Unit 3 Could you please tell me where the restroo宾语从句讲解及考点人教版九年级全册

Unit 3 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are？
Ⅰ. Grammar Focus
宾语从句
一、宾语从句的概念：在复合句中，由一个句子充当宾语，这个句子叫做宾语从句。
二、宾语从句三要素：语序、时态、连接词/引导词
三、宾语从句结构：主语+谓语动词+引导词+宾从
①主语+谓语动词+that（可省略）+宾从(肯定句、否定句)
②主语+谓语动词+whether/if+宾从(一般疑问句，陈述语序)
四、宾语从句的时态取决于主句的时态
①主现从任意；
②主过从过。
③当宾语从句是客观真理或不可改变的自然现象时，宾语从句须用一般现在时，不受主句时态的限制。
五、if或whether引导宾语从句时，作“是否”讲，一般情况下，两者常可换用。
只能用whether 在动词不定式之前只能用whether I can’t decide whether to stay.
在 whether …or not或whether or not 结构中 I want to know whether it’s good news or not.
在介词后,只能whether。 I worry about whether I hurt her feelings.
宾语从句：
that引导的宾语从句（that可以省略）：
考点①:当主句是一般现在时，从句该用什么时态就用什么时态；(主现从任意）
当主句是过去时态，从句要变成相应的过去时态。（主过从过）
I believe (that) our team will win the basketball match.
I believed (that) our team would win the basketball match. (will需要变成过去式would）
Wang Hong says (that) she is cooking in the kitchen.
Wang Hong said (that) she was cooking in the kitchen at 6:00 yesterday morning.
②当从句表示客观事实或者客观真理时，时态不受主句限制，用一般现在时。The teacher tells us (that) light travels much faster than sound.
The teacher told us (that) light travels much faster than sound.
The teacher told (that) the sun rises east and sets west.
if/whether(是否）引导的宾语从句：
考点①语序：从句用陈述句语序。②时态：（同上）
＂Did you buy Jim the cool T-shirt " Linda asks me. (改为含有宾语从句的复合句）
Linda asks me _if/whether I_bought_Jim the cool T-shirt.
She will come to the party. Jack doesn't know. (合并为一句）
Jack doesn't know whether she_will＿come to the party or not.
特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句：
考点：①语序：当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，应用陈述句语序。②时态：（同上）③省略。。
Where is the supermarket Could you tell me (合并为一句）
Could you tell me where the supermarket is？
David and his cousin talked about who /whom their best friend were（谁是他们最好的朋友）
David told her what his dream was（他的梦想是什么）
He didn't know how he could get money to play music。（他怎样才能得到钱来演奏音乐）
He felt _ (that) his dream couldn't come true（他的梦想不能实现）
He wondered what Amy was like（Amy是什么样的人）
Many people asked Amy why she did so many things for David.（为什么她为David做了那么多的事情）
考点③省略：如果从句是特殊疑问词引导的，当从句的主语和主句的主语或间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为：“特殊疑问词＋不定式＋其他”形式。
Can you tell me how I can get to the train station = Can you tell me how to get to the train station
I want to know where I can buy something for lunch . = I want to know where to buy something for lunch.
Tom wondered how he could solve the math problem. =Tom wondered how to solve the math problem.