高中英语人教版 （2019）选择性必修第三册 全书课件（26份打包）

(共72张PPT)
Section Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking
Part 1 课前预习设计
Part 2 课堂提升素养
Part 1 课前预习设计
自读课文　疏通文脉大意
Task 1 文本整体理解：理清文章架构
1.What does the text mainly tell us
A．How religious paintings developed.
B．How oil paintings developed.
C．How Impressionist paintings developed.
D．How Western art developed.
D
2．Match the painting style with each stage.
Para.1 The Middle Ages ________
Para.2 The Renaissance ________
Para.3 Impressionism ________
Para.4 Modern Art ________
A．Subjective. B．Abstract and realistic.
C．More humanistic. D．Religious faith.
D
C
A
B
Task 2 文本细节理解：探寻语篇细节理解
Read the text on Pages 2～3 carefully and then choose the best answer.
1．When did painters concentrate less on religion
A．From the 5th to 15th century.
B．From the 14th to 17th century.
C．From the late 19th to early 20th century.
D．From the 20th century to today.
B
2．Who painted with Cubism
A．Painters in the Middle Ages.
B．Painters in the Renaissance.
C．The Impressionists.
D．Painters of Modern Art.
D
3．What is the relationship between the Impressionists and Modern Art
A．The Impressionists teach the modern artists how to draw things in perspective.
B．By learning modernart, the Impressionists begin to paint in new ways.
C.With the modern artists' help, the Impressionists know how to paint outdoors.
D．Without the Impressionists, maybe we would not see many kinds of modern art styles.
D
4．Which of the following are the styles of paintings about Modern Art
A．Abstract and realistic.
B．Abstract and natural.
C．Religious and natural.
D．Natural and realistic.

A
Task 3 文本理解：续写佳句
Read the passage carefully and find the sentences using “look like” and “unlike”．(细读短文并找出使用“look like”和“unlike”的句子)
(1)_______________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
(2)_______________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
(3)_______________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
With their deep colours and realism, some of the best oil paintings look like photographs.
After that, paintings were no longer needed to preserve what people and the world looked like.
Unlike the cold, black and white photographs of that time period, Renoir's paintings are full of light, shadow, colour, and life.
Task 4 阅读思维升华：主题实践
1.What's your opinion about the works of the Impressionists (Critical Thinking批判性思维)
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
2．What is abstract art in your opinion (Critical Thinking批判性思维)
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
3．Without art in our daily life, what would our life be like (Creative Thinking创造性思维)
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
They focus on the moment of nature, making the moment permanent, but they are too abstract for most of the ordinary people to understand.
Abstract art is difficult to understand. To be exact, sometimes abstract art works are empty in content, but at other times, they are full of beauty or emotion in something unrecognizable.
Art plays an important part in our life and it makes people enjoy a richer and more colorful life. Without art, our life would be boring, but without life, art would be dead and empty.
精读课文　疏通理解障碍
[读文清障]
①precise [pr 'sa s] adj.准确的；精确的
precisely [pr 'sa sli] adv.准确地；精确地；的确如此
②give a precise definition
给出准确的定义
③style n．风格；形式
④The Middle Ages中世纪
⑤Christianity [ kr sti' n ti] n．基督教
⑥realistic [ ri 'l st k]
adj.现实的；逼真的
realism ['ri l z m] n．逼真；现实主义；务实作风
realist ['ri l st] n．现实主义画家(或作家等)；现实主义者
⑦primitive ['pr m t v] adj.发展水平低的；原始的；远古的　n．文艺复兴前的艺术家(或作品)
⑧two-dimensional
[ tu da 'men nl] adj.二维的
dimension [da 'men n]
n．维；规模；范围
⑨character n．人物
⑩Giotto di Bondone
['d t d b n'd ne] 乔托·迪·邦多纳(意大利画家、雕刻家、建筑师)
theme n．主题
in particular尤其；特别
set apart from使与众不同；使突出；使优于……
impact n．影响
the Renaissance
[r 'ne sns；NAmE 'ren sɑ ns] 文艺复兴(时期)
as a result结果
concentrate on集中注意力于……
adopt vt.采用
humanistic [ hju m 'n st k] adj.人文主义的
humanity [hju 'm n ti] n．人性；人道；(统称)人类
an attitude to/towards
对……的态度
(21)breakthrough ['bre kθru ] n．重大进展；突破
(22)perspective n．透视法
(23)Masaccio [m 'sɑ t ] 马萨乔(意大利现实主义画家)
(24)influential [ nflu'en l] adj.有很大影响力的；有支配力的
(25)Leonardo da Vinci
[ li 'nɑ d d 'v nt ] 莱昂纳多·达·芬奇(意大利艺术家、学者、发明家)
(26)Michelangelo
[ ma k l' nd l ] 米开朗琪罗(意大利雕塑家、画家、建筑师、诗人)
(27)Raphael ['r fe l] 拉斐尔(意大利画家)
(28)innovation n．创新
(29)Rembrandt ['rembr nt] 伦勃朗(荷兰画家)
(30)reputation [ repju'te n] n．名誉；名声
gain/earn/win a reputation赢得声誉
(31)emphasis n．重点
(32)shift from...to...从……转移到……
(33)noble ['n bl] n．贵族成员；出身高贵的人　adj.崇高的；宏伟的；高贵的
(34)rank [r k] n．地位；级别；行列　vt.& vi.把……分等级；使排成行
(35)purchase ['p t s] vt.购买；采购　n．购买；购买的东西
(36)mythology [m 'θ l d i] n．神话；虚幻的想法
(37)client ['kla nt] n．委托人；当事人；客户
(38)Impressionism
[ m'pre n z m] n．印象主义；印象派(绘画风格)
(39)photography [f 't ɡr fi] n．照相术；摄影
(40)preserve vt.保留
(41)hence adv.因此
(42)emerge [ 'm d ] vi.& vt.出现；浮现；暴露
(43)Claude Monet ['kl d 'm ne ]克劳德·莫奈(法国印象派画家)
(44)sunrise ['s nra z] n．日出
Impression，Sunrise
《日出·印象》(莫奈代表作)
(45)convey [k n've ] vt.表达；传递(思想、感情等)；传送
(46)subjective [s b'd ekt v] adj.主观的
objective adj.客观的
(47)detailed adj.详尽的
(48)Renoir ['renwɑ ] 雷诺阿(法国印象派画家)
(49)focus on集中于……
(50)seek v．寻找(sought, sought)
seek advice from向……请教
(51)outer ['a t (r)] adj.外表的；外边的；外围的
(52)as well也
(53)subsequent ['s bs kw nt] adj.随后的；后来的；之后的
(54)Picasso [p 'k s u] 毕加索(西班牙画家、雕塑家)
(55)analyse vt.分析
(56)Cubism ['kju b z m] n．立体主义；立体派
(57)abstract adj.抽象的
[原文呈现]
A SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTING
What is Western art It is hard to give a precise① definition②. As there have been so many different styles③ of Western art [1], it is impossible to describe them all in a short text. Perhaps the best way to understand Western art is to look at the development of Western painting over the centuries [2].
[1]此处是as引导的原因状语从句。
[2]此处动词不定式短语to understand Western art在句中作定语，修饰the best way；动词不定式短语“to look at...over the centuries”在句中作表语。
The Middle Ages④ (from the 5th to the 15th century)
During the Middle Ages, the purpose of Western art was to teach people about Christianity⑤ [3]. Thus, artists were not interested in painting realistic⑥ scenes. Their works were often primitive⑦ and two-dimensional⑧， and the main characters⑨ were often made much larger than everyone else to show their importance [4]. This began to change in the 13th century with Giotto di Bondone⑩ (1267－1337). While his paintings still had religious themes [5], they showed real people in a real environment. In particular ， his paintings are set apart from other paintings by their realistic human faces and deep emotional impact .
[3]此处是动词不定式短语作表语。
[4]此处是动词不定式短语作目的状语。
[5]此处是while引导的让步状语从句， while意为“虽然，尽管”。
The Renaissance (from the 14th to the 17th century)
New ideas and values gradually replaced old ones from the Middle Ages [6]. As a result ， painters concentrated less on religious themes. They began to adopt a more humanistic attitude to life. An important breakthrough21 during this period was the use of perspective22 by Masaccio23 (1401－1428). Influential24 painters such as Leonardo da Vinci25 (1452－1519), Michelangelo26 (1475－1564), and Raphael27 (1483－1520) built upon Giotto and Masaccio's innovations28 to produce some of the greatest art that Europe had ever seen.
[6]此处ones指代上文出现的ideas and values。
Another innovation was the use of oil paints. With their deep colours and realism [7], some of the best oil paintings look like photographs. While painters as early as Da Vinci had used oil, this technique reached its height with Rembrandt29 (1606－1669), who gained a reputation30 as a master of shadow and light.
[7]此处是介词短语作原因状语。
In subject matter, the emphasis31 increasingly shifted from religious themes to32 people and the world around us. Kings, nobles33, and people of high rank34 wanted to purchase35 accurate pictures of themselves and the people they loved [8]. Others wanted paintings showing important historical events or stories from mythology36[9]. Finally, most clients37 wanted paintings that were beautiful and interesting to look at [10].
[8]此处是省略了关系代词的定语从句，修饰先行词the people。
[9]此处是现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰名词paintings。
[10]此处是that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词paintings。
Impressionism38 (late 19th to early 20th century)
The development of Western art slowed until the invention of photography39 in the mid-19th century. After that, paintings were no longer needed to preserve40 what people and the world looked like [11]. Hence41, painters had to find a new way of looking at their art. From this, Impressionism emerged42 in France. The name of this new movement came from the painting by Claude Monet43 (1840－1926) called Impression，Sunrise44[12]. In this work, Monet's aim was to convey45 the light and movement in the scene—the subjective46 impression the scene gave him—but not a detailed47 record of the scene itself.
[11]此处是what引导的宾语从句，作动词preserve的宾语。
[12]此处是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰名词the painting。
While many Impressionists painted scenes of nature or daily life, others, such as Renoir48 (1841－1919), focused on49 people. Unlike the cold, black-and-white photographs of that time period, Renoir's paintings are full of light, shadow, colour, and life. He sought50 to show not just the outer51 image of his subjects, but their inner warmth and humanity as well52.[13]
[13]本句中“not just...but...as well”意为“不但……而且……”，连接两个并列的名词短语，作动词show的宾语。
Modern Art (from the 20th century to today)
After Impressionism, subsequent53 artists began to ask, “What do we do next？” Painters such as Picasso54 (1881－1973) tried to analyse55 the shapes which existed in the natural world [14] but in a new way, with Cubism56. Others gave their paintings a realistic but dream-like quality. Still others turned to abstract57 art. What they attempted to do was no longer show reality, but instead to ask the question, “What is art？”
[14]此处是which引导的定语从句，修饰先行词the shapes。
[课文翻译]
西方绘画简史
什么是西方艺术？这很难给出一个准确的定义。由于西方艺术的风格千差万别，所以不可能用一篇简短的文章把它们都描述出来。也许了解西方艺术最好的方法就是研究西方绘画在几个世纪里的发展。
中世纪(从5世纪至15世纪)
在中世纪，西方艺术的目的是教给人们基督教的相关知识。因此，艺术家对画写实的场景并不感兴趣。他们的作品通常较为原始且二维化，主体人物往往被塑造得比其他任何人都大得多，以显示他们的重要性。13世纪，随着乔托·迪·邦多纳(1267－1337)的出现，这种情况开始发生变化。虽然他的画作仍然有宗教主题，但这些作品展示了真实环境中的真实人物。特别是他的绘画作品以其逼真的人物面貌和深刻的情感冲击从其他绘画作品中脱颖而出。
文艺复兴时期(从14世纪至17世纪)
新的观念和价值观逐渐取代了中世纪旧的观念和价值观。因此，画家对宗教题材的关注减少。他们开始对生活抱有人文主义更浓厚的态度。这一时期的一个重要突破是马萨乔(1401－1428)对透视法的使用。一些颇具影响力的画家，例如莱昂纳多·达·芬奇(1452－1519)、米开朗琪罗(1475－1564)和拉斐尔(1483－1520)，在乔托和马萨乔的创新基础上继续发展，创作出一些欧洲前所未见的最伟大的艺术作品。
另一个创新是油画颜料的使用。一些最好的油画因其色彩深沉和写实，看起来像照片一样。尽管早在达·芬奇时代一些画家就使用油彩绘画，但伦勃朗(1606－1669)使得这种技艺达到顶峰，他也获得了“光影大师”的雅称。
在主题上，越来越多的画作重点从宗教主题转移到了我们周围的人和世界。国王、贵族和身份显赫的人都想购买精准展现自己和所爱之人的绘画。其他人则想要展现重要历史事件或神话故事的画作。最终，大多数购买者想要看起来既漂亮又有趣的画作。
印象派(19世纪末至20世纪初)
19世纪中叶摄影技术发明之前，西方艺术发展缓慢。之后，人们不再需要绘画来保存人类和世界的面貌。因此，画家们不得不找到一种新的方式来看待他们的艺术。印象派由此在法国兴起。这一新兴运动的名字来自克劳德·莫奈(1840－1926)名为《日出·印象》的画作。在这幅作品中，莫奈想表达的是景色的光线和移动，也就是景色给他的主观印象，而不是对景色的详细记录。
当许多印象派画家描绘自然或日常生活的场景时，其他人，如雷诺阿(1841－1919)，则专注于人。不像那个时期的冷色的黑白照片，雷诺阿的绘画充满了光、影、色彩和生命。他追求展现的不仅是人的外在形象，还有他们内在的温暖和人性。
现代艺术(从20世纪至今)
印象派之后，后来的艺术家开始追问：“我们下一步要做什么？”毕加索(1881－1973)等画家试图用立体主义的新方法分析自然界中存在的各种形状。其他人则赋予他们的画现实又梦幻的特征。还有一些人转向抽象艺术。他们试图做的不再是展示现实，而是提出问题：“什么是艺术？”。
自查语基　落实基本知能　
Ⅰ.核心词汇
根据语境写出正确的单词
1．________ works 远古的作品
2．make a great ________ 取得重大突破
3．gain a good________ 赢得良好声誉
4．a ________ man 一位高尚的人
5．people of high ________ 身份显赫的人
6．________ contract 购买合同
7．on behalf of a ________ 代表当事人
8．from ________ to sunset 从日出到日落
primitive
breakthrough　
reputation　
noble　
rank　
purchase　
client　
sunrise　
9．________ one's gratitude to sb. 向某人表达谢意
10．________ impression 主观印象
11．________ effects 视觉效果
12．modern ________ 现代雕塑
13．a fish ________ 一个鱼塘
14．the ________ bridge 拱桥
15．the ________ at the wedding 婚礼上的新娘
16．build a ________ peaceful world 建立一个永久的和平世界
17．a ________ to the heroes 一座英雄纪念碑
18．a ________ person 一个谦虚的人
convey　
subjective　
visual　
sculptures　
pond　
arched　
bride　
permanent　
memorial　
humble
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
根据提示写出相应的单词
1．________ [pr 'sa s] adj.准确的；精确的→precisely adv.准确地；精确地；的确如此
2．________ [ ri 'l st k] adj.现实的；逼真的→realism n．逼真；现实主义；务实作风→realist n．现实主义画家(或作家等)；现实主义者
3．________ [ hju m 'n st k] adj.人文主义的→humanity n．人性；人道；(统称)人类
4．________ [ nflu'en l] adj.有很大影响力的；有支配力的→influence n．& vt.影响→influenced adj.受影响的
5．________ [f 't ɡr fi] n．照相术；摄影→photograph n．照片；相片　v．拍照；照相
precise　
realistic　
humanistic　
influential　
photography　
6．________ [ 'm d ] vi.& vt.出现；浮现；暴露→emergence n．出现，显露
7．________ ['s bs kw nt] adj.随后的；后来的；之后的→subsequently adv.随后地
8．________ ['sk lpt (r)] n．雕像；雕刻品；雕刻术→sculptor n．雕刻家；雕塑家
9．________ [ n'vestm nt] n．投资额；投资；(时间、精力的)投入→invest v．投资；(把资金)投入；投入(时间、精力等)→investor n．投资者；投资机构
10．________ ['kr t sa z] vi.& vt.批评；指责；评价→criticism n．批评；指责；评论
emerge　
subsequent　
sculpture
investment　
criticise
构词规律
根据给出的构词规则写出下列单词
1．-ism常用于名词或形容词之后构成名词
real adj.→realism n．现实主义
social adj.→________ n．社会主义
Marx n．→________ n．马克思主义
tour n．→________ n．旅游业
socialism
Marxism
tourism
2．后缀-al高频形容词
①influence 影响→influential 有很大影响力的；有支配力的
②tradition 传统→traditional 传统的
③globe 全球→global 全球的
④nature 自然→natural 自然的
⑤centre 中心→central 中心的
⑥origin 起源→original 起初的
Ⅲ.重点短语
1．________________ 尤其；特别
2．________________ 使与众不同；使突出；使优于……
3．________________ 喜爱；喜欢
4．________________ 结果
5．________________ 集中注意力于……
6．________________ 集中于……
7．________________ 试图做某事
8．________________ 赢得声誉
in particular
set apart from
be fond of
as a result
concentrate on
focus on
attempt to do sth.
gain a reputation
Ⅳ.重点句型
1．[句型]主语＋be＋adj.＋不定式
[教材]Finally, most clients wanted paintings __________________
_________________.
最后，大多数客户想要既美丽又有趣的画。
2．[句型]不定式短语作表语
[教材]During the Middle Ages, the purpose of Western art ________________ about Christianity.
在中世纪，西方艺术的目的是把基督教教给人们。
that were beautiful and
interesting to look at
was to teach people
3．[句型]not just...but (also)．..不但……而且……
[教材]He sought to show _____________________________， but their inner warmth and humanity as well.
他努力要表现的不只是绘画题材的外在形象，还有它们内在的温情和人性。
4．[句型]while引导让步状语从句
[教材]__________________________________, they showed real people in a real environment.
虽然他的画作仍然有宗教主题，但这些作品展示了真实环境中的真实人物。
not just the outer image of his subjects
While his paintings still had religious themes
5．[句型]what引导名词性从句
[教材]_____________________ was no longer show reality, but instead to ask the question, “What is art？”
他们试图做的不再是展示现实，而是提出问题：“什么是艺术？”。
What they attempted to do
Ⅴ.理清复杂句式
1．[教材]Influential painters such as Leonardo da Vinci (1452－1519), Michelangelo (1475－1564), and Raphael (1483－1520) built upon Giotto and Masaccio's innovations to produce some of the greatest art that Europe had ever seen.
[分析]
目的状语
定语
[翻译]
一些颇具影响力的画家，例如莱昂纳多·达·芬奇(1452－1519)、米开朗琪罗(1475－1564)和拉斐尔(1483－1520)，在乔托和马萨乔的创新基础上继续发展，创作出一些欧洲前所未见的最伟大的艺术作品。
2．[教材]While painters as early as Da Vinci had used oil, this technique reached its height with Rembrandt (1606－1669), who gained a reputation as a master of shadow and light.
[分析]
让步状语
非限制性定语
[翻译]
尽管早在达·芬奇时代一些画家就使用油彩绘画，但伦勃朗(1606－1669)使得这种技艺达到顶峰，他也获得了“光影大师”的雅称。
Part 2 课堂提升素养
探究新知　发展语言知识　
1(教材P2)While his paintings still had religious themes, they showed real people in a real environment.
虽然他的画作仍然有宗教主题，但这些作品展示了真实环境中的真实人物。
◎句型公式：while引导的从句
(1)当while意为“尽管，虽然”时，引导让步状语从句。
(2)当while意为“当……的时候；和……同时”时，引导时间状语从句。
(3)当while意为“只要”时，引导条件状语从句。
(4)当while意为“然而，可是”时，连接两个并列句子，表示对比关系。
[佳句]　While travelling can broaden your mind, I don't think it's a good idea to spend too much time and money on it.
尽管旅游能够增长见识，但是我认为你不应该在这方面花费太多的时间和金钱。
[练通]——猜猜加黑词while的含义
①While he loves his students, he is very strict with them.____________
②While working, I realized how hard it was to work in the fields under the hot sun.____________
③[2022·全国乙卷]The percent of the students who listen to English songs is as high as 65%. 50% of them watch English movies while only 18% read English books.____________
尽管；虽然
当……的时候
然而，可是
2(教材P2)In particular, his paintings are set apart from other paintings by their realistic human faces and deep emotional impact.
特别是他的绘画作品以其逼真的人物面貌和深刻的情感冲击从其他绘画作品中脱颖而出。
◎in particular尤其；特别
(1)particular adj. 特定的；特别的；挑剔的
be particular about/over 对……很讲究/挑剔
(2)particularly adv. 特别；尤其
[佳句]　As far as I know, this kind of food is rich in nutrition, and it contains a lot of minerals in particular.
据我所知，这种食物营养丰富，特别是含有大量的矿物质。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①He is a very open-minded man, and won't be particular ________ these small things.
②As far as I'm concerned, parents ________ particular should set good examples for children.
[写美]——应用文之推荐信
③[2021·天津卷3月满分作文]作为一个特别喜欢旅游的中国人，我想介绍我最喜欢的城市——北京。
As a Chinese ______________________________________________
__________________， I would like to introduce my favourite city—Beijing.
about　
in
who is interested in travelling in particular/who is particularly
interested in travelling
◎set apart from使与众不同；使突出；使优于……
set about doing sth. 开始做某事
set aside 留出；把……置于一旁
set down 写下；记下
set out to do sth. 开始做某事
[佳句]　
His ability to solve difficult problems logically sets him apart from others.
他从逻辑上解决难题的能力使他与众不同。
[练通]——单句语法填空
④I don't want to set ________ a series of facts in a diary as most people do.
⑤The Voice of China has set ________ a stage where some people can achieve their dreams.
⑥I strongly recommend you to set ________ at least ten minutes to read English loudly every day.
down
up
aside
[写美]——一句多译
[2021·新高考全国卷Ⅰ读后续写]他在杰夫的手上涂了一些药，然后开始帮助他们清理残局，扔掉烤焦了的面包片。
⑦He applied some medicine to Jeff's hand，and then _______________ clean up the mess，throwing away the burnt toast.
⑧He applied some medicine to Jeff's hand，and then ________________ clean up the mess，throwing away the burnt toast.
set out to help them
set about helping them
3(教材P2)Influential painters such as Leonardo da Vinci (1452－1519), Michelangelo(1475－1564), and Raphael (1483－1520), built upon Giotto and Masaccio's innovations to produce some of the greatest art that Europe had ever seen.
一些颇具影响力的画家，例如莱昂纳多·达·芬奇(1452－1519)、米开朗琪罗(1475－1564)和拉斐尔(1483－1520)，在乔托和马萨乔的创新基础上继续发展，创造出欧洲前所未见的一些最伟大的艺术作品。
◎influential adj.有很大影响力的；有支配力的
influence n．& vt. 影响
be influenced by... 被……所影响
have an influence/effect/impact on/upon...
对……有影响
under one's influence 在某人的影响下
[佳句]　As is known to us, Qi Baishi was one of the most influential artists in the history of Chinese painting.
众所周知，齐白石是中国绘画史上最有影响力的艺术家之一。(应用文之人物介绍)
[练通]——单句语法填空
①Chaplin was not just a genius, but he was among the most ________ (influence) figures in film history.
②My physics teacher was my role model, who greatly ________ (influence) me.
＝My physics teacher was my role model, who had a great influence ________ me.
influential
influenced
on/upon
[写美]——应用文之人物描写
③[2020·全国卷Ⅰ满分作文]在我的物理老师的影响下，我对物理越来越感兴趣。换句话说，我的物理老师是我的榜样，他对我的影响极大。因此，他是我最尊敬的人。
___________________________， I have grown increasingly interested in physics. In other words, my physics teacher is my role model, _____________________________________. So he is the person I respect most.
Under my physics teacher's influence
who has a great influence/effect/impact on/upon me
4(教材P2)While painters as early as Da Vinci had used oil, this technique reached its height with Rembrandt (1606－1669), who gained a reputation as a master of shadow and light.
尽管早在达·芬奇时代一些画家就使用油彩绘画，但伦勃朗(1606－1669)使得这种技艺达到顶峰，他也获得了“光影大师”的雅称。
◎reputation n．名誉；名声
have a good reputation for 以……闻名
have a bad/good reputation 坏/好名声
live up to one's reputation 不负盛名
earn a reputation as... 作为……赢得荣誉
[佳句]　It was because of his knowledge and contribution to China that Confucius enjoyed a great reputation.
正是因为他的学识和对中国的贡献，孔子才享有盛誉。
[写美]——应用文佳句
①位于长江中游的三峡大坝以其令人惊叹的风景而闻名。(应用文之地点介绍)
Located in the middle of the Yangtze River, the Three Gorges Dam _________________________________．
②毫无疑问，北京是一座名副其实的中国古都。(应用文之地点介绍)
There is no doubt that Beijing ____________________ a famous ancient capital of China.
has a good reputation for the amazing scenery
lives up to its reputation as
5(教材P2)Kings，nobles，and people of high rank wanted to purchase accurate pictures of themselves and the people they loved.
国王、贵族和身份显赫的人都想购买精准展现自己和所爱之人的绘画。
◎rank n．地位；级别；行列　vt.& vi.把……分等级；使排成行
(1)the first rank 一流的
(2)rank...as... 把……评为……
rank high/first 名列前茅/第一
[佳句]　
The reporter told us that the exhibition would attract people of all ranks.
那位记者告诉我们，这个展览将吸引各阶层人士。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①Shandong Province produced 50 million pounds of apples this year, ________ (rank) second in China.
②A study shows that only 1 percent of Americans rank the environment ________ their biggest worry.
[写美]——应用文之祝贺信
③得知你在上周举行的英语演讲比赛中获得了一等奖，我写信表示衷心的祝贺。
Learning that ___________________________________ held last week, I am writing to express my sincere congratulations.
ranking
as
you ranked first in the English speech competition
6(教材P3)From this, Impressionism emerged in France.
由此，印象派在法国兴起。
◎emerge vi.& vt.出现；浮现；暴露
(1)emerge as... 作为……出现
emerge from... 从……出现
(2)emergence n. 出现，显露
[佳句]　The moon emerged from behind the clouds at mid-night.子夜时分月亮从云层后露出。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①It has emerged _____ the money was taken by a customer accidentally.
②Our government took some ________ (emerge) measures to fight against the virus.
③The organisation helps provide children around the world with education，health care and ________ (emerge) aid.
that
emergent
emergency
7(教材P3)In this work, Monet's aim was to convey the light and movement in the scene—the subjective impression the scene gave him—but not a detailed record of the scene itself.
在这幅作品中，莫奈是想表达景色的光线和移动，也就是景色给他的主观印象，而不是对景色的详细记录。
◎convey vt.表达；传递(思想、感情等)；传送
convey one's feelings/thanks/wishes to sb.
向某人表达某人的感受/谢意/祝愿
convey...to sb. 向某人表达……
convey sth. from...to... 把某物从……运送到……
[佳句]　The message conveyed here is clear：“Actions speak louder than words.”
这里传达的信息很清楚：“事实胜于雄辩”。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①The scholar wrote a letter, ________ (convey) to her children why they should grasp the opportunity to further their education.
②The boss insisted that all the injured ________________ (convey) from the spot to the hospital at once.
[写美]——词汇升级
③I'd like to express my thanks to my high school teachers, without whose help I wouldn't have achieved such a big success.
→I'd like to __________________________ to my high school teachers, without whose help I wouldn't have achieved such a big success.
conveying
(should) be conveyed
convey my appreciation/gratitude
8(教材P3)What they attempted to do was no longer show reality，but instead to ask the question，“What is art？”
他们试图做的不再是展示现实，而是提出问题：“什么是艺术？”。
◎句型公式：what引导名词性从句
(1)what引导的名词性从句， what在从句中可用作主语、宾语或表语；
(2)that也可引导名词性从句，但that在从句中不作任何成分，也无实际意义。
[佳句]　What I want to stress is to raise the public's awareness of protecting the environment.
我想强调的是提高公众的环保意识。(应用文之演讲稿)
[练通]——单句语法填空
①[2022·全国乙卷]Soon，however，they realized ________ they had undertaken.
②My requirement is ________ all the students should gather at the school gate at 7：00 a．m. and then go to the park on foot.
③________ astonished me was that she didn't care about my feelings.
[写美]——句型转换
④As is known to us，smartphones have become an important part in our daily life.
→______________________ smartphones have become an important part in our daily life.(主语从句)
what
that　
What　
What is known to us is that(共67张PPT)
Section Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking
Part 1 课前预习设计
Part 2 课堂提升素养
Part 1 课前预习设计
自读课文　疏通文脉大意
Task 1 文本整体理解：理清文章架构
1．What is the text mainly about
A．How to learn a poem.
B．Various reasons for writing poems.
C．How to recite a poem.
D．Some simple forms of English poems.
D
2．Match the main idea with each paragraph.
Para.1________ A．Nursery rhymes.
Para.2________ B．The distinctive features of poetry.
Para.3________ C．The cinquain.
Para.4________ D．List poems.
Para.5________ E．Give it a try.
Para.6________ F．Tang poems.
Para.7________ G．The haiku.
B
A
D
C
G
F
E
Task 2 文本细节理解：探寻语篇细节理解
Read the text on Pages 50～51 carefully and then choose the best answer.
1．What kind of feeling is conveyed in Poem F
A．Sorrow. B．Love.
C．Happiness. D．Loneliness.
B
2．Which poems often repeat the same words
A．The list poems.
B．The cinquain.
C．The nursery rhymes.
D．The poems from the Tang Dynasty.
C
3．Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the text
A．The cinquain is a form of poetry from Japan.
B．Nursery rhymes don't make sense sometimes.
C．List poems often have a flexible line length.
D．Many Tang poems have been translated into English.
A
Task 3 文本理解：续写佳句
Read the passage carefully and find out the sentences to describe the functions of each form of poetry.(细读短文并找出描述每种诗歌形式的功能的句子)
(1)________________________________________________________
(2)________________________________________________________
(3)________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
By playing with the words in nursery rhymes, children learn about language.
With these, you can convey a strong picture or a certain mood in just a few words.
It is easy to write and, like the cinquain, can give a clear picture and create a special feeling using very few words.
精读课文　疏通理解障碍
[读文清障]
①convey feelings表达情感
②sorrow ['s r ] n．悲伤；悲痛；伤心事 vi.感到悲伤
[反义词] joy n．高兴；愉快；喜悦
③distinctive characteristics显著特点
④economical adj.节约的；简洁的
⑤vivid language生动的语言
⑥imagery [' m d ri] n.形象的描述；意象；像
⑦literary ['l t r ri] adj.文学的；爱好文学的；有文学作品特征的
⑧simile n．明喻
⑨metaphor n．暗喻；隐喻
⑩rhyme [ra m] n．押韵词；押韵的短诗 vi. & vt.(使)押韵
rhythm ['r m] n．节奏；韵律；规律
express oneself表达自己的想法
nursery rhyme童谣；儿歌
nursery ['n s ri] adj.幼儿教育的 n．托儿所；保育室
folk [f k] adj.民间的；民俗的；普通百姓的
folk songs民歌
folk tales民间故事
to the point切题的， 中肯的；简明扼要
off the point跑题， 不切题
make sense有意义；有道理；讲得通
contradictory adj.相互矛盾的；对立的；不一致的
recite [r 'sa t] vt.背诵；吟诵；列举
mockingbird ['m k b d] n.嘲鸫(美洲鸣禽， 能模仿别种鸟的鸣叫)
diamond ['da m nd] n．钻石；金刚石；菱形
(21)turn to (使)变成；(使)转向
(22)brass [brɑ s] n．黄铜；黄铜制品；铜管乐器
(23)billy goat ['b li ɡ t]公山羊
(24)pull vt.拉；拖
(25)bull [b l] n．公牛
(26)contain vt.包含；容纳；含有
(27)a list of一系列
(28)description n．描写
(29)flexible adj.灵活的
(30)repeated adj.重复的；反复发生的
(31)pattern n．模式
(32)lamb n．羔羊；小羊
(33)dewdrop ['dju dr p] n.露珠；水珠
(34)dawn [d n] n．黎明；开端；萌芽
at dawn黎明；拂晓
(35)clover ['kl v (r)] n.三叶草
(36)butterfly ['b t fla ] n．蝴蝶
(37)lawn [l n] n．草坪， 草地
(38)mostly adv.主要地；一般地；通常
(39)cheerful adj.快乐的；高兴的；兴高采烈的
(40)amateur [' m t (r)] n．业余爱好者 adj.业余的；业余爱好的
(41)cinquain [s 'ke n] n．五行诗
(42)be made up of由……组成(构成)
(43)mood [mu d] n．情绪；心情；语气
(44)athletic adj.运动的
(45)tease [ti z] vi.& vt.取笑(某人)；揶揄；逗弄
tease意为“取笑、戏弄”时， 意思等同于make fun of。
(46)haiku ['ha ku ] n．俳句
(47)consist of由……组成
(48)syllable ['s l bl] n．音节
(49)format ['f m t] n．格式；总体安排；(出版物的)版式vt.格式化
(50)respectively [r 'spekt vli]adv.分别；各自；依次为
respective [r 'spekt v] adj.分别的；各自的
(51)delicate ['del k t] adj.精美的；精致的；脆弱的
(52)blossom ['bl s m] n．花朵；花簇
(53)in particular尤其， 特别
(54)await [ 'we t] vt.等候；期待；将发生在
(55)transform vi.& vt.转化， 转换；改造， 变换
transform...into...把……转变成……
(56)revolve [r 'v lv] vi.旋转；环绕；转动
(57)utter [' t (r)] vt.出声；说；讲 adj.完全的；十足的；彻底的
utter a cry大叫一声
to one's utter amazement令某人大感意外的是
(58)eventually adv.最后；终于
(59)of one's own某人自己的
[原文呈现]
A FEW SIMPLE FORMS OF ENGLISH POEMS
There are various reasons why people compose poetry. Some poems tell a story or describe a certain image in the reader's mind. Others try to convey certain feelings① such as joy and sorrow②. The distinctive characteristics③ of poetry often include economical④ use of words, descriptive and vivid language⑤， integrated imagery⑥， literary⑦ devices such as similes⑧ and metaphors⑨， and arrangement of words, lines, rhymes⑩， and rhythm . Poets use many different forms of poetry to express themselves .[1] Now we will look at a few of the simpler forms.
[1]此处是动词不定式短语在句中作目的状语。
Some of the first poems a young child learns in English are nursery rhymes .[2] They are usually the traditional poems or folk songs. The language of these rhymes, like Poem A, is to the point but has a storyline. Many children enjoy nursery rhymes because they rhyme, have a strong rhythm, and often repeat the same words. The poems may not make sense and even seem contradictory ， but they are easy to learn and recite . By playing with the words in nursery rhymes, children learn about language.
[2]本句的主干是“Some of the first poems are nursery rhymes”， 其中“a young child learns in English”是省略引导词的定语从句， 修饰先行词poems。
A
Hush, little baby, don't say a word，
Papa's gonna buy you a mockingbird .
If that mockingbird won't sing，
Papa's gonna buy you a diamond ring.
If that diamond ring turns to21 brass22，
Papa's gonna buy you a looking glass.
If that looking glass gets broke，
Papa's gonna buy you a billy goat23.
If that billy goat won't pull24，
Papa's gonna buy you a cart and bull25.
One of the simplest kinds of poem is the “list poem”， which contains26 a list of27 things, people, ideas, or descriptions28 that develop a particular theme.List poems have a flexible29 line length and repeated30 phrases which give both a pattern31 and a rhythm to the poem. Some rhyme (like B and C), while others do not．[3]
[3]此处while用作并列连词， 意为“而、然而”， 用于对比两件事物。
B
Only One Mother
Hundreds of stars in the pretty sky,
Hundreds of shells on the shore together,
Hundreds of birds that go singing by,
Hundreds of lambs32 in the sunny weather,
Hundreds of dewdrops33 to greet the dawn34，
Hundreds of bees in the purple clover35，
Hundreds of butterflies36 on the lawn37，
But only one mother the wild world over.
George Cooper
C
LIFE
Life can be good,
Life can be bad,
Life is mostly38 cheerful39，
but sometimes sad
Life can be dreams,
Life can be great thoughts
Life can mean a person,
Sitting in court.
Another simple form of poem that amateurs40 can easily write is the cinquain41， which is made up of42 five lines. With these, you can convey a strong picture or a certain mood43 in just a few words. Look at the example (D) .
D
Brother
Beautiful, athletic44
Teasing45， shouting, laughing
Friend and enemy too
Mine
Haiku46 is a Japanese form of poetry that consists of47 17 syllables48.[4] It has a format49 of three lines, containing 5, 7, and 5 syllables respectively50.[5] It is not a traditional form of English poetry, but is very popular with English writers. It is easy to write and, like the cinquain, can give a clear picture and create a special feeling using very few words.[6] The haiku poem (E) on the right is a translation from Japanese, which shows a moment in the life of a delicate51 butterfly．[7]
[4]此处that引导定语从句， 修饰先行词a Japanese form of poetry。
[5]此处是现在分词短语作定语， 修饰a format of three lines。
[6]本句中不定式to write是主动形式表示被动意义；using very few words是现在分词短语作方式状语。
[7]此处是which引导的非限制性定语从句， 对The haiku poem进行补充说明。
E
A fallen blossom52
Is coming back to the branch.
Look, a butterfly!
English speakers also enjoy poems from China, those from the Tang Dynasty in particular53. A lot of Tang poetry has been translated into English, such as this one (F)．
F
Where she awaits54 her husband
On and on the river flows.
Never looking back,
Transformed55 into stone.
Day by day upon the mountain top,
wind and rain revolve56.
Should the traveller return,
this stone would utter57 speech．[8]
Wang Jian
With so many different forms of poetry to choose from, [9] you may eventually58 want to write poems of your own59. Give it a try!
