky more enjoyable.
B篇
When someone tells me that they're going to spend just 3 days in Paris, I feel like they're most likely not going to love it. I mean, it's possible to have a great time if you do it right and put what you want to see at the first place. During such a short visit most tourists head to see the Eiffel Tower, Notre Dame, Louvre and some other tourist attractions, and therefore experience crowds, long lines and not the real local Paris.
Take your pick and spend some time actually enjoying these things instead of rushing through everything. I'm not telling you not to see these famous landmarks, but in order to fully feel the Paris atmosphere, you need to stay in the city longer. A stay in Paris just for a weekend seems far from seeing all the great things.
Almost everyone is dreaming of getting to the top of the Eiffel Tower. But the moment you start approaching the tower you might realize that it's not very romantic, as it's surrounded by a ton of visitors and annoying vendors (小贩). The place is crowded, and lines take forever no matter when you visit it.
It's hard to find a romantic spot unless you book a dinner on top of the Eiffel Tower. It's something you will only do once, as it's not the best fine dining you've ever had—you're doing it just for the experience. However, if you climb the stairs behind the Croatian Embassy you may be able to find a quiet spot overlooking the tower. The view is wonderful and definitely worth it, especially at night when the tower starts blinking!
I recommend you to see the city from up high from the top of the Tour Montparnasse, Arc de Triomphe, or even a carousel (旋转木马) in Tuileries, and actually have the Eiffel Tower in your view.
4．What can we infer from the first paragraph
A．You can only see crowds at tourist attractions.
B．It takes more time to experience the real Paris.
C．Three days can't cover all attractions of Paris.
D．He who has a short visit doesn't love Paris.
5．What is TRUE about visiting Paris according to the author
A．Seeing the whole city at the weekend.
B．Only visiting the famous landmarks of the city.
C．Fully feeling the atmosphere of the city.
D．Rushing through all attractions in the city.
6．What does a tourist usually feel after visiting the Eiffel Tower
A．Exhausted. B．Sad. C．Delighted. D．Romantic.
7．What can you see if you climb the stairs behind the Croatian Embassy
A．The whole city.
B．The blinking stars.
C．A quiet place.
D．The Eiffel Tower.
C篇
The germ killing standby might not be as effective as you thought. The hand sanitizer (洗手液) isn't perfect. And, it may surprise you to know that it doesn't provide long lasting protection. That's contrary to what many people believe : more than half think that hand sanitizers last longer than they really do.
This is more important than ever with the spread of the new coronavirus, which causes the breathing disease COVID 19. On the recommendations from leading organizations like the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), which suggest that one way to prevent the virus is by using a hand sanitizer with at least 60 percent alcohol, people are snatching up the products at a quick clip.
Here's the thing: hand sanitizers don't work to protect you for long and cleaning your hands more often is actually the best and first choice.
Washing your hands with soap and water can wash germs down the drain, while hand sanitizers kill whatever is on your hands at that moment. If you touch something else polluted, you need to use a sanitizer again. The same goes for soap and water. Neither keeps your hands clean longer than a couple of minutes. “As soon as you're done washing or using a sanitizer, there is no remaining effect. You can pollute your hands again right away，” says Tierno. That happens as soon as you touch common (and often dirty ) surfaces, like banisters, elevator buttons, or counters.
So, before eating or drinking or touching your face for any reason, you'll need to either wash with soap and water or use a hand sanitizer. If your hands are dirty and you don't have a hand sanitizer on you, just wait to touch your face. To wash properly, rub your hands with enough soap for 20 to 30 seconds, making sure to get in between fingers and the backs of your hands. Don't forget to get under your nails by scraping your nails on the opposite hand.
8．Which preventive measure does the author most recommend
A．Cleaning hands more often.
B．Using alcohol to kill the virus.
C．Avoiding touching dirty surfaces.
D．Buying urgently needed products.
9．What can we infer from Paragraph 4
A．We don't need to keep our hands clean.
B．Hand sanitizers are more effective.
C．Our hands get polluted easily.
D．Washing hands with soap and water has a long lasting effect.
10．What should we avoid doing before we make our hands clean
A．Cutting our nails.
B．Rubbing our hands.
C．Touching everyday items.
D．Touching our face with hands.
11．Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A．Wash Your Hands Before Eating
B．Stay Together to Fight Against the Virus
C．The Effect of Hand Sanitizers Can't Last Long
D．Depend on Hand Sanitizers for Your Safety
[答题区]
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
答案
二、阅读七选五
French writer Annie Ernaux used her own experience to explore life in France since the 1940s. On Thursday, the Swedish Academy announced that she had won this year's Nobel Prize in Literature. __1__ They shine light on dark corners of memory, family and society. The Swedish Academy also said Ernaux, who is 82 years old, earned the prize for the way she writes about the complex nature of personal memory. She is the first French writer to win the prize since Patrick Modiano in 2014.
Ernaux started out writing creative stories, or fiction, based on her own life, but quickly moved from fiction to factual (真实的) stories about her life. __2__ He said Ernaux had said she was producing a scientific study of herself rather than writing fiction.
__3__ Most of them are very short. They record events in her life and the lives of those around her. Olsson said Ernaux's works were often “uncompromising and written in plain language, scraped (刮掉) clean”. He told reporters that she has created something that we can respect.
Her book A Man's Place, about her relationship with her father, was the first to bring her fame. She wrote, “This neutral writing style comes to me naturally.” __4__ She describes herself and French society from the end of World War Ⅱ to the present day. Unlike in earlier books, in The Years, Ernaux writes about herself in the third person. She called her character “she” rather than “I”. The book received many awards and honors.
The 2022 Nobel Peace Prize will be announced on Friday and the economics award on Monday. __5__ All the prizes, except the one for economics, were established by Swedish inventor Alfred Nobel, who died in 1895.
A．She wrote more than 20 books.
B．She was born in a rural village in Normandy.
C．The prizes include a cash award of about $900，000.
D．It said she received the award for her excellent works.
E．Anders Olsson is the chair of the Nobel literature committee.
F．Her most highly praised book is The Years, published in 2008.
G．Annie Ernaux will attend the great awarding ceremony to get the prize.
[答题区]
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________
三、语法填空
[2023·新课标Ⅱ卷]Whenever I tell people that I teach English at the Berlin Zoo, I almost always get a questioning look. Behind it, the person is trying to figure out who exactly I teach... the animals
Since June 2017, right before the 1.________ (arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and 2.________ (confidence) speaking English. And who do they speak English 3.________？
Not the pandas, even though 4.________ language used for the medical training instructions is actually English. They talk to the flood of international tourists and to 5.________ (visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China. They also need to be ready to give 6.________ (interview) in English with international journalists. This is 7.________ they need an English trainer.
So, what are they learning 8.________ (basic), how to describe a panda's life. It's been an honor to watch the panda programme develop 9.________ to see the pandas settle into their new home. As a little girl, I 10.________ (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up. Now, I'm living out that dream indirectly by helping the panda keepers do their job in English.
[答题区]
1．____________ 2.____________ 3.____________ 4.____________ 5.____________ 6．____________ 7.____________ 8.____________ 9.____________ 10.____________一轮组合训练(五)
一、阅读理解
A篇
At the time of year when the sun's daily appearance is often short lived, the following warm places in Washington State are your first choice.
Alderbrook Resort & Spa
Less than a two hour drive from Seattle, located on the edge of the Hood Canal, a nature filled retreat (僻静处) is waving. Seals slide along the waters of the Alderbrook dock, playing a game of “Go Fish” with dive bombing seabirds. As you sit on the shaking dock just minutes after arrival, you are already in a quieter world.
Suncadia Resort
A mountain escape awaits just over the pass on I 90, about 80 miles east of Seattle. The resort's annual winter festival lasts until January 2, full of holiday celebrations and winter recreations, from cross county skiing and snow mobile tours to ice skating and snowshoe tours.
Willows Lodge
20 miles from Seattle, this luxury lodge is nestled into the center of Woodinville Wine Country. Situated on five landscaped acres that border the Sammamish River, the Northwest style lodge is within walking distance of more than 35 tasting rooms. When you step into the lodge, fire crackles and hot apple pie welcome your arrival with a celebratory air.
Seattle area Retreats
Salish Lodge & Spa is a scenic 30 minute drive from Seattle, bringing you to a lodge integrating the old world atmosphere and modern elegance. Get out to enjoy the surrounding nature, hiking near the rushing 270 foot tall Snoqualmie Falls or trying activities like snowshoeing. Head to North Bend for a slice of Twede's Cafe strawberry pie.
1．Where can you go to see sea animals
A．Alderbrook Resort & Spa.
B．Suncadia Resort.
C．Willows Lodge.
D．Seattle area Retreats.
2．What can you enjoy at Suncadia Resort
A．Performances of animals.
B．A month long festival.
C．An exhibition of snowshoes.
D．Snow related activities.
3．What do Willows Lodge and Seattle area Retreats have in common
A．They feature wine tasting.
B．They focus on outdoor activities.
C．They serve food made from fruits.
D．They combine the ancient and modern trends.
B篇
[2023·新课标Ⅰ卷，D]On March 7，1907, the English statistician Francis Galton published a paper which illustrated what has come to be known as the “wisdom of crowds” effect. The experiment of estimation he conducted showed that in some cases, the average of a large number of independent estimates could be quite accurate.
This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors, those errors aren't always the same. Some people will tend to overestimate, and some to underestimate. When enough of these errors are averaged together, they cancel each other out, resulting in a more accurate estimate. If people are similar and tend to make the same errors, then their errors won't cancel each other out. In more technical terms, the wisdom of crowds requires that people's estimates be independent. If for whatever reasons, people's errors become correlated or dependent, the accuracy of the estimate will go down.
But a new study led by Joaquin Navajas offered an interesting twist (转折) on this classic phenomenon. The key finding of the study was that when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion, the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals. For instance, the average obtained from the estimates of four discussion groups of five was significantly more accurate than the average obtained from 20 independent individuals.
In a follow up study with 100 university students, the researchers tried to get a better sense of what the group members actually did in their discussion. Did they tend to go with those most confident about their estimates Did they follow those least willing to change their minds This happened some of the time, but it wasn't the dominant response. Most frequently, the groups reported that they “shared arguments and reasoned together.” Somehow, these arguments and reasoning resulted in a global reduction in error.
Although the studies led by Navajas have limitations and many questions remain, the potential implications for group discussion and decision making are enormous.
4．What is paragraph 2 of the text mainly about
A．The methods of estimation.
B．The underlying logic of the effect.
C．The causes of people's errors.
D．The design of Galton's experiment.
5．Navajas' study found that the average accuracy could increase even if ________．
A．the crowds were relatively small
B．there were occasional underestimates
C．individuals did not communicate
D．estimates were not fully independent
6．What did the follow up study focus on
A．The size of the groups.
B．The dominant members.
C．The discussion process.
D．The individual estimates.
7．What is the author's attitude toward Navajas' studies
A.Unclear. B．Dismissive. C．Doubtful. D．Approving.
C篇
Jill Wheatley was a PE teacher in Germany. On the weekends she competed in marathons around Europe. But life threw her a near deadly blow. While teaching a PE class, she was hit on the head with a baseball. The impact was so great that it left her with a brain injury and 70 percent vision loss, permanently blinding her in one eye. She spent 26 months in seven different hospitals, at times wishing it would just all end.
Desperately, Wheatley set out to find comfort and healing (治疗) in nature. She travelled to Nepal where a friend convinced her to run in the Annapurna 100 with him. The power from that race changed her life and eventually had her look up at the tops of the mountains. Project Vision 8000 was born. And she began her mission to stand on the top of the world's 14 highest mountains, towering 8，000 meters above sea level, to show herself and others the power of the choice and possibility.
Colors and touch help guide her on the mountain and she has never once felt too tired to carry on. “The only constant thing is change, so when the weather gets really bad or a storm is coming in, I know it is going to pass.” So far, she's had few problems standing among giants, but she admits she continues to struggle with overcoming the “mountains of her mind”. Having already stared death in the face, Wheatley has great respect for the mountains and the mission she is on. But she's not scared. The experience almost claimed her life, but it is now the driving force and fuel behind her success. At every icy peak, she smiles and takes a quick video with a breathless “So very thankful” whispered into the thin air.
8．What happened to Wheatley according to Paragraph 1
A．She came last in a race.
B．She suffered a head injury.
C．She lost her sight completely.
D．She was attacked on purpose in a class.
9．What drove Wheatley to launch Project Vision 8000
A．Her exploration of nature.
B．Her friend's timely suggestions.
C．Her strong love for sports.
D．Her participation in the Annapurna 100.
10．What can we learn about Wheatley from the last paragraph
A．Her attitude toward adversity was reshaped.
B．She was used to poor weather conditions.
C．She ignored the mountains of her mind.
D．Her nature helped her overcome fear.
11．What could be the best title for the text
A．Every peak is within reach B．Lose sight to gain vision
C．Actions speak louder than words D．Nature will take its course
[答题区]
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
答案
二、完形填空
When Rick Hoyt was born in 1962 he was diagnosed as a spastic quadriplegic with cerebral palsy (伴有脑瘫的痉挛性四肢瘫痪者). Dick and his wife Judy were advised to institutionalize Rick, but they chose to incorporate him in community life.
In the spring of 1977, Rick told his father that he wanted to __1__ a 5 mile benefit run. Far from being a long distance runner, Dick __2__ to push Rick in his wheelchair and they finished all 5 miles, coming in next to last. That night, Rick told his father, “Dad, when I was running, it felt like I'm not__3__.”
This success was just the beginning of what would become over 1，000 races __4__. The 2009 Boston Marathon was officially Team Hoyt's 1000th race. Rick always says if it comes down to doing one __5__ a year he would like it to be the Boston Marathon.
2013 was going to be Team Hoyt's last Boston Marathon together, but they were not able to __6__ due to the terrorist bombing at the finish line. They __7__ to be back in 2014 to finish the race with all the other runners, which they did, __8__ many times along the 26.2 miles' distance to take photos and shake hands with the many well wishers.
Rick was once __9__， “If you could give your father one thing, what would it be？” Rick __10__， “The thing I'd most like for my dad is to sit him in the chair and I __11__ him to complete a race.”
Racing in support of others in need, sacrificing their time and energy to __12__ others, Team Hoyt continued in that same __13__ for 37 years. They proved to everyone that anything can be done with stubborn enough __14__， devotion, and above all, the bottomless depths of __15__ that can be found only in the unique bond between a father and his son.
1．A.participate in B．cheer for C．give up D．look at
2．A.hated B．pretended C．happened D．agreed
3．A.healthy B．strong C．disabled D．wealthy
4．A.completed B．considered C．arranged D．suggested
5．A.action B．wish C．race D．exercise
6．A.finish B．sign C．follow D．understand
7．A.hurried B．remembered C．promised D．hesitated
8．A.walking B．stopping C．standing D．smiling
9．A.requested B．supported C．asked D．recommended
10．A.denied B．responded C．read D．recalled
11．A.push B．thank C．welcome D．greet
12．A.encourage B．affect C．inform D．benefit
13．A.competition B．sport C．spirit D．position
14．A.character B．perseverance C．strength D．mind
15．A.love B．connection C．relationship D．sympathy
[答题区]
1～5 ________________ 6～10 ________________ 11～15 ________________一轮组合训练(三十)
一、阅读理解
A篇
Researchers said they have discovered new evidence that Mars once had a large ocean and that ancient Mars had the right conditions to possibly support some form of life.
Today, Mars has a cold, desert climate. Any water is believed to be in the form of ice because of the planet's extremely cold temperatures. But there is a rich amount of evidence suggesting that rivers, lakes and even oceans once existed on Mars. A study suggested that 4.3 billion years ago, Mars likely had an ocean that covered nearly half of Mars' northern hemisphere. Another study estimated that three billion years ago, the climate in much of the planet's northern hemisphere was very similar to present day Earth. At the time, Mars likely had a much thicker atmosphere than today and had an active ocean.
Now, two American researchers have released a set of maps that they say provides new environmental evidence of a large ancient ocean on Mars' lowlying northern hemisphere. The team collected data from satellite images of Mars. Using these maps, the researchers said they were able to piece together evidence of shorelines that sat at the edge of a huge body of water about three and a half billion years ago.
The team said it used software to map the data collected by spacecraft. The research uncovered more than 6，500 kilometers of ridges that are believed to have been formed by flowing water. The team said its research also suggested large levels of sediment, providing further evidence of a large ocean.
Researcher Benjamin Cardenas said the study's findings that prove the possible ocean in that area of Mars was interesting. “It was dynamic. The sea level rose significantly，” he said. “Rocks were being deposited along its basins at a fast rate. There were a lot of changes happening here.”
Cardenas suggested the new study also provides useful information on Mars' ancient climate and developmental history. “Based on these findings, we know there had to have been a period when it was warm enough and the atmosphere was thick enough to support this much liquid water at one time，” he said.
1．How does the author develop the second paragraph
A．By analyzing the cause.
B．By giving some examples.
C．By listing some numbers.
D．By presenting basic facts.
2．What's the new proof for the ocean on Mars
A．The discovery of ice under its surface.
B．The finding of a huge body of water.
C．The existence of ridges and sediment.
D．The fossils of various ocean creatures.
3．What did Cardenas think of the possible ocean
A．Active.
B．Calm.
C．Dead.
D．Smooth.
4．What is the best title for the passage
A．The discovery about the formation of Mars
B．The appearance of new life forms on Mars
C．The development of the warm period of Mars
D．The new evidence for a large ancient ocean on Mars
B篇
Dancing with your grandma for 15 minutes a week promotes positive feelings and improves her state of mind, a study claims. Doctors from Israel are encouraging younger family members to have a regular visit to their grandmas and have a dance with their grandmas.
And they found a 15 minute boogie (布吉舞) once a week lifted the spirits of the elder family members and helped strengthen the familial bond. In fact, it is called Dance Movement Therapy (DMT) (舞蹈运动疗法). DMT across the generations, complete with eye contact, was found to promote positive feelings and improve spirits for the elderly.
The grandparents reported a bright state of mind, happy memories and uplifted spirits. Dancing has also previously been linked to improved muscle strength, balance and endurance (耐力). For the grandchildren in the study, the weekly boogie changed how they viewed aging and allowed them to come to accept the eventual death of their elderly relatives.
The study, published in the journal Frontiers in Psychology, assessed how dance affected general health of 16 dance movement therapists and their grandmothers. DMT was taken seriously due to the fact that it is easily accessible and does not cost much to practice. The researchers were eager to examine a lowcost method to treat issues commonly faced by an aging population—such as limited mobility and depression. Grandchildren were instructed to make eye contact and encourage playfulness and touch. They were also told to mirror their grandmothers' movements and give them time and space to rest when needed.
The sessions were recorded and then analyzed while diaries and interviews captured the opinions and feelings of the participants. As well as the benefits to the health of the senior, the experiment also changed the idea of the younger family members.
5．What should the young people do when dancing with their grandmas
A．Follow the grandmas' steps.
B．Look at the grandmas' eyes.
C．Move the bodies as much as possible.
D．Talk with the grandmas in a gentle voice.
6．What can we infer from the third paragraph
A．Dancing brings the young happy memories and uplifted spirits.
B．Dancing enables the senior to accept aging and death of their old relatives.
C．Dancing benefited both the senior and the young in the study.
D．Dancing was linked to improved muscle strength and balance in the study.
7．Which of the following is the best advantage of DMT
A．Inexpensive.
B．Relaxing.
C．Attractive.
D．Pleasant.
8．What is the best title for the text
A．What Does DMT Mean
B．Dancing: A Good Way to Keep Active
C．Why Don't You Dance for 15 Minutes Every Week
D．Dancing with Grandparents Is Good for Health and Family Ties
C篇
Blue light blocking glasses are supposed to reduce the effects of short wavelength light from our smartphones, computer screens and LED lights: namely, eye strain (眼疲劳) leading to poor sleep and cataracts and macular degeneration (白内障和视网膜黄斑部变性). They can range from under $15 all the way up to several hundred dollars. But do they really work
Dr. Elizabeth Esparaz, an ophthalmologist and lifestyle medicine specialist based in Cleveland, Ohio, says the science that manufacturers share to promote these glasses can be confusing. For starters, blue light isn't just about tech devices, and it's not always bad. “The sun gives off a much higher intensity of blue light than human made devices of course, and it's actually beneficial，” says Dr. Esparaz. It helps our mood, alertness and sleep wake cycle.
However, blue light at night is not a good thing: It suppresses the release of melatonin (褪黑激素). “Melatonin helps regulate our circadian rhythms and makes us sleepy，” says Dr. Esparaz.
So, in theory, blue light blocking glasses should help people who watch movies in bed or read at night to avoid sleeplessness. Indeed, a 2021 review from the University of Oklahoma that looked at 24 previous studies found people affected by sleep disorders, jet lag and shift work fell asleep faster after using these glasses.
As for eye strain, an Australian study of 120 people in 2021 showed that those wearing the glasses did not experience less eye strain than those using clear glasses. And a 2018 review study, also by Australian researchers, concluded that there was insufficient evidence to show that they prevent macular degeneration.
“These glasses aren't going to be harmful，” says Dr. Esparaz, so people who find them effective should keep using them. But, she adds, a lack of standardization in the industry means there's no way to know if one pair is better than another.
You can always activate the blue light blocking function on your devices and limit screen time before bed. To help reduce eye strain, Dr. Esparaz suggests taking breaks and using eye drops.
9．What does the underlined word “suppresses” mean in Paragraph 3
A．Presses. B．Prevents. C．Stimulates. D．Increases.
10．Who will benefit from the glasses according to the studies
A．People under great pressure.
B．People experiencing eye strain.
C．People with macular degeneration.
D．People suffering from sleep disorders.
11．What do we know about the glasses from the last two paragraphs
A．They are useful to some people.
B．They each have the same quality.
C．They can help reduce eye strain.
D．They can activate the blue light function.
12．What's Dr. Esparaz's attitude to blue light blocking glasses
A．Objective. B．Indifferent. C．Opposed. D．Doubtful.
[答题区]
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
答案
二、七选五
There is a long tradition in the African nation of Ghana where local artists have been painting posters. __1__ But as the interest in local movie theaters continues to drop, Daniel Anum Jasper has found success selling his posters in other countries.
Jasper was one of the country's first movie poster designers. __2__ From the late 1970s through the 1990s, Ghana developed a tradition of advertising films with colorful and descriptive hand painted posters. During that period, local movie theaters were extremely popular throughout the country. Artists competed over who could bring in the most audience with their imaginative—and often violent—designs.
__3__With the rise of the Internet, Ghana's independent theaters began to disappear. “People are no longer interested in going out to watch a movie when it can be watched from the comfort of their phones，” Jasper said. “But there is a growing interest in owning these hand painted posters internationally，” he added. “Now they hang them in private rooms or show them in exhibitions.”
Joseph Oduro Frimpong is a pop culture expert and professor at Ghana's Ashesi University. __4__ He also owns several of Jasper's paintings. He plans to show his posters at the Center for African Popular Culture when it opens at the university later this year. He said he hopes people will realize the historical importance of the posters.
Joseph said, “Of course there is an aesthetic (审美的) value to the posters. __5__ But we use them to have a conversation with students. We tell them not to think about what they're seeing now... (but) to think of these art forms as symbols of history that can tell their own stories.”
A．Collecting them is crazy indeed.
B．Jasper's works sell well.
C．They are used to advertise films.
D．He has been doing the job for 30 years.
E．He has been collecting movie posters for years.
F．The posters are so valuable that they have a big market.
G．But over the years, the market for Jasper's works has greatly changed.
[答题区]
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________
三、语法填空
The Grand Canal of China was first dug in 486 B．C., and well developed through the late 6th to early 10th century. From the late 13th until 19th century, with the highest section built and the overall length 1._______ (shorten), the Canal was turned into a main passage between northern 2.________ southern China as well as the economic lifeline of the country. Consisting of the Sui Tang Grand Canal, the Beijing Hangzhou Grand Canal and the Zhedong Canal, the Canal 3.________ (stretch) over 2，700 kilometers, crossing eight provincial level administrative regions and 4.________ (link) five major water systems. The Grand Canal also connects with the Eurasian Silk Road to the west and extends the water trade route to the east.
The Grand Canal was 5.________ notable achievement of the ancient Chinese people. Its connection of the political and economic centers played a 6.________ (centre) role in the political unity, economic 7.________ (grow) and cultural prosperity of China, and contributed to the livelihood, exchanges and integration of the population along its route.
The Grand Canal 8.________ (announce) by the State Council as one of the seventh batch of Major Historical and Cultural Sites Protected at the National Level in March, 2013 and registered 9.________ the UNSECO World Heritage List in June, 2014. This large scale, living cultural heritage spreads like a huge dragon across the vast territory of China, 10.________ (it) ripples shining golden scales (鳞片) in the new age.
[答题区]
1．____________ 2.____________ 3.____________ 4.____________ 5.____________ 6．____________ 7.____________ 8.____________ 9.____________ 10.____________一轮组合训练(二十八)
一、阅读理解
A篇
The Season for Festive Eyes
The holiday season is upon us and the folks at Strip & Browhaus can't wait! With all the parties coming up, they finally have a chance to get dressed up and celebrate again, to make a big New Year make up statement: sparkles and vibrant colors to ring in the festivities! For SmartShanghai users, they are giving 50% OFF for first timers only, starting from 150RMB. Your choice of treatment may be redeemed any time before March 31, 2023.
Date: Jan 24, 2022 to Feb 28, 2023
Venue: Strip & Browhaus
Click “Full Listing” to see 4 locations
Meet Van Gogh—Immersive Light Art Exhibition
The 600m2 immersive art exhibition about one of the greatest geniuses in the history of human art is finally in China for the first time, with Shanghai being the first stop. Immerse yourself in the picture of color, music and light and shadow. Explore Van Gogh's passionate, romantic and poetic inner world.
Date: Apr 2, 2023 to Jul 9, 2023
Venue: Meet You Museum
210 Wenshui Lu, near Wanrong Lu
TAO Dance Theater—13 & 14
The TAO Dance Theater, awarded the 2023 Silver Lion Award for Dance at Venice Biennale, will present two new shows: 13 & 14—choreographic works which carry on the sequence of the Numerical Series which launched them on the international scene. A unique and evolutionary dance genre has enraptured (使欣喜若狂) people with its mesmeric and minimalist force. It will premiere at Shanghai Culture Square on July 4th.
Date: Jul 4, 2023 to Jul 5, 2023
Venue: Shanghai Culture Square
225 Shanxi Nan Lu, near Fuxing Zhong Lu
Jinmao Tower Sky Walk
You can walk around the outside of the Jinmao Tower 340m above the streets below. Located on the 88th floor of one of Lujiazui's most iconic buildings, the Jinmao Tower Sky Walk is a platform 1.2 meters wide, where you can be strapped in and walk along with the help of trained professionals. It's also the highest sky walk in the world. And not only does Jinmao Tower provide a panoramic view of Shanghai featuring both sides of the Huangpu River, floors 56－88 also hold the world's highest atrium at 152m. You must weigh between 30kg－100kg, and be at least 1.4m－2m tall to do the sky walk.
Date: Jul 1, 2021 to Dec 31, 2023
Venue: Jinmao Tower Observation Deck and Sky Walk
88/F, 88 Shiji Dadao, near Dongtai Lu
1．What can we know from Meet Van Gogh—Immersive Light Art Exhibition
A．The exhibition lasted five months.
B．The exhibition had been held in China before.
C．People could immerse themselves in a light art.
D．People might meet Van Gogh in the exhibition.
2．Which of the following events is available on Sept. 9, 2023
A．The Season for Festive Eyes.
B．Meet Van Gogh—Immersive Light Art Exhibition.
C．TAO Dance Theater—13 & 14.
D．Jinmao Tower Sky Walk.
3．What can we enjoy in Jinmao Tower Sky Walk
A．Beautiful dances.
B．Van Gogh's paintings.
C．Two new shows.
D．A broad view of Shanghai.
B篇
Satellites are already in use for so many purposes today—from weather forecasting to communications, GPS, and more. Since the late 1970s, satellites have also been used to monitor changes in the Arctic sea ice.
Data suggests that sea ice is thinning over time due to climate change. Over the last forty years, the extent of Arctic ice cover has been declining at a rate of 13% per decade. However, existing ways of measurement do not provide a clear and continuous picture of the state of sea ice.
This September, scientists developed a new method that combines computer modeling and satellite data to predict ice thickness all year round. Over the years, scientists have proposed several methods to measure ice thickness. These include flying planes over the Arctic Ocean or collecting field measurements.
Neither of these methods provides a full picture of Arctic melt, making year long data collection difficult. Continuous data across the entire region from satellites is a great way for scientists to understand how climate change is playing out in the Arctic.
These satellites use special radar or laser based altimeter instruments. Sea ice thickness is then calculated as the difference between the height of the ice and the top of the water (ice level—sea level). This method works well during the winter months—September to May.
Unfortunately, satellite based sea ice thickness measurements are inaccurate during the summer months: the time of the year with the greatest melting. This melting creates a pool of liquid water on the surface. As a result, the simple calculation (ice level—sea level) does not work as radar systems are unable to differentiate between ocean water and ice, thus rendering measurements inaccurate.
New research led by Jack Landy, a scientist, seeks to tackle this age old issue. The team used machine learning and deep learning methods to distinguish between seawater and ice.
The researchers built a model of the radar system's predicted data and cross referenced these values to those collected by a satellite. This model allows the researchers to obtain accurate, year round Arctic sea ice thickness data.
4．Why are satellite based sea ice thickness measurements not accurate
A．The ice melts in summer months.
B．The radar system doesn't work in winter.
C．The liquid water turns ice in cold days.
D．The ocean water comes onto the ice surface.
5．What does the age old issue refer to
A．The changeable climate change.
B．The incorrect ice measurements.
C．The constantly flowing ocean water.
D．The great amount of melting ice.
6．How do the researchers study Arctic sea ice changes in the new research
A．By using satellites to collect data.
B．By collecting field measurements.
C．By flying planes over the Arctic Ocean.
D．By using machine learning and deep learning methods.
7．What is the best title for the passage
A．A new device to measure ocean water
B．A new stage for the application of satellites
C．A new way to monitor Arctic sea ice changes
D．A new finding about the rising sea level
C篇
Poor sleep has influences on employees' health and well being, which can negatively affect an employer's bottom line. In fact, sleep deprivation increases the chances of workplace injuries by 70%. This is partially due to tired workers being less able to concentrate on workplace safety guidelines.
Employers can take easy, low cost steps to make sure that their workers have the capability to sleep well and reduce the chances of workplace injuries.
The approach focuses on improving supervisor (主管) support for employees' sleep. The majority of workplace training relies on employees to deal with their own sleep health. This is problematic, because many employees face challenges of improving their own sleep without outside support and education.
In February 2019, a study looking at the influence of a supervisor support training intervention (介入) on employees' sleep was published. Fifty six study groups, made up of 791 employees in a Fortune 500 information technology firm, participated in the study.
Half of the study groups attended in person group meetings to identify new ways to increase control over their own work schedules. The supervisors and managers in those same groups received additional in person family supportive supervisor training to improve their support for employees' family and non work lives, and to promote the work family balance.
Workers reported their time asleep, how rested they felt upon waking, and any inability they had to fall asleep. They also wore sleep tracking watches to measure their actual time spent sleeping each day. This study did not actually include a sleep training part. It focused solely on providing employees with more control over where and when they work. Besides, it taught their supervisors and managers to reduce demands, and better support employees' work family balance.
It was found that improving supervisors' support for employees' work life balance can benefit employees' sleep in sustainable ways. In the study, sleep quantity of both supervisors and employees increased up to 18 months after the training. This study highlighted that an organization can keep supporting workers' work, family, health and well being, which can result in employees' reduced stress and improved sleep and job performance.
8．What does the underlined word “deprivation” in the first paragraph mean
A．Shortage. B．Progress. C．Responsibility. D．Determination.
9．What is a good solution to employees' poor sleep according to the study
A．Sleep training courses.
B．Sleep tracking watches.
C．Supervisors' support for employees' sleep.
D．Personal efforts to deal with the problem.
10．Which of the following were the employees required to report in the study
A．When they wore sleep tracking watches.
B．When they went to work.
C．How they worked with supervisors.
D．How they felt when waking up.
