福建省 Z&W 联盟2024届高三下学期6月模拟英语试题

福建省 Z&W 联盟2024届高三下学期6月模拟英语试题
（2024·福建模拟） 阅读理解
Make life as easy as possible with devices and gear designed to simplify your travels — whether that means charging on the go, neat organizers or lightweight storage for no-trouble quick trips.
LARQ Bottle Filter (过滤器)
This innovative drinking bottle with a low-pressure sucker is designed to filter water on the go, wiping out pollutants such as chlorine (氯) for a refreshing taste. The filter will work on up to 151 litres of water before needing to be replaced — the equivalent (等同) of around 300 single-use plastic bottles. Available in 500ml ( 58) and 740ml ( 68) sizes.
Stubble & Co Adventure Bag
This 42-litre backpack has an easy-access clamshell (翻盖) design that opens to reveal zipped parts of various sizes, including a waterproof pocket for shoes. It also features a laptop sleeve, water bottle pocket and hidden parts for valuables. Available in black, olive, blue and orange. 195.
Shokz OpenFit
Shokz's lightweight earphones sit on top of the ear canal, meaning they're comfortable enough to wear for long periods. The 28-hour battery life ensures you won't need to charge them on an overnight trip, though it's easy enough to do so by plugging in the small, accompanying case. The Shokz App allows you to customize the controls, too. 179.
July Carry On Pro
For those who prefer not to carry luggage on their backs, this smart roller is the perfect overnighter. It has two separate internal parts, a waterproof polycarbonate (聚碳酸酯) hard shell and a zipped front part in which to store a laptop. The integrated, removable power bank allows travelers to charge devices on the go. 275.
1．What is special about LARQ Bottle Filter
A．It is of various sizes.
B．It makes for health.
C．It is used to store water.
D．It replaces 300 plastic bottles.
2．Which is suitable for listening to music
A．Shokz OpenFit. B．July Carry On Pro.
C．LARQ Bottle Filter. D．Stubble & Co Adventure Bag.
3．What is the text
A．A travel diary. B．A life description.
C．A science instruction. D．A sales advertisement.
【答案】1．B
2．A
3．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；时文广告类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了适合简化旅行的四种轻便设备的用途、特点、款型和价格等。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、推理判断题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
1．考查细节理解。根据LARQ Bottle Filter (过滤器) 部分中的"This innovative drinking bottle with a low-pressure sucker is designed to filter water on the go, wiping out pollutants such as chlorine (氯) for a refreshing taste. "这款带有低压吸管的创新饮水瓶可以在旅途中过滤水，去除氯等污染物，使水的口感清爽。可知，LARQ Bottle Filter可以在旅途中过滤水，使水的口感清爽，即它有利于健康。故选B。
2．考查细节理解。根据Shokz OpenFit 部分中的"Shokz's lightweight earphones sit on top of the ear canal, meaning they're comfortable enough to wear for long periods. "Shokz的轻便耳机可以放在耳道上方，这意味着它们足够舒适，可以长时间佩戴。可知，Shokz轻巧的耳机可以放在耳道上方，长时间佩戴它们足够舒适，即它可用于听音乐。故选A。
3．考查推理判断。通读全文，以及各个部分的小标题以及段尾的价格可推知，本文是一则广告。故选D。
（2024·福建模拟） 阅读理解：
Adding to the achievements of a remarkable year, Taylor Swift has been named Time magazine's Person of the Year for 2023.
Already a superstar before 2023, Swift's career has reached new heights thanks to the beginning of her Eras Tour that brought her 3.5-hour performance to 66 shows in 23 cities across North America, Argentina and Brazil. Promoted by her tour, Swift has been named the most-streamed female artist in the history of Spotify and Apple Music. According to Billboard, the tour made about $900 million (about 6.4 billion yuan) in 2023. In addition, the tour's movie Taylor Swift: The Eras Tour became the biggest concert movie of all time, taking more than $250 million globally.
As she was declared (宣布) a billionaire by Bloomberg in November, a hidden "Taylor Swift economy" also promoted sales for business owners across the US. From soaps to a cruise inspired by her different "eras", interest in Swift-related products went way up.
Apart from her financial contributions, Swift made a significant cultural impact by taking back control of her music. In 2019, her old record label, Big Machine, sold the master tapes of her first six albums (专辑) to Scooter Braun. The sale meant that she didn't have the rights to the albums. In response to this, Swift began re-recording her first six albums, tagging (加标签于) them "Taylor's Version". This move stressed her belief that artists deserve to own their work. "It's all in how you deal with loss," she told Time. "I respond to extreme pain by resisting."
Heading into 2024, Swift will start the Eras Tour again in Japan and Australia. As USA Today noted, "Her current top has been a long time coming, but it may also be just beginning."
4．What do we know about Taylor Swift
A．She broke a new record on her tour.
B．She toured South America before 2023.
C．Her achievements received great recognition.
D．Her performance began with the Apple Music.
5．How did Taylor Swift benefit from her Eras Tour
A．She proved herself to be an artist.
B．She learned to make some products.
C．She got rich and regained album rights.
D．She sold her master tapes to a company.
6．What can we learn about Taylor Swift from the last paragraph
A．She will end her music career.
B．She will continue her Eras Tour.
C．She will reach her top in Japan.
D．She will make a record in Australia.
7．What is the author's attitude towards Taylor Swift
A．Admirable. B．Uncaring. C．Doubtful. D．Critical.
【答案】4．C
5．C
6．B
7．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；新闻报道类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍的是泰勒·斯威夫特（Taylor Swift）在2023年被《时代》杂志评为年度人物。以及在过去一年中在音乐方面所取得的成绩以及2024年的演唱会计划。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题和推理判断题两种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段中"Adding to the achievements of a remarkable year, Taylor Swift has been named Time magazine's Person of the Year for 2023.(泰勒·斯威夫特被《时代》杂志评为2023年年度人物，为这非凡的一年增添了新的成就。)"可知，泰勒·斯威夫特的成就受到了极大的认可。故选C。
5．细节理解题。根据第三段中"As she was declared (宣布) a billionaire by Bloomberg in November, a hidden "Taylor Swift economy" also promoted sales for business owners across the US. (去年11月，当她被Bloomberg宣布为亿万富翁时，一种隐藏的"泰勒·斯威夫特经济"也促进了全美企业主的销售。)"以及第四段中"Apart from her financial contributions, Swift made a significant cultural impact by taking back control of her music. (除了经济上的贡献，斯威夫特还通过重新掌控自己的音乐产生了重大的文化影响。)"可知，泰勒·斯威夫特获得了两方面的利益，一方面是获得财富变得富有，另一方面是重新掌控自己的音乐即重新获得专辑版权。故选C。
6．细节理解题。根据最后一段"Heading into 2024, Swift will start the Eras Tour again in Japan and Australia. As USA Today noted, "Her current top has been a long time coming, but it may also be just beginning."(进入2024年，斯威夫特将再次在日本和澳大利亚开始"时代之旅"。正如《今日美国》所指出的那样，"她现在的巅峰经历了很长时间，但也可能只是刚刚开始。")"可知，2024年，她将再次在日本和澳大利亚开始巡演，即她将继续她的巡演。故选B。
7．推理判断题。根据第一段中"Adding to the achievements of a remarkable year, Taylor Swift has been named Time magazine's Person of the Year for 2023.(泰勒·斯威夫特被《时代》杂志评为2023年年度人物，为这非凡的一年增添了新的成就。)"以及第二段中"Already a superstar before 2023, Swift's career has reached new heights thanks to the beginning of her Eras Tour that brought her 3.5-hour performance to 66 shows in 23 cities across North America, Argentina and Brazil.(在2023年之前，斯威夫特就已经是一个超级巨星了，她的职业生涯达到了新的高度，这要归功于她的时代巡演的开始，她在北美、阿根廷和巴西的23个城市进行了3.5小时的66场演出。)"可知，在作者看来斯威夫特是超级巨星，并且也是被评委2023年年度人物，故作者对其是非常赞赏的。A选项"Admirable.(赞赏的)"符合作者的态度。故选A。
（2024·福建模拟） 阅读理解
Jorg Muller, an ecologist at the University of Würzburg, with his colleagues, proposes a way to measure the biodiversity—listen to the jungle by AI, in a paper published in Nature Communications.
The rainforests are very important and always alive with the sounds of animals, which is useful to ecologists. When it comes to measuring the biodiversity of a piece of land, listening out for animal caller is more effective than uncovering the bushes looking for tracks and paw prints. The latter analysis method is time-consuming, and it requires an expert pair of ears. Muller's idea was to apply the principle of smartphone apps which can identify the sounds of birds, bats and mammals to conservation work.
The researchers took recordings from across 43 sites in the rainforests. Some sites were relatively primitive, old-growth forests. Others were areas that had just been cleared for pasture(牧场) recently. And some other original forests had been cleared but then abandoned, allowing themselves to regrow. The various calls were identified by an expert,and then used to construct a list of the species present. As expected, the longer the land had been free from agricultural activity, the greater biodiversity it hosted. Then it was the computer's turn. "We found that the AI tools could identify the sounds as well as the experts," says Dr. Muller.
Of course, not everything in a rainforest makes a noise. Dr. Muller and his colleagues used light traps to catch night-flying insects, and DNA analysis to identify them. They found that the diversity of noisy animals was a reliable representative for the diversity of the quieter ones, too.
Besides measuring the biodiversity, the results are also expected to be applied to outside ecology departments. Under pressure from their customers, firms like L'Oreal, a make-up company, and Shell, an oil firm, have been spending money on forest restoration projects around the world. Dr. Muller hopes that an automated approach to checking on the results could help monitor such efforts, and give a standard way to measure whether they are working as well as their sponsors say.
8．Why does Muller propose to measure biodiversity with AI
A．To make a new conservation principle.
B．To seek away fit for hot environments.
C．To work more efficiently than manpower
D．To study the rainforests more specifically.
9．How was the identification work of AI tools on the 43 sites
A．It agreed with the work from experts..
B．It identified different types of raintarests.
C．It recorded more sounds in the abandoned forests.
D．It was used to restore the biodiversity for pasture.
10．What does the author indicate in paragraph 4
A．DNA analysis is skeptical in the research.
B．Quiet animals are as diverse as noisy ones.
C．A rainforest is always full of various noises.
D．AI technology is used to catch the insects.
11．What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A．The research focuses on biodiversity only.
B．L'Oreal and Shell develop monitoring apps.
C．The research will assist in forest restoration.
D．AI's help will attract some sponsors'investment.
