牛津译林版八年级上册Unit 2School life知识点+语法总结(无答案)

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名称 牛津译林版八年级上册Unit 2School life知识点+语法总结(无答案)
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更新时间 2024-09-05 15:01:37

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Unit 2 School life
重要短语: 1.不得不做某事 2.像、看上去像 3.较少的广告 4.全世界的学校 5.理想中的学校 6英式英语 7.美式英语 为我堂弟买玩具卡车 9.周末计划 10.今年秋天 11.一个叫…的网上俱乐部 12.不同的学校生活 13.在八年级(两种) 14.一所混合学校 15.一起上课 16.我最喜爱的科目 17.在我所有的科目中 18.阅读周 19.从学校图书馆借进更多书 20.从家里将书和杂志带来 21.在每周/每节课快要结束时 22.和某人讨论某事 23.似乎做某事 24.去好友俱乐部 25.年长的学生 26.帮某人做 27.更多的了解学校 28认真听我的问题、老师讲 给某人提供帮助 30.许多英雄 31.上不同的课 32.比往常结束得早 33.一起进行运动 34.一周一/两次 35.认真练习打棒球 36.赢了两场比赛 37.与…不同/相同 38. 一篇美国男孩写的文章 39. 别的什么 40. 比…多(用法) Comic Strip--Reading Why don’t you do sth. = Why not do sth. 用来提建议。 Let’s do sth, ________ we Shall we do sth Would you like to do sth 例题 (1) Why not _______________(clean) the window now (2) ( ) Why ____________ come and play basketball with us A. not you B. don’t C. not to D. not (3) 你为何不出去散散步呢? Why________________________________________ =Why ___________________________________ They have to work harder. (1)have to 不得不 【 】观原因造成 have to +__________ * have/has/had to do sth. (时态变化) * don’t/ doesn’t /didn’t have to(否定形式) 主观原因造成的“不得不”用____________ ,【 】有人称和数量的变化。 (2)hard adj. 困难的=_____________ 反义词_________ adj. 硬的 反义词_________ adv. 努力地 例题 Fiona is a ___________________ superstar, but Lilian works even ___________ than her. ... but there are fewer advertisements. advertisement注意拼写和发音,为可数名词,不准写简写!!! 一则广告___________________________ 一则关于...的广告______________________________________ few/little 几乎没有, 表示否定含义;a few/ a little 一些,表示肯定。 Different words for the same thing. different adj. 不同的 n. ___________ be different from … 与…不同 反义词组 与…相同____________________________ 国家 British: adj. 表示英国的/英国人,后面可以接名词,而______________表示英国。 American: adj. 表示美国的/美国人的,后面可以接名词,而___________表示美国。 French: adj. 表示法国的/法国人,后面可以接名词,而______________表示法国。 Australian: adj. 表示澳大利亚的/澳大利亚人,后面可接名词,而_____________表示澳大利亚。 几种物品的英美不同表达: 饼干秋天卡车电影足球花园橡皮商店假期British EnglishAmerican English
7 buy a toy lorry for my cousin in the shop near our school 1) buy 三单________ 过去式______________ 为某人买某物_______________________ 2) a toy lorry 一个玩具货车 两个玩具货车_______________________ but the school football team will practise this Saturday practise v. 练习 n. _______________ 词组:练习某事_______________ 练习做某事_______________ 努力练习_______________ 2) this Saturday 这周六 上/下周六______________________________ _______ _______ ________前不加介词 I am in Year 8 at Woodland School. 在几年级:be in Grade 基数词(英文大写)= be in Year 基数词(英文大写)= be in the 序数词(小写) grade 例如: 在九年级_________________________=_________________________=_________________________ 10 It is a mixed school. mixed: adj.混合的 v. ____________________ 把…混合到一起_______________ 混合在一起,弄乱_________________ 把A和B混合____________________ 11 Learning foreign languages is fun. 动名词做主语,谓语动词用【 】数 1) fun n.乐趣;娱乐活动;嬉戏,嬉闹;有趣的事 adj.使人愉快的;开心的 funny adj. 滑稽的,可笑的 What (great/good) fun! Have fun. It is fun. (都不要冠词) 例句 ①We _____________________ at the party.我们在派对上玩得很开心。 ②This is a _________________ game. 这是个有趣的游戏。 2) learn v. 学习=___________ 学习做某事______________________ n. 学习的人 ___________ 12 During the week, we can borrow more books from the school library. during 在....期间 during+一段时间 在暑假期间___________________________________ borrow vt. 借入 过去式_________________ borrow one’s sth = borrow sth. ________ sb. 从某人那借(入)某物 (from:从…) lend vt. 借出 过去式_________________ lend sth. _____ sb. 