考点2 七选五—高考英语一轮复习考点创新题训练（含答案解析）

考点2 七选五—高考英语一轮复习考点创新题训练
一、
It was time for Macy to move. She booked a few house viewings and after looking at three places, she fell in love with one house. But that night a feeling of doubt and uncertainty entered her head.①_____ Will the others be cheaper
We've all found ourselves in such situations, whether we're considering job offers or buying a new car. It's a problem that involves mathematics and psychology. And it's got a name: the optimal （最优的）stopping problem.②_____ It's asking how long we spend sampling options to give the optimal chances of a successful final decision.
Mathematicians have given us an answer：37%.The basic idea is that, if we need to make a decision from 100 different options, we should sample and give up the first 37. ③_____ It's a period during which we identify what works and what does not. From the rejected 37%，we choose the best and keep that information in our heads moving forward.
Mathematics offers us the best answer to the "optimal stopping problem". But there's just one big issue: Humans are not rational（基于理性的）probability-calculating machines. In fact, the opposite is usually true.④_____ In the psychological field, there is an "explore/exploit tradeoff（探索一利用权衡）"This asks whether we should go with a guaranteed "win"（exploit）or risk going somewhere else for an unknown outcome （explore）. The degree to which someone will explore or exploit depends on various factors.⑤_____ Of course, different people are more explorative or exploitative at different times. Teenagers and traders tend to explore more. Adults and managers exploit more.
A. What if the next house is better
B. How much does it cost a month
C. The 37% rule is not some mindless, automatic thing.
D. And it ties in with how curious or risk-seeking we are.
E. It's then necessary for us to improve our computing power.
F. So it falls on psychology to tell us about how we actually behave.
G. The mathematical question for Macy concerns maximizing probabilities.
二、
In the animal kingdom, parents adopt babies that aren’t their own, and even other species. Why do they do it
For foster(领养) parents, there are huge costs, with no promise of passing on genes. ①_______, because it seems to be wholly altruistic(利他主义的). But this makes it especially confusing in animals, who do not have the cultural influences we do.
One of the most striking places to see adoption in the animal kingdom is AnoNuevo Island, rising from the sea less than one kilometer off the rocky California coast. ②______
From 1976, scientist Marianne Riedman studied adoption among the seals and why it was happening. It’s a crowed beach, with high tides and rough surf, which explains why many little seals each year were separated from their mothers at least once, some permanently.
The researchers counted a total of 572 adopted little seals over the course. Interestingly, some adult seals were likely than others to become foster parents. For one thing, all the foster parents were female. ③______ Yet among females, the most common foster seal was a mother who had lost her own child. Why might this be One possible reason is that adoption helped these females reproduce later on.
Regular nursing may cause them to give ovulation(排卵). ④_______
Another possibility is that mothers are prepared to care for their children immediately following birth. ⑤________ the motivation towards care may be so great that they redirect their attention onto other unrelated little animals.
A. Considering the absence of their own young
B. Scientists have long been interested in adoption
C. Once a year, it is home to hundreds of northern elephant seals to give birth
D. Because those poor little seals can meet the seals of their own size in the foster family
E. That’s unsurprising, for what drives these poor little seals to seek out care is the need to nurse
F. In turn it could make a female more likely to give birth to her own child the following season
G. Only in this way can the species go on keeping its unity and power to fight against the danger
三、
We've been test-driving some new cars recently. I appreciate the clean and simple design inside. For some reasons, many car makers have been shifted from physical controls to touch screens. ①_______ Instead of lots of physical buttons, you have a single touch screen. You can use it to move between the different controls.
The touch screen is a single system for many controls in your car. So simple Actually, not simple at all. ②________ It will always be more challenging to use. It will likely take more time to use for each function. Worse still, the touch screen may also put you at greater risk of being in an accident.
In a car with buttons and other physical controls, you can often perform the same tasks without looking. ③_______ And you most likely receive physical feedback(反馈) through your fingers letting you know you've succeeded. Buttons are probably faster than touch screens. With a button, you reach over and easily get your fingers on it.
④________ They may be effective, but many also require multiple attempts to work. If you've ever asked your phone to do something, you know there are still challenges in speech recognition.
However, if you need to use the touch screen to control systems in your car, I have a few suggestions. Get your basic setup running before your car is running down the road. If you have a passenger, let that person control the touch screen. ⑤_______
A. But this also means extra steps for each action.
B. The touch screen is far more complex than buttons.
C. New cars are often completely touch screen-controlled.
D. Physical controls have great advantages over touch screens.
E. Always keep your eyes on the road instead of the fancy screen.
F. You know when your hand is in the right place to use the controls.
G. Some cars with touch screen controls can respond to voice commands.
四、
Digital Medicine
Could the next suggestion from your doctor be downloading an app Collectively known as digital medicine, a large number of apps in use or under development can now detect or monitor mental and physical disorders or directly administer therapies.①_____
Many detection aids rely on mobile devices to record such features as users’ voices, locations, facial expressions, exercise and sleep; then they apply artificial intelligence to mark the possible change of a condition. Some smart watches, for instance, contain a sensor that automatically detects and warns people of a dangerous heart rate. ②_____These wearable detection aids will not replace a doctor any time soon but can be helpful partners in stressing concerns that need follow-up. ③_____Some are being developed to detect things such as cancerous DNA, stomach bleeds, body temperature and oxygen levels. The sensors inside your body can then send the data to apps for recording.
④____For the most part, those intended to diagnose or treat disorders must be proved safe and effective in clinical trials and earn regulatory approval; some may need a doctor’s permission.
Clearly, society must move into the future of digital medicine with care — ensuring that the apps go through strict testing, protect privacy and go smoothly into doctors’ work. With such protections in place, healthcare costs could be saved by marking unhealthy behaviours and helping people to make changes before diseases set in. ⑤_____For researchers, the patterns that emerge will provide them with novel ideas for how best to build healthier habits and prevent diseases.
A.For doctors, applying AI to the data from these apps could help them personalize patient care.
B.These data also help doctors detect diseases and help patients change their behaviors.
C.Other similar tools can detect breathing disorders, depression and other conditions.
D.They can both help diagnose symptoms and enhance traditional medical care.
E.Detection aids can also take the form of eatable and sensor-bearing pills.
F.Digital medicine has been widely used in all aspects of life nowadays.
G.Not all healthcare apps can be used as digital medicine.
五、
For many students, maths and science have always been boring and even difficult subjects. Teachers have long tried a variety of ways to get students excited about STEM, which stands for science, technology, engineering and maths. ①_______.
The use of robotics is on the rise in today's world. ②________ Not only does it give them a head start in subjects like computer programming, maths and science, it can also develop an interest in careers students may have never considered before.
Robots are most often related to technology and other STEM-related fields. However, playing with robots has educational benefits beyond simply learning to build and program the robots themselves. Robots can be used to in problem-based learning to develop students' problem-solving skills and get them working cooperatively and more. In this learning model, students are presented with a problem they must solve. ③_______. This inspires creativity, critical thinking and cooperation—all important 21s-century skills.
Robots aren't just for students who need a challenge. ④_______ Students with autism who may shy away from interaction with a human being are more likely to open up to a robot, and the risk of failure or embarrassment in front of the robot is much lower. Robots can provide a way for them to practice social skills without the pressure of interacting with a real person.
There are a wide variety of robots available for classroom use. ⑤_______ It now makes robots designed for students in elementary and middle school. The robots can be programmed using a computer or tablet and a simplified programming app. This introduces the basics of programming and robotics to younger students who might then choose to study further in high school and college.
Robots are only going to become a bigger part of everyday life in the future. Using robots in the classroom is a proven way to get kids excited and increase learning.