【答案】8．C
9．A
10．B
11．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一种可以测量热带雨林中生物多样性的人工智能工具。作者认为这种人工智能工具比较高效，并且有望被应用于森林恢复工程。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
8．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"When it comes to measuring the biodiversity of a piece of land, listening out for animal caller is more effective than uncovering the bushes looking for tracks and paw prints. The latter analysis method is time-consuming, and it requires an expert pair of ears."在测量一块土地的生物多样性时，倾听动物的叫声比揭开灌木丛寻找足迹和爪印更有效。后一种分析方法耗时长，需要一双专家的耳朵。可知，穆勒提出用人工智能来衡量生物多样性是因为比人力更有效率地工作。故选C。
9．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"‘We found that the AI tools could identify the sounds as well as the experts,' says Dr. Muller.""我们发现人工智能工具可以像专家一样识别声音，"穆勒博士说。可知，人工智能工具可以像专家一样辨认出不同物种的声音。故选A。
10．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的"They found that the diversity of noisy animals was a reliable representative for the diversity of the quieter ones, too."他们发现，嘈杂动物的多样性也是安静动物多样性的可靠代表。可推知，作者在第4段指出安静的动物和嘈杂的动物一样具有多样性。故选B。
11．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"Dr. Muller hopes that an automated approach to checking on the results could help monitor such efforts, and give a standard way to measure whether they are working as well as their sponsors say."穆勒博士希望一种自动检查结果的方法可以帮助监督这些努力，并提供一种标准方法来衡量它们是否像赞助商所说的那样有效。可知，从最后一段可推知这项研究将有助于森林恢复。故选C。
（2024·福建模拟） 阅读理解
Pick up any packaged processed food, and there's a decent chance that one of its listed ingredients will be "natural flavor". The ingredient sounds good, particularly in contrast to "artificial flavor". But what exactly does natural flavor mean It refers to extracts (提取物) got from natural sources like plants, meat or seafood. When consumers see "natural flavor" on a label, they are unlikely to assume that someone is squeezing the juice from oranges into their bottle. They know even though natural flavor must come from natural sources, it needn't all come from the plant or meat. For example, orange flavor might contain not only orange extract, but also extracts from bark and grass. Nor is the common belief true that ingredients extracted from nature are necessarily safer than something artificially made.
So if flavors like orange are needed, why not just use oranges The answer comes down to "availability, cost and sustainability", according to flavor chemist Gary Reineccius of the University of Minnesota. "If you're going to use all your grapes on grape soda," Reineccius says, "you don't have any grapes for wine making; the products are going to be exorbitant; besides, what do you do with the by-products you create after you've squeezed all the juice out of the grape "
Actually, while chemists make natural flavors by extracting chemicals from natural ingredients, artificial flavors are made by creating the same chemicals artificially. The reason why companies bother to use natural flavors rather than artificial flavors is simple: marketing. "Many of these products have health titles," says Platkin, professor from Hunter College. "Consumers may be talked to believe products with natural flavors are healthier, though they're nutritionally no different from those with artificial flavors. Natural flavors may involve more forest clear-cutting and carbon emissions from transport than flavors created in the lab."
Platkin suggests getting more transparent labeling on packaging that describes exactly what the natural or artificial flavors are, so consumers are not misled into buying one product over another because of "natural flavors". Reineccius also offers some simple guidance: "Don't buy anything because it says ‘natural flavors'. Buy it because you like it."
12．Which is a misunderstanding about the "natural flavor" juice according to paragraph 1
A．It comes from 100% original fruit.
B．It is nothing but advertising tricks.
C．It certainly contains extracts made in the lab.
D．It is absolutely safer than juice with artificial flavors.
13．What does the underlined word "exorbitant" in paragraph 2 probably mean
A．Popular. B．Expensive. C．Durable. D．Innovative.
14．Why do companies use natural flavors in their products
A．To cut the costs. B．To promote the sales.
C．To advocate a healthy diet. D．To avoid food safety issues.
15．What can we conclude from the text
A．Gary and Platkin hold opposite perspectives.
B．Natural flavors are more environmentally-friendly.
C．Customers are misled for ignoring labels on packaging.
D．Natural and artificial flavors are more alike than you think.
【答案】12．D
13．B
14．B
15．D
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；说明文；日常生活类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了天然风味的来源，使用天然风味的原因，及天然风味和人造风味的相似。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
12．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Nor is the common belief true that ingredients extracted from nature are necessarily safer than something artificially made."人们普遍认为, 从大自然中提取的成分一定比人工制造的成分更安全, 这也是不对的。可知,"天然风味果汁绝对比添加人工香料的果汁更安全"属于误解。 故选D。
13．考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的"‘If you're going to use all your grapes on grape soda,' Reineccius says, ‘you don't have any grapes for wine making; the products are going to be exorbitant; besides, what do you do with the by-products you create after you've squeezed all the juice out of the grapes '""如果你打算把所有的葡萄都用在葡萄汽水上，"Reineccius说，"你没有任何葡萄用来酿酒，产品价格会exorbitant；此外，你怎么处理榨干葡萄汁后产生的副产品呢？"说明把所有的葡萄都用在葡萄汽水上，你没有任何葡萄用来酿酒，产品价格会过高，从而推知"you don't have any grapes for wine making; the products are going to be exorbitant"你没有任何葡萄用来酿酒，产品价格会很贵。划线词exorbitant是"昂贵的"之意，故选B。
14．考查细节理解。 根据第三段中的"The reason why companies bother to use natural flavors rather than artificial flavors is simple: marketing."公司使用天然风味而不是人工风味的原因很简单：营销。可知, 公司在他们的产品中使用天然香料是为了营销, 故选B。
15．考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的"‘Many of these products have health titles,' says Platkin, professor from Hunter College. ‘Consumers may be talked to believe products with natural flavours are healthier, though they are nutritionally no different from those with artificial flavours. Natural flavours may involve more forest clear-cutting and carbon emissions from transport than flavours created in the lab.'"亨特学院教授普拉特金说："许多这些产品都有健康的标题。""消费者可能会被告知相信天然风味的产品更健康，尽管它们在营养上与人造风味没有什么不同。与实验室制造的口味相比，天然风味可能涉及更多的森林砍伐和运输过程中的碳排放。"可推知天然风味和人工风味的相似之处比你想象的要多。故选D。
（2024·福建模拟） 根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Challenges are part of life and something we can all expect to encounter at one point or another during our lifetime. We handle challenges differently;some of us choose to face them head-on, while others flee in uncertainty.　16． 　The following are simple methods and strategies we can all employ to overcome challenges more effectively.
　17． 　Nike couldn't have said it any better with their slogan, "Just do it! "Some challenges require us to do just that. Grab the bull by its horns and have the courage to conquer it, no matter how unsure we might feel. Some challenges are urgent and require immediate attention, leaving us with no option but to go ahead full-steam.
Educate ourselves. The reason why some issues prove challenging for us is that we aren't familiar with them.　18． 　The internet, books, forums, etc. , offer platforms where we can research and learn about our challenges to find strategies against them. Knowledge is definitely powerful and essential in conquering anything.
Be persistent. This is what is required to accomplish anything, especially when it comes to overcoming challenges. No matter how difficult our challenges might be, we must be willing to push through and try again and again until we achieve victory over them.　19． 　.
Ask for help. There are times when we can't go it alone and need others to help us conquer whatever challenges we face.　20． 　Networking with like-minded individuals who can offer us support, suggestions, and solutions is useful in helping us overcome challenges.
A. Meet them head-on.
B. Adapt a different strategy.
C. It is said that two heads are better than one.
D. If we give up, we allow the challenges to conquer us instead.
E. Therefore, our knowledge and ability to conquer them is limited.
F. Whatever our positions, we all wish to conquer them and move on.
G. Some challenges can be overwhelming, making us question our ability to overcome them.
【答案】16．F；17．A；18．E；19．D；20．C
【知识点】说明文；七选五；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍应对挑战的方法。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇教育类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
16．根据空前"We handle challenges differently; some of us choose to face them head-on, while others flee in uncertainty."我们应对挑战的方式各有不同；我们中的一些人选择拥抱并正面面对它们，而另一些人则在不确定中逃离；以及空后"The following are simple methods and strategies we can all employ to overcome challenges more effectively."下面是一些简单的方法和策略，我们都可以用来更有效地克服挑战。可知，此处承上启下，说明无论如何，我们都要克服困难。F. Whatever our positions, we all wish to conquer them and move on."无论我们的立场是什么，我们都希望克服它们并继续前进。"符合语境，故选F。
17．根据空后"Nike couldn't have said it any better with their slogan, "Just do it!" Some challenges require us to do just that. Grab the bull by its horns and have the courage to conquer it, no matter how unsure we might feel. Some challenges are urgent and require immediate attention, leaving us with no option but to go ahead full-steam."耐克用他们的口号"Just do it! "来表达这一点再好不过了。有些挑战要求我们这样做。无论我们感觉多么不确定，请迎难而上，勇敢征服困难。有些挑战是紧迫的，需要立即关注，我们别无选择，只能全力以赴。可知，该段主要讲述A. Meet them head-on."直面挑战"。故选A。
18．根据空前"The reason why some issues prove challenging for us is that we aren't familiar with them."有些问题对我们来说具有挑战性的原因是我们不熟悉它们。此处承接上文说明不熟悉导致的结果。E. Therefore, our knowledge and ability to conquer them is limited."因此，我们征服它们的知识和能力是有限的"符合语境，故选E。
19．根据空前"No matter how difficult our challenges might be, we must be willing to push through and try again and again until we achieve victory over them."无论挑战有多么困难，我们都必须愿意坚持下去，一次又一次地尝试，直到取得胜利。可知，此处是对上文内容的补充，D. If we give up, we allow the challenges to conquer us instead."如果我们放弃，我们反过来就会让挑战征服我们。"为反向叙述后果，符合语境，故选D。
20．根据空前"There are times when we can't go it alone and need others to help us conquer whatever challenges we face."有时我们无法独自应对，需要他人来帮助我们克服所面临的任何挑战。可知，人多力量大，与志同道合的人建立联系，他们可以为我们提供支持、建议或解决方案，而这些建议有助于帮助我们克服挑战。C. It is said that two heads are better than one."俗语说：人多力量大"承接上文，符合语境，故选C。
（2024·福建模拟） 阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选岀可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
Although many over-processed foods can satisfy the desire for sweet, fatty, salty foods, research suggests these items are particularly bad for the heart and brain, with mood and cognition taking a hit.
The most recent research looking at the 21． of over-processed food found the most far-reaching results. Researchers 22． direct links between higher consumption of over-processed foods and a greater risk of many health issues.
These results are 23． earlier studies. Diets high in these foods were linked to greater risk of depression and anxiety, according to an analysis published in the journal Nutrients. In one of these studies, risk rose from 24． just 33 percent of calories from over-processed food. A separate study found that taking in just 20 percent of calories from these foods was linked to a 28 percent faster rate of cognitive 25． compared with people who ate less processed food.
Also 26． is a study tracking about half a million people living in England, Scotland, and Wales that found the risk of dementia (痴呆) went up by 25 percent for every 10 percent increase in over-processed food. While the exact cause-and-effect relationship is still unknown, the strongest evidence from prospective studies 27． the idea that eating high amounts of over-processed foods increases the risk of depression in the future.
