Unit 3Teenage problems知识点+任务型+首字母练习（无答案）牛津译林版九年级上册

Unit 3 Teenage problems
青少年的问题_____________________________________________________ 变得却来越胖_____________________________________________________ 少吃多锻炼_______________________________________________________ 在考试中取得高/低分_______________________________________________ 在课上感觉累的/困的______________________________________________ 更好的安排你的时间_______________________________________________ 向青少年辅导员寻求建议__________________________________________ 不知道如何处理这个问题___________________________________________ 除了做作业别无选择______________________________________________ 每天不得不熬夜___________________________________________________ 尽力在课上保持清醒______________________________________________ 有业余时间进行我的爱好___________________________________________ 想象我没有爱好的生活_____________________________________________ 值得花那么多时间在作业上_________________________________________ 成为我问题的原因之一_____________________________________________ 从不担心时间_____________________________________________________ 陷入麻烦_________________________________________________________ 对我如此严格_____________________________________________________ 在我学业与爱好间取得平衡________________________________________ 认真计划你的一天________________________________________________ 列一个你所有家庭作业的清单___________________________________________ 与别人分享我的烦心事_____________________________________________ 当感觉悲伤时找你的朋友聊聊_______________________________________ 不要关注嘲笑你的那些同学_________________________________________ 似乎比从前开心的多_____________________________________________ 在英语上取得很大/少进步___________________________________________ Comic Strip teenage problems 青少年问题 teenage _______ “青少年的，十几岁的”（主要指十三岁到十九岁这个年龄阶段的） You are all teenage children. 你们都是十几岁的孩子。 拓展：A. teenager 名词，“十几岁的青少年”。例如：Jay Zhou’s songs are very popular with teenagers. teens 名词，“十几岁”，可代替teenager，表示“十几岁的青少年”， 常构成短语in one’s teens “在某人十几岁的时候”，例如：She is in her teens\ forties. Look at my stomach. 看看我的肚子。 stomach 名词，“胃，肚子”。例如： It’s amazing that some animals have four _________________. 令人惊讶的是由一些动物有四个胃。 Eg. Boys and girls, don’t eat _______ ice cream. It’s bad for your _________. A. much too, stomaches B. too much, stomach C. too much, stomachs D. much too, stomachs 3. It’s unhealthy for you to eat too much. 对你来说吃太多不健康。 比较：too many, too much, much too too ________ +复数名词，例如： If you miss too many lessons, you may fail in the exam. too ________ +不可数名词\修饰动词，例如： Eating too much is bad for your health. much _______ “太…..”，用来修饰形容词，副词，表示程度。例如：You are driving much too fast. Eg. Is watching TV ______ bad ______ our health A. much too; to B. much too; for C. too much; to D. too much; for 4. Try more exercise. 要多做运动。 A. 动词，“试用，尝试”。 例如：Have you tried any Western food 你尝过西餐吗？ B. 名词，“尝试，努力，试”，常用短语：have\make\take a try, 例如： He made several ________, but failed each time. 他尝试了好几次，但每次都失败了。 比较：try to do sth. 尽力做某事 try doing sth. 尝试着做某事 He tried ___________________ the tall tree. 他尽力要爬上那棵大树。 He tried ___________________ the tall tree. 他试着爬上那棵高大的树。 Eg.1. Try ____ as much time as possible ____, or you’ll get too tired. A. to spend; to have a rest B. spending; having a rest C. to spend; having a rest D. spending; to have a rest 2. The pair of shoes ______ beautiful. Can I ________ A. looks; try them on B. look; try them on C. looks; try it on D. look; try it on Welcome to the unit The TV is always on at my home. 在我家电视机总是开着。 on ______ “开着，进行中，继续”。常指电灯，电视等开着，其反义词为_______. 例如： The light is on. He must be at home. 灯亮着，他一定在家。 —Would you mind turning on the light It’s too dark. 