[8]本句是虚拟条件句， 表示对未来不可能发生的事情的假设。主句用would do, 从句用should do, 从句中should提前构成倒装句。
[9]此处是with复合结构， 在句中作状语， 不定式短语to choose from作宾语补足语。
[课文翻译]
英语诗歌的几种简单形式
人们写诗有各种各样的原因。有些诗歌讲述一个故事或描述读者心中的某种形象。其他诗歌则试图表达某些情感， 如喜悦和悲伤。诗歌的显著特点通常包括：用词简洁， 语言描述生动、形象， 整合的意象， 使用明喻和暗喻等修辞手法， 词、行、韵、节奏等编排有序。诗人用许多不同形式的诗歌来表达自己的想法。现在， 我们来看一些较为简单的形式。
幼儿在英语中首先学到的一些诗歌是童谣。它们通常是传统的诗歌或民歌。这些童谣(如诗歌A)的语言简单明了， 但是带有故事情节。许多孩子喜欢童谣， 因为它们押韵， 节奏感强， 经常重复相同的单词。这些诗歌可能没有意义， 甚至看起来自相矛盾， 但它们易于学习和背诵。孩子们通过玩童谣中的文字游戏来学习语言。
A
嘘， 小宝宝， 别说话，
爸爸给你买嘲鸫。
小嘲鸫， 不会唱，
爸爸给你买钻戒。
钻石戒， 变成铜，
爸爸给你买镜子。
小镜子， 打破了，
爸爸给你买山羊。
小山羊， 不拉车，
爸爸给你买牛车。
最简单的一种诗歌是“清单诗”， 它包含一系列的事物、人物、思想或描写， 围绕一个特定的主题展开。清单诗诗句的长度灵活， 且有重复的短语， 这就形成了这种诗的模式和节奏。有些清单诗(如B和C)有韵脚， 而其他一些没有。
B
母亲
千百颗星星挂在美丽的天空，
千百颗贝壳遍布悠长的海岸，
千百只鸟儿鸣唱着飞过，
千百只羔羊在阳光下(往返),
千百滴露珠迎接黎明，
千百只蜜蜂在紫色的三叶草里(起舞),
千百只蝴蝶在草坪上(飞舞),
可只有一个母亲， 在这茫茫的世间。
乔治·库珀
C
生活
生活可以很美好，
生活可以很糟糕，
生活常常充满欢乐，
但有时也很悲伤
生活可能是梦幻一场，
生活可能是伟大的理想
生活可能意味着一个人，
坐在法庭上。
另外一种业余爱好者很容易就能写出的形式简单的诗歌是五行诗， 它由五行诗句组成。你只需几句话就能展现出强烈的画面或某种情绪。看这个例子(D)。
D
兄弟
爱美， 又爱运动
爱闹， 爱叫， 又爱笑
是我的朋友
也是我的敌人
俳句是一种日本诗歌形式， 由17个音节组成。它的格式是3行， 分别包含5个、7个和5个音节。它不是传统的英语诗歌形式， 但很受英国作家的欢迎。它容易写出， 就像五行诗一样， 可以用很少的文字描绘出一幅清晰的画面并创造出一种特别的感觉。右边的俳句诗(E)是日文译本， 它展示了一只美丽的蝴蝶生命中的一个瞬间。
E
落下的花朵
回到了树枝上。
瞧啊， 是只蝴蝶！
说英语的人也喜欢中国的诗歌， 特别是唐代的那些诗歌。许多唐诗被译成了英文， 例如这首(F)。
F
望夫处，
江悠悠。
化为石，
不回头。
山头日日风复雨。
行人归来石应语。
王建
有这么多不同形式的诗歌可供从中选择， 你可能最终想写你自己的诗。试试看吧！
自查语基　落实基本知能
Ⅰ.核心词汇
根据语境写出正确的单词
1．nursery ________ 童谣；儿歌
2．________ songs 民歌
3．a(n) ________ ring 一枚钻戒
4．be easy to learn and ________ 易于学习和背诵
5．hundreds of ________ 数以百计的露珠
6．at ________ 黎明；拂晓
7．lie on the ________ 躺在草坪上
8．a(n) ________ player 一个业余的运动员
rhyme
folk
diamond
recite
dewdrops
dawn
lawn
amateur
9．in a pretty good ________ 心情很好
10．________ other people 取笑他人
11．a standard ________　一种标准格式
12．a fallen ________ 一朵落下的花
13．a (n) ________ butterfly 一只精美的蝴蝶
14．________ guidance 等候指示
15．wind and rain ________ 风雨交加
16．English ________ 英文版本
17．the digital ________ 数字时代
18．________ the ________ of love 播下爱的种子
mood
tease
format
blossom
delicate
await
revolved
version
era
sow
seeds
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
根据提示写出相应的单词
1．________ ['drɑ m ] n．戏；剧；戏剧艺术→dramatic adj.戏剧的；给人印象深刻的；巨大而突然的；急剧的
2．________ ['s r ] n．悲伤；悲痛；伤心事 vi.感到悲伤→sorrowful adj.悲伤的；悲痛的
3．________ [' m d ri] n．形象的描述；意象；像→image n．形象；印象
4．________ ['l t r ri] adj.文学的；爱好文学的；有文学作品特征的→literature n．文学；文献；著作
drama
sorrow
imagery
literary
5．________ [r 'spekt v] adj.分别的；各自的→respectively adv.分别；各自；依次为
6．________ ['del k t] adj.精美的；精致的；脆弱的→delicacy n．脆弱
7．________ [' t (r)] vt.出声；说；讲 adj.完全的；十足的；彻底的→utterly adv.完全地；十足地；彻底地
8．____________ [ k mpr 'hen n] n．理解力；领悟力；理解练习→comprehend v．理解；领悟→comprehensible adj.可理解的
respective
delicate
utter
comprehension
9．________ [ s mp 'θet k] adj.同情的；有同情心的；赞同的→sympathy n．同情；赞同
10．________ [' n sns] n．天真；单纯；无罪→innocent adj.天真无邪的；无辜的；无恶意的
11．___________ [ k r 'sp nd ns] n．来往信件；通信联系→correspond vi.相一致；符合；相当于；通信
12．________ ['d m n nt] adj.首要的；占支配地位的；显著的→dominate vt.控制；支配
sympathetic
innocence
correspondence
dominant
构词规律
根据给出的构词规则写出下列单词
1．-ive 形容词后缀。
respect v．→respective adj. 分别的； 各自
act v．→________ adj. 活跃的； 积极的
create v．→________ adj. 有创造力的
2．动词之后加ence, ance可转化为名词
correspond v．→correspondence n. 通信
differ n．→________ n. 区别； 不同
perform n．→__________ n. 表演； 表现
active
creative
difference
performance
Ⅲ.重点短语
1．________________ 中肯的；切题的
2．________________ 讲得通；有意义
3．________________ 由……组成(构成)
4．________________ 把……翻译成……
5．________________ 从……选择
6．________________ 和……比较
7．________________ 有意义
8．________________ 受……欢迎的
9．________________ 尤其， 特别
to the point
make sense
be made up of
translate...into...
choose from...
compared with
make sense
be popular with
in particular
Ⅳ.重点句型
1．[句型]why引导定语从句
[教材]There are various reasons _____________________.
人们写诗歌有各种各样的原因。
2．[句型]主语＋be＋adj.＋动词不定式
The poems may not make sense and even seem contradictory, but______
____________________．
这些诗歌可能没有意义， 甚至看起来自相矛盾， 但它们易于学习和背诵。
why people compose poetry
they
are easy to learn and recite
3．[句型]The reason is that...原因是……
[教材]____________________________________ and enjoy the innocence of childhood.
原因是他们能感觉到爱的温暖、享受童年的纯真。
4．[句型] with复合结构
[教材] _______________________________________， you may eventually want to write poems of your own.
有这么多不同形式的诗歌可供从中选择， 你可能最终想写你自己的诗。
The reason is that they can feel the warmth of love
With so many different forms of poetry to choose from
Ⅴ.理清复杂句式
[翻译]许多孩子喜欢童谣， 因为它们押韵， 节奏感强， 经常重复相同的单词。
原因状语
谓语
非限制性定语
[翻译]　最简单的一种诗歌是“清单诗”， 它包含一系列的事物、人物、思想或描写， 围绕一个特定的主题展开。
定语
[翻译]　另外一种业余爱好者很容易就能写出的形式简单的诗歌是五行诗， 它由五行诗句组成。
定语
非限制性定语
Part 2 课堂提升素养
探究新知　发展语言知识　
1(教材P50)There are various reasons why people compose poetry.
人们写诗有各种各样的原因。
◎句型公式：why引导定语从句
先行词是reason时， 定语从句的引导词需根据定语从句缺少的成分而定：
(1)如果缺少状语， 用why或for which；
(2)如果缺少主语， 则用that或which；
(3)如果缺少宾语， 则用that或which或不填。
[佳句]　The reason why/for which I am starving for the position is that I can help foreigners have a better understanding of Chinese culture.
我渴望这个职位的原因是我能够帮助外国人更好地理解中国文化。(应用文之申请信)
[练通]——单句语法填空
①I think the reason________ you are always angry may be the high pressure of study.
②The reason____________ he explained to us was that he hadn't read the book before.
③The reason ________ we advocate building a low-carbon campus is that we must protect the environment and the earth.
[写美]——读后续写佳句
④[2022·新高考Ⅰ卷读后续写]你应该出席的原因是你已经为这次活动做了充分的准备。
________________________________ you have made full preparations for this event.
why
that/which/不填
why
The reason why you should show up is that
2(教材P50)Others try to convey certain feelings such as joy and sorrow.
其他诗歌则试图表达某些情感， 如喜悦和悲伤。
◎sorrow　n．悲伤；悲痛；伤心事　vi.感到悲伤
(1)sorrow at/for/over sth. 对某事感到悲伤
(2)to one's sorrow 让某人悲伤的是
share happiness and sorrow
同甘共苦
drown one's sorrows 借酒浇愁
(3)sorrowful adj. 悲伤的
[佳句]　With tears of sorrow rolling down my cheeks, I hugged my father tightly. (读后续写心理描写)
悲伤的泪水顺着脸颊往下流， 我紧紧地拥抱着父亲。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①Leave him alone. He ___________ (sorrow) over the loss of his true friend now.
②Much ________ his sorrow, his new house beside the lake was burnt to the ground by a terrible fire.
③As a matter of fact, my nephew daren't look up to see my ________ (sorrow) eyes.
[写美]——应用文佳句
④此外， 我们需要朋友来分享我们的喜怒哀乐， 否则我们会感到孤独。
Besides, we need friends to______________________， otherwise we will feel lonely.
is sorrowing
to
sorrowful
share our joys and sorrows
3(教材P50)The language of these rhymes, like Poem A, is to the point but has a storyline.
这些童谣(如诗歌A)的语言简单明了， 但是带有故事情节。
◎to the point　切题的， 中肯的；简明扼要
come to the point 说正题
off the point 跑题；不切题
be on the point of doing sth. 正要做某事
There is no point (in) doing sth.
做某事没有意义
[佳句]　There is little time left, so let's come to the point.没有多少时间了， 所以我们说正题吧。
[练通]——完成句子
①I'm afraid what you are saying now is _________ (跑题).
②He was__________________________ (正要打开门) when it began to rain.
③_________________ (没有意义) arguing with him. He is always stubborn.
off the point
on the point of opening the door
There is no point
4(教材P50)The poems may not make sense and even seem contradictory, but they are easy to learn and recite.
这些诗歌可能没有意义， 甚至看起来自相矛盾， 但它们易于学习和背诵。
◎make sense　有意义；有道理；讲得通
make no sense 讲不通；没意义
make sense of... 了解……的意义；懂得……
common sense 常识
in a sense 在某一方面；从某种意义上说
There is no sense in doing sth. 做某事没有道理/意义。
[佳句]　This sentence just doesn't make sense, no matter how you read it.
无论你怎样读这个句子， 它都讲不通。
[练通]——完成句子
①I can't ________________ (理解) what my physics teacher says in class, so would you please offer me some guidance
②________________ (从某种意义上说), it is your endurance and perseverance rather than your intelligence that determine whether you can succeed or not.
③__________________ (没有意义) making such selfish and bad-tempered friends.
make sense of
In a sense
There is no sense in
5(教材P50)The poems may not make sense and even seem contradictory, but they are easy to learn and recite.
这些诗歌可能没有意义， 甚至看起来自相矛盾， 但它们易于学习和背诵。
◎句型公式：主语＋be＋adj.＋动词不定式
“主语＋be＋adj.＋动词不定式”句型有以下几个特点：
(1)不定式在该句型中用主动形式表示被动意义；
(2)常用于该句型的形容词多为表示主语性质、特征的词， 如hard, difficult, pleasant, easy, comfortable, interesting等；
(3)动词不定式和主语在逻辑上为动宾关系；当不定式中的动词为不及物动词时， 要加适当的介词。
[佳句]　①[2021·全国乙卷发言稿]Through the Internet, we can obtain a large quantity of learning materials with ease.
我们可以通过互联网轻松地获得大量学习资料。
②Among the four seasons in a year, summer is my favorite. The morning air is so good to breathe.
在一年的四个季节中， 夏天是我最喜欢的季节。早晨的空气呼吸起来棒极了。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①Today's homework was easy ________ (do), so Mike finished it quickly and went out to play.
②I'm afraid we'll have to work extra hours, for some problems are hard ________ (settle)．
[写美]——应用文佳句
③虽然爬陡峭的山很难， 但一旦我们站在山顶上， 周围的景色将一览无余。
Although the steep mountain ________________， we can get a good view of the surrounding scenery once we stand on the top of it.
to do
to settle
is hard to climb
6(教材P50)By playing with the words in nursery rhymes, children learn about language.
通过童谣中的文字游戏，孩子们学习了语言。
◎句型公式：by doing (作状语)＋主句
非谓语动词作介词的宾语是高考考查热点，常考点如下：
by doing sth. 通过做某事
after doing sth. 做某事之后
of doing sth. 做某事的……
for doing sth. 为了做某事；因为做某事……
[佳句]　[2022·浙江1月卷]By participating in the cultural festival, we have developed a deep friendship.
通过参加文化节，我们建立了深厚的友谊。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①[2022·新高考Ⅰ卷读后续写]Every runner was in his position, and then rushed forward like a flash after ________ (hear)the starting pistol.
②[2022·全国乙卷] And half of the students surveyed prefer to learn English by________ (watch)English movies.
[写美]——应用文佳句
③通过亲自做有趣的实验， 我既玩得开心也获得了知识。
________________________________， I had lots of fun as well as gaining knowledge.
hearing
watching
By doing interesting experiments myself
7(教材P51)Another simple form of poem that amateurs can easily write is the cinquain, which is made up of five lines.
另外一种业余爱好者很容易就能写出的形式简单的诗歌是五行诗， 它由五行诗句组成。
◎be made up of　由……组成(构成)
(1)make up 构成， 组成；占；和解；编造
make up for 弥补， 补偿
(2)consist of 由……组成
be composed of 由……组成
[佳句]　I don't have a talent for music, but I make up for it with hard work and perseverance.
我没有音乐天赋， 但我用勤奋和毅力来弥补。
[写美]——句型转换
The coming-of-age ceremony is made up of two parts—some videos about the past events and some speeches to be delivered by some student representatives.
→The coming-of-age ceremony (成人礼) _____________________ two parts—some videos about the past events and some speeches to be delivered by some student representatives.
consists of/is composed of
8(教材P51)With these, you can convey a strong picture or a certain mood in just a few words.
你只需几句话就能展现出强烈的画面或某种情绪。
◎mood　n．情绪；心情；语气
(1)in a good/bad mood 心情好/不好
be in the mood for sth./to do sth. 有做某事的心情
be in no mood for sth./to do sth. 没有心情做某事
(2)moody adj. 喜怒无常的
[佳句]　She is in a good mood today and the smile on her face shines like a diamond.
她今天心情好， 她脸上的笑容像钻石一样闪闪发光。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①Because I have failed in English exam, I am in no mood ________a picnic this weekend.
②I was ________ (mood), depressed, lonely, and I didn't smile much.
[写美]——读后续写情感描写
③她很沮丧，除了在房间里哭泣，什么也不想做。
Depressed, she felt ________________________ but weep in her room.
for
moody
in no mood to do anything(共48张PPT)
Section Ⅲ　Using Language
Part 1 课前预习设计
Part 2课堂提升素养
Part 1 课前预习设计
自读课文　疏通文脉大意　
Read the texts on Page 20 carefully and then choose the best answer.
1．What are the two texts mainly about
A．An introduction of the summer camp.
B．Something about being sleepy.
C．Something about some sports.
D．Two students' letters to the Editor about the changes of their lifestyles.
D
2．Before Wang Lu attended the summer camp, how did she feel
A．She felt energetic.
B．She felt dynamic.
C．She felt sleepy and dizzy.
D．She felt passionate.
C
3．What did Wang Lu do after she made up her mind to eat nothing with sugar
A．She didn't go out to eat.
B．When she went out with friends, she brought snacks that didn't have any added sugar.
C．She only bought sweets once in a while.
D．She made a survey about the dangers of sugar.
B
4．How did George relax when he felt stressed out after starting high school
A．By exercising.
B．By climbing.
C．By playing computer games.
D．By meeting new friends.
C
精读课文　疏通理解障碍
[读文清障]
①dizzy ['d zi] adj.头晕目眩的
dizziness ['d zin s] n．[U]眩晕
②lack vt.& n．[U.sing.]缺乏；不足
lack passion缺乏热情
for lack of因缺乏……
③flu [flu ] n．[U]流感
get the flu得流感
④stimulate ['st mjule t] vt.激发；促进；刺激
stimulate one's
creativity/motivation激发某人的创造力/动力
⑤dentist ['dent st] n．[C]牙科医生
⑥sugary adj.含糖的；甜的
sugar n．糖
⑦nut [n t] n．[C]坚果
⑧skateboard
['ske tb d] n．[C]滑板　vi.玩滑板
⑨dynamic [da 'n m k] adj.充满活力的；精力充沛的；动态的
⑩suffer from a flu virus感染流感病毒
in control of 控制
make choices做出选择
within one's own power在某人的能力范围之内
[原文呈现]
Dear Editor，
After I attended your summer camp about health and lifestyle choices, I realised I hardly ever felt well, either physically or mentally. I often felt sleepy and dizzy①， and lacked passion②. Most worrying [1], though, I got the flu③ easily and experienced many toothaches, too.
At the end of the camp I heard, “Change the world by changing yourself.” This stimulated④ my motivation. A dentist⑤ once examined me and told me that too much sugar in my meals had damaged my teeth and health. I made up my mind to change two things in my life: to eat nothing with sugar and to exercise regularly.
After that I stopped buying all the sweets, biscuits, and sugary⑥ drinks that I used to have every day. Whenever I went out with friends [2], I brought snacks from home, things that didn't have any added sugar: fruit, nuts⑦， dried meat, etc.
[1]此处为形容词短语作状语，修饰整个句子。
[2]此处为whenever引导时间状语从句，意为“每次”。
My exercise was very simple: I went outside every day for at least 30 minutes and did something active. Sometimes I played table tennis or badminton with my cousins. Other times I jumped on my skateboard⑧ and rode around my neighbourhood, or just took a long walk.
The results have been fantastic. I feel more dynamic⑨ and stronger than ever, in both body and mind. I sleep soundly at night now. I no longer suffer from a flu virus⑩ or toothaches either. Best of all, in my opinion, is how I feel about myself [3].I feel like I'm in control of my own life. To make choices about myself is within my own power . I CAN change myself. I just need to try.
Yours truly，
Wang Lu
[3]此处how引导表语从句。
[课文翻译]
亲爱的编辑：
在我参加了你们关于健康和生活方式选择的夏令营之后，我意识到无论是身体上还是精神上，我几乎都感觉不好。我经常感到困倦和头晕，缺乏激情。不过，最让我担心的是，我很容易得流感，还经历了多次牙痛。
在夏令营结束时，我听到“通过改变自己来改变世界”，这激发了我的动力。有一次，一位牙医给我做了检查，他告诉我，我用餐中的糖分太多，损害了我的牙齿和健康。我下定决心要改变我生活中的两件事：不吃含糖的东西和定期锻炼。
从那以后，我再也不买以前每天都吃的糖果、饼干和含糖饮料。每当我和朋友出去玩时，我都会从家里带些零食，这些零食没有添加任何糖分：水果、坚果、肉干等。
我的锻炼非常简单：我每天至少出去30分钟，做一些积极的运动。有时我和表兄弟姐妹打乒乓球或羽毛球。其他时间，我跳上滑板，骑着车在附近转悠，或者只是散个长步。
结果非常棒。我感到身体和精神都比以前更富活力，更加强健。我现在晚上睡得很香。我也不再受流感病毒或牙痛的折磨了。在我看来，最重要的是我对自己的感觉。我觉得我可以掌控自己的生活。在自己的能力范围内做出自己的选择。我可以改变自己。我只需要去尝试。
您忠实的，
王璐
[读文清障]
①stressed out焦虑不安；疲惫不堪
②absorb [ b's b] vt.吸引全部注意力；吸收
absorbed adj.被……吸引住；专心致志；全神贯注
③day and night夜以继日
④worn out筋疲力尽的；疲惫的
wear sb. out使某人筋疲力尽
⑤take control of掌控
in control of控制……
⑥be mad for...
对……着迷，热衷于……
⑦succeed in doing sth.成功做了某事
⑧bowling ['b l ?] n．[U]保龄球运动
⑨comedy ['k m di] n．[C，U]喜剧；喜剧片；滑稽节目
⑩monthly ['m nθli] adv.& adj.每月；每月一次的　
n．月刊
enhance [ n'hɑ ns] vt.提高；增强；增进
refresh [r 'fre ] vt.使恢复精力；使凉爽；刷新
refreshing adj.令人耳目一新的；使人精力充沛的；使人凉爽的
try out试用；测试；试验
[原文呈现]
Dear Editor，
As I took part in the summer camp about personal life choices [1], I started to analyse my choices, especially what I did to relax and how it was affecting my whole life.
After starting high school, I felt stressed out① and always relaxed by playing computer games. I got so absorbed② that I played the games day and night③.[2] Playing was fun, but I felt even more worn out④ afterwards! So after the camp, I realised that it was very, very important to adjust my lifestyle. I decided to take control of⑤ my life and find other ways to relax.
[1]此处as引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时”。
[2]本句中包含“so...that...”结构，引导结果状语从句。
It was a big struggle not to join my friends in playing online games as I'm mad for⑥ them.[3] However, I realised that to succeed in⑦ quitting, I had to replace it with something else. So I thought about what to try. Rock climbing, bowling⑧， watching comedies⑨， and playing basketball were the things I thought of doing instead [4].
[3]本句中it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式短语“not to join my friends in...games”；“as I'm mad for them”为as引导的原因状语从句， as在此意为“因为”。
[4]此处是定语从句，修饰the things。
Now my dad and I go rock climbing together monthly⑩！ It has enhanced the quality of my life, improving my health and increasing my happiness [5]. I get refreshed through climbing, spend more time with my dad, and get to meet new friends.
After six months of trying out new ways of relaxing, I feel much more energetic. I feel that I can change myself for the better. And if that's true for me, then it might truly be possible to change the world for the better. As Gandhi said [6], “Be the change you want to see in the world.”
Sincerely，
George Fielding
[5]此处为动词-ing短语作同位语，解释说明逗号前面的内容。
[6]此处as引导非限制性定语从句。
[课文翻译]
亲爱的编辑：
当我参加关于个人生活选择的夏令营时，我开始分析自己的选择，尤其是我做些什么来放松自己，以及它是如何影响我的整个生活的。
高中毕业后，我感到焦虑不安，总是通过玩电脑游戏来放松自己。我太投入了，没日没夜地玩游戏。玩游戏很开心，但是后来我甚至感觉更累了！所以在夏令营结束后，我意识到调整自己的生活方式非常非常重要。我决定掌控自己的生活，找到其他放松的方法。
不和我的朋友们一起玩网络游戏真是太难了，因为我非常喜欢网络游戏。然而，我意识到，要想成功戒掉(网络游戏)，我必须做些其他事情来代替它。所以我想尝试做些事情。攀岩、保龄球、看喜剧和打篮球都是我想代替游戏的事情。
现在我和爸爸每个月都一块去攀岩！它提高了我的生活质量，改善了我的健康，增加了我的幸福感。爬山让我精神焕发，与爸爸在一起的时间更多了，并结识了新的朋友。
用了六个月尝试新的放松方式后，我感到精力充沛多了。我觉得我可以变得更好。如果这对我来说是对的，那么也许真的有可能把世界变得更加美好。正如甘地所说“欲变世界，先变其身。”
您忠实的，
乔治·菲尔丁
自查语基　落实基本知能　
Ⅰ.核心词汇
根据语境写出正确的单词
1．passive ________ smoking 被动吸烟
2．________ breakfast 不吃早餐
3．feel sleepy and ________ 感到困倦和头晕
4．watch out for ________ virus
当心流感病毒
5．feel more ________ and stronger
感觉更有活力且更强壮
cigarette
skip　
dizzy　
flu　
dynamic　
6．go rock climbing together ________
每月一起去攀岩
7．________ the quality of life
提高生活质量
8．have a fairly ________ attitude to life
对生活的态度是相当消极的
9．________ off one's beards 刮去某人的胡子
10．watch a ________ movie 看一部喜剧电影
monthly
enhance　
negative　
shave　
comedy
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
根据提示写出相应的单词
1．________ ['spe l st] n．专科医生；专家→special adj.特别的；重要的；特设的→specialize vt.专攻；专门研究
2．________ [k n's lt nt] n．顾问；高级顾问医师→consult vt.& vi.请教；咨询　vt.查阅；参考
3．________ ['st mjule t] vt.激发；促进；刺激→stimulation n．刺激
4．________ [' ɡ ri] adj.含糖的；甜的→sugar n．糖；食糖
5．________ [r 'fre ] vt.使恢复精力；使凉爽；刷新→refreshment n．点心；茶点；凉爽→refreshed adj.精神恢复的→refreshing adj.提神的；令人耳目一新的
6．________ [ b's b] vt.吸引全部注意力；吸收→absorption n．吸引；合并→absorbing adj.吸引人的→absorbed adj.全神贯注的
specialist　
consultant　
stimulate　
sugary
refresh　
absorb
Ⅲ.重点短语
1．________________ 遭受
2．________________ 在某人能力范围内
3．________________ 焦虑不安；疲惫不堪
4．________________ 筋疲力尽的；疲惫的
5．________________ 控制；管理
6．________________ 日日夜夜
suffer from
in/within one's power
stress out
worn out
take control of
day and night
Ⅳ.重点句型
1．[句型]whenever引导让步状语从句
[教材]_________________________, I brought snacks from home, things that didn't have any added sugar: fruit, nuts, dried meat, etc.
无论何时我和朋友出去，我都会从家里带一些零食，一些没有添加任何糖分的东西：水果、坚果、肉干等。
Whenever I went out with friends
2．[句型]“so...that...”意为“如此……以至……”
[教材]I got ____________ I played the games day and night.
我太投入了，以至我日日夜夜都在玩游戏。
3．[句型]get done结构
[教材]________________________， spend more time with my dad, and get to meet new friends.
通过攀岩，我变得神清气爽，并且有更多的时间和爸爸待在一起，还认识了新朋友。
so absorbed that
I get refreshed through climbing
Part 2课堂提升素养
探究新知　发展语言知识　
1(教材P20)This stimulated my motivation.这激发了我的动力。
◎stimulate vt.激发；促进；刺激
stimulate sb. to do sth. 激励某人做某事
be stimulated by... 被……激励
[佳句]　Whenever I am stressed out and worn out, my warm-hearted friend always stimulates me to insist on my initial goal.
每当我感到有压力和疲惫的时候，我热心的朋友总是激励我坚持最初的目标。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①At that moment I ___________ (stimulate) to examine my deepest thoughts.
②As intelligent beings, we're enormously stimulated ________ problem solving and learning.
was stimulated
by
2(教材P20)Whenever I went out with friends, I brought snacks from home, things that didn't have any added sugar: fruit, nuts, dried meat, etc.
无论何时我和朋友出去，我都会从家里带一些零食，一些没有添加任何糖分的东西：水果、坚果、肉干等。
◎whenever引导让步状语从句
(1)当whenever/wherever/however引导让步状语从句时，相当于no matter when/where/how。
(2)whatever/whoever/whichever/whomever既可以引导名词性从句，也可以引导让步状语从句，在引导让步状语从句时相当于no matter what/who/which/whom。
[佳句]　Whenever/No matter when important exams approach, many students will suffer from terrible anxiety.
每当重要的考试临近时，许多学生都会产生严重的焦虑。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①________ you need help, you can get in touch with me.
②________ busy my headteacher is, he will spare some time to chat with us to relieve our heavy pressure.
[写美]——句型转换
③Anyone who wins the election is going to have difficulty in getting the economy back on its feet.
→____________________ is going to have difficulty in getting the economy back on its feet. (主语从句)
Whenever
However
Whoever wins the election
3(教材P20)After starting high school, I felt stressed out and always relaxed by playing computer games.开始高中生活后，我感到焦虑不安，总是通过玩电脑游戏来放松自己。
◎stressed out焦虑不安；心力交瘁
(1)stress out (使)焦虑不安；(受到)压力过大；疲惫不堪
under stress 在压力之下
put/place stress on 强调；把重点放在……上
(2)stress the importance of sth. 强调某事的重要性
(3)stressful adj. 压力大的；紧张的
stressed adj. 焦虑不安的
[佳句]　I'm always feeling stressed out because my efforts don't seem to pay off.
我经常感到焦虑不安， 因为我的努力似乎得不到回报。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①With so much work filling her mind, she felt ________ (stress)．
②The truth is that the girl didn't want to take the ________ (stress) job.
[写美]——应用文之建议信
③There is no denying that all the Senior 3 students are ______________ (处于巨大压力之下). So neither the teachers nor the parents should __________________ (给他们更多压力). To ease the unbearable stress, I must __________________ (强调……的重要性) a balance between study and relaxation.
stressed
stressful
under great stress
put more stress on them
stress the importance of
4(教材P20)Playing was fun, but I felt even more worn out afterwards!
玩起来很开心，但玩过之后我觉得更累了！
◎worn out筋疲力尽的；疲惫的；破烂不堪的；废旧的
(1)worn adj. 用坏的；疲惫的
(2)wear sb. out 使某人筋疲力尽
[佳句]　[2022·新高考Ⅰ卷读后续写]Though worn out and sweaty, David managed to reach the finish line at last.
尽管大卫筋疲力尽，汗流浃背，但他最终还是到达了终点线。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①Faced with such a stressful challenge, I felt ________ (wear) out physically and mentally.
②The little boy ran around kicking a ball, ________ (wear) himself out.
worn
wearing
5(教材P20)I decided to take control of my life and find other ways to relax.
我决定要掌控自己的生活，找到其他放松的方式。
◎take control of控制，掌控
in control of 控制；掌握
in the control of... 由……控制
beyond one's control 某人无法控制
out of control 不受控制
under the control of 受……控制
lose control of 对……失去控制
[佳句]　Students are encouraged to take control of their own learning, rather than just depending on the teacher.
鼓励学生掌控自己的学习，而不是只依靠老师。
[写美]——一句多译
这位有影响力但谦逊的经理五年前掌控了这家烟草公司。
①The influential but humble manager __________ the tobacco company five years ago.
②The influential but humble manager has been __________ the tobacco company for five years.
③The tobacco company has been ____________ the influential but humble manager for five years.
④The tobacco company has been ________________ the influential but humble manager for five years.
took control of
in control of　
in the control of
under the control of
6(教材P20)I get refreshed through climbing, spend more time with my dad, and get to meet new friends.
通过攀岩，我变得神清气爽，并且有更多的时间和爸爸待在一起，还认识了新朋友。
◎句型公式：get done结构
常见的get done结构：
get broken 破了
get punished 受到惩罚
get hurt 受伤
get admitted 被录取
get married 结婚
get annoyed 生气
get excited 激动
get separated 被分开
[佳句]　The moment Jane realized that she got lost in the forest，she was panicked into crying.
简一意识到自己在树林里迷了路，就吓得哭了起来。(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)
[练通]——单句语法填空
①Unfortunately, when we entered the hall, we got ________ (separate)．
②After participating in the summer camp, my confidence got ________ (enhance)．
[写美]——应用文佳句
③得知你被北京大学录取，我写信祝贺你。
____________________________________, I am writing to congratulate you.(现在分词短语作状语)
separated　
enhanced　
Learning that you got admitted to Peking University
7(教材P20)After six months of trying out new ways of relaxing, I feel much more energetic.
尝试新的放松方式六个月后，我感到精力充沛多了。
◎try out试验；测试；试用
try to do sth. 努力做某事
try doing sth. 尝试做某事
try on 试穿
try out for 参加……选拔
[佳句]　When the boy was young, he was always trying out some new ideas.
这个男孩小时候经常尝试一些新想法。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①I tried ________ (persuade) the young naughty boy to be absorbed in his study, but in vain.
②This new sweater looks nice. Can I try it ________？
③I stimulated all the students in the class to try out ________ the basketball team.
to persuade
on
for
8(教材P22)Absorbing stress effectively, however, you must be sure to do something that completely takes your mind off everything else.
然而，要有效地吸收压力，你必须确保做一些能让你完全忘却一切的事情。
◎absorb vt.吸引全部注意力；吸收
(1)absorb one's attention 吸引某人的注意
absorb...from... 从……中吸收……
(2)absorbed adj. 全神贯注的
be absorbed in 全神贯注于
[佳句]　Now that you have realized your time is limited, you should be absorbed in your study.
＝Now that you have realized your time is limited, you should absorb yourself in your study.
既然你已经意识到你的时间有限，你应该专心于你的学习。(应用文之建议信)
[练通]——单句语法填空
①The young tree absorbed some water ________ the earth to survive.
②The mother tried to get her son ________ (absorb) in his lessons.
[写美]——句式升级
③He is absorbed in work so he always forgets all about eating or sleeping.
→_______________， he always forgets all about eating or sleeping. (过去分词短语作状语)
→____________________， he always forgets all about eating or sleeping. (现在分词短语作状语)
from　
absorbed　
Absorbed in work
Absorbing himself in work(共30张PPT)
Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language
Part 1　课堂提升素养
Part 2　语法专项突破
Part 1　课堂提升素养
探究新知　发展语言知识　
1(教材P28)．..promote a harmonious relationship between man and nature.
……促进人与自然和谐相处。
◎harmonious adj.和谐的
(1)harmony n. 和谐；融洽
in harmony with... 与……协调
out of harmony with... 与……不协调
(2)harmoniously adv. 和谐地
[佳句]　As is known to all, a harmonious dormitory life is important to students and benefits all of them.
众所周知，和谐的宿舍生活对学生很重要并且对他们都有好处。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①In order to live __________ (harmony), sometimes you need to make compromises.
②Everyone is responsible for building up a __________ (harmony) society in China.
[写美]——读后续写之升华结尾
③人类生活被认为是自然的一部分，我们存活下去的唯一方法是与自然和谐相处。
Human life is regarded as a part of nature and, the only way for us to survive is ________________________．
harmoniously　
harmonious　
to live in harmony with nature
2(教材P28)According to the report submitted by researchers, between 20 and 25 percent of all annual carbon dioxide emissions are caused by the destruction of tropical forests.
根据研究人员提交的报告，每年20%至25%的二氧化碳排放量是由热带森林的破坏造成的。
◎submit vt.& vi.提交；呈递；屈服
(1)submit to 服从于；屈从于
submit oneself to... 甘受……；服从……
submit...to... 向……提交……
(2)submission n. 提交的文件；屈服；服从
[佳句]　Those who are interested in the summer camp must submit the applications and relevant materials by May 15.
对这次夏令营感兴趣的人必须在5月15日前提交申请书和相关资料。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①Dozens of enterprises ___________ (submit) their plans to reduce their carbon footprint in the past ten days.
②In the past, I frequently submitted myself ________ difficulties but now I can spare no effort to handle them.
[写美]——应用文之告知信
③我们将邀请一位著名的艺术家来教授国画技巧，之后许多学生将提交他们的作品并交流想法。
A famous artist will be invited to teach Chinese painting skills, after which many students will ____________________________．
have submitted
to
submit their works and exchange ideas
3(教材P29)I'm doing a project on behalf of my school about global warming.
我正在代表学校做一个关于全球变暖的项目。
◎on behalf of代表(代替)某人
(1)on behalf of sb.＝on sb.'s behalf 代表某人
(2) represent v. 代表；象征；表示
(3) stand for 代表；象征；支持
[佳句]　My husband could not be here tonight, but I want to thank you on his behalf.
今晚我丈夫不能前来，我代表他向你们致谢。
[写美]——一句多译
我代表学生会写信邀请您给我们做一个关于中国历史的演讲。
①_________________________， I'm writing to invite you to give us a speech on Chinese history.
②_________________________， I'm writing to invite you to give us a speech on Chinese history.
On behalf of the Students' Union
Representing the Students' Union
Part 2　语法专项突破
直接引语和间接引语
[自主感知]
①The expert said that from the position of its dead body, the bear appeared to have starved and died.
②Experts claimed that low sea-ice levels caused by climate change meant the bear could not hunt seals as before...
③The reporter asked, “How can we save polar bears from extinction？”
④Climate scientists have warned that if we do not take appropriate actions, this warming trend will probably continue and there will be a higher price to pay.
⑤“Let's work together to stop climate change，” the expert said.
[自我发现]
1．英语中常用两种方式引用别人说的话。一种是直接引语，如句________和________。
2．另一种是间接引语，如句________、________和________。
③
⑤
①
②
④
[语法规则]
直接引语是直接引述别人的原话，直接引语一般前后要加引号。间接引语是用自己的话对别人的话进行转述，不用引号。
直接引语与间接引语的变化?
1．人称变化
直接引语变间接引语时的人称变化遵循以下原则：
一随主 直接引语中的第一人称变间接引语后与主句主语的人称保持一致 He says, “I like math very much.”
→He says that he likes math very much.