It is common knowledge that eating too much salt or sugar is linked to high blood pressure and Type 2 diabetes. What the public may not appreciate, 28． , is that all these conditions affect the brain by raising the risk for dementia. 29． such as certain artificial sweeteners may also disturb the production and release of brain chemicals, such as dopamine, which can negatively affect mental and emotional 30． .
Another problem with over-processed foods is that they might be addictive. Over-processed foods have more in common with a(n) 31． than foods by Mother Nature. Humans have evolved to respond to foods that are sweet fatty, and high in calories. For most of human existence this helped us 32． . But in nature, foods are 33． modestly high in sugar — like berries — or high in fat, like nuts. You don't find foods high in both sugar and fat. That's a distinctive 34． of over-processed foods. Add in salt, artificial flavorings and bright colors, and our brain simply 35． these foods.
21．A． recipe B． flavor C． preparation D． impact
22．A． promoted B． identified C． evaluated D． dismissed
23．A． contrary to B． consistent with
C． concerned about D． dependent on
24．A． consuming B． calculating C． reducing D． burning
25．A． improvement B． advantage C． quality D． decline
26．A． reassuring B． contradictory
C． alarming D． sustainable
27．A． goes against B． casts doubt on
C． leans towards D． puts forward
28．A． however B． therefore
C． by chance D． for instance
29．A． Decorations B． Additives
C． Options D． Contributors
30．A． problem B． capacity C． outburst D． well-being
31．A． appetizer B． cigarette C． dessert D． snack
32．A． survive B． emerge C． venture D． mature
33．A． still B． barely C． only D． rather
34．A． nutrition B． taste
C． dish D． characteristic
35．A． gains insight into B． loses control over
C． shows concern for D． gets hold of
【答案】21．D；22．B；23．B；24．A；25．D；26．C；27．C；28．A；29．B；30．D；31．B；32．A；33．C；34．D；35．B
【知识点】说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，研究表明，过度加工食品对心脏和大脑尤其有害，情绪和认知会受到影响。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
21．句意：最近关于过度加工食品影响的研究发现了最深远的结果。A. recipe"烹饪"；B. flavor"味道"；C. preparation"准备"；D. impact"影响"。根据上文"Although many over-processed foods can satisfy the desire for sweet, fatty, salty foods, research suggests these items are particularly bad for the heart and brain, with mood and cognition taking a hit."尽管许多过度加工的食物可以满足人们对甜食、高脂肪、高盐食物的渴望，但研究表明这些食物对心脏和大脑尤其有害，情绪和认知会受到影响。说明过度加工食品对健康是有影响的，可知此处指对过度加工食品的影响的研究，故选D。
22．句意：研究人员发现过度加工食品的高消耗和许多健康问题的高风险之间存在直接联系。A. promoted"提升"；B. identified"确认"；C. evaluated"评估"；D. dismissed"解雇"。根据上文"The most recent research looking at the 1 of over-processed food found the most far-reaching results."可知，研究者研究了过度加工食物的影响，此处指发现了过度加工食品的高消耗和许多健康问题的高风险之间存在直接联系，故选B。
23．句意：这些结果与早期的研究一致。A. contrary to"相反的"；B. consistent with"一致的"；C. concerned about"关心的"；D. dependent on"依靠的"。根据下文"Diets high in these foods were linked to greater risk of depression and anxiety, according to an analysis published in the journal Nutrients."可知，发表在《营养》杂志上的一项分析，富含这些食物的饮食与更大的抑郁和焦虑风险有关，说明这些结果与早期的研究一致，故选B。
24．句意：在其中一项研究中，从过度加工的食物中摄入33%的热量会增加患病风险。A. consuming"消耗，吃，喝"；B. calculating"计算"；C. reducing"减少"；D. burning"燃烧"。根据空后"just 33 percent of calories from over-processed food."可知，此处指从过度加工的食物中摄入33%的热量就会增加患病风险，故选A。
25．句意：另一项独立研究发现，与较少食用加工食品的人相比，从这些食物中仅摄入20%热量的人认知能力下降的速度要快28%。A. improvement"提升"；B. advantage"优势"；C. quality"质量"；D. decline"下降"。根据上文"Although many over-processed foods can satisfy the desire for sweet, fatty, salty foods, research suggests these items are particularly bad for the heart and brain, with mood and cognition taking a hit."尽管许多过度加工的食物可以满足人们对甜食、高脂肪、高盐食物的渴望，但研究表明这些食物对心脏和大脑尤其有害，情绪和认知会受到影响，说明从这些食物中仅摄入20%热量的人认知能力下降的速度要快28%。故选D。
26．句意：同样令人担忧的是，一项追踪生活在英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士约50万人的研究发现，消耗的过度加工食品每增加10%，患痴呆症的风险就会增加25%。A. reassuring"可靠的"；B. contradictory "矛盾的"；C. alarming"令人担忧的"；D. sustainable"可维持的"。根据空后"the risk ofdementia(痴呆) went up by 25 percent for every 10 percent increase in over-processed food."可知，消耗的过度加工食品每增加10%，患痴呆症的风险就会增加25%，这是令人担忧的，故选C。
27．句意：虽然确切的因果关系仍然未知，但前瞻性研究的最有力证据倾向于这样一种观点，即食用大量过度加工食品会增加未来患抑郁症的风险。A. goes against"违背"；B. casts doubt on"怀疑"；C. leans towards"倾向于"；D. puts forward"提出"。根据空后"the idea that eating high amounts of over-processed foods increases the risk of depression in the future"可知，前瞻性研究的最有力证据倾向于这样一种观点，即食用大量过度加工食品会增加未来患抑郁症的风险，故选C。
28．句意：然而，公众可能不知道的是，所有这些情况都会通过增加患痴呆症的风险来影响大脑。A. however"然而"；B. therefore"因此"；C. by chance"偶然"；D. for instance"例如"。根据空前"It is common knowledge that eating too much salt or sugar is linked to high blood pressure and Type 2 diabetes."；以及"What the public may not appreciate, 8 , is that all these conditions affect the brain by raising the risk for dementia."可知，前后句是转折关系：众所周知，吃太多盐或糖与高血压和二型糖尿病有关，然而公众可能不知道的是，所有这些情况都会通过增加患痴呆症的风险来影响大脑，故选A。
29．句意：某些人工甜味剂等添加剂也可能干扰大脑化学物质（如多巴胺）的产生和释放，从而对精神和情绪健康产生负面影响。A. Decorations"装饰"；B. Additives"添加剂"；C. Options"选择"；D. Contributors"贡献者"。根据空后"such as certain artificial sweeteners"可知，人工甜味剂是一种添加剂，故选B。
30．句意：某些人工甜味剂等添加剂也可能干扰大脑化学物质（如多巴胺）的产生和释放，从而对精神和情绪健康产生负面影响。A. problem"问题"；B. capacity"能力"；C. outburst"爆发"；D. well-being"健康"。根据空前" 9 such as certain artificial sweeteners may also disturb the production and release of brain chemicals"可知，某些人工甜味剂等添加剂也可能干扰大脑化学物质（如多巴胺）的产生和释放，从而对精神和情绪健康产生负面影响，故选D。
31．句意：比起大自然的食物，过度加工的食物与香烟更相似。A. appetizer"开胃小吃"；B. cigarette "香烟"；C. dessert"点心"；D. snack"零食"。根据上文"Another problem with over-processed foods is that they might be addictive."可知，过度加工食品的另一个问题是它们可能会上瘾，说明它和香烟一样让人上瘾，故选B。
32．句意：在人类存在的大部分时间里，这帮助我们生存下来。A. survive"存活"；B. emerge"出现"；C. venture"敢于冒险"；D. mature"成熟"。根据上文"Humans have evolved to respond to foods that are sweet, fatty, and high in calories."可知，人类已经进化到对甜食、高脂肪和高热量的食物做出反应，说明在人类存在的大部分时间里，这帮助我们生存下来，故选A。
33．句意：但是在自然界中，仅仅只有一些食物的含糖量不高，比如浆果，脂肪含量也不高，比如坚果。A. still"仍然"；B. barely"几乎不"；C. only"仅仅"；D. rather"相当"。根据空后"modestly high in sugar — like berries — or high in fat, like nuts."可知，但是在自然界中，仅仅只有浆果的含糖量不高，坚果的脂肪含量不高，故答案为C。
34．句意：这是过度加工食品的一个显著特征。A. nutrition"营养"；B. taste"口味"；C. dish "菜"；D. characteristic"特点"。根据上文"You don't find foods high in both sugar and fat."可知，你不会发现高糖和高脂肪的食物，说明这是过度加工食品的一个显著特征，故选D。
35．句意：再加上盐、人工调味品和鲜艳的颜色，我们的大脑就会失去对这些食物的控制。A. gains insight into"洞察到"；B. loses control over"失去对...…的控制"；C. shows concern for "对…...表示关心"；D. gets hold of"得到"。根据空前"Add in salt, artificial flavorings and bright colors,"再加上盐、人工调味品和鲜艳的颜色，说明我们的大脑就会被这些食物所吸引，失去对这些食物的控制，故选B。
（2024·福建模拟） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Following the barbecue-induced travel craze to the city of Zibo in East China, Chinese social media has once again highlighted the next internet-famous city worthy of 　36． 　(explore).
This time it's Tianshui, a low-key city in China's Gansu province that 　37． 　(take) the spotlight recently. It has attracted considerable attention 　38． 　 food enthusiasts and social media influencers online, 　39． 　 (celebrate) the city's iconic dish of hot pot.
Known as Tianshui Malatang, which 　40． 　 (literal) means spicy and hot, the local dish is popular for its large portion of skewered meat, vegetables,　41． 　 hand-made potato noodles in a pot of boiling broth (肉汤). Two food bloggers, with over 3 million followers in their account on the popular Chinese Weibo,　42． 　(be) among the influencers praising the deliciousness of Tianshui Malatang. Their vlogs show eager food enthusiasts lining up on the streets, many of 　43． 　traveled from cities far away. Dong Liangyan, 29, from Daqing in Heilongjiang province,　44． 　(locate) more than 2,000 km away from Tianshui, told Xinhua that she was absolutely delighted 　45． 　(enjoy) the local delicacy.
