Unit1 Where did you go on vacation学案人教版英语八年级上册

Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation
基础梳理
重点词汇
pron. 任何人 adv. 在任何地方
adj. 精彩的；绝妙的 pron. 不多；很少
adj., adv. & pron. 最多；大多数 pron.某事；某物
pron. 没有什么 pron. 每人；所有人
pron.我自己 pron.你自己
n. 母鸡 n. 猪
v. 好像；似乎；看来 adj. 厌倦的；烦闷的
pron. 某人 n. 日记；记事簿
adj.有趣的；令人愉快的 n. 活动
v. 决定；选定 v. & n. 尝试；努力
n. 鸟 n. 自行车；脚踏车
n. 建筑物；房子 n. 商人
v. 想知道；琢磨 n. 差别；差异
n. 顶部；表面 v. 等待；等候
n. 伞；雨伞 adj. 湿的；潮湿的；
prep. & adv.在…下面 adj.&adv.足够的（地）
adj. 饥饿的 n. 小山；山丘
n. 鸭 v.&n.不喜爱（的事物）；厌恶（的事物）
adv. 像…一样；如同 conj. 当 时；如同
重点短语
去度假 相当多；不少
拍照 当然；自然
到达… 决定做某事
尝试做某事 写日记
享受做某事 等…
太多 因为
给…的感觉；感受到 去购物
语法梳理
不定代词：不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词
指物 指人
something someone somebody
anything anyone anybody
nothing no one nobody
everything everyone everybody
规律一：复合不定代词的定语
（1）形容词修饰不定代词或不定副词时，要放在不定代词或副词的后面
Eg: Last night，I saw someone strange walking around on the street.
Many people like to go to somewhere interesting to have a vacation on holidays.
（2）复合不定代词与动词不定式连用时，不定式要放在不定代词的后面
Eg: Do you have anything to do
规律二：复合不定代词的属格
-one和-body形式的指人不定代词有’s的属格，-thing形式的指物不定代词则没有
Eg: Is this anyone’s seat
-one和-body形式的指人不定代词在与else连用时，属格’s应加在else上
Eg: It may be someone else’s bag.
规律三：复合不定代词常作第三人称单数，在做主语时后面的谓语动词需用单三形式
Eg: Nothing Is difficult if you put you heart into it.
规律四：复合不定代词的否定
（1）not every-表示部分否定，表示并非都
Eg: Not everything will go well.
（2）not any-和no都表示完全否定
Eg: He didn’t hear anything. He heard nothing.
易混辨析一：anyone 和 any one
anyone 只指人，不指物，且后面不接of短语
any one 既可指人，又可指物，表示＂任何一个＂，后面可接of短语。
Eg: Anyone in my class knows any one of the singers and any one of their songs.
易混辨析二：no one，none 与 nothing
no one 只能用于指人，不能与of连用。一般用来回答who 引导的特殊疑问句。
none 既可指人，也可指物。其后可接of短语，＂none of＋可数名词复数＂作主语时谓语动词用单、复数皆可。
nothing 只能用于指物。可用来回答 what 引导的特殊疑问句及含anything的一般疑问句。
Eg: No one wants to go shopping.
Eg: None of those chalks work/works.
Eg: —What is in the bag —Nothing.
反身代词
人称 单数 复数
第一人称 myself ourselves
第二人称 yourself yourselves
第三人称 herself/himself/itself themselves
规律一：反身代词可做宾语表自己
Eg: She bought herself a nice notebook.
规律二：反身代词可做同位语表强调
Eg: He himself finished the job.
拓展：常见反身代词词组搭配
teach oneself 自学 = learn...by oneself 自学……
enjoy oneself 玩得高兴，过得愉快 = have a good time = have fun
by oneself 独自 = on one’s own = alone
help oneself (to...) 请自便……
seat oneself 就坐 = be seated
一般过去时：表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示过去经常发生的动作
规律一：一般过去时的基本结构
be 动词
肯定句：主语+ was/were +其他.
Eg: Tom was at home yesterday.
否定句：主语+ wasn’t/weren’t +其他.
Eg: Tom wasn’t at home yesterday.
一般疑问句及其回答：Were/Was +主语+其他
Eg: —Was Tom at home yesterday —Yes, he was. / No, he wasn’t.
特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + were/was +主语+其他
Eg: —Where was Tom yesterday —He was at home yesterday.
实义动词
肯定句：主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他.
Eg: I went to the supermarket yesterday.
否定句：主语 + didn’t + 动词原形 + 其他.
Eg: I didn’t go to the supermarket yesterday.
一般疑问句及其回答：Did +主语+动词原形+其他
肯定回答：Yes,主语+ did. 否定回答：No,主语+ didn’t / did not.
Eg: —Did you go to the supermarket yesterday —Yes, I did./No, I didn’t.
特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其他？
Eg: —Where did you go yesterday —I went to the supermarket yesterday.