11．What is the main idea of the text
A．Poor sleep is killing us to a certain extent.
B．It's important to keep work and life balance.
C．Employers can help employees get better sleep.
D．It's time to improve employees' job performance.
[答题区]
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
答案
二、阅读七选五
The skills needed to be a community health worker can be learned in a degree program or even on the job. But there are certain natural traits (特质) that lend themselves well to the field. They are things that can't easily be taught.
Relationship building. In order to be most effective, community health workers often need to be deeply rooted in the communities they are serving. __1__ If you're someone who values connections with others and stands out in nurturing those relationships over time, you might succeed in becoming a community health worker.
Empathy (共情). The most successful professionals in this field are those who have a real compassion for the individuals they are serving. For some, this empathy comes from growing up in similar circumstances. __2__
Reliability. Once a relationship has been established, community health workers are entrusted with sensitive information regarding their clients (客户). __3__ You need to be honest, approachable and offer to keep the secret in turn.
__4__ A lot of the measures community health workers support are things that take time and stamina (耐力). Whether it's advocating for community health needs or assisting individuals with social services applications, you'll need to remain steadfast in your actions in order to see things through. The work isn't always glamorous either, so a little courage and determination will go a long way.
Ability to find solutions. There's not always a clear cut solution to the issues community health workers help to overcome. Sometimes you'll have to become capable of putting together the resources to help an individual gain access to the care they need. __5__ Then you can do something to cope with the situation of healthcare, government and social services.
A．Good memories.
B．Lasting determination.
C．They feel comfortable with trusting you.
D．Others put themselves in the shoes of others in their nature.
E．This is where relationship building qualities come into play.
F．Others offer to give a hand to them either physically or mentally.
G．It's important to have a solid understanding of all the possible choices.
[答题区]
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________
三、语法填空
Driverless taxis are now available for hire in suburban Beijing, marking a new chapter in intelligent transport. This is the first time that a 1.________ (full) autonomous group of vehicles has got 2.________ (permit) to operate in a world class city.
Previously, robotaxis 3.________ (require) to have a human driver in case of an emergency. However, there are two companies that will be allowed 4.________ (operate) robotaxis with just the passengers inside.
The two companies, both among the leading players in China's autonomous driving industry, have each put 10 autonomous vehicles in 5.________60 square kilometer area in Yizhuang, located in the southern suburb of Beijing.
One company plans to expand 6.________ (it) autonomous ride hailing services to 65 cities in 2025 and 100 in 2030.
The market size for China's self driving taxi service is expected to reach 1.3 trillion yuan by 2030, 7.________ (account) for 60 percent of the country's ride hailing market at that time, according to 8.________ (science) forecasts from a global company, IHS Markit.
The robotaxi is also expected to pave the way 9.________ the development of private autonomous vehicles, 10.________ have the potential to be a revolutionary technology capable of transforming people's lives.
[答题区]
1．____________ 2.____________ 3.____________ 4.____________ 5.____________ 6．____________ 7.____________ 8.____________ 9.____________ 10.____________一轮组合训练(十九)
一、阅读理解
A篇
There are four fun festivals throughout the year in Brazil.
Festa Junina
Festa Junina is celebrated all over Brazil for the entire month of June as a yearly celebration of Saint John. It celebrates country life with typical clothes, food and dances inside a large tent, with decorations such as colored flags, beautiful table cloths and balloons.
Oktoberfest
The Germanic roots of the south of Brazil brought this traditional German festival to Brazil, where it has become one of the most popular beer festivals. Held in the middle of October every year in Blumenau, it celebrates typical German cuisine and plenty of beer. There're all kinds of German foods on the festival.
Festival de Cacha a
Every year in the town of Paraty, Festival de Cacha a is held for cacha a, the national alcohol made from sugar cane (甘蔗). This festival is held over a long weekend in August and it gives you a chance to try cacha a. There are also shows of samba (桑巴舞) and food trucks. It's also a great opportunity to get to know the beautiful town of Paraty.
Parintins Folklore Festival
The festival held every year in Parintins is the second largest in Brazil after the carnival. It goes over a period of three days at the end of June and celebrates the Amazonian legend of a resurrected ox (复活的牛). The main attraction of the festival is the competition between the two teams Garantido and Caprichoso that compete to retell the story of the ox through a mix of dancing and singing.
1．Which festival lasts the longest time
A．Festa Junina.
B．Oktoberfest.
C．Festival de Cacha a.
D．Parintins Folklore Festival.
2．What can you do if you attend Oktoberfest
A．Watch shows of samba.
B．Drink the national alcohol.
C．Taste German food.
D．Listen to the story of the ox.
3．What do the four festivals have in common
A．They are yearly activities.
B．They enjoy global popularity.
C．They focus on food and dancing.
D．They are celebrated all over Brazil.
B篇
[2023·北京卷，D]What is life Like most great questions, this one is easy to ask but difficult to answer. The reason is simple: we know of just one type of life and it's challenging to do science with a sample size of one. The field of artificial life—called ALife for short—is the systematic attempt to spell out life's fundamental principles. Many of these practitioners, so called ALifers, think that somehow making life is the surest way to really understand what life is.
So far no one has convincingly made artificial life. This track record makes ALife a ripe target for criticism, such as declarations of the field's doubtful scientific value. Alan Smith, a complexity scientist, is tired of such complaints. Asking about “the point” of ALife might be, well, missing the point entirely, he says.“The existence of a living system is not about the use of anything，” Alan says. “Some people ask me, ‘So what's the worth of artificial life？’ Do you ever think，‘What is the worth of your grandmother？’”
As much as many ALifers hate emphasising their research's applications, the attempts to create artificial life could have practical payoffs. Artificial intelligence may be considered ALife's cousin in that researchers in both fields are enamoured by a concept called open ended evolution (演化). This is the capacity for a system to create essentially endless complexity, to be a sort of “novelty generator”. The only system known to exhibit this is Earth's biosphere. If the field of ALife manages to reproduce life's endless “creativity” in some virtual model, those same principles could give rise to truly inventive machines.
Compared with the developments of AI, advances in ALife are harder to recognise. One reason is that ALife is a field in which the central concept—life itself—is undefined. The lack of agreement among ALifers doesn't help either. The result is a diverse line of projects that each advance along their unique paths. For better or worse, ALife mirrors the very subject it studies. Its muddled (混乱的) progression is a striking parallel (平行线) to the evolutionary struggles that have shaped Earth's biosphere.
Undefined and uncontrolled, ALife drives its followers to repurpose old ideas and generate novelty. It may be, of course, that these characteristics aren't in any way surprising or singular. They may apply universally to all acts of evolution. Ultimately ALife may be nothing special. But even this dismissal suggests something: perhaps, just like life itself throughout the universe, the rise of ALife will prove unavoidable.
4．Regarding Alan Smith's defence of ALife, the author is ________．
A．supportive B．puzzled C．unconcerned D．doubtful
5．What does the word “enamoured” underlined in Paragraph 3 most probably mean
A．Shocked. B．Protected. C．Attracted. D．Challenged.
6．What can we learn from this passage
A．ALife holds the key to human future.
B．ALife and AI share a common feature.
C．AI mirrors the developments of ALife.
D．AI speeds up the process of human evolution.
7．Which would be the best title for the passage
A．Life Is Undefined. Can AI Be a Way Out
B．Life Evolves. Can AI Help ALife Evolve, Too
C.Life Is Undefined. Can ALife Be Defined One Day
D．Life Evolves. Can Attempts to Create ALife Evolve, Too
C篇
The world may have a new supercontinent within 200 million to 300 million years as the Pacific Ocean shrinks and closes.
Researchers at Curtin University in Australia and Peking University in China used a supercomputer to model the evolution of Earth's tectonic plates (地壳构造板块) and the formation of a future supercontinent. Their findings were published in the journal National Science Review.
“Over the past two billion years, Earth's continents have collided (相撞) together to form a supercontinent every 600 million years, known as the supercontinent cycle. This means that current continents are due to come together again in a couple of hundred million years' time，” said lead author Dr. Chuan Huang, a research fellow in Curtin's Earth Dynamics Research Group and the School of Earth and Planetary Sciences.
The team's simulation showed that due to the fact that Earth has been cooling for billions of years since its formation, the thickness and strength of the tectonic plates beneath the oceans have reduced over time. As a result, the formation of a new supercontinent is more likely to happen by the closing up of the Pacific Ocean. Reduced by a few centimeters per year, the Pacific Ocean's current reach of 10，000 kilometers will close up in less than 300 million years.
“The resulting new supercontinent has already been named Amasia because some believe that the Pacific Ocean will close when America collides with Asia. Australia is also expected to play a role in this important Earth event, first colliding with Asia and then connecting America and Asia once the Pacific Ocean closes，” Huang said.
Changes in the distribution of continents and oceans will cause changes in climates, “particularly when ocean currents are stopped by continental collision, or new ocean currents are formed when continents break apart，” said study coauthor Zheng Xiang Li, distinguished professor in Curtin's School of Earth and Planetary Sciences. “Earth, as we know, will be completely different when Amasia forms. Sea level is expected to be lower, and the vast interior of the supercontinent will be very dry with high daily temperature ranges.”
Researchers expect more earthquakes as the continental plates collide. Surrounded by a new superocean, the newly formed supercontinent will also have decreased biodiversity.
Scientists are still trying to understand Earth's supercontinent cycle, which is driven by heat and gravity. The research team wants to establish how Earth's tectonic plates started and when the first continents formed, as well as what kicked off the supercontinent cycle. “We are only starting to look at the entire Earth system, from its core to its atmosphere, as a closely linked system that evolved together，” Li said.
8．What leads to the formation of the new supercontinent
A．The rising temperature of Earth.
B．The expansion of the Pacific Ocean.
C．The reduced strength of the tectonic plates.
D．The appearance of many new tectonic plates.
9．What is believed by some scientists about the new supercontinent
A．The involving parts.
B．Its climate pattern.
C．The way it breaks apart.
D．Its distance from Australia.
10．What will probably happen to the newly formed supercontinent
A．There will be a rise in sea level.
B．There will be lots of water in the interior.
C．The variety of its living things will be reduced.
D．Its temperature will stay the same all year round.
11．What does the last paragraph mainly want to show
A．The entire Earth system faces an uncertain future.
B．The origin of the supercontinent cycle is hard to trace.
C．Earth's supercontinent cycle will pose a big threat.
D．There is more to discover about the supercontinent cycle.
[答题区]
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
答案
二、完形填空
The pandemic has been a dark time for many people. However, one mom found a way to make it __1__ not just for her family, but for thousands of __2__—using art and social media.
Angie Carel has always loved __3__ with her family.“When I was a single mom, we did a lot of art because I could __4__ none of the expensive digital devices. And we did art on a __5__ basis.” Carel told CBS News.
When the pandemic hit and in person learning was __6__， Carel and her three daughters found themselves turning to __7__ again. “Everyone was just sad. Then it __8__ to me that I was going to make them draw，” said Carel.
“I sent them a __9__—‘Draw a smiling turtle. And show me your artwork this evening.’ And they did and we were laughing so hard at everyone's drawing，” Carel added.
The drawing worked to boost their moods __10__ and it also brought joy to others, because they __11__ their silly drawings on social media. Carel's friends wanted to __12__， and soon, she had a whole community online __13__ her drawing prompts (提示).
When more and more people were interested in her drawing prompts, she __14__ the “Simple Daily Drawing” group on social media. It has grown to more than 8，000 members. Carel started asking members why they were joining, __15__ they just liked art—but the answers surprised her. After surveying the group's members, she realized about 80% of the people were there to use the art for mental health.
1．A.quicker B．larger C．shorter D．brighter
2．A.friends B．relatives C．strangers D．colleagues
3．A.drawing B．reading C．writing D．singing
4．A.operate B．afford C．charge D．demand
5．A.flexible B．steady C．personal D．regular
6．A.canceled B．condemned C．advocated D．arranged
7．A.art B．music C．books D．stories
8．A.brought B．occurred C．reminded D．indicated
9．A.present B．picture C．message D．package
10．A.suddenly B．effectively C．formally D．constantly
11．A.published B．confirmed C．delivered D．shared
12．A.take over B．work out C．join in D．make up
13．A.following B．answering C．tracking D．checking
14．A.discovered B．proposed C．designed D．created
15．A.suggesting B．assuming C．realizing D．insisting
[答题区]
1～5 ________________ 6～10 ________________ 11～15 ________________一轮组合训练(三十七)
一、阅读理解
A篇
French Summer Camp
If your child learns French or you want to make him open minded, let him join our French Summer Camp in France! He will discover a wonderful place in the south of France, the French Riviera.
With French Summer Camp, he will also visit famous cultural places in France and taste French food. And of course, he will improve his French by spending his time with other French children who live in different parts of France. He can have French lessons every day and all activities and sports are in French!
Summer Camp in Hyères
Come to France and discover French cultures in a camp in the famous French Riviera!
Our Summer Camp in Hyères is proud to give your child great chances to learn French by enjoying sports and sharing cultures. The south of France offers us many possibilities with the proximity (临近) of the sea. Our camp uses it to practice sea sports like diving, kite surfing and sailing.
Summer Camp in Miami
A new camp in Miami starts to be built. During this summer, your child could have a summer camp in Miami organized by a French association. The base for this summer camp in the US is the same as in France. There are a lot of sports and French learning activities, with teachers sharing their languages and their cultures. It's a perfect way for your child to learn French and have fun with sports.
Summer Camp in Spain
This camp offers different summer programs to children from all over the world. They learn languages and participate in many activities and sports. This allows them to know Spanish cultures better and to have an unforgettable summer in Spain.
1．Which camp should a child join if he wants to try some French food
A．Summer Camp in Hyères.
B．Summer Camp in Miami.
C．Summer Camp in Spain.
D．French Summer Camp.
2．What can we learn about Hyères
A．It lies in the south of France.
B．It is famous for its summer programs.
C．It is far away from the French Riviera.
D．It is the most famous cultural place in France.
3．What can a child do at Summer Camp in Miami
A．Organize activities.
B．Learn some French.
C．Enjoy typical sea sports.
D．Visit famous cultural places.
B篇
My story starts with an ending—the ending of my seven wonderful years in San Francisco. I felt lucky when I discovered my current job at a cheerful, locally owned salon. I achieved my five year goals in under four years' time and went from a first year stylist to lead stylist and salon manager. I was also able to attend multiple education courses in New York and in San Francisco. But after that, I started thinking, “What else can I do？” Although I had almost everything I had worked so hard to attain, I still felt unfulfilled (不满足的) and not entirely happy; the shift caught me by surprise. I felt stuck in a comfort zone and wanted to shake things up. So, I decided to move to Los Angeles.
I left a full book of clients that every hairstylist dreams of having. I gave up my studio. My friends and family thought I was more than a little crazy. But I knew my move was more than just a geographic shift. As a hairstylist, I love all aspects of creativity. So I researched makeup schools and found one that fit my interests. Having this “reason” for moving calmed some of my opponents (反对者) down, but I still wrestled with plenty of “why would you do that？” conversations.
Now that I am here in Hollywood, I realize that the school was just my catalyst (催化剂) for moving. I've found a salon in West Hollywood that offers on location hair and makeup, an area I definitely want to explore. As an added bonus, I am traveling back to San Francisco to work with my former clients four days each month. I no longer feel stuck, and in fact, I'm looking forward to the adventure and excitement of being in a new city. It will be challenging, but I now know I am responsible for my own happiness. Here's to new beginnings, and everything is waiting just outside of your comfort zone. Go get it.
4．How did the author feel when she got her current job
A．Pleased. B．Confused. C．Worried. D．Surprised.
5．What did the moving to Los Angeles mean to the author
A．She lost her friendship with friends.
B．She gave up many beneficial resources.
C．She became less creative.
D．She had no opponents.
6．What can we learn about the author from the last paragraph
A．The author regrets her decision.
B．The author finds it hard to serve former clients.
C．The author fears the coming challenges.
D．The author feels excited and hopeful about the future.
7．What is the best title for the text
A．Enjoy Your Comfort Zone
B．Work Always Comes First
C．Accept All Challenges
D．Follow Your Dreams
C篇
We humans often navigate (导航) using road signs and GPS. But what about elephants Connie Allen, a behavioural ecologist at the University of Exeter in the U. K．， said “the elephants navigate over long distances using their unbelievable memories”， which makes others consider that an elephant will never forget. But it's also been suggested here and there that maybe olfaction is extremely important for these long distance movements.
Allen and her colleagues checked that idea by testing African elephants' ability to identify a very special smell: the smell of pee (尿). You see, an elephant pees a lot—some 12 to 15 gallons a day—and that pee can contain a series of chemical signals.
But first, they needed some pee. So they headed for a spot along Botswana's Boteti River and waited. They waited for elephants to pee and, within 20 minutes, went and collected these fresh pee samples. Then they set up cameras on seven paths which the elephants usually walked along. After observing the elephants' natural behaviour on the paths, they noticed that the majority of the elephants checked smells along the paths—especially elephants travelling alone, which is an indication, the researchers said, that smells may serve as signposts along the paths.
Next, they placed those pee samples along the paths. And they found that for at least two days, passing elephants trained their trunks on the samples, especially samples from mature adults, which is another indication that smells might be an effective navigational signal. Their findings appeared in the journal Animal Behaviour.
Based on these results, they hope conservationists might be able to use elephant pee as a decoy (诱饵). If we can trick elephants into thinking other elephants are going this way, maybe we can redirect them away from where they are coming into conflict with humans at the moment.
8．What does the underlined word “olfaction” in Paragraph 1 mean
A The roadside signpost.
B．The sense of smell.
C．The long term memory.
D．The sense of direction.
9．How did researchers get their conclusions
A．By doing field research.
B．By analyzing causes and effects.
C．By making comparisons.
D．By doing laboratory experiments.
10．What might be a potential benefit of the findings according to the text
A．Helping elephants to find other companions.
B．Inspiring new research directions in elephants.
C．Raising public awareness of elephant protection.
D．Making elephants and humans coexist peacefully.
11．Which can be the best title of the text
A．African elephants show personality based movements
B．Elephants are born with excellent ability to navigate
C．African elephants may use pee as a road sign
D．Elephants have a good memory for roads
[答题区]
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
答案
二、完形填空
Living near a volcano is an extraordinary experience, with many benefits and some drawbacks. On the one hand, you will always have an up close __1__ of this natural wonder. On the other hand, you may be in harm's way if there is a major eruption (喷发).
When there is a volcano, the sight of the flowing lava is one of the most __2__ views one cannot take their eyes away from. That __3__ living near a volcano will make that view a lasting possibility, and you can now __4__ up to mother nature showing her gracious gifts. While tourists pay thousands of dollars to have a __5__ at nature, you get to enjoy that for free.
Volcanoes __6__ a very positive impact on the local economy. Volcanic activities constantly __7__ minerals and precious stones like diamonds. Minerals are very useful for batteries, fungicides, fertilizers, fireworks, etc. And diamond, of course, is one of the precious stones that all __8__ for. Such a condition allows the promotion of mining jobs surrounding the area.
One of the major __9__ of living near a volcano is that you are faced with frequent earthquakes. When there is a volcano present, earthquakes are __10__. Therefore, living near a volcano will need mental preparation for that. Not only that, earthquakes can be very harmful to the __11__ of the house structure. That can __12__ destruction and damages to your life.
Another most common disadvantage of living near a volcano is that you might __13__ being homeless. Whenever there is a volcanic eruption, you have to leave your house and move out __14__ for safety. So, becoming homeless is going to be a very __15__ phenomenon when you live near a volcano.
1．A.pleasure B．protection C．view D．responsibility
2．A.entertaining B．fascinating C．necessary D．important
3．A.suggests B．requires C．needs D．means
4．A.wake B．call C．set D．turn
5．A.shout B．glance C．dash D．jump
6．A.discover B．seek C．add D．predict
7．A.produce B．uncover C．allow D．prepare
8．A.look B．fight C．wait D．long
9．A.benefits B．disadvantages C．suggestions D．attractions
10．A.rare B．destructive C．light D．unavoidable
11．A.foundation B．position C．decoration D．design
12．A.develop B．reduce C．cause D．combine
13．A.break up B．bring up C．end up D．stand up
14．A.carefully B．immediately C．adequately D．normally
15．A.common B．popular C．unusual D．dangerous
[答题区]
1～5 ________________ 6～10 ________________ 11～15 ________________
一轮组合训练(三十三)
一、阅读理解
A篇
Marathon is the supreme discipline of long distance running. It is attractive not only to top athletes, but also to hobby runners. The choice of events is almost endless. Now we have put together some most breathtakingly beautiful ones that you'll be tempted (诱惑) to run holding a camera.
Ultra Trail of Angkor, Cambodia
The newest of a series of Angkor marathons, this endurance test offers 32 km, 64 km and 128 km routes around the famous temples, including Bayon and Angkor Wat. Watch out for monkeys, and the gigantic tree vines that hug some of the great buildings.
Dodo Trail, Mauritius
Crossing rugged coastline and tropical forests, the Dodo Trail is full of wildlife, although the famous dodo bird remains sadly extinct. While the demanding Xtreme 50 km route covers 828m high Black River Peak, a beginner friendly Mini Dodo Trail (10 km) is easier.
Great Ocean Road Marathon, Australia
Another well known scenic coastal drive, southern Australia's Great Ocean Road stages a footrace every May. A neck ache could be a problem: In one direction lies the scenic sea, and in another a handsome forest and, if you're lucky, a koala or two. Be warned, however, that the series of steep slopes make this one of the toughest marathons.
Big Five Marathon, South Africa
The marathon meets a safari at the privately owned Entabeni Game Reserve every June. The start time is dependent on the race day location of the Big Five members—African elephants, Cape buffalo, lions, leopards and rhinos—as organizers try to guarantee sightings.
1．Which marathon is suitable for less experienced runners
A．Ultra Trail of Angkor.
B．Mini Dodo Trail.
C．Great Ocean Road Marathon.
D．Big Five Marathon.
2．Why does the writer mention “neck ache” when introducing Great Ocean Road Marathon
A．To highlight the wonderful scenery.
B．To present the difficulty of the event.
C．To attract attention to physical health.
D．To warn runners of dangerous animals.
3．What do the four marathons have in common
A．Risky and tiring routes.
B．Beautiful coastal views.
C．Chances to see wild animals.
D．Fixed time for annual events.
B篇
Hua Sheng and Lu Sheng, a retired Tibetan couple, have become trailblazers (开拓者) in grape growing and winemaking in their old age.
Lu Sheng learned grape planting and winemaking from her grandmother's sister. Since they retired, the couple have moved to Lhasa from the village of Yakhadi. Though the fact that the region's capital, which is 3，600 meters above sea level, is considered unfit for growing grapes, Lu Sheng and Hua Sheng began an ambitious project in 2015, planting grapes in Tsalna, a town in the suburb of Lhasa.
They received support from the local government, which is committed to developing business and economy. The couple's project provides jobs for rural residents, and, as a result, the government has considered the project part of its poverty relief program.
“Lhasa is an ideal place for planting French grape varieties that are resistant to cold, drought and disease, and adaptable to high altitude and open air planting，” Lu Sheng said.
“Thanks to the plateau's sunshine and organic planting, our grapes grow very well here in Lhasa. The grapes are a bit sour and sweet, and they have a high anthocyanin (花青素) content，” she said. Anthocyanins, which accumulate in grape cells and contribute rich colors to wine, are water soluble.
In 2018, Hua Sheng and Lu Sheng expanded their project, planting nearly 6.67 hectares of grapes. In order to familiarize Tibetan farmers with grape planting and winemaking, they taught the skills to local villagers.
“We have successfully taught the local farmers how to grow grapes and make wine over the three years. They now have a new source of income besides traditional farming and herding，” Hua Sheng said.
Yudron, a resident of Nam, said she was grateful to the grape planting project in her village, which has contributed to her income and quality of life. “After working in the vineyards for years, now we know how to make wine. We drink both barley and grape wine now. We love grape wine more, though, as it is healthier.”
4．What did the couple do after their retirement
A．They grew grapes and made wine in Lhasa.
B．They made friends with a French expert.
C．They moved to another city from Lhasa.
D．They learned grape planting from Hua Sheng's grandmother.
5．Why was the couple's project thought of as part of a poverty relief program
A．They donated grapes to local schools.
B．They employed local residents as workers.
C．They provided free wine for villagers.
D．They expanded the project with the local government.
6．Which of the following is a function of anthocyanins
A．They make grapes more delicious.
B．They provide adequate colors for wine.
C．They make grapes a bit sour and sweet.
D．They can accelerate the growth of grapes.
7．What's Yudron's attitude to the project conducted by the couple
A．Indifferent. B．Cautious. C．Appreciative. D．Ambiguous.
C篇
In the animal kingdom, mimics (模仿) are not rare. Stick insects pretend to be twigs. Hawk moth caterpillars resemble poisonous snakes. The examples, though, are visual. Auditory mimicry is rarer. Danilo Russo of the University of Naples Federico Ⅱ thinks he has found a novel case of it, as he describes in Current Biology. Some bats, he believes, mimic angry bees in order to scare away owls that might otherwise eat them.
Dr Russo first noticed bat buzzing a few years ago. The noise struck him as similar to the sound of some bees. He wondered whether bat buzzing was a form of mimicry which helped to scare off would be predators.
To test this idea, he and his colleagues first recorded the buzzing that captured bats made. Then, with protective clothing, they began the more dangerous task of recording the buzzing made by different puter analysis revealed that bees' and bats' buzzing were, indeed, similar.
Then the researchers recruited several owls. They put the owls, one at a time, in an enclosure with branches for them to stay on, and two boxes with holes in them. They placed a loudspeaker alongside one of the boxes and, after the birds had settled in, broadcast through it five seconds of uninterrupted bat buzzing and a similar amount of insect buzzing three times in a row for each noise. As a control, they broadcast in like manner several non buzzing sounds made by bats.
During the broadcasts and for five minutes thereafter, they videoed the owls. After analysis, the results were unequivocal. When they heard both the bat buzzing and the bee buzzing, the owls moved as far from the speakers as they could. In contrast, when the non buzzing bat sounds were played, they crept closer.
Dr Russo believes this is the first reported case of a mammal using auditory mimicry to scare away a predator. They strongly suspect, however, that it is not unique. Anecdotes suggest several birds also make buzzing noises when their nests are disturbed. And with the result of the experiment, he therefore predicts that auditory mimicry is far more widespread than currently realized.
8．What was Dr Russo's assumption of the study
A．Bats imitate the voice of angry bees to frighten away enemies.
B．The buzzing of bats is similar to the sound of some bees.
C．Auditory mimicry is rather common in the animal kingdom.
D．Only some bats have the capacity for auditory mimicry.
9．How did Dr Russo test his idea
A．By consulting experts in this field.
B．By referring to other scholars' analysis.
C．By collecting computer data.
D．By conducting a series of scientific experiments.
10．What does the underlined word “unequivocal” in Paragraph 5 possibly mean
A．Disappointing. B．Controversial. C．Definite. D．Uncertain.
11．What is a suitable title for the text
A．A New Trick to Scare Away Owls
B．Animal Mimicry: Buzz Off
C．A Self protection Behavior among Animals
D．Bats: No More Victim of Owls
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答案
二、完形填空
I started taking photographs in 2002 with my Canon Powershot A40. I would take my bike and ride around my hometown just taking photographs of almost anything __1__.
I joined the website Pexels in 2017. It __2__ many photos and videos for people to use. After a few years of only using the photos, I thought it was time to finally give something back to the Pexels __3__. I have sent tens of thousands of pictures to the platform.
With over 100 million __4__ of my photos, I do quite regularly __5__ messages and small donations. I'm always completely puzzled when someone __6__ to donate. It warms my heart. I always __7__ people who send messages or donations saying thank you. All my donations go to several creators I like, so the money is used to __8__ other creatives (搞创作的人).
People often ask me if I will __9__ my photography or use rewarding websites to get paid. In fact, I won't make money from this. I'm a big fan of community driven projects and I don't feel that my __10__ should be paid for. It's only a __11__ for me after all.
As for young photographers, or someone who is just starting photography as a hobby, my advice is to get yourself a(n) __12__ camera that has a good quality built in lens and a manual (手动的) mode. And learn the ropes of using every setting. __13__ yourself to make full use of that cheap camera. Don't go out spending hundreds of euros on DSLR cameras (单反相机) and lenses __14__ this will make you a photographer. It won't. I've seen __15__ photos made with point and click cameras or smartphones.
1．A.strangely B．generally C．immediately D．actually
2．A.provides B．steals C．performs D．publishes
3．A.club B．company C．community D．store
4．A.comments B．views C．deals D．orders
5．A.write B．review C．imagine D．receive
6．A.disappoints B．chooses C．excites D．delights
7．A.reply to B．depend on C．come across D．worry about
8．A.discover B．develop C．support D．gather
9．A.exhibit B．donate C．sell D．print
10．A.cameras B．money C．videos D．photographs
11．A.hobby B．kindness C．business D．profession
12．A.expensive B．cheap C．modern D．simple
13．A.Challenge B．Persuade C．Follow D．Allow
14．A.wondering B．agreeing C．believing D．debating
15．A.poor B．clear C．interesting D．beautiful
[答题区]
1～5 ________________ 6～10 ________________ 11～15 ________________一轮组合训练(四十)
一、阅读理解
A篇
The idea of billions of people going through a few masks a week during this pandemic definitely rings alarm bells, but a team of researchers in Melbourne may have the solution.
They've discovered that adding millions of discarded face masks to road paving (铺路) mixtures would actually lower the cost of the road, while preventing billions of them from landfills. Just one kilometer of road would need three million masks, and the polypropylene (聚丙烯) plastic used to make single use surgical face masks also increased the flexibility and durability of the road.
The new material is a mixture of about 2% torn masks and recycled concrete aggregate (RCA)—a material obtained from waste concrete and other minerals from destroyed buildings. This recycled material was found in the study to be ideal for two of the four layers generally required to create roadways. Paving a kilometer of two way road with the RCA and three million face masks would result in a change of 93 tons of waste from landfills.
The final product then is more resistant to wear than asphalt (沥青), as well as being cheaper too, provided there was a method for collecting masks. The research team did a cost analysis and found that, at $26 per ton, the RCA was about half the cost of mining raw materials, and as much as a third of the cost of shipping the used masks to a landfill.
The widespread application would be ideal for large infrastructure (基础设施) projects. For example, Washington has the 11th worst roads in terms of unaddressed repairs in the US. If the damaged roads in Washington state were repaired with the RCA/mask mixture, it would reuse nearly 10 billion masks, sparing American landfills hundreds of millions of tons of trash.
It's said that the team is looking for private industry partners or governments willing to give their plastic mask road an opportunity for a large scale test.
1．What does the underlined word “discarded” mean in Paragraph 2
A．Recycled. B．Produced. C．Abandoned. D．Mixed.
2．What is the new material used to pave roads made of
A．Asphalt and tons of trash.
B．Polypropylene plastic and building materials.
C．Waste concrete and minerals from destroyed buildings.
D．Torn masks and recycled concrete aggregate.
3．Why are the data mentioned in Paragraph 4
A．To prove this new material is cost effective in paving roads.
B．To stress the necessity of getting raw materials.
C．To explain repairing roads costs a lot of money.
D．To praise the hard work the team has done.
4．What can we learn from the last two paragraphs
A．Washington state is the least developed region in the US.
B．More American landfills will shut down in the future.
C．The damaged roads in Washington have been repaired with the RCA.
D．It remains to be tested whether the new material is practical.
B篇
Pinocchio may be just a children's story, but Spanish scientists at the University of Granada recently investigated the so called “Pinocchio effect” and found that our noses don't grow longer when we tell a lie, but actually get a little bit smaller.
Dr Gómez Milán and his team developed a lie detector test that used thermography (热成像法) to tell if people were lying, and found that whenever participants in their research were being untruthful, the temperature of the tip of their nose dropped up to 1.2 ℃， while the temperature of their forehead increased up to 1.5 ℃. They also found that drop in temperature at nose level actually caused it to become slightly smaller, although the difference could not be seen by the human eye. “One has to think in order to lie, which raises the temperature of the forehead，” Dr Gómez Milán explained the findings. “At the same time we feel anxious, which lowers the temperature of the nose.”