【答案】36．exploration/being explored；37．has taken；38．from/of；39．celebrating；40．literally；41．and；42．are；43．whom；44．located；45．to enjoy
【知识点】故事阅读类；新闻报道类；人文地理类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了天水市的麻辣烫吸引了美食博主和远道而来的食客，展示了对当地特色美食的喜爱。
【点评】考查语法填空。本题考点涉及名词，连词，介词，副词，时态，语态，主谓一致，非谓语动词以及定语从句等多个知识点的考查。要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。语法填空实用解题策略如下。一、分析句子结构。在面对语法填空题时，首先要做的是分析句子的结构。观察句子中的主语、谓语、宾语等主要成分，以及是否有从句、非谓语动词等复杂结构。通过理解句子结构，可以更好地把握填空处所需的词性和功能。二、确定词性变化。根据句子结构和语境，确定填空处所需的词性。然后，根据语法规则，考虑所需的词性是否需要进行变化，如名词的单复数、动词的时态和语态、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级等。确保所填词汇在语法上与句子其他部分相匹配。三、牢记固定搭配。英语中存在大量的固定搭配和短语，这些搭配在语法填空题中经常出现。因此，需要牢记常见的固定搭配和短语，以便在解题时能够迅速识别并正确填空。四、注意时态语态。时态和语态是英语语法填空的重要考点。在解题时，要注意根据句子的语境和上下文，判断所需动词的时态和语态。同时，也要注意时态和语态的一致性，确保所填词汇与句子的时态和语态相符。五、理解上下文语境。语境对于语法填空题的解答至关重要。通过理解句子的上下文，可以更好地理解填空处所需的词汇和语法结构。因此，在解题时，要仔细阅读句子的前后文，把握句子的整体意义，以便更好地填空。六、利用常识和逻辑。在某些情况下，可以利用常识和逻辑来解答语法填空题。例如，根据常识判断所填词汇是否符合常理，或者根据逻辑判断所填词汇是否与前后的句子内容相符合。通过利用常识和逻辑，可以更加准确地填空。七、多做练习总结。最后，多做练习是提高语法填空解题能力的有效途径。通过大量的练习，我们可以熟悉各种题型和考点，提高解题速度和准确率。同时，也要及时总结错题原因，分析解题思路和方法，以便更好地掌握语法填空题的解题技巧。
36．句意：继烧烤引发的淄博旅游热潮之后，中国社交媒体再次强调了下一个值得探索的网红城市。根据句子结构分析可知，此处使用名词作宾语，需要的词义为"探索"，即exploration，它为不可数名词；根据句子结构和语境分析可知， "worthy of 1(explore)."在句中做后置定语修饰名词city，故空处为非谓语，动词explore与其逻辑主语city构成逻辑上的被动关系，表示"被探索"，且空处谓语介词of之后，故用现在分词的被动式。故填exploration/being explored 。
37．句意：这一次是天水，中国甘肃省一个低调的城市，最近引起了人们的关注。根据句子结构和语境分析可知，空处为定语从句的谓语动词，根据"recently"可知，谓语动词应该使用现在完成时，主语that指代先行词Tianshui，为单数意义，故填has taken。
38．句意：它吸引了美食爱好者和社交媒体网红的大量关注，庆祝了这座城市的标志性菜肴——火锅。根据语境分析可知，此处应该填入介词，表示"从某人或某物那里"，结合固定短语attract attention of/from "吸引......的注意力/关注"，因此使用from/of，故填from/of。
39．句意：它吸引了美食爱好者和社交媒体网红的大量关注，庆祝这座城市的标志性菜肴——火锅。分析句子结构可知，celebrate在句子中为非谓语动词，它和逻辑主语"food enthusiasts and social media influencers"之间为主动关系，因此使用现在分词作状语，故填celebrating。
40．句意：被称为"天水麻辣烫"，字面意思是辛辣和热的，这道菜因其大量的肉串、蔬菜和手工制作的土豆面在一锅沸腾的汤中而广受欢迎。根据句子结构分析，空处应使用副词在句中作状语修饰谓语动词means，需要的词义为"字面上"，故填literally。
41．意：被称为"天水麻辣烫"，字面意思是辛辣和热的，这道菜因其大量的肉串、蔬菜和手工制作的土豆面在一锅沸腾的汤中而广受欢迎。根据句子结构和语境分析可知，skewered meat和vegetables以及hand-made potato noodles在句中做介词for的并列宾语，三者为并列关系，故应该使用并列连词and，故填and。
42．句意：两位美食博主在中国流行的微博上拥有超过300万粉丝，他们是赞扬天水麻辣烫美味的网红之一。根据句子结构分析可知，空处为句子的谓语，根据上下文可知，此处使用一般现在时，表示现在的情况，主语"Two food bloggers"为复数意义，故填are。
43．句意：他们的视频显示，热心的美食爱好者在街头排队，其中许多人从遥远的城市赶来。分析句子结构可知，逗号后面为"介词+关系代词"引导的定语从句，food enthusiasts是先行词，它在从句中作介词of的宾语，指人，因此使用whom，故填whom。
44．句意：29岁的董良燕来自距离天水2000多公里的黑龙江大庆，她告诉新华社记者，她非常高兴能品尝到当地美食。根据句子结构分析可知，空处为非谓语且做后置定语修饰 Daqing ，且locate与其逻辑主语Daqing为逻辑上的被动关系，故使用过去分词作后置定语修饰"Heilongjiang province"，表示"位于，坐落在"，故填located。
45．句意：29岁的董良燕来自距离天水2000多公里的黑龙江大庆，她告诉新华社记者，她非常高兴能品尝到当地美食。根据句子结构分析可知，空处为非谓语且在句中做主语补足语，enjoy与其逻辑主语she之间为主动关系且表将来，再结合固定搭配be delighted to do"很高兴做某事"，故用动词不定式，故填to enjoy。
46．（2024·福建模拟） 假定你是李华, 你的英国朋友Michael邀请你于下周一线上观看他的成人仪式(coming-of-age ceremony), 但你无法应邀, 请写信告知, 内容包括: 1. 表达歉意; 2. 说明理由。
注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Michael,
……
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Michael,
I hope this letter finds you well. I am extremely grateful for you inviting me to attend your school's coming-of-age ceremony online next Monday.
However, I regret to inform you that I won't be availabie at that time due to my scheduled exam and I must focus my attention on preparing for it. Therefore, I'd like to extend my sincere apology for not being able to make it, as I know it's a special moment for you.
Wish your coming-of-age ceremony a complete success. Looking forward to sharing more wonderful time together.
Yours,
Li Hua
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份写一封信，写作背景：你的英国朋友Michael邀请你于下周一线上观看他的成人仪式(, 但你无法应邀。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1. 表达歉意; 2. 说明理由。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：I hope this letter finds you well. 运用了宾语从句；However, I regret to inform you that I won't be availabie at that time due to my scheduled exam and I must focus my attention on preparing for it. 运用了不定式作宾语，宾语从句，并列句；Therefore, I'd like to extend my sincere apology for not being able to make it, as I know it's a special moment for you.运用了宾语从句，原因状语从句，宾语从句。
47．（2024·福建模拟） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It is a hot sunny Saturday morning on the farm. Maya, Duksie and Doobie are helping Mama K in her vegetable garden. The children work all morning.
Mama K always gives the children a treat for helping her. Sometimes it's cake or chocolate; sometimes it's apples, pears or oranges. Mama K has only one rule. "Share it fair!" The children know they must share the treats equally, so they all get the same amount.
Today Mama K has baked a round strawberry cake with pink icing (糖霜) and berries from her garden. The children wait on the grass for their treat. "Here you go!" smiles Mama K. "But remember the rule. Share it fair!"
Maya has the first turn to share the cake. She uses the knife to draw lines in the icing. The others watch her. She does not cut the cake yet. The others must first agree if her way is fair. "I think I will make two cuts down like this. Now we have three slices, all the same!" Maya shows them. There is one line on the left and the other on the right.
"No way!" says Duksie. "The one in the middle is much too big!" Doobie also shakes his head. Maya laughs and tells Duksie to try.
"Pass me the knife.I'll do it," says Duksie First she rubs out Maya's pattern in the icing, and then she makes one cut across and one down. "Look, I have made my three slices!" "That's not fair!" shout Maya and Doobie together,.
"Why don't you try, Doobie " says Duksie. "I bet you can't do it!"
"I wish the cake was a square, and then it would be easy!" says Doobie thoughtfully. And then! A picture comes into Doobie's head. He sees the silver badge (标识) at the front of his father's big red Benz truck. "I've got it! I've got it! I know how to do it," shouts Doobie.
"How did you work it out " Maya asks. Doobie smiles to himself. For now it's his secret. Later, he will tell his dad.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
First Doobie uses a knife to smooth Duksie's lines in the icing.
……
With Mama K's encouragement, Maya takes charge, expertly cutting along Doobie's lines to make three equal slices.
【答案】First Doobie uses a knife to smooth Duksie's lines in the icing. Then he draws three lines on the cake. The cake now bears a striking resemblance to the badge of his dad's vehicle, its three equal parts. Just as the children celebrate their cake-cutting victory, Mama K emerges from her house, bearing a tray with three glasses of strawberry juice. Maya excitedly points out Doobie's achievement, proudly claiming his mastery of fair sharing Mama K's eyes shine with delight as she commends the children for their fairness and praises Doobie for his exceptional problem-solving skills.
With Mama K's encouragement, Maya takes charge, expertly cutting along Doobie's lines to make three equal slices. Each piece falls into place, their sizes perfectly matched. In a playful display of satisfaction, the children put the slices upon one another, witnessing the unity of their equal proportions. The sight brings smiles of joy to their faces. Amidst the children's laughter, Doobie's dad pulls up to pick up the children, and Doobie runs off to meet him. He can't wait to tell his dad how the badge on the truck has helped him to solve a very tricky problem!
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述了在农场里，一个炎热的、阳光明媚的星期六早晨， Maya, Duksie和 Doobie在帮Mama K在菜园里干活。孩子们整个上午都在工作。Mama K总是奖励帮助她的孩子们，这天Mama K拿来了一个蛋糕让孩子们平分，Doobie从车标里获得灵感，平分了蛋糕。段落续写：①由第一段首句内容"首先，Doobie用一把刀在糖衣上抚平Duksie的线条。"可知，第一段可描写Doobie平分蛋糕的经过以及Mama K奖励他们。②由第二段首句内容"在Mama K的鼓励下，Maya负责，熟练地沿着Doobie的线条切成三个相等的片。"可知，第二段可描写分蛋糕的经过以及孩子们的心情。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如： Just as the children celebrate their cake-cutting victory, Mama K emerges from her house, bearing a tray with three glasses of strawberry juice. 运用了时间状语从句，现在分词作状语； Maya excitedly points out Doobie's achievement, proudly claiming his mastery of fair sharing运用了现在分词作状语；Mama K's eyes shine with delight as she commends the children for their fairness and praises Doobie for his exceptional problem-solving skills.运用了时间状语从句；Each piece falls into place, their sizes perfectly matched. 运用了独立主格结构； In a playful display of satisfaction, the children put the slices upon one another, witnessing the unity of their equal proportions. 运用了现在分词作状语；Amidst the children's laughter, Doobie's dad pulls up to pick up the children, and Doobie runs off to meet him. 运用了并列句，不定式作目的状语；He can't wait to tell his dad how the badge on the truck has helped him to solve a very tricky problem!运用了宾语从句。
1 / 1福建省 Z&W 联盟2024届高三下学期6月模拟英语试题
（2024·福建模拟） 阅读理解
Make life as easy as possible with devices and gear designed to simplify your travels — whether that means charging on the go, neat organizers or lightweight storage for no-trouble quick trips.