二随宾 直接引语中的第二人称变间接引语后与主句宾语的人称保持一致 He said to Lily, “You must get up early.”
→He told Lily that she must get up early.
三不变 直接引语的第三人称在变间接引语后人称不变 She said to me, “They want to help him.”
→She told me that they wanted to help him.
[巧学助记]　
直接引语变间接引语时的人称变化口诀：
一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新。
[巧学活用1]——补全下列间接引语中的人称
①He said to Jack, “You are the first to reach here today.”
→He told Jack that ________ was the first to reach there that day.
②Linda said to Tim, “I'll go there with you.”
→Linda told Tim that ________ would go there with ________．
③Her husband said to her, “Where did you put my coat？”
→Her husband asked her where ________ had put ________ coat.
④“Why do you cry again, Carol？” asked the teacher.
→The teacher asked Carol why ________ cried again.
⑤He said to Tom, “She can help them.”
→He told Tom that ________ could help ________．
he
she
him
she
his
she
she
them
2．时态变化(主句为一般过去时)
直接引语 间接引语
一般现在时 一般过去时
现在进行时 过去进行时
现在完成时 过去完成时
一般过去时 过去完成时
过去完成时 过去完成时
一般将来时 过去将来时
①His friend said to him, “We are planning to have a picnic.”
→His friend told him that they were planning to have a picnic.
②The organizer said, “We have begun our plan.”
→The organizer said that they had begun their plan.
③He said, “She will go home.”
→He said that she would go home.
[温馨提示]　直接引语变间接引语之特殊时态变化
(1)直接引语是客观真理、谚语和格言时，时态不变。
“The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth，” the teacher told me.
→The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth.
老师告诉我，地球绕着太阳转，月球绕着地球转。
(2)直接引语中有具体的过去时间状语时，时态不变。
Tom said, “I was born on April 21, 1980.”
→Tom said he was born on April 21, 1980.
汤姆说他生于1980年4月21日。
[巧学助记]　
直接引语变成间接引语，主句是陈述句且是过去时态时，其变化口诀是：
去掉引号加that，人称使用要灵活，
时态向后退一个，状语变化按原则。
[巧学活用2]——将下列句子改为间接引语
①He said, “I like it very much.”
→He said that ________________．
②The designer said, “We have begun our project.”
→The designer said that ____________________．
③My father said, “Practice makes perfect.”
→My father said ________________．
④I said, “I will give her some advice tomorrow.”
→I said that ______________________________．
he liked it very much
they had begun their project
practice makes perfect
I would give her some advice the next day
3．指示代词、时间状语、地点状语及方向性动词的变化
引语 用词 直接引语 间接引语
指示 代词 this这个 that那个
these这些 those那些
时间 状语 now现在 then那时
today今天 that day那天
this morning今天上午 that morning那天上午
tonight今天晚上 that night那天晚上
tomorrow明天 the next/following day第二天
yesterday昨天 the day before前一天
last night昨天晚上 the night before前一天晚上
the day before yesterday前天 two days before两天前
three days ago三天前 three days before三天前
next week下一周 the next/following week第二周
ago(至今)以前 before(那时)以前
地点 状语 here这儿 there那儿
方向性动词 bring带来 take带走
come来 go去
①He said, “I opened the window this morning.”
→He said that he had opened the window that morning.
②He said, “We went to the cinema yesterday.”
→He said they had gone to the cinema the day before.
③The manager said to me, “You must go there next week.”
→The manager told me that I had to go there the next week.
④He said, “It is nine o'clock now.”
→He said that it was nine o'clock then.
⑤“Are you leaving today or tomorrow？” Joan asked Kate.
→ Joan asked Kate if/whether she was leaving that day or the next day.
⑥He said, “My sister was here three days ago.”
→He said that his sister had been there three days before.
⑦“When you come here, will you please bring a dictionary？” the editor said to the worker.
→The editor asked whether the worker would take a dictionary when he went there.
[巧学活用3]——将下列句子改为间接引语
①“She was here one week ago.” said John.
→John said that ____________________________.
②“He is coming tonight，” my mother said to me.
→My mother told me that ___________________.
③They said, “We arrived this morning.”
→They said that ______________________.
④He said, “I brought it home with me.”
→He said that _______________________.
⑤Jim said, “I went to help my parents yesterday.”
→Jim said that _________________________________.
she had been there one week before
he was coming that night
they had arrived that morning
he had taken it home with him
he had gone to help his parents the day before
4．连接词和语序变化
句式 连接词 语序
陈述句 that或省略 不变
一般疑问句 引述动词后加上if或whether 陈述语序
特殊疑问句 连接词不变 陈述语序
祈使句 无连接词 不变
①He said to me, “You can help her.”
→He said to me (that) I could help her.
②He asked her，“Do you love me？”
→He asked her whether/if she loved him.
③He asked me，“What color do you like？”
→He asked me what color I liked.
④He shouted, “Lily, close the door.”
→He told Lily to close the door.
⑤He said to me, “Don't be late.”
→He asked me not to be late.
[巧学助记]　直接引语变成间接引语时，句式和语序变化口诀：
直引一般疑问句，助动词语全去掉，
if/whether替引号，陈述语序要记牢，
直引若为祈使句，引述动后to需要，
直引否定祈使句， to前not少不了。
[巧学活用4]——将下列句子改为间接引语
①Mary wrote in her letter，“Mr Liu, when will you come to America？”
→Mary asked in her letter ____________________________．
②“Where are you going？” the father asked his son.
→The father asked his son ________________．
③The teacher said, “Were you at school when I called you？”
→The teacher asked _________________________________．
④“Listen to the teacher carefully in class！” said Mr Wang to his son.
→Mr Wang told his son ____________________________．
⑤“Don't make any noise，” said Mrs Gao to the children.
→Mrs Gao told the children _________________．
when Mr Liu would come to America
where he was going
if/whether I was at school when she called me
to listen to the teacher carefully in class
not to make any noise(共25张PPT)
Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language
Part 1课堂提升素养
Part 2语法专项突破
Part 1课堂提升素养
探究新知　发展语言知识　
1(教材P16)We need to make up our minds and show some discipline, and make small changes over time.
我们需要下定决心，约束自己的行为，逐渐做一些小的改变。
◎make up one's mind下定决心
change one's mind 改变主意
read one's mind 看出某人的心思
bear/keep/have sth. in mind 记住某事
with sth. in mind 记住某事
come into one's mind 进入某人的脑海
[佳句]　
I have made up my mind to study harder and make greater progress so as to be a great person as you.
为了成为像你一样伟大的人，我已经下定决心更加努力学习，取得更大进步。
[写美]——完成句子
①你必须记住，一旦你下定决心，在达到最初的目标之前，你绝不能改变主意。(应用文之建议信)
You must ___________ that once you have ________________， you mustn't ________________ until you achieve your initial goal.
②毕业后他们决心到农村安家落户。
After graduation, they __________________________ in the countryside.
③突然，一个可怕的念头出现在我的脑海里。(读后续写之心理描写)
All of a sudden, a terrible thought ________________．
keep in mind
made up your mind
change your mind
made up their minds to go and settle
came into my mind
2(教材P16)Life is composed of many elements, such as family, friends, study, work, entertainment and so on.
生活是由许多要素组成的，如家庭、朋友、学习、工作和娱乐等。
◎compose vt.& vi.组成；作曲；撰写
(1) 由……组成(或构成)
(2)composition n. 组成；构成；作曲；作品
composer n. 作曲家
[佳句]　He was the first Russian composer whose music made a lasting impression internationally.(应用文之人物介绍)
他是第一位在国际上留下深刻印象的俄罗斯作曲家。
[写美]——一句多译
由个人或集体朗诵和才艺表演组成的中国古典文学朗诵比赛受到所有学生的欢迎。
①A Chinese Classical Literature Recitation contest ________________
_________________ reciting Chinese classical literature individually or in a group and talent shows is popular with all the students.(定语从句)
②A Chinese Classical Literature Recitation contest ________________
____________ reciting Chinese classical literature individually or in a group and talent shows is popular with all the students.(分词作定语)
which is composed of/
is made up of/consists of
composed of/made up
of/consisting of
3(教材P16)Make small changes each day and your lifestyle will become healthier.
每天做出小的改变，你的生活方式就会变得更加健康。
◎句型公式：祈使句＋and＋陈述句
(1)祈使句＋and＋陈述句＝If...＋主句
(2)祈使句＋or/otherwise/or else＋陈述句＝If...not＋主句
(3)名词词组＋and＋陈述句
[佳句]　Form good habits of learning and you will improve your learning efficiency.
养成良好的学习习惯，就能提高学习效率。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①A bit more effort, and you ________ (make) more progress in your English learning.
②Work hard __________ you will fall behind other students.
[写美]——句型转换
③If you make full preparations for exams, you will achieve high academic performances.
→_____________________________ you will achieve high academic performances. (祈使句＋and＋陈述句)
→___________________________， you will achieve high academic performances.(分词作状语)
will make
or/otherwise
Make full preparations for exams and
Making full preparations for exams
4(教材P17)It was not polite to disturb your neighbours with loud music last night.
昨晚用吵闹的音乐打扰邻居是不礼貌的。
◎disturb vt.打扰；搅乱；使烦恼
disturbed adj. 心神不安的；心烦意乱的；烦恼的
disturbing adj. 令人不安的；令人烦恼的
undisturbed adj. 未受干扰的；未被打搅的
[佳句]　I hate to disturb you, but I have to tell you something important.
我不想打扰你，但是我必须告诉你一些重要的事情。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①He felt ________ (disturb) when he heard his mother was ill.
②We can't focus on our homework because of the ________ (disturb) noise.
disturbed　
disturbing
Part 2语法专项突破
动词不定式作主语
[自主感知]
①However, during this period, it can be easy for some of them to form bad habits.
②To prevent harmful habits like these from dominating a teenager's life is essential.
③To change bad habits is never easy, even with many attempts.
④After all, it is not easy to break bad habits.
[自我发现]
1．以上句子中动词不定式都是作________。
2．句①和句④中it作________，真正的主语是后面的____________。
主语
形式主语
动词不定式
[语法规则]
动词不定式作主语通常表示个别的、具体的、一次性的或者具有将来含义的动作，并且句子谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。常见的动词不定式作主语的情况主要有三类：
一、动词不定式直接作主语?
动词不定式具有名词的特征，可在句子中充当主语。
①To know something about English is one thing; to know English is quite another.
懂一些英语是一回事；掌握英语完全是另一回事。
②To love and to be loved is the greatest happiness one can get.
爱与被爱是一个人能获得的最大幸福。
③To look after these naughty boys is really difficult.
照看这些淘气的男孩真的很难。
[温馨提示]　
动词不定式和动词-ing形式作主语的区别
(1)动词不定式：表示具体的某次动作，特别是将来的动作。
To teach you the uses of the infinitive is my job today. (表示具体行为)
教你们不定式的用法是我今天的工作。
(2)动词-ing形式： 表示比较抽象的、经常性的、一般性动作。
Teaching is my job. (表示抽象行为)
教学是我的工作。
[巧学活用1]——单句语法填空
①________ (finish) reading the book will take you two hours.
②________ (pay) a visit to the Forbidden City is my dream.
③To improve people's lives and to speed up socialist construction ________ (be) two important tasks today.
④________ (stay) up too late is a bad habit for our health.
To finish
To pay
are
Staying
二、it作形式主语句型?
1．It is＋形容词(＋for/of sb.)＋to do sth.
①It is necessary for us to master a foreign language.
我们有必要掌握一门外语。
②It is very kind of you to help us.
你帮助我们真是太好了。
[温馨提示]　区别for与of
(1)“for sb.”的句型常用来表示事物的特征，用于表示客观情况的形容词，如easy、 hard、 difficult、 interesting、 impossible等。
It's very hard for him to study two languages.
对他来说学两门语言是很难的。
(2)“of sb.”的句型一般用来表示人物的性格、品质，用于表示主观感情或态度的形容词，如good、 kind、 nice、 clever、 foolish、 right等。
It was careless of him to make such a mistake.
＝He was careless to make such a mistake.
犯了这样的错误，他太粗心了。
2．It is＋a/an/one's＋名词(如a pity/a shame/a pleasure/one's duty/an honor...)＋to do sth.
It's a great honor to be invited to your birthday party.
很荣幸被邀请参加你的生日聚会。
3．It takes/costs/requires/makes sb./sth. to do sth.
It took me two hours to finish the work.
我完成这项工作用了两个小时。
[温馨提示]　在“It is＋no use/no good/useless/fun/enjoyable/tiring/interesting/foolish/nice/a waste of time/a pleasure...”句型中常用动词-ing形式作真正的主语。
It is no use waiting here doing nothing.
无所事事地在这里等待是没有用的。
[巧学活用2]——单句语法填空
①[2022·新高考卷Ⅰ应用文]It is my pleasure ________ (invite) you to our English show “Talk and Talk” which will be conducted at 6 a．m. this Friday.
②It is good manners for the young ________ (give) their seats to the old.
③It is my ambition ________ (make) sure that the disabled people have access to all public buildings.
④It is no use ________ (argue) with him, for he is so stubborn.
to invite
to give
to make
arguing
三、“疑问词＋动词不定式(短语)”结构?
动词不定式(短语)可与疑问词when、 where、 how、 what、 which、 who等组合，在句中作主语。
①Where to hold the meeting is still unknown.
会议地点还未知。
②How to solve the problem has not been decided yet.
如何解决这个问题还未确定。
[巧学活用3]——单句语法填空
①How ________ (cure) this kind of illness is still unknown.
②Whether ________ (do) it or not has not been decided.
③How ________ (deal) with this case hasn't been known yet.
to cure
to do
to deal(共14张PPT)
单元知识回顾与提升 1
闪卡展示　快速高效
Ⅰ.请快速写出下列单词的汉语意思
1．realistic adj. ________________
2．realism n. ________________
3．realist n. ________________
4．primitive adj. ________________
n. ________________
5．humanistic adj. ________________
6．humanity n. ________________
7．client n. ________________
8．photography n. ________________
现实的；逼真的
逼真；现实主义；务实作风
现实主义画家(或作家等)；现实主义者
发展水平低的；原始的；远古的　
文艺复兴前的艺术家(或作品)
人文主义的
人性；人道；(统称)人类
委托人；当事人；客户
照相术；摄影
9．subjective adj. ________________
10．outer adj. ________________
11．subsequent adj. ________________
12．pond n. ________________
13．arched adj. ________________
14．arch vt. & vi. ________________
n. ________________
15．ink n. ________________
主观的
外表的；外边的；外围的
随后的；后来的；之后的
池塘；水池
拱形的；弓形的
呈弧形横跨；(使)成弓形
拱；拱形结构；拱门
墨水；墨汁；油墨
16．animation n. ________________
17．frame n. ________________
vt. ________________
18．symphony n. ________________
19．civil adj. ________________
20．contemporary adj. ________________
n. ________________
(电脑、录像)动画制作；动画片
画面；框架
给……镶框；陷害
交响乐；交响曲
国民的；民用的；民事的
当代的；现代的；属同时期的
同代人；同辈人
Ⅱ.请快速拼写下列单词
1．__________ n. 重大进展；突破
2．________ n. 名誉；名声
3．________ n. 贵族成员；出身高贵的人
adj. 崇高的；宏伟的；高贵的
4．________ n. 地位；级别；行列
vt.& vi. 把……分等级；使排成行
5．________ vt. 购买；采购
n. 购买；购买的东西
6．________ vi.& vt. 出现；浮现；暴露
7．________ n. 日出
8．________ vt. 表达；传递(思想、感情等)；传送
breakthrough　
reputation　
noble　
rank　
purchase　
emerge　
sunrise　
convey　
9．________ adj. 喜爱
10．________ adj. 视觉的；视力的
11．________ n. 新娘
12．________ adj. 永久的；永恒的；长久的
13．________ n. 纪念碑(或像等)；纪念物；纪念品
adj. 纪念的；悼念的
14．________ adj. 谦逊的；虚心的；卑微的
15．________ n. (数量、价格、质量等的)减少；下降；衰落
vi.& vt. 减少；下降；衰落；谢绝
16．________ n. 花瓶；装饰瓶
17．________ vt. 保证；确保；肯定……必然发生
n. 保证；保修单；担保物
18．________ adj. 值得……的；有价值的
fond　
visual　
bride　
permanent　
memorial　
humble　
decline　
vase　
guarantee　
worthy
Ⅲ.请快速检验下列拓展词
1．________ adj.准确的；精确的→________ adv.准确地；精确地；的确如此
2．________ adj.有很大影响力的；有支配力的→________ n．& vt.影响
3．________ n．照相术；摄影→________ n．摄影师→________ n．照片　vt.& vi.(为……)拍照
4．________ n．投资额；投资；(时间、精力的)投入→________ v．投资
5．________ (NAmE-ize) vi.& vt.批评；指责；评价→________ n．批评；指责；评论
precise
precisely　
influential
influence　
photography
photographer
photograph　
investment
invest　
criticise
criticism　
6．__________ adj.典型的；有代表性的　n．代表→________ vt.代表；象征；描绘
7．________ n．展览；(技能、感情或行为的)表演→________ v．展示；陈列；展览
8．________ adj.艺术的；艺术家的→________ n．艺术家→art n．艺术
9．________ n.加入；进入；参与；参赛作品→________ vt.进入；登记
10．________ n．承认；认出；赞誉→________ vt.辨认出；承认；公认
11．________ n．扩张；扩展；扩大→________ vt.扩展；扩大；(使)膨胀
representative
represent　
exhibition
exhibit　
artistic
artist　
entry
enter　
recognition
recognize　
expansion
expand
Ⅳ.请快速写出下列短语
1．He ____________ (喜欢) adopting a humanistic approach to caring for people.
2．He was strong and powerful, because of which he was ____________ (使与众不同) others.
3．We could not ____________ (集中精力于) our studies because of the noisy people outside.
4．If you have no idea how you work out the problem, you can _______ (求助于) your teacher.
5．Students showed great interest in the ancient Chinese art ____________ (在展出)．
is fond of
set apart from
concentrate on
turn to
on show/display
6．In time, he _______________ (被公认为) one of the greatest artists China has ever known.
7．It is recognised that traditional Chinese customs ____________ (值得) being spread all over the world.
8．Our English teacher is so humourous and knowledgeable that he really _______ English _______ (使……鲜活起来) for us.
9．You'd better behave properly, minding your table manners ____________ (尤其)．
gained recognition as
are worthy of
brings
to life
in particular
Ⅴ.请快速背诵下列课文原句
1．Finally, most clients wanted paintings that ____________________________．
最后，大多数客户想要既美丽又有趣的画。
2．During the Middle Ages, the purpose of Western art ________________ about Christianity.
在中世纪，西方艺术的目的是把基督教教给人们。
3．He sought to show _____________________________， but their inner warmth and humanity as well.
他努力要表现的不只是绘画题材的外在形象，还有它们内在的温情和人性。
were beautiful and interesting to look at
was to teach people
not just the outer image of his subjects
4．_________________________________, they showed real people in a real environment.
虽然他的画作仍然有宗教主题，但这些作品展示了真实环境中的真实人物。
5．Our goal is ____________________________ from ancient times.
我们的目标是展示中国古代的艺术天赋。
6．Some of the items on display ____________________ the collection of Emperor Qianlong (1711－1799), a great admirer of Shang Dynasty bronze.
部分展品被认为来自乾隆皇帝(1711－1799)的收藏， 乾隆皇帝是商代青铜器的崇拜者。
While his paintings still had religious themes
to display the Chinese artistic genius
are thought to have come from
7．Chinese sculpture thus ______________________ by Buddhist art brought from India and Central Asia through the Silk Road.
因此，中国雕塑受到通过丝绸之路从印度和中亚传来的佛教艺术的极大影响。
8．Even though Buddhism entered China much earlier, it _________________________________ the seventh century.
尽管佛教进入中国的时间要早得多，但直到7世纪其影响力才真正开始扩大。
found itself highly influenced
did not really begin to show expansion until(共12张PPT)
单元知识回顾与提升 2
闪卡展示　快速高效
Ⅰ.请快速写出下列单词的汉语意思
1．tobacco n. ________________
2．alcohol n. ________________
3．facilitate vt. ________________
4．negative adj. ________________
5．escalator n. ________________
6．pessimistic adj. ________________
7．discipline n. ________________
vt. ________________
8．pill n. ________________
9．surgeon n. ________________
烟草；烟叶
酒；酒精
促进；促使；使便利
消极的；有害的；否定的
自动扶梯；滚梯
悲观的；悲观主义的
自制力；纪律；学科
自我控制；管教；处罚
药丸；药片
外科医生
10．surgery n. ________________
11．shave vi.& vt.& n. ________________
12．beard n. ________________
13．drug n. ________________
14．flu n. ________________
15．stimulate vt. ________________
16．sugary adj. ________________
17．nut n. ________________
18．skateboard n. ________________
vi. ________________
19．dynamic adj. ________________
20．bowling n. ________________
21．comedy n. ________________
外科手术；外科学
剃(须发)；刮脸
胡须；络腮胡子
毒品；药物
流感
激发；促进；刺激
含糖的；甜的
坚果
滑板
滑滑板
充满活力的；精力充沛的；动态的
保龄球运动
喜剧；喜剧片；滑稽节目
Ⅱ.请快速拼写下列单词
1．________ n. 滥用；虐待；辱骂
vt. 滥用；虐待；辱骂
2．________ vt.& vi. 支配；控制；占有优势
3．________ n. 提示；暗示；信号
vt. 给(某人)暗示(或提示)
4．________ vt. (仔细)检查；审查；测验
5．________ n. 解放；摆脱
6．________ n. 香烟；卷烟
abuse　
dominate　
cue　
examine　
liberation
cigarette　
7．________ vt. 跳过；不参加；悄悄溜走
vi. 蹦蹦跳跳地走；跳绳
n. 蹦跳
8．________ adj. 头晕目眩的
9．________ n. 牙科医生
10．________ adv.& adj. 每月；每月一次的
n. 月刊
11．________ vt. 提高；增强；增进
skip　
dizzy　
dentist　
monthly　
enhance
Ⅲ.请快速检验下列拓展词
1．________ adj.身体的；客观存在的；物理学的→________ adv.身体上；肉体上
2．________ adv.重复地→________ adj.重复的→________ vt.重复→________ n．重复
3．________ n．回报；奖励；报酬　vt.奖励；奖赏；给以报酬→________ adj.有益的；有意义的；报酬高的
4．________ vi.依赖；依靠；信赖→________ adj.可信赖的；可靠的
5．________ vt.& vi.组成；作曲；撰写→________ n．作曲家
physical
physically　
repeatedly
repeated
repeat
repetition　
reward
rewarding　
rely
reliable
compose
composer　
6．________ vt.打扰；搅乱；使烦恼→________ adj.引起烦恼的；令人不安的
7．________ n．专科医生；专家→________ adj.特别的；专门的→________ adv.特别地；专门
8．________ n．顾问；高级顾问医师→________ vt.& vi.请教；咨询　vt.查阅；参考
9．________ vt.使恢复精力；使凉爽；刷新→________ adj.令人振奋的→________ n．焕发精神；恢复活力
10．________ vt.吸引全部注意力；吸收→________ adj.专心致志的；全神贯注的
disturb
disturbing　
specialist
special
specially　
consultant
consult　
refresh
refreshing
refreshment　
absorb
absorbed
Ⅳ.请快速写出下列短语
1．Since I have little knowledge of computers, I can only _______ (依靠) you to give me some help.
2．Hearing the news that her parents would return from work soon, the girl jumped with joy ____________ (立刻)．
3．After comparing the prices and styles of those shoes, the customer finally _________ (决定) the black shoes.
4．I ____________ (下定决心) to shoulder my own responsibility to support the family.
rely on
straight away
decided on
made up my mind
5．Our team ____________ (由……组成) three scientists, a guide and two soldiers who protected our safety.
6．My sister has been feeling very ____________ (焦虑不安) since she started her new job because it is really challenging.
7．I'm sorry to hear that you are ____________ (遭受) pressure from College Entrance Examination.
8．The young girl, the manager's daughter, will be ____________ (控制；掌握) the company next month.
was composed of
stressed out
suffering from
in control of
Ⅴ.请快速背诵下列课文原句
1．________________， they become more independent and start making their own decisions.
随着青少年的成长，他们变得更加独立，开始自己做决定。
2．These bad habits, ________________， could lead to more serious ones when they become adults.
这些坏习惯，如果放任不管，长大后可能会导致更严重的后果。
3．_________________________ the philosophy of Aristotle: “We are what we repeatedly do.”
有一句基于亚里士多德哲学思想的名言：“重复的行为造就了我们。”
As teenagers grow up
if left unchecked
There is a famous saying based on
4．In fact, the most successful way to change is ___________， ___________________．
事实上，最成功的改变方式不是一蹴而就的，而是要经过一段时间。
5．_________________________， I brought snacks from home, things that didn't have any added sugar: fruit, nuts, dried meat, etc.
无论何时我和朋友出去，我都会从家里带一些零食，一些没有添加任何糖分的东西：水果、坚果、肉干等。
6．I got _____________ I played the games day and night.
我太投入了，以至我日日夜夜都在玩游戏。
7．________________________， spend more time with my dad, and get to meet new friends.
通过攀岩，我变得神清气爽，并且有更多的时间和爸爸待在一起，还认识了新朋友。
not suddenly
but over a period of time
Whenever I went out with friends
so absorbed that
I get refreshed through climbing(共40张PPT)
Section Ⅲ　Using Language
Part 1 课前预习设计
Part 2课堂提升素养
Part 1 课前预习设计
自读课文　疏通文脉大意
Read the text on Pages 44～45 carefully and then choose the best answer.
1．How did the sailors cheer themselves up
A．By enjoying meals and music.
B．By imagining beautiful things.
C．By looking out over the ocean.
D．By sailing around the island.
A
2．What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 4
A．Illnesses. B．Hunger.
C．Weather.　 D．Clothes.
A
3．What was it that helped the sailors survive
A．Adequate food.　　 B．Excellent life skills.
C．Fearless spirit.　　 D．Positive attitude.
D
4．What is the sailors' attitude to Shackleton
A．Respectful.　 B．Grateful.
C．Sympathetic.　 D．Negative.
B
精读课文　疏通理解障碍
[读文清障]
①sail away 远航
②ahead of 在……前面
③desperate adj.绝望的
desperation n．绝望；拼命；铤而走险
④cheer sb. up 使某人振作起来
⑤fall into a(n)．..pattern 陷入……模式
⑥make fire 生火
⑦give off 放出(热、光、气味或气体)
⑧oily adj.油的， 油脂的
⑨note v．记录；注解
n．笔记；音符；纸币；便笺
take note of注意到
note down记录；记下
⑩pretty well 几乎
sea creatures海洋生物
starve vt.& vi.(使)挨饿；饿死
freeze v．(使)冻结， 结冰
discipline n．纪律
team spirit 团队精神
optimistic adj.乐观的
deal with 处理
in a(n)．..way 以……的方式
episode
['ep s d] n.(人生的)一段经历；(小说的)片段；插曲
optimism n．乐观
(21)faith n．信任
faithful adj.忠实的， 忠诚的；守信的
(22)pay sb. back 报答， 报复；偿还
(23)commitment
[k 'm tm nt]n. 承诺；保证；奉献
make a commitment做出承诺
committed adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的
commit v．犯(错误、罪等)；承担义务， 使做出保证；投入
[原文呈现]
THE REWARD FOR PERSEVERANCE
We watched as Shackleton and the boat sailed away① from Elephant Island. It was easy to imagine the danger ahead of② them. [1] Would they ever return to find us What might happen to them What if they were delayed [2] We felt so alone and desperate③.But it was not for long. There was nothing like a good dinner and some music to cheer us up④.
[1]本句中It作形式主语， 不定式作真正的主语。
[2]“What if...”为省略结构， 意为“如果……会怎样”， 在本句中引出虚拟语气。
Life fell into a regular pattern⑤. Staying alive took all our time and energy. For example, we needed water, and Elephant Island had none. We found that we could melt ice from the ocean and drink the water from it. But how could we make fire⑥？ There were no trees growing on Antarctica [3] and no oil, so the only fuel we could use [4] was animal fat. This gave off⑦ oily⑧， black smoke, but it stayed burning even in strong winds.
[3]此处是现在分词短语作定语， 修饰trees。
[4]此处是省略了引导词that的定语从句， 修饰先行词fuel, 引导词在从句中作宾语。
Food was also a problem, as we did not find any vegetables or fruit on the island [5]. One of our group members, Lionel Greenstreet, noted⑨in his diary about how bored he was with the meals [6]：“The food now is pretty well⑩ all meat of sea creatures .” If it weren't for sea animals, we would all starve . [7] As a chef, it was my duty to cook, so I tried to vary the meals in whatever way I could.But it was difficult.
[5]此处是as引导的原因状语从句。
[6]此处是how引导的宾语从句。
[7]本句是if引导的虚拟条件句， 表示与现在事实不符的假设。
We had to be careful not to go outside too often, as the changing temperatures could make us ill. It was almost as dangerous to become too hot from wearing too many clothes as to become too cold from wearing too few.The sweat could freeze very quickly. Many of us also became ill from the black smoke of the animal fat we burnt for our fires [8]. It damaged our eyes and burnt our lungs.
[8]此处是省略了引导词that/which的定语从句， 修饰先行词fat。
The twenty-two of us lived like this in the cold for four months. Our discipline and team spirit kept us optimistic and helped us deal with our fears in a positive and successful way . We also celebrated our birthdays, festivals, and even the times when we caught a sea animal [9].This was an episode in my life that I would never forget [10].
[9]此处是when引导的定语从句。
[10]此处是that引导的定语从句， 修饰an episode。
When we were finally rescued, we felt such relief and joy that many of us could not hide our tears. [11]We were at last free to go home to warm beds, good food, and the care of our family and friends. Our optimism and faith21 in Shackleton had helped us persevere in staying alive. And he paid us back22 by his commitment23 to save us from a slow but painful death.
[11]本句中When引导时间状语从句， “such...that...”引导结果状语从句。
[课文翻译]
对坚持不懈的奖赏
我们看着沙克尔顿和小船驶离象岛。很容易想象他们面前的危险。他们还会回来找我们吗？他们会怎么样呢？如果他们被耽搁了怎么办？我们感到无比孤独和绝望。不过这种情况时间不长。没有什么比得上一顿好饭和一些音乐能让我们振作起来的。
生活有了规律。活下去花了我们所有的时间和精力。例如， 我们需要水， 而象岛没有。我们发现我们可以使海洋里的冰融化， 喝来自海洋的水。但是我们怎么生火呢？南极洲没有树木生长， 也没有石油， 所以我们唯一能使用的燃料就是动物脂肪。它散发出油腻的黑烟， 但即使在强风中它仍在燃烧。
食物也是个问题， 因为在岛上我们没有找到任何蔬菜和水果。我们小组的一名成员莱昂内尔·格林斯特里特在他的日记中记录了他对现有食物的厌倦：“现在的食物基本上都是海洋生物的肉。”要不是有海洋动物， 我们都会饿死。作为一名厨师， 做饭是我的职责， 所以我尽可能用任何我能想到的方法来改变食物， 但这很难。
我们必须小心， 不要经常外出， 因为温度的变化会使我们生病。因为穿太多衣服而太热和因为穿太少而太冷几乎是同样危险的。汗水很快就会凝结。我们中的许多人也因为燃烧动物脂肪产生的黑烟而生病。它损害了我们的眼睛， 灼伤了我们的肺。
我们22个人就这样在寒冷中生活了四个月。我们的纪律和团队精神使我们保持乐观， 并帮助我们以积极和成功的方式应对我们的恐惧。我们也庆祝我们的生日、节日， 甚至庆祝我们捕获海洋动物的时刻。这是我一生中永远不会忘记的一段经历。
当我们最终获救时， 我们如释重负， 感到无比喜悦， 以至许多人哭了起来。我们终于可以自由地回家了， 有温暖的床， 好吃的食物， 还有家人和朋友的关心。我们的乐观和对沙克尔顿的信心帮助我们坚持生存下去。他也兑现了他的承诺， 将我们从缓慢而痛苦的死亡中拯救了出来。
自查语基　落实基本知能
Ⅰ.核心词汇
根据语境写出正确的单词
1．a ________ dog　 一条忠实的狗
2．the perfect ________ for the job
这项工作的最佳人选
3．start the ________ 启动发动机
loyal　
candidate　
motor
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．________ [r f] adj.汹涌的；粗糙的；粗略的→roughly adv.粗略地
2．__________ [k 'm tm nt] n．承诺；保证；奉献→commit v．犯(错误、罪行等)；保证；投入→committed adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的
3．________ ['m t v] n．动机；原因；目的→motivation n．动机
rough　
commitment　
motive
Ⅲ.重点短语
1．____________ 生火
2．____________ 放出(热、光、气味或气体)
3．____________ 在……前面
4．____________　 使……振作
5．____________ 陷入……
6．____________　 对……厌倦
7．____________　 报名参加
8．____________ 精神状态很好
make fire
give off
ahead of
cheer...up
fall into
be bored with
sign up for
in good spirits
Ⅳ.重点句型
1．[句型]if引导虚拟条件句
[教材] If it weren't for sea animals, we ____________．
如果没有海洋动物， 我们都会饿死。
2．[句型]There be＋主语＋非谓语动词
[教材]____________________ on Antarctica and no oil, so the only fuel we could use was animal fat.
南极洲没有树木生长， 也没有石油， 所以我们唯一能使用的燃料就是动物脂肪。
would all starve
There were no trees growing
3．[句型]感叹句
[教材]______________________ when I come back and tell them about the amazing places I have been to!
当我回来告诉他们我去过的那些神奇的地方时， 大家会多么羡慕我啊！
4．[句型]as...as...意为“和……一样”， 表示同级比较
[教材]How could I become _______________________ Thomas Orde-Lees!
我怎么能变得像托马斯·奥德利斯一样自私和脾气暴躁呢！
5．[句型]such...that...如此……以至……
When we were finally rescued, we felt ____________________many of us could not hide our tears.
当我们最终获救时， 我们感到非常轻松， 欣喜万分， 以至于我们中有许多人无法掩饰自己的眼泪。
How everyone will envy me
as selfish and bad tempered as
such relief and joy that
Part 2课堂提升素养
探究新知　发展语言知识　
1(教材P44)We found that we could melt ice from the ocean and drink the water from it. But how could we make fire
我们发现， 我们可以融化海洋里的冰， 喝下海洋里的水。但是我们怎么生火呢？
◎make fire 生火
be on fire　 着火了
catch fire 着火
set sth. on fire＝set fire to sth. 放火烧某物
play with fire 玩火；冒险
[佳句]　Every year on that day folks mourn for Qu Yuan and eat cold meals, which avoids making fire.
每年的那一天人们哀悼屈原， 吃冷食， 这就避免了生火。
[写美]——应用文佳句/一句多译
①橱柜十分钟前突然着火了。换句话说， 橱柜已经着火十分钟了。
The cupboard suddenly ____________________. In other words, the cupboard ________________________．
②如果你要接近一位脾气暴躁的人， 你妈妈或许会告诉你“不要玩火”。
If you are about to approach a bad-tempered man, your mother might tell you not _____________．
③我试图用火柴点燃木头， 但是只冒出了烟。
I attempted __________________________， but produced only smoke.
I attempted __________________________， but produced only smoke.
caught fire ten minutes ago
has been on fire for ten minutes
to play with fire
to set fire to the wood with a match
to set the wood on fire with a match
2(教材P44)There were no trees growing on Antarctica and no oil, so the only fuel we could use was animal fat.
南极洲没有树木生长， 也没有石油， 所以我们唯一能使用的燃料就是动物脂肪。
◎句型公式：There be＋主语＋非谓语动词
(1)There be＋主语＋doing(表示主动和进行)；
(2)There be＋主语＋done(表示被动或完成)；
(3)There be＋主语＋to do(表示动作尚未发生)。
[佳句]　There is evidence suggesting that the trend is growing.
有证据表明这一趋势正在增长。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①There are still many problems __________ (solve)before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.
②In 1812, the year Charles Dickens was born, there were 66 novels ________ (publish) in Britain.
to be solved
published
3(教材P44)This gave off oily, black smoke, but it stayed burning even in strong winds.
它散发出油腻的黑烟， 但即使在强风中它仍在燃烧。
◎give off 放出(热、光、气味或气体)
give away　 捐献；赠送；颁发；泄露(秘密)
give back 归还
give in 屈服， 让步；交上
give up 放弃
give out 分发；发出(光、热、信号等)；公布；精疲力竭
[佳句]　Bicycles are environmentally friendly because they won't give off waste gas.
自行车不会排放废气， 因此他们是环保的。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①The rotting bananas are giving ________a bad smell, so you'd better throw them away.
②With great perseverance, I will never give ________ to any hardship. Neither will I give ________ my dream of being admitted to Peking University.
③Mrs Meredith was a most kind and thoughtful woman. When she had time, she would give ________ food and medicine to the poor.
[写美]——应用文佳句
④为了创建一个生态友好的校园， 学生会呼吁高三学生把他们用过的书捐赠出去。
To create an eco-friendly campus, the Student Association appeals to Senior Three students ______________________．
off　
in
up
out
to give away their used books
4(教材P44)If it weren't for sea animals, we would all starve.
要不是有海洋动物， 我们都会饿死。
◎句型公式：if引导虚拟条件句
虚拟条件句 主句
与现在事实 相反的假设 动词的过去式(be动词一般用were) would/could/should/
might＋动词原形
与过去事实 相反的假设 had＋过去分词 would/could/should/
might＋have＋过去分词
与将来事实 相反的假设 (1)动词的过去式 (2)were to＋动词原形 (3)should＋动词原形 would/could/should/
might＋动词原形
[佳句]　If I were a dustman, I would make our city cleaner with no rubbish lying on the street.
如果我是一名环卫工人， 我会让我们的城市更干净， 街上没有任何垃圾。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①If I ________ (be) you, I would certainly make good use of the time to improve my performance at school and prepare myself well for the future.