A. Allowing students to play with robots and learn how they work can have huge benefits for them.
B. Instead of following a teacher's directions, students work out their own solutions to the problem.
C. One of the most popular is from LEGO, the company that first made engineering fun for kids.
D. It turns out one of the best ways to get kids interested in STEM is through the use of robots.
E. Playing with robots can have additional benefits for students with disabilities.
F. Research into this possibility has already begun.
G. Robots are naturally fun and exciting for kids.
六、
Does alien life exist It’s a question many people have tried to answer. ①__________ AI is a type of program that allows a computer to learn from experience and perform tasks that usually require human intelligence. AI works by taking in lots of data, then making predictions based on it.
The research team used their AI method to analyze different materials and determine whether they were biotic (生物性的) or abiotic. ②_____________
To train the AI program, the researchers gave it data on 134 biotic and abiotic materials. The program then used that knowledge to predict whether things like human hair, bones, teeth, eaves, coal, and chemicals were alive or not. ③____________
④____________ “We may be able to find a life-form from another planet.” said Robert Hazen of the Carnegie Institution for Science in Washington, DC． “If we do find signs of life elsewhere, we can tell if life on Earth and other planets derived from a common or different origin.” For now, though, the team is focused on ancient rock samples from Earth to learn more about life on our own planet and where it originated. For example, the tool could be used to settle a disagreement among scientists about 3. 5-billion-year-old rocks from Western Australia. ⑤____________ However, others think the rocks just have unusual patterns.
The AI could also be used to examine samples from Mars collected by the Perseverance over. NASA put this wheeled robot on the red planet to search for evidence that Mars has the right conditions to support life. Perseverance is gathering rock samples that will be brought to Earth in 2033.
A．People’s answers are various.
B．Some experts believe AI can’t tell their origin.
C．The researchers said the AI was 90% accurate.
D．The scientists also think the AI tool could detect alien life-forms.
E．Some experts believe the rocks contain Earth’s oldest fossil samples.
F．Now scientists have identified a new method for finding alien life using AI.
G．The AI also could tell whether a biotic sample was currently living or a fossil.
七、
In the more than 6,000 years of living in cities, humans have always had to find solutions to problems concerning how they live and work, such as sanitation (卫生), transportation and nature protection. In addition, important technological innovations require basic facilities: the electric grid; telephone and cell-phone networks and so on.①_____They can help provide for improved delivery and quality of services.
A smart city is a place that uses digital methods to provide more efficient networks and services for the benefit of its residents and businesses. It means smarter urban transportation, advanced water supply and more efficient ways to light and heat buildings.②_____
Smart cities rely heavily on automation and the internet of things. According to a global technology organization, a smart city works in four steps: collection, analysis, communication, and action. ③_____After the data collected is analyzed, the result will be communicated to the decision-makers, who will take action to improve the city life of its residents.
④_____Singapore, for example, has introduced a wide range of smart technologies in both its public and private areas in 2024.To help with the aging population, it introduced a digital health system allowing video consultations as well as devices that can monitor their health.
⑤_____However, as with any significant citywide technology initiative, implementation (实施) of smart cities takes vision, investment, and careful planning to ensure adoption and success. Taking the first steps toward picturing what your smart city might look like is, well, the smart thing to do.
A.What does a smart city look like
B.It’s hard to ignore the many benefits connected cities offer.
C.Today, using cutting-edge technologies, smart cities cover them all.
D.It also means a more interactive city administration and safer public spaces.
E.It can provide better transportation, safer society and effective decision and so on.
F.Smart city technologies have already been applied in various countries across the world.
G.During this process, a set of smart sensors will collect real-time data about people and facilities.
八、
Spotting AI art mistakes
Artificial intelligence(AI) has been increasingly good at fooling people. Several photos showing former US president Donald Trump being aggressively arrested by police have caught people’s attention. They were fake but very convincing.
Created by the AI program Midjourney, the photos were highly realistic, from the characters’ movements to the surroundings. ① _________ The Washington Post’s technology writer Shira Ovide shared her tips. The main idea is to spot the glitches-anything that would look strange in a photo.
② _________ It sometimes can create hands with more than five fingers. This is because AI isn’t sure what a “hand” exactly is, according to Popular Science. The data Al uses to learn often show hands and fingers in different kinds of gestures, which can be very confusing for AI.
AI-generated images also usually contain details that contradict reality. ③ _________ To spot this, focus on small items which are easy to ignore. And if there’s a text in an image, such as a newspaper or poster, it’s usually garbled (篡改的), even though the text may look realistic from a distance.
Another thing AI is terrible at handling is the background. If there’s a crowd in the image, people’s faces in the background are usually unclear. ④ _________
The development of AI-generated art also raises alarm bells about how these fake images could be used to spread misinformation. ⑤ _________ Jamie Cohen, a digital culture and AI expert in the US, argued that generating an AI artwork is to “create reality”. He added that being able to tell whether the work is real or not requires high media literacy skills. “The world may not be ready for how realistic the images have become,” Shane Kittelson, a US researcher, told The Washington Post.
A. Sometimes even worse, they don’t have faces at all!
B. Al software has a history of generating human hands incorrectly.
C. Experts are concerned that misinformation may hit an all-time high.
D. Al-generated art raises tricky questions about copyright and security.
E. However, many details can give away the fact that they are made by AI.
F. For example, earrings or one part of people’s sunglasses may be missing in an image.
G. Searching images also provides clues—if no original photo comes up, it is likely to be fake.
九、
Radar is an electronic device that detects planes, ships, coastlines, landmarks, and even storm clouds. The name radar comes from the first letters of the words “radio direction and ranging”. As the human eye uses light waves to see, radar “sees” with radio waves. Without radar, planes could not land safely in bad weather and ships could not move safely in thick fog. ①________
In the 1800s it was discovered that radio waves could be reflected from objects. But scientists did not make great advances in radar research until the 1930s, when the world was threatened by war. ②__________ It has been used widely in almost every conflict(冲突) since then.
Echoes make it possible for radar to work. When a beam of radio waves is sent out, it strikes an object and returns an echo. This echo is picked up by radar and recorded on a screen similar to television screens. On the screen an observer sees a flash and that can show the direction and distance of the object. ③__________
Airport control towers use radar to guide planes in for safe landings. Almost all large ships depend on radar to prevent collisions with icebergs or other ships. ④__________ Weather forecasters “see” the size, direction, and speed of storms on radar screens. Astronomers can even use radar to measure accurately the distance from the earth to the moon. Thus, the device has helped achieve major advancements.
⑤_________It guards us against possible enemy attacks. We have ballistic missile(弹道导弹) warning systems that can warn us against attacks when missiles are more than 1,000 miles away. Other radar systems can also warn us against enemy aircraft and even spying space satellites.
A. The measurement is now highly accurate.
B. Police track speeders in radar-equipped cars.
C. The device can be used in a wide range of fields.
D. It is therefore especially valuable to shippers and travelers.
E. During World War II many countries used radar effectively.
F. Today radar is used by commercial airliners and weather forecasters.
G. Strengthening national defense is one of radar’s most important functions.
十、
Four Rules for Successful Plant Cloning
Plant growers have two choices when it comes to starting new plants: growing from seed, or plant cloning. And plant clones offer advantages that growing plants from seed can’t offer. Growing from clones, you’re sure to have all females, and as long as you do the cloning yourself, you know who the mother plant is and how your clones will grow, yield, and get you high. ①______.
Take your plant cuttings from a healthy mother plant
Plant cloning gives you genetic copies of your mother plant. ②______, your clones get the best start possibly. Avoid using mother plants that are sick, or that are plagued with pests.