For this study, researchers asked 60 students to perform various tasks while being scanned by thermal cameras. One of these tasks involved making a 3 to 4 minute call to their parents, partners or friends and telling an important lie. Participants had to make up the lie themselves during the call, and the thermal cameras picked up this “opposite Pinocchio effect” caused by the changes in temperature in the nose and forehead.
Interestingly, the thermal lie detector picked up the temperature difference in 80 percent of the participants, which is a better rate of success than that of any modern lie detector used by the police. “With this method we have increased accuracy and reduce the chances of ‘false positives (错误判断)’， something that is frequent with other methods，” said Dr Gómez Milán, who added that police could one day combine other lie detection technology with their technology to achieve better results.
5．Why did the temperature of the participants' foreheads go up during the test
A．They were scared.
B．They felt ashamed.
D．They got embarrassed.
D．They had to think hard.
6．What phenomenon does the “opposite Pinocchio effect” refer to
A．Our forehead gets bigger when we tell a lie.
B．Our nose becomes smaller when we tell a lie.
C．The temperature in the nose gets higher when we tell a lie.
D．The temperature in the nose remains the same when we tell a lie.
7．What can we learn about the research
A．Researchers got the findings by interviewing.
B．The thermal lie detector has been widely used.
C．The thermal lie detector may assist the police.
D．Researchers designed different lies for participants.
8．Which might be the best title for the text
A．Will Lie Detectors Tell the Truth
B．Will Lying Make Your Nose Longer
C．Will Thermal Technology Be Reliable
D．Will Lying Make Your Temperature Rise
C篇
Overlooking the Davis Gant Varsity Soccer Field, a bed of overturned soil waits for further development. In a few years, this area will become a natural habitat and a playground for animals and residents. This peaceful area didn't appear naturally, but through planning and action taken by Catlin Gabel's Tiny Forest project launched by teacher Patrick Walsh.
Forests typically take hundreds of years to mature, with four stages of growth. “Tiny forests flatten out time through the planting of all four layers (层)，” Walsh explained. The end result is a fast growing, native forest in about 20 years. Over 600 plants from 43 species will be planted in the tiny forest, the first one in Oregon.
Walsh was inspired to build a tiny forest after hearing about this idea, which emerged in Japan and has taken hold in North America. He shared his vision with seniors in his class. The seniors researched tiny forests and made a proposal resulting in Clean Water Services donating 60 trees and $5，000 from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Armed with these resources, Walsh and the students started working. “Something I didn't really expect was the outpouring of students' enthusiasm. Seeing students from all grades volunteered to contribute to the ‘dirty work’ really blew me away，” Walsh said.
Senior Megan Cover has been at the school since the first grade. “I'll graduate after working on this project, which is surely sad, but it's really rewarding and great to be a part of this project and to do my bit. We're creating this educational space for many young kids，” Cover said.
Walsh summed up his goal of the project, which is to build a place where students can enjoy and learn about nature. “The forest will obviously not solve climate change, but it would deserve the efforts if the kids think about climate change and remember the importance of reforestation and trees when they look outside at the forest.”
9．What is special about tiny forests
A．They originated in North America.
B．They are usually planted in schools.
C．They contain various types of trees.
D．They become mature in a shorter time.
10．What surprised Walsh in the process of planting the tiny forest
A．The abundance of native tree species.
B. Public concern about the environment.
C．The active participation of students.
D．Support from local organizations.
11．How does Megan Cover feel about the project
A．Proud. B．Hopeful. C．Excited. D．Grateful.
12．What does Walsh want the forest to function as for the students
A．A source of enjoyment.
B．A reminder.
C．A source of inspiration.
D．A witness.
[答题区]
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
答案
二、阅读七选五
Three factors influence whether people will take your advice. First, advice which is obtained from professionals is given more weight. Second, people are also more likely to accept advice when the person giving the advice is more experienced and knowledgeable than the person doing the asking. __1__ People who are feeling more confident in their decisions tend to rely on advice less often.
How do you increase your possibilities of someone taking your advice
__2__ While you are intended to be helpful, unsolicited (未经要求的) advice is less likely to be used. This problem can be solved by asking, “Would you like my opinion on this？” If the person says no, it could be that the person feels that they have collected all the data they need in order to make a decision.
If you have specific training in an area, whether that is a degree, certification, or day long seminar, state that to the person. __3__
There are the words we say, and then the message behind those words. __4__ By giving advice to this person, are you trying to improve their quality of life Are you helping them get a promotion Make sure that your goal meets the person's needs.
If you've had a rough day and you feel that you just aren't in the right mindset to give adequate advice, let the person know. __5__ Usually the person will appreciate it and that increases your credibility.
A．And they don't necessarily match.
B．During your conversation, ask them if they have any further questions.
C．The person needs information on choosing a company that you know well.
D．Third, whether someone takes your advice depends on how they are feeling.
E．While you may feel ashamed to talk, you are stating why your advice has good points.
F．If someone is not taking your advice, ask yourself if they ask for your advice in the first place.
G．Tell them you want to make sure you are on point and can give them the best advice possible.
[答题区]
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________
三、语法填空
In 1957, Alfred Fielding and Marc Chavannes created something that would change the shipping industry for good and make e commerce stores like Amazon possible: Bubble Wrap. It has been used by companies for packing ever since.
1．________ (actual), the trapped little air bubbles 2.________ (invent) by chance. At first, they were trying to create 3.________ type of wallpaper. They were naturally let down with the results, 4.________ they didn't give up. They thought of more than 400 5.________ (difference) uses for their soft, air filled material, such as for use in greenhouse walls. But none brought them much success.
Then, in 1960, IBM saw how useful Bubble Wrap could be in 6.________ (protect) its new, very expensive 7.________ (computer) during shipping. A deal was made. By the mid 1960s, Fielding and Chavannes's packing material 8.________ (become) important in shipping. Today it protects millions of packages a year 9.________ damage. This packing material is still important in 10.________ (us) daily lives, and there are no signs that will change anytime soon.
[答题区]
1．____________ 2.____________ 3.____________ 4.____________ 5.____________ 6．____________ 7.____________ 8.____________ 9.____________ 10.____________
一轮组合训练(三十二)
一、阅读理解
A篇
Research shows that sharing our sadness actually helps us feel better. That was the goal of Natalie Eve Garrett when she thought of collecting the stories about loneliness.
In the book, The Lonely Stories: 22 Celebrated Writers on the Joys & Struggles of Being Alone, Garrett wanted to share personal stories of loneliness. Garrett said she hopes the stories give people suffering from loneliness comfort and perhaps even joy. “I think we all have felt lonely. I think when we read about different experiences it can be a way of using loneliness and aloneness to connect with each other. And that was really my hope with the book，” she said.
The writers and stories in this collection are all very different. Some are tragic, such as the death of a loved one, while others are lighter, such as feeling alone at a Star Trek event.
A few writers deal with the pandemic directly. In the story “On Witness and Respair”， Jesmyn Ward writes about her husband dying at the beginning of the pandemic. Her whole family caught what they thought was just the severe flu. Her husband did not survive. In “Exodus (大批人同时离开), 2020”， Emily Raboteau describes the emptying of a large apartment building where she lives in New York City. One by one, neighbors and friends left the city for safer places to live during the pandemic.
Several writers describe the loneliness of leaving their culture. Some people struggled to fit into a different culture such as moving to a new country. They lost everything: money, jobs, and more. One writer writes: “But the heavier price was losing our language, our friends, our culture, and in some ways, one another.”
Some of the writers write about choosing to be alone for personal or creative reasons and the challenges they faced. Claire Dederer writes about facing her alcohol addiction during a period of solitude (独居). Anthony Doerr, a man addicted to the Internet, writes about his struggle to turn off social media and reconnect with nature and himself.
1．What was Garrett's purpose of collecting the stories about loneliness
A．To help those suffering from loneliness feel better.
B．To research into what causes one's loneliness.
C．To help people better fit into a new culture.
D．To give tips on how to break away from addiction.
2．What can we infer from Jesmyn Ward's story
A．Most people in the US caught the severe flu.
B．People left home to keep away from the pandemic.
C．The impact of the pandemic was underestimated.
D．Many people lost their lives during the pandemic.
3．What can be the best title of the passage
A．A Book That Tells about Celebrities
B．Advice on How to Ease Loneliness
C．Stories of Celebrities During the Pandemic
D．A Book That Can Help Beat Loneliness
B篇
Human innovation has allowed people to explore space for decades. Within a space station, astronauts have enough air, food and water to complete missions of a year or longer without resupply. But missions to further reaches of space are a different matter. Establishing a base on the moon or sending humans to Mars seems just on the horizon. That can only happen if innovative and foolproof ways are developed to supply humans with enough air, water and food.
One company, Interstellar Labs, has developed an advanced, closed loop system that can grow plants anywhere, even in space. They call their AI managed greenhouses BioPods and they are designed to be very efficient. In fact, Interstellar Labs claims that BioPods reduce the amount of land and water needed to produce food by 99 percent. That is not an impossible claim. BioPods don't use any soil to grow plants, and the vast majority of water is recycled and recirculated.
Plants are grown inside BioPods using aeroponics (空气种植法), the practice of hanging plants in the air and spraying a mist of nutrient rich water on their roots. By using aeroponics, the BioPod system carefully conserves water with amazing results. According to Interstellar Labs, BioPod grown plants are up to 300 times more productive than traditionally grown plants, using only a small amount of water.
The conditions inside of a BioPod are controlled by AI, which can change anything from the lighting to the temperature and humidity to maximize growth. This optimizes (使最优化) growing conditions no matter what the environment is outside, including the emptiness of space.
The BioPods themselves can be built in almost any environment, too. The pod's structure is made with a 3D printer using raw materials in liquid form. The inside part is sealed with an inflatable membrane (充气膜) that is also 3D printed. This means that a BioPod could be built right on the surface of the moon or Mars, making transporting a large structure unnecessary.
Like most technology developed for space exploration, BioPods can also be used on Earth to provide highly efficient food production systems even in the harshest environments.
4．What does the author intend to tell us in Paragraph 1
A．Astronauts do not need the supply of food and water.
B．Humans have established a base on moon.
C．Further reaches of space need innovative and foolproof ways.
D．The present technologies can send humans to Mars.
5．Which of the following best describes BioPods
A．They are widely used for space exploration.
B．They are highly productive and efficient greenhouses.
C．They are easy to operate without need for soil or water.
D．They are designed to be used in terrible environments on Earth.
6．What is the author's attitude to BioPods
A．Positive. B．Cautious. C．Ambiguous. D．Disapproving.
7．What is the best title for the text
A．Food Consumption in Space Station
B．Innovation of Space Exploration
C．Growing Food with BioPods
D．3D Printers Used in Space Lab
C篇
People trained to detect lies often rely on multiple signs, such as eye contact, length of responses and the detail in what people say, but studies have shown that assessing a wide range of behavioural information can make it harder to decide if someone is lying. Bruno Verschuere at the University of Amsterdam and his colleagues wondered whether solely focusing on the detail of statements could provide more consistent results.
To test this idea, researchers asked 44 students to go for a walk or steal from a mock (模拟的) crime. Students were instructed to lie if they committed the fake theft.
Next, the researchers recruited 171 people to watch six truthful and six deceptive (欺骗的) interviews from these recordings, ranking interviewees' eye contact and detail level. The results revealed that both truth tellers and liars averted (转移) their gaze in a similar amount, but truthful statements were substantially more detailed than deceptive ones, suggesting the latter is a more useful way to tell that someone is lying.
The researchers then asked 405 people to judge the true nature of six truthful and six deceptive statements randomly chosen from the interviews. Around half of the participants used multiple cues to identify liars. The remaining participants solely ranked the level of detail in answers on a scale of 1 to 10, with 1 to 6 or above counted truthful. Those using multiple cues distinguished lies from the truth 59% of the time, while those relying solely on detail achieved 66%.
“Our take is that using just one cue can provide a simpler way to judge lies from the truth，” says Verschuere. Nevertheless, in the real world, you would probably need to confirm the accuracy of statements through extra further investigations or follow up questions, he says.
8．Bruno Verschuere and his colleagues conducted the research to confirm that ________．
A．behavioral information played a vital role in finding out the truth
B．people should be trained to detect lies by referring to multiple cues
C．truth tellers and liars shared something in common when performing the task
D．it's relatively easier to identify liars by relying only on the detail of statements
9．What can we learn from Paragraphs 3 and 4
A．Liars turned away their eyes more often than truth tellers.
B．Truthful statements included considerably more details than deceptive ones.
C．It's difficult for participants to detect liars by using multiple cues like eye contact.
D．Participants who relied on one cue can distinguish lies from the truth faultlessly.
10．What did Verschuere think of the real life application of his research
A．It had some limitations.
B．It made no sense.
C．It could be perfectly applied.
D．It had no potential market.
11．What's the purpose of the passage
A．To introduce readers to the classification of lies.
B．To encourage readers to apply the results in real life.
C．To warn readers of psychological harm of telling a lie.
D．To inform readers of scientific findings on detecting liars.
[答题区]
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
答案
二、阅读七选五
How to Identify and Avoid Fake News
Fake news is all around us and it's easy to feel overwhelmed by the amount of information out there. A study found that over 80 percent of people in the UK regularly come across fake news online, __1__. Luckily there are some things you can do to avoid being caught out by misinformation.
The first step to responding to any potential fake news is easy: Google it. This is particularly the case if the news in question reaches you via social media. When Googling a claim, look for supporting evidence from credible news websites. Both when checking a particular claim and when accessing news generally, __2__. Even official news platforms can have certain biases that may affect reporting.
Read the fine print (细则). If you see a wild claim in a headline, make sure you read the article before you start sharing it. __3__. Often, the facts are buried deeper within the article, so without reading the whole thing you may miss the whole picture.
__4__. Are you seeing a post that has been circulating (传播) for a few months The information may no longer be accurate, even if it was at the time it was written. Check when it was originally published, and if it's from a while ago, look for more recent news on the topic.
Take action. If you have found some fake news, don't share it. Tools for marking misinformation in social media platforms are useful. If it is a post or message from someone you know, you can reach out to them and let them know it's not entirely accurate. __5__.
A．Ensure that the news is up to date
B．You might find that the story is not what it appears
C．it's a good idea to read a diverse range of news sources
D．Studies suggest that fake news spreads faster than real news
E．while 52 percent admit they have been cheated at least once
F．30 percent of Internet users don't even consider the truthfulness of online information
G．It's better to do this by politely messaging them privately rather than leaving a public comment
[答题区]
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________
三、语法填空
With bright lights on the floor and walls, loud electronic music, and a red shuttlecock 1.________ (fly) around, this Malaysian badminton court seems like the set of a science fiction movie.
“Shuttle In The Dark” is a place to play badminton in the famous Petronas Twin Towers in Kuala Lumpur. It was set up in late 2021 by a company that wanted people to take up the sport 2.________ two years of restrictions (限制) related to the COVID 19 pandemic.
Badminton is one of the most popular sports in Malaysia and Asia. The Southeast Asian country 3.________ (produce) some of the world's top ranked players. Irina Inozemtseva is Director of Inic Sport Management. She said the goal was to “gain back the interest of people to come back and play”. She added that the group wanted to draw in not only expert players but also “new people 4.________ were not able to or never played badminton before”．
The futuristic (未来的) court presents a new 5.________ (difficult) for players. They have to adjust their eyes to the darkness to play, said Lee Yan Sheng, a professional badminton coach. Professional player Ho Yen Mei used 6.________ term focus—meaning to 7.________ (careful) direct attention—to describe the 8.________ (require) of playing on the court. “With the lighting, somehow we are still able to hit it and then it requires 9.________ (good) focus. And it's exciting, it's different 10.________ it's still like playing normal badminton，” she said.
[答题区]
1．____________ 2.____________ 3.____________ 4.____________ 5.____________ 6．____________ 7.____________ 8.____________ 9.____________ 10.____________一轮组合训练(十六)
一、阅读理解
A篇
Shy Parents，Shy Children—Parent Workshop Series
The workshop is designed for shy parents of shy children, with the unique emphasis on teaching specific methods of building your child's self respect and social comfort level, while at the same time building your own. Participants are chosen before being admitted to the workshop to help make sure the workshop is a good fit for your needs.
Where: Karman Executive Center, Bellevue, Washington
When: From 6：30 pm to 8：30 pm, from November 8th to 12th
Fee: $435
Shake Your Shyness: Intensive Weekend
The workshop is intended to meet the needs of adults who are unable to attend the Parent Workshop Series due to distance or scheduling limits. It'll help you learn the basic skills that help overcome shyness. Be prepared to come to class early and set aside time for homework on Saturday night.
Where: Karman Executive Center, Bellevue, Washington
When: Saturdays & Sundays in spring
Fee: $1，150
Parenting the Shy Child
Shy children need our help. In this class, we'll cover the basics—the origins of shyness, methods of overcoming shyness, social skills you can teach in your home, and tips for working with teachers to help your child fit in at school, etc.
Where: Karman Executive Center, Bellevue, Washington
When: From 5：30 pm to 7：30 pm, from November 16th to 18th
Fee: $95
Overcoming Shyness: Skills Training for Adolescents: Workshop
This is a special class for adolescents designed to teach social skills shy people are afraid to use. We'll cover everything from how to start conversations with strangers to ways to calm your nerves when you do. You'll learn what makes some people more popular than others and simple things you can do to feel more like you fit it.
Where: Karman Executive Center, Bellevue, Washington
When: From 3：30 pm to 5：30 pm, on December 18th
Fee: $75
1．What are the classes designed for
A．Overcoming shyness.
B．Building confidence.
C．Scheduling time.
D．Starting conversations.
2．What can be known about Shake Your Shyness: Intensive Weekend
A．It focuses on language skills.
B．It is offered only at weekends.
C．It assigns a lot of housework.
D．It is designed for shy children.
3．How much would a teenager pay to learn to overcome shyness
A．$1，150. B．$435. C．$95. D．$75.
B篇
As college students, we spend most of our time in the books. But it's also important to make time for a social life and here are some reasons to back that up!
It provides a balance. Your future career will be your livelihood, so doing well in school will always be a priority. But it is also important to take a break from doing work and have a night filled with fun and good memories. Having a social life does not mean that you have to neglect your studies. It is a matter of knowing how to balance both.
It forms good relationships. Meeting new people is part of life. Every person that you meet serves a purpose in your life. Whether you know what that purpose is or not, it really does not matter. You meet them for a reason. Since being in college, I have formed lifelong friendships and professional relationships with my professors. By forming great bonds with people, it is preparing for the work force of the “real world” where I am going to begin my career.
It connects you to humanity (social awareness). Being socially aware will set you apart from everyone else. When I was filling out college applications a few years ago, the university requirements were not based on academic standards alone. Colleges wanted to know if overall, you were a well rounded individual. When choosing between a student with all A's and no other activity vs. a student with A's and B's who is socially aware, they will choose the student with A's and B's who is socially aware because that student went the extra mile, and seems to connect with people.
It broadens your horizons. Having a social life increases your knowledge and helps you become more worldly. Traveling, dining and exploring other cultures with family or friends helps you think and learn more about yourself and others. By seeing other cultures or religions, it broadens your horizons.
4．What is the author's advice on having a social life and studies
A．Students should focus on studies only.
B．Students should spend more time on social lives.
C．Students should keep a balance between the two.
D．Students need to take a break from learning.
5．Why does the author mention his/her lifelong friendships with the professors
A．To prove himself/herself to be a well－rounded student.
B．To show that his/her professors helped him/her a lot.
C．To remember his/her happy life in college.
D．To stress the benefits of these friendships.
6．What can we infer from the passage
A．Well rounded students are more likely to be chosen.
B．University requirements are based on academic standards only.
C．A student with all A's doesn't know how to make friends.
D．A student with A's and B's spends more time on social lives.
7．What can be the best title of the passage
A．Studies Are a Priority in College
B．Social Lives Are Important in College
C．Students Have Life long Friendships with Professors
D．Colleges Prefer Well rounded Students
C篇
The elderly residents (居民) in care homes in London are being given hens to look after to stop them feeling lonely.
The project was dreamed up by a local charity (慈善组织) to reduce loneliness and improve elderly people's wellbeing. It is also being used to help patients suffering dementia, a serious illness of the mind. Staff in care homes have reported a reduction in the use of medicine where hens are in use.
Among those taking part in the project is 80 year old Ruth Xavier. She said：“I used to keep hens when I was younger and had to prepare their breakfast each morning before I went to school.”
“I like the project a lot. I am down there in my wheelchair in the morning letting the hens out and down there again at night to see they've gone to bed.”
“It's good to have a different focus. People have been bringing their children in to see the hens and residents come and sit outside to watch them. I'm enjoying the creative activities, and it feels great to have done something useful.”
There are now 700 elderly people looking after hens in 20 care homes in the North East, and the charity has been given financial support to roll it out countrywide.
Wendy Wilson, extra care manager at 60 Penfold Street, one of the first to embark__on the project, said：“Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions. We are looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here.”
Lynn Lewis, director of Notting Hill Pathways，said：“We are happy to be taking part in the project. It will really help connect our residents through a shared interest and creative activities.”
8．What is the purpose of the project
A．To ensure harmony in care homes.
B．To provide part time jobs for the aged.
C．To raise money for medical research.
D．To promote the elderly people's welfare.
9．How has the project affected Ruth Xavier
A．She has learned new life skills.
B．She has gained a sense of achievement.
C．She has recovered her memory.
D．She has developed a strong personality.
10．What do the underlined words “embark on” mean in Paragraph 7
A．Improve. B．Oppose. C．Begin. D．Evaluate.
11．What can we learn about the project from the last two paragraphs
A．It is well received.
B．It needs to be more creative.
C．It is highly profitable.
D．It takes ages to see the results.
[答题区]
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
答案
二、阅读七选五
The third week in June is around the corner. __1__ Even though he died almost 30 years ago, I still miss him. I miss his strong hugs, his gentle voice, his humor, and his wisdom. Here are a few lessons I learned from my father.
Care and concern for others.
My father took care of his family and extended family. __2__ He managed the bank accounts of his brothers and built houses for them to rent for additional income. The children of friends of my parents spent many days at our house when their mother was battling cancer. When I cleaned out my parents' house, I found receipts of cars he bought for family members.
Don't toot your own horn (自吹自擂).
I never heard my father boast. In fact, much that he did for others, I didn't know about until later. A relative offered to stay with him through the night at the hospital. __3__ My father had helped the neighbors in many ways, but he never talked about it. In a time when many people want credit or media attention for their charity, we could all take a lesson from those who quietly help others with no desire for recognition or praise.
__4__
Daddy was a man of few words, but when he spoke, people listened. His form of communication was short but clear. __5__ By observation, I learned that waiting to speak until you have more details, and not responding in anger, save you from the experience you later regret. Although I haven't always been successful in taming my tongue, I had a teacher who modeled the benefits of listening before speaking.
A．Listen more, and talk less.
B．Think twice before you act.
C．I can't help but think of my daddy.
D．He often changed his point on an issue.
E．He said it was my father who gave them the house.
F．He showed love and concern for others in many ways.
G．You were never left wondering where he stood on an issue.
[答题区]
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________
三、语法填空
World famous music and movie star Olivia Newton John died at her home in southern California on August 8, 2022. The highly awarded Newton John sold more than 100 million record albums 1.________ her career. From 1973 to 1983, she was among the world's most popular entertainers. She had 14 top 10 singles in the United States alone and won four Grammies.
Newton John was perhaps most remembered for her performance in 1978's 2.________ (wild) popular musical movie Grease. She and John Travolta starred as high school students Sandy and Danny. One song the two shared in the film, You're the One that I Want, 3.________ (sell) more than 15 million copies.
Physical, Newton John's 4.________ (big) single, came out in 1981. The song was hugely popular, 5.________ (hold) the number one position on Billboard's hit list for 10 weeks straight. Later, the music industry magazine named Physical the song of the year. A video 6.________ (link) to the song won a Grammy, as well. In later years of her career, she became involved in several causes, in 7.________ she served as a goodwill ambassador for the United Nations Environment Program.
Newton John was born in Britain to Irene Born and Brinley Newton John. Her mother's father was Nobel Prize winning physicist Max Born. The Newton Johns moved to Australia when Olivia was 5, 8.________ she returned to England in her 9.________ (teen) and lived with her mother after her parents separated. She had early dreams of becoming 10.________ animal doctor. After winning singing competitions in high school, she decided on a career in music, instead.
[答题区]
1．____________ 2.____________ 3.____________ 4.____________ 5.____________ 6．____________ 7.____________ 8.____________ 9.____________ 10.____________一轮组合训练(七)
一、阅读理解
A篇
Specialty Museums in Europe
National Railway Museum, York
Home to locomotives (火车头) and a collection of engineering brilliance, we celebrate the past, present and future of innovation on the railways. Immerse yourself in stories from centuries of railway history and explore a million railway related objects to know the importance of it during times of war.
Opening hours: Wednesday—Sunday 10：00 a．m.— 5：00 p．m.
FREE ENTRY
Maritime Museum, Jersey
You can't fail to enjoy the Island's shipbuilding past with songs and stories of the sea. Full of interacting items experience life aboard ship in a cabin. Lots to open, press, turn and even design a ship by yourself. Then follow the story of Jersey's seafood, beach and seaside entertainment.
Opening hours: Daily 10：00 a．m.— 5：00 p．m.
Admission: $40 per adult; $25 per child (6—18 years).
Anne Frank House, Amsterdam
The Anne Frank House is a museum dedicated to Jewish wartime diarist Anne Frank. As a visitor, you can experience this story through an audio tour, quotes, photos, videos, and original items.
Opening hours: Daily 9：00 a．m.— 10：00 p．m.
Admission: $30 per adult/youth; $25 per child (4—12 years).
Vasa Museum, Stockholm
The Vasa ship capsized and sank on its first voyage in 1628. After 333 years on the seabed the mighty warship was recovered and put into the museum. The story of the king's beautiful, yet terrifying ship fascinates people of all ages.
Opening hours: Daily 10：00 a．m.— 5：00 p．m.
Admission: $38 per adult. Free entry for children.
1．How much should a couple with their two kids, aged 3 and 11, pay for admission to Anne Frank House
A．$55. B．$85. C．$90. D．$115.
2．What do National Railway Museum and Vasa Museum have in common
A．They display collections of military products.
B．They are open to the public every day.
C．They tell historical stories about the transport.
D．They charge children a discounted price.
3．Where should visitors go if they want to gain more hands on experience
A．Anne Frank House.
B．Vasa Museum.
C．National Railway Museum.
D．Maritime Museum.
B篇
When presented with a Make A Wish grant, most 13 year old boys would buy a gaming system or take a trip to Disney World. But Abraham Olagbegi is not like most teens!
Abraham is recovering from a bone marrow transplant (骨髓移植) resulting from a rare genetic blood disorder. Last year was a scary time for him and his family, but the transplant was successful, and he's now on a path to good health. When he found out he qualified for Make A Wish, he shocked everyone with his request.
“I remember we were coming home from one of his doctor appointments and he said, ‘Mom, I thought about it, and I really want to feed the homeless，’” said Miriam Olagbegi, Abraham's mother. “I said, ‘Are you sure, Abraham You could do a lot...You are sure you don't want a PlayStation？’”
Abraham's whole family thought it was a great idea, especially since they've tried to teach their kids to give freely and openly to others whenever possible. In the 13 year old's words, “My parents always taught us that it's a blessing to be a blessing.”
Make A Wish granted Abraham's special request, spending a day in September handing out free plates of food to people experiencing homelessness in Jackson, Mississippi. Local businesses donated all of the food and supplies, and together they managed to feed about 80 people!
Abraham said seeing the gratitude on their faces made his wish come true and “warms our hearts”. Now, the Make A Wish team will continue Abraham's program named Abraham's Table each and every month.
“We're just very excited to be able to continue on this program. It's just so rewarding，” Miriam said.“If I was out there on the streets, homeless, I would want somebody at some point to think of me and to do something special for me. So, that's what I try to instill (逐步培养) in my kids and we just try to pay it forward, by doing what we were raised to do.”
4．What did Abraham Olagbegi request as a wish
A．A gaming system.
B．A trip to Disney World.
C．Having an operation.
D．Helping those in need.
5．How did Abraham's family react to his request
A．They felt confused.
B．They felt surprised.
C．They were doubtful.
D．They were supportive.
6．What do we learn about Abraham's parents
A．They made decisions for him.
B．They influenced him positively.
C．They were very strict with him.
D．They set up Abraham's Table.
7．What words can best describe Abraham
A．Smart and creative.
B．Outgoing and lively.
C．Caring and generous.
D．Hard working and careful.
C篇
The natural world provides humans with essential services. For instance, forests channel water into rivers that irrigate crops while their roots prevent landslides. Over decades, therefore, governments have made promises about preserving the world's biodiversity.
However, those promises have been broken many times, which has caused the depressing destruction of natural environments. One step towards avoiding yet more disappointment is to emphasize the close link between preserving biodiversity and the widely held goal of reaching net zero carbon emissions. Unfortunately, less known is the link between them.
Given that biodiversity has an important role in meeting these carbon reduction goals, you might think it would feature highly in the net zero emissions plans. Not so. For example, faced with the tighter regulation of emissions, many companies are now channeling more time and cash into their firms' carbon footprints reduction and energy transition, yet the plans have too little to say about biodiversity.
That needs to change. Safeguarding biodiversity is an efficient way to control carbon panies and investment firms should pay more attention to the opportunities from preserving ecosystems. By investing in biodiversity—directing capital to projects that repair an ecosystem—companies can offset (抵消) their emissions. By some estimates, projects to manage carbon rich wetlands and to reforest cleared land could provide more than one third of the emissions reductions that are needed to prevent more than 2 ℃ of global warming.
The key to managing more capital is better measurement so that the link between investment in natural projects, biodiversity and carbon is made clear. Today some so called carbon offset projects that involve firms paying money are questionable and not supported by evidence. Better guidelines and practice can help and so can new technology. Drones and satellites can improve the measurement of biodiversity and accounting systems can measure how spending on biodiversity compares with pouring cash into other kinds of carbon management.
8．What do we know about biodiversity
A．Its importance is undervalued.
B．Its link with carbon emissions is clear.
C．It is the source of carbon dioxide.
D．It gets promised benefits from governments.
9．Why is “many companies” mentioned in Paragraph 3
A．To clarify a rule.
B．To make a conclusion.
C．To explain a plan.
D．To support an opinion.
10．What is the benefit of safeguarding biodiversity
A．Rebuilding wetlands.
B．Redirecting capital.
C．Cutting carbon emissions.
D．Transforming energy.
11．What message does the writer convey in the text
A．The natural world deserves more investment.
B．The key to managing capital is new regulations.
C．It is hard to achieve net zero carbon emissions.
D．It is worthwhile spending money on clean energy.
[答题区]
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
答案
二、完形填空
When I was in seventh grade, my parents paid for a tutor to help me with math. This __1__ raising my mark from a fifty to a．..fifty five. Okay, maybe it was partly my __2__. I should have spent more time on math. But I was afraid of anything to do with numbers. The thought of a teacher __3__ me in class was terrifying. It only got __4__ in ninth grade. Every report card I received was delivered with the __5__：“Victoria needs to ask for assistance in class.”
Then after spending a semester not caring about __6__， I was informed that I'd spend the next three weeks at school, redoing the entire __7__ so I could pass. As it turned out, I __8__ tenth grade math.
This news was met with sudden __9__， and a loud “this can't be happening to me！” That's when it __10__ me: Why was I scared of a bunch of numbers, anyway Why was I so terrified of asking my teacher for help I eventually realized that I had let math take over my life. Sure, I still don't like numbers, and I __11__ never will. But the thing I've __12__ is that math is just a subject. There was really no __13__ to be afraid of it. Gradually, my __14__ changed, and I became more positive once I removed my math __15__. Gone are my days of imagining numbers as something to be afraid of!