②If you should accept my application, I __________ (spare) no effort to commit myself to your satisfaction.
③If I had followed my teacher's advice, I ____________ (win) the first prize in the competition.
[写美]——应用文之感谢信
④要不是你的帮助， 我就不会在英语写作比赛中获得一等奖。
______________________， I wouldn't have won the first prize in the English Writing Competition.
were　
would spare
would have won
If it hadn't been for your help
5(教材P45)When we were finally rescued, we felt such relief and joy that many of us could not hide our tears.
当我们最终获救时， 我们如释重负， 感到无比喜悦， 以至许多人哭了起来。
◎句型公式：“such...that...”意为“如此……以至……”
(1)“such...that...”句型的常见形式：
(2)“so...that...”句型的常见形式：
(3)当so/such及其后成分放在句首时， 主句用部分倒装。
[佳句]　He has made such great progress that the teachers are pleased with him.
他取得了如此大的进步， 以至老师们对他很满意。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①They are ________ interesting novels that I want to read them once again.
②There were ________ many people in the street watching the big fire that firefighters could not get close to the building.
[写美]——句式升级
③The volleyball match is so important that everyone should arrive at our school stadium ahead of schedule.
→_____________________________ everyone should arrive at our school stadium ahead of schedule.(倒装句)
such
so
So important is the volleyball match that
6(教材P45)And he paid us back by his commitment to save us from a slow but painful death.
他也兑现了他的承诺， 将我们从缓慢而痛苦的死亡中拯救了出来。
◎commitment n．承诺；保证；奉献
(1)make a commitment to do/doing sth. 承诺做某事
(2)commit v. 犯(错误、罪行等)；保证；投入
commit a crime/mistake 犯罪/犯错误
commit sb./oneself to (doing) sth. 承诺(做)某事
committed adj. 尽心尽力的；坚定的
be committed to (doing) sth. 承诺/全身心地投入(做)某事
[佳句]　He made a commitment that he would attend the ceremony on behalf of his school.
他承诺会代表学校出席典礼。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①I strongly suggest that you commit an hour to ________ (read)the newspaper every morning.
②Tom is a ________ (commit) member of the team and is highly thought of by other players.
[写美]——一句多译
我已承诺会全力帮助你学习英语。
③I ____________________thoroughly help you with your English study.
④I ____________________ thoroughly helping you with your English study.
⑤I __________________ thoroughly helping you with your English study.
reading　
committed　
have made a commitment to
have committed myself to
have been committed to(共14张PPT)
Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language
语法专项突破
动词不定式(短语)作表语
[自主感知]
①Perhaps the best way to understand Western art is to look at the development of Western painting over the centuries.
②During the Middle Ages, the purpose of Western art was to teach people about Christianity.
③In this work, Monet's aim was to convey the light and movement in the scene...
[自我发现]
1．在以上句子中，动词不定式都是作________，表示具体的事情或将要发生的事情。
2．动词不定式(短语)作表语的结构为“______________________________”。
表语
系动词be＋to do/系动词be＋to be done
[语法规则]
一、动词不定式(短语)作表语的用法?
动词不定式可以放在be, become, sound, taste等系动词后面作表语。具体用法如下：
1．常见的动词不定式作表语，一般紧跟在系动词如be、 seem、 remain、 appear、 get等后面，用来说明主语的内容。
①Her wish is to become a key college student after graduation.
她的愿望是毕业后成为一所重点大学的学生。
②Whether the medicine works remains to be seen.
这种药是否有效还有待观察。
③The efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be paying off.
坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局所做的努力似乎正在得到回报。
2．主语是以way, aim, duty, hope, dream, idea, intention, purpose, mistake, plan, proposal, job, suggestion, task, goal等抽象名词为中心词的名词词组以及what引导的主语从句，常用不定式作表语。
①The purpose of education is to develop a fine personality in children.
教育的目的是培养儿童美好的品格。
②The best way to build a great team is to gather a group of the most talented individuals.
打造一支出色的队伍的最好方法是把一群最有才华的人聚集起来。
③What he wanted to suggest was to cut down the price and increase the sales.
他想要提出的建议是降低价格，增加销量。
3．“疑问词＋不定式”结构作表语
疑问词who, what, which, when, where, how, why后加动词不定式构成不定式短语，它在句中可作主语、宾语和表语。
①Our difficulty is where to find a guide leading us into the rainforest.
我们的困难是在哪里可以找到一个带领我们进入热带雨林的向导。
②The biggest challenge is how to prevent the spread of flu effectively.
最大的挑战是如何有效阻止流感的传播。
4．常用be to do来表示计划、安排、命令、注定、目的、应该、可能等意义。
①This country is to close all high schools and universities from Wednesday.
该国家将从周三起关闭所有的高中和大学。(计划、安排)
②This naughty boy is to stay here until class is over.
这个淘气的男孩必须待在这里直到下课。(命令)
③She shows great interest in music so she is to be a musician in time.
她对音乐非常感兴趣，所以她迟早会成为一名音乐家的。(注定)
④If you are to succeed, you should be patient and persistent.
要想成功，你就应该要有耐心和毅力。(目的)
[巧学活用1]——单句语法填空
①I've had many dreams since I was a child. Now my dream is ________ (open) a café.
②What he is considering is ________ (get) enough money to buy a car.
③What he hoped was ___________ (admit) to Peking University.
④The problem is how ________ (solve) the shortage of labor in such a short time.
⑤Their daughter is ________ (get) married next month.
to open
to get
to be admitted
to solve
to get
二、动词不定式(短语)作表语省略to的情况?
动词不定式(短语)作表语时，一般情况下动词不定式符号to不能省略，但在以下几种情况下可省略动词不定式符号to。
1．all作主句主语，其后的定语从句中含有实义动词do的某种形式时。
All we need to do is live each day with hope.
我们需要做的就是带着希望过好每一天。
2．what引导的从句作主语，从句中含有实义动词do的某种形式时。
What the government will do next step is protect our environment from being polluted further.
政府下一步要做的是保护环境免受进一步污染。
3．(主句)主语被only, first, one, least或形容词最高级修饰，且其后作定语的从句或短语中含有实义动词do的某种形式时。
The only thing I can do now is stick to the plan by myself.
我现在能做的唯一一件事就是自己坚持这项计划。
[巧学活用2]——完成句子
①我们要做的就是按下按钮。
All we have to do is ________________．
②我唯一能做的就是陪伴你。
The only thing I can do is ________________．
③他想做的事情是让他的儿子与众不同。
What he wants to do is ________________________．
press the button
keep you company
(to) set his son apart from others
三、v.-ing和不定式在句中作表语的区别?
1．一般情况下，区别不大，可通用。
Seeing is believing.＝To see is to believe.
眼见为实。
2．v.-ing表示的动作较抽象或是习惯性的，而不定式表示某次具体的动作。
①My job is teaching in a middle school.
我的工作是在中学教书。
②My job this afternoon is to teach you English.
我今天下午的工作是教你英语。
[巧学活用3]——单句语法填空
①My job is ________ (look) after the old in the nursing home.
②My job now is ________ (take) care of my injured brother at home.
③My hobby is ________ (listen) to country music.
④To know everything is ________ (know) nothing.
looking
to take
listening
to know(共55张PPT)
Section Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking
Part 1 课前预习设计
Part 2 课堂提升素养
Part 1 课前预习设计
自读课文　疏通文脉大意　
Task 1 文本整体理解：理清文章架构
1.What is the text mainly about
A．How teenagers make a choice.
B．How teenagers feel relaxed.
C．How teenagers change their bad habits.
D．How teenagers become more independent.
C
2．Match the main idea with each part.
Part 1(Para.1) ________
Part 2(Para.2) ________
Part 3(Paras.3～4) ________
Part 4(Para.5) ________
Part 5(Para.6) ________
Part 6(Para.7) ________
A．The young have the power to build a healthy life full of good habits.
B．It's so easy for some teenagers to form bad habits.
C．To change some bad habits, a teenager must make many attempts.
D．Something about the three stages of the habit cycle.
E．We should change our bad habits and create good habits using the habit cycle.
F．To change some bad habits, a person must repeatedly take many small steps.
B
C
D
E
F
A
Task 2 文本细节理解：探寻语篇细节理解
Read the text on Pages 14～15 carefully and then choose the best answer.
1．What does “We are what we repeatedly do.” in Paragraph 2 mean
A．The choice often repeats again.
B．Repeated choices make up a habit.
C．We can't change a habit.
D．Choices work repeatedly.
B
2．What is the first step to change a bad habit according to the text
A．To examine our bad habit cycle.
B．To form a good habit cycle.
C．To find out the cue of a bad habit.
D．To replace a bad routine with something positive.
A
3．What do we need to change a bad habit
A．Patience.
B．Discipline.
C．Repeated small steps.
D．All of above.
D
4．Which is the right structure of the text
B
Task 3 文本理解：续写佳句
Read the passage carefully and find the sentences to describe the emotion.(细读短文并找出情绪描写的句子)
(1)______________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
(2)______________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
(3)______________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
For example, when we feel unhappy (cue), we eat lots of unhealthy snacks (routine), which makes us feel happy (reward).
So, when we feel unhappy again (cue), rather than eat snacks, we could listen to some of our favourite music instead (routine)，...
Many of us try to change bad habits quickly, and if we are not successful straight away, we often become pessimistic and give up.
Task 4 阅读思维升华：主题实践
1.Do you have any bad habits (Critical Thinking批判性思维)
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
2．How can you change them if you have bad habits (Creative Thinking创造性思维)
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
Yes, I have some bad habits, such as being addicted to playing computer games and being lazy.
To change bad habits, I will first examine my bad habit cycles, replace a negative routine with something positive, and create good habits. Most importantly, I will make great efforts to change my bad habits, and form good ones.
精读课文　疏通理解障碍
[读文清障]
①become involved in使卷入；使陷入
②tobacco [t 'b k ] n．烟草；烟叶
③alcohol [' lk h l] n.酒；酒精
④abuse [ 'bju s] n．滥用；虐待；辱骂
vt.滥用；虐待；辱骂
⑤dominate
['d m ne t] vt.& vi.支配；控制；占有优势
⑥essential [ 'sen l] adj.至关重要的
⑦based on以……为基础；基于
⑧philosophy
[f 'l s fi] n．哲学；哲理；人生观
⑨psychology
[sa 'k l d i] n．心理学；心理；心理影响
⑩cue [kju ] n．提示；暗示；信号
in response to
回答；答复
reward [r 'w d] n．回报；奖励；报酬　vt.奖励；奖赏；给以报酬
rely on依赖；依靠；信赖
facilitate
[f 's l te t] vt.促进；促使；使便利
examine
[ ɡ'z m n] vt.(仔细)检查；审查；测验
combine...with
将……与……结合
negative ['neɡ t v] adj.消极的；有害的；否定的
aside from
除……以外
escalator
['esk le t (r)] n．自动扶梯；电动扶梯
straight away
立即；马上
(21)pessimistic
[ pes 'm st k] adj.悲观的；悲观主义的
(22)discipline
['d s pl n] n．自制力；纪律；学科
v．自我控制；管教；处罚
(23)repeatedly
[r 'pi t dli] adv.重复地；再三地；屡次地
(24)pill [p l] n．药丸；药片
(25)decide on决定；选定
[原文呈现]
HABITS FOR A HEALTHY LIFESTYLE
As teenagers grow up, they become more independent and start making their own decisions.However, during this period, it can be easy for some of them to form bad habits.These bad habits, if left unchecked, could lead to more serious ones when they become adults.[1] For example, some of them may become involved in① tobacco② or alcohol③ abuse④， which can lead to physical and mental health problems.To prevent harmful habits like these from dominating⑤ a teenager's life is essential⑥.[2] They must learn to recognise bad habits early and make appropriate changes.
[1]if 引导的句子为省略句，补全为： if they are left unchecked，在句中作插入语， when 引导时间状语从句。
[2]句中动词不定式作主语。
To change bad habits is never easy, even with many attempts.[3] There is a famous saying based on⑦ the philosophy⑧ of Aristotle: “We are what we repeatedly do.” In many ways, our lifestyle is the sum of choices we have made.We make a choice to do something, and then we repeat it over and over again.Soon that choice becomes automatic and forms a habit that is much harder to change.[4] The good news is that we can change, if we understand how habits work.[5]
[3]句中动词不定式作主语。
[4]句中第二个that引导定语从句。
[5]句中that引导表语从句，其中if引导条件状语从句。
According to modern psychology⑨， we must first learn about the “habit cycle”， which works like this：
·Firstly, there is a “cue⑩”， an action, event, or situation that acts as a signal to do something.
·Secondly, there is a “routine”， the regular action you take in response to the cue.
·Thirdly, there is the “reward ”， the good thing or feeling we get from the routine.
For example, when we feel unhappy (cue), we eat lots of unhealthy snacks (routine), which makes us feel happy(reward)．[6] The reward makes us much more likely to continue the cycle, and the bad habit of relying on unhealthy snacks is formed.
[6]句中when引导时间状语从句， which引导非限制性定语从句。
To facilitate a positive change in our bad habits, we must first examine our bad habit cycles and then try to adapt them.We can do this by combining the information from our habit cycles with our own positive ideas.For example, we could try to replace a negative routine with something more positive.So, when we feel unhappy again (cue), rather than eat snacks, we could listen to some of our favourite music instead (routine), which will make us feel relaxed(reward)．[7] Aside from changing bad habits, we can also use the habit cycle to create good habits.For example, when we come to an escalator (cue), our normal routine is to ride it, but we could change this routine into something more positive by taking the stairs instead.
[7]句中when引导时间状语从句， which引导非限制性定语从句。
Many of us try to change bad habits quickly, and if we are not successful straight away ， we often become pessimistic21 and give up.In fact, the most successful way to change is not suddenly, but over a period of time.As the Chinese philosopher Lao Zi wrote, “A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.”One step seems small, but it is essential.To reach the goal of change, a person must show some discipline22 and repeatedly23 take many small steps.After all, it is not easy to break bad habits.
For young people, there is plenty of time to change bad habits.However, there is no “magic pill24” or delete button that will help you；you have to think about your bad habits and decide on25 some changes.You have the power to build a happy and healthy life full of good habits！
[课文翻译]
健康的生活习惯
随着青少年的成长，他们变得更加独立，并开始自己做决定。然而，在这段时间里，他们中的一些人很容易养成坏习惯。如果放任不管，在他们成年后这些坏习惯可能会导致更严重的后果。例如，有些青少年会沉溺于烟酒不能自拔，造成生理和心理健康问题。防止像这样的坏习惯支配青少年的生活是至关重要的。他们必须学会及早发现坏习惯，并做出适当的改变。
改变坏习惯绝非易事，即使有很多次的尝试。有一条基于亚里士多德哲学思想的著名谚语说道：“重复的行为造就了我们。”在很多方面，我们的生活方式是我们做出的选择的总和。我们选择做某事，然后我们一遍又一遍地重复它。很快，这种选择就变成了无意识的，并形成一种较难改变的习惯。好消息是如果我们了解习惯是如何运作的，我们就可以改变。
根据现代心理学，我们必须首先了解“习惯循环”，它是这样运作的：
第一，有一个“暗示”，即有一个动作、事件或情况作为做某事的信号。
第二，形成“惯例”，即你根据暗示采取的有规律的行动。
第三，有“奖励”，即我们从惯例中得到的好处或感觉。
例如，当我们感到不快乐(暗示)时，我们会吃许多不健康的零食(惯例)，这让我们感到快乐(奖励)。奖励使我们更有可能继续进行这样的循环，继而养成了依赖不健康零食的坏习惯。
想要促使不良习惯朝着积极的方向转化，我们必须首先审视自己的坏习惯循环，然后尽力去调整。我们可以将习惯循环的信息与自己的积极想法结合来做到这一点。例如，我们可以试着用更积极的事情来代替消极的惯例。所以，当我们再次感到不快乐(暗示)时，不要吃零食，而是可以听一些我们最喜欢的音乐(惯例)来代替，这将使我们感到放松(奖励)。除了改变坏习惯以外，我们还可以利用习惯循环来塑造好习惯。例如，当我们遇到自动扶梯(暗示)时，我们通常的做法是乘坐自动扶梯，但我们可以通过走楼梯来改变这种惯例，使之变为更积极的事情。
我们中的许多人都试图迅速改变坏习惯，如果不能马上取得成功，我们经常会变得悲观然后放弃。事实上，最成功的改变方式不是一蹴而就的，而是要经过一段时间。正如中国哲学家老子所说：“千里之行，始于足下。”一步看起来很小，却是至关重要的。为了达到改变的目标，一个人必须表现出一定的自制力，并不断小步前进。毕竟，改掉坏习惯并非易事。
对于年轻人来说，有足够的时间来改变坏习惯。然而，没有可以帮助你的“神奇药丸”或删除按钮；你必须考虑一下你的坏习惯并决定做出一些改变。你有能力创造一个充满良好习惯、快乐而又健康的生活！
自查语基　落实基本知能　
Ⅰ.核心词汇
根据语境写出正确的单词
1．drug ________ 药物滥用
2．________ and mental health problems
生理和心理健康问题
3．according to modern ________
根据现代心理学
4．________ a positive change
促进积极的改变
5．________ our bad habit cycles
审视我们的坏习惯循环
abuse　
physical　
psychology　
facilitate　
examine
6．high standards of ________ 纪律严格
7．magic ________ 神奇药丸
8．________ mail accidentally 不小心删除邮件
9．People's ________ Army 中国人民解放军
10．________ your neighbours 打扰你的邻居
11．lung cancer ________ 肺癌外科手术
12．wear a ________ 留着胡须
13．take ________ 吸毒
14．a famous heart ________ 一位著名的心脏外科医生
15．________ operation 外科手术
discipline　
pill　
delete　
Liberation　
disturb　
surgery　
beard　
drugs　
surgeon　
surgery
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
根据提示写出相应的单词
1．________ [' lk h l] n．酒；酒精→alcoholic adj.酒精的，含酒精的　n．酒鬼，酗酒者
2．________ ['d m ne t] vt.& vi.支配；控制；占有优势→dominant adj.占支配地位的；占优势的→domination n．控制；支配；统治
3．________ [r 'pi t d] adj.再三的，反复的→repeatedly adv.重复地；再三地；屡次地
4．________ [r 'w d] n．回报；奖励；报酬　vt.奖励；奖赏；给以报酬→rewarding adj.值得做的；有益的；报酬高的
5．________ [r 'la ] vi.依赖；依靠；信赖→reliable adj.可信赖的；可依靠的→reliably adv.可靠地；确实地
alcohol　
dominate　
repeated　
reward　
rely　
6．________ [ ɡ'z m n] vt.(仔细)检查；审查；测验→examination n．考试；检查
7．________ ['neɡ t v] adj.消极的；有害的；否定的→negatively adv.消极地；否定地→[反义词]positive adj.积极的；肯定的；正面的
8．________ [ pes 'm st k] adj.悲观的；悲观主义的→pessimism n．悲观；悲观主义→[反义词]optimistic adj.乐观的；乐观主义的
9．________ [k m'p z] vt.& vi.组成；作曲；撰写→composition n．组成；作曲；作品→composer n．作曲家；作家
10．________ ['s d n] n．外科医生→surgery n．外科手术；外科学
11．________ ['l b re t] vt.解放→liberation n．解放；摆脱
examine　
negative　
pessimistic　
compose　
surgeon　
liberate
构词规律
1.-ation常用于动词之后构成名词，表示“属于，倾向性”等。
examine v．→examination n．检查；审查
starve v．→________ n．饥饿
determine v．→___________ n．决定
imagine v．→___________ n．想象
2．一起“促进，提高”
①promote vt. 促进，提高
②improve vt.& vi. 改进，提高
③enhance vt. 提高；增强；增进
④raise vt. 上升，提高
⑤boost vt. 促进；增加；支援
⑥facilitate vt. 促进，推动
starvation
determination
imagination
Ⅲ.重点短语
1．________________ 回答；答复
2．________________ 依赖；依靠；信赖
3．________________ 立即；马上
4．________________ 决定；选定
5．________________ 下定决心
6．________________ 由……组成(或构成)的
7．________________ 剃掉；刮去
8．________________ 一再地
9．________________ 除……以外
in response to
rely on
straight away
decide on
make up one's mind
be composed of
shave off
over and over again
aside from
Ⅳ.重点句型
1．[句型]as引导时间状语从句
[教材]________________， they become more independent and start making their own decisions.
随着青少年的成长，他们变得更加独立，开始自己做决定。
2．[句型]状语从句的省略
[教材]These bad habits, _____________， could lead to more serious ones when they become adults.
这些坏习惯，如果放任不管，长大后可能会导致更严重的后果。
As teenagers grow up
if left unchecked
3．[句型]过去分词短语作后置定语
[教材]___________________________ the philosophy of Aristotle: “We are what we repeatedly do.”
有一句基于亚里士多德哲学思想的名言：“重复的行为造就了我们。”
4．[句型]“not...but...”意为“不是……而是……”
[教材]In fact, the most successful way to change is ______________， ____________________．
事实上，最成功的改变方式不是一蹴而就的，而是要经过一段时间。
There is a famous saying based on
not suddenly
but over a period of time
Ⅴ.理清复杂句式
1．[教材]For example, some of them may become involved in tobacco or alcohol abuse, which can lead to physical and mental health problems.
[分析]
[翻译]例如，有些青少年会沉溺于烟酒不能自拔，造成生理和心理健康问题。
非限制性定语
2．[教材]For example, when we feel unhappy (cue), we eat lots of unhealthy snacks (routine), which makes us feel happy (reward)．
[分析]
[翻译]例如，当我们感到不快乐(暗示)时，我们会吃许多不健康的零食(惯例)，这让我们感到快乐(奖励)。
时间状语
非限制性定语
3．[教材]Many of us try to change bad habits quickly, and if we are not successful straight away, we often become pessimistic and give up.
[分析]
[翻译]我们中的许多人都试图迅速改变坏习惯，如果不能马上取得成功，我们经常会变得悲观然后放弃。
宾语
条件状语
Part 2 课堂提升素养
探究新知　发展语言知识　
1(教材P14)These bad habits, if left unchecked, could lead to more serious ones when they become adults.
如果放任不管，在他们成年后这些坏习惯可能会导致更严重的后果。
◎句型公式：状语从句的省略
句中的“if left unchecked”是条件状语从句的省略，补充完整为“if they are left unchecked”。
状语从句省略的条件：
(1)若从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且从句的谓语中含有be动词时，可以省略从句的主语和be动词。
(2)若状语从句中出现it is/was时，可以省略从句中的it is/was。
[佳句]　
If invited to appreciate the exhibition to be held next Sunday, I will readily accept it.
如果邀请我去欣赏下星期天举行的展览，我将欣然接受。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①When ________ (chat) with him, I sensed that he was a little pessimistic about his future.
②When________ (admit) to this school, I had thought I would enjoy an extremely comfortable school life.
[写美]——句型转换
③As for accommodation, you have the option of staying either at my home or in a hotel, which I can reserve for you in advance if it is necessary.
→As for accommodation, you have the option of staying either at my home or in a hotel, which I can reserve for you in advance __________．(状语从句的省略)
chatting
admitted　
if necessary
2(教材P14)Secondly, there is a “routine”， the regular action you take in response to the cue.
其次，有一个“常规”，即你根据提示采取的有规律的行动。
◎in response to回答；回复；对……作出反应
(1)give/make a response to 对……做出回应
(2)respond vi. 回答；回复
respond to 回答；回复
[佳句]　I'm writing to have a brief introduction to Beijing Opera in response to your request.
为回应你的请求，我写信简要介绍一下京剧。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①Judging from the ________ (respond) of the audience, the performance was quite a success.
②I do believe that we students will definitely respond ________ the appeal to use shared bikes properly.
[写美]——应用文之保护环境
③为了响应居民的巨大需求，我们社区将组织一场活动来提高人们的环境保护意识。
________________________________, our community will organise an event to raise people's awareness of environment protection.
response
to
In response to the residents' great demand
3(教材P14)Thirdly, there is the “reward”， the good thing or feeling we get from the routine.
第三，有一个“奖励”，即我们从“惯例”中获得的好处或感觉。
◎reward n．回报；奖励；报酬　vt.奖励；奖赏；给以报酬
(1)as a reward for 作为(对某事的)报酬/奖赏
in reward for 为酬谢……；作为奖励
(2)reward sb. with...for... 为……用……回报某人
be rewarded with... 得到……/获得……报答
rewarding adj. 值得的；有益的；有意义的
[佳句]　With grateful tears hanging in his eyes, he insisted on rewarding us with a lot of money for helping him.
他眼中满是感激的泪水，坚持给我们大笔钱酬谢我们的帮助。(读后续写之情感描写)
[练通]——单句语法填空
①The government offered the scientist ￥5，000，000 in reward ________ his great contributions.
②The old Silk Road is worthy of a visit, which will be an interesting and ________ (reward) experience.
[写美]——一句多译
政府为奖励他在医学领域的贡献而为他颁发奖章。
③The government gave him a medal ___________ his contributions in the field of medicine.(reward n．)
④The government gave him a medal ______________ his contributions in the field of medicine.(reward vt.)
for
rewarding
in reward for
to reward him for
4(教材P15)The reward makes us much more likely to continue the cycle, and the bad habit of relying on unhealthy snacks is formed.
奖励使我们更有可能继续这个循环，继而养成了依赖不健康零食的不良习惯。
◎rely vi.依赖；依靠；信赖
rely/depend/count on/upon sb./sth.
　　 指望/依靠某人/某事
rely on/upon sb. to do sth.
指望/相信某人会做某事
rely on/upon it that... 相信……；指望……
[佳句]　When facing difficulties, you had better not always rely on it that others will help you out.
当面临困难时，你最好不要总是指望别人会帮助你。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①My father and I had no choice but to rely on ourselves ________ (find) a way out of the thick forest.
②Not only is he ________ (rely), but he is also considerate and selfless, so I think he is quite qualified for the position.(应用文之推荐信)
[写美]——一句多译
我最尊敬我的叔叔，因为每当我处于困境中时，我都可以指望他给我一些实用的建议。(应用文之人物描写)
to find
reliable
③I respect my uncle most because I can ________________________
________________ whenever I am in trouble.(rely on/upon sb. to do)
④I respect my uncle most because I can _______________________________________________ whenever I am in trouble.(rely on/upon it that...)
指津：rely on的同义短语有：depend on/upon; count on/upon等。
rely on/upon him to offer me some
practical suggestions　
rely on/upon it that he can offer me some practical suggestions
5(教材P15)Many of us try to change bad habits quickly, and if we are not successful straight away, we often become pessimistic and give up.
我们中的许多人都试图迅速改变坏习惯，如果不能马上取得成功，我们经常会变得悲观然后放弃。
◎straight away 立即；马上
“立刻，马上”的其他表达： right away、 right now、 at once、 in no time等。
whether后可接不定式，而if不可。
[佳句]　I caught a bad cold, so I should go and see a doctor straight away.
我得了重感冒，所以我应该马上去看医生。
[写美]——读后续写佳句
感觉到我相当尴尬，我弟弟立即来帮助我。
Sensing that I was quite embarrassed，my younger brother came to my assistance ______________________________________．
straight away/right away/right now/at once/in no time
6(教材P15)In fact, the most successful way to change is not suddenly, but over a period of time.
事实上，最成功的改变方式不是一蹴而就的，而是要经过一段时间。
◎“not...but...”意为“不是……而是……”
本句中含有“not...but...”结构，意为“不是……而是……”。
(1)“not...but...”连接两个主语时，谓语动词的单复数要遵循“就近原则”。
(2)“not only...but also...”意为“不但……而且……”，“neither...nor...”意为“既不……也不……”，两个结构连接两个主语时，谓语动词的单复数也要遵循“就近原则”。
[佳句]　[2022·全国乙卷书面表达]In my view, it is not how we learn English but our determination to learn English that actually matters.
在我看来，重要的不是我们如何学习英语，而是我们学习英语的决心。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①Without learning a lesson from our mistakes, we would neither improve skills ________ realise our goals.
②It is more meaningful not to shout empty slogans ________ to donate books and sports goods to children in need.
③There was some evidence that not the passengers but the driver ________ (be) to be responsible for the accident happened yesterday.
nor
but
was
7(教材P15)After all, it is not easy to break bad habits.毕竟，改掉坏习惯并非易事。
◎after all毕竟，终究
all in all 总而言之
in all 总共；共计
at all 根本；全然(常用于否定句、疑问句、条件句中加强语气)
above all 首先；最重要的是
first of all 首先
[佳句]　[北京卷书面表达]After all, the bright smiles on the faces of farmers are the biggest reward for our efforts.
毕竟，农民脸上灿烂的笑容是我们努力的最大回报。
[写美]——用all的相关短语填空
________， it is normal for many Senior Three students to feel more stressed before important exams. So you don't need to worry _______. __________， it will be a good idea if you share your feelings with your friends or teachers. Furthermore, keep an optimistic attitude towards life and study. ________， follow the above proposals and you will get rid of your trouble soon. (应用文之建议信)
After all
at all
First of all
All in all
8(教材P15)You have to think about your bad habits and decide on some changes.
你必须考虑自己的不良习惯并做出一些改变。
◎decide on决定；选定
(1)decide on doing sth. 决定做某事
decide sb. to do sth. 使某人决定做某事
(2)decision n. 决定
make a decision 做出决定
[佳句]　We'll decide on the team and when we qualify.
将来我们具备了条件时就会决定成立这个队。
[写美]——完成句子
①我们最后决定召开一次班会来制定活动计划。
We finally _________________________ to make a plan for the activity.
②为了保护中国文化遗产，我们学校已经决定邀请一些著名的艺术家于下周五下午4点到6点在学校礼堂演出。(应用文之通知)
To protect the Chinese cultural heritage, our school _________________
_______________________________ some famous artists to put on performances in the school auditorium from 4：00 p．m. to 6：00 p．m. next Friday.
decided on holding a class meeting
has decided/has arrived at/
come to/reached/made a decision to invite(共13张PPT)
Section Ⅳ　Writing
——写一封关于健康生活方式的信
文体感知
本单元的写作任务是写一封关于健康生活方式的信，内容包括健康生活方式的介绍及其意义等。其基本架构：
增分佳句
首段：点明写信的目的
1．Learning that you are worried about your health, I'd like to write to tell you something about how to keep healthy.
得知你担心自己的健康，我想写信告诉你关于如何保持健康的事情。
2．I'm writing to tell you how to live a healthy life.
我写信想告诉你如何过健康的生活。
中段：具体介绍如何过健康的生活
1．It would be a good idea if we could take meals regularly and slowly.
如果我们可以有规律地、慢慢地吃饭，这会是个好主意。
2．Eating lots of fresh vegetables and fruit means a lot to our body.
多吃新鲜蔬菜和水果对我们的身体很有好处。
3．You can do some morning exercises or only take a short walk in the morning.
你可以进行晨练，或者只是在早晨散散步。
4．To keep healthy, we should try to be in good mood each day.
为了保持健康，我们应该尽量每天保持好心情。
5．Having a balanced diet is of great benefit to us.
均衡饮食对我们有很大益处。
6．Only by living a healthy lifestyle can you stay away from illnesses.
只有健康生活你才能远离疾病。
尾段：表达期望和祝愿
1．I hope that you can have a healthy body.
希望你拥有健康的身体。
2．I hope that my advice will be of help to you.
希望我的建议对你能有帮助。
典题演练
现在，全民倡导健康生活，请你以“Healthy Lifestyle”为题，用英文写一封倡议书，内容包括：
1．你认为健康的生活方式；
2．你认为该生活方式健康的两点理由(如远离疾病等)。
注意：词数80左右。
第一步　布局谋篇
第二步　遣词造句
1．保持健康是一个热门话题，拥有健康的生活方式对我们非常重要。
____________________________________________ is very important for us.
2．旅行可以帮助我们强身健体并保持精力充沛，因此能帮助我们远离疾病。
Traveling around ___________________________________， and thus can help us keep away from diseases.
3．我们在现实世界里旅行的时候一定能从生动鲜活的大自然和社会中收获很多知识。
Certainly ___________________________________________ while we are traveling in a real world.
Keeping healthy is a hot topic and having a healthy lifestyle
can help us build up our body and keep energetic
we can gain much knowledge from vivid nature and society
第三步　句式升级
1．用非限制性定语从句升级第二步中的句2
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
2．用时间状语从句的省略升级第二步中的句3
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
Traveling around can help us build up our body and keep energetic, which can help us keep away from diseases.
Certainly we can gain much knowledge from vivid nature and society while traveling in a real world.
第四步　完美成篇
用适当的过渡词语，把以上词汇和句式，再加上联想内容，组成一篇英语短文。
Healthy Lifestyle
Keeping healthy is a hot topic and having a healthy lifestyle is very important for us. So what is your healthy lifestyle
Generally speaking, keeping a balanced diet and taking exercise regularly are recognized as a healthy lifestyle. In my opinion, traveling around instead of staying at home and chatting with others online for a long time is a healthy lifestyle. Traveling around can help us build up our body and keep energetic, which can help us keep away from diseases. Certainly we can gain much knowledge from vivid nature and society while traveling in a real world.(共13张PPT)
Section Ⅳ　Writing——写一篇诗歌评论
文体感知
诗歌评论就是对诗歌进行分析和评论。这必须建立在很好地把握原诗主旨的基础之上， 而非罗列原诗的诗句。一首好的诗歌， 自然有其动人之处。行文时可侧重于诗中最打动你的某一方面来抒发自己的感想。其基本架构为：
增分佳句
首段：介绍诗歌的作者情况
1．The author loved nature and often wandered in the field.
这位作者喜欢大自然， 经常在田野中漫步。
2．Here is a poem entitled “Sympathy on the Farmers” by Li Shen, which enjoys great popularity among readers.
这首诗的题目是《悯农》， 作者是李绅， 这首诗很受读者欢迎。
中段：介绍诗歌的内容以及主题等
1．The poem is about a farmer who is working in the field.
这首诗是关于一个在田地里劳作的农民的。
2．We can learn an important lesson from the poem.
我们能从这首诗中学到一个重要的道理。
尾段：表达自己的感想
1．I'm deeply moved by the love shown in the poem.
我被这首诗中展示的爱深深感动了。
2．I will be encouraged by the poem when getting into trouble.
当我遇到困难时， 这首诗会鼓励我。
典题演练
请根据下面的要求写一篇关于唐诗《悯农》的评论。
Sympathy on the Farmers
—Li Shen from Tang Dynasty
At noon, a farmer is weeding,
Down the field, sweat is dropping.
Who knows rice on a dish,
Every grain is full of moiling
注意：词数80左右。
第一步　布局谋篇
第二步　遣词造句
1．这首题为《悯农》的诗是李绅写的。
________________________________ “Sympathy on the Farmers”．
2．李绅很受中国读者的欢迎。
Li Shen ____________________________．
3．夏日正午时刻， 外面天气炎热；一位农民依然在田地里除草。
It is so hot outside at this summer noon time.The farmer ____________________．
Here is a poem by Li Shen and it is titled
is very popular with Chinese readers
is still weeding in the fields
4．他全身湿透， 汗水不断地掉在庄稼生长的土地上。
He is wet all over and the sweat __________________________．The crops grow there.
5．我认为对今天的年轻一代来说， 理解这首诗歌并珍惜每一粒粮食是很重要的。
I think ________________________________________________ the poem and treasure every grain.
is frequently falling into the soil
it's very important for the young generation today to understand
第三步　句式升级
1．用过去分词作后置定语以及定语从句合并升级第二步中的句1和句2
___________________________________________________________________________.
2．用as引导的倒装句改写第二步中的句3
__________________________________________________________.
Here is a poem titled “Sympathy on the Farmers” by Li Shen who/that is very popular
with Chinese readers
Hot as it is outside at this summer noon time, the farmer is still weeding in the fields
3．用with复合结构和where 引导的定语从句改写第二步中的句4
___________________________________________________________.
4．用“it is of＋抽象名词＋主语从句”结构改写第二步中的句5
_________________________________________________________________________________.
He is wet all over with the sweat frequently falling into the soil, where the crops grow
I think it's of great importance that the young generation today should understand the
poem and treasure every grain
第四步　完美成篇
用适当的过渡词语，把以上词汇和句式，再加上联想内容，组成一篇英语短文。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Here is a poem titled “Sympathy on the Farmers” by Li Shen who/that is very
popular with Chinese readers.
It goes like this: Hot as it is outside at this summer noon time, the farmer is
still weeding in the fields. He is wet all over with the sweat frequently falling
into the soil, where the crops grow. But who knows exactly all our foods, the delicious
dishes on our table, come from the hard work of the farmers
The reason why Li Shen wrote this poem is to remind people of the importance of the
farmers' hard work. I think it's of great importance that the young generation today
should understand the poem and treasure every grain.(共16张PPT)
Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language
Part 1课堂提升素养
1(教材P40)Unfortunately, his application was turned down because he was too young and not qualified enough.
不幸的是， 他的申请被拒绝了， 因为他太年轻， 资历不够。
◎unfortunately　adv.不幸地；遗憾地
(1)unfortunate adj.　 不幸的
(2)fortunate adj.　 幸运的
be fortunate to do sth. 有幸做某事
(3)fortunately adv. 幸运地
(4)fortune n. 机遇；运气
make a fortune 发财
seek/try one's fortune 找出路；碰运气
[佳句]　I am fortunate to have such a precious opportunity to serve as a volunteer in the activity. 我很幸运能有这样一个宝贵的机会在活动中担任志愿者。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①__________ (fortunate), his father died, leaving the whole family even worse off.
②_________ (fortunate), I succeeded in seizing the only chance to be a member of this organization.
[写美]——应用文佳句
③毕业后， 他决定去那个大城市碰碰运气。
After graduation, he decided to go to that large city to _____________．
Unfortunately
Fortunately
seek/try his fortune
2(教材P41)He finally finished the research paper under his tutor's guidance.