③______
Most plant clones prefer temperatures slightly higher than your ideal grow room temperature, and they don’t like a day and night cycle with a temperature drop at night. That’s why most growers root their cuttings under lighting that stays on 24 hours a day. The lighting itself creates temperature stabilization. Temperatures between 74 — 77 degrees Fahrenheit are the range you want.
Clones like high humidity
Your cuttings need a humid environment in the 75 — 95% humidity range until they’ve created roots and are able to intake water through them. That’s why many plant cloners use humidity covers. You need to wait your clones have functioning roots. ④______, they’ll die.
Use sterile equipment and materials
You already figured out that your scissors, knife or other tools for cutting clones has to be clean. But you also want to make sure you trays, cloning covers, and root zone media are clean and sterile too. ⑤______. Start fresh every time.
When you follow these plant cloning tips, your clone success rate should be nearly 100%.
A. If they’re in dry air
B. Use kind LED lighting
C. Give your plant clones consistent climate
D. But it’s an art and science to plant cloning
E. Don’t reuse cloning cubes or cloning powders and gels
F. If you’re taking 20 clones and seeing only 10 of them survive
G. If your mother plants are strong, healthy, and have potent genetics
十一、
People refer to never forgetting how to ride a bike or throw a baseball as examples of "muscle memory", the result of motor learning. ①_____ It is a phenomenon that previously trained muscles acquire strength after a period of disuse.
Previous research has shown that the changes actually persist in the muscles themselves. In one study of mice, the results suggest that after nuclei in muscle cells multiply in response to an overload of training, those extra nuclei aren't lost during subsequent periods of inactivity. Once you have got additional nuclei, you are banking the capacity. ②_____
In fact, a recent study revealed that less than eight weeks of retraining were needed to reach the post-training level. But how quickly you regain your former fitness depends on how fit you were initially, how long the lay-off was, how old you are and how long you'd been exercising.
③_____ It means you still have a distinct advantage when it comes to regaining your former level of fitness. And the principle applies to both resistance training and endurance training. The best way to regain your muscle memory is to start at a level below what you were accustomed to doing, and then gradually increase in terms of duration, frequency and intensity. ④_____
Ultimately, muscle memory is a payoff for all the past work you put into learning a sport. ⑤_____ You will never know how much muscle memory you may have until you start training again.
A. The best way to tap into it is to "get back on the horse".
B. Physiologists, on the other hand, define it in a different way.
C. This convinces the researchers that muscle memory may not be long-lasting.
D. That is to say, we can do the sports automatically without conscious thought.
E.It is generally safe to increase these elements by five percent every week or two.
F. It is evident that the more you exercise, the more muscle memory savings you will have.
G. All this news about muscle memory is encouraging for those who fell off the fitness scheme.
十二、
Our online activity leaves behind a digital legacy
Nowadays, most of our lives are recorded online. We set up email and online shopping accounts；we download music, films, games and e-books；we post and repost on Sina Weibo and WeChat. Together, these things make up our "digital legacy".①______
US tech company Apple is testing a new digital legacy service. With it, you can pass on your personal data such as photos, videos, notes and other information to your friends or family members.
In fact, there are two types of digital legacy. One is "assets" that we buy with money, ②______. As they are worth some money, they can be inherited. The other kind is things that carry emotional value, such as social media accounts. Dealing with these is a problem.
Although you may have created your accounts, you don't really own them-Internet companies do. ③______. For example, your Taobao account might be closed by the company if you haven't logged in for more than six months.
④______. There is no doubt that valuable virtual coins and cards can be inherited. But whether social media accounts, like WeChat and Sina Weibo, can be inherited is still questionable, because they are highly personal.
⑤______ The answer may be "Yes". The European Union's General Data Protection Regulation went into effect in 2018.It said people have a right to erase personal data, which is also known as "the right to be forgotten". However, many agree that there is still a long way to go in handling digital legacy.
A. which has no financial value
B. You only have a right to use them
C. Is it possible to get everything deleted
D. such as virtual coins and game equipment
E. You have no right to deal with your digital legacy
F. What can we do with our legacy when our last day comes
G. Also, it's hard to balance between our digital legacy and privacy protection
十三、
Whether you're interested in growing a small food garden at home, hydroponic(水培的) gardening provides a way to grow fresh, nutrient-rich food in a quickly-changing world with limited resources.
What is a hydroponic garden
①_____ Plants can grow indoors, all year round, in less space than traditional soil-based gardens. This means if you live in a tiny apartment or don't have an outdoor area, you can still grow fresh food.
How does hydroponic gardening work
Plants need sunlight, water and nutrients to grow. ②_____ But the basis of hydroponics is rooted in growing the food in nutrient-enriched water. A hydroponic system can be programmed to insure a plant receives sufficient water, nutrients, light and even the correct pH level to provide each plant with what it needs to survive and thrive.
What plants can grow hydroponically
A variety of different foods can be grown in a hydroponic garden. ③_____ Similar to what you can grow in a backyard hanging garden, some popular vegetables grown using hydroponics include leafy greens like lettuces(生菜). However, more complex systems can produce fruiting vegetables such as tomatoes, cucumbers, peppers and more.
④_____
In addition to being able to grow food without soil and in small spaces, hydroponic gardening can contribute to solving social and environmental issues. In regions where people don't have access to fresh vegetables, a hydroponic garden can be part of the solution. Hydroponic plants can grow 40% to 50% faster and produce 30% more than the plants growing in soil. ⑤_____ In some cases, you can grow produce that is even more nutritious.
A. Typically, plants get nutrients from soil.
B. What produce can a hydroponic garden offer
C. What are the benefits of a hydroponic garden
D. A hydroponic garden uses water instead of soil.
E. Microgreens are among the easiest plants to grow.
F. You can grow more produce in a shorter amount of time.
G.You can purchase a ready-to-go hydroponic garden or build your own.
十四、
Some people say house dust is mostly human skin cells, but it’s only a little bit true. ①_____, but there are many other components(成分) on top of your ceiling fans. These include paint, hair, building materials, bacteria, viruses, insect body parts, etc.
That list is based on the Canadian House Dust Study, in which researchers collected dust samples from 1,025 Canadian homes. The proportions(比例) of the components vary from household to household. A house near a busy road, for example, is likely to harbor a high level of outdoor pollutants from car exhaust(废气). ②_____.
The commonly-cited statement that 70% to 80% of house dust is human skin cells is likely not true for most houses. ③_____, and 40% came from dirt and other materials from outside. That indoor 60% included everything from organic fibers to building materials, not just dead skin cells.
People do drop lots of skin cells as they go about their business. ④_____. Not all dead skin flakes(剥落) off onto your home’s floors. Many run down the drain(下水道) in the shower, and others are contained by clothing and end up being washed out in the washing machine.
⑤_____. One study found that higher levels of cholesterol and squalene (oils found in dead skin) in dust were associated with lower levels of ozone(臭氧) indoors. Ozone is a pollutant that can cause lung discomfort. Ozone reacts with these oils, thus reducing indoor ozone by between 2% and 15%.
A. But our body needs all kinds of nutrients
B. Skin cells are part of the makeup(组成)of house dust
C. The skin helps people maintain the right internal temperature
D. A newly-built house might have much dust from construction
E. The average adult loses about 500 million skin cells each day
F. It may not be a bad thing to have some dead skin in your home
G. According to a study of house dust, 60% of the components of the dust were from inside
十五、
Cloud storage is a flexible and convenient way to store data with complete peace of mind.
①______ This means you can store all your digital things remotely, without taking up space on your computer. There are two options available: public cloud storage allows you to share hosting space with other users; private cloud storage is the ideal choice for companies who want to have their data stored in their own environment.