1．A.avoided B．delayed C．ended up D．picked up
2．A.option B．fault C．fate D．barrier
3．A.assisting B．consulting C．injuring D．criticizing
4．A.farther B．nicer C．worse D．easier
5．A.comment B．motto C．statement D．notice
6．A.trails B．outcomes C．homework D．behavior
7．A.course B．project C．experiment D．presentation
8．A.accepted B．refused C．chose D．failed
9．A.regrets B．tears C．complaints D．blames
10．A.hit B．touched C．pleased D．inspired
11．A.regularly B．randomly C．secretly D．probably
12．A.remembered B．learned C．hoped D．missed
13．A.reason B．chance C．way D．motivation
14．A.life B．attitude C．situation D．strategy
15．A.doubts B．confusions C．fears D．worries
[答题区]
1～5 ________________ 6～10 ________________ 11～15 ________________Part Ⅰ 一轮组合训练
一轮组合训练(一)
一、阅读理解
A篇
Four Apps for Learning English
ELSA Speak
Summary: ELSA Speak trains your pronunciation in English with an AI teacher that points out where you can improve.
Price: Free
It is probably the best mobile app for helping improve your English pronunciation. Even if you're already fluent in English, you might be surprised at what the app can catch!
Mondly
Summary: Mondly focuses on conversational phrases for everyday situations, with practice tests and augmented reality function included.
Price: $9.99/month
Mondly is a well known app with more than 100 million users for over 40 languages. When it comes to English, Mondly does great at teaching conversational phrases that you can use in real life, from shopping at a store to going on a date.
Lingodeer
Summary: Lingodeer takes you from beginner to intermediate (中等水平者) through fun lessons with games and short exercises.
Price : $14.99/month
English lessons in Lingodeer are available in several languages, including Spanish, French, German and Chinese. The exercises for each lesson are well rounded enough that you can practice your listening, reading, and vocabulary in a single five minute lesson.
Babbel
Summary: Babbel teaches you English through 15 minute lessons that feature realistic conversations, along with optional live classes.
Price: $7.50/month
Babbel enables you to learn and practice English with realistic conversations that you're interested in. And with Babbel, you can focus on the topics that matter to your life, from business to travel.
1．What makes ELSA Speak different from the other three apps
A．It's free of charge. B．It owns a large number of users.
C．It provides five minute lessons. D．It's mainly used for improving reading skills.
2．Which app is your best choice if you want to learn English in an interesting way
A．ELSA Speak. B．Mondly. C．Lingodeer. D．Babbel.
3．What do Mondly and Babbel have in common
A．They offer courses featuring realistic conversations.
B．They offer courses available in different languages.
C．They are both recommended by school teachers.
D．They are both intended for beginners of English.
B篇
[2023·新课标Ⅱ卷，A]Yellowstone National Park offers a variety of ranger programs throughout the park, and throughout the year. The following are descriptions of the ranger programs this summer.
Experiencing Wildlife in Yellowstone (May 26 to September 2)
Whether you're hiking a backcountry trail (小径), camping, or just enjoying the park's amazing wildlife from the road, this quick workshop is for you and your family. Learn where to look for animals and how to safely enjoy your wildlife watching experience. Meet at the Canyon Village Store.
Junior Ranger Wildlife Olympics (June 5 to August 21)
Kids can test their skills and compare their abilities to the animals of Yellowstone. Stay for as little or as long as your plans allow. Meet in front of the Visitor Education Center.
Canyon Talks at Artist Point (June 9 to September 2)
From a classic viewpoint, enjoy Lower Falls, the Yellowstone River, and the breathtaking colors of the canyon (峡谷) while learning about the area's natural and human history. Discover why artists and photographers continue to be drawn to this special place. Meet on the lower platform at Artist Point on the South Rim Drive for this short talk.
Photography Workshops (June 19 & July 10)
Enhance your photography skills—join Yellowstone's park photographer for a hands on program to inspire new and creative ways of enjoying the beauty and wonder of Yellowstone.
6/19—Waterfalls & Wide Angles: meet at Artist Point.
7/10—Wildflowers & White Balance: meet at Washburn Trailhead in Chittenden parking area.
4．Which of the four programs begins the earliest
A．Photography Workshops. B．Junior Ranger Wildlife Olympics.
C．Canyon Talks at Artist Point. D．Experiencing Wildlife in Yellowstone.
5．What is the short talk at Artist Point about
A．Works of famous artists. B．Protection of wild animals.
C．Basic photography skills. D．History of the canyon area.
6．Where will the participants meet for the July 10 photography workshop
A．Artist Point. B．Washburn Trailhead.
C．Canyon Village Store. D．Visitor Education Center.
C篇
I arrived home from work, my mind racing. I was scheduled to perform an experiment using a pricey piece of equipment, but I had spent the whole day worrying about the experiment which was at the top of my agenda, and I amazingly longed to shut off my anxious thoughts. So after dinner, I made a cup of hot chocolate, stretched myself on my sofa, and opened a novel. Almost instantly, my mind left behind the details of experimental design and stepped into a land of monsters, magic dust, and man like bears comprising a wonderful world distinct from my daily life. It was exactly what I needed.
Growing up, I was virtually never a big fan of novels. My classmates would be crazy about the latest Harry Potter book, while my__copy__sat__collecting__dust__on__a__shelf. Instead, I would choose to read through the reference books related to my disciplines for better grades. After I started graduate school, extracurricular reading didn't appeal to me at all but I spent most of my time on campus digesting research papers and textbooks and my mind couldn't handle processing fact filled nonfiction books at home. So I knew that I needed to find a way to enjoy reading again.
My partner had a bookcase full of novels, so I figured, “Why not try fiction？” To help me stick with it, I made a New Year's resolution: I would read two fiction books per month for the entire year. The result was an almost instant appreciation of fiction, along with many unexpected results including ones that have benefited my schoolwork.
What surprised me the most was how much I learned. Some of the best books I read were historical fiction—fictional stories happening in a realistic historical setting. I learned about life in different countries, as well as struggles people there faced during difficult periods in their history. The books have helped me build sympathy and understanding, with an unexpected benefit: I've started to think more deeply about the diversity of issues in the scientific community and could serve it, heart and soul.
7．What did the author do to wipe out the anxiety
A．He drowned it in chocolate. B．He conducted an experiment.
C．He slept on the sofa leisurely. D．He escaped into a fantasy world.
8．What does the author mean by the underlined part in Paragraph 2
A．Reading novels was a waste of time.
B．Reading a good book was time well spent.
C．He was too busy to take good care of his books.
D．The latest Harry Potter book wasn't as good as expected.
9．How did the New Year's resolution benefit the author
A．More sympathy went out to him. B．His moral values were strengthened.
C．He learned much about political diversity. D．He gained new insight into his academic discipline.
10．What's the best title of the text
A．Reading: A Lifelong Hobby B．The Power of Research Papers
C．Novels: Love at Second Sight D．The Benefits of History Reading
[答题区]
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
答案
二、完形填空
Katya Echazarreta recently made history as the first Mexican born American woman and one of the youngest women ever to fly to space. That was a lifelong __1__ she was able to accomplish at only 26 years old.
On June 4, Jeff Bezos' Blue Origin rocket __2__ its fifth group of passengers to the edge of space and Katya got a(n) __3__ to apply to one of the six seats through a nonprofit called Space for Humanity.
The organization's __4__ is to send “excellent leaders” to space and allow them to __5__ the “overview effect”， a phenomenon astronauts have __6__ after looking down at the Earth from the outside.
“When you __7__ a trip to space, you don't really __8__ to get it，” Katya told CBS News. “I __9__ to just go for it. I am the kind of person that will always, always take a shot, even if it looks __10__. You never know what you can do until you try.”
Katya __11__ her success will have an impact on her community. “When I was a little girl, I was __12__ being told that it was a ridiculous idea, because how __13__ it was. So, being able to __14__ these young women and girls with an example of, ‘No, it's actually something that is real and possible and can __15__ to you，’—that is the reason why this was so important for me to do.”
1．A.dream B．course C．burden D．effort
2．A.delivered B．drove C．launched D．carried
3．A.opportunity B．mission C．order D．present
4．A.role B．goal C．stage D．belief
5．A.practice B．imagine C．experience D．research
6．A.discovered B．described C．invented D．considered
7．A.think up B．apply to C．put forward D．make out
8．A.adapt B．make C．expect D．turn
9．A.decided B．refused C．managed D．hesitated
10．A.interesting B．familiar C．unusual D．impossible
11．A.wonders B．suspects C．proves D．hopes
12．A.gradually B．normally C．constantly D．basically
13．A.boring B．simple C．unrealistic D．dangerous
14．A.provide B．suggest C．indicate D．inform
15．A.move B．happen C．change D．appear
[答题区]
1～5 ________________ 6～10 ________________ 11～15 ________________一轮组合训练(二十六)
一、阅读理解
A篇
Volunteering is a great way to develop new skills, gain experience and connect with others. If you are interested in volunteering, here are some recommended opportunities.
Invasive Species Management
Placencia, Belize
Make a difference by removing lionfish, an invasive species destroying reef ecosystems of the Caribbean. Learn to dive while removing lionfish. Each week/day will differ and you will be participating in the following activities: Invasive Lionfish, Whale Shark Monitoring (if spotted), Biodiversity Identification Dives and Beach Clean ups.
Marine Research Expedition
Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy
You will join an international crew aboard a sailboat to work for the protection of our seas. And you will learn to collect data, organize things and enjoy the sea at its best! Experience the sailing life in one of the world's best spots for water sports. Gain experience in Marine Research in the field (under water). Get close up to dolphins and whales in the wild.
Wildlife Supporter
Port Elizabeth, South Africa
Volunteer at a game reserve that hosts the Big 5 and support the local staff in monitoring the animals. Work close with the famous Big 5! Join our reserve for orphaned and injured non dangerous animals. Make a difference in the rescue, rehabilitation (康复) and release of wildlife giving them a second chance of being free and wild again.
Climate and Environmentalist Supporter
Hanga Roa, Chile
Be a volunteer on the amazing Easter Island in the Pacific Ocean and get involved in climate and nature protection. Responsibilities include: collaboration in the climate protection program, collection of plant seeds, control of seed settlement on the plantation, conservation of native seeds and plants and reforestation work.
1．What activity will volunteers do depending on good luck
A．Clean dolphins stuck on the beach.
B．Dive under water to see lionfish.
C．Collect data on a marine animal.
D．Observe whale sharks carefully.
2．What is Tyrrhenian Sea famous for
A．Its marine life in deep water.
B．Its perfect place for sailing.
C．Its wild dolphins and whales.
D．Its best spot for marine researches.
3．Which activity is suitable for volunteers with medical experiences
A．Wildlife Supporter.
B．Marine Research Expedition.
C．Invasive Species Management.
D．Climate and Environmentalist Supporter.
B篇
Facebook parent company Meta recently showed how the artificial intelligence (AI) powered tool can translate between English and the Hokkien language. Its project required different, unusual development methods. That is because Hokkien is mainly a spoken language. It does not have a widely used written form.
Generally, developers of translation systems train AI models on very large amounts of written text in the target languages. This arms the system with many different language examples and combinations in an effort to produce the most correct results.
In general, AI powered translation systems have improved greatly in recent years. It is now easier than ever to get translation help online or on devices to make international communication better. But one problem with such systems is that there are delays linked to the translation process. For example, when the system records spoken speech, the words are first converted into text and then translated by an AI system. Then, the translated words are converted back into speech so they can be heard.
The unusual part of the Meta project is that the development team did not have large amounts of Hokkien language text to feed into the AI system.
Hokkien is a dialect of Chinese. It is spoken by millions of people in Fujian Province and Taiwan. Additionally, it is also widely spoken in some areas in Malaysia, Singapore and the Philippines. Generally, families passed down the language throughout the generations.
Meta said it used several different methods to create the new system to translate to and from Hokkien and English. The team trained its AI models on written text examples from another version of Chinese, Mandarin, which is similar to Hokkien. In addition, Meta developers used an encoding tool designed to compare spoken Hokkien to similar English text. The team also worked closely with Hokkien speakers to make sure the results were correct.
The company said, however, that its Hokkien translation model is still a work in progress. It noted that the system is only able to translate one full sentence at a time at the moment.
4．What makes Meta's project of translating Hokkien unusual
A．The lack of its written form.
B．The special Chinese writing system.
C．The limited speakers of Hokkien.
D．The complex language examples and combinations.
5．What does the underlined word “converted” in Paragraph 3 mean
A．Guided. B．Transformed. C．Sorted. D．Returned.
6．What do AI powered translation systems fail to do now
A．Get everyone to have access to online translation.
B．Use devices to communicate internationally.
C．Provide a real time translation at any place.
D．Produce the most correct translation results.
7．What is the main idea of the sixth paragraph
A．How Mandarin is similar to Hokkien.
B．How Hokkien speakers speak Hokkien.
C．How English text is translated into Hokkien.
D．How Meta's translation system translates Hokkien.
C篇
Have you got any idea of microplastics(微塑料) They may be in our oceans, rivers and ice but there's little evidence to suggest that microplastics in the water we drink pose a risk to our health.
In its first review on the health risks of plastics in tap and bottled water, the World Health Organization (WHO) said that microplastics “don't appear to pose a health risk at current levels”， but the key finding came with a big warning—the review said available information was limited and more research on microplastics and how they affect human health was needed.
WHO said it did not recommend routine monitoring of microplastics in drinking water and said that concerns over microplastics should not distract water suppliers and regulators from removing microbial pathogens (微生物病原体).
In its analysis, WHO looked at three potential hazards linked to microplastics: the physical particles, chemicals, and the microorganisms that may attach themselves to microplastics. “Based on the limited evidence available, chemicals and microbial pathogens are a low concern for human health，” the report said. Microplastics larger than 150 micrometers are not likely to be absorbed into the human body and uptake of smaller particles is expected to be limited. Absorption of very small microplastic particles, including the nano sized range may, however, be higher.
“To date, there are no data available to show that microplastics pose a hazard to human health. However, this does not necessarily mean that they are harmless，” said Alice Horton, an anthropogenic contaminants scientist.
Dr Andrew Mayes, a senior lecturer in chemistry at the University of East Anglia in the UK, said the WHO report would likely come as a relief to people who have been alarmed about levels of microplastics in our water supply.
8．What can we learn from the review mentioned in Paragraph 2
A．The research is out of date.
B．Further study on microplastics is needed.
C．The research focuses on microplastics' resources.
D．More research is needed to solve the pollution problem.
9．Which of the following should we pay more attention to according to current information
A．The chemicals.
B．The physical particles.
C．The microbial pathogens.
D．The pollution in the oceans.
10．Which of the following would Dr Andrew Mayes agree with
A．It's unnecessary to study microplastics in drinking water.
B．People should have a broader understanding of microplastics.
C．People needn't worry too much about microplastics in drinking water.
D．It's important to find out in which way people will suffer from microplastics.
11．What message does the author try to convey in this text
A．People should avoid bottled water.
B．Microplastics are doing harm to our environment.
C．People should choose a healthy way of drinking water.
D．Microplastics in drinking water bring few health risks.
[答题区]
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
答案
二、阅读七选五
Have you ever wondered why people tend to keep a distance from you at parties and social gatherings in spite of the fact that you're interesting and attractive __1__
Here's my story. The day I first attended college, none of my school friends went on to join me there. __2__ I was nervous, frightened by the thought of telling the entire class why I took up literature as my chosen discipline of study. Frightened, yes, that was how I exactly felt. So, when this particular girl, who became a super close friend in a matter of three months, smiled nervously at me that day, I also responded with a smile.
__3__ But do you actually pay attention to it Do not scare people away with annoying and loud outbursts of laughter. __4__ However, your laughter should only show how happy or amused you are, not how many microphones you swallowed as a baby. Crossing your arms across the chest is closed body language that shows you have barriers and defenses. Crossed arms and legs tell people around that you are not very interested in getting to know other people. Relax your hands and have them by your sides. __5__ Hold your drink to your mouth all the time and not just when you are about to taste it, because this gesture gives people the idea that you wish to be approached.
A．Believe me, it isn't annoying.
B．I am not asking you to never laugh.
C．I was absolutely alone in a classroom filled with strangers.
D．Open body language invites people to come to you more easily.
E．I had completely ignored the gesture and looked right through her.
F．I am sure that you have heard body language a million times already.
G．You may unknowingly send out wrong signals to people around with your body language.
[答题区]
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________
三、语法填空
There were two best buds who were classmates through kindergarten all the way to college. When the war broke out, they both joined 1.________ army and decided to ask to be on the same unit.
While patrolling (巡逻) one night, they were ambushed (伏击) and bullets started flying on all sides. Out of the darkness, Harry recognized his friend Bill's voice 2.________ (call) out for help. Harry asked his Captain to go out to help his best friend but he was refused. He 3.________ (keep) quiet and heard Bill's voice again. Harry couldn't do anything as he heard Bill's voice again and again 4.________ the battlefield.
Couldn't contain 5.________ (he) any longer, Harry ran over his Captain again and he unwillingly agreed to let him go. Through the darkness, Harry crawled and dragged Bill back to their camp but he was already dead. Furious, the Captain shouted at Harry and told him that going out there was a mistake and he could 6.________ (die). Harry disagreed and told his Captain that he did the right thing. 7.________ he reached Bill, he was still alive and his last words were: “Harry, I knew you would come.”
This great story shows how people go to great 8.________ (long) to save and help their friends. Seeing your 9.________ (close) friends in pain can also hurt you. Value a friend who would be there for you no matter what happens. Friendship is 10.________ (true) a blessing. It's something that will always be there for you in the good and the bad times.
[答题区]
1．____________ 2.____________ 3.____________ 4.____________ 5.____________ 6．____________ 7.____________ 8.____________ 9.____________ 10.____________一轮组合训练(十八)
一、阅读理解
A篇
Egypt is a land of dreams for travelers looking for a bustling (熙熙攘攘的) destination with a culture full of life. For Europeans, Egypt has been a popular spot to go for occasional day trips.
When I visited Egypt back in 2008, safety wasn't the biggest concern. Nowadays there are some regions which are not safe, but there are also regions which are perfectly fine, just like in any other country and city. Everywhere in Egypt I was told that the only rules for tourists in Egypt are to “enjoy and feel like at home”.
Tourist attractions are largely safe and not under any threat. Egyptians are one of the most welcoming people I've ever met on my travels and they love tourists. Not once I felt in any danger anywhere in the country—people constantly offered me help when I looked lost or unsure. I was very saddened to read a lot of other blog posts saying that everyone in Egypt wants your money, as it's absolutely not my experience. I met locals trying to help me on numerous occasions, asking me if I'm all right, feeding me good food. Everyone was nothing but nice to me.
Egypt is comparatively cheap if you're coming from a developed nation. For a bed in a dorm, you'll usually pay about $4, guesthouse about $12 per night, a higher standard less than $150. If you're backpacking you could get by for $30 a day without any issues. The most expensive thing I paid for in Egypt was my hot air balloon flight ($50).
Always carry a lot of coins and small bills. You will have to “tip” many times a day, for all kinds of reasons. While you don't have to do this, it's customary to for instance give some coins to a bathroom lady who hands you a few sheets of toilet paper. I was completely fine with tipping here and there, especially after visiting some of the poorest neighborhoods of Cairo and Luxor.
1．Why does the author tell her travel experience in Egypt
A．To introduce the tourist attractions in Egypt.
B．To remove people's doubt about safety in Egypt.
C．To give tourists advice on traveling around Egypt.
D．To show her sadness at someone's travel blog posts.
2．Why does the author think it is acceptable to give tips in Egypt
A．People were kind and helpful to her.
B．Many people are living in poverty.
C．It is a habit to give tips to others.
D．Things in Egypt are very cheap.
3．What can be the best title for the passage
A．Guide for tourists to Egypt
B．Advice on traveling around Egypt
C．Introduction of Egyptian customs
D．Safety issues of traveling in Egypt
B篇
Have you ever noticed tiny raised areas on the branches of a tree These may have been insects. These small insects feed on tree sap (汁液). Insects on urban trees are notably more abundant than those on rural trees. As a result, urban trees suffer from heavy infestations (侵扰), and are often unhealthy. To protect and restore urban trees' health, we need to determine the factors that make these tree pests more successful in urban habitats.
Living organisms interact closely with their environment. The warmer, more drought stressed trees harbor more successful pests than cooler, less drought stressed trees. As cities and natural habitats become hotter and drier, damaging insects will become more abundant on urban trees.
Trees within urban forests are valuable economically and for the environmental sustainability (可持续性) of the region. More than half of the world's population lives in cities. Across the globe, people are moving into cities at a faster rate than ever.
Rapid growth may turn cities into places with harder conditions. Although cities are primarily made of buildings, roads, parking lots, and vehicles, there are still plants in them. The trees within a city are referred to as the urban forests. Urban forests offer very big benefits to human and environmental health. They improve air and water quality, provide habitat for wildlife, cool down temperatures and beautify our environment. They make cities livable.
However, being a city tree is not easy. Heat released by human activities is trapped in cities. As a result, temperatures in urban areas are often warmer than their surrounding rural areas. We call this urban warming or the urban heat island effect. Surfaces of urban habitats are mostly made of asphalt (沥青) and concrete. These surfaces reduce the amount of rainwater that reaches tree roots. As a result, urban forests may suffer, which can negatively affect people and the environment.
What can we do to restore urban forests Regular irrigation (灌溉) when possible may help keep pest populations under control. Planting tree species that are suitable to handle heat and drought stress would also reduce the occurrence of insect pest outbreaks.
4．What makes tree pests more successful in cities than in rural areas
A．The warmer and rainy habitat.
B．The hotter and drier habitat.
C．The cooler and drier habitat.
D．The hotter and rainy habitat.
5．Urban forests make cities livable by ________．
A．providing people with enough clean water
B．improving the living environment
C．offering people economic benefits
D．lowering the temperatures
6．According to the text, what can result in the city trees' suffering
A．Natural disasters.
B．Invisible forces.
C．Human activities.
D．Climate changes.
7．What would be the best title for the text
A．The Importance of Urban Trees
B．How to Protect Rural Trees
C．Rural Trees Are in Great Danger
D．Let's Act for the Protection of Urban Trees
C篇
In most cases, people pick the easiest way out: the path of least resistance. Yet, it is the hard choice—the path of most resistance—that is more beneficial and provides most success in the long run. How do these paths differ What are the dangers of an easy life What are the rewards for a hard life How do you start taking the path of most resistance
Taking the path of least resistance means choosing the easiest available option, with little regard for its long term consequences. For example, you eat whatever you like, whenever you like, and in whatever amount you like. It may feel nice at first but all of them have a very steep price. In that case, it's guaranteed obesity. Most people in the modern world follow this path and this is why so many people struggle with a lack of self discipline, good habits, etc.
The path of most resistance is about choosing the option that will lead to more personal growth, even if it means suffering in the early stages of the process. For example, it may cost you a lot to quit watching TV for hours on end. But over the long term, you'll free up a lot of time that will lead to a more satisfying life than that of a couch potato. At first sight, this approach is unappealing. It requires effort, brings no pleasure, and leads to potential suffering. Yet, on the other side of all that lies a world of more confidence, self discipline and mental resilience (恢复力). In the end, they more than make up for the fleeting superficial pleasure.
We're lazy by nature. Some may point out that it is because of this tendency that we now enjoy so many wonders of technology that people in the past would kill to have. But ask the individuals praising laziness if they would be happy living a life where everything is given to them the moment they think about it. They would have zero hardships, no objective in life and no obstacle to overcome and no wise human would want such an existence.
8．How does the author show the dangers of choosing the easy path
A．By giving examples.
B．By listing data.
C．By making a comparison.
D．By asking questions.
9．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to
A．Watching TV for hours.
B．Having many life struggles.
C．Getting superficial pleasure.
D．Choosing the path of most resistance.
10．Which of the following would the author agree with
A．Life is to be enjoyed, not endured.
B．Set your life goals as early as possible.
C．There should be some challenges in life.
D．Good habits provide short term pleasure.
11．What is the author's purpose in writing the text
A．To tell us humans are lazy by nature.
B．To show the common lifestyles of young people.
C．To prove it's laziness that leads to wonders.
D．To persuade us to challenge ourselves.
[答题区]
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
答案
二、阅读七选五
The resume acts as a bridge between you and the prospective recruiter. Hence the importance of a resume can never be underestimated.
__1__ It says what you have done in the past. What are you doing currently and where exactly are you heading towards Just imagine a small piece of paper talks so much about you including past, present, and future. Doesn't that sound amazing But remember this story of past, present and future needs to be conveyed quickly, or else they will lose interest.
To sell your skills. Through a well written resume, you can sell the skills which you have accumulated over these years. __2__ And if your resume is successful in telling them so, the purpose is served.
__3__ It is essential to create your own brand in this professional world and this journey starts right after your college and studies. To showcase your knowledge, your skills, experience, expertise, and accomplishments, it is necessary to have a perfectly written resume. It describes you as a good professional who is ready to face this challenging world.
Quick but lasting first impression. __4__ In the bulk (堆) of the resumes, if one resume stands out and it gives a feeling that yes, this is the one, then working hard on your resume is worth it. The recruiter would likely ignore the resume which is text heavy and difficult to read. So try to keep it simple, easy to read and easy to understand.
__5__ You cannot wait for the recruiter to call you to know about your career history and accomplishments so far.So, it is imperative to write a good resume to showcase your achievements to tell your success story so far.
A．To brand yourself.
B．To show your achievements.
C．To show them how your products work.
D．A resume speaks a lot about you as a professional.
E．The recruiters wonder whether you like their company.
F．As is known to all, the first impression means the last impression.
G．The recruiters want to know how your skills will benefit their companies.
[答题区]
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________
三、语法填空
[2023·全国甲卷]For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言)1.________ (teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom. Fables were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures, and the well known Aesop's fables date to the 2.________ (six) century B．C.Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, 3.________ Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow”．
Carson uses a simple, direct style common to fables. In fact, her style and tone (口吻) are seemingly directed at children. “There was once a town in the heart of America 4.________ all life seemed to enjoy peaceful co existence with its surroundings，” her fable begins, 5.________ (borrow) some familiar words from many age old fables. Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message 6.________ (intend) for everyone.
7．________ (difference) from traditional fables, Carson's story ends with an accusation instead of a moral. She warns of the environmental dangers facing society, and she teaches that people must take responsibility 8.________ saving their environment.
The themes of traditional fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life. However, Carson's theme is a more weighty 9.________ (warn) about environmental destruction. Carson proves that a simple literary form that has been passed down through the ages can still 10.________ (employ) today to draw attention to important truths.
[答题区]
1．____________ 2.____________ 3.____________ 4.____________ 5.____________ 6．____________ 7.____________ 8.____________ 9.____________ 10.____________一轮组合训练(二十四)
一、阅读理解
A篇
It's a fiercely hot afternoon in Milton Keynes. Cristiane Bonifacio has just removed a large chocolate bar from the robot that has rolled up outside her home. Ms Bonifacio is in a hurry and has to dash back indoors for a work zoom call, but she's got just enough time to express her affection for the robot delivery service. “I love the robots. Sometimes you find one that's got stuck so you help it and it says ‘thank you’．”
After decades of playing the villain (反派角色) in science fiction, robots are now part of life in many towns and people haven't just embraced them; they rush to help them.
Amber Case is a specialist. “In the movies robots are always a technology that's attacking us. But the delivery robots wait for us and we use them.” She thinks occasions when a robot hits an obstacle and requires help from a passer by are an important part of the human robot relationship. “Technology can be lovable if it needs our help. We like a robot that needs us a bit, and when we help the robot it creates a bond.”
The design element of the robot chimes with the public. Victoria Butterworth recalls that the robots were one reason she moved to Milton Keynes. “They caught my attention, and they're so unusual.”
The Terminator robot is perhaps the best known of Hollywood's threatening machines. The human robot bond emerging in Milton Keynes has removed the stereotype of a scary robot. When you see one you don't get that science fiction emotion of “Oh, no! It's a robot！” It's more like a cute little character you see on the street. It makes your walk more colorful.
1．How does the author start the passage
A．By explaining an experience of shopping.
B．By showing Ms Bonifacio's busy work.
C．By describing a delivery service from robots.
D．By introducing Ms Bonifacio's playing with a robot toy.
2．What does Ms Case think important for the human robot bond
A．Robots attract more visitors to the town.
B．Robots bring sci fi scenes into reality.
C．Robots make walking on the street dangerous.
D．Robots change people's negative impression on them.
3．What is the best title for the passage
A．Are We Used to the Use of Robots
B．Are We Falling in Love with Robots
C．Are We Making More Robots in Life
D．Are We Operating Robots Correctly
B篇
New Zealand's government is proposing a tax on the greenhouse gases that farm animals make from burping (打嗝) and peeing (撒尿) as part of a plan to tackle climate change.
The government said the farm tax would be a world first, and that farmers should be able to make up for the cost by charging more for climate friendly products.
But farmers quickly opposed the plan. Federated Farmers President Andrew Hoggard said farmers had been trying to work with the government for more than two years on an emissions reduction plan that wouldn't decrease food production. “Our plan was to keep farmers farming，” Hoggard said. Instead, he said farmers would be selling their farms “so fast you won't even hear the dogs barking on the back of the pickup truck as they drive off.”
There are just 5 million people in New Zealand but some 10 million beef and dairy cattle and 26 million sheep. The outsized industry has made New Zealand unusual in that about half of its greenhouse gas emissions come from farms. Farm animals produce gases that warm the planet, particularly methane from cattle burping and peeing.
The debate in New Zealand is part of a broader global reckoning about farming's impact on the environment and the steps some say are needed for relief. The government in New Zealand has promised to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and make the country carbon neutral (碳中和) by 2050. Under the government's proposed plan, farmers would start to pay for emissions in 2025, with the pricing yet to be decided.
Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern said all the money collected from the proposed farm tax would be put back into the industry to fund new technology, research and encouraging payments for farmers.
“New Zealand's farmers are set to be the first in the world to reduce agricultural emissions, positioning our biggest export market for the competitive advantage，” Ardern said.
4．Why does New Zealand's government propose the farm tax
A．To increase farms' animal populations.
B．To deal with climate change properly.
C．To charge more for climate friendly products.
D．To increase food production without selling farms.
5．What does the underlined word “outsized” mean in Paragraph 4
A．Well known. B．Dynamic. C．Particular. D．Large scale.
6．What can we learn from Paragraph 5
A．Farming does great harm to the environment.
B．Greenhouse gas emissions have been totally prohibited in New Zealand.
C．New Zealand is expected to achieve carbon neutral in 2050.
D．Farmers in New Zealand will pay a high price for emissions in 2025.
7．What is Jacinda Ardern's attitude toward the proposed farm tax
A．Positive. B．Doubtful. C．Uncaring. D．Sympathetic.
C篇
Artificial intelligence (AI) has been increasingly good at fooling people. A series of photos showing former US president Donald Trump being aggressively arrested by police have caught people's attention. They were fake but very convincing.
Created by the AI program Midjourney, the photos were highly realistic, from the characters' movements to the surroundings. However, many details can give away the fact that they are made by AI. The Washington Post's technology writer Shira Ovide shared her tips. The main idea is to spot the problems—anything that would look strange in a photo.
AI software has a history of generating human hands incorrectly. It sometimes can create hands with more than five fingers. This is because AI isn't sure what a “hand” exactly is, according to Popular Science. The data AI uses to learn often show hands and fingers in various gestures, which can be very confusing for AI.
AI generated images also usually contain details that are against reality. To spot this, focus on items like accessories. For example, people in an image maybe missing earrings or one part of their sunglasses. If there's text in an image, such as a newspaper or poster, it's usually garbled (篡改), even though the text may look realistic from a distance.
Another thing AI is terrible at handling is the background. If there's a crowd in the image, people's faces in the background are usually blurry—or they don't have faces at all!
The development of AI generated art also raises alarm bells about how these fake images could be used to spread misinformation. “I think misinformation is going to hit an all time high，” Jamie Cohen, a digital culture and AI expert in the US, told New York Post. Generating an AI artwork is to “create reality”， Cohen argued, adding that being able to tell whether the work is real or not requires high media literacy (媒体素养) skills. “The world may not be ready for how realistic the images have become，” Shane Kittelson, a US researcher, told The Washington Post.
8．Why are Donald Trump's photos mentioned in the first paragraph
A．To draw more people's attention.
B．To make people convinced of the news.
C．To show the AI generated images were fake.
D．To prove that it's easy for AI to cheat people.
9．Why does AI generate human hands incorrectly according to the text
A．It is unable to recognize human hands.
B．The data it uses to learn contain errors.
C．It doesn't fully understand human hands.
D．It has insufficient data about human hands.
10．Which of the following will Jamie Cohen agree with
A．AI artworks may not be reflective of true creativity.