LARQ Bottle Filter (过滤器)
This innovative drinking bottle with a low-pressure sucker is designed to filter water on the go, wiping out pollutants such as chlorine (氯) for a refreshing taste. The filter will work on up to 151 litres of water before needing to be replaced — the equivalent (等同) of around 300 single-use plastic bottles. Available in 500ml ( 58) and 740ml ( 68) sizes.
Stubble & Co Adventure Bag
This 42-litre backpack has an easy-access clamshell (翻盖) design that opens to reveal zipped parts of various sizes, including a waterproof pocket for shoes. It also features a laptop sleeve, water bottle pocket and hidden parts for valuables. Available in black, olive, blue and orange. 195.
Shokz OpenFit
Shokz's lightweight earphones sit on top of the ear canal, meaning they're comfortable enough to wear for long periods. The 28-hour battery life ensures you won't need to charge them on an overnight trip, though it's easy enough to do so by plugging in the small, accompanying case. The Shokz App allows you to customize the controls, too. 179.
July Carry On Pro
For those who prefer not to carry luggage on their backs, this smart roller is the perfect overnighter. It has two separate internal parts, a waterproof polycarbonate (聚碳酸酯) hard shell and a zipped front part in which to store a laptop. The integrated, removable power bank allows travelers to charge devices on the go. 275.
1．What is special about LARQ Bottle Filter
A．It is of various sizes.
B．It makes for health.
C．It is used to store water.
D．It replaces 300 plastic bottles.
2．Which is suitable for listening to music
A．Shokz OpenFit. B．July Carry On Pro.
C．LARQ Bottle Filter. D．Stubble & Co Adventure Bag.
3．What is the text
A．A travel diary. B．A life description.
C．A science instruction. D．A sales advertisement.
（2024·福建模拟） 阅读理解：
Adding to the achievements of a remarkable year, Taylor Swift has been named Time magazine's Person of the Year for 2023.
Already a superstar before 2023, Swift's career has reached new heights thanks to the beginning of her Eras Tour that brought her 3.5-hour performance to 66 shows in 23 cities across North America, Argentina and Brazil. Promoted by her tour, Swift has been named the most-streamed female artist in the history of Spotify and Apple Music. According to Billboard, the tour made about $900 million (about 6.4 billion yuan) in 2023. In addition, the tour's movie Taylor Swift: The Eras Tour became the biggest concert movie of all time, taking more than $250 million globally.
As she was declared (宣布) a billionaire by Bloomberg in November, a hidden "Taylor Swift economy" also promoted sales for business owners across the US. From soaps to a cruise inspired by her different "eras", interest in Swift-related products went way up.
Apart from her financial contributions, Swift made a significant cultural impact by taking back control of her music. In 2019, her old record label, Big Machine, sold the master tapes of her first six albums (专辑) to Scooter Braun. The sale meant that she didn't have the rights to the albums. In response to this, Swift began re-recording her first six albums, tagging (加标签于) them "Taylor's Version". This move stressed her belief that artists deserve to own their work. "It's all in how you deal with loss," she told Time. "I respond to extreme pain by resisting."
Heading into 2024, Swift will start the Eras Tour again in Japan and Australia. As USA Today noted, "Her current top has been a long time coming, but it may also be just beginning."
4．What do we know about Taylor Swift
A．She broke a new record on her tour.
B．She toured South America before 2023.
C．Her achievements received great recognition.
D．Her performance began with the Apple Music.
5．How did Taylor Swift benefit from her Eras Tour
A．She proved herself to be an artist.
B．She learned to make some products.
C．She got rich and regained album rights.
D．She sold her master tapes to a company.
6．What can we learn about Taylor Swift from the last paragraph
A．She will end her music career.
B．She will continue her Eras Tour.
C．She will reach her top in Japan.
D．She will make a record in Australia.
7．What is the author's attitude towards Taylor Swift
A．Admirable. B．Uncaring. C．Doubtful. D．Critical.
（2024·福建模拟） 阅读理解
Jorg Muller, an ecologist at the University of Würzburg, with his colleagues, proposes a way to measure the biodiversity—listen to the jungle by AI, in a paper published in Nature Communications.
The rainforests are very important and always alive with the sounds of animals, which is useful to ecologists. When it comes to measuring the biodiversity of a piece of land, listening out for animal caller is more effective than uncovering the bushes looking for tracks and paw prints. The latter analysis method is time-consuming, and it requires an expert pair of ears. Muller's idea was to apply the principle of smartphone apps which can identify the sounds of birds, bats and mammals to conservation work.
The researchers took recordings from across 43 sites in the rainforests. Some sites were relatively primitive, old-growth forests. Others were areas that had just been cleared for pasture(牧场) recently. And some other original forests had been cleared but then abandoned, allowing themselves to regrow. The various calls were identified by an expert,and then used to construct a list of the species present. As expected, the longer the land had been free from agricultural activity, the greater biodiversity it hosted. Then it was the computer's turn. "We found that the AI tools could identify the sounds as well as the experts," says Dr. Muller.
Of course, not everything in a rainforest makes a noise. Dr. Muller and his colleagues used light traps to catch night-flying insects, and DNA analysis to identify them. They found that the diversity of noisy animals was a reliable representative for the diversity of the quieter ones, too.
Besides measuring the biodiversity, the results are also expected to be applied to outside ecology departments. Under pressure from their customers, firms like L'Oreal, a make-up company, and Shell, an oil firm, have been spending money on forest restoration projects around the world. Dr. Muller hopes that an automated approach to checking on the results could help monitor such efforts, and give a standard way to measure whether they are working as well as their sponsors say.
8．Why does Muller propose to measure biodiversity with AI
A．To make a new conservation principle.
B．To seek away fit for hot environments.
C．To work more efficiently than manpower
D．To study the rainforests more specifically.
9．How was the identification work of AI tools on the 43 sites
A．It agreed with the work from experts..
B．It identified different types of raintarests.
C．It recorded more sounds in the abandoned forests.
D．It was used to restore the biodiversity for pasture.
10．What does the author indicate in paragraph 4
A．DNA analysis is skeptical in the research.
B．Quiet animals are as diverse as noisy ones.
C．A rainforest is always full of various noises.
D．AI technology is used to catch the insects.
11．What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A．The research focuses on biodiversity only.
B．L'Oreal and Shell develop monitoring apps.
C．The research will assist in forest restoration.
D．AI's help will attract some sponsors'investment.
（2024·福建模拟） 阅读理解
Pick up any packaged processed food, and there's a decent chance that one of its listed ingredients will be "natural flavor". The ingredient sounds good, particularly in contrast to "artificial flavor". But what exactly does natural flavor mean It refers to extracts (提取物) got from natural sources like plants, meat or seafood. When consumers see "natural flavor" on a label, they are unlikely to assume that someone is squeezing the juice from oranges into their bottle. They know even though natural flavor must come from natural sources, it needn't all come from the plant or meat. For example, orange flavor might contain not only orange extract, but also extracts from bark and grass. Nor is the common belief true that ingredients extracted from nature are necessarily safer than something artificially made.
So if flavors like orange are needed, why not just use oranges The answer comes down to "availability, cost and sustainability", according to flavor chemist Gary Reineccius of the University of Minnesota. "If you're going to use all your grapes on grape soda," Reineccius says, "you don't have any grapes for wine making; the products are going to be exorbitant; besides, what do you do with the by-products you create after you've squeezed all the juice out of the grape "
Actually, while chemists make natural flavors by extracting chemicals from natural ingredients, artificial flavors are made by creating the same chemicals artificially. The reason why companies bother to use natural flavors rather than artificial flavors is simple: marketing. "Many of these products have health titles," says Platkin, professor from Hunter College. "Consumers may be talked to believe products with natural flavors are healthier, though they're nutritionally no different from those with artificial flavors. Natural flavors may involve more forest clear-cutting and carbon emissions from transport than flavors created in the lab."
Platkin suggests getting more transparent labeling on packaging that describes exactly what the natural or artificial flavors are, so consumers are not misled into buying one product over another because of "natural flavors". Reineccius also offers some simple guidance: "Don't buy anything because it says ‘natural flavors'. Buy it because you like it."
12．Which is a misunderstanding about the "natural flavor" juice according to paragraph 1
A．It comes from 100% original fruit.
B．It is nothing but advertising tricks.
C．It certainly contains extracts made in the lab.
D．It is absolutely safer than juice with artificial flavors.
13．What does the underlined word "exorbitant" in paragraph 2 probably mean
A．Popular. B．Expensive. C．Durable. D．Innovative.
14．Why do companies use natural flavors in their products
A．To cut the costs. B．To promote the sales.
C．To advocate a healthy diet. D．To avoid food safety issues.
15．What can we conclude from the text
A．Gary and Platkin hold opposite perspectives.
B．Natural flavors are more environmentally-friendly.
C．Customers are misled for ignoring labels on packaging.
D．Natural and artificial flavors are more alike than you think.
（2024·福建模拟） 根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Challenges are part of life and something we can all expect to encounter at one point or another during our lifetime. We handle challenges differently;some of us choose to face them head-on, while others flee in uncertainty.　16． 　The following are simple methods and strategies we can all employ to overcome challenges more effectively.
　17． 　Nike couldn't have said it any better with their slogan, "Just do it! "Some challenges require us to do just that. Grab the bull by its horns and have the courage to conquer it, no matter how unsure we might feel. Some challenges are urgent and require immediate attention, leaving us with no option but to go ahead full-steam.
Educate ourselves. The reason why some issues prove challenging for us is that we aren't familiar with them.　18． 　The internet, books, forums, etc. , offer platforms where we can research and learn about our challenges to find strategies against them. Knowledge is definitely powerful and essential in conquering anything.
Be persistent. This is what is required to accomplish anything, especially when it comes to overcoming challenges. No matter how difficult our challenges might be, we must be willing to push through and try again and again until we achieve victory over them.　19． 　.
Ask for help. There are times when we can't go it alone and need others to help us conquer whatever challenges we face.　20． 　Networking with like-minded individuals who can offer us support, suggestions, and solutions is useful in helping us overcome challenges.
A. Meet them head-on.
B. Adapt a different strategy.
C. It is said that two heads are better than one.
D. If we give up, we allow the challenges to conquer us instead.
E. Therefore, our knowledge and ability to conquer them is limited.
F. Whatever our positions, we all wish to conquer them and move on.
G. Some challenges can be overwhelming, making us question our ability to overcome them.
（2024·福建模拟） 阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选岀可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
Although many over-processed foods can satisfy the desire for sweet, fatty, salty foods, research suggests these items are particularly bad for the heart and brain, with mood and cognition taking a hit.