在导师的指导下， 他终于完成了研究论文。
◎guidance n．指导；引导；导航
(1)under one's guidance
＝under the guidance of sb. 在某人的指导下
(2)guide v. 引路；指导；影响
n.　 指南；手册；向导
guide sb. to sp. 领某人去某地
guide sb. to do sth. 指导某人做某事
[佳句]　It was under your professional guidance that we have made such rapid progress in English.
正是在你的专业指导下， 我们的英语进步如此之快。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①Parents should guide their children ________ (deal) with daily things instead of doing them for children.
②________ (guide) by the local farmer, we found the old house easily.
[写美]——读后续写之动作描写
③在老师的指导下， 我们完成了实验。
_________________________， we finished the experiment.
to deal
Guided
Under the guidance of our teacher
Part 2语法专项突破
现在完成进行时
[自主感知]
①An expedition to the South Pole with the great Sir Ernest Shackleton—this is the adventure that I have been dreaming of.
②We are now camped on the ice and we have been managing to survive...
③We have been struggling for days, but things on Elephant Island are going from bad to worse.
④The dog has been barking for about two hours. I really hope it will stop soon.
[自我发现]
以上句子都用了现在完成进行时， 其构成为：________________， 表示从过去某时起一直持续到现在的动作。
have/has＋been＋现在分词
[语法规则]
一、现在完成进行时的构成?
现在完成进行时表示过去发生的动作或状况一直持续到现在， 这个动作可能仍在继续进行或刚刚结束。现在完成进行时由“have/has＋been＋现在分词”构成。
肯定句：主语＋have/has＋been＋现在分词＋其他。
否定句：主语＋have/has＋not＋been＋现在分词＋其他。
一般疑问句：Have/Has＋主语＋been＋现在分词＋其他？
特殊疑问句：疑问代词/疑问副词＋have/has＋(主语＋)been＋现在分词＋其他？
①He is ill. He's been lying in bed for three weeks.
他病了。已经卧床三个星期了。
②Your eyes are red. Have you been crying
你眼睛红了。你是不是一直在哭？
二、现在完成进行时的用法?
1．表示动作从过去某时开始， 一直延续到现在。
现在完成进行时常和all this time, this week, this month, all night, all the morning, recently等时间状语以及since和for引导的时间状语连用。
①I have been reading Hemingway's A Farewell to Arms recently.
我最近一直在读海明威的《永别了， 武器》。
②She has been reciting the words all the morning.
她整个上午都在背单词。
③This is what I have been expecting since my childhood.
这是我从小以来就一直期待着的事情。
2．表示动作刚刚结束。
①My clothes are all wet. I've been working in the rain.
我的衣服全湿了。我刚才一直在雨中干活。
②He is quite tired. He's been fixing his car in the yard.
他非常累。他刚才一直在院子里修车。
3．表示一个近期内时断时续、重复发生的动作。
①You've been saying that for five years.
这话你已经说了五年了。
②He has been writing articles to the newspapers and magazines since he became a teacher.
自从任教以来， 他一直在为报纸杂志撰稿。
4．表达较重的感彩。
①What have you been doing to my dictionary
看你把我的字典弄成什么样子了？
②Time has been flying so quickly!
时间过得可真快啊！
③Too much has been happening today.
今天可真是个多事的日子。
[巧学活用1]——单句语法填空
①I______________ (teach) English for almost twenty years. I will teach until retirement.
②In order to find the missing child, villagers ____________ (do) all they can over the past five hours.
③In 1996, I moved to Canada with my husband and I ____________ (live) there since then.
④Jim _____________ (phone) his grandparents every night for the past week.
have been teaching
have been doing
have been living
has been phoning
三、现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别?
1．现在完成进行时可以表示动作的重复， 而现在完成时一般不表示重复性。
①Have you been meeting him recently
你最近常和他见面吗？
②Have you met him recently
你最近见过他吗？
2．现在完成进行时有时含有感彩， 而现在完成时一般是平铺直叙。
①I have been waiting for you for two hours.
我一直等了你两个小时。(可能表示不满)
②I have waited for you for two hours.
我等了你两个小时。(说明一个事实)
3．现在完成进行时强调动作， 而现在完成时强调结果。
①Who has been eating the oranges
谁一直在吃这些橙子呀？ (还剩余一些)
②Who has eaten the oranges
谁把橙子吃光了？ (强调吃得一个不剩)
[巧学活用2]——单句语法填空
①The number of medical schools reached 18 in the early 1990s and __________ (remain) around that level since.
②He ______________ (listen) to English programs since he came to the US, so he ________ (make) great progress.
③The little boy is dirty from head to foot because he ______________ (play) in the mud all morning.
④[2021·全国乙卷]People ______________ (pour) into stadiums since the days of ancient Greece.
has remained
has been listening
has made
has been playing
have been pouring(共15张PPT)
单元知识回顾与提升 5
闪卡展示　快速高效
Ⅰ.请快速写出下列单词的汉语意思
1．nursery adj. ________________
n. ________________
2．nursery rhyme ________________
3．diamond n. ________________
4．bull n. ________________
5．bee n. ________________
6．dewdrop n. ________________
7．butterfly n. ________________
8．lawn n. ________________
幼儿教育的
托儿所；保育室
童谣；儿歌
钻石；金刚石；菱形
公牛
蜜蜂
露珠；水珠
蝴蝶
草坪， 草地
9．syllable n. ________________
10．blossom n. ________________
11．revolve vi. ________________
12．utter vt. ________________
adj. ________________
13．shelf n. ________________
14．cherry n. ________________
adj. ________________
15．verse n. ________________
音节
花朵；花簇
旋转；环绕；转动
出声；说；讲
完全的；十足的；彻底的
架子；搁板
樱桃；樱桃树；樱桃色
樱桃色的；鲜红色的
诗；韵文；诗节
16．civilian n. ________________
17．era n. ________________
18．string n. ________________
vt. ________________
adj. ________________
19．barren adj. ________________
20．grief n. ________________
平民；老百姓
时代；年代；纪元
细绳；线；一串
悬挂；系　
弦乐器的；线织的
贫瘠的；不结果实的
悲伤；悲痛；伤心事
Ⅱ.请快速拼写下列单词
1．________ n. 节奏；韵律；规律
2．________ adj. 民间的；民俗的；普通百姓的
3．________ vt. 背诵；吟诵；列举
4．________ n. 黎明；开端；萌芽
5．________ n. 业余爱好者
adj. 业余的；业余爱好的
6．________ n. 情绪； 心情；语气
7．________ vi.& vt. 取笑(某人)；揶揄；逗弄
8．________ n. 格式；总体安排；(出版物的)版式
vt. 格式化
rhythm
folk
recite　
dawn
amateur
mood
tease　
format
9．________ adj. 分别的；各自的
10．________ adj. 精美的；精致的；脆弱的
11．________ vt. 等候；期待；将发生在
12．____________ n. 理解力；领悟力；理解练习
13．________ adj. 空白的；无图画(或韵律、装饰)的；没表情的
n. 空白；空格
14．________ n. 版本；(从不同角度的)说法
15．________ vt.& vi. 播种；种
16．________ n. 种子；起源；萌芽
17．________ n. 最后期限；截止日期
respective　
delicate　
await
comprehension
blank
version　
sow
seed
deadline
18．________ n. 比赛；竞赛；竞争
vt. 争取赢得(比赛、选举等)；争辩
19．________ vt. 修改；润色；抛光
n. 上光剂；抛光；擦亮
20．________ conj. 在任何地方；在所有……的情况下
adv. (用于问句)究竟在(到)哪里
21．________ adj. 复杂的；难懂的
22．________ n. 偏见；成见
vt. 使怀有(或形成)偏见
contest
polish
wherever
complicated
prejudice
Ⅲ.请快速检验下列拓展词
1．________ n．戏；剧；戏剧艺术→________ adj.戏剧(性)的；突然的
2．________ n．悲伤；悲痛；伤心事 vi.感到悲伤→________ adj.悲伤的；悲哀的
3．________ n．形象的描述；意象；像→________ n．形象；印象
4．________ adj.文学的；爱好文学的；有文学作品特征的→________ n．文学
5．________ adj.同情的；有同情心的；赞同的→________ n．同情；赞同
drama
dramatic
sorrow
sorrowful
imagery
image
literary
literature
sympathetic
sympathy
6．________ adj.天真无邪的；无辜的；无恶意的→________ n．天真；单纯；无罪
7．____________ n．来往信件；通信联系→__________ vi.相一致；符合；相当于；通信
8．________ n．变化；变体；变奏曲→________ vi.变化；不同→________ adj.不同的；各种各样的→________ n．多样性；变化
9．________ adj.种族的；人种的→________ n．竞赛；种族 vi.& vt.(与……)赛跑；(与……)竞争
innocent
innocence
correspondence
correspond
variation
vary
various
variety
racial
race
Ⅳ.请快速写出下列短语
1．People like his writing because it is elegant, ordered, finished and __________ (切题的).
2．It __________ (有意义) to improve the paths by building steps, handrails and footbridges.
3．The writing process ____________ (由……组成) four stages, and each stage involves certain activities.
4．Tang poems have been translated into foreign languages and they _____________ (受……欢迎的) foreign readers.
5．My sister loves the song ___________ (尤其， 特别), because my mother used to sing it to her.
to the point
made sense
is made up of
are popular with
in particular
6．_________ (紧紧抓住) your dream and one day it may come true.
7．Nowadays, it is easy for people to __________ (跟上) changes in fashion without having to spend a great amount of money.
8．You'd better not consult a dictionary every time you ___________ (偶然遇到) a new word.
9．The majority of those farmers __________ (谋生) by growing wheat and corn.
10．He ___________ (熟悉) this village, because he has been living there for twenty years.
Hold onto
keep up with
come across
make a living
is familiar with
Ⅴ.请快速背诵下列课文原句
1．There are various reasons ______________________.
人们写诗歌有各种各样的原因。
2．The poems may not make sense and even seem contradictory, but they ____________________．
这些诗歌可能没有意义， 甚至看起来自相矛盾， 但它们易于学习和背诵。
3．______________ they can feel the warmth of love and enjoy the innocence of childhood.
原因是他们能感觉到爱的温暖、享受童年的纯真。
why people compose poetry
are easy to learn and recite
The reason is that
4．_____________________________________， you may eventually want to write poems of your own.
有这么多不同形式的诗歌可供从中选择， 你可能最终想写你自己的诗。
5．And then when I found it, ______________， I should know that the wind had been going there too.
无论向哪里吹， 我都知道风也曾去过那里。
With so many different forms of poetry to choose from
wherever it blew
6．If love were what the rose is, and I were the leaf, ______________________．
如果爱情好似香艳的玫瑰， 而我好似它的叶片儿青翠， 我们将在一起生长。
7．__________________________ Fan Zhongyan and Su Shi from this book, what do you think they have in common
根据你从这本书中对范仲淹和苏轼的了解，你认为他们有什么共同之处？
our lives would grow together
Based on what you have learnt about(共54张PPT)
Section Ⅲ　Using Language
Part 1 课前预习设计
Part 2课堂提升素养
Part 1 课前预习设计
自读课文　疏通文脉大意　
Read the text on Page 8 carefully and then choose the best answer.
1．What is the text mainly about
A．The Richfield Museum of Fine Art.
B．Something about the Shang Dynasty.
C．Something about the Emperor Qianlong.
D．An introduction of ancient Chinese art show.
D
2．What's the purpose of the exhibition
A．To let people know the history of China.
B．To help people to master the painting skills.
C．To introduce Chinese famous artists.
D．To display ancient Chinese artistic genius.
D
3．What can we infer from the fourth paragraph
A．Tang Dynasty sculptures have nothing to do with Buddhism.
B．Buddhism had a great influence on Chinese sculptures.
C．Tang Dynasty sculptures were meant to protect the religions of the country.
D．After Buddhism entered China, it expanded at once.
B
4．If two adults and a child under 5 visit the exhibition, how much will they pay
A．20 dollars. B．28 dollars.
C．25 dollars. D．23 dollars.
A
精读课文　疏通理解障碍
[读文清障]
①ancient adj.古代的
②on show在展览中
③present vt.展示；呈现
④exhibition [ eks 'b n] n．展览；(技能、感情或行为的)表演
⑤explore vt.探索
⑥bronze [br nz] n．青铜；深红褐色　adj.青铜色的；深红褐色的
⑦ceramic [s 'r m k] n．陶瓷制品；制陶艺术
⑧vase [vɑ z；NAmE ve s；ve z] n．花瓶；装饰瓶
⑨jade n．玉；翡翠
⑩artistic [ɑ 't st k] adj.艺术的；艺术家的
genius n．天才；天赋
highlight n．最精彩的部分
Clearing After Snow on a Mountain Pass 《函关雪霁图》(明代画家唐寅画作)
work n．作品；著作
fail to do sth.未能成功做某事
entry ['entri] n．加入；进入；参与
gain entry into进入
civil ['s vl] adj.国民的；民用的；民事的
civil service行政部门
turn to转向
recognition [ rek ɡ'n n] n．承认；认出；赞誉
gain recognition获得认可
extraordinary adj.不平常的；不一般的；非凡的；卓越的
(21)primary adj.主要的
(22)of note是习语，意为“值得关注，值得一提；重要，有趣”。
(23)object n．物品
(24)on display在展出
(25)Emperor Qianlong乾隆皇帝
(26)admirer n．钦佩者；赞赏者
(27)Buddhist ['b d st] adj.佛教的　n．佛教徒
Buddhism ['b d z m] n．佛教
(28)origin n．起源；根源
(294)expansion [ k'sp n n] n．扩张；扩展；扩大
(30)not...until...
直到……才……
(31)the Silk Road丝绸之路
(32)boom v．繁荣；迅速发展
(33)influence n．& vt.影响
(34)be intended to do sth.打算做某事；意在做某事
(35)exceptional adj.卓越的；异常的
(36)bring...to life赋予……生命；使……鲜活起来
(37)a taste of领略，体验，感受
taste在此处用作名词，意为“经历，感受，体验”。
(38)in store某事即将发生(＝about to happen)
(39)guarantee [ ɡ r n'ti ] vt.保证；确保；肯定……必然发生　n．保证；保修单；担保物
guarantee to do sth.
保证做某事
(40)transport sb. to...
把某人带往……
(41)amazing adj.令人惊叹的
(42)on Mondays每逢周一
(43)admit sb. into/to允许某人进入……；接纳某人为……的成员
(44)admission n．入场费；门票费
[原文呈现]
ANCIENT① CHINESE ART ON SHOW②
The Richfield Museum of Fine Art is proud to present③ our new exhibition④， “From Shang to Qing: Chinese Art Through the Ages.” Join us as we explore⑤ more than 3，000 years of wonderful art from the Middle Kingdom [1]. From bronze⑥ bowls to ceramic⑦ vases⑧， and jade⑨ sculptures to ink wash paintings, our goal is to display the Chinese artistic⑩ genius from ancient times [2].
[1]此处为as引导的时间状语从句。
[2]此处为动词不定式短语作表语。
The highlight of this exhibition is the painting Clearing After Snow on a Mountain Pass ， one of the great works of Tang Yin (1470－1524) [3]. Born during the Ming Dynasty, Tang sought and failed to gain entry into the civil service, so he turned to painting instead. In time, he gained recognition as one of the greatest artists China has ever known [4]. This painting, showing high mountains, trees, and houses covered in snow [5], was made with extraordinary skill. Though it is over 500 years old [6], it looks as fresh and full of life as the day it was created.
[3]此处为名词短语作同位语，解释说明前面的作品。
[4]此处为省略了关系代词that的定语从句，修饰先行词the greatest artists。
[5]此处为现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰名词This painting。
[6]此处为though引导的让步状语从句。
Also of primary21 note22 is a collection of nearly 100 bronze objects23 from the Shang Dynasty (1600 BCE－1046 BCE). While the artists who made these great works are not known [7], they showed great skill in creating these beautiful pieces. Some of the items on display24 are thought to have come from the collection of Emperor Qianlong25 (1711－1799), a great admirer26 of Shang Dynasty bronze.[8]
[7]此处为while引导的让步状语从句，在该从句中又含有一个关系代词who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词the artists。
[8]本句中on display为介词短语作后置定语，修饰the items；a great admirer of Shang Dynasty bronze为名词短语作Emperor Qianlong的同位语。
Finally, we have many fine examples of Tang Dynasty (618－907) sculptures. Most of these are of Buddhist27 origin28. Even though Buddhism entered China much earlier [9], it did not really begin to show expansion29 until30 the seventh century. During this same period, trade along the Silk Road31 also boomed32. Chinese sculpture thus found itself highly influenced33 by Buddhist art brought from India and Central Asia through the Silk Road.[10] These works were intended to34 spread Buddhism and they are of exceptional35 beauty and quality [11]. Looking at the faces of the figures in these sculptures [12], one sees the faces of the past. History is brought to life36.
[9]此处为even though引导的让步状语从句，even though意为“尽管”。
[10]本句中“found itself...Buddhist art”为“find＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，其中highly influenced by Buddhist art为过去分词短语作宾语补足语；“brought from...”为过去分词短语作定语。
[11]此处为“of＋抽象名词”结构作表语。
[12]此处为现在分词短语作状语。
This is just a small taste of37 what is in store38 for you in this exhibition. We guarantee39 that “From Shang to Qing: Chinese Art Through the Ages” will transport you to40 another time with its amazing41 collection of works.
“From Shang to Qing: Chinese Art Through the Ages” will run until November 25.
Opening hours are from 9：00 a．m. to 5：00 p.m., from Tuesday to Sunday (the museum is closed on Mondays42). No one will be admitted into43 the exhibition after 4：30 p．m.
Admission44: $10 for adults; $8 for students; $5 for children under 12; free for children under 5.
No photos or food and drink are allowed in the museum.

[课文翻译]
中国古代艺术展
里希菲尔德美术馆很荣幸地为您呈现我们的新展览“从商到清：中国历代艺术展”。与我们一起探索来自中国超过3 000年的精彩艺术。从青铜碗到陶瓷花瓶，从玉雕到水墨画，我们的目标是展现中国古代的艺术天赋。
本次展览的亮点是唐寅(1470－1524)的巨作之一《函关雪霁图》。唐寅出生于明朝，他曾寻求进入仕途，但没有成功，于是他转向绘画。随着时代的发展，他被公认为中国有史以来最伟大的艺术家之一。这幅画以非凡的技艺呈现了高山、树木和被积雪覆盖的房屋。虽然它已经有500多年的历史了，但它看起来像刚被创作完成时一样鲜活，富有生机。
同样十分重要的(看点)是商代(公元前1600年－公元前1046年)的近百件青铜器藏品。虽然创造这些伟大作品的艺术家并不为人所知，但他们在创作这些美丽的作品时展现出了高超的技巧。一些展品被认为来自商代青铜爱好者乾隆皇帝(1711－1799)的收藏。
最后，我们有许多唐代(618－907)雕塑的精品。这些雕塑(的主题)大部分都源于佛教。尽管佛教进入中国的时间要早得多，但直到7世纪其影响力才真正开始扩大。同一时期，丝绸之路沿线的贸易也蓬勃发展。因此，中国雕塑深受经由丝绸之路从印度和中亚传入的佛教艺术的影响。这些作品旨在传播佛教，它们具有非凡的美感和品质。
看着这些雕塑中人物的面容，人们看到了过去的面容——历史复活了。
这只是该展览供您参观的一小部分。我们保证“从商到清：中国历代艺术展”将以其令人惊叹的藏品将您带到另一个时代中去。
“从商到清：中国历代艺术展”将持续到11月25日。
开放时间为周二至周日上午9：00至下午5：00(博物馆周一闭馆)。下午4：30以后，任何人不得进入参观。
门票：成人10美元；学生8美元；12岁以下儿童5美元；5岁以下儿童免费。
博物馆内禁止拍照和饮食。
自查语基　落实基本知能　
Ⅰ.核心词汇
根据语境写出正确的单词
1．listen to ________ 　听交响乐
2．________ the offer 　谢绝这个提议
3．break a ________ 　打碎一个花瓶
4．________ the quality of food 保证食品质量
5．___________ art 当代艺术
symphony　
decline　
vase　
guarantee　
contemporary
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
根据语境写出相应的派生词
1．___________ [ repr 'zent t v] adj.典型的；有代表性的　n．代表→represent vt.代表；描绘；象征→representation n．代表；表现
2．________ [ eks 'b n] n．展览；(技能、感情或行为的)表演→exhibit v．展览；展出；表现
3．________ [ɑ 't st k] adj.艺术的；艺术家的→artist n．艺术家
4．________ ['entri] n．加入；进入；参与→enter vt.进入
representative　
exhibition　
artistic　
entry　
5．________ ['s vl] adj.国民的；民用的；民事的→civilian n．平民；百姓
6．________ [ rek ɡ'n n] n．承认；认出；赞誉→recognise vt.认出；识别；承认→recognisable adj.容易认出的；易于识别的
7．________ [ k'sp n n] n．扩张；扩展；扩大→expand vt.扩大；增加
civil
recognition　
expansion
Ⅲ.重点短语
1．________________ 在展出
2．________________ 进入
3．________________ 转向
4．________________ 被公认为
5．________________ 值得
6．________________ 允许进入
7．________________ 使……鲜活起来
8．________________ 将要发生
on show/display
gain entry into
turn to
gain recognition as
be worthy of
be admitted into
bring...to life
in store
Ⅳ.重点句型
1．[句型]动词不定式作表语
[教材]Our goal is ____________________________ from ancient times.
我们的目标是展示中国古代的艺术天赋。
2．[句型]“be thought to have done sth.”意为“被认为已经做了某事”
[教材]Some of the items on display _______________________ the collection of Emperor Qianlong (1711－1799), a great admirer of Shang Dynasty bronze.
部分展品被认为来自乾隆皇帝(1711－1799)的收藏， 乾隆皇帝是商代青铜器的崇拜者。
to display the Chinese artistic genius
are thought to have come from
3．[句型]find＋宾语＋宾语补足语
[教材]Chinese sculpture thus ______________________ by Buddhist art brought from India and Central Asia through the Silk Road.
因此， 中国雕塑受到通过丝绸之路从印度和中亚传来的佛教艺术的极大影响。
4．[句型]v.-ing作状语
[教材]_________________________ in these sculptures, one sees the faces of the past. History is brought to life.
看着这些雕塑人物的面孔， 人们会看到过去时代的面孔。历史栩栩如生。
found itself highly influenced
Looking at the faces of the figures
5．[句型]even though引导让步状语从句
“not...until...”意为“直到……才……”
[教材]Even though Buddhism entered China much earlier, it _______________________________ the seventh century.
尽管佛教进入中国的时间要早得多，但直到7世纪其影响力才真正开始扩大。
did not really begin to show expansion until
Part 2课堂提升素养
探究新知　发展语言知识　
1(教材P6)These pictures are representatives of ink wash animation films.这些画面是水墨动画电影的代表。
◎representative adj.典型的；有代表性的
n．代表
(1)a representative for... ……的代理人
(2)represent v. 代表；代理；表示；象征
represent sb. as./to be 把……说成……
represent sth. to sb. 向某人陈述某事
[佳句]　The festival will be held from 6：30 p．m. to 8：30 p．m. All the teachers and students, as well as some parent representatives, will attend it.
会演将在晚上6：30到8：30举行。所有的老师和学生以及一些家长代表都将参加。(应用文之通知)
[练通]——单句语法填空
①[2021·天津卷3月]They are the ___________ (represent) of ancient civilisation and the wisdom of ancient folks.
②He represented himself ________ (be) an expert, but he knows nothing.
[写美]——一句多译
我非常高兴能代表我们学校告诉你们一些有关即将到来的排球比赛的事宜。
③____________________， I'm glad to tell you something about the coming volleyball game.
④____________________， I'm glad to tell you something about the coming volleyball game.
representatives　
to be
Representing our school
On behalf of our school
2(教材P6)decline n．(数量、价格、质量等的)减少；下降；衰落　vi.& vt.减少；下降；衰落；谢绝
(1)on the decline 在下坡路上；在衰退(减少)
in decline 在下降；在衰退中
(2)decline to do sth. 拒绝做某事
decline by... 下降了/减少了……
decline to... 下降至/减少至……
[佳句]　As the economy was in decline, a great many people had lost their jobs.
由于经济衰退，许多人已经失去了他们的工作。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①The annual sales have declined ________10%, which made the company's leaders feel like sitting on pins and needles.
②In spite of many invitations, he would always decline ________ (visit) Oxford.
[写美]——应用文之道歉信
③非常抱歉拒绝你的盛情邀请，因为我被选为我们学校的代表去参加一个会议。
__________________________________, because I have been chosen as the representative of our school to attend a meeting.
by
to visit
I'm very sorry to decline your kind invitation
3(教材P8)In time, he gained recognition as one of the greatest artists China has ever known.
随着时间的推移，他被公认为中国有史以来最伟大的艺术家之一。
◎recognition n．承认；认出；赞誉
(1)beyond recognition 认不出
(2)recognise vt. 认出；辨认出；意识到
recognise...as... 承认……是……
It is recognised that... 人们承认……
[佳句]　[2021·新高考卷Ⅰ应用文]It is my sincere hope that Youth will keep moving on, achieving success, gaining readers' recognition.
我真诚地希望《青年》继续前行，取得成功，获得读者的认可。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①The city has been built up really fast and has changed beyond ________ (recognise)．
②Zhong Nanshan is recognised ________ one of the most greatest scientists in the field of medicine in China.
[写美]——应用文之建议信
③人们普遍认为，因为沉重的学习压力越来越多的学生身体垮掉了。
________________________ more and more students' health breaks down because of heavy study pressure.
recognition
as
It is generally recognized that
4(教材P8)Even though Buddhism entered China much earlier, it did not really begin to show expansion until the seventh century.
尽管佛教进入中国的时间要早得多，但直到公元7世纪其影响力才真正开始扩大。
◎expansion n．扩张；扩展；扩大
(1)be under expansion 在扩大中
(2)expand vi. 扩大；增加
expand on/upon 充分叙述
[佳句]　The leaders of the factory are desperate for expansion of production this year.
工厂的领导迫切希望今年扩大生产。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①These graduates were the first to be enrolled under the college ________ (expand) plan.
②The purpose of the fashion shows in New Orleans is ________ (expand) the fashion market.
[写美]——应用文之建议信
③广泛阅读是增加词汇量的好方法。
________________________________by reading far and wide.
expansion
to expand
It is a good way to expand your vocabulary
5(教材P8)Even though Buddhism entered China much earlier, it did not really begin to show expansion until the seventh century.
尽管佛教进入中国的时间要早得多，但直到7世纪其影响力才真正开始扩大。
◎句型公式：even though引导让步状语从句
(1)even if/though意为“即使、尽管”，引导让步状语从句，在从句中常用一般现在时代替将来时。
(2)在主从句主语相同或从句主语为it，且从句谓语动词含有be动词时也可采用省略句结构，即省略从句的主语和be动词。
[佳句]　Even if/though you are not quite interested in the activity，I still strongly advise you to experience it.
即使你对这次活动不太感兴趣，我仍然强烈建议你去体验它。
[写美]——应用文佳句
①即使我有很多作业要做，我也会花一些空闲时间做运动，这样我就能保持健康和精力充沛。
___________________________________,I'll also spend some free time having sports so that I can keep fit and energetic.
②即使被邀请，我也不会去参加他的生日派对。
I won't go to attend his birthday party ________________．
Even though I have loads of schoolwork to do
even if invited
◎句型公式：“not...until...”意为“直到……才……”
(1)在until引导的时间状语从句中，若主句的谓语动词是延续性的，那么主句需用肯定形式；若主句的谓语动词是非延续性的，那么主句常用否定式，构成not...until...结构。
(2)not until位于句首时，主句使用倒装结构： Not until...＋助动词/情态动词＋主语＋谓语动词。
(3)not...until...句型的强调句式为： It is/was not until...that...。
[佳句]　I didn't make much progress in my oral English until my teacher offered me some practical tips.
直到我的老师给了我一些实用的建议，我才在英语口语方面取得巨大的进步。
[写美]——句式升级
I didn't realise how important building up our body was until I took part in the five-kilometer cross-country running race.
→③Not until I took part in the five-kilometer cross-country running race __________ how important building up our body was.(倒装)
→④______________________________________________________
I realised how important building up our body was.(强调句型)
did I realise
It was not until I took part in the five kilometer cross country running race that
6(教材P8)Chinese sculpture thus found itself highly influenced by Buddhist art brought from India and Central Asia through the Silk Road.
因此，中国雕塑深受经由丝绸之路从印度和中亚传入的佛教艺术的影响。
◎句型公式：find＋宾语＋宾语补足语
“find＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构形式归纳：
(1)find＋宾语＋
(2)find＋it＋形容词/名词＋to do sth.(it是形式宾语，to do sth.是真正的宾语)
[佳句]　
When he finally returned to his hometown, he found it completely changed.
当他最后回到家乡的时候，他发现家乡发生了翻天覆地的变化。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①[2021·全国甲卷]When I returned to London in 2004，I found myself ________ (wander) down to Southbank，spending hours there.
②The moment I stepped off the plane, I found my purse ________ (go). It must have been left on the flight.
[写美]——应用文之发言稿
③随着世界正逐渐变成一个地球村，我感觉有必要掌握好英语。
With the world becoming a global village gradually, I ________________________________________．
wandering
gone
find it necessary to have a good command of English
7(教材P8)History is brought to life.历史栩栩如生。
◎bring...to life赋予……生命；使……鲜活起来
come to life 活跃起来；苏醒
come back to life 苏醒过来；复活
make a life 习惯于新的生活方式；谋生
live/lead a(n)．..life 过着……生活
[佳句]　After the earthquake, the villagers tried their best to bring the village (back) to life.
地震发生后，村民们尽力使村子恢复生机。
[写美]——补全句子
①When it came to the Chinese volleyball, he __________________ (马上活跃起来)．
②The smile on her face suggested that she was ________________ (过着幸福的生活)．
[背诵点]——读后续写之神态描写
③When the children heard that their teacher ________________ (苏醒过来), the whole class ___________ (活跃起来) at once.
④Only by working hard can we _______________________ (使我们的家乡恢复生机)．(应用文之倡议书)
came to life immediately
living a happy life
came (back) to life
came to life
bring our hometown back to life
8(教材P8)We guarantee that “From Shang to Qing: Chinese Art Through the Ages” will transport you to another time with its amazing collection of works.
我们保证“从商到清：中国艺术千古流传”将以其惊人的收藏品将您带到另一个时代。
◎guarantee vt.保证；确保；肯定……必然发生　n．保证；保修单；担保物
(1)guarantee sb. sth.＝guarantee sth. to sb. 向某人保证某事
guarantee to do sth. 保证做某事
(2)under guarantee 在保修期内
give sb. a guarantee that... 向某人担保……
[佳句]　
[2021·新高考卷Ⅰ应用文]I give you a guarantee that you will be fond of it once you read the English newspaper Youth.
我向你保证，一旦你读了这份英文报《青年》，你就会爱上它。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①[2021·新高考Ⅰ卷读后续写]Such a tasty breakfast was guaranteed ________ (make) their mom joyful on Mother's Day.
②My watch is still ________ guarantee, so they will repair it free of charge.
[写美]——一句多译
我的建议可以保证你在中国有一次愉快并且难忘的旅行。
③My advice can ____________________________________________ in China.(宾语从句)
④My advice can __________________________________ in China.(双宾语)
to make
under
guarantee that you will have an enjoyable and unforgettable trip
guarantee you an enjoyable and unforgettable trip
9(教材P10)If you are not interested in works of art by classical masters, contemporary art by visual artists is also worthy of your attention.
如果你对古典大师的作品不感兴趣，那么视觉艺术家的当代艺术值得你关注。
◎worthy adj.值得……的；有价值的
(1)be worthy＋ 　值得做
(2)be worth＋n. 值得……；值……的
be worth doing sth. 值得做某事
(3)It's worthwhile＋ 　
[佳句]　
As far as I am concerned, his proposals are worthy of being considered/to be considered.
在我看来，他的提议值得考虑。
[写美]——一句多译
我认为，这个音乐节的开幕式很值得观看。
①Personally speaking, the opening ceremony of the music festival __________________．(worth)
②As far as I'm concerned, the opening ceremony of the music festival ______________________．(worthy)
③In my opinion/view, the opening ceremony of the music festival ________________________．(worthy)
④From my point of view, ______________________________ the opening ceremony of the music festival.(worthwhile)
is well worth watching
is well worthy to be watched
is well worthy of being watched
it is well worthwhile watching/to watch(共14张PPT)
单元知识回顾与提升 4
闪卡展示　快速高效
Ⅰ.请快速写出下列单词的汉语意思
1．adversity n. ________________
2．expedition n. ________________
3．vigour n. ________________
4．cupboard n. ________________
5．steward n. ________________
6．crush vt. ________________
n. ________________
7．stove n. ________________
8．miserable adj. ________________
9．cosy adj. ________________
困境；逆境
探险；远征；探险队
精力；力量；活力
橱柜；壁橱；衣柜
(轮船、飞机或火车上的)乘务员；服务员
毁坏；压坏；压碎
拥挤的人群
炉具；厨房灶具
痛苦的；令人难受的
温馨的；舒适的
10．bark vi. & n. ________________
11．rugby n. ________________
12．bat n. ________________
vi. &vt. ________________
13．damp adj. ________________
14．nephew n. ________________
15．corporate adj. ________________
16．motor n. ________________
adj. ________________
17．candidate n. ________________
18．Confucianism n. ________________
(狗)吠叫；吠叫声
橄榄球运动
球拍；蝙蝠
用球板击球；挥打；拍打
潮湿的；湿气重的
侄子；外甥
公司的；法人的；社团的
发动机；马达
有引擎的；机动车的
候选人；应试者
孔子学说；儒家(学说)
Ⅱ.请快速拼写下列单词
1．________ n. 工资
2．________ adj. 严寒的；激烈而不愉快的；味苦的
3．________ adv. & prep. 上(船、飞机、公共汽车等)
4．________ n. & vt. 羡慕；妒忌
5．________ vi. 沉没；下沉；下降
vt. 使下沉；使沉没
6．________ n. 毯子
7．________ n. & vi. 航海；航行
8．________ n. 海军；海军部队
wage
bitter
aboard
envy
sink
blanket
voyage
navy
9．______________ adj. 脾气好的/坏的
10．________ adj. 真正的；真诚的；可信赖的
11．________ n. (轮船、飞机等上面的)全体工作人员；专业团队；一群人
12．________ adj. 深入的；彻底的；细致的
13．________ n.　 家具
14．________ n.　 娱乐；消遣；游戏
15．________ adj. 汹涌的；粗糙的；粗略的
16．________ n. 动机；原因；目的
good/bad tempered
genuine
crew
thorough
furniture
recreation
rough
motive
Ⅲ.请快速检验下列拓展词
1．________ adj.符合资格；具备……的知识(或技能、学历等)→________ v．(使)具有资格；(使)合格→________ n．资格；资历；资格证书
2．________ adj.热情的；热心的→____________ adv.热情地→________ n．热情；热忱
3．________ vt.分派；布置；分配→________ n．任务；作业；分配
4．________ n．[pl.]财物；动产→________ vi.属于；应在(某处)
5．________ adj.自私的→________ adv.自私地→________ n．自私
qualified
qualify
qualification
enthusiastic
enthusiastically
enthusiasm
assign
assignment
belongings
belong
selfish
selfishly
selfishness
6．________ n．毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的精神→________ vi.坚持；孜孜以求
7．________ vi.& vt.决定；决心；解决(问题或困难)　n．决心；坚定的信念→________ n．决议；解决；坚定；决心
8．________ adj.残酷的；残忍的；冷酷的→________ adv.残忍地；残酷地→________ n．残忍；残酷
9．________ adv.不幸地；遗憾地→________ (反) adv.幸运地→________ n．运气；财产
10．________ n．指导；引导；导航→________ n．导游；指南　vt.带领；引导；为……领路
perseverance
persevere
resolve
resolution
cruel
cruelly
cruelty
unfortunately
fortunately
fortune
guidance
guide
11．________ n．广告活动；广告业→________ vt.& vi.公布；宣传；做广告→____________ n．广告；宣传
12．________ adj.忠诚的；忠实的→________ n．忠诚；忠实
13．________ n．承诺；保证；奉献→________ vt.犯(错误、罪行等)　vi.& vt.(使)承担义务；(使)作出保证→________ adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的
advertising
advertise
advertisement
loyal
loyalty
commitment
commit
committed
Ⅳ.请快速写出下列短语
1．If plastic is burnt, it will ________ (放出)poisonous gases.
2．On a cold night, people can _________ (生火)for the warmth.
3．The hall was full, and hundreds of fans had to be ____________ (拒绝)．
4．She tried to _______ (振作起来)the disappointed child when he failed to win the prize.
5．Last year, neither the experts nor the physician __________________ (对……热情)the cure for the severe disease.
give off
make fire
turned down
cheer up
was enthusiastic about
6．If you are interested, please _______ (报名参加) before 5：00 pm next Thursday so that we will make necessary arrangements.
7．In many places, people like to _______ (使爆炸) firecrackers and put up spring couplets on the door.
8．I was thirty minutes late for the meeting because I ____________ (被困在……) traffic.
sign up
set off
was stuck in
Ⅴ.请快速背诵下列课文原句
1．_______________ Blackborow's diary entries.
以下是布莱克博罗的一些日记．
2．Well, _______________ one morning I bought a newspaper and read the advertisement about the Antarctic expedition.
好吧， 一天早晨， 我碰巧买了份报纸， 看到了这则有关南极探险的招募广告。
3．The voyage _________________________all of us to make it in our small boats.
这一航行对于我们所有人而言， 太危险、太艰难了， 乘坐小船肯定无法让每个人都到达。
Below are some of
it so happened that
was too dangerous and difficult for
4．It will eventually lead to success __________________．
只要你坚持下去， 最终就会成功。
5．But I was ____________________________________________ I secretly went aboard his ship, the Endurance, and hid in a small cupboard.
但我非常想跟他们一起去， 于是我偷偷上了他的船“坚忍号”， 藏在一个小柜子里。
6．If it weren't for sea animals, we ______________.