你介意打开灯吗？ 这里太黑了。 —OK. Wait a minute, please. 没问题，请稍等。 随堂演练： It’s bright now but the lights in the classroom are still on. Please _______. A. turn on it B. turn off it C. turn them on D. turn them off 2. Don’t leave the TV ______ when you are ________. A. in; out B. out; in C. on; out D. out; on The noise almost drives me mad. 噪音几乎使我发疯。 noise “噪音”，常用短语：make noise “发出噪音”. 例如：The noise of traffic kept him awake. 拓展：A. _________ 形容词，“有噪音的，吵闹的”. 例如： It’s so ___________ here. I can’t hear you _____________. 这儿很吵，我听不清楚你说的话。 How ___________ the classroom is! 教室里真吵啊。 B. __________ 副词，“吵闹地”。 例如：Class was over. The students went out of the classroom __________. 辨析：noise, sound, voice noise: 指令人不愉快的响声，噪音或嘈杂音。The machine makes a great noise. sound: 普通用词，指可以听到的任何声音。The teacher told us light travels faster than sound. voice: 主要指人说话或唱歌的声音，即“说话声，嗓音”，有时也指鸟鸣的声音。Fiona has got a sweet voice. Eg. 用noise, sound, voice填空。 The teacher raised her ________ so that every student can hear her. At the foot Yunmeng Mountain, you can hear nothing but the ___________ of running water. The __________ was so loud that she covered her ears with her hands. drive me crazy = make me mad “使我发疯”。例如： In the early morning, the big noise in the market near my home drives me mad. drive 还有“开车送，驱赶”的意思。例如：Please drive the flies away. mad 形容词，“发疯的，生气的，狂热的”。比较级____________ 最高级____________ 例如： I’m really mad at you. You’re always late. 我真是被你气疯了，你总是迟到。 The boy is mad about football. I don’t have any close friends to talk to. 我没有亲密的朋友交谈。 close 形容词，“亲密的，紧挨的，势均力敌的”。例如： Fiona is a close friend of mine. Just now I watched a close match. 刚才我看了一场势均力敌的比赛。 拓展：A. close 动词，“关”，反义词__________ The supermarket closes at 9:00 pm. 这家超市晚上9点关门。After closing the door, he went to sleep. B. __________ 形容词，“关着的”，表示一种状态，反义词_________。例如： Keep your eyes _____________ while doing eye exercises. Shops aren’t ___________ on Sundays. Eg. Mum sat _______ to me and kept her eyes _______. A. closely, close B. closely, closed C. open; close D. opened, closed Sometimes, I feel lonely. 辨析：lonely VS alone lonely 形容词，“孤独的，寂寞的”，可做表语和定语，【 】感彩；“偏僻的，人迹罕至的”。例如： Come over and see me. I’m feeling a bit lonely. 过来看看我吧，我感到有些寂寞。 The old man lives a lonely life in that lonely village. 这位老人在那偏僻的山村过着孤寂的生活。 alone形容词，“单独的，独自的”；副词“单独地，独自地”，可作表语和状语， 强调独自一个人，没有别的同伴，【 】感彩。例如： She has never been on holiday alone. 她从没一个人度过假。 You must do your homework alone. 随堂演练：用alone或lonely填空 The old man lives __________ but he never feels __________. I have never travelled abroad _________. Have you ever been to that ________ island Don’t leave him _________. He’s just a child. After his wife died, he was very __________. No communication with family munication名词，“交流，交际”。例如：Speaking is the important way of communication. 拓展：____________________ 动词，“交流，交际，通讯，通话” I hope to communicate more with you every day. 我希望每天能与你多点沟通。 We can communicate with each other by e-mails. 我们可以通过电子邮件相互交流。 我们政府和很多国家有联系。Our ___________ has ______________ _______________ many countries. 青老年人之间的思想交流没有你想的那么困难。 ___________ between the old and the young ___________ ____________ difficult ___________ you think. Reading 1. I have a problem, and I do not know how to deal with it. deal with “对付，处理”。 例如：I don’t know how I should deal with my old books. 比较：deal with 和_________连用，而do with 和_________连用。例如： The teacher doesn’t know what to do with the naughty boy. Last summer I took a course on how to deal with poisonous gases. Eg.He knows ______ to deal with men but when he meets women, he doesn’t know ____ to do. A. how, how B. how, what C. what, what D. what, how I have no choice but to do it. 