规律二：一般过去时的构成
情况 构成方法 例词
一般情况 加ed learn→learned，help→helped
以不发音的字母e结尾 加d hope→hoped，like→liked
以辅音字母+y结尾 变y为i，再加ed carry→carried，study→studied
结尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词 双写末尾辅音字母，再加ed stop→stopped，plan→planned
规律三：一般过去时的判断：通过句子中是否有表示过去的时间状语来判定。
（1）介词＋表示过去时间的年、月、日，如 in 1983 等
（2）yesterday 以及由 yesterday 构成的短语：yesterday morning/afternoon/evening，the day before yesterday
（3）带有 ago 的短语，如 three days ago，five years ago
（4） last 构成的短语，如 last week/year/month 等
（5）表示过去的词或短语，如 once，at that time，just now 等
固定搭配与词组
try doing sth.尝试着做某事
Eg: The boy tried making a card.
try to do sth. 尽力、设法去做某事
Eg: He tried to carry the bucket.
because of 短语介词，后可接名词、代词或名词性成分
Eg: We didn’t get there in time because of the heavy rain.
because 连词，引导状语从句，后面接句子表明直接、明确的原因或理由
Eg: We didn’t get there in time because it rained heavily.
enough 修饰名词时，常放在名词的前面
Eg: There is enough water for everyone.
enough 修饰形容词、副词时，常放在它们的后面
Eg: He is tall enough to play basketball.
arrive in 表示到达较大的地方，如国家、省、市等
Eg: We arrived in Beijing yesterday.
arrive at 表示到达较小的地方，如商店、广场、家等。
Eg: She arrived at the supermarket very quickly.
seem常用句型：
主语+seem+(to be+)表语（多为形容词或名词）
Eg: You seem to be very happy today.
It seems + that 从句
Eg: It seems that it will rain.
主语 + seem + 动词不定式
Eg: Dr.Li seems to know everything.
too many 太多，修饰可数名词复数
too much 太多，修饰不可数名词
much too 太，表程度，常用来修饰形容词
随堂检测
单选
( )1. She is new here，so she has _______friends at school.
A. Much B. Few C, little D. A little
( )2. —Steven, can you help me buy some meat
—_____，I like shopping.
A.What a pity B.I’m sorry
C.Of course D.You’re welcome
( )3. Do you read today’s newspaper There is _____ in it.
A. Something interesting B. anything new
C. Everything important D. nothing special
( )4.He didn’t go to school today ____bad cough.
A,as a result B.because C.so D.because of
( )5. My family decide _____to the beach this week.
A.go B.goes C.to go D.going
( )6. He didn’t see the question________, although he had ________ to do that.
A. careful enough; enough time B. carefully enough; enough time
C. enough careful; enough time D. enough carefully; time enough
( )7.I have _______ homework to do and I’m _______ tired now.
A. much too; too much B. much too; much too
C. Too much; too much D. Too much; much too
( )8.Tim, your mother is waiting _____ you at the school gate.
A.for B.at C.with D.as
( )9. No one taught me English . I learned it by _____ .
A.I B.my C.mine D.myself
( )10. This question is difficult for me, but I try _____ it confidently.
to answer B.answering C.answered D.to be answered
完型
David and Frank camped out with their parents.They went to the lake by car.And it took__41__two hours to get there.When they got there, they were__42__ to see the green trees and the beautiful lake.The house near the lake looked nice.They would live in it__43__ two days.
When their parents unloaded(卸货) the car, the children ran to the lake.
“Don't get into the__44__before we come, ” the father and the mother shouted together.
“All right, ” they answered and__45__ their parents.
After their parents joined them, they swam for a long time.Then they felt __46__ and went back to have some food.Though(尽管) the rooms were small, __47__ their beds were comfortable(舒适的). They __48__ well at night.
The next day, they woke up early and looked outside.They __49__ their parents walking around the lake.They got up quickly and ran outside to play.
The children liked __50__ there.They had a good time.
( )41.A.us B.them C. you D. him
( )42.A.sad B.tired C. angry D.happy
( )43.A.at B.in C.for D. between
( )44.A.lake B. mountain C.house D.car
( )45.A.played with B.woke up C.waited for D.shouted to
( )46.A.full B.cold C.hungry D.shy
( )47.A./ B.so C.and D.or
( )48.A.worked B.woke C.helped D.slept
( )49.A.tried B.saw C.learned D.followed
( )50.A.nothing B. anyone C. everything D.everyone
课后巩固
完成句子
1. She went to Nanjing yesterday. (对划线部分提问）
________ ________ she ________ yesterday
2. I haven't seen you for a long time. (改为同义句）
________ ________ no ________ .
3. He made a decision to go by subway.（改为同义句）
He ________ ________ go by subway.
4. She doesn't go to school because it is snowing heavily.（改为同义句）
She doesn't go to school ________ ________ the heavy snow.
5.Don’t forget to turn off the lights when you go out.（改为同义句）
________ ________ turn off the lights when you go out.
6.你为什么不给自己买点东西呢？
________ didn't you buy for ________
7.他爸爸似乎很累。
His father ________ ________ ________very tired.
8.你喜欢踢足球吗？
Do you ________ ________ ________football
9.他是多么开朗的一个男孩啊！
________ ________outgoing boy ________ ________!
10.上周末你去哪里度假了？
Where ________ you go ________ ________ last weekend