如果没有海洋动物， 我们都会饿死。
7．_____________________ on Antarctica and no oil, so the only fuel we could use was animal fat.
南极洲没有树木生长， 也没有石油， 所以我们唯一能使用的燃料就是动物脂肪。
as long as you persevere
so enthusiastic about the idea of going along with them that
would all starve
There were no trees growing
8．_____________________ when I come back and tell them about the amazing places I have been to!
当我回来告诉他们我去过的那些神奇的地方时， 大家会多么羡慕我啊！
9．How could I become ______________________ Thomas Orde-Lees!
我怎么能变得像托马斯·奥德利斯一样自私和脾气暴躁呢！
10．When we were finally rescued, we felt __________________ many of us could not hide our tears.
当我们最终获救时， 我们感到非常轻松， 欣喜万分， 以至于我们中有许多人无法掩饰自己的眼泪。
How everyone will envy me
as selfish and bad tempered as
such relief and joy that(共13张PPT)
Section Ⅳ　Writing
——写一篇故事评论
文体感知
故事评论首先要对故事内容及主要人物进行简单的介绍。在分享故事内容的同时， 还需要介绍自己的理解、感受和看法。其基本框架为：
增分佳句
首段：介绍要评论的故事
1．I have read a nice story and I'd like to share it with you.
我读了一个很好的故事， 想把它和你分享一下。
2．Let me introduce an interesting novel.
我来介绍一部有趣的小说。
中段：介绍这个故事的主要内容、主要人物等
1．The story is mainly about a brave young man.
这个故事是关于一个勇敢的年轻人的。
2．It is the poor girl's love that cures the bad-tempered person.
是那个贫穷女孩的爱治愈了这个坏脾气的人。
3．The characters in this story are so considerate that most readers like them.
这个故事里的人物是那么善解人意， 大多数读者都喜欢他们。
4．The plots of the story are so attractive that I can't take my eyes off it.
这个故事的情节那么吸引人， 我真的移不开眼了。
5．In face of danger, they behave so bravely that they move the readers deeply.
面对困难， 他们表现得如此勇敢， 以至深深地感动了读者。
尾段：表达自己对这个故事的感受和评价
1．This is an inspiring story and I have learned a lot from it.
这是一个非常鼓舞人心的故事， 我从中学到了很多。
2．I was deeply inspired by the brave young man in this story.
我被这个故事里勇敢的年轻人深深地激励着。
3．From this story, we have learned that only by working hard can a person succeed.
从这个故事中， 我们学到的是：一个人只有努力工作才能成功。
典题演练
请根据以下要点写一篇英语故事评论。
1．沙克尔顿， 英国著名探险家， 和船员一起踏上伟大的探险之旅。途中他们被冰困住了， 大家弃船后逃到了象岛上。而沙克尔顿驾船去寻求帮助。岛上的生活非常艰苦， 但是大家凭着坚韧的毅力以及对沙克尔顿的信任活了下来；
2．在这个故事里， 船员之间真诚的关心以及沙克尔顿的乐观、坚韧都非常令人感动；
3．从这个故事中我们可以学到一个道理：无论遇到任何困难， 都不要放弃！
注意：词数80左右。
第一步　布局谋篇
第二步　遣词造句
1．伟大的沙克尔顿和船员登上了“坚忍号”轮船。
The great Shackleton and his crew ____________________________．
2．不幸的是， 在途中船被冰困住， 沉入了海洋中。
Unfortunately, on the way the ship _________________， sinking into the ocean.
3．弃船之后， 他们逃到了象岛上。
_________________________， they escaped to Elephant Island.
went aboard the ship named Endurance
became stuck in the ice
After they had abandoned the ship
4．尽管遇到很多困难， 他们最后还是活了下来。
In the end they were able to survive ________________________．
5．我被他们面对困难时的坚忍和毅力激励着。
I'm inspired by __________________________________________．
6．我从这个激励人的故事中学到了重要的道理。
I _____________________________ the inspiring story.
in spite of so many difficulties
their endurance and perseverance in the face of difficulties
have learned an important lesson from
第三步　句式升级
用非谓语动词改写第二步中的句3
_________________________________________________________
Having abandoned the ship, they escaped to Elephant Island.
第四步　完美成篇
用适当的过渡词语，把以上词汇和句式，再加上联想内容，组成一篇英语短文。
Let me introduce an interesting story about a great expedition.
The great Shackleton and his crew went aboard the ship named Endurance. Unfortunately, on the way the ship became stuck in the ice, sinking into the ocean. Having abandoned the ship, they escaped to Elephant Island. Shackleton was so brave that he left them to look for help by himself. In the end they were able to survive in spite of so many difficulties.
I'm deeply moved by the concern and love between them and I'm also inspired by their endurance and perseverance in the face of difficulties. In a word, I have learned an important lesson from the inspiring story—whatever happens, never give up.(共31张PPT)
Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language
探究新知　发展语言知识　
1(教材P52)Blank verse is probably one of the most common and influential forms of English poetry.
无韵诗可能是英国诗歌中最常见和最有影响力的诗歌之一。
◎blank adj.空白的；无图画(或韵律、装饰)的；没表情的；茫然的n.空白；空格
[佳句]　Hearing the news, my mind went blank.
听到这个消息， 我的脑子一片空白。
[写美]——完成句子
①我努力想他的名字， 但我的脑子里完全一片空白。
I am trying to think of his name, but my mind is ________________．
②我们还要再次解释， 但是他只是面无表情地看了我们一眼。
We tried to explain again, but he just ________________．
a complete blank
gave us a blank look
2(教材P53)In these poems the poet Tagore shows a sympathetic understanding of children's feelings.
在这些诗中， 诗人泰戈尔对孩子们的感受表示同情。
◎sympathetic adj.同情的；有同情心的；赞同的
(1)be sympathetic to/towards... 赞同某事；同情某人
(2)sympathy n. 同情；赞同
have (no) sympathy for sb. (不)同情某人
in sympathy with... 赞同；支持
with sympathy 同情地
[佳句]　To be honest, I am sympathetic with the people who are stuck in this horrible situation.
老实说， 我很同情那些被困在这种可怕情况下的人。
[练通]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①[2022·全国乙卷]The one in the new environment should be ________ (sympathy) to the fact that your friend may feel abandoned.
②_______________ (出于同情)the homeless child the old man gave him shelter for the night.
[写美]——一句多译
[2020·新高考全国Ⅰ， 读后续写]Meredith太太同情穷人， 因此每当她有时间的时候， 她都会给他们带来食物和药品。
③Mrs Meredith ____________________________， so she would bring food and medicine to them whenever she had time.(sympathetic)
④Mrs Meredith _______________________， so she would bring food and medicine to them whenever she had time.(sympathy)
sympathetic
Out of sympathy for
was sympathetic towards/to the poor
had sympathy for the poor
3(教材P53)Browning fell in love with her poetry and then they entered into personal correspondence.
布朗宁爱上了她的诗， 然后他们开始了私人通信。
◎correspondence n．来往信件；通信联系
(1)in correspondence with... 和……一致；与……有通信联系
(2)correspond vi. 相一致；符合；相当于；通信
correspond to 相当于；符合；相似
correspond with... 与……通信；与……相一致
[佳句]　His interest in writing came from a long correspondence with a close college friend.
他对写作的兴趣来自与一位大学密友的长时间通信。
[写美]——完成句子/一句多译
(1)我的笔友的爱好和我相似， 因此我们经常通信， 就文学作品交换意见。
My pen-pal's hobbies ________________， and hence, we often
.______________________ to exchange ideas on literary works.
(2)只有当你言行一致时， 你才能和别人相处融洽。
①Only when what you do is ___________________ what you say can you get along well with others.
②Only when what you do ________________ what you say can you get along well with others.
correspond to mine
correspond with each other
in correspondence with
corresponds with
复习定语从句
[自主感知]
①There are various reasons why people compose poetry.
②Some of the first poems a young child learns in English are nursery rhymes.
③One of the simplest kinds of poem is the “list poem”， which contains a list of things, people, ideas, or descriptions that develop a particular theme.
④List poems have a flexible line length and repeated phrases which give both a pattern and a rhythm to the poem.
⑤Another simple form of poem that amateurs can easily write is the cinquain, which is made up of five lines.
⑥Haiku is a Japanese form of poetry that consists of 17 syllables.
⑦The haiku poem on the right is a translation from Japanese, which shows a moment in the life of a delicate butterfly.
[自我发现]
1．句①、②、④、⑤、⑥是________定语从句；句③、⑤是________定语从句。
2．句②中省略了定语从句的关系词。
3．句①是________引导定语从句；句③、④、⑤、⑥、⑦都是________引导定语从句。
限制性
非限制性
关系副词
关系代词
[语法规则]
一、关系代词的基本用法
1．关系代词who、whom和whose
关系代词 先行词 在从句中充当的成分
who 人 主语、宾语
whom 人 宾语
whose 人/物 定语
①Li Ming, who is my cousin, has gradually adjusted to the life in America.
我的表弟李明已逐渐适应了美国的生活。 (作主语)
②I've become good friends with Li Hua (who/whom) I met in the English speech contest.
我与在英语演讲比赛中结识的李华成了好朋友。(作宾语， 可省略)
③I live next door to a couple whose children often make a lot of noise.
我住在一对夫妻的隔壁， 他们的孩子们总是弄出很大的响声。(作定语)
2．关系代词which和that
①I've got a novel (which/that) you may like to read.
我有一本你或许会喜欢读的小说。(作宾语， 可省略)
②Views that/which are entirely new may be hard to accept.
那些全新的观点或许很难被接受。(指物， 作主语)
③The number of the people who come to visit the city each year rises by 15%.
来这座城市游玩的人数每年增加15%。(指人， 作主语)
关系代词 先行词 在从句中充当的成分
which 物 主语、宾语
that 人/物 主语、宾语、表语
[巧学活用1]——用适当的关系代词填空
①[2022·全国乙卷]At present it is expected to generate ￡240m for the year ending in April 2019, ________ will go to school sports.
②Children ________ are not active in exercise or ________ diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly.
③Happiness and success often come to those ________ are good at recognising their strengths.
which
who
whose
who
二、关系副词的基本用法
1．关系副词when、where和why
关系副词 先行词 在从句中充当的成分
when 表示时间的名词 时间状语
where 表示地点的名词 地点状语
why 表示原因的名词(reason) 原因状语
①We don't know the exact time when the English Evening will be held.
我们不知道英语晚会举行的确切时间。(时间状语)
②[2021·浙江卷6月]There are two parks less than 10 minutes' walk from home where neighbourhood children gather to play.
从家里步行不到10分钟就有两个公园， 附近的孩子们聚集在那里玩耍。(地点状语)
③I am writing to inform you of the reasons why our school's drama club is popular with us students.
我写信告知你我们学校的戏剧俱乐部受我们学生欢迎的原因。 (原因状语)
2．关系副词when、where和why可转换为“介词＋which”
when、where可根据先行词、从句的谓语及句意使用适当的介词， 但是关系副词why只可转换为“for＋which”。
①He will never forget the days when/in which he learned drama.
他永远不会忘记他学习戏剧的那段时光。
②Unfortunately, some poor men have no house where/in which he can live.
不幸的是， 一些穷人没有房子住。
3．表示抽象地点的名词(case, situation, condition, atmosphere, activity, job, career, point, stage等)作先行词， 且从句中缺少地点状语时， 常用关系副词where引导定语从句。
①The manager is trying to create an easy atmosphere where his employees enjoy their work.
经理正尽力创造一种轻松的气氛， 在这种气氛中， 员工喜欢他们的工作。
②Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity where sight matters more than hearing.
那些成功的聋人舞蹈家认为跳舞是一种视觉比听觉更重要的活动。
[巧学活用2]——用适当的关系副词填空
①His teacher didn't know the reason ________he failed in the spoken contest.
②The song brought the time back to me ________ I was taken good care of in the countryside by my grandparents.
③Their youngest girl is at the stage ________ she can say a single word but not a full sentence.
why
when
where
三、“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句
1．“介词＋关系代词”结构中的关系代词通常用which或whom, 不用that。
①There comes Tom, for whom I have been waiting an hour or so.
汤姆来了， 我等了他大约一个小时。
②I'll never forget the days on which we studied together.
我永远忘不了我们一起学习的日子。
2．固定动词短语中的介词一般不能提前。常见的这类动词短语有listen to, look at, depend on, look for, pay attention to, take care of, look after, take part in, make use of, catch up with, get along with, hear of, look forward to等。
①This must be the key that she is looking for.
这一定是她正在寻找的那把钥匙。
②This is the baby whom you will look after.
这就是你将要照看的婴儿。
③We often talk about the people and the things that we heard of.
我们经常谈论我们听说的人和事。
3．“不定代词/数词＋介词＋which/whom”引导的定语从句说明整体中的部分。
①The event was organized by two people, both of whom are amateurs.
这次活动是由两个人组织的， 他们两人都是业余爱好者。
②He bought many apples, all of which were delicious.
他买了很多苹果， 都很好吃。
4．“the＋名词＋of which”或“of which＋the＋名词”； 可替换成“whose＋名词”引导定语从句。
The house the windows of which/of which the windows/whose windows were damaged has now been repaired.
窗户遭到破坏的那个房子现在已经修好了。
[巧学活用3]——将下列句子升级为定语从句
①The man has two daughters, and both of them work as teachers.
→The man has two daughters, ____________ work as teachers.
②The factory produces thousands of computers every year and 50% of them are sold abroad.
→The factory produces thousands of computers every year, ____________ are sold abroad.
③John studied at this university from 2013 to 2016, and he studied very hard during that time.
→John studied at this university from 2013 to 2016, ______________ he studied very hard.
both of whom
50% of which
during which time
四、as、which引导非限制性定语从句
项目 as which
指代 引导的从句只能指代整个主句的内容 引导的从句既可指代整个主句的内容， 也可指代主句的一部分内容
位置 引导的从句可位于主句之前、之中或之后 引导的从句不能置于主句之前
意义 正如 这、那
功能 连接上下文， 表达说话人的观点、看法， 并指出主句内容的根据或出处等 引导的从句在意义上相当于一个并列句
①As we all know, a person's words should correspond with his deeds.
众所周知， 一个人应该言行一致。
②As an old saying goes, “All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.”
正如那句老话所说：“只学习， 不玩耍， 聪明的孩子会变傻。”
③Therefore, this time I will introduce Tang poetry to you, which is of great help in learning Chinese.
因此， 这次我将向你介绍唐诗， 它将有助于你学习汉语。
[巧学活用4]——用as或which填空
①She and her family bicycle to work, ________ helps them keep fit.
②________ is reported, a foreign delegation will visit the city.
③He worked out the complicated problem, ________ surprised us.
④________ is often the case with human beings, many animals sleep a lot when young, but sleep much less when they get older.
which
As
which
As
五、that和which引导定语从句的区别
关系代词只用 that 不用 which 的几种情况：
1．当先行词为 all, everything, nothing, anything, little, much 等不定代词时。
You should hand in all that belongs to you.
你应该把属于你的所有东西交上来。
2．当先行词被very, both, the only, all, every, no, any, little, much, some等修饰时。
The only thing that we can do is give you some advice.
我们唯一能做的就是给你一些建议。
3．当先行词被形容词的最高级修饰时。
This is the best way that has been used against pollution.
这是用来治理污染最好的方法。
4．当先行词被序数词修饰时。
It is the first American movie that I've ever seen.
这是我看过的第一部美国电影。
5．当先行词既包括人又包括物时。
They will never forget the things and persons that they've seen or heard of during their long journey.
他们将永远不会忘记他们在长途旅行中见到或听说过的人和事。
[巧学活用5]——用that或which填空
①[2021·全国甲卷满分作文]To introduce traditional Chinese culture, our school will hold a theme class meeting, ________ will be exhibited on the English website.
②There is nothing ________ can prevent him from doing it.
③The first place ________ they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill.
④The boy and his dog __________ were believed to be lost in the wood were rescued this morning.
which
that
that
that(共37张PPT)
Section Ⅲ　Using Language
Part 1 课前预习设计
Part 2课堂提升素养
Part 1 课前预习设计
自读课文　疏通文脉大意　
Read the text on Page 56 carefully and then choose the best answer.
1．How do I know where the wind goes
A．I go with the wind.
B．I can detect the direction.
C．I know it by observing where the kite is blown.
D．I know it by guessing.
C
2．What can we infer from the poem DREAM
A．No matter how hard life is, we should have a dream.
B．Dreams can change our life.
C．Life and dream are inseparable.
D．Dreams don't have a positive influence on people.
3．What is the poem A MATCH about
A.Ideal.　　B．Love.　　C．Friendship.　D．Race.
A
B
精读课文　疏通理解障碍
[读文清障]
【作家名片】
艾伦·亚历山大·米尔恩
艾伦·亚历山大·米尔恩是一位富有想象力的英国儿童诗人， 他最著名的作品是《小熊维尼》。他的儿童读物特别受欢迎， 这也成了他作品的象征， 以至他在晚年有时很难让成年读者认真对待他更成熟的作品。
①keep up with追上；跟上
②string [str ] n．细绳；线；一串 vt.悬挂；系adj.弦乐器的；线织的
③wherever [we r'ev (r)]conj.在任何地方；在所有……的情况下adv.(用于问句)究竟在(到)哪里
【作家名片】
兰斯顿·休斯
兰斯顿·休斯在美国文坛， 尤其是黑人文学领域， 是一位举足轻重的人物。他写过小说、戏剧、散文、传记等各种文体的作品， 还把西班牙文和法文的诗歌翻译成英文， 甚至编辑过其他黑人作家的文选， 但他以诗歌闻名， 被誉为“黑人民族的桂冠诗人”。
④hold fast to...紧紧抓住……
⑤broken-winged adj.折翼的
⑥barren ['b r n] adj.贫瘠的；不结果实的
⑦frozen adj.冰封的；封冻的；结冰的
【作家名片】
阿尔加侬·查尔斯·斯温伯恩
阿尔加侬·查尔斯·斯温伯恩是一位英国诗人、文学评论家。他的诗作技巧纯熟， 色彩丰富， 音调优美， 有唯美主义倾向。著名诗剧有《卡里顿的阿塔兰达》和关于苏格兰玛丽女王的三部曲， 长诗有《日出前的歌》， 此外还有诗集《诗歌与民谣》。
⑧grief [ɡri f] n．悲伤；悲痛；伤心事
[原文呈现]
WIND ON THE HILL
No one can tell me,
Nobody knows,
Where the wind comes from,
Where the wind goes.
It's flying from somewhere
As fast as it can,
I couldn't keep up with① it,
Not if I ran.
But if I stopped holding
The string② of my kite,
It would blow with the wind
For a day and a night.[1]
And then when I found it,
Wherever③ it blew, [2]
I should know that the wind
Had been going there too.
So then I could tell them
Where the wind goes...
But where the wind comes from
Nobody knows.
A.A.Milne
[1]此处是虚拟条件句， 表示与现在事实相反的假设， 从句谓语用过去式， 主句谓语用“would＋动词原形”。
[2]此处是wherever引导的让步状语从句， 意为“无论哪里”。
DREAM
Hold fast to④ dreams,
For if dreams die
Life is a broken-winged⑤ bird
That cannot fly.
Hold fast to dreams,
For when dreams go
Life is a barren⑥ field
Frozen⑦ with snow.
Langston Hughes
A MATCH
If love were what the rose is,
And I were the leaf,
Our lives would grow together
In sad or singing weather,
Brown fields or flowerful closes,
Green pleasure or grey grief⑧；
If love were what the rose is,
And I were like the leaf.
A.C.Swinburne
[课文翻译]
山上的风
没有人能够告诉我，
也没有人会知道，
风来自哪里，
又将去往哪里。
它从某个地方吹来
尽它所能， 飞快地吹来，
我追不上它，
即使我奔跑。
但如果我不再紧握
手中的风筝线，
它将随风飘走
一天一夜。
后来当我找到它时，
无论它飘到哪儿，
我会知道风
也曾去过那里。
所以那时我能告诉人们
风去了哪里……
但是风从哪里来
没有人知道。
艾伦·亚历山大·米尔恩
梦想
紧紧抓住梦想，
梦想若是消亡
生命就像鸟儿折了翅膀
再也不能飞翔。
紧紧抓住梦想，
梦想若是消亡
生命就像贫瘠的荒野
雪覆冰封， 万物不再生长。
兰斯顿·休斯
配偶
爱情若是玫瑰，
我便是绿叶，
花和叶同生同长
沐阳光或披风霜，
在花坞或田野里，
共担忧伤共喜悦；
爱情若是玫瑰，
我便是绿叶。
阿尔加侬·查尔斯·斯温伯恩
自查语基　落实基本知能　
Ⅰ.核心词汇
根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词
1．miss the ________ 错过最后期限
2．take part in a speech ________ 参加一场演讲比赛
3．________ the essay 润色文章
4．tie the package with ________ 用绳捆好包裹
5．a ________ desert 不毛的沙漠
6．be overcome with ________ 悲痛欲绝
7．a __________ social phenomenon 一种复杂的社会现象
8．racial ________ 种族偏见
deadline
contest
polish
string
barren
grief
complicated
prejudice
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．________ [ ve ri'e n] n．变化；变体；变奏曲→vary vi.& vt.使不同；改变， 变化→various adj.不同的→variety n．多样性
2．________ ['re l] adj.种族的；人种的→race n．人种；种族；赛跑；比赛vi.& vt. (与……)赛跑；(与……)竞争→racism n．种族主义；种族偏见
variation
racial
Ⅲ.重点短语
1．________________ 赶上
2．________________ 紧紧抓住
3．________________ 介意；在乎
4．________________ 紧紧抓住
5．________________ 偶然遇到
6．________________ 谋生
7．________________ 熟悉
8．________________ 期待
keep up with
hold fast to
care about
hold onto
come across
make a living
be familiar with
look forward to
Ⅳ.重点句型
1．[句型]wherever引导让步状语从句
[教材]And then when I found it, ______________， I should know that the wind had been going there too.
无论向哪里吹， 我都知道风也曾去过那里。
2．[句型]if引导虚拟条件句
[教材]_____________________， and I were the leaf, our lives would grow together.
如果爱情好似香艳的玫瑰， 而我好似它的叶片儿青翠， 我们将在一起生长。
wherever it blew
If love were what the rose is
3．[句型]过去分词(短语)作状语
[教材]___________ what you have learnt about Fan Zhongyan and Su Shi from this book, what do you think they have in common
根据你从这本书中对范仲淹和苏轼的了解， 你认为他们有什么共同之处？
Based on
Part 2课堂提升素养
探究新知　发展语言知识　
1(教材P54)When is the deadline for the poetry contest
诗歌比赛的截止日期是什么时候？
◎deadline　n．最后期限；截止日期
ahead of the deadline 在截止日期之前
before the deadline 在截止日期之前
meet the deadline 按时完成
miss the deadline 未按时完成
[佳句]　I just want to remind you all that the deadline for the poetry contest is June 24th.
我只是想提醒大家， 诗歌比赛的截止日期是6月24日。
[写美]——应用文佳句
①我希望你们能在最后限期之前交上你们的学期论文。(应用文之通知)
I hope you can __________________________________．
②我建议我们应该设定一个上交计划的最后期限。
I propose that we should _______________ handing in the plans.
submit your term papers ahead of the deadline
set a deadline for
2(教材P56)I couldn't keep up with it, not if I ran.
我追不上它， 即使我奔跑着。
◎keep up with　跟上， 赶上， 与(某人)保持联系
come up with 提出；想出
put up with 忍受；容忍
catch up with 赶上
[佳句]　Though she is very old, she likes to keep up with the latest fashions.
虽然上了年纪， 但她仍喜欢赶时髦。(应用文之人物介绍)
[写美]——应用文佳句
①I'll have to ________________ till I move next week.
我下周就要搬走了， 在此之前， 我还是得忍受这种噪声。
②After seeing the film, anyone can _______________________about the film.
看完这部电影后， 任何人都可以提出他/她对这部电影的看法。
put up with the noise
come up with his/her opinions
3(教材P56)And then when I found it, wherever it blew, I should know that the wind had been going there too.
后来当我找到它时， 无论它飘到哪儿， 我会知道风， 也曾去过那里。
◎句型公式：
(1)whenever, wherever, however引导让步状语从句， 相当于no matter when/where/how。
(2)whatever, whoever, whichever, whomever既可引导名词性从句， 也可引导让步状语从句；在引导让步状语从句时相当于no matter what/who/which/whom。
(3)“no matter＋疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句， 可放在主句前或主句后。
[佳句]　Wherever/No matter where we go, we should try our best to spread our traditional Chinese cultures and customs.
无论我们走到哪里， 我们都应该尽力传播我们的中国传统文化和习俗。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①________ you need help, I sincerely hope that you can get in touch with me without hesitation.
②By setting up a family blog, we can conveniently share our experiences ________we are.
③By the way, ________ difficulty you meet with, I'm always here waiting for you to turn to.
Whenever
wherever
whatever
[写美]—应用文之短文投稿
④[2022·全国乙卷书面表达]无论我们选择什么方法， 是我们内在的兴趣和热情让我们在英语上取得辉煌的进步。
______________________， it is our inner interest and enthusiasm that allow us to make brilliant progress in English.
Whatever method we choose
4(教材P58)Dream variation, for example.
例如， 梦想的变化。
◎variation　n．变化；变体；变奏曲
(1)vary vi.& vt. 不同；变化；变更
vary with... 随着……变化
vary from...to... 从……到……不等
(2)variety n. 多样性
varieties of/ a variety of 各种各样的
various adj. 各种各样的；多种(类型)的；不同的
[佳句]　A variation of a gene can influence people's social behaviour.
基因的不同会影响人们的社会行为。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①One of the advantages is that we can find ________ (vary) of topics, such as science, culture and history.
②Flame works three to five days a week, with each photoshoot ________ ( vary)from a few hours to a full day.
[写美]——应用文佳句
③在我的业余时间， 我将继续定期锻炼， 如游泳、跑步和参加各种球类运动。
In my spare time, I'll continue to take regular exercise, such as swimming, running and _________________________________．
varieties
varying
various/a variety of/varieties of ball games
5(教材P58)The poem is about the dream of a world free of inequality and racial prejudice.
这首诗是关于一个人人平等和没有种族偏见的梦想世界。
◎prejudice　n．偏见， 成见　vt.使怀有(或形成)偏见
(1)have a prejudice against... 对……有偏见
racial prejudice 种族偏见
(2)prejudice sb. against sth. 使某人对某事产生偏见
[佳句]　His voice and manner prejudice his audience against him.
他的声音和举止都使听众反感。
[写美]——应用文佳句
作为教师， 我们不应该对任何学生抱有偏见， 即使他们有时会犯错误。
As a teacher, we shouldn't __________________________ even though they sometimes make mistakes.
have prejudice against any student
6(教材P60)Based on what you have learnt about Fan Zhongyan and Su Shi from this book, what do you think they have in common
根据你从这本书中对范仲淹和苏轼的了解， 你认为他们有什么共同之处？
◎过去分词(短语)作状语
(1)过去分词(短语)作状语表示被动的和完成的动作， 表示时间、原因、让步等；
(2)过去分词(短语)作状语时其逻辑主语为主句的主语， 此时应注意人称一致；
(3)过去分词(短语)作状语可改为状语从句；
(4)过去分词(短语)作状语的位置：过去分词可放在主句前作句首状语， 后面用逗号与主句隔开；也可放在主句后面， 前面用逗号与主句隔开。
[佳句]　She walked out of the house, followed by her little daughter.
她走出了房子， 后面跟着她的小女儿。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①________ (catch) in a heavy rain, he was all wet.
②________ (see) from the space, the earth is a blue planet.
[写美]——应用文之活动介绍
③[2020·全国卷Ⅱ满分作文]上周末， 在学生会的组织下， 一群志愿者去了希望农场帮助农民摘桃子。
_________________________， a group of volunteers went to Hope Farm to help the farmers pick peaches last weekend.
Caught
Seen
Organized by the Student Union(共14张PPT)
Section Ⅳ　Writing
——写一篇关于健康饮食的文章
文体感知
健康饮食是一个重要话题，与学生的生活息息相关，是高考考查的热点话题，也是写作的重要内容之一。其基本结构为：
首段——提出关于健康饮食的观点；
中段——从几个方面分层次具体论证观点；
尾段——对全文进行总结。
增分佳句
一、夺人眼球开头句
1．Healthy eating habits are very important for our health.
健康的饮食习惯对我们的健康很重要。
2．We should develop healthy eating habits.
我们应该养成健康的饮食习惯。
二、亮点出彩篇中句
1．Health is more important than wealth.
健康比财富更重要。
2．Good health enables us to enjoy our life and achieve what we hope for in our career.
良好的健康使我们能够享受我们的生活和成就我们对事业的期望。
3．There is no denying that exercising regularly and keeping a balanced diet are of great benefit to our health.
没有人能够否认这一事实：经常锻炼和保持均衡的饮食对健康非常有益。
4．We should also eat less meat every day and we had better drink a glass of milk in the morning or at night.
我们每天还应该少吃肉，最好每天早上或晚上喝一杯牛奶。
5．Besides, we should focus on a balanced diet, which ensures us the necessary nutrition.
此外，我们应该注意饮食均衡，这能保证我们必要的营养。
6．We need to eat breakfast, lunch as well as dinner every day.
我们每天需要吃早餐、午餐和晚餐。
三、韵味无穷结尾句
In a word, we should have a balanced diet.
总之，我们应该有一个均衡的饮食。
典题演练
人们的健康很大程度上受制于饮食习惯。请你写一篇英语作文，就如何养成良好的饮食习惯发表你的看法。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
第一步　布局谋篇
第二步　遣词造句
1．健康的饮食习惯对我们的健康非常重要。
________________ are very important for our health.
2．我们应该每天吃新鲜的蔬菜和水果，因为它们为我们提供了维生素。
We should ____________________ every day, as they supply vitamins to us.
3．早上或晚上喝一杯牛奶也是有益的。
________________________________ is also beneficial.
4．我们应该注重均衡饮食，它保证我们必要的营养。
We should _________________ and it assures us the necessary nutrients.
Healthy eating habits
eat fresh vegetables and fruit
A glass of milk in the morning or at night
focus on a balanced diet
5．垃圾食品是我们健康的致命杀手，所以我们应该远离它。
Junk food is a fatal killer for our health, so______________________．
6．不吃早餐是一个很坏的习惯，这对我们的健康有很大的危害。
________________ to skip breakfast, which does great harm to our health.
7．我们应该吃健康的食物，保持精力充沛。
We should eat healthy food to ___________________．
we should stay away from it
It is a very bad habit
keep ourselves energetic
第三步　句式升级
1．用定语从句改写第二步中的句4
__________________________________________________________
2．用v.-ing形式作主语改写第二步中的句6
__________________________________________________________
We should focus on a balanced diet, which assures us the necessary nutrients.
Skipping breakfast is a very bad habit, which does great harm to our health.
第四步　完美成篇
用适当的过渡词语，把以上词汇和句式，再加上联想内容，组成一篇英语短文。
Healthy eating habits are very important for our health. But how can we form a healthy eating habit
In my opinion, we should eat fresh vegetables and fruit every day, as they supply vitamins to us. A glass of milk in the morning or at night is also beneficial. Besides, we should focus on a balanced diet, which assures us the necessary nutrients.
Junk food is a fatal killer for our health, so we should stay away from it. What's more, skipping breakfast is a very bad habit, which does great harm to our health.
All in all, we should eat healthy food to keep ourselves energetic.(共4张PPT)
UNIT 1　ART
　Section Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking
　Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language
　Section Ⅲ　Using Language
　Section Ⅳ　Writing——写一则艺术展览通知
单元知识回顾与提升 1
UNIT 2　HEALTHY LIFESTYLE
　Section Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking
　Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language
　Section Ⅲ　Using Language
　Section Ⅳ　Writing——写一封关于健康生活方式的信
单元知识回顾与提升 2
UNIT 3　ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
　Section Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking
　Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language
　Section Ⅲ　Using Language
　Section Ⅳ　Writing——写一篇关于健康饮食的文章
单元知识回顾与提升 3
UNIT 4　ADVERSITY AND COURAGE
　Section Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking
　Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language
　Section Ⅲ　Using Language
　Section Ⅳ　Writing——写一篇故事评论
单元知识回顾与提升 4
UNIT 5　POEMS
　Section Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking
　Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language
　Section Ⅲ　Using Language105
　Section Ⅳ　Writing——写一篇诗歌评论
单元知识回顾与提升 5(共47张PPT)
Section Ⅲ　Using Language
Part 1 课前预习设计
Part 2课堂提升素养
Part 1 课前预习设计
自读课文　疏通文脉大意　
Read the texts on Page 32～33 carefully and then choose the best answer.
1．What's the text mainly about
A．The beauty of the Li River.
B．What some tourists did led to the water pollution.
C．The ways to increase crop production.
D．Some measures to reduce water pollution in the Li River.
D
2．What is the main idea of the second paragraph
A．Some tourists threw garbage into the Li River.
B．Some tourists didn't care about the Li River.
C．The local population rose rapidly.
D．What caused water pollution in the Li River.
D
3．What can we learn from the last two paragraphs
A．People can do nothing to reduce water pollution in the Li River.
B．Some measures have been taken to reduce water pollution in the Li River.
C．Tourists are not allowed to visit the Li River.
D．The local authorities never inspect the Li River.
B
4．With these measures, what is people's attitude towards the future of the Li River
A．Positive. B．Concerned.
C．Negative. D．Indifferent.
A
精读课文　疏通理解障碍
[读文清障]
①domestic adj.本国的；国内的；家庭的
②have an effect on...对……有影响
③look at研究；考虑
④deal with处理
⑤previously adv.以前
previous adj.以前的
⑥volume ['v lju m] n．[C，U]量；体积；(成套书籍中的)一卷
⑦garbage ['ɡɑ b d ] n．[U] 垃圾；废物
⑧contribute to...是……的原因之一
⑨enterprise ['ent pra z] n．[C]公司；企业；事业
state-owned/public enterprises国有企业/公共事业单位
⑩end up最终成为；最后处于
end up doing sth.以做某事而告终
restore [r 'st (r)] vt.恢复；使复原；修复
restore...to...使……恢复到……
address vt.处理
conservation [ k ns 've n] n.[U](对环境、文物等)保护；保持
conserve vt.保护；保存
dozens of许多；很多
dozen ['d zn] n．[C](一)打；十二个
set up 建立
regulation [ reɡju'le n] n．[C，usually pl.]章程；规章制度
set up regulations设立规章制度
regarding prep.关于；至于
regard vt.看待
disposal [d 'sp zl] n．[U]去掉；清除；处理
garbage disposal methods垃圾处理方法
furthermore adv.而且
＝what's more/in addition/besides
awareness n．意识
aware adj.意识到的
be aware of...意识到……
(21)carry out执行；进行
(22)inspection [ n'spek n] n．[C，U]检查；查看；视察
carry out inspections进行检查
inspect vt.视察
(23)fine [fa n] vt.对……处以罚款　n．[C] 罚款
fine...for sth./for doing sth.因(做)某事对……处以罚款
(24)in addition此外
(25)campaign [k m'pe n] n. [C] 运动；战役　vi.& vt.参加运动；领导运动
launch a campaign发起运动
(26)in effect在实施中；有效
(27)waterway ['w t we ] n．[C]水道；航道
(28)head towards...朝着……前进
[原文呈现]
REDUCING WATER POLLUTION
IN THE LI RIVER
The beautiful Li River and its amazing surrounding scenery is one of the most well-known tourist destinations in China's Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. It attracts millions of domestic① and foreign visitors each year. However, its reputation as a top destination has had negative effects on② the river's water quality. This report looks at③ the problem of water pollution and some actions that have been taken to deal with④ it [1].
Previously⑤， water quality in the Li River had suffered greatly from an increasing volume⑥ of tourists, many of whom frequently threw garbage⑦ into the river[2]. Many tour boats contributed to⑧ the problem too. Kitchens on board were using lots of oil, which was often thrown into the water [3]. The growth in tourism also meant the local population rose rapidly, as well as the number of commercial and industrial enterprises⑨.Water pollution levels increased, with more household and commercial waste ending up⑩ in the river [4]. In order to feed more people, more chemicals were used to increase crop production. These chemicals led to severe water quality issues, causing a decrease in the number of fish species [5]. Local officials were concerned that the pollution was damaging the natural environment and felt that urgent steps should be taken to restore the river's original beauty.[6]
[1]that在此处引导定语从句，修饰some actions。
[2]画线部分为“代词＋of＋关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词tourists。
[3]which在此处引导非限制性定语从句。修饰上文的名词oil。
[4]画线部分为with复合结构作原因状语。
[5]此处的causing...是现在分词短语，表示结果。
[6]在本句中的两个that都是引导宾语从句。
A comprehensive initiative was started, with a number of measures that addressed the issues [7]. The construction of waste water treatment facilities improved the water quality and water conservation . The collection and transport of household waste was also improved. Dozens of polluting enterprises were closed or moved. The local government set up strict regulations regarding further industrial development. New rules were also introduced regarding tour boat routes and garbage disposal methods. Furthermore ， the local authorities began to use the media to spread environmental awareness and encourage greater use of clean energy. At the same time, they started to carry out21 inspections22 regularly and fine23 tourist organisations for abuses. With these measures, it is believed that the beauty of the Li River will be preserved for generations to come [8].
[7]that在此处引导定语从句，修饰measures。
[8]画线部分中， it为形式主语，真正的主语为that引导的主语从句； to come为动词不定式作后置定语，修饰generations。
In addition24, the ambitious “Water Ten Plan” is also now tackling water pollution across the country. Other initiatives, such as the “River Chief System”， hold senior officials responsible for reducing water pollution. With such campaigns25 in effect26, China's waterways27 are heading towards28 a clean and sustainable future.　　