把某物借(出)给某人 (to: 给…) 翻译:---Simon刚刚从我这借了100美元。---___________________________________________ ---所以你就又把钱借给他了 ---__________________________________________ 我借了他的自行车。 ____________________________________________________________ 13 We can also bring in books and magazines from home. bring指的是__________________________ 你可以给我带杯咖啡吗?_____________________________________ take 指的是__________________________ 把这些花带给你朋友。_______________________________________ carry指的是__________________________ 请过来帮我搬箱子。_________________________________________ 14 Near the end of the week, we discuss the books with our classmates. 1)end (1) n. 末端,终点,尽头 ending: n. 结尾,结局 一个令人惊讶的结局__________________ 在...结束时/在...尽头 ____________________________ 最后_____________________________ 在...接近结束时___________________________ 直到最后___________________________ (2) end v. 结束 翻译:He came back to Shanghai _____________________________________ (在年末时). You will find our school _______________________________________ (在马路尽头). He ________________________________________________________ (最后同意了我的意见). I will look after him ___________________________________________ (直到最后). The meeting _____________ an hour ago. 2) discuss v. 与某人讨论某事_________________________ discuss与talk的区别:discuss本意为“讨论”,talk本意为“说”。 talk为不及物动词,后面接名词时必须同时接介词,如talk about/of sth., talk with sb.等。 ____________________ n. 讨论 与某人进行一场关于某事的讨论___________________________________ 15 Time seems to go faster when we are reading interesting books. seem v. 似乎 1).seem to do 2).seem (to be) adj. 3).It seems/seemed that+从句. It seems that time goes faster. = Time _______________________________________. She seems (to be) unhappy. = _______________________________________________________. 16 He often listens carefully to my problems and offers me help. offer:v. (主动)提供某物给某人___________________________;主动做某事________________________ n. ① 提议 做出个提议_____________________________ ② 录取通知书 他接到一个录取通知书。_________________________________ help v. 帮助 帮助某人某事_____________________=______________________________ 禁不住做某事_____________________ n. 帮助 在某人的帮助之下______________________________ 没有帮助_____________________ 17 On Friday afternoon, our school ends earlier than usual. usual adj 通常的 adv. ____________ 像往常一样_____________________ 18 I read an article by a boy from the USA. 由来自美国的男孩写的文章。 an article by a boy 此处的by用作介词,由.....创作 19 What else do you know about John else adj. 其它的 what else = what other things ___________/ ________________ + else Integrated skills --Task the number of +限定词+名词复数 v.用三单 ……的数量是…… __ number of +名词复数 v.原 许多、大量…… 例句: There are more than 200 students in our school. (同义句) _______ _______ ________ the students in our school _______ _______ 200. _________________________________________ = How many …? ……的数量是…… 例句:你们班的有多少学生?____________________________________________________________ Chinese students have more weeks off for the summer holiday than British students. (1)have … off 有多长时间的假期 have … off (for…) (某个假期)休了多长时间的假 有8天时间的假 have eight days off = have ___ eight-day holiday 例句: 我们今年将有11天假期。 We will have _______________________ this year.=We will have __________________________ holiday this year. (2)off adv. 离开,在远方;分离,中断; 不工作 prep. 从…离开,脱离 下…(车,马)_________________ 关掉_____________________ 从…掉下来_____________________ 脱(衣,帽,鞋等); 起飞 _____________________ 例句 :① It’s said he was ___________(离开) for three days last year. ②--Will you be ____ tomorrow --No, it’s my turn to be on duty. A. away B. off C. busy D. free 3. Among the three of us, American students spend the least time on homework, and…… (1)among the three of us 在我们三个当中 (2)spend----______________ (过去式) ____ spend some time on sth./(in) _______ sth. (人)花费时间做某事 例:我花了两小时做作业。 