除了做它，我别无选择。 choice，名词，“选择”，__________________________“除了做某事别无选择” make a choice“做选择”。例如： Tom got up late this morning. He _________________________________________ to the company. 别无选择只能打车。 拓展：A. choose及物动词，“选择，挑选”。例如：Will you help me choose a handbag I choose to go home by bike. B. choose 不及物动词，“选择”。例如： There are ten books to choose from. 有十本书可供选择。 1. There are so many beautiful cards in the shop that I don’t know ________. A. which one to choose B. to choose which one C. which to choose one D. to choose one which 2. I had no choice but ________ the police the truth. A. tell B. talk C. to tell D. to talk I often stay up late to complete the exercises, and then feel tired the next day. complete动词，“完成，结束”，是一个比较正式的用词，强调通过努力完成的事情，例如： The building hasn’t been completed. 大楼至今尚未完工。 When will the work be _________________ 拓展：A. complete形容词，“完全的，完成的，彻底的”，其反义词___complete。例如： It was a complete surprise to me. 这对我是件完全意外的事。 Is this a complete story B. ________________ 副词，“完全地”。例如： In the end, it disappeared completely. 最后，它完全消失了。 Mike and I share the same star sign, but our characteristics are completely different. Eg1. The village is building a new school. I hope the school ____ before this August. A. is completed B. will complete C. has been completed D. will be completed 2. Another two months will be needed before the new bridge _________. A. completes B. has completed C. is completed D. will be completed Sometimes, I want to refuse to do so much work, but usually I just accept it. refuse 动词，“拒绝”，常用短语：refuse sb\ sth, refuse _________ sth 例如： She refused his gifts. 她拒绝了他的礼物。 I refused to answer that question. 我不愿回答那个问题。 accept 动词，“接受”，例如：I’m pleased that Fiona gladly accepted our invitation. 辨析：accept，receive accept: 【 】观上接受。I can not accept your gifts. 我不能接受你的礼物。 receive：客观上收到。 I received his gifts yesterday. 我昨天收到了他的礼物。 Eg. I ___________ his invitation, but I didn’t ____________ it. I understand that it is important to do my homework and hand it in on time. hand in 交上，上交。例如：I want you to hand in a report on this study trip. 我要求你交一份学习旅行的报告。 hand in 动副结构，代词放中间。hand it\ them in。例如: If you have finished your homework, please hand it in. 比较：on time, in time The plane took off on time. 飞机____时起飞了。 He comes to school on time every day. 他每天___时到校。 He came back in time to watch the football match. 他___时赶回来看了足球比赛。 Eg.1. Have you finished your reports yet You must _______ sometime before Friday. A. hand them in B. hand in them C. hand it in D. hand in it 2. Hurry if you want to be _____ for the beginning of the movie. A. at times B. all the time C. in time D. from time to time However, I hardly have any spare time for my hobbies such as playing volleyball and ping-pong. hardly _________ “几乎不，简直不”。例如：Your grandmother hardly watches TV, does she hard _________ “难的，硬的，辛苦的”，例如：It’s hard for him to finish his homework in an hour. hard __________ “努力地，辛苦地，猛烈地”。例如：Work hard and you will catch up with others. Eg.1. —Do you think yesterday’ s Maths problem was difficult —Yes, I could _______ work it out. A. hardly B. easily C. finally D. nearly 2. Jim has sold most of his things. He has hardly ______ left in the house. A. anything B. everything C. nothing D. something 3. It is terrible. It’s raining so _______ that we can ______ go out. A. hard, hardly B. hardly, hard C. hard, hard D. hardly, hardly I often doubt whether it is worth working hard. 