[课文翻译]
减少漓江的水污染
美丽的漓江及其迷人的风景是中国广西壮族自治区最著名的旅游胜地之一。它每年吸引数百万的国内外游客。然而，它作为顶级旅游胜地的声誉对河流的水质产生了负面影响。这份报告着眼于水污染问题以及为解决这个问题而采取的一些行动。
以往，漓江的水质因游客量的增长遭到了严重破坏，一些游客频繁将垃圾扔进江中。许多旅游船也导致了这个问题。船上的厨房用了大量的油，这些油经常被倒入水中。旅游业的增长也意味着当地人口以及商业和工业企业的数量迅速增加。水污染水平上升，更多的家庭和商业废物最终流入河中。为了养活更多的人，使用了更多的化学药品来增加农作物的产量。这些化学物质导致严重的水质问题，导致鱼类种类减少。当地官员担心污染正在破坏自然环境，并认为应采取紧急措施恢复河流的原始美景。
当地实施综合计划，多措并举，以解决这些问题。污水处理设施的建设改善了水质，节约了用水。生活垃圾的收集和运输也得到了改善。数十家污染企业被关闭或搬迁。地方政府对进一步发展工业制定了严格的规定。有关旅游船路线和垃圾处理方法的新规定也已出台。此外，地方当局开始利用媒体宣传环境意识，鼓励更多地使用清洁能源。同时，他们开始定期进行检查，并对旅游组织的陋习进行罚款。相信通过这些措施，漓江之美将得以世代相传。
另外，“水十条”的宏伟规划则是为了治理整个国家的水污染问题。例如“河长制”这样的举措，还将减少水污染作为高级官员的责任。实际上，随着这些行动(的展开)，中国的水资源正朝着洁净的、可持续发展的未来迈进。

自查语基　落实基本知能　
Ⅰ.核心词汇
根据语境写出正确的单词
1．________ greater change 经历了更大的变化
2．________ rainfall 适度的降雨量
3．make an ________ report 做年度报告
4．a ________ power plant 一个核电站
5．be ________ to the sudden change of weather
对天气的突然变化要敏感
6．the king of the ________ 丛林之王
undergo　
moderate　
annual　
nuclear
sensitive　
jungle　
7．have a reputation for ________
以烟雾闻名
8．be ________ for illegal parking
因违章停车而被处以罚款
9．launch a ________ 发起一项运动
10．________ public order 恢复公共秩序
smog　
fined　
campaign　
restore
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
根据提示写出相应的单词
1．________ [ 'r d ne t] vi.& vt.起源；发源；创立→origin n．起源；开端→original adj.最初的；原来的；首创的
2．________ [ k ns 've n] n．对(环境、文物等)保护；保持→conservative adj.保守的；因循守旧的→conserve vt.保护；保存
3．________ [ reɡj 'le n] n．章程；规章制度→regular adj.有规律的；定期的→regularly adv.有规律地→irregular adj.无规律的；不规则的
originate　
conservation　
regulation　
4．________ [d 'sp zl] n．去掉；清除；处理→dispose v．去掉；清除
5．________ [ n'spek n] n．检查；查看；视察→inspect v．视察；检查；检阅→inspector n．检查员；巡视员
6．________ ['t l re t] vt.忍受；包容；容许→tolerant adj.容忍的→tolerance n．忍耐；宽容
disposal
inspection　
tolerate
Ⅲ.重点短语
1．________________ 对……有影响
2．________________ 导致；促成
3．________________ 最终……
4．________________ 许多；很多
5．________________ 建立
6．________________ 执行
7．________________ 实际上
have an effect on
contribute to
end up
dozens of
set up
carry out
in effect
Ⅳ.重点句型
1．[句型]“代词＋ of ＋whom”引导非限制性定语从句
[教材]Previously, water quality in the Li River had suffered greatly from an increasing volume of tourists, _________________________________
________.
以往，漓江的水质因为游客量的增长遭到了严重破坏，一些游客频繁将垃圾扔入江中。
2．[句型]with的复合结构
[教材]Water pollution levels increased, __________________________
____________________.
水污染水平上升，更多的家庭和商业废物最终流入河中。
many of whom frequently threw garbage into
the river
with more household and commercial
waste ending up in the river
3．[句型]“It is believed that...”意为“人们认为/相信……”
[教材]With these measures, ___________________________________
_____________ generations to come.
有了这些措施，人们相信，漓江的美会被保留下来给后代。
4．[句型]并列宾语从句
[教材]Local officials were concerned that the pollution was damaging the natural environment _______________________________ restore the river's original beauty.
当地官员担心污染正在破坏自然环境，感到应该采取紧急措施恢复河流的原貌。
it is believed that the beauty of the Li River will
be preserved for
and felt that urgent steps should be taken to
Part 2课堂提升素养
探究新知　发展语言知识　
1(教材P30)The expression “smog” originated in Britain and means a combination of “smoke” and “fog”．“雾霾”这种表达起源于英国，意思是“烟”和“雾”的结合。
◎originate vi.& vt.起源；发源；创立
(1)originate from 起源于
(2)origin n. 起源；起因
original adj. 最初的；原来的
originally adv. 原来；起初
[佳句]　The disease is thought to have originated in the small country.
这种病被认为起源于那个小国家。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①As is known to us, all theories originate ________ practice.
②[2021·全国甲卷]It was built ________ (origin) to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored.
[写美]——应用文佳句
③我们向交流生介绍了中国茶的起源和悠久的历史。
We __________________________ and its long history to exchange students.
from
originally　
introduced the origin of Chinese tea
2(教材P32)Water pollution levels increased, with more household and commercial waste ending up in the river.
随着更多的家庭和商业废弃物流入河中，水污染更严重了。
◎句型公式：with复合结构
with复合结构如下：
①with＋宾语＋介词短语
②with＋宾语＋形容词/副词/名词
③with＋宾语＋现在分词(表示主动和进行)
④with＋宾语＋过去分词(表示被动或已完成)
⑤with＋宾语＋动词不定式(表示将要发生)
[佳句]　With tears of gratitude in his eyes, he seized me by the arm and then hugged me tightly.
他眼里含着感激的泪水，抓住我的胳膊，紧紧地拥抱着我。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①With a guide ________ (show) us around the scenic spots, we will definitely have a great time.
②With the College Entrance Examination __________ (approach), I am at a loss about the major I will take up at university.
③With all the popcorn ________ (sell), Bernard couldn't hold back his excitement on the way home.
[写美]——词汇/句式升级
④As the living environment becomes worse and worse, many species are gradually disappearing.
→______________________________________, many species are gradually ________. (with复合结构)
to show
approaching　
sold
With the living environment becoming worse and worse
dying out
◎end up最终；结果
end up doing 以……结束/告终
end in sth. 以……结尾；以……告终
end up in... 结果为……
[佳句]　Be careful while you are driving, or you will end up in an accident.
开车时你要小心一些，否则你会出事的。
[写美]——应用文佳句
⑤Anyone who gets into the bad habit of taking drugs __________________．
任何一个染上吸毒恶习的人都一定会进监狱。
⑥If you try to remember everything you will _____________________．
如果你试图记住所有的事情，结果你会什么也记不住。
is sure to end in prison
end up remembering nothing
3(教材P32)The construction of waste water treatment facilities improved the water quality and water conservation.
污水处理设施的建设改善了水质，节约了用水。
◎conservation n．对(环境、文物等)保护；保持
(1)under conservation 被保护；保护中
(2)conserve v. 保护，保存；节省，节约
conservative adj. 保守的
[佳句]　Wildlife conservation is the means of protecting Earth's species from becoming endangered or extinct.
野生动物保护是保护地球上的物种免于濒危或灭绝的手段。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①My father is absorbed in the __________ (conserve) of our country's cultural heritage.
②It is said that the old temple ______________ (conserve) now.
＝It is said that the old temple is ________ conservation now.
conservation
is being conserved
under
4(教材P32)Dozens of polluting enterprises were closed or moved.
数十家污染企业被关闭或搬迁。
◎dozen n．(一)打；十二个
dozens of 很多，许多
by the dozen 成打地；按打计算
in dozens＝in large numbers 大批；成打地
[佳句]　He was so excited that he went to buy three dozen bottles of wine.
他那么兴奋，所以去买了36瓶酒。
[写美]——应用文佳句
①我了解到这次展览包括几十幅中国著名艺术家的杰出画作，如徐悲鸿、齐白石、张大千等。
I have learned that the exhibition consists of ________________ painted by Chinese famous artists, such as Xu Beihong, Qi Baishi, Zhang Daqian and etc.
②在英国，糖是按磅卖，蛋是按打卖，布是按码卖。
In England, sugar is sold by the pound, eggs ____________ and cloth by the yard.
dozens of masterpieces
by the dozen
5(教材P33)At the same time, they started to carry out inspections regularly and fine tourist organisations for abuses.
与此同时，他们开始定期检查，并且对旅游机构的违规行为进行处罚。
◎carry out执行
carry on (with/doing) sth. 继续(做)某事
carry through 达成；贯彻；使渡过难关
[佳句]　I dreamt of starting my own business，which certainly inspired me to carry on.
我梦想开创自己的事业，这当然激励了我继续下去。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①In my opinion, we should carry ________ the task straight away.
②First of all, the most significant thing is to set a goal, work out a plan and carry ________ your plan step by step.
③His courage and determination carried him ________.
[写美]——词汇升级
④If you continue working like that, you will break down sooner or later.
→If you _______ working like that, you will break down sooner or later.
out
out
through
carry on
◎fine vt.对……处以罚款　n．罚金；罚款　adj.高质量的；健康的；晴朗的
[佳句]　There is no doubt that some factories which pour waste water and the visitors who throw garbage into the lake will get fined.
毫无疑问，向湖里倾倒废水的一些工厂以及把垃圾扔进湖里的游客将被罚款。
[练通]——写出下列句中fine的词性及含义
⑤I was feeling fine when I got up this morning.____________
⑥I hope it stays fine for the picnic.____________
⑦He was found smoking in the hall, so he was fined heavily.____________
⑧The school uniforms are fine, but not special enough to give a unique Chinese flavour.____________
adj.健康的
adj.晴朗的
vt.对……处以罚款
adj.好看的；漂亮的
6(教材P33)With these measures, it is believed that the beauty of the Li River will be preserved for generations to come.
相信通过这些措施，漓江之美将得以世代相传。
◎句型公式：It is believed that...人们认为/相信……
句中“It is believed that...”句型，可译为“人们认为/相信”，可转换为“be believed to＋不定式”结构。
(1)It is said/believed/reported/thought/supposed/hoped/expected that... 据说/相信/报道/认为/推断/希望/预计……
(2)People believe/think/suppose/hope/expect that... 人们相信/认为/推断/希望/预计……
[佳句]　It is believed that reading increases our knowledge and broadens our mind.
人们认为阅读增长知识，拓宽视野。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①He is thought __________ (act) foolishly. Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job.
②It is hoped ________ the cost of medical care can be cut down.
[写美]——一句多译
人们相信音乐节不仅有意义而且有趣。
③________________ the music festival will be not only meaningful but also interesting.
④________________ the music festival will be not only meaningful but also interesting.
to have acted
that
It is believed that
People believe that
7(教材P34)The villagers could no longer tolerate the situation.村民们再也无法忍受这种情况了。
◎tolerate vt.忍受；包容；容许
(1)tolerate (sb.) doing sth. 容忍(某人)做某事
(2)tolerant adj. 忍受的；容忍的；宽容的
tolerance n. 容忍；忍耐力
[佳句]　Instead of blaming the child, she gave him a tolerant smile and let him go.
她没有责备孩子，而是给了他一个宽容的微笑，就放他走了。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①We can't tolerate people ________ (throw) garbage here and there, so we will launch a campaign to appeal to people to protect the environment.
②If neighbors want to get along well with each other, they have to show their ________ (tolerate)．
[写美]——词汇升级
③When he went abroad, he found the new surroundings hard to bear.
→When he went abroad, he found the new surroundings hard to ________________．
throwing
tolerance
tolerate/put up with
[温馨提示]　
“忍受”的种种表达：
tolerate vt.忍受； stand vt.忍受； bear vt.忍受； put up with忍受，容忍(共58张PPT)
Section Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking
Part 1 课前预习设计
Part 2 课堂提升素养
Part 1 课前预习设计
自读课文　疏通文脉大意　
Task 1 文本整体理解：理清文章架构
1.What does the text mainly tell us
A．Some polar bears died of starvation.
B．What the greenhouse effect is.
C．Global warming has caused some disasters and we must pay attention to it.
D．How the polar bears find food.
C
2．Match the main idea with each part.
Para.1 ______　 A．We need to do something to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
Para.2 ______ B．The rise in temperature has caused natural disasters.
Para.3 ______ C．Earth is getting warmer and warmer.
Para.4 ______ D．A dead polar bear was found, which alarmed some experts.
Para.5 ______ E．Why is Earth getting warmer and warmer？
C
D
E
B
A
Task 2 文本细节理解：探寻语篇细节理解
Read the text on Pages 26～27 carefully and then choose the best answer.
1．Why is the “natural” greenhouse effect important and necessary
A．Because it is short-wave radiation.
B．Because it is long-wave radiation.
C．Because it releases more heat.
D．Because it helps Earth to sustain life.
D
2．What can we learn from the text
A．It doesn't matter whether we pay attention to global warming or not.
B.The rise in temperature doesn't affect people's life.
C．The rise in temperature only affects some animals.
D．Heat from the sun keeps Earth habitable.
D
3．What does the third paragraph mainly tell us
A．What the “greenhouse effect” means.
B．Why the global temperature rises quickly.
C．How the heat is released back into space.
D．Why the “man-made” greenhouse effect is important to us.
A
4．What's the author's purpose of writing this text
A．To call for people to donate money.
B．To ask people not to kill polar bears.
C．To appeal to people to care Earth's ecology.
D．To educate people about global warming.
D
Task 3 文本理解：续写佳句
Read the passage carefully and find out the sentences to describe the mood of shock.(细读短文并找出震惊心理描写的句子)
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
In 2013, a lot of people were shocked by a news photo of a dead polar bear that was found on Norway's Arctic island of Svalbard.
Task 4 阅读思维升华：主题实践
1.Is it human activities that result in the climate change If so, give your reasons. (Critical Thinking批判性思维)
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
2．As a student, what should you do to deal with climate change (Creative Thinking创造性思维)
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
Yes. I think so. With the development of society, human activities are speeding up day by day. The more frequently humans behave, the more the greenhouse gas will be produced. In this case, Earth is getting warmer and warmer and the damage caused by global warming is more serious.
I will eat less meat and try going to school by bike or on foot, reducing the “carbon footprint”．
精读课文　疏通理解障碍
[读文清障]
①for decades几十年
②graph [ɡrɑ f] n．图；图表；曲线图
③along with和，以及(主语后有along with连接的短语时，谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致。)
④melt [melt] vi.& vt.(使)融化；熔化；软化
⑤provide evidence提供证据
⑥dramatic adj.急剧的；戏剧的
a dramatic change急剧变化
⑦be shocked by因……而震惊
⑧according to根据，按照
⑨remain v．剩余，留下，残存
⑩starve [stɑ v] vi.& vt.(使)挨饿；饿死
starvation n．饥饿；挨饿；饿死
claim v．宣称；要求；索取
seal [si l] n．海豹
as before像以前一样
alarming adj.令人担忧的；令人惊恐的
alarmed adj.感到担忧的；感到惊恐的
have an impact on对……有影响(＝have an effect on)
ecology [i'k l d i] n．生态；生态学
key adj.最重要的，主要的，关键的
refer to指的是；参考，查阅；谈到，提及；有关；提交
release [r 'li s] vt.& n．排放；释放；发布
methane ['mi θe n] n．甲烷；沼气
(21)carbon ['kɑ b n] n．碳
(22)dioxide [da ' ksa d] n．二氧化物
carbon dioxide二氧化碳
(23)trap vt.使陷入困境；绊住；捕捉
be trapped in被困在
(24)habitable ['h b t bl] adj.适合居住的
(25)sustain [s 'ste n] vt.维持；遭受；承受住
sustainable [s 'ste n bl] adj.可持续的；合理利用的
(26)huge amounts of大量，许多(＝a huge amount of)
(27)fossil ['f sl] n．化石
(28)fuel ['fju l] n．燃料；刺激性言行
fossil fuel化石燃料(如煤或石油)
(29)comprehensive
[ k mpr 'hens v] adj.全部的；所有的；详尽的
(30)worldwide ['w ldwa d] adv.遍及全球地　adj.世界各地的；影响全世界的
(31)trend [trend] n．趋势；趋向；动向
(32)frequently ['fri kw ntli] adv.频繁地；经常
frequent adj.频繁的；经常的
(33)broadcast ['br dkɑ st] vt.& vi.(broadcast, broadcast)播送；广播；传播　n．广播节目；电视节目
(34)loss n．损失；遗失；失败
(35)continued adj.继续的，持久的
(36)emission [i'm n] n．排放物；散发物；排放
(37)result in导致
(38)long-lasting adj.持久的，长期的
(39)policy ['p l si] n．政策；方针；原则
(40)as individuals作为个人
(41)footprint ['f tpr nt] n．足迹；(某物所占的)空间量；面积
(42)restrict [r 'str kt] vt.限制；限定；束缚
restriction [r 'str k n] n．限制规定；限制法规；约束
　
(43)responsibility n．责任，职责，义务
It's one's responsibility to do sth.做某事是某人的责任。
(44)seize [si z] vt.抓住；夺取；控制
seize an opportunity抓住机会
(45)issue n．问题；发行物　
vt.发行，发布；放出，排出　
[原文呈现]
CLIMATE CHANGE REQUIRES THE
WORLD'S ATTENTION
We have known about climate change for decades①. There is little doubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer (see the graph②)．[1] A warming ocean and atmosphere along with③ melting④ ice and rising sea levels provide evidence⑤ of a dramatic⑥ change in the global climate.
[1]本句是复合句。“There is little doubt...”意为“毫无疑问……”， that引导同位语从句，解释说明doubt的具体内容。
In 2013, a lot of people were shocked by⑦ a news photo of a dead polar bear that was found on Norway's Arctic island of Svalbard [2]. According to⑧ the scientists who found its dead body, all that remained⑨ of the polar bear was “skin and bones”. An expert who has studied polar bears for many years said that from the position of its dead body, the bear appeared to have starved⑩ and died. Experts claimed that low sea-ice levels caused by climate change [3] meant the bear could not hunt seals as before ， so it had to travel greater distances in order to find food. This alarming case showed how the increase in temperature had an impact on Earth's ecology .
[2]此处是that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词polar bear。
[3]此处是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰名词levels。
Then what is causing the increase in the global average surface temperature Climate scientists often mention a key climate process called the “greenhouse effect”， which has two common meanings: the “natural” greenhouse effect and the “man-made” greenhouse effect.[4] The “natural” greenhouse effect refers to the fact that heat from the sun enters the atmosphere and warms Earth's surface as short-wave radiation [5]. The heat is released back into space at longer wave lengths. Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, such as methane and carbon21 dioxide22, trap23 some of the heat, keeping Earth's climate warm and habitable24[6]. Without this process, Earth could not sustain25 life. However, the “man-made” greenhouse effect has now become a big problem. When people produce huge amounts of26 extra greenhouse gases by burning fossil27 fuels28 [7], more heat energy is trapped in the atmosphere and causes Earth's surface temperature to rise quickly [8].
[4]本句是复合句。called the “greenhouse effect”是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰名词process; “which has...effect”是定语从句，修饰先行词the “greenhouse effect”。
[5]此处是that引导的同位语从句，解释说明fact的具体内容。
[6]此处是现在分词短语作结果状语， warm and habitable是形容词作宾语补足语。
[7]此处是动词-ing短语作介词by的宾语。
[8]此处是动词不定式短语作宾语补足语。
There is strong and comprehensive29 evidence that the rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide30, not only causing serious damage, but also costing human lives.[9] Climate scientists have warned that if we do not take appropriate actions, this warming trend31 will probably continue and there will be a higher price to pay [10]. In fact, news reports are frequently32 broadcast33 about extreme rainstorms and heatwaves causing deaths and economic losses34[11].
[9]本句是复合句。“There is...evidence”是主句；“that the rise...lives”是同位语从句，解释说明evidence的具体内容。“not only causing...”和“but also costing...”是两个并列的现在分词短语作结果状语。
[10]此处是动词不定式作定语，修饰名词price。
[11]此处是现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰名词短语rainstorms and heatwaves。
Continued35 greenhouse gas emissions36 will result in37 further warming and long-lasting38 changes to the global climate. This requires the attention of people all over the world. Governments need to consider making policies39 and taking appropriate actions and measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.[12] We as individuals40 can also reduce our “carbon footprint41” by restricting42 the amount of carbon dioxide our lifestyles produce [13]. It is our responsibility43 to seize44 every opportunity to educate everyone about global warming, along with its causes and impacts, because this is the most serious issue45 affecting all of us on this planet. So what will you do to help [14]
[12]本句是简单句。“to consider...and measures”是动词不定式短语作动词need的宾语； making policies和“taking...measures”是两个并列的动名词短语作动词consider的宾语；“to reduce...emissions”是动词不定式短语作目的状语。
[13]此处是定语从句，省略了关系代词that/which，修饰先行词carbon dioxide。
[14]此处是动词不定式作目的状语。　

[课文翻译]
气候变化需要全世界的关注
我们几十年前就知道气候变化了。毫无疑问，地球正在变得越来越温暖(见图表)。海洋和大气的变暖以及冰川的融化和海平面的上升，为全球气候的急剧变化提供了证据。
2013年，一张新闻照片让很多人感到震惊。照片中是北极圈内挪威斯瓦尔巴群岛上发现的一具北极熊尸体。据发现北极熊尸体的科学家说，这只北极熊只剩下了“皮和骨头”。一名研究北极熊多年的专家说，从尸体的位置来看，这只熊似乎是饿死的。专家称，气候变化造成海冰水位较低，意味着这只熊无法像以前那样捕猎海豹。所以为了寻找食物，它不得不长途跋涉。这一令人震惊的案例表明，气温升高对地球生态产生了影响。
那么是什么导致了全球平均表面温度上升呢？气候科学家经常提到一个被称为“温室效应”的重要气候过程，它有两个普遍的含义：“自然”温室效应和“人为”温室效应。“自然”温室效应指的是来自太阳的热量进入大气层，并以短波辐射的形式使地球表面变暖。热量以更长的波长释放回太空。大气中的温室气体，如甲烷和二氧化碳，会捕获一些热量，使地球气候保持温暖且适宜居住。如果没有这个过程，地球就无法维持生命。然而，“人为”温室效应现在已经成为一个大问题。当人类由于燃烧化石燃料产生大量额外的温室气体时，更多的热能被困在大气中，导致地表温度迅速上升。
有充分而全面的证据表明，气温上升已导致世界范围内极端天气和自然灾害的增加，不仅造成了严重的破坏，而且还造成了人员伤亡。气候科学家警告说，如果我们不采取适当的行动，这种变暖的趋势可能会继续下去，并将(使我们)付出更高的代价。事实上，新闻经常报道造成死亡和经济损失的极端暴雨和热浪。
持续的温室气体排放将导致全球气候进一步变暖和长期变化。这需要全世界人民的关注。各国政府需要考虑制定政策并采取适当的行动和措施来减少温室气体排放。作为个人，我们也可以通过限制生活方式所产生的二氧化碳排放量来减少我们的“碳足迹”。我们有责任抓住每一个机会，对每个人进行全球变暖及其原因和影响的教育，因为这是影响我们这个星球上所有人的最严重的问题。那么你会做什么来助力呢？
自查语基　落实基本知能　
Ⅰ.核心词汇
根据语境写出正确的单词
1．restrict the gas ________ 　限制气体排放
2．begin to ________ 　开始融化
3．have an impact on Earth's ________
　对地球生态有影响
4．be ________ back into space 　被释放回太空
5．________ dioxide 　二氧化碳
6．run out of ________ 　用完燃料
7．attract ________ attention 　引起全世界的关注
8．a long-term ________ 　长期趋势
emissions
melt　
ecology　
released　
carbon
fuel　
worldwide　
trend　
9．a live ________ 　一场现场直播
10．make ________ 　制定政策
11．carbon ________ 　碳足迹
12．________ the opportunity 　抓住机会
13．________ greater change 　经历了更大的变化
14．________ rainfall 　适度的降雨量
15．make an ________ report 　做一份年度报告
16．a ________ power plant 　一个核电站
17．be ________ to the sudden change of weather
　对天气的突然变化敏感
18．the king of the ________ 　丛林之王
broadcast　
policies　
footprint　
seize　
undergo　
moderate
annual　
nuclear　
sensitive　
jungle
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
根据语境写出相应的派生词
1．________ [stɑ v] vi.& vt.(使)挨饿；饿死→starvation n．挨饿；饿死→starving adj.挨饿的
2．________ ['h b t bl] adj.适合居住的→habitat n．动物栖息地；植物生长地
3．________ [s 'ste n] vt.维持；遭受；承受住→sustainable adj.可持续的；合理利用的→sustainability n．持续性；可维持性
4．________ ['fri kw ntli] adv.频繁地；经常→frequent adj.频繁的；经常的→frequency n．频率；频繁
5．________ [r 'str kt] vt.限制；限定；束缚→restriction n．限制规定；限制法规；约束→restricted adj.受限制的
starve　
habitable　
sustain　
frequently　
restrict
构词规律
-tion常用于动词之后构成名词，表示“行为”，引申为“行为的过程、结果、情况、状态、动作”等。
restrict v．→restriction n．限制规定；限制法规；约束
regulate v．→________ n．章程； 规章制度
inspect v．→________ n．检查；查看；视察
restore v．→________ n．恢复；复原；修复
regulation
inspection
restoration
Ⅲ.重点短语
1．________________ 参考；涉及；指的是；适用于
2．________________ 根据
3．________________ 对……产生影响
4．________________ 导致；通向
5．________________ 处理；涉及；做生意
6．________________ 代表(代替)某人
7．________________ 导致
8．________________ 被困在……
refer to
according to
have an impact on
lead to
deal with
on behalf of
result in
be trapped in
Ⅳ.重点句型
1．[句型]“There is no/little doubt that...”意为“毫无疑问……”
[教材]___________________ Earth is getting warmer and warmer (see the graph)．
毫无疑问，地球正在变得越来越温暖(见图表)。
2．[句型]without引导含蓄虚拟条件句
[教材]________________， Earth could not sustain life.
没有这个过程，地球就无法维持生命。
There is little doubt that
Without this process
3．[句型](1)“There is evidence that...”意为“有证据表明……”
(2)现在分词(短语)作结果状语
[教材]____________________________________ the rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide, _________________________， but also costing human lives.
有充分而全面的证据表明，气温上升已导致世界范围内极端天气和自然灾害的增加，不仅造成了严重的破坏，而且还造成了人员伤亡。
There is strong and comprehensive evidence that
not only causing serious damage
Ⅴ.理清复杂句式
1．[教材]According to the scientists who found its dead body, all that remained of the polar bear was “skin and bones”．
[分析]
[翻译]据发现北极熊尸体的科学家说，这只北极熊只剩下了“皮和骨头”。
定语
定语
2．[教材]An expert who has studied polar bears for many years said that from the position of its dead body, the bear appeared to have starved and died.
[分析]
[翻译]一名研究北极熊多年的专家说，从尸体的位置来看，这只熊似乎是饿死的。
定语
宾语
表
3．[教材]It is our responsibility to seize every opportunity to educate everyone about global warming, along with its causes and impacts, because this is the most serious issue affecting all of us on this planet.
[分析]
目的状语
原因状语
后置定语
[翻译]
我们有责任抓住每一个机会，对每个人进行全球变暖及其原因和影响的教育，因为这是影响我们这个星球上所有人的最严重的问题。
Part 2 课堂提升素养
探究新知　发展语言知识　
1(教材P26)There is little doubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer (see the graph)．
毫无疑问，地球正在变得越来越温暖(见图表)。
◎句型公式：“There is no/little doubt that...”意为“毫无疑问……”
(1)There is no doubt that...
毫无疑问……，that在句中引导同位语从句。
There is some doubt whether... 有……疑问
Sb. has/have no doubt that... 毫无疑问……
(2)I don't/never doubt that... 我确信……
I doubt whether/if... 我怀疑……
[佳句]　[2022·新高考Ⅰ卷]There is no doubt that your professional and profound knowledge of English will benefit the students greatly.
毫无疑问，你的专业和深厚的英语知识将使学生受益匪浅。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①There is some doubt ________ I can inspire him to study hard to achieve his goal.
②[2021·浙江高考读后续写]I doubted ________ my parents would agree that I had the right to manage my earnings.
[写美]——一句多译
[2020·全国Ⅱ卷书面表达]毫无疑问，用自己的双手劳动而不是依靠别人是非常有意义的。
③_________________ it is very meaningful to work with our own hands rather than depend on others. (doubt n．)
④_______________ it is very meaningful to work with our own hands rather than depend on others. (doubt vt.)
whether
whether/if
There is no doubt that
We don't doubt that
2(教材P26)An expert who has studied polar bears for many years said that from the position of its dead body, the bear appeared to have starved and died.
一位研究北极熊多年的专家说，从北极熊尸体的位置看，北极熊似乎是饿死的。
◎starve vi.& vt.(使)挨饿；饿死
(1)starve for 渴望，极想得到
starve to death 饿死
(2)starvation n. 挨饿
(3)starving adj. 饥饿的，挨饿的
be starving for sth./to do sth. 渴望某事/做某事
[佳句]　[2020·浙江高考读后续写]Fear held us entirely in its power, and it made us starving to flee for safety.
我们惊恐万分，急于逃到一个安全的地方。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①I am starving ________ (study) English well, because mastering English means we can see the world through a new window.
②What shocked the scientists was that many seals died from ________ (starve) because they couldn't find enough food to eat.
[写美]——读后续写之动作描写
③这个孩子身无分文又饥肠辘辘，站在路边要饭，否则就会饿死。
Penniless and starving, the child stood near the road and begged for a meal, otherwise he _________________．
to study
starvation
would starve to death
3(教材P26)The “natural” greenhouse effect refers to the fact that heat from the sun enters the atmosphere and warms Earth's surface as short-wave radiation.
“自然”温室效应是指太阳的热量进入大气层，并以短波辐射的形式使地球表面变暖。
◎refer to指的是；涉及，提及；提交；参考，查阅
(1)refer to...as... 把……称作……
refer...to... 把……提交给……
(2)reference n. 提及；参考；查阅
reference book 参考书；工具书
[佳句]　When he delivered his speech on how to release the great pressure, he didn't refer to his notes.
当他发表关于如何释放巨大压力的演讲时，他没有参考他的笔记。
[练通]——写出下列句中加黑部分的含义
①When I spoke of that girl, I wasn't referring to her daughter.____________
②We have reached an agreement that we will not refer to the matter again.____________
③People who work in offices are usually referred to as “white collar workers”．____________
④As the situation was unusual, he referred the matter to the editor.____________
[温馨提示]　refer的过去式、过去分词、现在分词分别为： referred、 referred、 referring。
指的是
提及
把……称作……
把……提交给……
4(教材P27)The heat is released back into space at longer wave lengths.
热量以更长的波长释放回太空。
◎release vt.& n．排放；释放；发布
(1)release...from... 把……从……释放
(2)on/in release 发行，在公映
the latest release 最新发行的产品
[佳句]　The old factory keeps releasing smoke, making the air dirty.
这家老旧的工厂不停地排放烟雾，使空气变得污浊。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①At the end of the ceremony, a video about our alumni's fighting against the disease ____________ (release) for us to watch, which moved us deeply.
②It is reported that an interesting film is ________ release in that cinema.
was released
on/in
5(教材P27)Without this process, Earth could not sustain life.
没有这个过程，地球就无法维持生命。
◎句型公式：without引导含蓄虚拟条件句
(1)本句中的without this process是介词短语，相当于条件状语从句，引起虚拟语气。
(2)类似用法的还有otherwise、 or、 but for等。
[佳句]　I'd like to take this opportunity to express my gratitude to you for your generous help, without which I wouldn't have made such rapid progress.
我想借此机会表达你对我慷慨帮助的感激之情，没有你的帮助，我不会取得如此快的进步。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①With the moderate measures, we ___________ (build) a harmonious society in the future.
②What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we _________________ (have) a good time together.
[写美]——应用文之感谢信
③没有英语老师的鼓励和帮助，我早就放弃学英语了。
Without my English teacher's encouragement and assistance, ______________________________．
would build
would have had
I would have given up studying English
6(教材P27)There is strong and comprehensive evidence that the rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide, not only causing serious damage, but also costing human lives.
有充分而全面的证据表明，气温上升已导致世界范围内极端天气和自然灾害的增加，不仅造成了严重的破坏，而且还造成了人员伤亡。
◎句型公式：“There is evidence that...”意为“有证据表明……”
现在分词(短语)作结果状语
(1)“There is evidence that...”意为“有证据表明……”， that引导同位语从句，解释evidence的具体内容。
(2)现在分词(短语)作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果，其逻辑主语往往是前面的句子。
(3)不定式(短语)也可作结果状语，往往表示出乎意料的结果，其前通常加only。
[佳句]　There is convincing evidence that stress is partly responsible for his failing health.
有令人信服的证据表明压力是他健康状况下降的部分原因。
Many people in rural areas go to big cities to work, leaving the elderly and children at home.
许多农村人到大城市打工，把老人和孩子留在家里。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①There is clear evidence ________ smoking causes heart disease.
②They reached the company out of breath, only ________ (tell) they were fired.
[写美]——应用文之节日
③正如你所知道的，全世界的华人欢度春节，使之成为最受欢迎的节日之一。
As you know, the Spring Festival is celebrated by Chinese all over the world, _______________________________．
that
to be told
making it one of the most popular festivals
7(教材P27)We as individuals can also reduce our “carbon footprint” by restricting the amount of carbon dioxide our lifestyles produce.
我们个人也可以通过限制生活方式产生的二氧化碳量来减少“碳足迹”。
◎restrict vt.限制；限定；束缚
(1)be restricted to 限制(在某范围)
restrict one's freedom 限制某人的自由
(2)restriction n. 限制规定；限制法规；约束
without restriction 没有限制
(3)restrictive adj. 限制(性)的；约束(性)的
[佳句]　My mother often restricts my freedom, which makes me burn with anger.
我妈妈经常限制我的自由，这使我非常生气。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①The number of club members __________ (restrict) to ten, so it is difficult to be admitted to the club.
②The newly-opened swimming club is open to families in the neighbourhood without ________ (restrict)．
is restricted
restriction
8(教材P27)It is our responsibility to seize every opportunity to educate everyone about global warming, along with its causes and impacts, because this is the most serious issue affecting all of us on this planet.
抓住每一个机会，对所有人进行全球变暖及其成因和影响的教育，这是我们的责任，因为这是影响我们地球上所有人最严重的问题。
◎seize vt.抓住；夺取；控制
seize sb. by the＋身体部位 抓住某人的……
seize a chance/an opportunity 抓住机会
seize on/upon 抓住；突然对……大为关注
[佳句]　The moment I saw my father's cloudy face, panic seized me.
我一看到父亲阴云密布的脸，就感到恐惧。(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)
[练通]——单句语法填空
①In my opinion, only by facing difficulties bravely and ________ (seize) opportunities can one succeed.
②I was about to fall off the cliff when my father reached out his strong hands and seized me ________ the arm.
[写美]——应用文之参加活动
③我会抓住这次宝贵的机会参加这次活动，提升自己的综合能力。
I will ________________________ to participate in the activity to enhance my overall ability.
seizing
by
seize the precious opportunity(共67张PPT)
Section Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking
Part 1 课前预习设计
Part 2 课堂提升素养
Part 1 课前预习设计
自读课文　疏通文脉大意　
Task 1 文本整体理解：理清文章架构
1.What does the text mainly tell us
A．Perce Blackborow admired Shackleton very much．
B．Shackleton took Perce Blackborow to the ship.
C．Perce Blackborow missed his mother very much．
D.Perce Blackborow's diary about the great expedition.
D
2．Match the main idea of each paragraph.
Part 1(Para.1)________
Part 2(Paras.2～4)________
Part 3(Paras.5～7)________
Part 4(Paras.8～14)________
A．Perce Blackborow joined the expedition.
B.Perce Blackborow's reason for joining the expedition.
C.They encouraged each other in the face of difficulties.
D.The journey was not easy.
B
A
D
C
Task 2 文本细节理解：探寻语篇细节理解
Read the text on Pages 38～39 carefully and then choose the best answer.
1．When Perce Blackborow was assigned to be a steward at first, he was ________．
A．angry and disappointed
B．hopeless and disappointed
C．satisfied and excited
D．worried and angry
C
2．Why did Shackleton allow Hussey to keep his banjo
A.Because the banjo was valuable.
B．Because Shackleton liked the banjo.
C．Because the banjo was small.
D．Because Hussey could play it to keep our spirits up.
C
3．Which of the following statements is not true according to the passage
A．While we were at Elephant Island, we fed on a seal or a penguin.
B．Frank was the kindest man of all the crew.
C．Shackleton left the Elephant Island for help by himself.
D．Thomas Orde-Lees was a little selfish and bad-tempered.
C
4．Which of the following did not make Perce hopeful for the future
A．Frank and Ernest's patience and kindness.
B．Frank and Ernest's genuine concern for others.
C．Frank and Ernest's perseverance.
D．Frank and Ernest's resolve.
C
Task 3 文本理解：续写佳句
1.Read the passage carefully and find the sentences to describe the mood.(细读短文并找出心理描写的句子)
(1)________________________________________________________
(2)________________________________________________________
(3)________________________________________________________
And when the ship sank, our hearts sank with it.
This was no time to panic.
I feel low.
2．Read the passage carefully and find the sentences to describe a person.(细读短文并找出人物描写的句子)
(1)________________________________________________________
(2)________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
(3)________________________________________________________
(4)________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
At the age of 19, I am fit and full of vigour.
But I was so enthusiastic about the idea of going along with them that I secretly went aboard his ship, the Endurance, and hid in a small cupboard.
How could I become as selfish and bad tempered as Thomas Orde Lees!
Their genuine concern for others, their perseverance, and their resolve fill me with hope.