The most recent research looking at the 21． of over-processed food found the most far-reaching results. Researchers 22． direct links between higher consumption of over-processed foods and a greater risk of many health issues.
These results are 23． earlier studies. Diets high in these foods were linked to greater risk of depression and anxiety, according to an analysis published in the journal Nutrients. In one of these studies, risk rose from 24． just 33 percent of calories from over-processed food. A separate study found that taking in just 20 percent of calories from these foods was linked to a 28 percent faster rate of cognitive 25． compared with people who ate less processed food.
Also 26． is a study tracking about half a million people living in England, Scotland, and Wales that found the risk of dementia (痴呆) went up by 25 percent for every 10 percent increase in over-processed food. While the exact cause-and-effect relationship is still unknown, the strongest evidence from prospective studies 27． the idea that eating high amounts of over-processed foods increases the risk of depression in the future.
It is common knowledge that eating too much salt or sugar is linked to high blood pressure and Type 2 diabetes. What the public may not appreciate, 28． , is that all these conditions affect the brain by raising the risk for dementia. 29． such as certain artificial sweeteners may also disturb the production and release of brain chemicals, such as dopamine, which can negatively affect mental and emotional 30． .
Another problem with over-processed foods is that they might be addictive. Over-processed foods have more in common with a(n) 31． than foods by Mother Nature. Humans have evolved to respond to foods that are sweet fatty, and high in calories. For most of human existence this helped us 32． . But in nature, foods are 33． modestly high in sugar — like berries — or high in fat, like nuts. You don't find foods high in both sugar and fat. That's a distinctive 34． of over-processed foods. Add in salt, artificial flavorings and bright colors, and our brain simply 35． these foods.
21．A． recipe B． flavor C． preparation D． impact
22．A． promoted B． identified C． evaluated D． dismissed
23．A． contrary to B． consistent with
C． concerned about D． dependent on
24．A． consuming B． calculating C． reducing D． burning
25．A． improvement B． advantage C． quality D． decline
26．A． reassuring B． contradictory
C． alarming D． sustainable
27．A． goes against B． casts doubt on
C． leans towards D． puts forward
28．A． however B． therefore
C． by chance D． for instance
29．A． Decorations B． Additives
C． Options D． Contributors
30．A． problem B． capacity C． outburst D． well-being
31．A． appetizer B． cigarette C． dessert D． snack
32．A． survive B． emerge C． venture D． mature
33．A． still B． barely C． only D． rather
34．A． nutrition B． taste
C． dish D． characteristic
35．A． gains insight into B． loses control over
C． shows concern for D． gets hold of
（2024·福建模拟） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Following the barbecue-induced travel craze to the city of Zibo in East China, Chinese social media has once again highlighted the next internet-famous city worthy of 　36． 　(explore).
This time it's Tianshui, a low-key city in China's Gansu province that 　37． 　(take) the spotlight recently. It has attracted considerable attention 　38． 　 food enthusiasts and social media influencers online, 　39． 　 (celebrate) the city's iconic dish of hot pot.
Known as Tianshui Malatang, which 　40． 　 (literal) means spicy and hot, the local dish is popular for its large portion of skewered meat, vegetables,　41． 　 hand-made potato noodles in a pot of boiling broth (肉汤). Two food bloggers, with over 3 million followers in their account on the popular Chinese Weibo,　42． 　(be) among the influencers praising the deliciousness of Tianshui Malatang. Their vlogs show eager food enthusiasts lining up on the streets, many of 　43． 　traveled from cities far away. Dong Liangyan, 29, from Daqing in Heilongjiang province,　44． 　(locate) more than 2,000 km away from Tianshui, told Xinhua that she was absolutely delighted 　45． 　(enjoy) the local delicacy.
46．（2024·福建模拟） 假定你是李华, 你的英国朋友Michael邀请你于下周一线上观看他的成人仪式(coming-of-age ceremony), 但你无法应邀, 请写信告知, 内容包括: 1. 表达歉意; 2. 说明理由。
注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Michael,
……
Yours,
Li Hua
47．（2024·福建模拟） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It is a hot sunny Saturday morning on the farm. Maya, Duksie and Doobie are helping Mama K in her vegetable garden. The children work all morning.
Mama K always gives the children a treat for helping her. Sometimes it's cake or chocolate; sometimes it's apples, pears or oranges. Mama K has only one rule. "Share it fair!" The children know they must share the treats equally, so they all get the same amount.
Today Mama K has baked a round strawberry cake with pink icing (糖霜) and berries from her garden. The children wait on the grass for their treat. "Here you go!" smiles Mama K. "But remember the rule. Share it fair!"
Maya has the first turn to share the cake. She uses the knife to draw lines in the icing. The others watch her. She does not cut the cake yet. The others must first agree if her way is fair. "I think I will make two cuts down like this. Now we have three slices, all the same!" Maya shows them. There is one line on the left and the other on the right.
"No way!" says Duksie. "The one in the middle is much too big!" Doobie also shakes his head. Maya laughs and tells Duksie to try.
"Pass me the knife.I'll do it," says Duksie First she rubs out Maya's pattern in the icing, and then she makes one cut across and one down. "Look, I have made my three slices!" "That's not fair!" shout Maya and Doobie together,.
"Why don't you try, Doobie " says Duksie. "I bet you can't do it!"
"I wish the cake was a square, and then it would be easy!" says Doobie thoughtfully. And then! A picture comes into Doobie's head. He sees the silver badge (标识) at the front of his father's big red Benz truck. "I've got it! I've got it! I know how to do it," shouts Doobie.
"How did you work it out " Maya asks. Doobie smiles to himself. For now it's his secret. Later, he will tell his dad.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
First Doobie uses a knife to smooth Duksie's lines in the icing.
……
With Mama K's encouragement, Maya takes charge, expertly cutting along Doobie's lines to make three equal slices.
答案解析部分
【答案】1．B
2．A
3．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；时文广告类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了适合简化旅行的四种轻便设备的用途、特点、款型和价格等。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、推理判断题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
1．考查细节理解。根据LARQ Bottle Filter (过滤器) 部分中的"This innovative drinking bottle with a low-pressure sucker is designed to filter water on the go, wiping out pollutants such as chlorine (氯) for a refreshing taste. "这款带有低压吸管的创新饮水瓶可以在旅途中过滤水，去除氯等污染物，使水的口感清爽。可知，LARQ Bottle Filter可以在旅途中过滤水，使水的口感清爽，即它有利于健康。故选B。
2．考查细节理解。根据Shokz OpenFit 部分中的"Shokz's lightweight earphones sit on top of the ear canal, meaning they're comfortable enough to wear for long periods. "Shokz的轻便耳机可以放在耳道上方，这意味着它们足够舒适，可以长时间佩戴。可知，Shokz轻巧的耳机可以放在耳道上方，长时间佩戴它们足够舒适，即它可用于听音乐。故选A。
3．考查推理判断。通读全文，以及各个部分的小标题以及段尾的价格可推知，本文是一则广告。故选D。
【答案】4．C
5．C
6．B
7．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；新闻报道类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍的是泰勒·斯威夫特（Taylor Swift）在2023年被《时代》杂志评为年度人物。以及在过去一年中在音乐方面所取得的成绩以及2024年的演唱会计划。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题和推理判断题两种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段中"Adding to the achievements of a remarkable year, Taylor Swift has been named Time magazine's Person of the Year for 2023.(泰勒·斯威夫特被《时代》杂志评为2023年年度人物，为这非凡的一年增添了新的成就。)"可知，泰勒·斯威夫特的成就受到了极大的认可。故选C。
5．细节理解题。根据第三段中"As she was declared (宣布) a billionaire by Bloomberg in November, a hidden "Taylor Swift economy" also promoted sales for business owners across the US. (去年11月，当她被Bloomberg宣布为亿万富翁时，一种隐藏的"泰勒·斯威夫特经济"也促进了全美企业主的销售。)"以及第四段中"Apart from her financial contributions, Swift made a significant cultural impact by taking back control of her music. (除了经济上的贡献，斯威夫特还通过重新掌控自己的音乐产生了重大的文化影响。)"可知，泰勒·斯威夫特获得了两方面的利益，一方面是获得财富变得富有，另一方面是重新掌控自己的音乐即重新获得专辑版权。故选C。