我经常怀疑是否值得那么努力地学习。 doubt 动词，“怀疑”。例如：I doubt the truth of this report. 我怀疑这份报告的真实性。 拓展：doubt 名词 There’s no doubt that you can solve this report. 毫无疑问，你能独自解决这个问题。 比较：在肯定句当中doubt常与if 或whether搭配使用，译为“对…..是否发生表示疑惑”， 而doubt +that通常用于否定句，表示“恐怕，不会”。例如： I doubt __________________ she will change her mind. 我怀疑她是不是真的会改变想法。 I don’t doubt _________ she will change her mind. 恐怕她不会改变想法。 worth 形容词，“值得”，be worth ______ sth 值得做某事 be ___________________ sth 非常值得做某事 例如： The house cost us 400,000 yuan but it is not worth so much. 这栋房子花了我们40万元，但实际不值这么多钱。 I hope you think that my advice is well worth taking. 我希望你认为我的建议非常值得采纳。 Eg.1. The debate between Romney and Obama is _____worth _______. A. very, to listen B. well, to listen to C. very, listening D. well, listening to 2. We never doubt _______ David told us the truth. Can you offer me some suggestions 你能给我提供一些建议吗？ offer 动词，“提供，主动提出”，常用短语： offer sb sth = offer sth _____ sb “给某人提供某物”， offer _________ sth “主动做某事”。例如： I’m very thirsty. Can you offer me a cup of tea 我很渴，能给我一杯茶吗？ He offered to land me his bike. 他表示愿意把他的自行车借给我。 拓展：offer名词，“主动提议，减价”。例如：I made him an offer of help. 我向他表示愿意提供帮助。 suggestion 可数名词，advice 不可数名词 a suggestion = a piece of advice some suggestions = some advice 拓展：suggest 动词，“建议”。例如： I suggested that we (should) hold a meeting tonight. 我提议我们今晚开个会。 I suggest going out for a walk after supper. 我建议晚饭后到外面去散步。 Eg.1. We shouldn’t forgot to say thanks when we ______ help. A. are offered B. offer C. are offered D. give 2. Do you have any _______ to make on the subject A. advices B. informations C. suggestions D. newses 3. This will give us an _______ of how much free time we have. A. suggestion B. advice C. problem D. idea 4. —What ______ do you have for Paul —I think he should study harder than before. A. news B. advice C. help D. information Key: ACDB They will be of great value to me. value名词，“用途；积极作用；价值”。例如： He doesn’t know the value of fresh air and sunlight. 他不了解新鲜空气和阳光的重要性。 拓展：valuable形容词，“宝贵的，很有用的，贵重的”。 常用短语：be valuable to sb= be of value to sb “对某人有价值”。 例如： The computer is very valuable to me in my work. =The computer is of great value to me in my work. 类似的短语 be of importance to sb. = be important to sb 对某人来说很重要； be of use to sb.=be useful to sb 对某人来说很有用。例如： This matter is of great importance to us. 这事对我们来说非常重要。 The suggestions are of use to me. 这些建议对我很有用。 1. 单项选择The meeting is of ______ to all of us. A. very important B. very importance C. great importance D. great important 2. 用所给词的适当形式填空 a. Thank you for your ____________ (value) help. b. What’s the ________ (value) of the old stamp c. Your suggestion may be the _____________ (value), I think. I have plenty of friends. plenty of “很多”，后面接可数名词或不可数名词，只用于陈述句，在疑问句中一般用enough, 在否定句中用many或much。同义短语 a lot of. 例如： It has plenty of rain in the south in spring. There are plenty of eggs in the fridge. Eg.时间多得很，你不需要这么匆忙。There is ______ ________ time, you __________ be in _______ a hurry. We like staying out late to play football. 比较： stay out late 呆在外面很晚 stay up late 熬夜 Staying out late often makes parents worried. 在外面得很晚经常使父母着急。 Don’t stay up late. It’s bad for your health. 不要熬夜，这对你的健康很有害。 拓展：stay away from…=keep away from “远离…..” stay +形容词= keep +形容词 “保持…..” 例如： Stay away from fire. 远离火 To stay healthy, we should eat more vegetables. 为了保持健康，我们应该多吃蔬菜。 Eg.