I __________ two hours __________ homework.= I __________ two hours __________ homework. 花费时间,spend和take都可以使用:________________________________________________________________ 4.每门学科进行一次月考 have a _______________ (month) test ____ each subject 5.快速浏览问题 look through the questions 例句:考试前她快速浏览了一下笔记。_________________________________________________________________ Usually I watch English videos at weekends. (1)在周末______________=__________________=__________________=________________________ (2)比较:see,look,watch,read 动词用法see“看见”,强调结果look强调“看”的动作,不及物动词,后需接介词at才能加宾语watch指看(比赛、电视),看“动的东西”read指看书看报,阅读:看“字”
用see、look、watch和read填空。 I can ________ something beautiful over there. You should ________ at the blackboard and listen to your teacher carefully in class. Don't ________ books in the sun. My father ________ footballs matches whenever there is a match on TV. I also keep writing in English about my daily life. 一直做某事 keep (on) ____________________ sth. keep---__________ (过去式) 一直用英语写 keep __________ (write) _________ English 相关词组:使某人一直做某事,让某人保持做某事_________________________________ 妨碍、阻止某人做某事_________________________________ 例:The man in black kept _____________(stand) there for half an hour without moving. It’s not difficult ________________(keep)_____________(read) English every morning. Lucy ____________(keep) on ____________(ask) the teacher strange questions yesterday. 8. 理想的 adj. ideal _________ n. 主意,想法 我理想的学校 my ______________ (idea) school Do you have any ____________________ (idea) 9. When do you finish school 几点放学/ 何时放学? 放学 finish school finish 结束 结束(做)某事____________________ at 与during 区别: at + 某个时间____,during + _____________,表示在某段时间期间内 例: 在午餐时间___________________ 在午餐期间___________________ We do not need to get up early and ... 词组:do not need to do sth == don’t need to 没必要做某事(don’t have to/ needn’t do没必要做某事) need * 行为动词 需要做某事___________________; 不需要做某事_____________________ * 情态动词 需要做某事____________________; 不需要做某事___________________(无时态变化) * You need to do it now. → You don’t need to do it now.(有人称时态变化) * 情态动词 need用于回答must问句 —Must I do it now —Yes, you must. / No, you _____________. / No, you don’t have to. 例句 你不必今天就完成这项工作。 You ________ ________/________ ______ ________the work today.= You ________ ________ the work today. have time for something 有时间做某事 例句 有足够多的时间进行课外活动_______________________________________________________ 非常小 quite small 副词quite修饰形容词small quite a small school 真得很有趣 _______________ (real) interesting I love computers, so I ____________________(上电脑课) every day. so 表示“因此”,不能与because连用。 同样用法: although(though)与but。 例句: 因为今天我起床晚了,所以迟到。________________________________________________________ 每月____________________ 一周两次____________________ 对上述短语的提问 用 ______________ 回答频率 never, once, twice, three times a day…… 进行一次学校旅行____________________ have fun (doing sth.)= have a good time (doing sth.)=enjoy oneself (doing sth.)玩得开心, 愉快地做某事 此短语中fun只能用 great/much 修饰 have great/much fun 17. any 任何一个 any other 任何其他一个 I think China is larger than ___________ country in Africa(非洲) and more beautiful than ______________ country in Asia(亚洲). Grammar 1、形容词比较级和最高级的构成方法 ①原级,即原形:②比较级,表示“较……”或“更……一些”的意思;③最高级,表示“最……”的意思。 ◆形容词比较级和最高级的构成方法: 情况构成方式原级比较级最高级一般情况加-er或-estnew longnewer longernewest longest以e 结尾的词加-r或-stfine latefiner laterfinest latest以“辅音+y” 结尾的词变y为i再加-er或-estearly happyearlier happierearliest happiest重读闭音节的词末尾 只有一个辅音字母先双写辅音字母, 再加-er或-esthot thin fathotter thinner fatterhottest thinnest fattest多音节词和部分双音节词在其前面加 more或 most useful more useful most useful