6．细节理解题。根据最后一段"Heading into 2024, Swift will start the Eras Tour again in Japan and Australia. As USA Today noted, "Her current top has been a long time coming, but it may also be just beginning."(进入2024年，斯威夫特将再次在日本和澳大利亚开始"时代之旅"。正如《今日美国》所指出的那样，"她现在的巅峰经历了很长时间，但也可能只是刚刚开始。")"可知，2024年，她将再次在日本和澳大利亚开始巡演，即她将继续她的巡演。故选B。
7．推理判断题。根据第一段中"Adding to the achievements of a remarkable year, Taylor Swift has been named Time magazine's Person of the Year for 2023.(泰勒·斯威夫特被《时代》杂志评为2023年年度人物，为这非凡的一年增添了新的成就。)"以及第二段中"Already a superstar before 2023, Swift's career has reached new heights thanks to the beginning of her Eras Tour that brought her 3.5-hour performance to 66 shows in 23 cities across North America, Argentina and Brazil.(在2023年之前，斯威夫特就已经是一个超级巨星了，她的职业生涯达到了新的高度，这要归功于她的时代巡演的开始，她在北美、阿根廷和巴西的23个城市进行了3.5小时的66场演出。)"可知，在作者看来斯威夫特是超级巨星，并且也是被评委2023年年度人物，故作者对其是非常赞赏的。A选项"Admirable.(赞赏的)"符合作者的态度。故选A。
【答案】8．C
9．A
10．B
11．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一种可以测量热带雨林中生物多样性的人工智能工具。作者认为这种人工智能工具比较高效，并且有望被应用于森林恢复工程。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
8．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"When it comes to measuring the biodiversity of a piece of land, listening out for animal caller is more effective than uncovering the bushes looking for tracks and paw prints. The latter analysis method is time-consuming, and it requires an expert pair of ears."在测量一块土地的生物多样性时，倾听动物的叫声比揭开灌木丛寻找足迹和爪印更有效。后一种分析方法耗时长，需要一双专家的耳朵。可知，穆勒提出用人工智能来衡量生物多样性是因为比人力更有效率地工作。故选C。
9．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"‘We found that the AI tools could identify the sounds as well as the experts,' says Dr. Muller.""我们发现人工智能工具可以像专家一样识别声音，"穆勒博士说。可知，人工智能工具可以像专家一样辨认出不同物种的声音。故选A。
10．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的"They found that the diversity of noisy animals was a reliable representative for the diversity of the quieter ones, too."他们发现，嘈杂动物的多样性也是安静动物多样性的可靠代表。可推知，作者在第4段指出安静的动物和嘈杂的动物一样具有多样性。故选B。
11．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"Dr. Muller hopes that an automated approach to checking on the results could help monitor such efforts, and give a standard way to measure whether they are working as well as their sponsors say."穆勒博士希望一种自动检查结果的方法可以帮助监督这些努力，并提供一种标准方法来衡量它们是否像赞助商所说的那样有效。可知，从最后一段可推知这项研究将有助于森林恢复。故选C。
【答案】12．D
13．B
14．B
15．D
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；说明文；日常生活类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了天然风味的来源，使用天然风味的原因，及天然风味和人造风味的相似。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
12．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Nor is the common belief true that ingredients extracted from nature are necessarily safer than something artificially made."人们普遍认为, 从大自然中提取的成分一定比人工制造的成分更安全, 这也是不对的。可知,"天然风味果汁绝对比添加人工香料的果汁更安全"属于误解。 故选D。
13．考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的"‘If you're going to use all your grapes on grape soda,' Reineccius says, ‘you don't have any grapes for wine making; the products are going to be exorbitant; besides, what do you do with the by-products you create after you've squeezed all the juice out of the grapes '""如果你打算把所有的葡萄都用在葡萄汽水上，"Reineccius说，"你没有任何葡萄用来酿酒，产品价格会exorbitant；此外，你怎么处理榨干葡萄汁后产生的副产品呢？"说明把所有的葡萄都用在葡萄汽水上，你没有任何葡萄用来酿酒，产品价格会过高，从而推知"you don't have any grapes for wine making; the products are going to be exorbitant"你没有任何葡萄用来酿酒，产品价格会很贵。划线词exorbitant是"昂贵的"之意，故选B。
14．考查细节理解。 根据第三段中的"The reason why companies bother to use natural flavors rather than artificial flavors is simple: marketing."公司使用天然风味而不是人工风味的原因很简单：营销。可知, 公司在他们的产品中使用天然香料是为了营销, 故选B。
15．考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的"‘Many of these products have health titles,' says Platkin, professor from Hunter College. ‘Consumers may be talked to believe products with natural flavours are healthier, though they are nutritionally no different from those with artificial flavours. Natural flavours may involve more forest clear-cutting and carbon emissions from transport than flavours created in the lab.'"亨特学院教授普拉特金说："许多这些产品都有健康的标题。""消费者可能会被告知相信天然风味的产品更健康，尽管它们在营养上与人造风味没有什么不同。与实验室制造的口味相比，天然风味可能涉及更多的森林砍伐和运输过程中的碳排放。"可推知天然风味和人工风味的相似之处比你想象的要多。故选D。
【答案】16．F；17．A；18．E；19．D；20．C
【知识点】说明文；七选五；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍应对挑战的方法。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇教育类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
16．根据空前"We handle challenges differently; some of us choose to face them head-on, while others flee in uncertainty."我们应对挑战的方式各有不同；我们中的一些人选择拥抱并正面面对它们，而另一些人则在不确定中逃离；以及空后"The following are simple methods and strategies we can all employ to overcome challenges more effectively."下面是一些简单的方法和策略，我们都可以用来更有效地克服挑战。可知，此处承上启下，说明无论如何，我们都要克服困难。F. Whatever our positions, we all wish to conquer them and move on."无论我们的立场是什么，我们都希望克服它们并继续前进。"符合语境，故选F。
17．根据空后"Nike couldn't have said it any better with their slogan, "Just do it!" Some challenges require us to do just that. Grab the bull by its horns and have the courage to conquer it, no matter how unsure we might feel. Some challenges are urgent and require immediate attention, leaving us with no option but to go ahead full-steam."耐克用他们的口号"Just do it! "来表达这一点再好不过了。有些挑战要求我们这样做。无论我们感觉多么不确定，请迎难而上，勇敢征服困难。有些挑战是紧迫的，需要立即关注，我们别无选择，只能全力以赴。可知，该段主要讲述A. Meet them head-on."直面挑战"。故选A。
18．根据空前"The reason why some issues prove challenging for us is that we aren't familiar with them."有些问题对我们来说具有挑战性的原因是我们不熟悉它们。此处承接上文说明不熟悉导致的结果。E. Therefore, our knowledge and ability to conquer them is limited."因此，我们征服它们的知识和能力是有限的"符合语境，故选E。
19．根据空前"No matter how difficult our challenges might be, we must be willing to push through and try again and again until we achieve victory over them."无论挑战有多么困难，我们都必须愿意坚持下去，一次又一次地尝试，直到取得胜利。可知，此处是对上文内容的补充，D. If we give up, we allow the challenges to conquer us instead."如果我们放弃，我们反过来就会让挑战征服我们。"为反向叙述后果，符合语境，故选D。
20．根据空前"There are times when we can't go it alone and need others to help us conquer whatever challenges we face."有时我们无法独自应对，需要他人来帮助我们克服所面临的任何挑战。可知，人多力量大，与志同道合的人建立联系，他们可以为我们提供支持、建议或解决方案，而这些建议有助于帮助我们克服挑战。C. It is said that two heads are better than one."俗语说：人多力量大"承接上文，符合语境，故选C。
【答案】21．D；22．B；23．B；24．A；25．D；26．C；27．C；28．A；29．B；30．D；31．B；32．A；33．C；34．D；35．B
【知识点】说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，研究表明，过度加工食品对心脏和大脑尤其有害，情绪和认知会受到影响。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
21．句意：最近关于过度加工食品影响的研究发现了最深远的结果。A. recipe"烹饪"；B. flavor"味道"；C. preparation"准备"；D. impact"影响"。根据上文"Although many over-processed foods can satisfy the desire for sweet, fatty, salty foods, research suggests these items are particularly bad for the heart and brain, with mood and cognition taking a hit."尽管许多过度加工的食物可以满足人们对甜食、高脂肪、高盐食物的渴望，但研究表明这些食物对心脏和大脑尤其有害，情绪和认知会受到影响。说明过度加工食品对健康是有影响的，可知此处指对过度加工食品的影响的研究，故选D。
22．句意：研究人员发现过度加工食品的高消耗和许多健康问题的高风险之间存在直接联系。A. promoted"提升"；B. identified"确认"；C. evaluated"评估"；D. dismissed"解雇"。根据上文"The most recent research looking at the 1 of over-processed food found the most far-reaching results."可知，研究者研究了过度加工食物的影响，此处指发现了过度加工食品的高消耗和许多健康问题的高风险之间存在直接联系，故选B。
23．句意：这些结果与早期的研究一致。A. contrary to"相反的"；B. consistent with"一致的"；C. concerned about"关心的"；D. dependent on"依靠的"。根据下文"Diets high in these foods were linked to greater risk of depression and anxiety, according to an analysis published in the journal Nutrients."可知，发表在《营养》杂志上的一项分析，富含这些食物的饮食与更大的抑郁和焦虑风险有关，说明这些结果与早期的研究一致，故选B。
24．句意：在其中一项研究中，从过度加工的食物中摄入33%的热量会增加患病风险。A. consuming"消耗，吃，喝"；B. calculating"计算"；C. reducing"减少"；D. burning"燃烧"。根据空后"just 33 percent of calories from over-processed food."可知，此处指从过度加工的食物中摄入33%的热量就会增加患病风险，故选A。
25．句意：另一项独立研究发现，与较少食用加工食品的人相比，从这些食物中仅摄入20%热量的人认知能力下降的速度要快28%。A. improvement"提升"；B. advantage"优势"；C. quality"质量"；D. decline"下降"。根据上文"Although many over-processed foods can satisfy the desire for sweet, fatty, salty foods, research suggests these items are particularly bad for the heart and brain, with mood and cognition taking a hit."尽管许多过度加工的食物可以满足人们对甜食、高脂肪、高盐食物的渴望，但研究表明这些食物对心脏和大脑尤其有害，情绪和认知会受到影响，说明从这些食物中仅摄入20%热量的人认知能力下降的速度要快28%。故选D。
26．句意：同样令人担忧的是，一项追踪生活在英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士约50万人的研究发现，消耗的过度加工食品每增加10%，患痴呆症的风险就会增加25%。A. reassuring"可靠的"；B. contradictory "矛盾的"；C. alarming"令人担忧的"；D. sustainable"可维持的"。根据空后"the risk ofdementia(痴呆) went up by 25 percent for every 10 percent increase in over-processed food."可知，消耗的过度加工食品每增加10%，患痴呆症的风险就会增加25%，这是令人担忧的，故选C。
27．句意：虽然确切的因果关系仍然未知，但前瞻性研究的最有力证据倾向于这样一种观点，即食用大量过度加工食品会增加未来患抑郁症的风险。A. goes against"违背"；B. casts doubt on"怀疑"；C. leans towards"倾向于"；D. puts forward"提出"。根据空后"the idea that eating high amounts of over-processed foods increases the risk of depression in the future"可知，前瞻性研究的最有力证据倾向于这样一种观点，即食用大量过度加工食品会增加未来患抑郁症的风险，故选C。