—What did the doctor say just now —The doctor suggested that we shouldn’t ________ late even on holiday. A. put up B. give up C. turn up D. stay up Then I get into trouble at home because my parents do not allow me to play outside after 6 p.m. trouble 名词，“麻烦，苦恼，忧虑” get into trouble “陷入麻烦” have trouble in ____________ sth. “做某事有麻烦” Try not get into any trouble. 尽量别找麻烦。 I have great trouble in learning English and I’m so worried. Could you help me 拓展：trouble 动词，“使烦恼，使忧虑” He is troubled by the bad news. 他为这个坏消息烦恼。 allow 动词，“允许”，常用短语：allow sb to do sth 其被动语态sb. be allowed to do sth. My mother doesn’t allow me to learn to drive. Children under 18 are not allowed to go into the Internet bars. Eg.1. —How is your English study —Not bad. But I ______ learning English grammar. A. am interested in B. am good at C. have a little trouble D. have no trouble 2. —Look at the sign here on the light. —Oh, smoking _____ here. A. doesn’t allow B. isn’t allowed C. didn’t allow D. wasn’t allowed 3. Mr Wang said he ______ us _______ for another two weeks. A. will allow; to work B. will allow; work C. would allow; to work D. has allowed; work I really do not understand why they are so strict. strict 形容词，“严格的，严厉的” be strict _________ sb 对某人严格 be strict ______ sth 对某事严格 We should be strict with ourselves. Our English teacher is strict in her work. Eg.—_______ Mrs Green strict ______ you —Yes, she’s also strict ______ her work. A. Does; with; in B. Is; with; in C. Does; in; with D. Is, in, with Can you please advise me how to achieve a balance between my schoolwork and my hobbies achieve 动词，“获得，完成”。例如： I have achieved only half of the work. 我才完成了一半的工作。 拓展：__________________ 名词，“成就，成功”。例如： Albert Einstein was a simple man of great achievement. 艾尔伯特爱因斯坦是一个淳朴而又取得巨大成就的人。 Winning the World Cup is the highest achievement in soccer. 赢得世界杯是足球运动的最高成就。 Eg.Many people need to learn how to achieve a balance _____ work _____ play. A. both, and B. between, and C. either, or D. only, but Do not give up your hobby but do not forget about your family, either. either，副词，“也”（常用于否定句末尾）。例如：I can’t speak Japanese. My English teacher can’t speak Japanese, either. 辨析：either：用于否定句末 too: 用于肯定句或作为插入语放在句中 also：用于肯定句中，通常放在be动词，情态动词、第一个助动词之后，行为动词之前 例如： I agree with you. Mum agrees with you, too. =I agree with you. Mum also agrees with you. I don’t agree with you. Mum doesn’t agree with you, either. 我不同意你，妈妈也不同意。 too和also用于肯定句时可以转化为“so+助动词\系动词\情态动词+主语”这种倒装句； 而either用于否定句，可以转化为“neither\ nor +助动词\系动词\情态动词+主语”这种倒装句，句意不变。例如： My cousin can skate. My brother can skate, too. = My cousin can skate. My brother can also skate.=My cousin can skate, so can my brother. She can’t swim. He can’t, either. =She can’t swim, neither\ nor can he. If you don’t go to the park, I won’t either. =If you don’t go to the park, neither\ nor shall I. 1. 单项选择 a. —Shall we go for a picnic on Saturday or Sunday —_______ is OK. I’m free this weekend. A. Either B. Every C. Both D. Neither b. If you want to go to see the movie this evening, so ______ I. A. do B. am C. will D. should c. ______ Lisa ______ Lucy may go with you because one of them must stay at home to take care of the dog. A. Not only; but also B. Neither; nor C. Both; and D. Either; or 2. 选择too, also, either填空。 a. Today is _______ hot for us to play basketball. b. If you don’t go, I shall not go _________. c. He doesn’t want any coffee, and I don’t want any, ________. d. The dress is pretty. It is _______ inexpensive. Grammar I have no courage to share with my friends my worries. 我没有勇气和我的朋友分担我的担忧。 courage名词, “勇气”，常用短语have no courage ___________ sth “没有勇气做某事”。