Until8被动语态 学历案 2023-2024学年广饶县乐安中学初中八年级英语下册鲁教版（五四学制）（无答案）

年级 学科 课时学历案 第___节/课第___课时
课题 Until8被动语态 设计者
课标要求 明确学习语法的目的是在语境中运用语法知识理解和表达意义;了解句子的结构特征,如句子的种类、成分、语序及主谓一致。
学习目标 被动语态的结构及用法
评价任务 完成4a，4b，4c
资源与建议 了解语态的概念，掌握被动语态的结构。
学习过程
【学习过程】一、语态的概念 语态表示主语和谓语动词之间的关系, 指出谓语动词的动作是由主语发出的还是主语是谓语动词的承受者。英语中有两种语态: 主动语态和被动语态。 1. 主动语态: 表示谓语动词的动作是由主语发出的。这时主语是动作的 。例如: I this work. 我完成了这项工作。(“have finished”这个动作是由“I”发出的, 因此“I”就是动作的执行者。)2. 被动语态: 表示句子的主语是谓语动词的动作的 , 或者主语是动作的对象。因此, 只有及物动词才有被动语态。例如: He by his father. 他受到他父亲的惩罚。(句中的“He”就是谓语动词“punished”的承受者。) 在被动语态的句子中, 如果想强调动作的执行者时, 用介词by加动作的执行者来表示。例如: The glass on the desk was broken me. 桌子上的玻璃杯是我打碎的。二、被动语态的构成 1. 一般现在时被动语态的构成: 2. 一般现在时被动语态在各种句式中的运用: 句式构　成例　句肯定句主语+助动词be(am/is/are)+及物动词的过去分词(+by短语)+其他. The milk in the fridge. 否定句主语+助动词be(am/is/are)+not+及物动词的过去分词(+by短语)+其他. The milk in the fridge. 一般疑问句助动词Be(Am/Is/Are)+主语+及物动词的过去分词(+by短语)+其他 the milk in the fridge 肯定 回答Yes, 主语+助动词be(am/is/are). Yes, it is. 否定 回答No, 主语+助动词be(am/is/are)+not. No, it isn’t. 特殊疑问句疑问词(不作主语)+助动词be(am/is/are)+主语+及物动词的过去分词(+by短语)+其他 Where is the milk kept 三、主动语态变为被动语态的方法 先确定主动句的主、谓、宾, 再将主动句的宾语变成被动句的 , 主动句的主语变成被动句中介词by的 (没必要说出动作的执行者时可略去“by+宾语”); 主动句的谓语动词要变成“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”, 但时态不能改变; 变化时还得注意“数”(助动词要与新的主语保持“数”的一致)和“格”(若主语和宾语是人称代词, “宾作主”时宾格要变成主格, “主作宾”时主格要变成宾格); 时间状语、地点状语等其余部分可重现于被动句中。例如: 【现学现练】(1) Chinese is _______ (learn)as the native language in Chinese schools. (2)These plants _________(take)good care of by my mother. (3)Usually, the housework in my family _________(not do)in the afternoon. (4) ____ the small trees _______ (water)every morning (5) The new clothes ________(give)to the poor children now. (6) __ the park ______ (visit)by many people every day (7) How many languages ________(use)in Canada (8) The workers ________(make)to work for twenty-six days every month. (9) Basketball and football _________(play)by the students after school. (10) Running ___________(not allow)in the hallway of the school. 知识巩固Ⅰ. 用所给词的适当形式填空1. Although they are from _______ (German), they speak English well. 2. We can’t avoid _______ (speak)of these homeless children. They need our help. 3. Many people like cars _______ (make)in Beijing. Their quality is really excellent. 4. Farmers in Shouguang are good at _______ (grow)vegetables. 5. The writer is collecting _______ (material)for her latest novel. Ⅱ. 将下列句子改为被动语态1. Travelers visit the Great Wall every year. ________________________________________________________________2. We learn Chinese at school. ________________________________________________________________3. Do people use knives to cut things ________________________________________________________________4. The students don’t clean the classroom in the morning. ________________________________________________________________
学后反思