②______ Once you have registered and set up your account, you simply save your files via the internet using your username and password. This ensures your data remains secure and inaccessible to anyone else. Should you choose, you can put certain permissions in place, which makes it easy to share your data with your colleagues or your family.
When you sign up to cloud storage, you can choose the amount of space you need. ③______You can store anything digital: all your files, videos and pictures. Whether you want to use this storage solution to store your family photographs or you want to use it to store your work documentation, you will find it quite convenient.
Is it better than your computer or an external drive The answer is a definite puters crash all the time. This is the most common cause of lost work and memories. ④______ Here you also have the added risk of misplacing it or having it stolen. There are so many advantages to cloud computing, from the ability to access your data from wherever, whenever, to not needing expensive external storage devices. ⑤______
A.Cloud storage is very simple to use.
B.You will find cloud storage very cheap.
C.External hard drives can still break, or fail.
D.It enables you to store your data on hosted servers.
E.Cloud storage providers offer multiple layers of data security.
F.The only disadvantage, however, is that you need internet to access files.
G.You can start with a small amount and increase the storage size later on.
答案以及解析
一、答案：①-⑤ AGCFD
解析：①上文提到，看了三个房子后，Macy相中了一个。但那天晚上，她有一种怀疑和不确定的感觉。下文提到其他房子是否会更便宜以及“最优停止问题”。由此可知，空处内容应具体解释Macy的不确定，且涉及她没有看的房子，故A项"倘若下一栋房子更好怎么办"符合语境。空后的"the others"与A项中的"the next house"相呼应。
②上文提到这是一个有关数学和心理学的问题，被称为“最优停止问题”；下文提到它问的是要花多长时间进行抽样才能作出最优决策。由此可知，空处内容应涉及某个问题。G项"Macy面临的数学问题涉及概率最大化"能够连接上下文，符合语境。
③空前提到数学家给了我们一个答案：37%。基本思想是，如果我们需要从100个不同的选项中作出决定，我们应该抽样并放弃前37个。最后提到这是一段我们确定什么有效，什么无效的时间。由此可知，空处内容应与37%法则的特征有关。C项"37%法则并不是无需动脑筋的、机械的东西"承上启下，符合语境。
④上文提到但它有一个大问题：人类不是理性的概率计算机器。事实上，通常情况恰恰相反。空后提到在心理学领域存在“探索一利用权衡”。由此可知，F项符合语境。
⑤上文提到人们探索或利用的程度取决于许多因素，下文提到不同的人在不同的时间更喜欢探索或利用。由此可知，空处内容应与影响探索或利用程度的因素有关。D项"它与我们的好奇和冒险追求程度有关"承接上文，对空前句子进行了补充说明，符合语境。
二、答案：①-⑤ BCEFA
解析：①根据上一句“For foster(领养)parents, there are huge costs, with no promise of passing on genes.(对于养父母来说，需付出巨大的成本，而且没有传递基因的希望）”可知，人们会觉得奇怪，动物父母收养别人的孩子，自己没有任何获益，与空后部分“because it seems to be wholly altruistic.(因为它似乎完全是利他的）”意义一致，动物养父母为什么会收养别人孩子，这看似奇怪，所以科学家会对此感兴趣，从后文第四段至第六段科学家们对此做了探究。B项意为：科学家们一直对收养感兴趣，符合上下文。故选B项。
②根据上一句“One of the most striking places to see adoption in the animal kingdom is AnoNuevo Island, rising from the sea less than one kilometer off the rocky California coast.(动物王国中最引人注目的收养地之一是AnoNuevo岛，它从海上升起，离岩石嶙峋的加利福尼亚海岸不到一公里）”可知，科学家要探究动物收养问题，需要找到一个合适的发生这种现象的地方，并根据下一段首句“From 1976, scientist Marianne Riedman studied adoption among the seals and why it was happening.(从1976年开始，科学家玛丽安·里德曼（Marianne Riedman)研究了海豹之间的收养行为以及为什么会发生这种情况）”中出现的 the seals可知，在上一句中应提到这个岛上有海豹出生。故选C项。
③根据上一句“For one thing, all the foster parents were female.(首先，所有的养父母都是雌性）”，可知，收养别人家海豹的都是雌性海豹，接下来就会解释这个现象，E项内容：这并不奇怪，因为驱使这些可怜的小海豹寻求护理的原因是需要喂奶，符合语境，解释了一个原因，失去父母的幼小海豹会主动寻找母性海豹寻求关爱；及下文“Yet among females, the most common foster seal was a mother who had lost her own child.(然而，在雌性海豹中，最常见的寄养海豹是一个失去了自己孩子的母亲）”这又是另一层原因，失去自己孩子的母海豹产奶可以为别的海豹哺乳，有利于自己以后的繁殖，所以E项契合上下文。故选E项。
④根据上一句“Regular nursing may cause them to give(定期的哺乳可能会使她们排卵）”可知，这提到失去孩子的母海豹喂养别的海豹的一个好处，F项内容：反过来，这会使雌海豹更有可能在下一个季节生下自己的孩子，符合语境，“it”指代“ovulation”，排卵使她们更有可能再次生下自己的孩子。故选F项。
⑤该空后，句首字母没大写，可知，该空应该是和后面部分“the motivation towards care may be so great that they redirect their attention onto other unrelated little animals.(关爱的动机可能是如此强烈，以至于它们将注意力转移到其他不相关的小动物身上）”为同一个句子，A项Considering the absence of their own young(考虑到它们没有自己的幼崽），这是一个非谓语结构，是空后句子的原因状语，语意完整通顺，自己的孩子找不到了去哺喂别的孩子，母性使然。故选A项。
三、答案：①-⑤ CBFGE
解析：这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述很多汽车制造商已经从实体控制转向了触摸屏控制，最后提出了一些使用触摸屏控制汽车的建议。
①上文"For some reasons, many car makers have been shifted from physical controls to touch screens.(由于某些原因，许多汽车制造商已经从实体控制转向了触摸屏)"提到很多汽车制造商转向触摸屏，结合下文"Instead of lots of physical buttons, you have a single touch screen.(你只有一个触摸屏，而不是大量的实体按钮)"可知，没有实体按钮，只有一个触摸屏，说明汽车是完全由触摸屏控制，C项"新车通常是完全触摸屏控制的"符合语境。故选C。
②根据上文"So simple Actually, not simple at all.(这么简单？事实上，一点也不简单)"及下文"It will always be more challenging to use.(它的使用总是更具挑战性)"可知，使用触摸屏并不是那么简单，B项"触屏比按键复杂得多"与上下文语义一致。故选B。
③根据上文"In a car with buttons and other physical controls, you can often perform the same tasks without looking.(在一辆有按钮和其他实体控制的汽车里，你经常可以不用看就完成同样的任务)"及下文"And you most likely receive physical feedback(反馈) through your fingers letting you know you've succeeded.(你很可能会通过手指收到实体反馈，让你知道自己已经成功了)"可知，实时控制的汽车可以不用看就进行操作，你知道手该放哪里，且手指会得到一定的反馈，让你知道自己成功了，F项"你知道你的手何时在正确的位置使用控制"符合语境。故选F。
④根据下文"They may be effective, but many also require multiple attempts to work. If you've ever asked your phone to do something, you know there are still challenges in speech recognition.(它们可能是有效的，但许多也需要多次尝试才能奏效。如果你曾经让手机做过什么事，你就会知道语音识别仍然存在挑战)"可知，本段是描述汽车上的语音控制，G项"一些带有触摸屏控制的汽车可以响应语音命令"符合语境。故选G。