例如： I had no courage to explain my idea at yesterday’s class meeting. 在昨天的班会课上，我没有勇气表明自己的意见。 拓展：___courage动词，“鼓励”。常用短语：encourage sb __________ sth“鼓励某人做某事”。如： Our teacher always encourage us to work hard. Eg. Her first ________ encouraged her _______ even harder. A. success; to work B. successful, to work C. success, worked D. successful, worked To tell you the truth, sometimes I quarrel with my cousin Shirley. truth名词，“事实，真理”，常用短语tell the truth“说实话”，其反义短语tell a lie“撒谎” To tell you the truth, he didn’t tell you the truth at all. 拓展：A. true形容词，“真实的，忠诚的”。例如：Is it true that he has left for London 他去了伦敦烦人消息真实吗？ B. __________ 副词，“真正地”，相当于“really”。例如： Tell me truly what you think about it. 把对这个问题的看法如实告诉我。 I’m truly sorry about it. quarrel名词或动词，“争吵，吵架”。例如：Mum quarreled with Dad about buying the car last night. Eg.用true 的适当形式填空。 To tell the _________, I didn’t agree with him at first. I don’t believe the news is _____________. c. He is _________ sad now and says nothing. I hope my parents can spare some time for me every day. spare动词，“留出，匀出”。例如：Perhaps he cannot spare any time except on Sunday. 他大概除了星期天不会有空。 拓展：spare形容词，“空闲的，多余的”，同义词free。例如： Do you have any spare time for your hobbies Do you have a spare ticket for me 有一张多余的票给我吗？ The best way is to let your parents see your progress after each exam. progress名词，“进步”，常用短语make progress in sth\ ____________ sth。 例如： I have made great progress in English since I read this book. Eg. My teacher gave me ______ good suggestion and I made ______ progress in my study. A. a; a B. \; \ C. a;\ D. \; a Integrated skills My penfriend in the USA hasn’t replied to my last three e-mails. reply不及物动词，“回复”，常与to连用。例如：I haven’t replied to his letter yet. = I haven’t answered his letter yet. 拓展：A. reply也可作名词，常用短语the reply to sth= the answer to sth “对……的回答” The stranger made no reply to everybody’s greeting. 这个陌生人对大家的问候没做答复。 B. reply 也可作及物动词“答复”。例如：Fiona replied that she was happy to accept our invitation. Eg.1.Thanks a lot for _____________ (回复) to my letter. I’m very worried now because she hasn’t ____________ (回复) to my last e-mail. Please give me a ____________ (回答) as soon as you get my letter. 2.—Thanks for listening to my problem and giving me your advice, Amy. —My pleasure. 不用谢。 pleasure名词，“高兴，乐意”。例如： —Thank you for helping with my English. 谢谢你帮我学英语。 —It’s my\a pleasure. 不用谢。 —Can you get me today’s newspaper —With pleasure. 很乐意。 It gives me great pleasure to grow flowers. 栽培花卉给我带来了很大的乐趣。 拓展：A. _____________形容词，“令人愉快的”，反义词___pleasant。例如：It’s pleasant to play chess with old friends. B. ______________ 形容词，“愉快的，满意的”。 be pleased with sb\sth be pleased to do sth.，例如： C. please动词，“使……满意，使…..喜欢，请”。 例如：Would you please come at once 请马上过来好吗？ Eg.1.—Thank you very much for giving me so much help. —_________. A. It’s my pleasure B. With pleasure C. Don’t say so. D. It’s nothing. 2. Would you please ________ the window I feel a little hot. A. not open B. not to open C. not close D. not to close Study skills 1. Many teenagers suffer from stress. 很多青少年遭受压力之苦。 suffer from“患有（疾病）；因……而受打击，受到…..之害”，无被动语态。例如： My grandmother often suffers from a headache. What illness is he suffering from Many teenagers are suffering from the computer games. 许多青少年正在受到电脑游戏的危害。 2. Though their problems can make them worry, there are some ways to help them deal with stress. though “尽管，虽然”，同义词although，是从属连词，引导让步状语从句。 英语中though\although和but只能选其一，不能两个同时使用，但though可以和yet,still等连用。