B．It's high time to address the risks posed by AI works.
C．AI artworks will replace traditional art forms in the future.
D．Detecting real art demands strong media literacy competence.
11．Where is the text probably from
A．A news report. B．A diary. C．A research paper. D．Science fiction.
[答题区]
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
答案
二、阅读七选五
How to Live with Your Host Family
Studying abroad is full of adventures. To get the most out of your time with your host family, check out our tips.
Be open and communicate.
You are allergic to peanuts, don't like seafood, or have a fear of dogs of all sizes __1__ They should know the most important facts about you from your paperwork.
Respect the schedule.
Even though you have paid for your stay, you're still part of a family that is not yours, so you need to respect their schedules. If you are not home for meals or activities, let your host family know ahead of time. __2__
Get to know your host family.
Be interested in what your host family eats or does for fun. __3__ But you need to respect personal space and don't force a relationship with your host family.
Mind your manners.
You do not live in a hotel and your host mom is not your servant. __4__ Don't leave the dishes in the sink. Help in carrying the groceries from the car to the house. Do not sleep all day Sunday or complain that there's no breakfast ready when you wake up.
__5__
If you don't like the radio station in the car or the shows everyone is watching on TV, take a deep breath and don't complain. After a few weeks or months, you can go back to your old life—and have loads of good stories and memories to share.
A．Keep your room clean.
B．Don't complain about the shows.
C．Remember that it's all temporary.
D．Tell your host family about it right away.
E．If you miss your bus and will be home late, tell them.
F．Participating in activities with your host family is a great experience.
G．Ask questions, be curious, and try to learn about and from your host family.
[答题区]
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________
三、语法填空
For years I have been asked why I volunteer, and my answer remains the same: I volunteer because it makes a difference.
1．________ (grow) up in Hawaii, I saw Dad taking my family downtown to pass out cheeseburgers to the homeless, and my passion grew 2.________ there. Over the years, I placed my focus on food insecurity and that led me to founding the first food pantry on the campus of Indiana University. I will never forget the day when I opened the pantry. 3.________ student walked in the door and he said, “I was in class with you 4.________ (early). 5.________ you for doing this because I was trying to figure out how I was going to eat this week.” The food pantry 6.________ (actual) helped many a student on the campus, 7.________， for some reason, had difficulty 8.________ (get) everyday meals. Those who got food from there came back to support our food pantry, making it a place to pass on kindness.
That was two and a half years ago, but 9.________ (moment) like those stick with me to this very day. Since graduating, I now volunteer with different homeless shelters in Indianapolis, 10.________ I will continue to make myself available as long as there is someone in need.
[答题区]
1．____________ 2.____________ 3.____________ 4.____________ 5.____________ 6．____________ 7.____________ 8.____________ 9.____________ 10.____________一轮组合训练(二十一)
一、阅读理解
A篇
[2023·全国乙卷，A]
PRACTITIONERS
Jacqueline Felice de Almania (c.1322) highlights the suspicion that women practicing medicine faced. Born to a Jewish family in Florence, she moved to Paris where she worked as a physician and performed surgery. In 1322 she was tried for practicing unlawfully. In spite of the court hearing testimonials (证明) of her ability as a doctor, she was banned from medicine. James Barry(c.1789—1865) was born Margaret Bulkley in Ireland but, dressed as a man, she was accepted by Edinburgh University to study medicine. She qualified as a surgeon in 1813, then joined the British Army, serving overseas. Barry retired in 1859, having practiced her entire medical profession living and working as a man.
Tan Yunxian (1461—1554) was a Chinese physician who learned her skills from her grandparents. Chinese women at the time could not serve apprenticeships (学徒期) with doctors. However, Tan passed the official exam. Tan treated women from all walks of life. In 1511, Tan wrote a book, Sayings of a Female Doctor, describing her life as a physician. Rebecca Lee Crumpler (1831 — 1895) worked as a nurse for eight years before studying in medical college in Boston in 1860. Four years later, she was the first African American woman to receive a medical degree. She moved to Virginia in 1865, where she provided medical care to freed slaves.
1.What did Jacqueline and James have in common
A．Doing teaching jobs.
B．Being hired as physicians.
C．Performing surgery.
D．Being banned from medicine.
2．How was Tan Yunxian different from the other practitioners
A．She wrote a book.
B．She went through trials.
C．She worked as a dentist.
D．She had formal education.
3．Who was the first African American with a medical degree
A．Jacqueline Felice de Almania.
B．Tan Yunxian.
C．James Barry.
D．Rebecca Lee Crumpler.
B篇
Ignoring commands to sit, stay or fetch, it seemed as though Caleb, the German shepherd, could not be trained. But it turned out staff at his animal shelter had been, well, barking_up_the_wrong_tree.The four year old was perfectly capable of understanding commands—as long as they were in Polish.
Now the Dogs Trust shelter in Kenilworth, Warwickshire, is hoping to find a bilingual owner to give Caleb a home. Caleb was given to the Dogs Trust shelter three months ago by his owner, who had trained him in his native Polish, but could not look after him when finding a job abroad.
Polish born Mariusz Budz was asked to spend time with Caleb, and a remarkable video showed the dog obeying commands in Polish but ignoring their English equivalents. Caleb has started to learn some basic commands in English, but the Dogs Trust shelter is hoping someone who speaks the language will adopt him.
Sandra Foulds of the Dogs Trust shelter, said, “When Caleb first arrived, we thought that his lack of response to training commands was due to a change in his environment. But later we figured out it was the language difficulty that held him back. Now, there's nothing stopping him when he's being spoken to in Polish and he's really keen to show off his tricks.”
She added, “Caleb loves toys. He enjoys the company of people and will happily play with you if you have a ball. Like all our dogs when they become ready to find new families, we want Caleb to go to a loving home—although in this case, it would be advantageous if they can speak Polish.” The Dogs Trust shelter has said that Caleb could live with older teenagers aged 14 years or above but would prefer to be the only dog in the home. Anyone wishing to offer Caleb a new home can call the Rehoming Centre on 0300 303 0292.
4. What does the underlined phrase “barking up the wrong tree” in Paragraph 1 most probably mean
A．Using a wrong method.
B．Planting the wrong kind of tree.
C．Reaching a wrong conclusion.
D．Trying to cover up the truth.
5．Why was Caleb sent to the Dogs Trust shelter
A．He could not be trained by his owner.
B．He was trained in the Polish language.
C．His owner had to work in a foreign country.
D．He had no knowledge of English.
6．What is the hope of the Dogs Trust shelter
A．The dog can understand English commands.
B．Someone who speaks Polish can adopt him.
C．His owner will take him abroad.
D．Someone who speaks English will train him.
7．What do we know about Caleb
A．The dog is shy and afraid of people.
B．The dog was born in the shelter.
C．The dog gets along well with babies.
D．The dog likes to play with toys.
C篇
Mark Twain was dismissive of those people who think it is possible for someone to learn how to write a novel. “A man who is not born with the novel writing gift has a troublesome time when he tries to build a novel，” he said. “He has no clear idea of his story. In fact, he has no story.”
British writer Stephen Fry puts it another way. He says that successful authors are those who know just how difficult it is to write a book.
These days, however, technology is making the life of an author a little easier. For Michael Green, a US data scientist turned novelist, the need to use technology to simplify and streamline the writing process came when he was in the middle of writing his first book.
With 500 pages of a complex story written, he recalls that the process became difficult to manage, “I had all these documents on the deeper aspects of the world I was creating. I was worried about not being able to keep track of them all. That was when I switched to my more data science minded approach to solving a complex problem with a lot of different pieces.”
The end result was that Mr Green created Lynit, a digital platform to help authors plan and weave together the many elements that form a story, such as the themes, characters and major events. “Once the authors get a new idea that they want to bring into the story, with Lynit they are able to input it into a natural framework，” he said. “As new ideas come in, they change the story, maybe by creating new nodes (节点) and new relationships.”
Once the book has been published, technology is also playing an ever increasing role in publicity and connecting with readers. Websites and apps from specialist firms allow authors to participate in live question and answer sessions with their readers.
Michael Green believes technology will become even more important as a new generation of tech savvy (精通现代技术的) writers become more well known. “What I'm finding with Generation Z and even younger writers is that they are looking for technology to give them guidance，” he said. “They see it as a tool to learn and grow with rather than extra work.”
8．What can we learn from Michael Green's writing experience
A．It is really difficult to become a writer.
B．Writers should be cautious about using technology.
C．Technology can be a helpful tool to writers.
D．Writers need to adopt different writing approaches.
9．What is an advantage of technology according to the text
A．It can translate thoughts into sentences.
B．It brings authors closer to their readers.
C．It makes it possible for anyone to be a writer.
D．It can inspire authors to produce more good ideas.
10．What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A．New technology matters to young writers.
B．Young writers rely too heavily on technology.
C．The new generation of writers should be tech savvy.
D．Tech savvy writers become known thanks to technology.
11．What is the writer's attitude towards the writing assistance technology
A．Critical. B．Favorable. C．Unconcerned. D．Doubtful.
[答题区]
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
答案
二、完形填空
I love to wander through high mountains on sunny days. It is so __1__ that it seems you can see landscapes several states away. But I also love it when fog goes down and __2__ me in a state of peace and quietness.
One day while I was visiting a familiar mountaintop, the fog blew in. I was __3__ because I'd gone there to take some __4__ and needed a clear shot of the mountains in the __5__. Instead I was __6__ the middle of a damp , gray cloud. I carried my camera over my shoulder and made my __7__ back to the car to wait, hoping the fog would __8__.
As I sat there, still, I began to see things that I'd never __9__ before. I spied an old tree with rough trunks and branches of interesting __10__. I observed the cliffs behind me and the beautiful designs made with rocks and brush. All this new to me scenery __11__ me back out of the car, and soon I was happily __12__ a part of this landscape I'd never seen before.
The __13__ never did lift, but I saw things I'd never seen before. So if you're surrounded by any kind of fog, take a deep breath. Stop __14__ to see too far ahead and look close by. That's where you'll find nature waiting to open up your eyes in ways you never __15__.
1．A.strange B．comfortable C．evident D．clear
2．A.covers B．surrounds C．buries D．floats
3．A.surprised B．worried C．disappointed D．frightened
4．A.photos B．cameras C．measures D．notes
5．A.water B．voyage C．direction D．distance
6．A.filled with B．caught in C．robbed of D．stopped from
7．A.road B．approach C．way D．trip
8．A.clear up B．take up C．make up D．show up
9．A.noticed B．believed C．accepted D．wanted
10．A.dresses B．shapes C．functions D．models
11．A.brought B．carried C．drew D．set
12．A.studying B．decorating C．painting D．exploring
13．A.fog B．cloud C．memory D．scenery
14．A.pretending B．managing C．struggling D．deciding
15．A.prepared B．mastered C．doubted D．imagined
[答题区]
1～5 ________________ 6～10 _______________ 11～15 ________________一轮组合训练(三十六)
一、阅读理解
A篇
National Flag Day in Argentina is celebrated annually on June 20. Argentines celebrate National Flag Day and mourn (悼念) the death of its designer, General Manuel Belgrano. He was one of the most important independent leaders and is credited with the design of the Argentine flag. He came up with the design in the location that is now occupied by the city of Rosario. He sadly passed away on June 20, 1820.
The Argentine flag was adopted in 1812 and remains in use today. It is a triband (三条带) consisting of three horizontal bands of light blue, white, and light blue, each of which is equally wide. The Sun of May was added to the center of the design in 1818.
The flag with a sun has been appointed as the official ceremonial flag. The version of the flag that does not have the sun is known as the ornamental flag, which serves the purpose of decoration on buildings or in events. During the War of Independence for Argentina, Belgrano was in command of the battle that was taking place close to Rosario. He observed that the armies loyal to the Crown, as well as those fighting for independence, were wearing the same colors, which were yellow and red of Spain.
Then Belgrano designed a new flag that included the same colors as the one flown by the Criollos during the May Revolution of 1810. Even though the flag of Argentina is easily one of the most recognizable in the world, its original design was quite different from the one that is used today. The original flag had two vertical stripes (竖条纹), one of which was blue and the other was white. On February 27, 1812, the flag was flown for the first time on the Batera Libertad, which was located along the Paraná River.
1．What does today's Argentine flag look like
A．Two vertical stripes with one blue and the other white.
B．Three horizontal bands with a moon in the center.
C．Two horizontal bands with one yellow and the other red.
D．Three horizontal bands of light blue, white and light blue with a sun in the center.
2．What does the underlined word “ornamental” in Paragraph 3 mean
A．Playing a role of decoration.
B．Representing a particular party.
C．Standing for an organization.
D．Being used by tourists.
3．What can we infer from the evolution (演变) of the Argentine flag
A．A national flag should be easily recognized.
B．A national flag design should be very simple.
C．A national flag must convey special meanings.
D．A national flag can borrow others' designs.
4．What can be the best title for the passage
A．The story of General Manuel Belgrano
B．The history of Argentine national flag
C．The War of Independence for Argentina
D．The design of Argentine national flag
B篇
Have you ever seen one of the many videos of an elephant grabbing a paintbrush, dipping it in paint, and producing a painting similar to something a 5 year old could create
The intelligence of elephants is similar to primates. Meanwhile, their skillful trunks allow them to use tools to draw on paper. The difference, however, lies in whether the elephant is painting on__a__whim or has been trained to do so. As you probably have guessed, the latter is most often the case. Is elephant painting an ethical, entertaining act, or does it fall under the category of cruelty
Activist organizations like the Elephant Asia Rescue and Survival Foundation (EARS) warn that elephants can suffer extreme discomfort in the training process, which can reduce their quality of life, especially when they are forced to paint the same picture over and over. Videos of painting elephants often feature trainers standing nearby with sticks in their hands—evidence of the physical pain that's used to teach them such tricks. Furthermore, many of the painting elephants are very young, at an age where they should still be with their mothers. It raises questions about whether they could somehow be transformed for a return to the wild, instead of being used for entertainment.
Fortunately, not all elephants are taught to paint to entertain tourists or for monetary gain. The nonprofit Asian Elephant Art & Conservation Project (AEACP) was founded in 1998 by two artists who use the elephant created art to benefit the elephants in human care as well as those in the wild.
According to the project's website, the training process is stimulating and based on positive support, and part of the group's job is to educate elephant trainers about how to safely and carefully train domesticated elephants. The result is a collection of different paintings that showcase elephants' individual artistic styles.
Funds gained from selling the paintings go to local communities that rely on elephants in tourism, as well as conservation agencies that reintroduce elephants into the wild and to fight illegal poaching in Southeast Asia.
5．What is the underlined phrase “on a whim” in Paragraph 2 closest to in meaning
A．Carefully. B．Slowly. C．Suddenly. D．Attentively.
6．What is the attitude of EARS toward the elephant training
A．Supportive. B．Disapprove. C．Neutral. D．Uncertain.
7．What do elephant trainers learn from AEACP
A．How to train elephants with more care.
B．How to use elephants to make more money.
C．How to introduce elephants again into the wild.
D．How to develop elephants' individual artistic styles.
C篇
One recent report found that adults in the US check their phones, on average, 344 times a day—once every four minutes—and spend almost three hours a day on their devices in total. The problem for many of us is that one quick phone related task leads to a quick check of our email or social media feeds, and suddenly we've been trapped into endless scrolling (刷屏).
What we do know is that the simple distraction of checking a phone or seeing a notification (通知) can have negative consequences. This isn't very surprising; we know that, in general, multitasking harms memory and performance. One of the most dangerous examples is phone use while driving. One study found that merely speaking on the phone, not texting, was enough to make drivers slower to react on the road. It's true for everyday tasks, too. Simply hearing a notification “ding” made participants of another study perform far worse on a task—almost as badly as participants who were speaking or texting on the phone during the task.
In one recent study, for example, researchers asked participants to either put their phones next to them so they were visible (like on a desk), nearby and out of sight (like in a bag or pocket), or in another room. Participants then completed a series of tasks to test their abilities to process and remember information, their problem solving, and their focus.
They were found to perform far better when their phones were in another room instead of nearby—whether visible, powered on or not. That held true even though most of the participants claimed not to be consciously thinking about their devices.
Our brains may be subconsciously hard at work on preventing the desire from checking our phones, or constantly monitoring the environment to see if we should check our phone (eg. waiting for a notification). Either way, this distracted attention can make doing anything else more difficult. The only “fix”， the researchers found, was putting the device in a different room entirely.
8．What did the recent report in Paragraph 1 find
A．Multitasking is very dangerous.
B．The notification is always heard.
C．People are addicted to mobile phones.
D．People like doing phone related tasks.
9．How is the text developed
A．By making comparisons.
B．By examining differences.
C．By following the order of importance.
D．By analyzing causes and giving examples.
10．What should you do to prevent the desire for checking phones
A．Do anything more difficult.
B．Use phones to do right things.
C．Monitor the environment around.
D．Stay away from phones entirely.
11．What would be the best title for the text
A．How Do We Avoid the Distraction of Phones
B．Why Are People Fond of Using Mobile Phones
C．What Should We Do When Buying Mobile Phones
D．How Do We Do Research by Using Mobile Phones
[答题区]
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
答案
二、阅读七选五
Do People Need Small Talk to Be Happy
Psychologists have long said that connecting with others is an important part of happiness, but just how much conversation we require is under examination. In one study, researchers found that small talk made up only 10% of the conversation related to happiness.__1__ Scientists believe that small talk can promote bonding. Late last year, Princeton researchers reported that small talk helped keep closeness with loved ones, and wasn't merely the stuff of awkward exchanges with strangers.
Still, chatting with strangers can brighten our morning. In a series of experiments, psychologists gave Chicago passengers different directions about whether to talk with fellow passengers—something they typically avoided. __2__ None of the passengers reported being rejected.
__3__ People who smiled at, made eye contact with, and briefly spoke with their Starbucks baristas (咖啡师) reported a greater sense of belonging than those who rushed through the transaction (交易).__4__ One report found that when volunteer broke the silence to chat with gallerygoers (常去美术馆的人), the visitors felt happier and more connected to the exhibit than those who were not approached.
Of course, some people are better than others at turning small talk into something bigger. In one study, people who were rated “less curious” had trouble getting a conversation rolling on their own, and had greater luck building closeness with others when they were supplied with questions that encouraged personal disclosure. But people who were considered “curious” needed no help when transforming conversations about ordinary things into personal exchanges. __5__
A．But don't play down small talk.
B．The same is true of gallerygoers.
C．Small talk can also help us feel connected to our surroundings.
D．Those told to chat with others reported a more pleasant journey.
E．A good way to approach small talk is to focus on a few broad topics.
F．A “curious mindset”， the author concluded, could lead to“positive social interactions”．
G．When done well, small talk is fun rather than dull, and relaxing rather than requiring effort.
[答题区]
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________
三、语法填空
A 10 year old Japanese golfer, Miroku Suto, would like to become the next Michelle Wie or Tiger Woods.
Both of those golfers became famous as young children. Woods went on to be one of the 1.________ (good) golfers of all time. And Wie gained attention for her early success and later won 2.________ US Women's Open in 2014.
Suto became well known in Japan for 3.________ (take) part in international golf events for very young children. She 4.________ (recent) went to a golf course near San Diego, California to play in the Junior World Golf Championships. She competed against other 9 and 10 year olds and finished in 17th place. She was 18 shots behind the winner.
While Suto has played well 5.________ smaller golf courses in other years, she has not done quite as well as she's gotten older. The course near San Diego covered about 3，800 meters and was a par 74 for her age group. Par is the term in golf 6.________ (use) to describe the number of shots most good players will need to finish 18 holes.
Suto was asked how she feels about reaching the same level as players such as Woods or Lorena Ochoa of Mexico, 7.________ won many Junior World titles. “No pressure，” Suto told the media. While she did not perform well recently in San Diego, Suto has won youth tournaments in the United States, Malaysia 8.________ Europe. She says she finds it “very difficult” to win 9.________ (compete). Suto said she aims to win six Junior World titles, the same number as Tiger Woods. She still has time to reach that goal, as she can keep playing in the competition until she 10.________ (turn) 18.
[答题区]
1．____________ 2.____________ 3.____________ 4.____________ 5.____________ 6．____________ 7.____________ 8.____________ 9.____________ 10.____________一轮组合训练(九)
一、阅读理解
A篇
Women Who Had Great Influences
Women can do amazing things. The following women had a great influence on the world we now live in, and achieved more in their lifetime than most of us ever dreamed about.
Emily Dickinson
Though she lived most of her life in seclusion (隐居), this astonishing poet is now read by millions. Born in 1830, she wrote countless poems before passing away in 1886. She rose to enormous fame after her death, when most of her poetry was published. Her poetic style is still appreciated and mimicked (模仿) today.
Susan B. Anthony
Anthony believed in the rights of women, the end of slavery and workers' rights. Born in 1820, she dedicated her life to ensuring that all those around her would be considered equal in the eyes of the law. By the time she died in 1906, she was at the forefront of numerous causes for human rights.
Mother Teresa
This Catholic nun was born in 1910, and during her long lifetime she helped thousands of people who were sick, starving, and otherwise hurting. She was an icon of selfless service, and inspired others to follow in her footsteps. Known throughout the world for her kindness, she was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1979, and millions mourned when she passed away in 1997.
Malala Yousafzai
At a very young age she became a symbol of women's rights, especially the right to an education. Unfortunately, this young woman was shot in the head by the Taliban for daring to go to school and encourage others to do the same. Born in 1997, Malala is an example of a woman who is changing the world right now.
1．What makes Emily Dickinson different from the other three women
A．She was born royal.
B．She became well known after her death.
C．She fought for freedom of women and workers.
D．She won the Nobel Prize for her considerable achievements.
2．What do we know about Mother Teresa
A．She died at the age of 78.
B．She was born in the 19th century.
C．She devoted herself to helping the weak.
D．She called on people to have equal rights.
3．What do Susan B. Anthony and Malala Yousafzai have in common
A．They both lived in the 1900s.
B．They both fought for the rights of women.
C．They both aimed at serving others selflessly.
D．They both had a great effect on the equality of law.
B篇
Three scientists have won the Nobel Prize in Physics for their work in helping to understand “the evolution of the universe and the Earth's place in the cosmos (宇宙).”
Half of the $918，000 in prize money will go to Canadian born James Peebles, a retired professor at Princeton University in the United States. The Nobel Committee on Physics praised his theoretical (理论的) discoveries in cosmology—the science of the beginnings and development of the universe.
Scientists have praised Peebles as one of the most influential cosmologists of his time. They say he recognized the importance of the cosmic radiation background that was left over from a huge explosion billions of years ago. Scientists call the explosion “the Big Bang”. The Nobel Committee said Peebles' theories about the cosmos led to “the foundation of our modern understanding of the universe's history, from the Big Bang to the present day.” Peebles laughed repeatedly when he spoke by telephone with The Associated Press (AP). He talked about answering the phone before sunrise and thinking that “it's either something very wonderful or it's something horrible.”
The other half of the award will go to Michael Mayor and Didier Queloz, both of whom are from the University of Geneva in Switzerland. In 1995, the two men announced the first discovery of an exoplanet—a planet outside our solar system—that orbits a sun like star. Queloz also works at the University of Cambridge in England.
Queloz was meeting with other scientists interested in finding new planets when the press office at Cambridge University told him the big news: He had won the Nobel Prize. He thought it was a joke at first.
“I could barely breathe，” Queloz told the AP. “It's enormous. It's beyond usual emotions. My hand was shaking for a long time.”
4．How much money will Peebles get from the Nobel Prize
A．$918，000. B．$459，000. C．$409，000. D．$229，750.
5．Why could Michael Mayor and Didier Queloz win the Nobel Prize
A．They made a theoretical discovery.
B．They had a great influence on studying the universe.
C．They made a great breakthrough in studying the Earth.
D．They discovered an exoplanet for the first time in history.
6．What did Queloz think of his winning the Nobel Prize
A．It was funny.
B．It was stressful.
C．It was unbelievable.
D．It was due to his efforts.
7．Where does the text probably come from
A．A science magazine.
B．A technology report.
C．An education report.
D．A story about famous people.
C篇
Beneath a castle of 80 foot cliffs is a 3 mile stretch of sand and tide pools—a California tourism poster if there ever was one. Nothing disturbs the perfect, sunny view, except—once you notice them—microplastic particles. But you have to look close—on your hands and knees—to see one. And once you do, you see another and another—so many that you may not think of this or any beach in the same way again. These tiny preproduction plastic balls that manufacturers melt down to form everything have been escaping from factories, container ships, trains, trucks and escaping public notice for decades.
The 2 to 3 millimeter multicolored balls are a subset (子集) of microplastic particles less than 5 millimeters in size. Microplastic particles accumulate where water takes them, and they've been found on shorelines of every continent.
Mark McReynolds is an environmental scientist who's now joined a global movement studying their trail into the environment. Establishing a baseline count of the presence of microplastic particles—and, more broadly, any microplastics—is the focus of Dr McReynolds' scientific study here. Charting the count and noting tides, currents and weather conditions will show if amounts are increasing, and perhaps will show that amounts are at what rate and why. That knowledge, he says, can inform solutions to plastic pollution such as regulation of their use.
“What are you doing Picking up trash？” asks a steady stream of beach walkers whenever Dr McReynolds' crew walks onto the beach and sets up equipment. These are teachable moments for Dr McReynolds.
One recent morning he told some beach walkers how microplastic particles are believed to absorb toxic chemicals, and—because they resemble fish eggs—are eaten by fish and birds and enter the food chain. Almost right on time, a seagull hopped up to a plastic coated photo of microplastic particles and hungrily pecked (啄食) at it.
Will his work help save the world Dr McReynolds waves a finger at that idea, “I won't ever use that word—I won't save the world from this pollution problem. Protect it, yes. We want to take care of it.”
8．What do we know about microplastic particles from Paragraph 1
A．They are too small to be seen.
B．They are products of plastic balls.
C．They have been ignored for long.
D．They can be made into almost nothing.
9．What does Dr McReynolds focus on in his study
A．Classifying plastic particles into subsets.
B．Finding solutions to plastic pollution.
C．Charting the tides and currents of oceans.
D．Creating data collection for microplastics.
10．What does a seagull's pecking at the picture prove
A．The interesting teachable moments.
B．The harmful effect of microplastic particles.
C．The spread of poisonous chemicals.
D．The beauty of the photo of microplastic particles.
11．What does Dr McReynolds expect of his work
A．To educate the public.
B．To provide solutions.
C．To preserve the earth.
D．To save the world.
[答题区]
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
答案
二、完形填空
A woman who lost one leg to cancer is seeking to break a world record by completing 102 marathon length runs in 102 days. A marathon is a __1__ that goes about 42 kilometers. Jacky Hunt Broersma, who lives in the western American state of Arizona, set her __2__ in mid January. And every day since then, she has been running the __3__ of a marathon.
She __4__ the bottom half of her left leg to a rare form of cancer in 2001. “The biggest struggle was __5__ that part of my body was gone，” she said. She said that until five years ago, she was not very active. But then she __6__ running and decided to give it a try. “Running really __7__ my life，” she said. “It helped me accept myself as an amputee (被截肢者). It gave me a sense of freedom. I fell in love with the process of pushing my body __8__ just to see what I could do.”
However, she has __9__ both physical and mental difficulties during her record breaking attempt. On one recent day, Hunt Broersma said she felt near collapse (崩溃) at 24 kilometers and began to __10__ . In that moment, she felt like her planned goal might not happen at all. With the __11__ of her husband and children, she kept on running. One of her recent runs was the world famous Boston Marathon in Boston, Massachusetts. She finished that race, __12__ on April 18, with a time of 5 hours, 5 minutes.
As she nears the end of her goal, Hunt Broersma is hoping to __13__ a single thought in others, regardless of their own physical __14__ . She tells people, “You're stronger than you think—and you're __15__ of so much more.”
1．A.road B．race C．record D．process
2．A.time B．clock C．scene D．goal
3．A.distance B．competition C．business D．event
4．A.destroyed B．wounded C．recovered D．lost
5．A.imagining B．realizing C．accepting D．doubting
6．A.went through B．looked into C．learned from D．got across
7．A.changed B．harmed C．challenged D．understood
8．A.harder B．faster C．further D．higher
9．A.overcome B．estimated C．won D．faced
10．A.dance B．cry C．celebrate D．dash
11．A.support B．praise C．criticism D．direction
12．A.happened B．visited C．held D．attended
13．A.discover B．prepare C．show D．inspire
14．A.conditions B．advantages C．limitations D．education
15．A.afraid B．capable C．generous D．aware
[答题区]
1～5 ________________ 6～10 ________________ 11～15 ________________一轮组合训练(六)
一、阅读理解
A篇
Wordle has become one of the most popular online games in the United States since it came out last October. Players get six chances to guess and learn a five letter word for the day. Many are sharing their game results on social media, adding more interest in the game.
Creative teachers have long found games could make their classes more enjoyable for students. During the pandemic, many have looked for new ways or games to help their students learn. It is part of a learning theory called “gamification (游戏化)” to keep students' interest.
Beyond Wordle, here are other games that help learners with different subjects.
British data scientist Richard Mann of London thought there should be a game for people who like math. And then he developed Nerdle. It is a daily game in which a player has six tries to guess a math solution. Math teachers note that a Nerdle player uses logic, a careful way of thinking about something, to solve a math problem. It is similar to how a Wordle player applies logic to guessing a word.
Worldle is a game for geography. Don't confuse Wordle with Worldle. There is an extra letter “l” in Worldle. French video game developer Antoine Teuf said he invented Worldle in honor of that word game, Wordle. Players guess a country based on its shape. They get six tries to guess a country based on information about the country. Teuf first shared the game on January 22. He said there are two million visits a day to the game's page a month later.
Teachers of English see word games as a way for students to learn new words. Other word games include Blooket and Flippity. Teachers create quizzes in Blooket similar to the kinds of games students play on mobile devices. They can look at results and see areas that students can improve. In Flippity, teachers can create flash cards, rewards, spelling quizzes, memory games and word searches from a simple spreadsheet (电子表格程序). It is also a good tool for students to create their own projects.
1．Which subject does NOT the author mention
A．English. B．Math. C．Geography. D．Physics.
2．What do teachers of English think about word games
A．They waste students' valuable time.
B．They are a good way for students to learn new words.
C．They are the things that can be played after class.
D．They can't be changed to suit students' particular needs.
3．What can we learn from the last paragraph
A．Word games can only be used on mobile devices.
B．The spelling quizzes might lead to students' stress.
C．Students can learn by themselves with word games.
D．Students can rely on word games to learn English.
B篇
[2023·新课标Ⅱ卷，B]Turning soil, pulling weeds, and harvesting cabbage sound like tough work for middle and high school kids. And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at four low income schools. The program aims to help students develop science skills, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles.
Jaramillo's students live in neighborhoods where fresh food and green space are not easy to find and fast food restaurants outnumber grocery stores. “The kids literally come to school with bags of snacks and large bottles of soft drinks，” she says. “They come to us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful.” Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new.
Urban Sprouts' classes, at two middle schools and two high schools, include hands on experiments such as soil testing, flower and seed dissection, tastings of fresh or dried produce, and work in the garden. Several times a year, students cook the vegetables they grow, and they occasionally make salads for their entire schools.
Program evaluations show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes. “We have students who say they went home and talked to their parents and now they're eating differently，” Jaramillo says.
She adds that the program's benefits go beyond nutrition. Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo's special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues. “They get outside，” she says, “and they feel successful.”
4．What do we know about Abby Jaramillo
A．She used to be a health worker.
B．She grew up in a low income family.
C．She owns a fast food restaurant.
D．She is an initiator of Urban Sprouts.
5．What was a problem facing Jaramillo at the start of the program
A．The kids' parents distrusted her.
B．Students had little time for her classes.
C．Some kids disliked garden work.
D．There was no space for school gardens.
6．Which of the following best describes the impact of the program
A．Far reaching. B．Predictable. C．Short lived. D．Unidentifiable.
7．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．Rescuing School Gardens
B．Experiencing Country Life
C．Growing Vegetable Lovers
D．Changing Local Landscape
C篇
Will artificial intelligence (AI) replace my job This is a question that many people think about these days. At present, the application of AI robotics in professional fields, as well as ChatGPT's abilities to write essays, solve complex problems and more, has heightened moral concerns.