⑤上文"Get your basic setup running before your car is running down the road. If you have a passenger, let that person control the touch screen.(在你的车在路上跑之前，把基本的设置运行起来。如果你有乘客，让那个人来控制触摸屏)"是使用由触摸屏控制的汽车的建议，开车时不要自己盯着触摸屏，要让乘客来控制触摸屏，E项"总是把你的眼睛盯在路上，而不是花哨的屏幕上"符合语境。故选E。
四、答案：DCEGA
解析：①前文“Collectively known as digital medicine, a large number of apps in use or under development can now detect or monitor mental and physical disorders or directly administer therapies. (现在，大量正在使用或正在开发的应用程序被统称为数字医疗，它们可以检测或监测心理和身体疾病，或直接实施治疗)”介绍数字医疗具备的功能，D项“They can both help diagnose symptoms and enhance traditional medical care. (它们既可以帮助诊断症状，又可以加强传统的医疗保健)”符合语境，继续介绍数字医疗的功能，承接前文，其中的They指代前文的a large number of apps。故选D。
②前文“Some smart watches, for instance, contain a sensor that automatically detects and warns people of a dangerous heart rate. (例如，一些智能手表包含一个传感器，可以自动检测并警告人们危险的心率)”列举智能手表中的检测辅助功能，后文“These wearable detection aids will not replace a doctor any time soon but can be helpful partners in stressing concerns that need follow-up. (这些可穿戴检测辅助设备不会在短期内取代医生，但可以成为强调需要随访的问题的有益伙伴)”对可穿戴检测辅助设备的作用进行评估，C项“Other similar tools can detect breathing disorders, depression and other conditions. (其他类似的工具可以检测呼吸障碍、抑郁症和其他疾病)”符合语境，说明其他的检测辅助功能，承接前文，引出后文的评估，后文的These wearable detection aids涵盖前文的Some smart watches和选项中的Other similar tools。故选C。
③前文“These wearable detection aids will not replace a doctor any time soon but can be helpful partners in stressing concerns that need follow-up. (这些可穿戴检测辅助设备不会在短期内取代医生，但可以成为强调需要随访的问题的有益伙伴)”对可穿戴检测辅助设备的作用进行评估，后文“Some are being developed to detect things such as cancerous DNA, stomach bleeds, body temperature and oxygen levels. The sensors inside your body can then send the data to apps for recording. (其中一些正在被开发用于检测癌症DNA、胃出血、体温和氧气水平等。然后，你体内的传感器可以将数据发送到应用程序进行记录。)”介绍新的介入体内的检测辅助设备，E项“Detection aids can also take the form of eatable and sensor-bearing pills. (检测辅助设备还可以采用可食用和带有传感器的药丸的形式)”符合语境，说明检测辅助设备的新形式，从前文的可穿戴的形式过渡到后文的介入体内的新形式，其中的eatable and sensor-bearing和后文的The sensors inside your body呼应。故选E。
④空处位于段首，需引出段落内容。后文“For the most part, those intended to diagnose or treat disorders must be proved safe and effective in clinical trials and earn regulatory approval; some may need a doctor’s permission. (在大多数情况下，那些用于诊断或治疗疾病的药物必须在临床试验中被证明是安全有效的，并获得监管部门的批准；有些可能需要医生的许可)”指出数字医疗发展中的严格限制和流程，G项“Not all healthcare apps can be used as digital medicine. (并非所有的医疗保健应用程序都可以用作数字医疗)”符合语境，说明数字医疗有其限制，可引出后文。故选G。
⑤前文“With such protections in place, healthcare costs could be saved by marking unhealthy behaviours and helping people to make changes before diseases set in. (有了这些保护措施，就可以通过标记不健康行为并帮助人们在疾病发生之前做出改变来节省医疗费用)”说明使用数字医疗对于普通人的好处，后文“For researchers, the patterns that emerge will provide them with novel ideas for how best to build healthier habits and prevent diseases. (对于研究人员来说，出现的模式将为他们提供如何最好地建立更健康的习惯和预防疾病的新想法)”说明使用数字医疗对于研究者的好处，A项“For doctors, applying AI to the data from these apps could help them personalize patient care. (对于医生来说，将人工智能应用于这些应用程序的数据可以帮助他们个性化患者护理)”符合语境，说明使用数字医疗对于医生的好处，和前后文内容呼应。故选A。
五、答案：①-⑤ DABEC
解析：这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了机器人对学生学习STEM(科学、技术、工程和数学)的好处以及机器人的具体应用等。
①根据上文"For many students, maths and science have always been boring and even difficult subjects. Teachers have long tried a variety of ways to get students excited about STEM, which stands for science, technology, engineering and maths.(对许多学生来说，数学和科学一直是枯燥甚至困难的科目。长期以来，教师们一直在尝试各种方法让学生对STEM(科学、技术、工程和数学)感到兴奋)"以及后文"The use of robotics is on the rise in today's world.(机器人技术在当今世界的应用越来越多)"可知，本句属于过渡句，指出让孩子对STEM感兴趣的方法是利用机器人。故D选项"事实证明，让孩子对STEM感兴趣的最好方法之一是使用机器人"符合语境。故选D。
②根据上文"The use of robotics is on the rise in today's world.(机器人技术在当今世界的应用越来越多)"可知，本句承接上文举例说明机器人技术的具体应用。故A选项"让学生们和机器人玩，学习它们是如何工作的，会给他们带来巨大的好处"符合语境。故选A。
③根据上文"In this learning model, students are presented with a problem they must solve.(在这种学习模式中，学生面临一个他们必须解决的问题)"以及后文"This inspires creativity, critical thinking and cooperation—all important 21s-century skills.(这激发了创造力、批判性思维和合作——这些都是21世纪的重要技能)"可知，本句旨在说明学生必须自己解决的问题是什么，故B选项"学生自己解决问题，而不是听从老师的指示"符合语境。故选B。
④根据后文"Students with autism who may shy away from interaction with a human being are more likely to open up to a robot, and the risk of failure or embarrassment in front of the robot is much lower. Robots can provide a way for them to practice social skills without the pressure of interacting with a real person.(那些可能会羞于与人类互动的自闭症学生更有可能对机器人敞开心扉，在机器人面前失败或尴尬的风险要低得多。机器人可以为他们提供一种练习社交技能的方式，而不用与真人互动的压力)"可知，后文自闭症的例子说明机器人对残疾学生也有益处。故E选项"玩机器人对残疾学生有额外的好处"符合语境。故选E。
⑤根据上文"There are a wide variety of robots available for classroom use.(可供教室使用的机器人种类繁多)"可知，本句承接上文列举可以在教室使用的机器人。故C选项"最受欢迎的玩具之一来自乐高，这家公司最早让孩子们对工程感兴趣"符合语境。故选C。
六、答案：FGCDE