28．句意：然而，公众可能不知道的是，所有这些情况都会通过增加患痴呆症的风险来影响大脑。A. however"然而"；B. therefore"因此"；C. by chance"偶然"；D. for instance"例如"。根据空前"It is common knowledge that eating too much salt or sugar is linked to high blood pressure and Type 2 diabetes."；以及"What the public may not appreciate, 8 , is that all these conditions affect the brain by raising the risk for dementia."可知，前后句是转折关系：众所周知，吃太多盐或糖与高血压和二型糖尿病有关，然而公众可能不知道的是，所有这些情况都会通过增加患痴呆症的风险来影响大脑，故选A。
29．句意：某些人工甜味剂等添加剂也可能干扰大脑化学物质（如多巴胺）的产生和释放，从而对精神和情绪健康产生负面影响。A. Decorations"装饰"；B. Additives"添加剂"；C. Options"选择"；D. Contributors"贡献者"。根据空后"such as certain artificial sweeteners"可知，人工甜味剂是一种添加剂，故选B。
30．句意：某些人工甜味剂等添加剂也可能干扰大脑化学物质（如多巴胺）的产生和释放，从而对精神和情绪健康产生负面影响。A. problem"问题"；B. capacity"能力"；C. outburst"爆发"；D. well-being"健康"。根据空前" 9 such as certain artificial sweeteners may also disturb the production and release of brain chemicals"可知，某些人工甜味剂等添加剂也可能干扰大脑化学物质（如多巴胺）的产生和释放，从而对精神和情绪健康产生负面影响，故选D。
31．句意：比起大自然的食物，过度加工的食物与香烟更相似。A. appetizer"开胃小吃"；B. cigarette "香烟"；C. dessert"点心"；D. snack"零食"。根据上文"Another problem with over-processed foods is that they might be addictive."可知，过度加工食品的另一个问题是它们可能会上瘾，说明它和香烟一样让人上瘾，故选B。
32．句意：在人类存在的大部分时间里，这帮助我们生存下来。A. survive"存活"；B. emerge"出现"；C. venture"敢于冒险"；D. mature"成熟"。根据上文"Humans have evolved to respond to foods that are sweet, fatty, and high in calories."可知，人类已经进化到对甜食、高脂肪和高热量的食物做出反应，说明在人类存在的大部分时间里，这帮助我们生存下来，故选A。
33．句意：但是在自然界中，仅仅只有一些食物的含糖量不高，比如浆果，脂肪含量也不高，比如坚果。A. still"仍然"；B. barely"几乎不"；C. only"仅仅"；D. rather"相当"。根据空后"modestly high in sugar — like berries — or high in fat, like nuts."可知，但是在自然界中，仅仅只有浆果的含糖量不高，坚果的脂肪含量不高，故答案为C。
34．句意：这是过度加工食品的一个显著特征。A. nutrition"营养"；B. taste"口味"；C. dish "菜"；D. characteristic"特点"。根据上文"You don't find foods high in both sugar and fat."可知，你不会发现高糖和高脂肪的食物，说明这是过度加工食品的一个显著特征，故选D。
35．句意：再加上盐、人工调味品和鲜艳的颜色，我们的大脑就会失去对这些食物的控制。A. gains insight into"洞察到"；B. loses control over"失去对...…的控制"；C. shows concern for "对…...表示关心"；D. gets hold of"得到"。根据空前"Add in salt, artificial flavorings and bright colors,"再加上盐、人工调味品和鲜艳的颜色，说明我们的大脑就会被这些食物所吸引，失去对这些食物的控制，故选B。
【答案】36．exploration/being explored；37．has taken；38．from/of；39．celebrating；40．literally；41．and；42．are；43．whom；44．located；45．to enjoy
【知识点】故事阅读类；新闻报道类；人文地理类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了天水市的麻辣烫吸引了美食博主和远道而来的食客，展示了对当地特色美食的喜爱。
【点评】考查语法填空。本题考点涉及名词，连词，介词，副词，时态，语态，主谓一致，非谓语动词以及定语从句等多个知识点的考查。要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。语法填空实用解题策略如下。一、分析句子结构。在面对语法填空题时，首先要做的是分析句子的结构。观察句子中的主语、谓语、宾语等主要成分，以及是否有从句、非谓语动词等复杂结构。通过理解句子结构，可以更好地把握填空处所需的词性和功能。二、确定词性变化。根据句子结构和语境，确定填空处所需的词性。然后，根据语法规则，考虑所需的词性是否需要进行变化，如名词的单复数、动词的时态和语态、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级等。确保所填词汇在语法上与句子其他部分相匹配。三、牢记固定搭配。英语中存在大量的固定搭配和短语，这些搭配在语法填空题中经常出现。因此，需要牢记常见的固定搭配和短语，以便在解题时能够迅速识别并正确填空。四、注意时态语态。时态和语态是英语语法填空的重要考点。在解题时，要注意根据句子的语境和上下文，判断所需动词的时态和语态。同时，也要注意时态和语态的一致性，确保所填词汇与句子的时态和语态相符。五、理解上下文语境。语境对于语法填空题的解答至关重要。通过理解句子的上下文，可以更好地理解填空处所需的词汇和语法结构。因此，在解题时，要仔细阅读句子的前后文，把握句子的整体意义，以便更好地填空。六、利用常识和逻辑。在某些情况下，可以利用常识和逻辑来解答语法填空题。例如，根据常识判断所填词汇是否符合常理，或者根据逻辑判断所填词汇是否与前后的句子内容相符合。通过利用常识和逻辑，可以更加准确地填空。七、多做练习总结。最后，多做练习是提高语法填空解题能力的有效途径。通过大量的练习，我们可以熟悉各种题型和考点，提高解题速度和准确率。同时，也要及时总结错题原因，分析解题思路和方法，以便更好地掌握语法填空题的解题技巧。
36．句意：继烧烤引发的淄博旅游热潮之后，中国社交媒体再次强调了下一个值得探索的网红城市。根据句子结构分析可知，此处使用名词作宾语，需要的词义为"探索"，即exploration，它为不可数名词；根据句子结构和语境分析可知， "worthy of 1(explore)."在句中做后置定语修饰名词city，故空处为非谓语，动词explore与其逻辑主语city构成逻辑上的被动关系，表示"被探索"，且空处谓语介词of之后，故用现在分词的被动式。故填exploration/being explored 。
37．句意：这一次是天水，中国甘肃省一个低调的城市，最近引起了人们的关注。根据句子结构和语境分析可知，空处为定语从句的谓语动词，根据"recently"可知，谓语动词应该使用现在完成时，主语that指代先行词Tianshui，为单数意义，故填has taken。
38．句意：它吸引了美食爱好者和社交媒体网红的大量关注，庆祝了这座城市的标志性菜肴——火锅。根据语境分析可知，此处应该填入介词，表示"从某人或某物那里"，结合固定短语attract attention of/from "吸引......的注意力/关注"，因此使用from/of，故填from/of。
39．句意：它吸引了美食爱好者和社交媒体网红的大量关注，庆祝这座城市的标志性菜肴——火锅。分析句子结构可知，celebrate在句子中为非谓语动词，它和逻辑主语"food enthusiasts and social media influencers"之间为主动关系，因此使用现在分词作状语，故填celebrating。
40．句意：被称为"天水麻辣烫"，字面意思是辛辣和热的，这道菜因其大量的肉串、蔬菜和手工制作的土豆面在一锅沸腾的汤中而广受欢迎。根据句子结构分析，空处应使用副词在句中作状语修饰谓语动词means，需要的词义为"字面上"，故填literally。
41．意：被称为"天水麻辣烫"，字面意思是辛辣和热的，这道菜因其大量的肉串、蔬菜和手工制作的土豆面在一锅沸腾的汤中而广受欢迎。根据句子结构和语境分析可知，skewered meat和vegetables以及hand-made potato noodles在句中做介词for的并列宾语，三者为并列关系，故应该使用并列连词and，故填and。
42．句意：两位美食博主在中国流行的微博上拥有超过300万粉丝，他们是赞扬天水麻辣烫美味的网红之一。根据句子结构分析可知，空处为句子的谓语，根据上下文可知，此处使用一般现在时，表示现在的情况，主语"Two food bloggers"为复数意义，故填are。
43．句意：他们的视频显示，热心的美食爱好者在街头排队，其中许多人从遥远的城市赶来。分析句子结构可知，逗号后面为"介词+关系代词"引导的定语从句，food enthusiasts是先行词，它在从句中作介词of的宾语，指人，因此使用whom，故填whom。
44．句意：29岁的董良燕来自距离天水2000多公里的黑龙江大庆，她告诉新华社记者，她非常高兴能品尝到当地美食。根据句子结构分析可知，空处为非谓语且做后置定语修饰 Daqing ，且locate与其逻辑主语Daqing为逻辑上的被动关系，故使用过去分词作后置定语修饰"Heilongjiang province"，表示"位于，坐落在"，故填located。
45．句意：29岁的董良燕来自距离天水2000多公里的黑龙江大庆，她告诉新华社记者，她非常高兴能品尝到当地美食。根据句子结构分析可知，空处为非谓语且在句中做主语补足语，enjoy与其逻辑主语she之间为主动关系且表将来，再结合固定搭配be delighted to do"很高兴做某事"，故用动词不定式，故填to enjoy。
46．【答案】Dear Michael,
I hope this letter finds you well. I am extremely grateful for you inviting me to attend your school's coming-of-age ceremony online next Monday.
However, I regret to inform you that I won't be availabie at that time due to my scheduled exam and I must focus my attention on preparing for it. Therefore, I'd like to extend my sincere apology for not being able to make it, as I know it's a special moment for you.
Wish your coming-of-age ceremony a complete success. Looking forward to sharing more wonderful time together.
Yours,
Li Hua
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份写一封信，写作背景：你的英国朋友Michael邀请你于下周一线上观看他的成人仪式(, 但你无法应邀。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1. 表达歉意; 2. 说明理由。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：I hope this letter finds you well. 运用了宾语从句；However, I regret to inform you that I won't be availabie at that time due to my scheduled exam and I must focus my attention on preparing for it. 运用了不定式作宾语，宾语从句，并列句；Therefore, I'd like to extend my sincere apology for not being able to make it, as I know it's a special moment for you.运用了宾语从句，原因状语从句，宾语从句。
47．【答案】First Doobie uses a knife to smooth Duksie's lines in the icing. Then he draws three lines on the cake. The cake now bears a striking resemblance to the badge of his dad's vehicle, its three equal parts. Just as the children celebrate their cake-cutting victory, Mama K emerges from her house, bearing a tray with three glasses of strawberry juice. Maya excitedly points out Doobie's achievement, proudly claiming his mastery of fair sharing Mama K's eyes shine with delight as she commends the children for their fairness and praises Doobie for his exceptional problem-solving skills.
With Mama K's encouragement, Maya takes charge, expertly cutting along Doobie's lines to make three equal slices. Each piece falls into place, their sizes perfectly matched. In a playful display of satisfaction, the children put the slices upon one another, witnessing the unity of their equal proportions. The sight brings smiles of joy to their faces. Amidst the children's laughter, Doobie's dad pulls up to pick up the children, and Doobie runs off to meet him. He can't wait to tell his dad how the badge on the truck has helped him to solve a very tricky problem!
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述了在农场里，一个炎热的、阳光明媚的星期六早晨， Maya, Duksie和 Doobie在帮Mama K在菜园里干活。孩子们整个上午都在工作。Mama K总是奖励帮助她的孩子们，这天Mama K拿来了一个蛋糕让孩子们平分，Doobie从车标里获得灵感，平分了蛋糕。段落续写：①由第一段首句内容"首先，Doobie用一把刀在糖衣上抚平Duksie的线条。"可知，第一段可描写Doobie平分蛋糕的经过以及Mama K奖励他们。②由第二段首句内容"在Mama K的鼓励下，Maya负责，熟练地沿着Doobie的线条切成三个相等的片。"可知，第二段可描写分蛋糕的经过以及孩子们的心情。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如： Just as the children celebrate their cake-cutting victory, Mama K emerges from her house, bearing a tray with three glasses of strawberry juice. 运用了时间状语从句，现在分词作状语； Maya excitedly points out Doobie's achievement, proudly claiming his mastery of fair sharing运用了现在分词作状语；Mama K's eyes shine with delight as she commends the children for their fairness and praises Doobie for his exceptional problem-solving skills.运用了时间状语从句；Each piece falls into place, their sizes perfectly matched. 运用了独立主格结构； In a playful display of satisfaction, the children put the slices upon one another, witnessing the unity of their equal proportions. 运用了现在分词作状语；Amidst the children's laughter, Doobie's dad pulls up to pick up the children, and Doobie runs off to meet him. 运用了并列句，不定式作目的状语；He can't wait to tell his dad how the badge on the truck has helped him to solve a very tricky problem!运用了宾语从句。
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