Some people see AI as the ultimate cure for society's most fundamental problems, while others fear that AI will overtake human intelligence. These two views are based on the assumption that AI is better and smarter than humanity and may ultimately replace human decision making. But given the fact that technology is the product of human civilization, the challenge from AI is something we have created for ourselves as we keep pushing back our own boundaries. In other words, AI's progress, functions and future direction are all determined by the human brain.
Before AI becomes a threat to humanity, the international community should reach an agreement on the role it is to play. More importantly, related laws and regulations must ensure that AI will benefit society and prevent it from threatening human life. Robots, for example, are believed to develop emotional intelligence sometime, which enables them to recognize, understand and express emotions in a way that is similar to humans', but we must avoid AI copying human emotions. Without legal restrictions, AI may become a social disaster.
The AI driven new industrial revolution (革命) is irreversible. This, like previous ones, which introduced changes that had been unimaginable before, will certainly affect human employment. But it always turned out that humanity was able to adapt to each industrial revolution and create new forms of employment. Therefore, it's unnecessary to worry AI will replace our jobs. While technology advances at a rapid pace, what we need to do is welcome the AI era rather than block its unfolding for fear of the unknown.
8．Why are some people concerned about AI
A．It has been applied widely.
B．It has led to social problems.
C．It may outsmart humans.
D．It is the product of humanity.
9．How can we prevent AI's potential threat
A．By stirring emotions.
B．By setting restrictions.
C．By blocking functions.
D．By changing regulations.
10．What does the underlined word “irreversible” in the last paragraph mean
A．Undesirable.
B．Unbelievable.
C．Unpredictable.
D．Unavoidable.
11．What does the writer suggest readers do with the coming of the AI era
A．Deal with it positively.
B．Accept it passively.
C．Respond to it randomly.
D．Defend it unconditionally.
[答题区]
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
答案
二、阅读七选五
Lemon water is pretty popular. It's offered as a free upgrade to regular water at pretty many restaurants. __1__， others are devotees of the possible health benefits. Here's what may happen if you take up the lemon water habit.
Get easier weight loss
Studies in mice indicate that the antioxidants (抗氧化剂) in lemons can reduce weight gain despite a high fat diet. More studies are needed to determine if the results can be applied to humans, but anecdotal evidence is favorable. People who drink lemon water regularly report easier weight loss, though it is unclear if the combination of lemon and water is the fundamental driver. __2__.
Enough vitamin C
Vitamin C is an important antioxidant that has a ton of health benefits. It can only be gotten from food as our bodies don't produce it alone. Getting your RDA (Recommended Daily Allowance) of vitamin C can lower the risk of heart disease, stroke, and high blood pressure. Vitamin C is good for your skin and bonds with free radicals (自由基) that accelerate aging. __3__， but they're a great source nevertheless.
Stabilized moods
Studies have found that smelling lemon scent reduces stress hormones that regulate mood. Drinking lemon water offers this benefit as well as the vitamins and potassium (钾) in the fruit. __4__， and high blood pressure is related to stress, so not getting enough potassium can certainly affect your mood. All in all, lemon water can be a calming drink.
In the end, drinking water is never a bad call, and there is absolutely no reason not to add lemon to it. Drinking lemon water provides some helpful nutrients and antioxidants. Give it a try! __5__.
A．There is nothing to lose
B．Lemons aren't the highest in vitamin C
C．While some people drink it simply because of its taste
D．Potassium plays a huge part in regulating blood pressure
E．If adding lemon to water can encourage people to drink more
F．Lemon is a common smell in all manner of cleaning products
G．It could be that drinking more water helps dieters to feel full and avoid overeating
[答题区]
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________
三、语法填空
A 14 year old student from San Antonio, Texas, has won the Scripps National Spelling Bee 1.________ her fourth attempt.
Harini Logan's victory came late Thursday in the first ever spell off tiebreaker of the competition. Logan spelled 21 words 2.________ (correct) during the 90 second spell off. That was six more than her opponent, 12 year old Vikram Raju of Aurora, Colorado. The judges said the winning word was “moorhen”， 3.________ means a female, red grouse (松鸡) bird.
Grace Walters 4.________ (train) Logan in spelling for some time. She said, “Harini has been to hell 5.________ back with her spelling bee experiences.” Harini revealed she was afraid when the spell off was introduced last year, 6.________ (say), “I go slow. That's my thing. I didn't know how I would perform in that setting.” Over the past few months, Harini prepared for the 7.________ (possible) of the competition. And on Thursday, Harini won the $50，000 in prizes. She is 8.________ first ever spelling bee champion to have been reinstated (使重返岗位) during the competition.
The Scripps National Spelling Bee takes place in Washington, D．C. It has been held since 1925. Vikram Raju came in second. He said, “I just had to be a little 9.________ (fast).” He hopes to return next year. The spelling bee returned to in person competition this year after 10.________ (hold) mostly online last year.
“In the end, it's all been worth it，” Walters said. “This is the ending Harini deserves.”
[答题区]
1．____________ 2.____________ 3.____________ 4.____________ 5.____________ 6．____________ 7.____________ 8.____________ 9.____________ 10.___________一轮组合训练(二十五)
一、阅读理解
A篇
Ballet
Ballet teaches grace, posture (姿势) and flexibility. Students focus on the use of proper ballet items, expanding their knowledge of classical ballet techniques and improving motor skills for classical ballet practice. The class is a formal ballet class.
Age: 8—10
Date: September 7, 2021—May 16, 2022
Time: 10：30 am—12：00 am on Saturdays
Creative Movers
Students can explore creative movement, balance, focus, the development of skills, motor planning and balance. The class helps build strength, flexibility and self confidence, and allows children to realize expression in a positive and encouraging environment. Children use their imagination to celebrate movement and have lots of fun.
Age: 3—5
Date: September 7, 2021—January 18, 2022
Time: 9：00 am—9：45 am on Saturdays
Jazz
Jazz includes movements from both classical ballet and dance techniques. This class will focus on traditional Jazz dance. Students will be introduced to jazz style rhythms and movements. In order to ensure proper placement for your child, we invite all students to participate in a sample (示例) class. Students and parents work with program staff to meet students' personal dance goals.
Age: 5—6
Date: September 7, 2021—May 16, 2022
Time: 2：00 pm—3：00 pm on Saturdays
Hip Hop
Students will be introduced to several different aspects of hip hop dance including Popping, Locking, Breaking and Tutting in a high energy environment. Our hip hop skilled instructors will provide students with a wonderful view of hip hop dance.
Age: 7—10
Date: September 7, 2021—May 16, 2022
Time: 1：00 pm—2：00 pm on Sundays
1．Which class is suitable for 4 year old children
A．Ballet. B．Creative Movers. C．Jazz. D．Hip Hop.
2．What can students do in the jazz class
A．Make use of all the ballet items.
B．Learn the long history of jazz.
C．Dance with famous modern jazz dancers.
D．Get to know jazz style rhythms and movements.
3．What is special about the hip hop class
A．It is open in the afternoon.
B．It is available on Sundays.
C．It teaches traditional dances.
D．It has the most skilled teachers.
B篇
A waitress who lost her job during the coronavirus pandemic has kick started her own career as a businesswoman and baker. She turned one of her lockdown (隔离) hobbies into a business that brings her a lot of money.
Mona Route, 27, was let go from her server job at an airport in Melbourne, Australia, when COVID 19 hit in March 2020, and the new found time on her hands left her feeling “so bored”. With nothing else to do, Mona decided to take up baking as a hobby to pass the time and soon found herself trying out experimental dessert recipes (配方)—which eventually led her to start her own cookie business. The former waitress said, “I was so bored. That's when I started baking.”
Mona's loaded cookie recipes became her “cheat meal” when she was on her mission (目的) to lose weight, and the massive snacks are made up of baked cookie dough that surrounds a sweet filling. The cookies quickly became a hit with her family and friends, and when her dad suggested she start selling the sweet treats, the woman set up Mona's Treats with 15 unique cookie flavors to choose from.
The keen baker created an account on the Internet and spent ￡282 on ingredients for her first industrial sized batch (批量). At first, Mona was selling around 30 to 40 cookies a month, but she now has a monthly average of 450 orders—leaving her waking up at 2 am to keep up with demand. During the height of lockdown, Mona was selling as many as 700 cookies a month. Mona currently makes an impressive ￡1，700 every month from selling cookies in addition to her main occupation, and has turned over ￡14，000 since she started up.
The cook, who runs her business from her parents' kitchen, is even hoping to transition into baking full time when she can reach 1，500 orders a month. She said, “Hopefully one day I can do this in a commercial kitchen.”
4．What made Mona feel “so bored”？
A．Working as a server at an airport.
B．Much free time in the lockdown.
C．Experimenting with new recipes.
D．Doing cookie business all day long.
5．What was Mona's purpose of the loaded cookie recipes at the beginning
A．She wanted to lose weight.
B．She wanted to develop a hobby.
C．She wanted to set up a business.
D．She wanted to be a fine baker.
6．What can we infer from the passage
A．Mona was successful in losing weight.
B．Mona is very kind and generous.
C．Mona preferred baking to working as a server.
D．Mona's cookies have become popular.
7．What can we learn from Mona's experience
A．One can have many ways to lose weight.
B．One should work hard to earn a living.
C．A hobby can be turned into a business.
D．Parents are important in one's career.
C篇
The success of many North American crops partly depends on ground beetles, small insects that eat pests and weed seeds that could otherwise damage crops. But a new study by researchers in the U. S. and Canada suggests not all of the nearly 2，000 species of ground beetles found in North America will survive climate change. Some could decline. And that could have a far reaching impact on agriculture, forestry, and conservation.
By analyzing data on 136 different ground beetle species across continental North America, Puerto Rico and Hawaii, the researchers found that a species' chance of success in a changing climate depends on several important factors, such as its habitat preference, body size, and whether it flies, climbs or runs.
“We found that less mobile, nonflying ground beetles, which are critical pest control agents, are more likely to decline over time in a warmer, drier climate，” said Tong Qiu, who led the study. “That means you're going to have more pests that can impact agricultural and forest ecosystems.” But there is reason for hope, Qiu added, because the analysis also showed that habitat conservation could lessen these effects and reverse the trends in some areas.
“We hope conservation biologists will use this information and the online map that we created to better manage habitats for insects in general. Ground beetles are very beneficial to ecosystems, but they're largely invisible to the average person. In this paper we're showing the broad impacts they have on whole communities in forest and agricultural ecosystems，” said Qiu.
The researchers used ground beetle count data from the National Science Foundation's National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON) and from 11 previously published studies to measure and map the beetles' distribution across North America. Habitat information, such as the location of gaps in forest canopies and the density of plants on the forest floor, was obtained by using NEON's imaging instruments to create detailed three dimensional images of landscapes. They then entered the data collected into a computer model to simulate (模拟) climate change to study how the insects would respond.
8．What does the new study in North America show
A．Pests could destroy crops.
B．Some ground beetles will not survive climate change.
C．The survival of ground beetles only depends on its habitat.
D．Some ground beetles will destroy crops in a warmer climate.
9．What does Tong Qiu intend to convey in Paragraphs 3 and 4
A．There is no way to stop the decline of ground beetles.
B．Critical pests are more adaptable in a warmer, drier climate.
C．Ground beetles will become less mobile in a warmer climate.
D．The importance of ground beetles should be widely recognized.
10．How did the research team carry out the study
A．By analyzing data.
B．By studying documents.
C．By doing field research.
D．By performing experiments.
11．What can be the best title for the text
A．North American Agriculture Crops at Risk
B．Catastrophic Climate Change on the Way
C．Crop saving Beetles under Climate Threat
D．New Breakthrough in Biodiversity Research
[答题区]
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
答案
二、完形填空
Our four year old son has some health problems, so we go to the local children's hospital frequently. Stressful as that is for us, my __1__ to that hospital always leave me feeling __2__ because of “the other doors”．
As I walk on the corridors of the hospital, I pass doors __3__ different departments. I pass the department where specialists __4__ children who have been __5__ burned, and the department where children with cancer spend their childhoods __6__ a disease that terrifies most adults.
Two weeks ago, our son was in the hospital for several days having __7__. One evening, it was late and I walked to the waiting room. Only one family __8__， and their doctor arrived from surgery. He told them about the patient's __9__—the serious car accident left __10__ facial damage, which needed a dozen more operations and meant a lifetime of disfigurement (毁容). I sat, half listening and __11__ the doors this family would face in the years ahead.
I walked back to the door behind which our son was slowly __12__ from surgery. In a strange way, I was grateful for the “__13__” that we lived with, because there were a hundred other doors that were far __14__ and we could just as __15__ be in one of those rooms.
As you pray for strength to open the doors you face, be sure to be thankful that you are not in these doors.
1．A.attitudes B．intentions C．suggestions D．visits
2．A.grateful B．regretful C．discouraged D．satisfied
3．A.closing to B．depending on C．leading to D．moving toward
4．A.treat B．persuade C．dress D．test
5．A.slightly B．tragically C．carefully D．gradually
6．A.valuing B．spreading C．studying D．battling
7．A.lessons B．surgery C．sports D．meetings
8．A.remained B．lived C．arrived D．worked
9．A.spirits B．weaknesses C．plans D．injuries
10．A.small B．serious C．shallow D．ugly
11．A.shutting B．moving C．considering D．facing
12．A.recovering B．waking C．suffering D．returning
13．A.hospital B．kindness C．situation D．occupation
14．A.better B．worse C．bigger D．fresher
15．A.nervously B．constantly C．mostly D．easily
[答题区]
1～5 ________________ 6～10 ________________ 11～15 ________________一轮组合训练(十五)
一、阅读理解
A篇
Four Featured Programs
Juniper Young Writers Online
Make progress on your creative writing projects this summer with Juniper Young Writers Online! Produce new writing, explore different genres, and learn revision strategies in craft sessions, workshops, and one on one meetings with creative writing instructors. Choose a one or two week session. With daily live meetings, participants have the opportunity to discuss their work and in depth writing topics with their instructors and peers.
More Information: 413 545 8988
Penn Summer High School Programs
Summer at the University of Pennsylvania delivers the challenge of an Ivy League curriculum to talented high school students seeking a precollege (大学预科的) academic experience. Students explore dynamic subjects, engage with leading teachers, and build intellectual connections during accelerated two ，three ， or six week programs.
More Information: 301 405 7762
Center for Global Youth Leadership
Center for Global Youth Leadership inspires middle and high school students to be creators of ideas and not simply consumers that marketers target. It aims to attract domestic students and those from abroad to unite, offering innovative and creative solutions to the most pressing challenges of their generation. The unique student leaders work together in a group that is based on problems, driven by curiosity, and fully experiential.
More Information: 215 898 7326
California Actors Workshop
California Actors Workshop offers a concentrated summer training experience in the art and craft of acting. Young actors have the opportunity to learn the crucial skills of building characters and expressing interior emotions physically and vocally. Students discover not only how to express themselves individually but also how to work as a team, gaining valuable leadership skills while having fun and making friends.
More Information: 510 548 6612
1．What is special about Juniper Young Writers Online
A．It lasts for two weeks.
B．Its participants can meet the instructor one on one.
C．It aims at appealing to students worldwide.
D．Its participants can get academic experience.
2．What can you do if you attend Penn Summer High School Programs
A．Learn some college lessons ahead.
B．Make friends with students from abroad.
C．Gain valuable and useful leadership skills.
D．Take part in various creative writing projects.
3．What do Center for Global Youth Leadership and California Actors Workshop have in common
A．They both encourage students to express emotions.
B．They both concentrate on the new generation' s challenges.
C．They both contribute to improving students' ability to cooperate.
D．They both offer the opportunity to learn key skills from foreign students.
B篇
When Andres Valencia starts drawing at school, his friends gather around to watch. And they are not the only ones who have noticed his talent. The 10 year old has surprised the art world as Andres makes his first global auction (拍卖) this month.
The Californian art prodigy (神童) first picked up a paintbrush when he was five and now sells his pieces for tens of thousands of dollars. Young Californian artist Andres Valencia, 10, has been called “Little Picasso”．
He uses a stepladder to create his larger works and his talent was spotted early by his parents. They encouraged his work, which is influenced by Pablo Picasso, but just want him to enjoy painting.
“To be quite honest, we try not to talk too much about it in front of him，” his father, Mr Valencia, said. “We certainly don't refer to him as a prodigy or anything like that. We just keep it simple with him.”
Mr Valencia said that he and his wife had resisted calls to homeschool their son so that he could focus more on painting. “We want him to go to school like a normal kid，” he said. “And because he's 10, he's not like a lot of artists—they go to work for six, eight, ten hours a day painting. He paints after school and on weekends, but he also plays with his friends.”
Andres earned global recognition at Miami Art Week last December. Art Miami director Nick Korniloff said that experts were impressed before they knew Andres' age. Mr Korniloff said, “We've had everybody attend our shows, all great celebrities and personalities, but this little brought__the__house__down．”
Mr Korniloff refused to predict what the primary school student's work may be worth to future investors but was certain it would last. “The work holds the wall just as good as anything else I've seen in a long career，” he said.
4．What do we learn about Andres Valencia
A．He lived under his parents' pressure.
B．His talent was first noticed by his friends.
C．He won global attention at the age of 9.
D．His dream is to become another Picasso.
5．Why did Andres Valencia's parents refuse to homeschool their son
A．To make him live a normal life.
B．To make him paint longer hours.
C．To enable him to get help from art teachers.
D．To enable him to get better education at school.
6．What does the underlined phrase “brought the house down” probably mean
A．Met with criticism.
B．Gained appreciation.
C．Moved the audience.
D．Attracted no attention.
7．What did Mr Korniloff think of Andres Valencia's future
A．He voiced his doubts.
B．He showed no interest.
C．He conveyed his concern.
D．He expressed his confidence.
C篇
The Roman Colosseum was built almost two thousand years ago. Despite its age and a 14th century earthquake that knocked down the south side, most of the 150 some feet building is still standing. Scientists and engineers have long suspected a key to the building's durability (耐用性) is the use of specific Roman concrete. But exactly how this solid concrete has contributed to the architecture's strength has been a mystery to researchers across the globe.
A team of researchers recently discovered a potential answer to why these ancient Roman buildings have been able to weather the test of time while many modern concrete structures seem to fall apart after a few decades. The answer is self healing concrete.
The material has three components: limestone (石灰岩), volcanic material and water. What the researchers found was that the self healing feature might be simply caused by chemistry accidentally. The limestone in the concrete is likely the secret.
When the ancient Romans made mortar (灰浆), they heated up the lime to turn it into a substance called “quicklime”. And, because they introduced water into the quicklime during mixing, the heat it produced set up a chemical foundation that could strengthen the concrete later. When tiny cracks started to form later, the quicklime stopped them from becoming bigger. When it rained, the lime reacted with the water to recombine into various forms of calcium carbonate (碳酸钙), quickly filling the crack or reacted with the volcanic ash to “heal” the material.
For materials scientist Ainissa Ramirez, this new understanding of ancient Roman concrete is a welcome discovery. “This is one way that the material can be more environmentally friendly，” says Ramirez. “It's sort of like a message in a bottle. The Romans made the material. We had to kind of figure out how they did it so that we can make better materials—and then, you know, in turn, be better protectors of our environment.”
8．What can we learn from Paragraph 1
A．The secret of Roman concrete has been revealed.
B．The Roman Colosseum was built in the 14th century.
C．The whole Roman Colosseum survived the earthquake.
D．Roman concrete is essential to the architecture's strength.
9．What does the underlined word “weather” in Paragraph 2 mean
A．Take. B．Stand. C．Avoid. D．Fail.
10．What do we know about the self healing process
A．The lime itself could fill the crack later.
B．The quicklime should be made on rainy days.
C．The chemical foundation could weaken the concrete.
D．Combining water and quicklime would produce heat.
11．What can be inferred from Ramirez's words
A．People can be inspired to make greener materials.
B．The secret of Roman concrete is hidden in a bottle.
C．Roman concrete has greatly improved the environment.
D．Roman concrete is popular in making modern architecture.
[答题区]
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
答案
二、完形填空
[2023·新课标Ⅱ卷]In April last year, I saw a post on the PNP (Pilots N Paws) website from a family in Topeka. They had to move to Virginia but they were on a very tight __1__. They could not afford to pay for __2__ for their dog, Tiffy, and __3__ wanted to take her with them.
It just __4__ that I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen, who __5__ to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia. What I was to do was fly to Topeka to __6__ Tiffy.
When I met Tiffy's owners, they seemed very __7__. George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was __8__ for him, having to leave his dog to a __9__ and trust that everything would __10__.
After some goodbyes, I asked George and his wife to help me __11__ Tiffy into the plane. I promised to take care of Tiffy and __12__ them as soon as we got to Kansas City.
The flight was __13__， and Tiffy was a great passenger. The next day, she __14__ with Karen and made it back to George in Virginia within a few days. He was so __15__ and sent me a nice e mail with pictures. It felt great to know that I had helped bring this family together again.
1．A.turn B．budget C．schedule D．connection
2．A.food B．shelter C．medicine D．transportation
3．A.desperately B．temporarily C．secretly D．originally
4．A.appeared B．proved C．happened D．showed
5．A.waited B．offered C．hurried D．failed
6．A.see off B．look for C．hand over D．pick up
7．A.confused B．nervous C．annoyed D．curious
8．A.hard B．fine C．common D．lucky
9．A.coworker B．passenger C．stranger D．neighbor
10．A.speed up B．work out C．come back D．take off
11．A.feed B．follow C．change D．load
12．A.call B．join C．leave D．serve
13．A.unnecessary B．unexpected C．unavoidable D．uneventful
14．A.returned B．fought C．flew D．agreed
15．A.thankful B．generous C．proud D．sympathetic
[答题区]
1～5 ________________ 6～10 ________________ 11～15 ________________一轮组合训练(二十九)
一、阅读理解
A篇
Four Amazing Temples in the World
Temples have existed for thousands of years. They are the proof of cultures and civilization that existed many years ago.
Gobekli Tepe, Turkey
Located on a hilltop in southwestern Turkey where it snows a lot in winter, the Gobekli Tepe is considered the world's oldest temple. It is nearly 11，000 years old. There are carvings on the rock statues, mainly of lions, foxes, snakes, cranes and wild ducks, as well as scenes of people hunting. Because heavy snow makes it hard to get to the top of the hill, visitors are not recommended to go there in winters.
White Temple, Thailand
Immediately upon entering White Temple, you will realize this contemporary, unconventional temple stands out, even in a country dotted with temples. The White Temple is incredibly different and unique in its architecture, art and design. In fact, it is designed in a very modern way. This temple is all white. It is very hot in summer in Thailand, so going to White Temple in other three seasons is a wise choice.
Sagrada Familia, Spain
This symbolic Barcelona building is famously unfinished. It is said to be finished by 2026, but nobody believes it. However, visitors believe its incompleteness is part of its charm, which sets it apart from other temples in the world. You will have to wait in a long line if you visit Sagrada Familia in summer holiday. Visitors are not that many in spring and winter.
Kinkaku ji, Japan
This temple is absolutely the most popular one in Japan. Whether you visit during the fall when there are red leaves against the golden wall, in winter when the gold is topped with pure white snow, in spring with cherry blossoms, or in summer allowing you to smell the earthy smell after rain—there is never a bad time to visit this beautiful temple.
1．Which temple will you choose to go if you are a fan of modern architecture
A．Kinkaku ji.
B．Gobekli Tepe.
C．White Temple.
D．Sagrada Familia.
2．Why is Sagrada Familia so special according to the text
A．It is all white.
B．It is unfinished.
C．It is untraditional.
D．It is the oldest temple.
3．Which temple is favorable for visitors to go all year round
A．Kinkaku ji. B．Gobekli Tepe. C．White Temple. D．Sagrada Familia.
B篇
On May 7，2022, a mountain climber from Nepal set a new world record for climbing Mount Qomolangma the most times. Kami Rita, who's 52, has now climbed Mount Qomolangma 26 times.
Mount Qomolangma is the world's highest mountain. The mountain is so high that the air is thin. This makes it hard to breathe and remain active. The ice and snow on the mountain, along with cold temperatures and strong winds, make the climb difficult and dangerous. Over 300 people have died trying to climb Mount Qomolangma.
Many of the most talented guides, like Kami Rita and Tenzing Norgay, are from a group of people called Sherpas. The Sherpas live in the Himalayan mountains. They have the knowledge and the skills needed to help foreign climbers become successful in their efforts.
Kami Rita comes from a mountain climbing family. Kami Rita has been climbing mountains for over 35 years. He climbed Mount Qomolangma for the first time in 1994. Since then, he has climbed the mountain almost every year.
In 2019, Kami Rita broke his own record twice in less than a week. He climbed Mount Qomolangma for the 23rd time on May 15. Just six days later, he climbed it for the 24th time.
Though Kami Rita is an expert on Mount Qomolangma, he's also climbed many other high mountains in the Himalayas. He holds the world record for climbing the most mountains taller than 8，000 meters. In all, he's climbed 38 mountains taller than 8，000 meters.
It's not clear how long Kami Rita will continue to set climbing records. He has said that he could probably continue to climb until he's sixty. He once said he would retire after climbing Mount Qomolangma 25 times.
Kami Rita says he and his family became guides because they didn't have money for education. But he doesn't want his own children to become climbing guides. He is happy that they can go to school and won't need to be exposed to the risks and dangers of mountain climbing.
4．What is special about Kami Rita
A．He tried climbing Mount Qomolangma earliest.
B．He reached the top of Mount Qomolangma first.
C．He is the oldest challenger of climbing Mount Qomolangma.
D．He conquered Mount Qomolangma the most times.
5．What's the second paragraph mainly about
A．The real height of Mount Qomolangma.
B．The natural conditions of Mount Qomolangma.
C．The difficulty of climbing Mount Qomolangma.
D．The popularity of climbing Mount Qomolangma.
6．What happened to Kami Rita in 2019
A．He climbed Mount Qomolangma twice.
B．He began to climb Mount Qomolangma.
C．He broke the world record for the first time.
D．He climbed other mountains in the Himalayas.
7．What does Kami Rita expect his children to do
A．Climb Mount Qomolangma.
B．Get a good education.
C．Become climbing guides.
D．Challenge what's impossible.
C篇
A well known social media platform once made the headlines for limiting likes in an effort to reduce the comparisons and hurt feelings resulting from attaching popularity to sharing content. “This is a small step in the right direction，” says Jacqueline Sperling, a psychologist who works with the youth that experience anxiety disorders.
Social media has a reinforcing nature. The platforms are designed to be addictive and are related to anxiety, depression, and even physical illnesses. But what makes users come back for more even when it can literally make them feel sick
“The unknown outcome and the possibility of a desired outcome can keep users engaging with the sites，” Sperling says. “When the outcome is unpredictable, the behavior is more likely to repeat.” To boost self esteem and feel a sense of belonging in their social circles, people post content with the hope of receiving positive feedback. FOMO—fear of missing out—also plays a role. Teenagers hope to keep track of friends' activities. Missing experiences can create anxiety and depression.
The earlier teens start using social media, the greater impact they have on mental health. This is especially true for females. While teen males tend to express aggression physically, females do so by excluding others and sharing hurtful comments. Social media increases the opportunity for such harmful interactions.
In addition, social media puts a lens filter (滤镜) on appearances and reality. When there's a filter applied to the digital world, it can be hard for teens to tell what's real and what isn't, which comes at a tough time for them physically and emotionally.
We can benefit from social platforms to some extent, as they allow people to stay in touch with family and friends around the world. Still, the platforms have opened a “Pandora's box” as they continue to evolve more quickly than we can research their impact.
In addition to limiting likes, Sperling suggests social platforms consider decreasing mass sharing. Regardless of how likely social media giants are to change their ways, though, individuals can take control of their own behavior.
8．Why does the famous social media platform mentioned in Paragraph 1 limit likes
A．To share more content.
B．To increase its popularity.
C．To ensure teens' well being.
D．To reduce teens' online time.
9．What does the “Pandora's box” in Paragraph 6 imply
A．Social media can be double edged.
B．People benefit from social platforms.
C．People get boxes of gifts from social platforms.
D．Social media opens a door for people to see the world.
10．Which of the following does Sperling agree with
A．Social media's lens help teens to tell the real world.
B．Social media's unpredictable outcome attracts frequent visits.
C．Social media is helpful to teens with anxiety and depression.
D．Social media has a greater impact on female teens than male teens.
11．What will the author most probably talk about next
A．Advice on users' controlling mass sharing.
B．Reasons for teens' posting addictions.
C．Negative effects of harmful interactions.
D．Ways of social media giants' management.
[答题区]
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
答案
二、完形填空
Manny Remilus spent time in and out of the hospital as a child. Now that he's a __1__，he wants to make patients' hospital stays a bit more __2__. So, he uses the healing power of __3__.
“You know, when I was there, the thing I __4__ the most was how the nurses there really took care of me—really made me __5__ like I was at home，” Remilus told CBS News.
As a kid, Manny Remilus was in and out of the __6__， and the nurses there made his stays easier. “And so, growing up, I __7__ I wanted to do the same thing and give back, and so that's why I became a nurse，” he said.
“One of the things that I __8_ throughout my time is that music is a very powerful tool to really help put people __9__，” he said. Remilus said even a three minute song can ease a patient's __10__ and give them a peace of mind.
“__11__， we want to treat the disease，” he said. “And so, we want to make sure that you're __12__.”
Remilus sings all kinds of songs to the kids. And he recently __13__ a group of other musical healers: the Northwell Health nurses choir.
Remilus said he __14__ the choir was using music to heal themselves during the dark days of the pandemic. He hopes his hospital bedside singing __15__ other nurses to bring joy to their patients—and he hopes the choir brings joy to the world.
1．A.doctor B．nurse C．teacher D．worker
2．A.similar B．flexible C．pleasant D．convenient
3．A.jokes B．stories C．faith D．music
4．A.thought back on B．came up with C．ran out of D．made up for
5．A.perform B．feel C．recover D．play
6．A.school B．company C．office D．hospital
7．A.imagined B．reflected C．predicted D．decided
8．A.expressed B．learned C．informed D．promoted
9．A.at ease B．at once C．in turn D．in order
10．A.anger B．hunger C．heart D．pain
11．A.Fortunately B．Obviously C．Hopefully D．Eventually
12．A.suitable B．wealthy C．comfortable D．talented
13．A.engaged B．joined C．recognized D．impressed
14．A.suggested B．reminded C．considered D．realized
15．A.requests B．inspires C．allows D．demands
[答题区]
1～5 ________________ 6～10 ________________ 11～15 ________________一轮组合训练(十)
一、阅读理解
Top Online College Courses and Classes
Research for the Classroom Teacher
Utah State University
Taught by: Professor Nick Eastmond
Course Description: In this online course on education, Professor Nick Eastmond instructs classroom teachers how to design and carry out research using a model called Guided Design, which encourages students to read specific pieces of content, apply what they learned from that content to real world problems and assess their learning abilities by themselves. You must have Adobe Flash Player 9 to take this course.
Creole Language and Culture
University of Notre Dame
Taught by: Karen Richman
Course Description: This reading online course encourages you to get involved even if you have no previous experience with Creole language or culture since it is designed to improve your Creole writing and reading skills, with specific emphasis on grammar and phonetic techniques. However, you should be prepared to complete weekly quizzes, take home essays, a mid term and a final exam.
Computer Science 164: Mobile Software Engineering
Harvard University
Taught by: David J. Malan
Course Description: This computer engineering online course teaches you how to design web and mobile apps by reviewing coding languages such as HTML5, PHP and JavaScript. Structurally, Malan's course is composed of video lectures and supplementary (补充的) class materials presented as PDF files on the course's webpage. You should also be prepared to complete projects such as independently developing iOS apps or mobile web apps.
CS470/670: Artificial Intelligence
UMass Boston
Taught by: Professor Wei Ding
Course Description: This introductory computer science online course will expose you to the techniques of artificial intelligence in computers. Through this class, you will gain a foundational understanding of how search methods and associative networks are used to solve practical problems. Additionally, you will learn how to program applications using the LISP language.
1．What can Research for the Classroom Teacher help a teacher do in the class
A．Evaluate self learning abilities.
B．Read specific passages.
C．Improve teaching efficiency.
D．Solve the real world problems.
2．Which course requires students to take regular tests
A．Creole Language and Culture.