解析：①语境衔接题。根据前文：外星生命存在吗 这是一个很多人都试图回答的问题。以及后文：人工智能是一种允许计算机从经验中学习并执行通常需要人类智能的任务的程序。可知，前文讲述外星生命，后文讲述人工智能，所以空处应是提及人工智能和外星生命有关，所以F项，现在，科学家们发现了一种利用人工智能寻找外星生命的新方法"符合语境。故选F项。
②联系上文题。根据前文：研究小组利用人工智能方法分析了不同的材料，并确定了它们是生物还是非生物。可知，本段主要讲述人工智能在分析材料的运用，所以G项人工智能还可以判断生物样本目前是活的还是化石"符合语境。故选G项。
③联系上文题。根据前文：为了训练人工智能程序，研究人员给了它134种生物和非生物材料的数据。然后，该程序利用这些知识来预测人类的头发骨骼、牙齿、屋檐、煤炭和化学品等是否有生命。可知，本段讲述研究人员如何训练人工智能，所以C项研究人员表示，人工智能的准确率为90%"符合语境。故选C项。
④联系下文题。根据后文：我们也许能在另一个星球上找到一种生命形式。华盛顿卡内基科学研究所的Robert Hazen说。可知，本段讲述人工智能能帮助探测生命形式，所以D项科学家们还认为，这种人工智能工具可以探测到外星生命形式符合语境。故选D项。
⑤语境衔接题。根据前文：例如，这个工具可以用来解决科学家们对来自西澳大利亚的35亿年前的岩石的分歧。以及后文：然而，其他人认为这些岩石只是有不寻常的图案。可知，此处在举例西澳大利亚的35亿年前的岩石进行说明，所以E项一些专家认为这些岩石含有地球上最古老的化石样本符合语境。故选E项。
七、答案：CDGFB
解析：①通读全文可知，本文要讲的是智慧城市。开头第一句“In the more than 6,000 years of living in cities, humans have always had to find solutions to problems concerning how they live and work, such as sanitation (卫生), transportation and nature protection.(在生活在城市的6000多年里，人类总是必须找到解决他们如何生活和工作等问题的办法，如卫生设施、交通和自然保护。)”可知，第一段讲城市从古至今的发展。此外第一段最后一句“They can help provide for improved delivery and quality of services.(它们可以帮助提供改进和服务质量)”中的they 指的是上句中提到的复数名词，而下文中主要讲的是智慧城市，所以，应该此处提到智慧城市以承上启下。C项“Today, using cutting-edge technologies, smart cities cover them all(如今，利用尖端技术，智能城市覆盖了这一切。)”符合题意。故选C。
②第二段讲的是智慧城市的定义。根据上文“It means smarter urban transportation, advanced water supply and more efficient ways to light and heat buildings.(这意味着更智能的城市交通、先进的供水和更有效的建筑照明和供暖方式。)”中的“It means ...”结构可知，D项“It also means a more interactive city administration and safer public spaces(这也意味着一个更互动的城市管理和更安全的公共空间)”与上文结构一致，一起说明智慧城市的好处，符合题意。故选D。
③第三段主要讲智慧城市的运作方式。根据本段第二句“According to a global technology organization, a smart city works in four steps: collection, analysis, communication, and action.(根据一个全球技术组织的说法，一个智能城市的工作分为四个步骤：收集、分析、沟通和行动。)”可知，智慧城市的工作是一个过程。所以G项“During this process, a set of smart sensors will collect real-time data about people and facilities.(在这个过程中，一组智能传感器将收集有关人员和设施的实时数据。)”中“this process”很好照应了前面的“four steps”。故选G。
④空处为段落主旨句。根据第四段“Smart city technologies have already been applied in some countries and cities around the world. Singapore, for example, has introduced a wide range of smart technologies in both its public and private sectors since launching its Smart Nation initiative in 2014.(智慧城市技术已经在世界上一些国家和城市得到了应用。例如，新加坡自2014年启动智能国家计划以来，在公共和私营部门引入了广泛的智能技术)”可知，提到新加坡，是为了进行举例说明智慧城市技术的应用。因此第四段首句即主旨句应该是说智慧城市已经得到应用。F项“Smart city technologies have already been applied in various countries across the world.(智能城市技术已经在世界多个国家得到应用)”符合题意。故选F。
⑤根据最后一段“However, as with any significant citywide technology initiative, implementation (实施) of smart cities takes vision, investment, and careful planning to ensure adoption and success. Taking the first steps toward picturing what your smart city might look like is, well, the smart thing to do.(然而，就像任何重要的全市技术创新一样，智能城市的实施需要远见、投资和仔细的规划，以确保采用和成功。要想想象你的智慧城市的样子，迈出第一步，是明智的做法)”中however之后说明了智慧城市的建设任重道远。根据逻辑，前文应该提到是比较乐观的事物。结合前文，B项“It’s hard to ignore the many benefits connected cities offer.(尽管我们很难忽视互联城市所提供的许多好处)”符合题意。故选B。
八、答案：①-⑤EBFAC
解析：①根据上文“Created by the AI program Midjourney, the photos were highly realistic, from the characters’ movements to the surroundings. (这些照片由人工智能程序Midjourney制作，从人物的动作到周围环境，都非常逼真。)”以及后文“The Washington Post’s technology writer Shira Ovide shared her tips. The main idea is to spot the glitches-anything that would look strange in a photo. (《华盛顿邮报》的科技作家希拉·奥维德分享了她的建议。主要的想法是发现故障——任何在照片中看起来很奇怪的东西。)”可知，本句与上文构成转折，指出如何发现AI生成图像的办法，故E选项“然而，许多细节会泄露它们是人工智能制造的事实”符合语境，故选E。
②根据后文“It sometimes can create hands with more than five fingers. This is because AI isn’t sure what a “hand” exactly is, according to Popular Science. The data Al uses to learn often show hands and fingers in different kinds of gestures, which can be very confusing for AI. (它有时可以创造出超过五个手指的手。据《大众科学》报道，这是因为人工智能不确定“手”到底是什么。人工智能用来学习的数据经常以不同的手势显示手和手指，这可能会让人工智能非常困惑。)”可知，本段主要说明了人工智能生成手方面的错误，故B选项“人工智能软件有错误生成人手的历史”符合语境，故选B。
③根据上文“AI-generated images also usually contain details that contradict reality. (人工智能生成的图像通常也包含与现实相矛盾的细节。)”可知，本句承接上文，就人工智能生成的图像通常也包含与现实相矛盾的细节进行举例，故F选项“例如，人们的耳环或太阳镜的一部分可能会在图像中丢失。”符合语境，故选F。
④根据上文“Another thing AI is terrible at handling is the background. If there’s a crowd in the image, people’s faces in the background are usually unclear. (AI在处理背景方面也很糟糕。如果照片中有一群人，背景中人们的脸通常是不清楚的。)”可知，上文提到了背景中的人们脸不清楚，本句为本段最后一句，故承接上文，继续说明这一情况。故A选项“有时候更糟的是，他们根本没有脸”符合语境，故选A。
⑤根据上文“The development of AI-generated art also raises alarm bells about how these fake images could be used to spread misinformation. (人工智能生成艺术的发展也为这些虚假图像如何被用来传播错误信息敲响了警钟。)”以及后文“Jamie Cohen, a digital culture and AI expert in the US, argued that generating an AI artwork is to “create reality”. He added that being able to tell whether the work is real or not requires high media literacy skills. “The world may not be ready for how realistic the images have become,” Shane Kittelson, a US researcher, told The Washington Post. (美国数字文化和人工智能专家Jamie Cohen认为，创作一件人工智能艺术品就是“创造现实”。他补充说，要辨别作品的真伪需要很高的媒体素养。美国研究人员谢恩·基特尔森在接受《华盛顿邮报》采访时表示：“世界可能还没有准备好接受这些图像变得如此逼真。”)”可知，后文主要提到了专家对于错误信息的担忧，故C选项“专家担心错误信息可能达到历史最高水平。”符合语境，故选C。