例如： Though he is in poor health, yet he works hard.他虽然身体不好，工作却很努力。 拓展：because Vs so 不能同时用于一句话当中。 I don’t know all your names because this is our first lesson.= This is our first lesson so I don’t know all your names. Eg.1. They will try their best in the Dragon Boat Racing _____ they may fail. A. if B. although C. unless D. until 2. Although he worked hard, _____ he failed in the exam. A. but B. \ C. and D. or 3. Because he had a bad headache yesterday, _______ he didn’t go to school. A. so B. for C. and D. \ 4. —Tom didn’t come to school this morning, ______ —_______, though he felt sick. A. did Tom; Yes B. didn’t Tom; No C. did he; Yes D. did he; No Task 1. The problem of stress gets worse when people keep their worries to themselves. keep one’s worries to themselves “把忧愁放在自己心里”。keep one’s secrets to oneself “为某人自己保守秘密”。例如： 我能为我自己保守秘密，也能为别人保守秘密。I can keep _____ ______ myself and I can also keep them ______ others. 2. One main cause of stress is homework. 压力的一个主要来源是作业。 cause名词，“原因，起因”，指造成一种事实或现象的“原因”，后面通常接of 短语。例如： What was the cause of the fire 什么是火灾的原因？ Smoking is the cause of the heart disease. 拓展： cause，动词，“使产生，引起”。例如：Bad weather usually causes natural disasters. 辨析：reason名词，“理由，原因”，指合理的存在的理由和事实，后面通常接for的短语。例如： excuse 名词，“辩解，借口”，指为某一行为所作出的解释，可以是真的也可以是托词,make an excuse“找借口”。 I won’t listen to your any excuse. 我不想听你的任何借口。 Mike was late again and made an excuse to fool the boss. Eg.1. Many accidents __________ by careless drivers last year. 2. Try your best to find out the _______ of the plane crash. 3. Don’t ____________________ for failure, but find the way to success. 一、疑问词引导的宾语从句 A．语序： 无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都必须使用陈述语序， 即“主句+连词+宾语从句 (主语+谓语+……)”句式。 根据连接词在从句中所担任的不同成分，可分为以下四种： (1)连接词+谓语。连接词在从句中作主语。常见的连接词有：who，what，which 等：如： The small children don't know what is in their stockings. 这些小孩子不知道袜子里有什么东西？ 连接词+名词+谓语。连接词在从句中作主语的定语。 常见的连接词有：whose，what，which，how many，how much等。如： He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class. 他问我们班上谁的书法最好。 连接词+主语+谓语。连接词在从句中作宾语、 状语或表语。 常见的连接词有：who(m)，what，which，how many，how much，when She hasn't decided when she'll go on a trip to Beijing. 她还没决定什么时候去北京旅行。 连接词+名词+主语+谓语。连接词在从句中作宾语或表语的定语。 常见的连接词有：what，which，how many，how much，how 等。如： She asked me what colour my pen was.她问我的钢笔是什么颜色。 注意：在选择宾语从句时，首先应该注意从句的句式是否正确。 B．时态： 与第二单元涉及的宾语从句的时态，用法相同。 二、 提建议的方法 初中常见的用英语提建议的句型归纳如下： 1. Why not-和Why don't you- “Why not+动词原形 +其他？”这是个省略句， 其完整句式为“Why don't you (we)+动词原形 +其他？”意为一“为什么不……呢？” 常用于间接地向对方提出建议，往往带有肯定的意味，一般不必回答。 Why not have a try =Why don't you have a try 为什么不试一试呢？ 2．What about和How about What/ How about+名词／代词／动词的-ing形式+其他？此句型意为“……怎么样？” 是提建议或征求对方意见的委婉说法。 What about going to a movie 去看场电影怎么样？ 3．Let's+动词原形 +其他。此句型意为“（让）我们……吧”。其否定形式直接在 let 后加 not。 Let's go to the water park．让我们去水上公园吧。 Shall we/I+动词原形+其他？此句型意为“我们／我做……好吗？” 常以商量的语气向对方提出建议。 What a sunny day! Shall we go hiking 天气多好呀！我们去远足好吗？ 5．Would you mind+动词的-ing形式+其他？ 这是英语中用来提建议或要求的常用句型，意为“请你做……好吗？” 语气委婉，客气，一般用在面对陌生人时或者比较正式的场合。例如： Would you mind closing the window 请你关上窗户好吗？ 6．Could you please+动词原形+其他？ 此句型意为“请你……好吗？”其中 could并不是 can的过去式，而是表示更委婉的建议或请求。例如：Could you please wash the dishes 请你洗盘子好吗？ 其否定形式，只需要在动词前加上 not 即可。例如： Could you please not talk in class 在课堂上你能不讲话吗？ 注意：当对方向你提出建议时，肯定回答可用 ： OK!／Good./ Good idea!／That sounds good.／Sure.／Of course.／Yes, please. Yes, I think so.／ Yes, I'd love to.／All right.／No problem./ I agree with you.等 否定回答可用 No, thanks.／No, I don't think so. 任务型阅读 Some good manners in modern life