B．Computer Science 164: Mobile Software Engineering.
C．CS470/670: Artificial Intelligence.
D．Research for the Classroom Teacher.
3．What do the last two courses have in common
A．They consist of video lectures.
B．They are online computer science courses.
C．They use the same programming language.
D．They offer class materials on the course's webpage.
B篇
[2023·新课标Ⅱ卷，C]Reading Art: Art for Book Lovers is a celebration of an everyday object—the book, represented here in almost three hundred artworks from museums around the world. The image of the reader appears throughout history, in art made long before books as we now know them came into being. In artists' representations of books and reading, we see moments of shared humanity that go beyond culture and time.
In this “book of books，” artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these connections between different eras and cultures. We see scenes of children learning to read at home or at school, with the book as a focus for relations between the generations. Adults are portrayed (描绘) alone in many settings and poses—absorbed in a volume, deep in thought or lost in a moment of leisure. These scenes may have been painted hundreds of years ago, but they record moments we can all relate__to．
Books themselves may be used symbolically in paintings to demonstrate the intellect (才智), wealth or faith of the subject. Before the wide use of the printing press, books were treasured objects and could be works of art in their own right. More recently, as books have become inexpensive or even throwaway, artists have used them as the raw material for artworks—transforming covers, pages or even complete volumes into paintings and sculptures.
Continued developments in communication technologies were once believed to make the printed page outdated. From a 21st century point of view, the printed book is certainly ancient, but it remains as interactive as any battery powered e reader. To serve its function, a book must be activated by a user: the cover opened, the pages parted, the contents reviewed, perhaps notes written down or words underlined. And in contrast to our increasingly networked lives where the information we consume is monitored and tracked, a printed book still offers the chance of a wholly private, “off line” activity.
4．Where is the text most probably taken from
A．An introduction to a book.
B．An essay on the art of writing.
C．A guidebook to a museum.
D．A review of modern paintings.
5．What are the selected artworks about
A．Wealth and intellect.
B．Home and school.
C．Books and reading.
D．Work and leisure.
6．What do the underlined words “relate to” in Paragraph 2 mean
A．Understand. B．Paint. C．Seize. D．Transform.
7．What does the author want to say by mentioning the e reader
A．The printed book is not totally out of date.
B．Technology has changed the way we read.
C．Our lives in the 21st century are networked.
D．People now rarely have the patience to read.
C篇
Researchers have used high technology methods to learn secrets about a famous painting by the Dutch painter Johannes Vermeer. The painting is called Girl with a Pearl Earring. He worked during the Dutch Golden Age of painting in the 1600s.
The researchers' tests have not discovered the identity of the mysterious woman in the painting. However, they have revealed important information about how Vermeer did the painting, which is sometimes called the Dutch Mona Lisa.
Researchers and museum workers placed the painting in a special glass room in early 2018 so visitors to the museum could watch as researchers studied the work. A careful examination of very small pieces of paint showed where some of the painting's colors came from. The white that helps form the earring comes from lead from the Peak District in northern England. The blue is made from a valuable stone found in Afghanistan. The red is made from insects that live on cactus plants in Mexico and South America.
It is surprising that Vermeer used so much blue in the painting, as this blue color was more valuable than gold in the 17th century. Vermeer, however, did not have to travel the world to get his materials. He most likely bought them in his hometown of Delft. The research findings do not just show details about Vermeer's materials, but also tell us about Dutch and world trade in the 17th century.
The research also uncovered the order in which Vermeer painted the girl on a piece of cloth. Infrared imaging (红外线成像) showed that Vermeer began making the work using brown and black paint. He then drew the girl's outline in black lines before working from the green background to the foreground.
A statement on the museum's website describes the woman as imaginary. “The painting is not a portrait, but a ‘tronie’—a painting of an imaginary figure，” the website says.
8．What did researchers discover about the painting according to Paragraph 3
A．The value of its paints.
B．The sources of its paints.
C．The identity of the woman.
D．Its similarities with the Mona Lisa.
9．Why is it surprising that so much blue was used in the painting
A．Blue color was hard to buy then.
B．Blue color was from South America.
C．Blue color was precious at that time.
D．Blue color wasn't suitable for the portrait.
10．What color is the background of the painting
A．Green. B．Black. C．Brown. D．Blue.
11．Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A．This Is an Oil Painting Made with Valuable Paints
B．Scientists Determined the Girl's Identity in the Painting
C．This Painting Is Comparable to the Mona Lisa
D．Research Found Secrets of Girl with a Pearl Earring
[答题区]
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
答案
二、阅读七选五
[2023·新课标Ⅱ卷]As an artist who shares her journey on social media, I'm often asked by curious followers how to begin an art journey. Unfortunately, there is no magic list I can offer. I do remember, though, what it was like to be a complete beginner. So I've put together some good tips for starting an art journey.
·Start small. I suggest using a sketchbook (素描本) for small studies. These small studies provide inspiration and may be a springboard for more complex works in the future. __1__ You'll want to look back on your journey to see how far you've come.
·Paint often and paint from life. There's no better way to improve than to put in those brush miles. Whether you paint still lives, portraits, or landscapes, paint from life as much as possible. __2__
·Continually challenge yourself to try something new. __3__ Artistic growth can be a bit painful. Welcome to the club；we've all been there. I love taking on challenges. I once took up a challenge to create a painting every day for a month and post the works online.
·__4__Seeking and accepting constructive feedback (反馈) is crucial to growth. I post my work on social media and, in turn, have met some of the kindest people. They make me feel valued and respected, no matter my level of artistic ability.
The journey you're on won't follow a straight path. __5__ Push through, give it time and put in the effort. You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life.
A.Get out of your comfort zone.
B．Make career plans and set goals.
C．Don't throw away your beginner art.
D．Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so.
E.You'll hit roadblocks, and you'll feel discouraged at times.
F.Evaluate your performance and, if needed, redefine your role.
G.You'll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition.
[答题区]
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________
三、语法填空
What are the best careers for the future How will everything change Is it possible to prepare for the jobs of tomorrow—today Many of us would love to have definitive answers for these questions. But, of course, nobody can say for sure 1.________ the future holds. The best we can do is to make educated guesses according to past and current trends. We can imagine some pretty astonishing possibilities about future jobs 2.________ (base) on the facts of the development of science and technology.
Here's one thing we know: Changes will keep happening. China and 3.________ rest of the world will experience social, cultural, economic, environmental, 4.________ technological changes. Some of these changes can be foreseen (such as the likely impact of climate change). But many of them can't 5.________ (predict). New challenges may arise without any warning. And “happy accidents” may lead to positive new 6.________ (discovery) that solve long standing problems.
Predicting the best jobs for the future requires 7.________ (understand) that all kinds of variables (变量) will interact in complex and surprising ways. Many of tomorrow's jobs will likely result 8.________ today's scientific and technological advances. But 9.________ (many) jobs of the future probably don't exist yet, and a lot of them haven't even been imagined. In fact, according to one estimate from the World Economic Forum, almost two thirds of today's kindergarten students will finally have occupations that don't 10.________ (current) exist.
[答题区]
1．____________ 2.____________ 3.____________ 4.____________ 5.____________ 6．____________ 7.____________ 8.____________ 9.____________ 10.____________一轮组合训练(十三)
一、阅读理解
A篇
Online courses offer people abundant opportunities to learn. Try some of the Harvard online courses about humanities.
The Path to Happiness
From Confucianism to Daoism, the philosophies developed over two thousand years ago are among the most powerful in human history. This course brings voices from the past into modern contexts to explore the path to a good life today.
Duration: June 16, 2021—February 1，2022
Fees：Free of charge
Pace：Self paced
Difficulty：Introductory
Introduction to the Ancient Greek World
This course is about ancient Greece with its unique places, ways of life and historical changes. We survey the most important social institutions and cultural traditions. We also study everyday features such as food and dress.
Duration: June, 21—November 9，2021
Fees：$3，400＋
Pace：Instructor led
Difficulty：Introductory
Biotechnology and the Human Good
Biotechnology offers exciting and promising prospects for healing the sick and relieving the suffering. In this course we consider possible functions beyond medical treatments like making people look younger, perform better and become perfect.
Duration：June 21—August 6，2021
Fees：$3，400＋
Pace：Instructor led
Difficulty：Intermediate
Superheroes and Power
What makes superheroes popular How can they help us think about super powers In this course, we explore those questions in Marvel and DC favorites (especially the X Men) as well as independent comics novels.
Duration: June 22—August 6，2021
Fees: $3，400＋
Pace：Instructor led
Difficulty：Intermediate
1．Which course can you take if you are free in December, 2021
A．The Path to Happiness.
B．Introduction to the Ancient Greek World.
C．Biotechnology and the Human Good.
D．Superheroes and Power.
2．What does Biotechnology and the Human Good deal with
A．Ways to increase happiness.
B．Cultural traditions and everyday features.
C．More uses of biotech.
D．Powers of superheroes.
3．What do the four courses have in common
A．They are of the same level.
B．They are free of charge.
C．They are instructor led.
D．They belong to the same subject.
B篇
Shaping, drying, glazing and firing... In less than 5 minutes, a mini vase only millimeters in size starts to take shape as viewers watch on. As the founder of a miniature ceramics studio, Wang Wenhua never expected that his works would surprise viewers in China, let alone those abroad, and that his short videos would earn over 45 million views and 4.2 million likes on a video application.
Having worked in China's “Porcelain Capital” Jingdezhen in East China's Jiangxi Province for 14 years, Wang said he had once seen the world's biggest ceramic here but he had never seen the smallest, so he decided one day to try something different—making micro porcelain.
Things were not easy in the beginning, and many people doubted him. “They called me crazy and mocked me when I went to factories and asked them to help make miniature tools for me to create micro pottery. Even my wife did not support me，” Wang said. However, Wang did not give up and after about half a year of experimentation, Wang finally made miniature tools on his own and was able to complete his first miniature porcelain—a vase.
According to Wang, the key to making a miniature ceramic work is concentration and a pair of steady hands. After numerous attempts, Wang found that the smallest works he could get were about 2 millimeters in size. “It would probably miss my original intention if I made micro pottery using a microscope, so I have focused more attention on making the smaller pieces more beautiful and complex，” said Wang.
The smallest vase that Wang has made is a bowl only 2 millimeters tall, 3 millimeters wide and 1 millimeter thick. Wang says he plans to apply for the Guinness World Records for the world's smallest pottery work.
4．What inspired Wang Wenhua to make micro porcelain
A．The high expectations of the viewers.
B．The popularity of his videos on a video application.
C．His decision to make something different.
D．The responsibility of the founder of the studio.
5．Which words can best describe Wang Wenhua
A．Ambitious and wise.
B．Brilliant and wealthy.
C．Talented and stubborn.
D．Determined and focused.
6．What plays a significant role in Wang producing a miniature ceramic work
A．Using a microscope in his work.
B．Advanced tools made by himself.
C．Carrying out numerous experiments.
D．Attention on a thing and steady hands.
7．In which section of a newspaper may this text appear
A．Art. B．Fashion. C．Education. D．Psychology.
C篇
Cash Daniels spends several hours every week cleaning up cans and bottles in the rivers near his home with other teen environmentalists in Chattanooga, TN. Together, they have collected more than 1 ton of aluminum cans, nearly 1，000 cans a week for a year. In January, he co founded a club called The Cleanup Kids with his best friend. The project's mission: to encourage kids to pick up 1 million pounds of trash across the globe before the end of the year.
Daniels says he first developed a passion for wildlife when he was 3. “As far back as I can remember, I've always loved animals，” Daniels says. Marine life especially interests him. When he began discovering trash on walks along the river with his family, he immediately thought of his favorite sea creatures.
His mission now is saving the earth's rivers, which he points out are even more polluted than the world's oceans. “Eighty percent of the ocean's trash comes from rivers，” he says. In 2019, he adopted the name The Conservation Kid on social media, and started posting things like how something as simple as a deserted face mask can entangle (缠住), choke, and kill turtles, birds, and fish. Mask waste has increased about 9，000% since 2019.
Although he mostly speaks to other teens, Daniels has found that adults are often persuaded by his argument that cleaning up, recycling, and getting rid of plastic ought to be an egocentric (以自我为中心的) act for humanity: when plastics break down, they can wind up in our drinking water. He has met with the mayor of his city, and his experiences of speaking with influential grown ups have convinced him that adults can change their habits.
But, in truth, the burden to save the planet has landed on children like him. “Kids may be a small percent of the population, but we're 100% of the future，” he says. “And we can save the world.”
8．What led to the birth of Daniels' Project
A．The inspiration from his best friend.
B．The goal to make a role model for kids.
C．The concern for the ocean life.
D．The idea of other teen environmentalists.
9．Which can be inferred from Paragraph 3
A．The ocean's trash has grown rapidly.
B．The river pollution requires less attention.
C．Mask waste is the major cause of river pollution.
D．River waste contributes most to the ocean's trash.
10．Which of the following can best describe Cash Daniels
A．Optimistic and creative.
B．Caring and responsible.
C．Considerate and generous.
D．Courageous and devoted.
11．What is the passage mainly about
A．Grown ups' selfish behaviors for humanity.
B．A teenager's contributions to saving the waters.
C．A youngster's responsibility to protect the world.
D．Teen environmentalists' efforts to clean the oceans.
[答题区]
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
答案
二、完形填空
In a year of sadness, one fast food manager is doing what she can to spread a message of love.
April DiDonna told a customer she __1__ him after he ordered at the __2__ where she works in Washington. Three months later, she has __3__ thousands of people “I love you.”
“To know that the little three __4__ could mean so much to so many people, it's __5__ my heart with so much more love，” DiDonna said. “I have been __6__ that if we just love each other, the world would be better.”
The love __7__ kept going and DiDonna started __8__ how many people have said “I love you” back.About 2，700 customers have __9__ to the message since October 3.
“Sometimes people are __10__，” DiDonna said.“Then I just explain it. If people can hate for no __11__，why can't I love？” DiDonna said.
One time an elderly woman was __12__ to tears，and she simply thanked DiDonna before she left the store, “Thank you for telling me that you love me.” The customer told DiDonna that her husband had __13__. “I don't have anyone to tell me that they love me anymore and there is no one there to give me a __14__，” the woman said.
DiDonna then hugged the woman __15__. “When I gave this woman a hug, she just melted in my arms and started crying，” DiDonna said.
1.A.needed B．loved C．welcomed D. supported
2.A.factory B．hotel C．company D．store
3.A.asked B．demanded C．told D．provided
4.A.words B．letters C．characters D．sentences
5.A.impressing B．striking C．attracting D．filling
6.A.proposed B．convinced C．suggested D．confirmed
7.A.routine B．schedule C．theory D．method
8.A.forgetting B．counting C．imaging D．considering
9．A.returned B．appealed C．replied D．applied
10．A.thankful B．worried C．anxious D．curious
11．A.opinion B．reason C．answer D．condition
12．A.moved B．occurred C．influenced D．excited
13．A.turned down B．given out C．taken over D．passed away
14．A.hug B．job C．favor D．present
15．A.gradually B．casually C．tightly D．regularly
[答题区]
1～5 ________________ 6～10 ________________ 11～15 ________________一轮组合训练(十四)
一、阅读理解
A篇
Louis Pasteur once said, “Chance favors only the prepared mind.” That's the truth behind the following inventions—the scientists were prepared and were able to see the magic in a mistake.
Mauve
In 1856, William Henry Perkin was trying to come up with an artificial medicine, but his experiments produced a thick mess. But the more Perkin looked at it, the more he saw a beautiful color in his mess. It turned out that he had made mauve, the first ever synthetic dye (合成染料), which was far better than any natural dyes: the color was brighter, clearer, and didn't fade or wash out.
Superglue
This super sticky substance was discovered by accident—twice! Chemist Harry Coover had been attempting to make clear plastic gun sights, and in 1942 one method he tested produced an extremely quick bonding adhesive (黏合剂). It was useless for his gun sights, though, and he forgot about it until almost ten years later, when he came across it again while developing heat resistant parts for airplanes. This time he realized its potential, and the product was put on the market.
Plastic
In 1907, shellac (虫胶) was used in electronics. It was costly, so American chemist Leo Hendrik Baekeland tried to produce an alternative. Instead, his experiments produced a material that could take high temperatures. He later developed it into plastic, and it was soon used in the production of almost everything.
Teflon
Back in the 1930s, young DuPont chemist Roy J. Plunkett was working to make a new kind of CFC for refrigeration. After storing the gas in certain containers, he opened one to discover that it had changed into a white powder that was extremely sticky and had a very high melting point. Later, the substance, which was named Teflon, was patented.
1．Which invention came out earliest
A．Mauve. B．Superglue. C．Plastic. D．Teflon.
2．Who recognized the value of his original invention when developing airplane parts
A．William Henry Perkin.
B．Harry Coover.
C．Leo Hendrik Baekeland.
D．Roy J. Plunkett.
3．What do the inventions have in common
A．They were made by accident.
B．They could take high temperatures.
C．They received no recognition at first.
D．They could be used in the medical field.
B篇
Once equipped with an updated resume and cover letter, you're ready to start actually applying for jobs. This section discusses how to find suitable job openings based on your skill set and explains the importance of networking.
Be mindful of your skills
The best way to shortlist jobs is by identifying your skills and areas of expertise (专长) and looking for target companies that match them. While you may be a painstaking worker with many skills, if your skills aren't the specific ones a company needs, they have no reason to hire you or even consider your resume. Being aware of your capabilities and being open to improving and upskilling yourself are valuable tools in the job search process.
Plan your search
Creating a strategic plan can help you stay organized during the job hunt. Build a to do list for the search. Think about developing a system for evaluating your assessment of each job and noting feedback that you're receiving from managers. Use this information to filter (过滤) your job opportunities to find the best fit.
Reach out to your network
Networking—whether online or in person—is important when seeking a job because 70% of jobs are never officially advertised and are taken by candidates who had a connection at the company. Letting your network know when you're looking for a new position just might lead to a positive result. Social media platforms also allow you to broaden your network and find professionals in your field.
Follow up on your job application
Proactively following up on your job application can give you an edge over other applicants. Sending a brief follow up email a few days after handing in your application is a good idea to ensure that the business received it. You can also use this opportunity to reinforce (强化) your interest in the position.
4．What makes the company managers consider offering you a position
A．You are a hard working graduate.
B．You are interested in their company.
C．Your expertise matches their company.
D．You have a close connection with them.
5．What can we learn from Paragraph 4
A．Advertisements help people find the best job.
B．Social media could increase chances of finding jobs.
C．People with many skills can find jobs easily.
D．The friends in the company are the key to finding jobs.
6．What does the underlined word “edge” mean in the last paragraph
A．Advantage. B．Border. C．Opportunity. D．Stress.
7．What might be the benefit of a brief follow up email on your job application
A．Reminding the company to offer you a job.
B．Telling them you are anxious to have a reply.
C．Asking if they have received your application.
D．Stressing your interest in their company.
C篇
For years, the Getty Museum in Los Angeles has been famous for its large collection of European paintings, sculptures and other works of art. Recently, it has become popular for something else: an art challenge on social media. Last week, the Getty asked its followers on Twitter, Facebook and Instagram to remake famous pieces from its collection. “We challenge you to recreate a work of art with objects (and people) in your home，” the museum wrote. The rules were simple: Choose your favorite work of art; use three things from your house to recreate it; then, take a picture and share it on social media.
The public's response came in the hundreds, then the thousands, of creative and funny remakes. And, it has not stopped yet. When a coworker challenged Amy Retartha to do the art challenge, she knew exactly which painting she would use: Pablo Picasso's “Old Guitarist”. Retartha, who lives in South Bend, Indiana, says she has always loved that painting, especially because of its history. Retartha, who has been making art since she was a child, says it took only 20 minutes to do the piece. She used blue and white bedding, a white mask, and one of her husband's guitars. The local library where she works put the picture on its Instagram page.
Other people did the Getty challenge with something else they had at home: their children. CGathier on Twitter remade the famous oil painting “Self Portrait with Pipe” by Vincent Van Gogh with her son as Van Gogh. In her creation, her son is wearing a gray hat and has white material around his head and a pipe in his mouth.
With many parents now homeschooling their children, the Getty challenge came at a perfect time. One woman on Twitter used the challenge as an art lesson for her son. With a toy monkey, a cat and other objects, the boy recreated “Self Portrait with Thorn Necklace and Hummingbird”—a painting by celebrated Mexican artist Frida Kahlo.
8．What do we know about the Getty Museum's art challenge
A．It's very popular.
B．It needs special items.
C．It's aimed at professionals.
D．It's getting close to the end.
9．What is included in the recreated “Old Guitarist”？
A．A pipe. B．A guitar. C．A gray hat. D．A toy monkey.
10．Why did the Getty challenge come at a perfect time according to the last paragraph
A．People love art more than ever now.
B．There are many useless items in people's homes these days.
C．Children could enjoy themselves through the challenge.
D．The parents could make use of it to teach their children art.
11．Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A．Works in the Getty Museum Are Remembered by the Public
B．The Getty Museum Collects New Works from the Folk
C．The Getty Museum Asks the Public to Recreate Works of Art
D．The Getty Museum Allows Visitors to Bring Its Works Home
[答题区]
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
答案
二、阅读七选五
Workouts in the gym not only can make you fit, but also can help you make friends. Here are some surprising social benefits of exercise that you need to know about.
__1__
According to researchers, when you stick to a fitness schedule, you're likely to become more committed to plans outside of the gym. Your pals will depend on you more. Therefore, your friendships—and thus, your social life—will deepen.
It helps you find people like you.
We all seek to find the people we can depend on wholeheartedly to be there through thick and thin. Meeting individuals with similar interests gives you the opportunity to build a new, supportive circle of friends. It's likely you'll meet people at the gym who love to work out like you. Another great way to interact with like minded gym goers is through a social app. __2__
It improves your memory.
Fitness isn't just beneficial for your arms, legs, and core. __3__ In fact, a new study has found that exercise can improve your brain's function, helping you sharpen your memory so you can avoid embarrassment of forgetting others' names in social situations.
It makes you a happier person.
When you're feeling down, there's nothing like having good friends around to cheer you up. __4__ They are also built over shared laughs and fun experiences. Experts point out that workouts release endorphins, which have been proven to make people happier.
__5__
Just moved to a new city or town Making new friends can be a little difficult in a new environment. That's why many medical experts suggest fitness as a way to break the ice. Not only does exercising create an easy way to strike up a conversation with others, but the gym is a recommended setting for healthy social interactions, too. Seeing people achieve their goals can enable you to connect with them on an entirely different level.
A．It makes you more reliable.
B．You can do wonders with them.
C．It can help you adjust to new surroundings.
D．It can be a source of inspiration and support.
E．It actually does wonders for your brain health, too.
F．Fitness can also improve your intelligence and make you outstanding.
G．But friendships aren't only about helping each other through the tough times.
[答题区]
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________
三、语法填空
[2023·全国乙卷]Beijing is a city bridging the ancient and the modern. From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong 1.________ royal palaces, it is home to more than 3，000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully 2.________ (build) system of ring roads.
But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place 3.________ welcomes the fast paced development of modern life, with 21st century architectural 4.________ (wonder) standing side by side with historical buildings of the past.
It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn't work, 5.________ somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination. 6.________ (visit) several times over the last 10 years, I 7.________ (amaze) by the co existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. As a photographer, I have spent the last two years 8.__________ (record) everything I discovered.
The 9.________ (remark) development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, 10.________ (mean) there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years.
[答题区]
1．____________ 2.____________ 3.____________ 4.____________ 5.____________ 6．____________ 7.____________ 8.____________ 9.____________ 10.____________一轮组合训练(三十五)
一、阅读理解
A篇
Best Cycling Holiday Destinations in Europe
Girona, Spain
Girona is surrounded by fantastic and easily accessible cycle routes that pretty much offer any riding you would ever need or want. The relatively traffic free roads mean that there is little trouble in getting out of the town and into the hills. Girona's old town itself is a beauty and with plenty of places serving great food and great coffee. There's a certain magic to the place.
Algarve, Portugal
Algarve is a cycling destination that has grown in popularity thanks to the large variety of roads in the country. The terrain(地形) is not too dissimilar to what you'll find in the most popular cycling regions, but Algarve just feels that little bit less mainstream (主流的). Away from the bike, there is also plenty of food to sink your teeth into and local wines to try.
Northern Scotland, UK
One of the best places to tour in all of Europe is in fact Scotland. Particularly adventurous cyclists can take advantage of Scotland's rules on wild camping－Scottish law allows members of the public the right to roam (漫游). It's a totally liberating way to explore places and Scotland might just be one of the best ones to do it due to the vast array of signposted routes, beautiful scenery and rural landscapes.
Julian Alps, Slovenia
Julian Alps is one relatively new kid on the block when it comes to European cycling getaways. A great destination for mountain bikers and road cyclists alike, it has plenty of brilliant off road routes and rideable, tricky roads that take you high up.
1．What can visitors do in Girona, Spain
A．Explore many tricky roads.
B．Roam without following traffic rules.
C．Enjoy nice food and coffee.
D．Watch magic shows.
2．Which cycling holiday destination best suits people loving adventure
A．Girona, Spain.
B．Algarve, Portugal.
C．Northern Scotland, UK.
D．Julian Alps, Slovenia.
3．What do Algarve and Julian Alps have in common
A．They are mainstream cycling regions.
B．They have various cycling roads.
C．They are suitable for wild camping.
D．They are famous for local wines.
B篇
It was eight o'clock on Christmas morning, and Uncle Tom said he wanted to listen to the news. My 11 year old self was wondering why grown ups would be interested in the news when there were more important things to be done, such as handing out presents. However, while I was only half listening to the radio broadcast, I was confused that I had heard that report earlier.
My older brother, Colin, figured out what was happening.“Pete, it's a tape recorder! We've got our tape recorder！” This was one of those rare moments when my inside gave an involuntary lurch (突然倾斜).Colin and I had both been blind from birth. In the late 1950s, tape recorders were definitely the top choice for blind kids, especially with the rise of rock and roll.
But it wasn't the first time I had been attracted to a tape recorder. I vividly remember walking into a room when I was four and hearing a child's beautiful singing. It turned out that my dad had borrowed a tape recorder for preparing his projects. And for the first time, in the same way that a sighted child might react to seeing himself in a mirror or a photograph, I got the sense of myself as a separate person who existed outside my head and was experienced by other people.
Then I became a broadcaster at school. I would wander around the school with my microphone, recording my thoughts in the style of the voices I heard on the radio. But the biggest challenge was not finding things to do with the tape recorder but taking it away from Colin. His generosity on the first day we got it did not extend to handing it over to his brother at school. “You'll break it，” he would say.
But ten years later, I drew on the confidence gained from those early explorations of the sound and walked into a radio station, in the hope of selling myself as a broadcast journalist. Eight years later, I presented my first report for BBC's “Six O'Clock News”. I never thought that a Christmas present had changed my life.
4．Why did Uncle Tom listen to the news on Christmas morning
A．To keep up with the times.
B．To carry on the holiday tradition.
C．To create a happy festival mood.
D．To surprise Colin and the author.
5．What did the author feel when first hearing a tape recorder at four
A．His interest in music.
B．His love of broadcasting.
C．The real existence of himself.
D．An understanding of his father.
6．What was the author's biggest challenge as a school broadcaster
A．Learning the voice style of radio hosts.
B．Getting the tape recorder from Colin.
C．Balancing broadcasting and study.
D．Finding fun things to record.
7．What helped build up the author's confidence in becoming a broadcast journalist
A．His experiences of exploring the sound.
B．His talent for recording.
C．His father's encouragement.
D．His rich broadcasting knowledge.
C篇
The term “oniomania”， which is used to describe people with obsessive (强迫性的), problematic shopping and spending behaviors, consists of the Greek words “onios”，meaning “for sale”， and “mania”．Also known as compulsive buying disorder (CBD) and impulsive compulsive buying disorder (ICBD), oniomania can leave a negative impact on your financial health and mental wellbeing if left untreated.
At this point you might be wondering: “What's the difference between an oniomaniac and someone who likes to shop perhaps a bit too much？” We tend to believe that the two are rather similar. Clinically (临床地), however, they are quite easy to separate.
Although people who like shopping will return an item if they do not like it and start budgeting if they run__low__on money, people suffering from oniomania are no longer able to make reasonable, let alone financially responsible, decisions. They sometimes emotionally dissociate themselves from what they are doing, making their purchases while they are not really sure what to buy. Spending relieves feelings of anxiety and depression, but only temporarily. In a short time, they might become moody, annoyed, and depressed, and their confidence declines sharply.
To a certain extent, spending makes everyone feel good. In 2007, a group of researchers from MIT, Stanford University and CMU looked at the brains of American consumers via MRI technology and found that when they purchased desirable objects, their nucleus accumbens—the brain's pleasure center—would light up, indicating positive stimulation. This stimulation can take on different forms. For instance, some people get particularly excited when they believe they have gotten a good deal. This, researchers say, is the result of the prefrontal cortex—the decision making part of our brain—interacting with the insula, the part of our brain that processes pain.
According to psychotherapist Joyce Marter, compulsive buyers in the U．S. make an average of 156 impulsive purchases per year. Each purchase sets them back around $81.75, making for a grand total of $5，400 per year and a thorough shocking $324，000 per lifetime. That money could have been invested in a home, an education, or other products that you actually need in order to survive and thrive in the world. Ultimately, though, treating oniomania is about much more than just protecting your finances from your own impulses—it's also about maintaining your personal mental health and improving your relationships with others.
8．What do we know about oniomania
A．It is a normal behavior.
B．It influences people's health.
C．It means people who like shopping.
D．It describes people's difference.
9．What does the underlined phrase “run low on” probably mean
A．Run out of B．Go short of C．Look down on D．Become rich in
10．What does the fourth paragraph mainly talk about
A．Why many researchers take part in the study.
B．How everyone makes a wise decision.
C．How desirable objects are well welcome.
D．Why shopping makes common people happy.
11．What is the benefit of treating oniomania
A．It is beneficial to education.
B．It develops our desires.
C．It keeps our mind healthy.
D．It helps increase our income.
[答题区]
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
答案
二、完形填空
Paul Allen, co founder of Microsoft Corp., was a billionaire. He rose to __1__ as a pioneer in personal computing. In 1975, he joined with Bill Gates to found Microsoft, which in the following __2__ went on to dominate the PC industry.
“I am __3__ to know the passing of one of my dearest friends，”Mr Gates said.“Paul was a true __4__.”
Mr Allen was Microsoft's chief technology officer when he __5__ in 1983 after being seriously ill. As Microsoft's shares grew in value, Mr Allen, like Mr Gates, became a billionaire. He __6__ his fortune to build his own business empire.
Mr Allen was __7__ about science. He created the Allen Institute for Brain Science, as well as the Allen Institute for Cell Science, to __8__ complex cells in order to research how the brain works.
And Mr Allen became a charitarian. He gave away his vast fortunes __9__. According to Forbes, Mr Allen's wealth is estimated to be about $20 billion.
Mr Allen used his __10__ wealth to become influential in sports. In 1988, Mr Allen __11__ the NBA's Portland Trail Blazers for $65 million, making him the youngest __12__ in major American professional sports at 35 years old.
Mr Allen was an accomplished guitarist. He __13__ a recording studio on his yacht (快艇), and one of his bands released an album in 2013 alongside some famous __14__.
“My brother was a __15__ remarkable individual on every level，” his sister Jody Allen said.
1．A.fame B．name C．honor D．award
2．A.weeks B．months C．years D．decades
3．A.hardhearted B．heartbroken C．cold blooded D．cool headed
4．A.teacher B．actor C．partner D．competitor
5．A.entered B．ended C．ran D．left
6．A.drove B．chose C．caught D．used
7．A.anxious B．mad C．nervous D．sure
8．A.push B．show C．study D．guide
9．A.vividly B．perfectly C．generously D．differently
10．A.commercial B．considerable C．countless D．changeable
11．A.developed B．collected C．discovered D．purchased
12．A.boss B．agent C．coach D．guide
13．A.imagined B．built C．introduced D．gave
14．A.scientists B．workers C．performers D．researchers
15．A.truly B．partly C．theoretically D．properly
[答题区]
1～5 ________________ 6～10 ________________ 11～15 ________________一轮组合训练(十七)
一、阅读理解
A篇
3 Nights in Amazing Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka is ranked as the best tourist destination in the world. It's full of natural beauty, wildlife, rich cultures and traditions, etc. Green surroundings, historical places, beautiful landscapes, and fine beaches can all be seen there. We have packed most of the important attractions in Sri Lanka just for 4 days and organized them in the best way to explore. A good English speaking driver will be available throughout your stay in Sri Lanka.