九、答案：DEABG
解析：①根据上文“Without radar, planes could not land safely in bad weather and ships could not move safely in thick fog.(没有雷达，飞机就不能在恶劣天气中安全着陆，船只就不能在浓雾中安全航行)”可知，本句与上文构成因果关系，说明雷达的重要性，D选项中It指代上文radar。故D选项“因此，它对托运人和旅行者特别有价值”符合语境，故选D。
②根据上文“In the 1800s it was discovered that radio waves could be reflected from objects. But scientists did not make great advances in radar research until the 1930s, when the world was threatened by war.(在19世纪，人们发现无线电波可以被物体反射。但直到20世纪30年代，当世界受到战争威胁时，科学家们才在雷达研究方面取得了重大进展)”以及后文“It has been used widely in almost every conflict(冲突) since then.(从那时起，它几乎在每一次冲突中都被广泛使用)”可知，上文提到了雷达研究取得重大进展，后文提到了广泛使用，故本句是在说明雷达被应用的情况，故E选项“在第二次世界大战期间，许多国家有效地使用了雷达”符合语境，故选E。
③根据上文“Echoes make it possible for radar to work. When a beam of radio waves is sent out, it strikes an object and returns an echo. This echo is picked up by radar and recorded on a screen similar to television screens. On the screen an observer sees a flash and that can show the direction and distance of the object.(回声使雷达工作成为可能。当一束无线电波发出时，它击中一个物体并返回一个回声。这种回声被雷达接收并记录在类似电视屏幕的屏幕上。观察者在屏幕上看到一个闪光，它可以显示物体的方向和距离)”可知，上文提到了在屏幕上观察者会看到一束光，这表明了物体的方向和距离。故空处应该是对测量结果的评价，说明测量的结果是高度准确的。故A选项“现在的测量非常精确”符合语境，故选A。
④根据上文“Airport control towers use radar to guide planes in for safe landings. Almost all large ships depend on radar to prevent collisions with icebergs or other ships.(机场控制塔使用雷达引导飞机安全着陆。几乎所有的大型船只都依靠雷达来防止与冰山或其他船只相撞)”以及后文“Weather forecasters “see” the size, direction, and speed of storms on radar screens. Astronomers can even use radar to measure accurately the distance from the earth to the moon. Thus, the device has helped achieve major advancements.(天气预报员在雷达屏幕上“看到”风暴的大小、方向和速度。天文学家甚至可以用雷达精确测量地球到月球的距离。因此，该设备帮助实现了重大进步)”可知，此段主要介绍了雷达在不同领域的应用。空处前后都是举例，故本句主要是雷达在其他行业中应用的例子，故B选项“警察用装有雷达的汽车跟踪超速者”符合语境，故选B。
⑤根据后文“It guards us against possible enemy attacks. We have ballistic missile(弹道导弹) warning systems that can warn us against attacks when missiles are more than 1,000 miles away. Other radar systems can also warn us against enemy aircraft and even spying space satellites.(它保护我们免受敌人可能的攻击。我们有弹道导弹预警系统，当导弹在1000英里以外的地方袭击时，它可以警告我们。其他雷达系统也可以警告我们敌人的飞机，甚至是间谍空间卫星)” 可知，本段主要讲了雷达也可用于国防领域。故G选项“加强国防是雷达最重要的功能之一”符合语境，故选G。
十、答案：①-⑤DGCAE
解析：①根据上文“Growing from clones, you’re sure to have all females, and as long as you do the cloning yourself, you know who the mother plant is and how your clones will grow, yield, and get you high. (从克隆植物中生长，你肯定会有所有的雌性植物，只要你自己做克隆，你就知道母株是谁，你的克隆植物将如何生长、长成作物，让你兴奋。)”可知，看着自己亲自进行克隆植物会是件令人兴奋的事，D项“But it’s an art and science to plant cloning. (但克隆植物是一门艺术和科学)”，D项与上文之间为转折关系，且有启下的作用，引出下文的四个成功克隆植物的规则，语意顺畅。故选D项。
②本段主题句“Take your plant cuttings from a healthy mother plant (从健康的植物母株上取下插枝)”，关键词为mother plant，上文“Plant cloning gives you genetic copies of your mother plant. (植物克隆为您提供母株的基因复制)”可知，植物母株对植物克隆会有遗传影响，联系主题句可知，母株健康，克隆产物才有可能健康；后一句“your clones get the best start possibly (你的克隆可能会有一个最好的开始)”可知，这个好的开始必然是有一个好的先提条件；G项“If your mother plants are strong, healthy, and have potent genetics (如果你的植物母株强壮、健康、有强大的基因)”，故G项与下文为条件关系，对上文信息作出了具体的解释。故选G项。
③考查主题句。本段第一句“Most plant clones prefer temperatures slightly higher than your ideal grow room temperature, and they don’t like a day and night cycle with a temperature drop at night. (大多数植物克隆体喜欢比理想生长温度略高的温度，它们不喜欢白天和晚上的温度下降周期。)”，根据其中的关键词temperatures可知，本段与克隆植物所需的适宜的稳定的温度有关，最后两句“The lighting itself creates temperature stabilization. Temperatures between 74—77 degrees Fahrenheit are the range you want.(照明本身创造了温度稳定。74-77华氏度是你想要的温度范围。)”可知，克隆植物最理想的温度条件为稳定的74-77华氏度。C项“Give your plant clones consistent climate (给你的克隆植物稳定的气候)”符合题意。故选C项。
④本段主题句“Clones like high humidity (克隆植物喜欢高湿度)”说明了克隆植物的湿度要求，根据下文“they’ll die (他们就会死)”可知，达不到湿度条件,克隆植物会死；A项“If they’re in dry air (如果它们在干燥的空气中)”，说明了湿度不够，空气干燥，会导致克隆植物死掉，A项与下文为条件关系。故选A项。
⑤本段主题句“Use sterile equipment and materials (使用无菌设备和材料)”说明了克隆植物时的容器、相关材料的要求。上文“You already figured out that your scissors, knife or other tools for cutting clones has to be clean. But you also want to make sure you trays, cloning covers, and root zone media are clean and sterile too. (你已经知道你的剪刀、刀或其他用于切割克隆植物体的工具必须是干净的。但是你也要确保你的托盘，克隆覆盖，和根区介质是干净和无菌的。)”，上文列举了对部分材料的要求；E项“Don’t reuse cloning cubes or cloning powders and gels (不要重复使用克隆方块或克隆粉末和凝胶)”，E项承接上文，话题一致，下文“Start fresh every time. (每次都用新的)”，为总结句，呼应主题句。故选E项。
十一、答案：BAGEF
解析：①上文内容指出人们用举例子的方法给“肌肉记忆”下定义,下文是另一种“肌肉记忆”的定义,由此可知,设空处引起下文,指出其他人对肌肉记忆的定义,B项(另一方面,生理学家则用不同的方式来定义它)符合语境,其中it代指上文“muscle memory”。
②上文内容指出有了额外的原子核,你就是在储蓄能量,设空处应该承接上文,指出我们应该如何做才能挖掘出自己的能量。A项(最好的挖掘出能量的方法就是“重新振作起来”)符合语境,同时顺承下文所讲的要通过再训练来挖掘自己的能量。
③上文内容提到一项研究指出要恢复到之前的水平,需要考虑最初的健康状况、停止活动的时间、年龄和锻炼的时间几个方面,下文指出你仍然有优势恢复到之前的水平。故设空处应该承上启下,G项(所有这些关于肌肉记忆的消息对于那些脱离健身计划的人来说都是鼓舞人心的)符合语境,并且All this news与上文呼应,fell off the fitness scheme和下文your former level of fitness相呼应。故选G项。