3．Read the passage carefully and find the sentences to describe the environment. (细读短文并找出环境描写的句子)
(1)________________________________________________________
(2)________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
(3)________________________________________________________
(4)________________________________________________________
The ice froze around us and we were well and truly stuck!
We are now camped on the ice and we have been managing to survive, but spring is coming, and the ice will soon begin to melt.
It's cold and windy.
The island has no plants.
精读课文　疏通理解障碍
[读文清障]
①expedition [ eksp 'd n] n. 探险；远征；探险队
②endurance [ n'dj r ns] n. 忍耐力；耐久力　
endure v．忍耐， 容忍
③of one's day 在某人那个年代
④diary entry 日记
⑤vigour (NAmE vigor)
['v ɡ (r)] n．精力；力量；活力
full of vigour充满活力　
vigorous adj.充满活力的；精力充沛的
⑥apply to do sth.申请做某事
⑦turn sb. down 拒绝(某人)
⑧qualified ['kw l fa d] adj. 符合资格；具备……的知识(或技能、学历等)　
be qualified to 能胜任　
qualify v．使具有资格；取得资格
⑨enthusiastic
[ n θju zi' st k]
adj. 热情的；热心的
be enthusiastic about 热衷于， 对……充满热情
enthusiasm n. 热情， 热忱
⑩go along with和……一起去
aboard [ 'b d] adv.& prep.上(船、飞机、公共汽车等)
go aboard 上船；上飞机
cupboard ['k b d] n．橱柜；壁橱；衣柜
unfortunately
[ n'f t n tli]
adv.不幸地；遗憾地
set off 出发， 动身
assign [ 'sa n] vt.分派；布置；分配
assign sb. to do sth.指派某人做某事
assignment n．(分派的)工作；任务
steward ['stju d] n．(轮船、飞机或火车上的)乘务员；服务员
stewardess n．(轮船、飞机或火车上的)女乘务员；女服务员
serve vt.(给某人) 提供；端上；服务
envy ['envi] n．& vt.羡慕；妒忌
out of envy 出于妒忌
well and truly 确实地；准确地
crush [kr ] vt.毁坏；压坏；压碎　n．拥挤的人群
sink [s k] vi.(sank or sunk, sunk)沉没；下沉；下降　vt.使下沉；使沉没
abandon [ 'b nd n] vt.舍弃；抛弃；放弃
abandon doing sth.放弃做某事
stove [st uv] n．炉具；厨房灶具
blanket ['bl k t] n．毯子
panic v．(使)惊慌
belongings [b 'l z]
n. [pl.]财物；动产
personal belongings 私人物品
banjo ['b nd ] n. 班卓琴(乐器)
keep one's spirits up 振奋某人的精神
from bad to worse 每况愈下；越来越糟
miserable ['m zr bl] adj.痛苦的；令人难受的
soon after 稍后， 不久以后
voyage ['v d ] n．& vi.航海；航行　
make a voyage 出海；航行
make it 成功做到
navy ['ne vi] n．海军；海军部队　
naval adj.海军的， 军舰的
feel low 情绪不高
decent ['di snt] adj. 相当不错的；正派的；得体的　decently adv.正派地；高雅地
cosy ['k zi] adj.温馨的；舒适的
be interrupted by 被……打断
a rush of 一阵……
hold on 坚持
turn into 变成， 进入
selfish ['self ] adj. 自私的
good/bad-tempered adj. 脾气好的/坏的
genuine ['d enju n] adj.真正的；真诚的；可信赖的　genuinely adv.真诚地；诚实地
perseverance [ p s 'v r ns]
n．毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的精神
persevere [ p s 'v (r)]
vi.坚持；孜孜以求
resolve [r 'z lv] vi.& vt.决定；决心；解决(问题或困难)　n．决心；坚定的信念
resolution [ rez 'lu n] n．决议；解决；坚定
after all 毕竟， 终究
[原文呈现]
A SUCCESSFUL FAILURE
Perce Blackborow joined an expedition① with Sir Ernest Shackleton to Antarctica on the ship Endurance② in 1914. Shackleton was one of the most famous explorers of his day③ and it was considered a great honour to be part of his expeditions [1]. Below are some of Blackborow's diary entries④.
[1]此处it作形式主语， to be part of his expeditions是不定式短语作真正的主语。
31 Oct 1914
．..Well, it so happened that one morning I bought a newspaper and read the advertisement about the Antarctic expedition [2].
[2]“it so happened that...”意为“碰巧……”。此处it作形式主语， that引导的从句作真正的主语。
An expedition to the South Pole with the great Sir Ernest Shackleton—this is the adventure that I have been dreaming of [3]. And I was ready for it. At the age of 19, I am fit and full of vigour⑤. However, when I applied to⑥ join the expedition, Shackleton turned me down⑦ because he thought I was too young and wasn't qualified⑧. But I was so enthusiastic⑨ about the idea of going along with⑩　them that I secretly went aboard his ship, the Endurance, and hid in a small cupboard . [4] Unfortunately ， three days after we set off I was discovered. Shackleton did not want to turn back so he offered me a job, but only after he promised me, “If anyone has to be eaten, then you will be the first！” He assigned me to be a steward ， and I now serve meals for twenty-eight men, three times a day.
[3]此处是that引导的定语从句， 修饰先行词adventure。
[4]本句是“so...that...”引导的结果状语从句， 意为“如此……以至……”。
How everyone will envy me when I come back and tell them about the amazing places I have been to!
21 Nov 1915
The journey has not been easy.Endurance became stuck in the ice as we approached Antarctica [5]. The ice froze around us and we were well and truly stuck! We saw the ship get crushed by the ice. And when the ship sank [6], our hearts sank with it．
[5]此处是as引导的时间状语从句。
[6]此处是when引导的时间状语从句。
Before we abandoned the ship, Shackleton calmly called us together and told us to rescue our most essential supplies—the small boats, our food, the cook stove , candles, clothes, and blankets . This was no time to panic . We were not allowed to take most of our personal belongings , and Shackleton himself threw away all his gold. But to our surprise, he allowed Hussey to keep his banjo . Hussey often plays it to keep our spirits up .
We are now camped on the ice and we have been managing to survive, but spring is coming, [7] and the ice will soon begin to melt．
[7]此处是现在进行时表示将来。
20 May 1916
We have been struggling for days, but things on Elephant Island are going from bad to worse . We are now crowded together under one of our boats on the rocky shore of this miserable place. Soon after we arrived, Shackleton left us to find help on South Georgia Island, 1，320 kilometres away—the voyage was too dangerous and difficult for all of us to make it in our small boats [8].
If Shackleton fails, [9] will we have any hope of rescue No. No navy in the world ever stops at Elephant Island, and no one else knows that we are here [10].
[8]此处是“too...to...”结构， 意为“太……而不能……”。
[9]此处是if引导的真实条件句。
[10]此处是that引导的宾语从句。
I feel low . It's cold and windy. The island has no plants. Sometimes we are able to catch a seal or a penguin to eat. Otherwise, there is no food. I try to think of happier things: decent food, warm and dry clothes, a cosy bedroom, sunny days, and my mother's face...However, these happy memories are soon interrupted by a sudden cold rush of air.
I shouted, “Shut the door！”
“Hold on now, Perce. Don't you go turning into another Tom, ” came the reply.“We've caught another penguin, so it's penguin soup tonight！”
Bless Frank Wild, the kindest man there is after our leader, Ernest Shackleton. How could I become as selfish and bad-tempered as Thomas Orde-Lees! [11]
[11]本句是一个感叹句， 结构为“How＋副词＋主语＋谓语(行为动词)！”。
Without Frank and Ernest, we'd all be dead by now. [12] Their genuine concern for others, their perseverance , and their resolve fill me with hope.
[12]本句中without表示条件， 引出虚拟语气。
Perhaps there is a chance we will return home, after all .
[课文翻译]
一次成功的失败
珀西·布莱克博罗于1914年加入欧内斯特·沙克尔顿爵士的“坚忍号”南极探险之旅。沙克尔顿是他那个时代最著名的探险家之一， 参加他的探险活动被认为是一种极大的荣誉。以下是布莱克博罗的一些日记。
1914年10月31日
……嗯， 碰巧有一天早上我买了一份报纸， 看到了有关南极探险的广告。
与伟大的欧内斯特·沙克尔顿爵士一起去南极探险——这是我梦寐以求的探险。我已经准备好了。我19岁， 身体健康， 充满活力。然而， 当我申请加入探险队时， 沙克尔顿拒绝了我， 因为他认为我太年轻并且不够资格。但我对与他们一同探险充满了热情， 于是我偷偷地登上了他的船——“坚忍号”， 藏在了一个小橱柜里。不幸的是， 我们出发三天后， 我就被发现了。沙克尔顿不想返回， 所以他给了我一份工作， 就在他向我保证过“如果有人要被吃掉， 那么你就是第一个！”后。他安排我做服务员， 我现在给28个人提供一日三餐。
当我回来告诉他们我去过的那些神奇的地方时， 大家会多么羡慕我啊！
1915年11月21日
这段旅程并不容易。当我们接近南极洲时， “坚忍号”被困在了冰里。冰把我们周围都冻住了， 我们彻底被困住了！我们看到船被冰压坏了。船沉了， 我们的心也跟着沉了。
在我们弃船之前， 沙克尔顿平静地把我们召集在一起， 告诉我们要抢救最重要的物资——小船、我们的食物、炉灶、蜡烛、衣服和毯子。现在不是恐慌的时候。我们不允许携带大部分个人物品， 沙克尔顿自己也扔掉了他所有的黄金。但令我们吃惊的是， 他让赫西保留了他的班卓琴。赫西经常弹奏它来振奋我们的精神。
我们现在在冰上扎营， 我们一直在设法生存。但是春天要来了， 冰很快就会开始融化。
1916年5月20日
我们已经挣扎了好几天了， 但是象岛上的情况越来越糟。我们现在在这个令人难受的地方的岩石岸边， 挤在我们的一只小船下面。我们到达后不久， 沙克尔顿就离开了我们， 到1 320公里外的南乔治亚岛寻求帮助——这次航行太危险、太困难了， 我们无法全部乘我们的小船离开。如果沙克尔顿失败了， 我们还有得救的希望吗？不。世界上没有海军会在象岛停留， 也没有其他人知道我们在这里。
我情绪不高。天气又冷又多风。岛上没有植物。有时我们能抓到一只海豹或企鹅吃， 否则就没有食物。我试图去想更快乐的事情：像样的食物、温暖干燥的衣服、舒适的卧室、阳光明媚的日子， 还有我妈妈的脸庞……然而， 这些快乐的回忆很快就被突然袭来的冷空气打断了。
我喊道：“关门！”
“现在要坚持住啊， 珀西。你可不要变成另一个汤姆。”传来了回答。“我们又抓了一只企鹅， 所以今晚是企鹅汤！”
上帝保佑弗兰克·怀尔德， 继我们的领袖欧内斯特·沙克尔顿之后最善良的人。我怎么能变得像托马斯·奥德利斯那样自私且脾气坏呢！
如果没有弗兰克和欧内斯特， 我们早就死了。他们对他人真诚的关心， 他们的毅力和决心使我充满了希望。
也许我们终究还是有机会回家的。
自查语基　落实基本知能　
Ⅰ.核心词汇
根据语境写出正确的单词
1．in face of ________　 面对逆境
2．________ cold　　 严寒
3．join an ________　　 加入一个探险队
4．show remarkable ________ 展现出非凡的忍耐力
5．be full of ________　　 充满活力
6．go ________ the ship　　 登船
7．out of ________　　 出于妒忌
8．begin to ________　　 开始下沉
9．electric __________　　 电热毯
10．a ________ place　 一个悲惨的地方
adversity
bitter
expedition
endurance
vigour
aboard
envy
sink
blanket
miserable
11．a dangerous ________ 一次危险的航海
12．join the ________　 参加海军
13．a ________ bedroom 一间舒适的卧室
14．selfish and __________ 自私且脾气坏
15．show ________ concern for others 对他人表现出真诚的关心
16．be ________ to Oliver　 对奥利弗很残忍
17．a ________ investigation　 一次彻底的调查
18．buy some new ________ 买一些新家具
19．be cold and ________　 又冷又湿
20．combine education with ________ 把教育与娱乐结合起来
21．under one's ________　 在某人的指导下
22．an _________ campaign　 一个广告宣传活动
voyage
navy
cosy
bad tempered
genuine
cruel
thorough
furniture
damp
recreation
guidance
advertising
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．________ ['kw l fa d] adj.符合资格；具备……的知识(或技能、学历等)→qualify vt.(使)具有资格；(使)合格→qualification n．资格；资历；资格证书
2．_________[ n θju zi' st k] adj.热情的；热心的→enthusiastically adv.热心地→enthusiasm n．热心；热情
3．________[ 'sa n] vt.分派；布置；分配→assignment n．任务；作业；分配；指派
4．________[ 'b nd n] vt.舍弃；抛弃；放弃→abandoned adj.被抛弃的；报废的；自暴自弃的
qualified
enthusiastic
assign
abandon
5．________ [b 'l ? ?z] n．财物；动产→belong vi.属于
6．________ ['self ] adj.自私的→selfishly adv.自私地→selfishness n．自私自利
7．________ [ p s 'v (r)] vi.坚持；孜孜以求→perseverance n．毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的精神
8．________ [r 'z lv] vi.& vt.决定；决心；解决(问题或困难) n．决心；坚定的信念→resolution n．决议；解决；坚定
9．________ ['f t n tli] adv.幸运地→fortune n．机遇；运气→unfortunate adj.不幸的→unfortunately adv. 不幸地；遗憾地
belongings
selfish
persevere
resolve
fortunately
构词规律
根据给出的构词规则写出下列单词
-ance 常用于动词之后构成名词。
endure v．→endurance n. 忍耐力； 耐久力
persevere v．→__________ n. 毅力； 任性
perform v．→__________ n. 表演； 表现
appear v．→__________ n. 出现； 容貌
perseverance
performance
appearance
Ⅲ.重点短语
1．________________　 梦想
2．________________ 拒绝某人
3．________________ 出发， 使爆炸
4．________________　 被……困住
5．________________ 扔掉
6．________________　 让某人惊讶的是
7．________________ 振奋某人的精神
8．________________ 每况愈下
9．________________　 握住；坚持不懈；稍等
10．________________ 成功做到
dream of
turn sb. down
set off
become stuck in
throw away
to one's surprise
keep one's spirits up
from bad to worse
hold on
make it
Ⅳ.重点句型
1．[句型]完全倒装
[教材]________________ Blackborow's diary entries. 以下是布莱克博罗的一些日记．
2．[句型]It happened that...碰巧．.....
[教材]Well, ________________ one morning I bought a newspaper and read the advertisement about the Antarctic expedition.
好吧， 一天早晨， 我碰巧买了份报纸， 看到了这则有关南极探险的招募广告。
Below are some of
it so happened that
3．[句型]too...to...意为 “太……而不能……”
[教材]The voyage was ____________________ for all of us ________ in our small boats.
这一航行对于我们所有人而言太危险、太艰难了， 乘坐小船肯定无法让每个人都到达。
4．[句型]as long as引导条件状语从句
[教材]It will eventually lead to success _________ you persevere.
只要你坚持下去， 最终就会成功。
5．[句型]so...that...如此……以至于……， 在句中引导结果状语从句。
[教材]But I was __________________________________________ I secretly went aboard his ship, the Endurance, and hid in a small cupboard.
但我非常想跟他们一起去， 于是我偷偷上了他的船——“坚忍号”， 藏在一个小柜子里。
too dangerous and difficult
to make it
as long as
so enthusiastic about the idea of going along with them that
Ⅴ.理清复杂句式
[翻译]然而， 当我申请加入探险队时， 沙克尔顿拒绝了我， 因为他认为我太年轻， 并且不够资格。
时间状语
原因状语
宾语
[翻译]当我回来告诉他们我去过的那些神奇的地方时，大家会多么羡慕我啊！
感叹
时间状语
定语
Part 2 课堂提升素养
探究新知　发展语言知识　
1(教材P38)Below are some of Blackborow's diary entries. 以下是布莱克博罗的一些日记。
◎句型公式：完全倒装
(1)当表语是分词、副词、形容词、介词短语， 而主语较长且主语是名词时， 为了保持句子平衡或强调表语， 常把表语放在句首， 引起句子完全倒装。句型结构为“分词/副词/形容词/介词短语＋be＋主语”；
(2)表示处所、方位、时间等的副词如here, there, now, then, up, down, in, out, off等或介词(短语)放在句首， 而主语是名词， 且谓语动词是be, sit, lie, stand, come, go, exist, live, rush等不及物动词时， 句子用完全倒装。
[佳句]　Here are some practical suggestions on how to promote the campus cultural construction. 下面就如何推进校园文化建设提出一些切实可行的建议。
[写美]——完成句子
①我们学校前面有一条美丽的河流， 放学后我们可以在那里放松自己。
_____________________________，where we will relax ourselves after school.
②出席晚会的有格林先生， 还有许多其他的宾客。
___________________ Mr. Green and many other guests.
③公共汽车坐满了人， 前面坐着许多孩子。
_______________ in the front of which were sitting quite a few children.
In front of our school lies a beautiful river
Present at the party were
Crowded was the bus
2(教材P38)However, when I applied to join the expedition, Shackleton turned me down because he thought I was too young and wasn't qualified.
然而， 当我申请加入探险队时， 沙克尔顿拒绝了我， 因为他认为我太年轻并且不够资格。
◎turn sb. down 拒绝(某人)；调小
turn...down 把……调低
turn to 求助于；转向；翻至(某一页)
turn up 出现；把……调高
turn over 翻过来；移交
turn out 结果是……；生产， 制造
[佳句]　When I turned to him for help, he turned me down without hesitation, which made me very upset.
当我向他求助时， 他毫不犹豫地拒绝了我， 这让我很沮丧。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①[2021·新高考全国卷Ⅰ]This time, she turned ________ the fire so it cooked nicely.
②I sincerely hope your trip in China will turn ________ a most unforgettable experience in life.
③My genuine friend promised that he would turn________ at my birthday party.
[写美]——读后续写之动作描写
④他经历了一些痛苦的事情， 睡不着觉， 在床上不时地翻来覆去。
Having undergone something miserable, he did not fall asleep, ____________________________．
down
out
up
turning over in bed from time to time
◎qualified adj.符合资格；具备……的知识(或技能、学历等)
(1)be qualified for sth.　 有资格获得某物
be qualified to do sth.　 有资格做某事
(2)qualify vt.& vi.　 (使)具备资格；(使)合格
qualify sb. to do sth.　 (使)某人有资格做某事
(3)qualification n.　 资格；资历；资格证书
[佳句]　With a good command of English, I am quite qualified for the job.我的英语很好，完全可以胜任这份工作。(申请信)
[练通]——单句语法填空
⑤I wasn't qualified ________ (apply) for the job really but I got it anyhow.
⑥Last year, one in five boys left school without a _________ (qualify)．
[写美]——应用文之推荐信
⑦I'm greatly convinced that my friend Wang Ming _________________ (能胜任这份工作). Not only does he have abundant teaching experience but he is enthusiastic and genuine, ________________________________ _______ (使他也有资格帮助你儿子取得进步)．
to apply
qualification
is qualified for the job
which qualifies him to help your son make
progress
3(教材P38)But I was so enthusiastic about the idea of going along with them that I secretly went aboard his ship, the Endurance, and hid in a small cupboard.
但我对与他们同行的想法非常感兴趣， 于是我偷偷地上了“坚忍号”轮船， 藏在一个小橱柜里。
◎enthusiastic adj.热情的；热心的
(1)be enthusiastic about (doing) sth. 对(做)某事热情
be enthusiastic to do sth. 做某事很热情
(2)enthusiasm n.　 热心；热忱；热情
lack/be full of enthusiasm 缺乏/充满热情
with enthusiasm (＝enthusiastically) 热情地
[佳句]　Engaged employees are more likely to be enthusiastic about satisfying customer needs.
敬业的员工更有可能对满足客户的需求充满热情。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①The young girl is very enthusiastic ________ (read) a novel in her spare time.
②He is selfish and bad-tempered.Thus, he will never be enthusiastic ________ helping those in trouble.
③[2022·新高考Ⅰ卷读后续写]Inspired by the ________ (enthusiastic) and encouragement, David quickened his pace in high spirits.
[写美]——读后续写佳句
④[2020·新高考全国Ⅰ， 读后续写]尽管失败了几次， 伯纳德和杰克仍然热情地做爆米花。
Bernard and Jack still made popcorn ______________________ in spite of several failures.
to read
about
enthusiasm
enthusiastically/with enthusiasm
◎aboard adv.& prep.上(船、飞机、公共汽车等)
(1)go aboard the bus/train/ship/plane
上公共汽车/火车/轮船/飞机
Welcome aboard! 欢迎乘坐(车、船、飞机)!
(2)board n.　 板
v.　 登记；上船
on board 在船/火车/飞机上
(3)abroad adv.　 在国外；到海外
adj.　　 往国外的
both at home and abroad 国内外
[佳句]　According to the airline rules, we suggest you (should) switch off your mobile phone before boarding the plane.
根据航空公司的规定， 我们建议你在登机前关掉手机。
[练通]——补全句子
⑤He was tall ________________ (有宽宽的肩膀)and a beard and always _______________ (面带微笑)．
⑥Learning that you will ___________________ (国外深造), I'm writing to inform you of some necessary dos and don'ts.
[写美]——应用文佳句
⑦这对年轻夫妇一上船， 他们就吃东西、说话、大笑， 好像他们是这世界上仅存的人。
The instant __________________________________，they were eating, talking and laughing loudly as if they were the only people in the world.(aboard)
with broad shoulders
wore a broad smile
go abroad for further study
the young couple boarded/ went aboard the ship
4(教材P38)He assigned me to be a steward, and I now serve meals for twenty-eight men, three times a day.
他安排我做服务员， 我现在给28个人提供一日三餐。
◎assign vt.分派；布置；分配
(1)assign sb. to do sth. 指派某人做某事
assign sb. sth. ＝ assign sth. to sb.
给某人分配(布置)某物/某事
(2)assignment n. 任务；作业；分配；指派
[佳句]　The monitor assigned us to make preparations for the party the next week.
班长让我们为下周的派对做准备。
[写美]——应用文之节日活动
During the Tree Planting Day, our monitor ________________________ ______ (分配给每名学生一个具体的任务). I _______________ (被派去挖) the pits and _____________________ (我同桌的任务) was to put soil into the pits.
assigned a specific task to each
student
was assigned to dig
my deskmate's assignment
5(教材P38)How everyone will envy me when I come back and tell them about the amazing places I have been to!
当我回来告诉他们我去过的那些神奇的地方时， 大家会多么羡慕我啊！
◎envy n. & vt.羡慕；妒忌
(1)envy sb. sth.　 羡慕某人有某物
envy sb. doing sth.　 羡慕某人做某事
(2)with envy 羡慕地；嫉妒地
out of envy 出于嫉妒
green with envy 嫉妒地眼红
[佳句]　Honestly speaking, I do envy you getting the title of the Excellent Graduate and I should follow your example.
老实说， 我真羡慕你获得了优秀毕业生的称号， 我应该向你学习。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①Only she has access to such precious resources, which ________ (envy) by her fellows.
②All the girls at the dance watched her ________ envy when she danced with the prince.
[写美]——读后续写情感描写
③当我在学校文化艺术节上进行才艺表演时， 我的朋友非常羡慕。
My friends ________________ when I gave a talent show at our school's cultural art festival.
is envied
with
were green with envy
6(教材P38)And when the ship sank, our hearts sank with it. 船沉了， 我们的心也跟着沉了。
◎sink (sank/sunk, sunk, sinking) vi. 沉没；下沉；下降　vt.使下沉；使沉没
sink into /down/back 颓然坐下/重重倒下
one' s heart/spirits sink 心情沉重； 情绪低落
a sinking feeling/ship 颓丧感/沉船
[佳句]　With a sinking heart, he dragged his feet on the way home.
他心情沉重， 拖着沉重的脚步回家。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①She murmured her thanks and ________ ( sink) down into her chair.
②For a long time, he just stared at the blank before him, merrily, ________ (sink) in sweet memories in the past.
[写美]——读后续写之情感描写
③她心情沉重。她突然感到很悲伤，忍不住落下泪来。
____________. She felt seized by a burst of sadness and couldn't hold back her tears.
sank/sunk
sinking
Her heart sank
7(教材P38)Before we abandoned the ship, Shackleton calmly called us together and told us to rescue our most essential supplies.
在我们弃船之前， 沙克尔顿平静地把我们召集在一起， 告诉我们要抢救最重要的物资。
◎abandon vt.舍弃；抛弃；放弃　n．放任；放纵
(1)abandon oneself to... 沉湎于……；纵情于……
abandon doing sth.　 放弃做某事
(2)with abandon 放纵地；放任地
(3)abandoned adj. 被抛弃的；报废的；自暴自弃的
be abandoned to (doing) 沉湎于……
[佳句]　We should abandon those bad habits that are harmful to our health, such as smoking and drinking.
我们应该摒弃那些对我们健康有害的坏习惯， 如吸烟、喝酒等。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①[2022·全国乙卷]The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel _________ (abandon)．
②The girls jumped up and down and waved their arms ________ abandon.
[写美]——句型转换
I abandoned myself to computer games. I performed extremely badly in the end-of-term examination.
③→_____________________________， I performed extremely badly in the end-of-term examination.(现在分词短语作状语)
④→________________________， I performed extremely badly in the end-of-term examination.(过去分词短语作状语)
abandoned
with
Abandoning myself to computer games
Abandoned to computer games
8(教材P38)We were not allowed to take most of our personal belongings, and Shackleton himself threw away all his gold.
我们不允许携带大部分个人物品， 沙克尔顿自己也扔掉了他所有的黄金。
◎belongings n．[pl.]财物；动产
(1)belonging n.　 归属
a sense of belonging 归属感
(2)belong vi.　 属于
belong to 属于……；是……的成员
[佳句]　When he joined the club, he felt a sense of belonging. 他加入俱乐部时， 感觉到了一种归属感。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①My heart sank when I learned that all my ________ (belong) had been stolen.
②In my opinion, you'd better put the book where it ________ (belong)．
[写美]——一句多译
众所周知， 中国是属于第三世界的国家。
③It is known to us that China is a country ____________ the Third World.(定语从句)
④As is known to us, China is a country __________ the Third World.(分词作定语)
[温馨提示]　belong to 不用于进行时和被动语态。
belongings
belongs
which belongs to
belonging to
9(教材P39)The voyage was too dangerous and difficult for all of us to make it in our small boats.
这次航行太危险、太困难了， 我们无法全部乘我们的小船离开。
◎句型公式：“too...to...”意为“太……而不能……”
(1)“too＋adj./adv.(＋for sb.)＋to do sth.”表示否定意义， 意为“太……而(某人)不能……”；
(2)当“too...to...”用来修饰表现人的态度、情绪倾向的形容词， 如anxious, eager, glad, happy, pleased, ready, willing等时， 不定式表达肯定意义；
(3)“can't/can never...too...”意为“再怎么……也不过分”。
[佳句]　[2021·浙江卷1月读后续写]It was too difficult for me to pull my head out of the giant pumpkin. Hence, I was too eager to turn to my father for assistance.
把我的头从巨大的南瓜里拔出来对我来说太难了。 因此， 我急于向父亲寻求帮助。
[写美]——应用文佳句
①得知你在比赛中获得了一等奖我太高兴了， 因此我写信表示祝贺。(应用文之祝贺信)
I am ______________ that you have won the first prize in the contest, so I'm writing to convey my sincere congratulations.
②要不是你慷慨的帮助， 我不会找到这样一份体面的工作。因此， 我怎么感谢你都不为过。(应用文之感谢信)
But for your generous help, I wouldn't have found a decent job. ______________________．
too glad to learn
So I can't thank you too much
10(教材P39)Their genuine concern for others, their perseverance, and their resolve fill me with hope.
他们对他人真诚的关心， 他们的毅力和决心使我充满了希望。
◎resolve vi.& vt.决定；决心；解决(问题或困难)　n．决心；坚定的信念
(1)resolve to do sth.　 决定做某事
resolve on 决定/决心……
(2)resolution n.　 决定；解决；坚定
[佳句]　I have resolved to assign the most challenging task to Tom—a hard-working and enthusiastic man.
我已经决定把这项最具挑战性的任务分配给汤姆——一个既勤奋又热情的人。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①We must find a way _________ (resolve) these problems before it's too late.
②Once she has made a ________ (resolve) to do it, you won't get her to change her mind.
to resolve
resolution(共14张PPT)
单元知识回顾与提升 3
闪卡展示　快速高效
Ⅰ.请快速写出下列单词的汉语意思
1．graph n. ________________
2．emission n. ________________
3．seal n. ________________
4．ecology n. ________________
5．carbon n. ________________
6．carbon dioxide ________________
7．habitable adj. ________________
8．fossil fuel ________________
9．footprint n. ________________
10．restrict vt. ________________
图；图表；曲线图
排放物；散发物；排放
海豹
生态；生态学
碳
二氧化碳
适合居住的
化石燃料(如煤或石油)
足迹；(某物所占的)空间量；面积
限制；限定；束缚
11．restriction n. ________________
12．basin n. ________________
13．penguin n. ________________
14．moderate adj. ________________
vi.& vt. ________________
15．tropical adj. ________________
16．chaos n. ________________
17．nuclear adj. ________________
18．volume n. ________________
19．enterprise n. ________________
20．disposal n. ________________
21．waterway n. ________________
22．agenda n. ________________
限制规定；限制法规；约束
流域；盆地；盆
企鹅
适度的；中等的；温和的
缓和；使适中
热带的；来自热带的
混乱；杂乱；紊乱
原子能的；核能的；原子核的
量；体积；(成套书籍中的)一卷
公司；企业；事业
去掉；清除；处理
水道；航道
议程表；议事日程
Ⅱ.请快速拼写下列单词
1．________ vi.& vt. (使)融化；熔化；软化
2．________ vt.& n. 排放；释放；发布
3．________ n. 燃料；刺激性言行
4．________ adv. 遍及全球地
adj. 世界各地的；影响全世界的
5．________ n. 趋势；趋向；动向
6．________ vt.& vi. 播送；广播；传播
n. 广播节目；电视节目
7．________ n. 政策；方针；原则
8．________ vt. 抓住；夺取；控制
melt　
release　
fuel　
worldwide　
trend
broadcast　
policy　
seize　
9．________ vi.& vt. 改革；(使)改正；改造
n. 改革；变革；改良
10．________ vt. 经历；经受(变化、不快等)
11．________ adj. 每年的；一年的
n. 年刊；年鉴
12．________ adj. 敏感的；善解人意的；灵敏的
13．________ n. (热带)丛林；密林
14．________ n. 烟雾(烟与雾混合的空气污染物)
15．________ vi.& vt. 起源；发源；创立
16．________ n. 垃圾；废物
reform　
undergo
annual　
sensitive
jungle　
smog　
originate
garbage　
17．________ vt. 恢复；使复原；修复
18．________ n. (一)打；十二个
19．________ vt. 对……处以罚款
20．________ n. 运动；战役
vi.& vt. 参加运动；领导运动
restore
dozen　
fine　
campaign
Ⅲ.请快速检验下列拓展词
1．________ vi.& vt.(使)挨饿；饿死→________ n．饥饿；饿死
2．________ vt.维持；遭受；承受住→________ adj.可持续的；合理利用的
3．________ adv.频繁地；经常→________ adj.频繁的→________ n．频繁；发生率
4．________ adj.和谐的→________ n．和谐→__________ adv.和谐地
5．________ vt.& vi.提交；呈递；屈服→________ n．提交(物)；呈递(书)；屈服
starve
starvation
sustain
sustainable
frequently
frequent
frequency
harmonious
harmony
harmoniously
submit
submission
6．________ n.对(环境、文物等)保护；保持→________ v.保护；保存；节省；节约
7．________ n．检查；查看；视察→________ vt.检查；视察；检阅→________ n．检察员；督察员
8．________ vt.忍受；包容；容许→________ adj.宽容的；容忍的→________ n．容忍
conservation
conserve
inspection
inspect
inspector
tolerate
tolerant
tolerance
Ⅳ.请快速写出下列短语
1．____________ (代表) my whole family, I'd like to extend my sincere gratitude for your help.
2．I introduced the history of tea-making, which __________________ (对……有很大影响) them to help better understand our tea-drinking culture.
3．It is known to us that the rise in global temperature will _________ (导致) serious consequences.
4．The earthquake did damage to the area where many houses fell down and many people ____________ (被困在……) ruins.
On behalf of　
has a great impact on
result in
were trapped in
5．Jim entered the competition without much hope, not thinking he would ________ (以……而结束) with the first prize.
6．To begin with, it will not only _______ (导致) a lack of energy but also cause us to suffer from headaches.
7．It took the joint efforts of both the press and the public to ________ (引起；导致) a change in the regulations.
8．We are fully aware that it is necessary for us to ________ (实施， 执行) a low-carbon economy in our daily life.
end up
lead to
bring about
carry out
Ⅴ.请快速背诵下列课文原句
1．_________________ Earth is getting warmer and warmer (see the graph)．
毫无疑问，地球正在变得越来越温暖(见图表)。
2．________________， Earth could not sustain life.
没有这个过程，地球就无法维持生命。
3．__________________________________ the rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide, ________________________， but also costing human lives.
有充分而全面的证据表明，气温上升已导致世界范围内极端天气和自然灾害的增加，不仅造成了严重的破坏，而且还造成了人员伤亡。
There is little doubt that
Without this process
There is strong and comprehensive evidence that
not only causing serious damage
4．Previously, water quality in the Li River had suffered greatly from an increasing volume of tourists, __________________________________．
以往，漓江的水质因为游客量的增长遭到了严重破坏，一些游客频繁将垃圾扔入江中。
5．Water pollution levels increased, _____________________________
______________________.
水污染水平上升，更多的家庭和商业废物最终流入河中。
many of whom frequently threw garbage into the river
with more household and commercial waste ending up in the river
6．With these measures, _____________________________________
___________ generations to come.
有了这些措施，人们相信，漓江的美会被保留下来给后代。
7．Local officials were concerned that the pollution was damaging the natural environment ______________________________ restore the river's original beauty.
当地官员担心污染正在破坏自然环境，感到应该采取紧急措施恢复河流的原貌。
it is believed that the beauty of the Li River will be preserved for
and felt that urgent steps should be taken to(共14张PPT)
Section Ⅳ　Writing
——写一则艺术展览通知
文体感知
“艺术展览通知”属于通知的一种。通知的语言要规范， 时间、地点及展出的内容以及注意事项要交代清楚，切忌使用模糊不清的语言和俗语。
增分佳句
一、夺人眼球开头句
1．May I have your attention, please I have an announcement to make.
请大家注意，我要宣布一则通知。
2．Attention, please! I have something important to tell you.
请注意，我有重要的事要宣布。
二、亮点出彩篇中句
1．The art exhibition of calligraphy, painting and photography will be held in the activity room on the second floor of our school at 9 a.m. on November 25th.
书法、绘画、摄影艺术展将于11月25日上午9点在学校二楼活动室举行。
2．The exhibition is scheduled to last about two hours, from 3：30 p．m. to 5：30 p．m.
展览计划持续大约2个小时， 从下午3：30到5：30。
3．To promote cultural exchange between China and other countries, the local TV station will organise a Chinese Character Dictation Competition. I'd like to inform you of some details as follows.
为了促进中国和其他国家的文化交流，当地电视台将举办一次汉字听写比赛。我想告诉你如下一些细节。
4．Those who are interested in the art exhibition are welcome.
欢迎所有对艺术展感兴趣的人参加。
5．There are varieties of exhibition activities in our school, which we can take part in after class.
我们学校有各种各样的展览活动，我们课后可以参加。
三、韵味无穷结尾句
1．Everyone is welcome to take part in it.
欢迎所有人参加。
2．That's all.Thank you.就这些，谢谢。
3．I'm sure you can benefit a lot from the activity.
我相信你们能从该次活动中受益颇丰。
典题演练
假定你是李华，你市文化中心将要在五一假期期间在美术馆举办一场中国水墨画(Chinese ink wash painting)画展，请你写一则通知，内容包括：
1．展览时间、地点；
2．展览内容。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
An Announcement
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
第一步　布局谋篇
第二步　遣词造句
1．一场展览将于五月一日上午九点到下午五点在当地美术馆举办。
An exhibition ____________________________ on May 1st at the local gallery.
2．该展览旨在使人们更好地理解中国水墨画。
The exhibition _____________________________________ of Chinese ink wash painting.
3．一些著名的艺术家们将现场展示他们的绘画技能。
Some famous artists _____________________________________.
will be held from 9 a．m. to 5 p．m.
aims to make people have a better understanding
will give live performances of their painting skills
4．展览上会有很多不同风格的优秀作品。
________________________________________on the exhibition.
5．该展览很值得一看。
The exhibition _______________．
There will be many excellent works of various styles
is well worth a visit
第三步　句式升级
1．用“in order to...”结构合并升级第二步中的句1和句2
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
2．用“not only...but also...”的倒装合并升级第二步中的句3和句4
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
In order to make people have a better understanding of Chinese ink wash painting, an exhibition will be held from 9 a．m. to 5 p．m. on May 1st at the local gallery.
Not only will some famous artists give live performances of their painting skills, but also there will be many excellent works of various styles on the exhibition.
第四步　完美成篇
用适当的过渡词语，把以上词汇和句式，再加上联想内容，组成一篇英语短文。
An Announcement
In order to make people have a better understanding of Chinese ink wash painting, an exhibition will be held from 9 a.m. to 5 p．m. on May 1st at the local gallery.
Not only will some famous artists give live performances of their painting skills, but also there will be many excellent works of various styles on the exhibition. Furthermore, a professor from Beijing will give a lecture about the history of Chinese ink wash painting. In a word, the exhibition is well worth a visit.
During the visit, do keep quiet and keep the gallery clean please.
Everyone is welcome to attend it.
The City Cultural Center