What's included
Bottled water
Air conditioned vehicles
Very good hotels for 3 nights
Fuel surcharge
Breakfast (4)
Departure (出发) & return
We can pick you up from the airport. All you have to do is share your arrival flight details. Further, we can pick you up from the hotel where you are staying.
What to expect
Day 1 Day for the beautiful Kandy tour; 6 stops
Day 2 Day for Sigiriya, Dambulla and wildlife safari tours; 4 stops
Day 3 Day for the upcountry Sri Lanka with a scenic train ride; 8 stops
Day 4 Day for the beach and city tours; 7 stops
Additional information
Confirmation will be received at the time of booking
Wheelchair accessible
Near public transportation
Baby seats available
Cancelation policy
For a full refund (退款), cancel at least 24 hours in advance of the start date of the experience.
1．What do we know about the tour in Sri Lanka from Paragraph 1
A．It lasts only for 3 days.
B．It provides free tickets.
C．It includes various tourist attractions.
D．It has a good English speaking guide.
2．When can visitors go for a walk on the beach
A．On Day 1. B．On Day 2. C．On Day 3. D．On Day 4.
3．What should be done to receive a full refund
A．Finding out the details of the tour.
B．Contacting the manager of the tour.
C．Buying travel insurance before departure.
D．Canceling the tour at least a day ahead of time.
B篇
When Tonee Carter sits in front of a piano, his fingers take on a life of their own, dancing across the keys as he smiles, closes his eyes, and sinks into a melody.
Carter, 66, isn't famous, but he does perform for an international audience nearly every day at Hartsfield Jackson Atlanta International Airport.Travelers lucky enough to hear him often find themselves attracted by his music.
That's what happened to Carlos Whittaker, a motivational speaker who was traveling home to Tennessee. “As I was walking through the hall, I heard someone playing the piano，” Whittaker, 46, told CNN.
While listening to the music that seemed to effortlessly flow from Carter's fingertips, Whittaker, the influencer on social media also took videos of the musician and shared them with his more than 200，000 followers.
And Whittaker came up with an idea. “Suddenly I was like, what would happen if I asked my followers if we could give him the biggest tip he's ever gotten，” he said. “As of this conversation, we had raised $61，000.”
Carter was just 6 years old when his father, also a pianist, took him to a Ray Charles concert. But Carter hasn't had the easiest life. In fact, Carter has had serious kidney disease since 2008.
“I thought he was kidding. I just couldn't believe it，” Carter told CNN. “This is the kind of thing I do. I love giving and donating and helping people, but I never expected someone to do it for me.”
Whittaker has used his social media platform to raise funds for others in the past. Earlier this month, he and his followers raised $230，000 for Brooklyn To Alaska, a non profit organization that sends urban teenagers on an adventure to Alaska.
Carter plans to use the money to help people the way Whittaker has helped him. “That $61，000 is not mine. It's the money that's going to go to others，” Carter said. “There is only one way to say thank you, because words aren't enough. And that is to pay this forward.”
4．What do we know about Tonee Carter and Carlos Whittaker
A．They met by chance.
B．They had met before.
C．They were good friends.
D．They were both musicians.
5．What made the followers on social media help Carter
A．Carter's reputation.
B．Whittaker's influence.
C．Carter's serious disease.
D．Whittaker's inspiring story.
6．Which word best describes Whittaker
A．Knowledgeable. B．Intelligent. C．Generous. D．Humorous.
7．What will Carter choose to do in the end
A．Keep the money.
B．Help those in need.
C．Help Whittaker in return.
D．Treat his disease with the money.
C篇
Imagine a future where science has created your twin. Not a flesh and blood twin, but one that recreates your flesh and blood, your bones, your heart, your brain—your whole body, in fact—as an extremely complicated computer model.
Your doctors can use this digital twin to work out how you will respond to a particular drug or medical procedure. They can even look further into the future, creating a “healthcast”， to forecast what diseases might happen to you or how your lifestyle will affect your health as you age. It is the ultimate in personalized medicine. This is the bold vision set out in Virtual You: How Building Your Digital Twin Will Revolutionize Medicine and Change Your Life by Peter Coveney, director of the Centre for Computational Science, and Roger Highfield, science director of the Science Museum Group, UK.
Digital twins are already in widespread use in industries such as civil engineering. But these model systems are much simpler than the complex human body. Imagine all the parts that come together to make you work: from the 3 billion letters of your genome (基因组), the numerous molecules (分子) that make up your cells, the trillions of cells building your tissue and organs, and the environment having its input too. Now, imagine trying to create a model of this that is made to each unique individual and that predicts the changes that will take place over a lifetime. This is easier said than done. Changes in the systems biologists want to describe are usually different from what mathematicians describe as “non linear” (非线性的 ). Another complication is “emergence”： where the whole of a system is greater than the sum of its parts. This complexity challenges mathematics and pushes computing to the limit too.
But getting to the next level—a whole human individual—is going to require yet more data and a revolution in computing technology far beyond what is currently possible. Whether we will get there is an open question, but Virtual You shows us what scientists from different fields can achieve when they all work together.
8．What can be learned about your science made twin according to Paragraph 1
A．Your twin looks just like you.
B．Your twin knows your thoughts.
C．Your twin exists on the computer.
D．Your twin is created out of your DNA.
9．Why is it difficult to build a digital twin
A．Human body is more complicated than models.
B．Digital twins are not widely used in industries.
C．Scientists lack enough data in building it.
D．Mathematicians and biologists hold different opinions.
10．What's the author's attitude towards the idea of a digital twin
A．Optimistic. B．Uncertain. C．Unconcerned. D．Skeptical.
11．What is the purpose of this text
A．To stress the necessity of digital twins.
B．To show the effects of digital twins on future health.
C．To explain the building of digital twins in health.
D．To introduce new treatments for diseases in the future.
[答题区]
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
答案
二、完形填空
My kitchen shelves are filled with cookbooks. Some of them are my __1__ that I use over and over. They are not just about food; they are also about __2__ memories.
The smell of a pound cake in the stove takes me back to times spent __3__ with my sweet grandpa. Those were such __4__ days of laughing together.
A bowl of chili (辣味肉豆) makes me __5__ my daddy, and the countless times I saw him preparing foods for family and friends. A pot of Russian tea __6__ on the stove takes me back to times spent in my aunt Catherine's __7__ on cold winter days, the smell of meat, orange and pineapple juice __8__ the air. And it makes me __9__ that she spared time to teach me how to make the Russian tea.
And a bite of the sugar cookie transports me __10__ back to when my boys were little. I can still see those __11__ little faces dusted with flour as we rolled out cookie dough (生面团) and cut it into shapes to __12__ for Christmas, precious times indeed. When each of our sons was __13__， I invited our family, friends and our future daughter in law's loved ones to send me their favorite family __14__. All those old family recipes that have been so precious to me are now __15__ for future generations.
1．A.features B．favorites C．characters D．tastes
2．A.making B．reading C．refreshing D．searching
3．A.sending B．baking C．cutting D．dividing
4．A.nervous B．curious C．precious D．anxious
5．A.depend on B．turn into C．think of D．take on
6．A.flowing B．floating C．shaking D．boiling
7．A.vehicle B．kitchen C．field D．garden
8．A.filling B．absorbing C．polluting D．breathing
9．A.trustful B．hopeful C．grateful D．successful
10．A.frequently B．finally C．strangely D．immediately
11．A.comfortable B．adorable C．reliable D．changeable
12．A.acknowledge B．evaluate C．consume D．decorate
13．A.engaged B．educated C．bothered D．praised
14．A.directories B．references C．recipes D．samples
15．A.preserved B．booked C．improved D．recognized
[答题区]
1～5 ________________ 6～10 ________________ 11～15 ________________一轮组合训练(十一)
一、阅读理解
A篇
Women's Innovative Contributions and Inventions
Women have made numerous innovative contributions and inventions throughout history, from everyday items to widely used technologies. Here are some made by brilliant women.
The Synthetic (合成的) Fiber
In the 1960s, a company, where Stephanie Kwolek worked, was working on finding a suitable fiber to produce car tires. During the research, Kwolek achieved a breakthrough when she discovered a heat resistant polymer that is stronger but lighter than steel. Then it was used to develop a new synthetic fiber. Today, it is common to see the discovery applied in creating helmets, racing sails and so on.
The Caller ID and Call Waiting
The caller ID feature has given many people the opportunity to screen unknown or unwanted phone calls. With call waiting, people are notified of a new incoming call while on another call. Interestingly, while receiving a call, that call will not block the incoming one. Dr. Shirley Ann Jackson contributed to these two inventions during her research period at Bell Laboratories in the 1970s.
The Modern Central Heating System
In the 1920s, Alice H. Parker's model used natural gas to heat a home instead of wood and allowed multiple rooms to be heated at the same time. It also introduced pipes that enabled hot air to circulate through buildings, essentially improving the efficiency of the system.
The Spray on Skin Repair Technology
From the early 1990s, Australian plastic surgeon Dr. Fiona Melanie Wood focused her research on improving established techniques of skin repair. The spray on skin repair technology allowed burns and skin injuries to be treated more effectively and with less pain. With Dr. Wood's constant improvement over the years, the technology is now widely applied in hospitals.
1．Which of the following can facilitate the communication between humans
A．The synthetic fiber.
B．The caller ID and call waiting.
C．The modern central heating system.
D．The spray on skin repair technology.
2．What do we know about the modern central heating system
A．It needs wood to help it run.
B．It is aimed to process natural gas.
C．It helps produce the heat resistant tires.
D．It contributes to hot air circulation in buildings.
3．What did Dr. Wood focus on
A．Vehicle repair technology. B．Hospital management.
C．Medical treatment. D．Fiber application.
B篇
It's the time of year when package thefts are on the rise, but when a delivery driver tried to drop off a package at a home in Rogers, a very good dog wanted to make sure that he didn't leave anything behind.
“The FedEx driver, he dropped off the package, and Nixon ran up and grabbed it and gave it back to the driver，” said Megan Sand, the owner of the dog. She was at work when it happened, but the whole interaction was caught on her doorbell's camera.
The video showed the playful dog grabbing the package between its teeth seconds after the driver left it at Sand's doorstep, then running down the driveway with his tail wagging (摆动). The driver could be heard laughing at the sight of Nixon dutifully bringing back the item.
Nixon, an 8 year old Labrador, is popular with the regular delivery drivers in the area. When drivers park their truck at the end of the driveway, he'll hop in the back with them and walk with them to the front door.
“Nixon loves to relax but is also incredibly friendly. The garbage men know him. They stop to give him treats，” said Sand.
Meanwhile, Sand said Nixon becomes “very excited” when anyone comes to the house and is particularly fond of delivery people, who all know Nixon and give him treats.
Though Sand isn't usually one to post much on social media, this one was too good not to share. “I've never seen that, and it just made me laugh. I just kind of wanted to share that laughter with everyone and hopefully someone, or hopefully a lot of people found it funny and just made their day. And I'm sure it made the FedEx driver's day，” Sand told CBS Minnesota.
4．What happened to the FedEx driver
A．He lost Sand's package.
B．He sent a wrong package.
C．He got the package back.
D．He reached a wrong address.
5．How did the FedEx driver feel when Nixon ran to him
A．Worried. B．Confused. C．Delighted. D．Frightened.
6．What do we learn about Nixon from the text
A．He likes playing with packages.
B．He isn't friendly to the garbage men.
C．He met the FedEx driver for the first time.
D．He gets along well with the delivery people.
7．Why did Sand post the event on social media
A．To express her thanks.
B．To share her happiness.
C．To make Nixon well known.
D．To complain about the driver.
C篇
A team of researchers at ETH Zurich has the perfect long lasting solution to our fog problem. They have developed a very thin and gold based transparent coating (涂层) that can convert sunlight into heat, which can be applied to glasses and other surfaces to prevent them from fogging.
The special coating is developed by using titanium oxide (二氧化钛) and gold particles. It selectively absorbs infrared radiations (红外线辐射) from sunlight and creates a heating effect that is powerful enough to keep fog away from the surface of an object. The coating basically employs heat to stop fogging. The coating absorbs a large part of the infrared radiation, which causes it to heat up—by up to 8℃.
Previously, products like anti fogging sprays create a very thin film of water on the surface to remove fog. The problem with such surfaces is pollution. Along with water, the sprays also attract dirt, dust, oil, and various other dirty substances, and just a little dirt on the surface makes it useless. However, the new coating repels (排斥) water. Furthermore, the coating is significantly thinner, which makes it more transparent as well as flexible. It is heated passively and requires, during daytime, no additional energy source.
Gold might be expensive, but the researchers stress that their coating requires so little that the material costs remain low. Their coating is produced with standardized and readily scalable methods, all cost effectively.However, although this product can work at very low levels of solar irradiation, it does rely on a certain amount of light.
The researchers will develop the coating further for other applications. In the process, they will examine whether other metals work just as well as gold. There is no need to fear, however, this would cause a car or a building to heat up more in the summer. The researchers have filed a patent. Hopefully, this groundbreaking product will soon be available on the market.
8．How does the new coating work to remove fog
A．By reflecting part of sunlight selectively.
B．By absorbing infrared radiations to heat the coating.
C．By creating a thin film of water on the surface.
D．By keeping cool air away from the object.
9．Why does the author mention previous anti fogging products
A．To stress the advantages of the new coating.
B．To introduce the inspiration behind the new coating.
C．To prove the difficulty of creating anti fogging products.
D．To explain the reason for the anti fogging coating being popular.
10．What do the researchers plan to do next
A．Apply for a patent for the invention.
B．Seek a cheaper material as an alternative to gold.
C．Explore the environmental impact of the coating.
D．Develop the product for more practical uses.
11．What does this passage mainly tell us
A．A new coating which can heat you up in foggy days.
B．A new technology which will arise with advantages and disadvantages.
C．A new solution which can prevent your glasses from fogging.
D．A new approach which can be applied to absorbing sunlight.
[答题区]
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
答案
二、完形填空
As the only girl in my family, I was not treated differently by my father. It wasn't as if he didn't know how to __1__ a girl. It was just that he did it in his way—__2__. He didn't overprotect me, treat me like a princess or even tell me that I was beautiful. __3__， he loved me like he knew how. At night, I'd lie in my bed and he'd __4__ my blanket up and it'd float down like a parachute (降落伞). He'd tuck (把……塞进) the sides under my legs and, while walking out of my door, he'd say, “Bedtime.”
He loved me and my brothers all that way. Being the __5__ girl in our house didn't mean special __6__ or being expected to be girly. My dad gave me both of the __7__ boy and girl opportunities: ballet and soccer, dance and basketball. He didn't __8__ what I was good at or what I __9__， even if that meant I played and dressed like a tomboy (假小子). He didn't mind whether I was __10__ in ballet shoes or running through the mud in soccer fields. He wanted me to be __11__. I looked more like my brothers than a typical daughter. I was __12__ in my own world and that was all that __13__ to my dad.
As parents, it's hard not to __14__ our kids differently. Maybe we even __15__ one over the other. My dad certainly didn't have any of that. My dad's love was simple and that was enough.
1．A.love B．parent C．feed D．please
2．A.simply B．eventually C．surprisingly D．regularly
3．A.Besides B．Instead C．Otherwise D．Therefore
4．A.throw B．pile C．put D．set
5．A.bravest B．youngest C．right D．only
6．A.ambitions B．treasure C．privileges D．potential
7．A.special B．unique C．natural D．conventional
8．A.know B．care C．support D．trust
9．A.preferred B．showed C．demanded D．ordered
10．A.walking B．marching C．dancing D．singing
11．A.busy B．calm C．lucky D．happy
12．A.concerned B．content C．fortunate D．successful
13．A.returned B．decreased C．required D．mattered
14．A.treat B．assist C．reward D．serve
15．A.control B．pass C．run D．favor
[答题区]
1～5 ________________ 6～10 ________________ 11～15 ________________一轮组合训练(二十)
一、阅读理解
A篇
Below is a screenshot of book reviews on a bestseller My Life on Craigslist.
Krysi Joseph
4．0 out of 5 stars
An odd, fun and cute story. A great read.
This was a cute, lighthearted book that explores the life of a Craigslist addict, and how Craigslist, a large free classifieds (分类广告) website, got her through her life so far. The story was well thought out and pretty realistic when it comes to life struggles. It gets a little unbelievable towards the end, and I don't like it when the author conformed to the “The world is perfect” viewpoint most books have, but, that's just my pessimistic breaking through.
The book needs some serious editing. She's repeated the same exact line 3 to 4 times in some places, and... (click for more)
Kindle Customer
3．0 out of 5 stars
I would have given it 4 stars, but...
The book went along well. Funny and totally in the here and now. I would have given it more if SPOILER ALERT (剧透警告): It didn't end with her in a love relationship with the guy she had been spying on that fit her. Seriously, it went... (click for more)
Lovetoread
4．0 out of 5 stars
A beach or vacation read—it's worth it!
I was intrigued by the description, so I gave it a shot. I'm glad I did. I was never like the main character, Emily, so it's interesting to read about her aimless life. She lives on Craigslist—finding roommates, finding work, finding social... (click for more)
Annabella11
5．0 out of 5 stars
The lifting my spirits type; an unforgettable and funny book.
I read and instantly loved this book, because it is witty and entertaining but at the same time has philosophical and psychological backgrounds with an honest look at the real life in a big city. It perfectly shows how a single young woman, while living there and surviving...(click for more)
1．Who likes the book My Life on Craigslist most
A．Krysi Joseph. B．Annabella11. C．Kindle Customer. D．Lovetoread.
2．Which of the following do both Kindle Customer and Krysi Joseph agree on
A．The book deserves a good rating.
B．The ending of the book is disappointing.
C．The book is popular with Craigslist addicts.
D．The book would have been perfect without editing errors.
3．What is the purpose of the text
A．To advertise a bestseller.
B．To recommend a website.
C．To share a woman's story.
D．To present reviews on a book.
B篇
The Great Salt Lake is actually the remainder of prehistoric Lake Bonneville, which covered some 20，000 square miles of land in what is now Utah, Nevada and Idaho some 10，000 to 30，000 years ago. The present lake is about 75 miles long and 35 miles wide, with a maximum depth of 33 feet. After a series of wet years, the lake's surface area may be much larger but it will be only a little bit deeper.
Water levels in the lake are far from constant. During its recorded low in 1963, some of the lake's 10 major islands became peninsulas. In 1983, when the lake reached its historic high, it flooded houses, farmland and the nearby freeway. Huge pumps were constructed to put excess water into Utah's west desert. The pumps were shut down in 1989.
Four rivers and numerous streams empty into the Great Salt Lake, carrying dissolved (溶解的) minerals. The lake has no outlet so these minerals are trapped. Continual evaporation (蒸发) concentrates the minerals. Several businesses extract (提炼) table salt and other chemicals from the lake water.
There is plentiful wildlife on Antelope Island which is the biggest one among the islands of the Great Salt Lake, and in the lake's shoreline marshes (湿地). Bison, antelope, deer, bobcats, coyotes, and elk roam freely on the island and are often seen by visitors. Bird watching is popular at many spots around the lake, including the federally managed Bear River Bird Refuge and the state's Farmington Bay Waterfowl Management Area. The lake's marshes attract large numbers of migratory (迁徙的) birds. Duck and goose hunting is allowed in some areas and is usually very good.
Sailing is very popular on the lake and full service marinas (游艇停靠区) are available at Antelope Island and Great Salt Lake State Marina on the south shore. Kayaking on the Great Salt Lake is a great way to see some of the areas that you normally wouldn't see. With 10，000 miles of shoreline, it can be one of the most rewarding places to paddle (用桨划船) in North America.
4．What do we know about the prehistoric Great Salt Lake
A．The water level remained the same.
B．There was plenty of wildlife in the Lake.
C．The Lake was rich in salt and other chemicals.
D．It was much larger than the present Lake.
5．What probably happened in 1989
A．The water level of the Lake might return to normal high.
B．The pumps might break down for certain reasons.
C．Houses near the Lake might be once again flooded.
D．The islands in the Lake might appear once again.
6．What does the underlined word “roam” in the fourth paragraph mean
A．Feed. B．Wander. C．Run. D．Search.
7．Why does the author advise visitors to go kayaking on the Great Salt Lake
A．They can hunt ducks and geese.
B．They can watch birds on the island.
C．They can see more unusual places.
D．They can visit the shoreline marshes.
C篇
Everyone knows that families who spend time together have strong relationships, but new research shows that spending that time together outside in nature can make those bonds even stronger.
The researchers began with the existing scientific basis that spending time in nature can reduce mental fatigue and improve attention in individuals. From there, the researchers theorized that an individual whose attention has been restored will be less ill tempered, have more self control, and be better able to pick up on social cues (提示), all of which can improve interpersonal interactions.
To test their theory, the researchers asked 28 sets of mothers and daughters to take a 20 minute walk together, following 10 minutes of participating in an activity designed to drain (耗尽) their attention. Half of the sets walked in nature, while the other half walked in a mall.
After testing both the mothers' and daughters' attention and observing their family interactions, the results were clear: A walk in nature increased positive interactions, helping the mothers and daughters get along better. It also increased attention in the mothers. For the daughters, attention was restored after both types of walks, which may be a result of spending family leisure time with their mothers.
Although this study looked only at mothers and daughters, the researchers report that the findings suggest participating in family based nature activities may lead to positive psychological results and improved family functioning, and more so than other types of leisure activities. The study authors also suggest that these positive results can be further improved by adding elements of “routine” (day to day repetitive activities that occur within the family unit in a predictable manner) and “ceremony” (participation in ritualized events, such as celebrations and walks in nature).
8．What does the underlined word “fatigue” in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A．Fear. B．Comfort. C．Tiredness. D．Improvement.
9．What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 3
A．Introduce the content of the test.
B．Summarize the theoretical results.
C．Provide some real events for the theory.
D．Add information about the benefits of the test.
10．Which of the following was a result of the test on mothers and daughters
A．A walk in nature brought them closer.
B．A walk in a mall benefited them more.
C．A walk in any place had the same effect.
D．A walk in a mall damaged their relationships.
11．What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．Fathers and sons can't walk in nature.
B．Outdoor activities improve family life.
C．Families should go out from time to time no matter how busy they are.
D．Families should participate in all activities together.
[答题区]
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
答案
二、阅读七选五
[2023·全国甲卷]
Tricks To Becoming A More Patient Person
Here's a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common There's one answer：__1__.
In the Digital Age, we're used to having what we need immediately and right at our fingertips. However, research suggests that if we practiced patience, we'd be a whole lot better off. Here are several tricks.
·Practice gratitude (感激)
Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic.__2__. “Showing thankfulness can foster self control，” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California.
·Make yourself wait
Instant gratification (满足) may seem like the most “feel good” option at the time, but psychology research suggests waiting for things actually makes us happier in the long run. And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice.__3__. Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake. You'll soon find that the more patience you practice, the more you start to apply it to other, more annoying situations.
·__4__
So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. You should learn to say to yourself, “__5__.” You'll then gradually become more patient.
A．Find your causes
B．Start with small tasks
C．Accept the uncomfortable
D．All this adds up to a state of hurry
E．It can also help us practice more patience
F．This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable
G．They're all situations where we could use a little extra patience
[答题区]
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________
三、语法填空
Inspired by the work of William Beebe, Dr. Sylvia Earle began her work as 1.________ oceanographer at the age of 3 when she 2.________ (knock) off her feet by a wave. She was fascinated by the ocean and its creatures. Although she struggled 3.________ (balance) her studies and family, Earle earned her Ph.D. from Duke University, becoming well known in the marine science community. Early in her career, while she was four 4.________ (month) pregnant, Earle traveled 100 feet below the surface in a submersible (潜水器). Her experience of 5.________ (live) in an underwater marine habitat earned her celebrity status in the scientific community.
With the experience, Earle developed an interest 6.________ deep sea exploration, and in 1979 she broke the record for deep diving at 1，250 feet below the surface in a special suit called the JIM Suit designed to withstand (承受) the 7.________ (press). Earle decided to test the suit as part of her research on a book 8.________ (publish) by National Geographic, and the diving techniques only scratched the surface of the ocean. Following this adventure, Earle started two companies 9.________ could produce deep sea exploration vehicles. The continued advancement in the technology of these vehicles has helped open up areas in the deep sea 10.________ (previous) unexplored.
[答题区]
1．____________ 2.____________ 3.____________ 4.____________ 5.____________ 6．____________ 7.____________ 8.____________ 9.____________ 10.____________一轮组合训练(三)
一、阅读理解
A篇
Having studied John Berger's Ways of Seeing, you will write a four page image analysis essay and interpret what you “see” when you study the visual text. Your focus is not to simply describe the visual text you're analyzing, but to explain to the readers the argument which is proposed by the visual text.
Context：
Some visual texts can motivate, persuade and/or influence people. Advertisements, political cartoons, art or campaign posters that are concerned with social or political issues are examples of this category of visual text. We are surrounded every day by visual arguments or attempts at persuasion.
Instructions：
◆ Select a visual text that you believe presents an argument to its viewers.
◆ Briefly study the visual text you've selected and underline the central argument its designers are trying to make.
◆ Analyze the design elements used and the organization of the text in order to determine some of the decisions the designer or artist has made.
◆ Use the process of “observation/inference/evaluation” to check your essay and determine the tools the designer or artist is using to persuade you.
The Schedule & Due Date：
(All work is due at the beginning of class on the dates listed below; late work will be downgraded.)
March 1st : Select three visual texts for assignment consideration.
March 20th : Berger typed drafts due/A peer editing workshop.
March 22nd: A four page essay by freewriting with images due; Class presentation (25% of your grade).
1．What is your essay expected to center on
A．The description of the visual text.
B．The explanation of the argument of the visual text.
C．The introduction of the design elements.
D．The evaluation of the design tools.
2．What will happen if you submit the essay after March 22nd
A．You will get a lower score.
B．You will receive a zero.
C．You will be given a test.
D．You will have to rewrite it.
3．Where is the text probably taken from
A．A textbook.
B．An exam paper.
C．A course assignment.
D．An academic article.
B篇
Ankit Kawatra may seem like a typical Delhi youngster, but the story of this 25 year old man and Feeding India, a nonprofit organization he started, is not ordinary.
It began in 2014 when Kawatra attended an extravagant (奢侈的) wedding with a menu of over three dozen dishes. He discovered that mountains of leftovers, which could have fed the hungry, would be wasted. India is home to 25% of the world's hungry population, while 58，000 crore (一千万) worth of food is wasted. Even as these facts are staring us in the face, most of us are used to the issue of hunger. Kawatra, however, decided to do something about it.
The next day, he turned up at a wedding in Noida where he persuaded the caterer to donate the extra food. But, at 1：30 am, he ended up with 10 containers of food in his car with no one to offer it to. After refrigerating it overnight, he took it to a shelter where it was served. That's what he did, every time he attended a wedding.
Finally, in May 2014, he quit his day job to start Feeding India. As food poured in from events and restaurants, his initiative grew—within eight months there were 100 volunteers. Today, Feeding India has almost 4，500 volunteers, spanning 44 cities and has served over 6 million meals. Kawatra and his team work with 1，750 shelters.
To address food quality, experts train volunteers in food preservation. “Many times, people don't understand how to donate food，” he says. Feeding India, though, has made it easy, with the helpline. They recently adopted Unnati School, a charity run institution in Gurugram with 70 kids. “The meals have improved enrollment and the kids have grown to 150，” he says.
“My work is far from done，” says Kawatra. “Next year, I want to clock up 100 million meals.”
4．What inspired Kawatra to collect leftovers
A．India is one of the poorest countries in the world.
B．Too much food was wasted at a weeding.
C．He lived in poverty and didn't have enough food.
D．He wanted to seize a chance to earn money.
5．Who does the underlined word “caterer” in Paragraph 3 probably refer to
A．The person who cooks the meal.
B．The person who attends the wedding.
C．The person who collects the leftovers.
D．The person who provides the food.
6．What should you do if you want to donate food to Feeding India
A．Make contact with it by telephone.
B．Deliver the food to it personally.
C．Surf the Internet for more information.
D．Send an e mail to it.
7．What change has taken place in Unnati School
A．Kids become much healthier than before.
B．More kids are willing to study there.
C．The kids in this school study harder.
D．The teaching equipment is improved a lot.
C篇
Personalized medicine changes conventional medicine which typically offers blanket recommendations and offers treatments designed to help more people than they harm but that might not work for you. The approach recognizes we each possess unique characteristics, and that they have an outsize impact on our health.
Around the world, researchers are creating precision tools unimaginable just a decade ago: superfast DNA sequencing (测序), tissue engineering, cell reprogramming, gene editing, and more. The science and technology soon will make it possible to predict your risk of cancer, heart disease, and countless other illnesses years before you get sick. The work also offers prospects for changing genes in removing some diseases.
Last spring, researchers at the National Cancer Institute reported the dramatic recovery of a woman with breast cancer, Judy Perkins. The team, led by Steven Rosenberg, an immune (免疫的) treatment pioneer, had sequenced her cancer cells' DNA to analyze the changes in the genetic structure. The team also extracted a sampling of immune cells and tested them to see which ones recognized her cancer cells' genetic faults. The scientists reproduced the winning immune cells by the billions and put them into Perkins to attack her cancer cells. More than two years later, Perkins, a retired engineer from Florida, shows no signs of cancer.
Thirty years ago, scientists thought that it would be impossible to understand our genetic rules and sequence the 3.2 billion pairs of different elements in our DNA. “It was like you were talking fairy tales，” Razelle Kurzrock said. “The conventional wisdom was that it would never happen. Never! And then in 2003, never was over.”
It took the Human Genome Project 13 years, roughly one billion dollars, and scientists from six countries to sequence one gene complex. Today sequencing costs about a thousand dollars. The latest machines can produce the results in a day. The technology, combined with advanced cell analysis, clarifies the astonishing biochemical variations that make every human body unique.
8．What can we know about personalized medicine
A．It has emerged a decade before.
B．It offers blanket recommendations.
C．It uses genetic information to help patients.
D．It administers treatment intended for most people.
9．Which best describes those precision tools
A．Promising. B．Highly risky. C．Fruitless. D．Strictly confidential.
10．What happened in the process of treating Judy Perkins' breast cancer
A．Sequencing her immune cells. B．Reprogramming her cancer cells.
C．Analysis of her lifestyle changes. D．Identification of cancer fighting cells.
11．What's the last paragraph mainly talking about concerning sequencing
A．Its recent advances.
B．Its wide applications.
C．Its major disadvantages.
D．Its attractive prospects.
[答题区]
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
答案
二、完形填空
[2023·新课标Ⅰ卷]On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have __1__ the course earlier than she did. Her __2__ came because she was carrying a __3__ across the finish line.
As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two thirds of the way through her __4__ when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She __5__ to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with __6__. She couldn't. Bailey then __7__ to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get __8__ attention.
Once there, Lenoue was __9__ and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme __10__ to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey's help.
As for Bailey, she is more __11__ about why her act is considered a big __12__. “She was just crying. I couldn't __13__ her，” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.”
Although the two young women were strangers before the __14__， they've since become friends. Neither won the race, but the __15__ of human kindness won the day.
1．A.designed B．followed C．changed D．finished
2．A.delay B．chance C．trouble D．excuse
3．A.judge B．volunteer C．classmate D．competitor
4．A.race B．school C．town D．training
5．A.agreed B．returned C．stopped D．promised
6．A.courage B．aid C．patience D．advice
7．A.went away B．stood up C．stepped aside D．bent down
8．A.medical B．public C．constant D．equal
9．A.interrupted B．assessed C．identified D．appreciated
10．A.hunger B．pain C．cold D．tiredness
11．A.worried B．ashamed C．confused D．discouraged
12．A.game B．problem C．lesson D．deal
13．A.leave B．cure C．bother D．understand
14．A.ride B．test C．meet D．show
15．A.secret B．display C．benefit D．exchange
[答题区]
1～5 ________________ 6～10 ________________ 11～15 ________________