④上文指出恢复肌肉记忆的最好方法是从低于你习惯做的水平开始,然后逐渐增加持续时间、频率和强度这些要素,设空处应该承接上文,继续谈论如何恢复肌肉记忆。E项(通常情况下,每周或每两周将这些要素增加5%是安全的)符合语境,其中these elements代指上文duration, frequency and intensity。
⑤上文指出肌肉记忆和你之前的付出的关系,肌肉记忆是你过去学习运动的回报,设空处应该承接上文。F项(显然,你锻炼得越多,你的肌肉记忆就会储存得越多)切合语境,继续解释肌肉记忆与你之前的锻炼的关系。故选F项。
十二、答案：①-⑤ FDBGC
解析：①上文讲如今，网络记录着我们大部分的生活。我们建立电子邮件和网上购物账号；我们下载音乐、电影、游戏和电子书；我们在新浪微博和微信上发布和转发(帖子)。这些东西共同构成了我们的“数字遗产”。下文介绍了如何处理我们的数字遗产。F项“当我们（生命)的最后一天到来时，我们可以用我们的（数字)遗产做什么”承上启下，符合语境。故选F。
②上文讲事实上，数字遗产有两种类型。一种是我们用金钱购买的“资产”。D项“比如虚拟货币和游戏装备”承接上文，符合语境。故选D。
③上文讲虽然你可能创建了你（自己）的账户，但你并不是真正地拥有它们—(而是)互联网公司拥有它们。B项“你只是有使用它们的权利”承接上文，符合语境。故选B。
④下文讲毫无疑问，有价值的虚拟货币和卡片是可以被继承的。但像微信和新浪微博这样的社交媒体账号是否可以被继承还有待商榷，因为它们是非常私人化的。G项“此外，我们很难在数字遗产和隐私保护之间取得平衡”引出下文，符合语境。故选G。
⑤下文讲答案可能是肯定的。欧盟《一般数据保护条例》于2018年生效，它表示，人们有权删除个人数据，这也被称为“被遗忘的权利”。C项“是否有可能删除一切呢”引出下文，符合语境。故选C。
十三、答案：DABCF
解析：①根据本部分小标题和下文的than traditional soil-based gardens以及But the basis of hydroponics is rooted in growing the food in nutrient-enriched water.可知,本句是在解释说明水培花园到底是什么。故D项(水培花园使用水而不是土壤)符合语境。
②根据下文But the basis of hydroponics is rooted in growing the food in nutrient-enriched water.可知,水培法的基础是在营养丰富的水中种植作物。再根据其中的But和上文的traditional soil-based gardens可知,设空处与下一句构成转折关系,即植物一般生长在土壤中,从土壤中获取养分。故A项(一般来说,植物从土壤中获取养分)符合语境。故选A项。
③根据空后内容可知,可以用水培法种植的蔬菜有生菜等绿叶蔬菜,且更复杂的系统可以生产出果菜类蔬菜,如西红柿、黄瓜、辣椒等。由此可知,设空处主要说明用水培法可以种植哪些蔬菜,故B项(水培花园能提供什么农作物 )符合语境,且B项与本段小标题相呼应。故选B项。
④设空处为本段小标题,应起到统领全段的作用。根据本段中的hydroponic gardening can contribute to solving social and environmental issues以及Hydroponic plants can grow 40% to 50% faster and produce 30% more than the plants growing in soil.可知,本段主要介绍了水培花园的好处。故C项(水培花园的好处是什么 )符合语境,可以作为本段的小标题。故选C项。
⑤根据空前一句可知,水培作物生长速度更快。故F项(你可以在更短的时间内种植更多的农产品)承接上文,符合语境。
十四、答案：BDGEF
解析：①推理判断题。根据前句Some people say house dust is mostly human skin cells, but it's only a little bit true(有人说,房屋灰尘主要是人类皮肤细胞,但这只是一点点事实);以及后半句but there are many other components on top of your ceiling fans(但是吊扇上还有很多其他东西),可知表示"皮肤细胞是房屋灰尘的组成部分"的选项A可以起到承上启下的作用,house dust is mostly human skin cells是关键词,故选B。
②推理判断题。根据前文The proportions of the components vary from household to household. A house near a busy road, for example, is likely to harbor a high level of outdoor pollutants from car exhaust(这些成分的比例因家而异。例如,在繁忙道路附近的一所房子,很可能含有来自汽车尾气的高水平室外污染物),可知表示"新建的房子可能会因施工而产生大量灰尘"的选项D符合前后的语境,vary from household to household; A house near a busy road和A newly-built house是关键词,故选D。
③推理判断题。根据后半句and 40% came from dirt and other materials from outside(40%来自室外的灰尘和其他材料),可知表示"根据对房屋灰尘的研究,60%的灰尘成分来自室内"的选项G符合前后的语境,outside和indoors是关键词,故选G。
④推理判断题。根据前句People do drop lots of skin cells as they go about their business(人们在做生意时确实会掉很多皮肤细胞),以及后文Not all dead skin flakes(剥落) off onto your home's floors(并非所有死皮会掉到你家的地板上),可知表示"成年人平均每天损失约5亿个皮肤细胞"的选项E符合前后的语境,drop lots of skin cells和loses about 500 million skin cells each day是关键词,故选E。
⑤主题判断题。根据后文One study found that higher levels of cholesterol and squalene (oils found in dead skin) in dust were associated with lower levels of ozone(臭氧) indoors. Ozone is a pollutant that can cause lung discomfort. Ozone reacts with these oils, thus reducing indoor ozone by between 2% and 15%(一项研究发现,在死皮中发现的油含量较高与臭氧含量较低有关。臭氧是一种会引起肺部不适的污染物。臭氧与这些油发生反应,从而使室内臭氧减少2%至15%),可知表示"家里有一些死皮可能不是坏事"的选项F符合本段的主题,reducing indoor ozone by between 2% and 15%和not be a bad thing是关键词,故选F。
十五、答案：①-⑤DAGCF
解析：①联系上文题。根据空前Cloud storage is a flexible and convenient way to store data with complete peace of mind.(云存储是一种灵活、方便、完全放心的数据存储方式。)可知,介绍了云存储是一种存储方式。以及空后" This means you can store all your digital things remotely, without taking up space on your computer. There are two options available: public cloud storage allows you to share hosting space with other users; private cloud storage is the ideal choice for companies who want to have their data stored in their own environment.(这意味着你可以远程存储所有的数字物品,而不会占用电脑空间。有两种选择：公共云存储允许您与其他用户共享托管空间；私有云存储是希望将数据存储在自己环境中的公司的理想选择。)可知,This means 是指前面云储存的将数据存储在托管服务器上的方式。故D项"它使您能够将数据存储在托管服务器上。"符合语境。it指代前面的cloud storage,故选D。
②联系下文题。根据空后Once you have registered and set up your account, you simply save your files via the internet using your username and password.(一旦你注册并设置了你的账户,你只需使用你的用户名和密码通过互联网保存你的文件。)可知,这里解释了云存储操作简单。故A项"云存储使用起来非常简单。"符合语境。故选A。
③联系上文题。根据空前When you sign up to cloud storage, you can choose the amount of space you need.(当您注册云存储时,您可以选择所需的空间量。)可知,用户可以在云存储选择空间量的大小。故G项"你可以从少量开始,然后增加存储空间。"符合语境。故选G。
④联系上文题。根据空前Is it better than your computer or an external drive The answer is a definite puters crash all the time. This is the most common cause of lost work and memories.(它比你的电脑或外接硬盘好吗 答案是肯定的。电脑总是死机。这是丢失工作和记忆最常见的原因。)可知,云存储比电脑和外接硬盘好,先指出电脑缺点,后面要说外部硬盘的缺点。故C项"外部硬盘驱动器仍然可能损坏或失效。"符合语境。故选C。
⑤联系上文题。根据空前There are so many advantages to cloud computing, from the ability to access your data from wherever, whenever, to not needing expensive external storage devices.(云计算有很多优点,从随时随地访问数据的能力到不需要昂贵的外部存储设备。)可知,介绍了云存储很多优点,后面要转折说出它的缺点。故F项"然而,唯一的缺点是你需要互联网来访问文件。"符合语境。故选F。