Do you often use a cell phone Do you take the subway to school every day These items make our modern life easier. But do you know how we should behave properly while using them The following suggestions might be helpful.
For cell phone users：
◆Keep your voice down when you make a phone call in public. Shouting on the phonemaymake others feel uncomfortable. And you’d better not use it during a meeting.
◆Don’t send messages at a dinner or a party. You shouldn’t play cell phone games either. It’s a good time to communicate with your family and friends.
◆Don’t make or answer a call while driving. It is notonlyverydangerous for both you and your passengers but also against the law.
For subway passengers
◆You are supposed to wait in a line while buying tickets and getting on the subway.
◆According to subway rules, you mustn’t eat, drink or smoke on the subway. The smell and noisemaytrouble others. It’s necessary to keep the train clean and tidy. Besides, smoking is bad for your health and harms people around you. ◆ You’d better not lie across the subway seats even if the train isn’t crowded. Offering your seat to someone who needs it is considered as good manners.
Titles：Some good manners in modern life. ItemsDo’sDon’tCell phone usersKeep your voice down when(1) ________a phone call in public.·Don’t send messages(2)___________play games at dinner or a party. ·Don’t make or answer a call while drivingSubway passengers·Wait in a line while buying tickets. ·Keep the subway clean and tidy. ·(4)___________ your seat to the People in need.·Don’t eat, drink or smoke. It trouble others and smoking is (3)_______________. ·Don’t lie across the subway seats even if there are some (5)______________seats.
首字母填空 Why don’t humans have tails Millions of years ago, humans did have tails, but we slowly l_________1 them. As we know, many animals have tails and they are useful. Tails not only help them keep their balance w__________2 walking or running, but also have other uses. For example, monkeys use their tails to climb. Dogs and cats use them to show f__________3 to others. Peacocks use them to attract partners. We humans crouch or walk upright, so it seems that we no longer need a tail. However, a university in Asia has built robotic (机器人的) tails for old people. They can w__________4 the tails to help keep their balance. The tail is about one meter long. When people walk one way, the tail moves in the o_________5 direction. “The tail keeps balance like a pendulum(钟摆), ” said a scientist from the tail’s development team. The robotic tail w__________6 like a seahorse’s tail. Researchers have found that seahorses’ square tails can help build better robots and medical devices. The robotic tail has plastic backbones (椎骨) that a__________7 to move easily. When it is necessary, users can also take some of its parts out to make the tail l__________8 . The number of old people is growing in the world, and some of them can’t walk smoothly. With the s____________9 of the tail, they can get around. What is more, the development team is also looking at other p____________10 uses for the tail. Scientists from the tail’s development team are always ready to take on challenges. 错题订正：_________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ 生词积累：_________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ 同义替换：_________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ 好词好句：______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________