◆口诀:在一个炎热的夏天,有一个大胖子想要减肥变瘦变苗条,但是他失败了,所以他很伤心。 原 级比 较 级最 高 级good(好的)adj. well(健康的)adj.betterbestbad(坏的) ill(有病的)worseworstold(老的)older/ elderoldest / eldestmuch/many(多的)moremostlittle(少的)lessleastfar(远的)farther/ furtherfarthest / furthest
[典型例题]写出以下各形容词的比较级和最高级: nice _________ _________ 2. fat _________ _________ 3. slow _________ _________ dry _________ _________ 5. happy _________ _________ 6. wet _________ _________ 7. much _________ _________ 8. ill _________ _________ 9. little _________ _________ 10. bad _________ _________ 11. thin _________ _________ 12. far _________ _________ 13. early _________ _________ 14. careful________ _________ 15. exciting _______ _________ 16.well ______ ________ 17. few _________ _________ 18. busy _________ _________ 2、形容词副词比较级的用法 (1)形容词比较级用于两个人或事物的比较。表示在两者中间一方比另一方“更加…”。 连词than后可接句子,也可接名词、代词、名词短语、介词短语、动词、动词不定式、ing结构和ed结构。 Eg. Our teacher is taller than us. 我们老师的个子比我们的高。 ◆than前后两项相比较的人或事物要一致。 Eg. It is warmer today than it was yesterday. 今天的天气比昨天暖和。 The clothes in this shop are more expensive than those in that shop. 这家店里的衣服比那家店(里的衣服)贵。 Judy’s hair is longer than Lily’s. 朱迪的头发比莉莉(的)长。 (2)形容词前如加 less 和 least 则表示"较不"和"最不" 。 如:important 重要 less important 较不重要 least important 最不重要 Eg. This room is less beautiful than that one. (3)一方随另一方的程度而变化时用the+比较级…the+比较级…。表示“越... 就越...”。 Eg. The more you study, the more you know. 你学的越多, 就知道的越多。   The more, the better. 越多越好。 The harder he works, the happier he feels. 工作越努力,感觉越充实。 (4)本身程度发生改变时用"形容词比较级 + and + 同一个形容词比较级"。表示 " 越来越... "。 Eg. It's getting hotter and hotter. 天气越来越热了。 The girl becomes more and more beautiful.那姑娘长得越来越漂亮了。 (5)比较级前可用a little, a bit, a lot, far, much, even等词语表示超过另一方的程度。 Eg. This book is far more expensive than that one. (6)表示一方比另一方更…多少时,可以在比较级前加名词。 Eg. My brother is two years older than me. (7)当两者比较,只出现一方,且句中含有of the two时,比较级前要加the,表示特指两者当中较...的一个。 Eg. He is the taller of the two boys.他是两个男孩中较高的一个。 The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.黄河是中国第二长河。 表示倍数:…times+形容词比较级+than… [典型例题] 1)我们的房间比他们的大二倍。Our room is theirs. 2)长江比你们城市的河长十倍。The Yangtze River is the river in your city. (9)“比较级+ than _____ other +【 】数名词”表示“比其他的任何……都……” (同范围) = “比较级+ than the other +【 】数名词”表示“比其他的任何……都……” (同范围) “比较级+ than any +【 】数名词”表示“比其他的任何……都……” (不同范围)   (这个句型是用比较级形式表达最高级的意思。) Eg. He is better than any other student in the class. = He is better than the other students in the class.(他在班里,比任何一个别的学生都好。) (10)最高级的用法 ◆one of the +________,表示“是最……之一者”, 后面要加上名词的复数,即为”one of the +最高级+【 】数名词” Eg. Shanghai is _____________________________________________ in China.(上海是中国最美丽的城市之—。) ◆most+复数名词、most of the+复数名词、most of+代词,表示“大多数,大部分的……” Eg. Most of his books were written here. (他的大部分书是在这儿写的。) ◆序数词加形容词最高级:序数词加形容词最高级表“第几最…” Eg. The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. (黄河是中国第二长河。) (11)原级和比较级的相互转化 Eg.1) I'm not as tall as he is.= I'm shorter than he is. 2) Nanjing is not as big as Shanghai.= Nanjing is smaller than Shanghai. = Shanghai is bigger than Nanjing. 3) Diving isn't as interesting as swimming. = Diving is less interesting than swimming. = Swimming is more interesting than diving.