Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation? 基础语法知识习题（无答案）2024-2025学年人教版英语八年级上册

人教版八年级上册英语一单元基础和语法知识精讲专练
一、词形变化
1. difference n.不同点 ---- adj.不同的 _______
2. tire v.疲惫----- adj. __________累的
3. bore v.无聊-----adj. 无聊的______（物做主语）_______（人做主语）
4.build v.建造 ----- n. _____________建筑物
5.decide v.做决定----n. _______ _决定
5.crowd v.拥挤 ----- adj. ____________ 拥挤的
6.wonder 想知道 --- adj. ____________ 精彩的
7. enjoy v.喜欢----adj 有乐趣的________
8. activity n.——复数_____________； diary n.日记——复数_________；
9. trade v.贸易----n. 商人______________
10. wait v.等待----n. 男服务员________n. 女服务员 _______
11. like v. 喜欢——反义词 v.________prep. 像——不像__________
12. 人称代词
I 我-----______(形物代）-----______(名物代)—_________(反身代词）
you 你/你们-----___________(形物代）——_________(名物代）
—____________ (反身代词单数形式) /___________ (反身代词单数形式)
he 他-----_____(形物代）-----______(名物代)—_________(反身代词）
she 她-----______(形物代)-----______(名物代)—_________(反身代词）
二、短语
1.去度假 __________________
2.待在家里 ___________________
3.去海滩 ___________________
4. 在度假 ___________________
5. 去爬山 ___________________
6.参观故宫博物馆 ___________________
7.去夏令营 ________________
8. 太拥挤 ____________________
9.相当多 ______________
10.为……而学习 _______________
11.出去 ________________
12.大部分时间 ________________
13.尝起来很好吃 ________________
14.玩得高兴 ________________
15.当然 ________________
16.给……的感觉，感受到 ____________
17.去购物 _____________
18.在过去 _____________
19.四处走走 _____________
20.因为 _____________
21.一碗……_____________
22.第二天 _____________
23.喝茶 _____________
24.找出；查明 ___________
25. 继续 __________________
26.照相 ___________________
27.重要的事 ___________________
28.上上下下___________________
29.出来 ___________________
30.为某人买某物 ___________________
31.尝起来…… ________________
32.看起来……____________________
33.除了……之外
什么都没有 ______________
34.看起来似乎… ___________________
35.到达某地 ___________________
36.决定去做某事___________________
37.想要做某事 ___________________
38.为某人买某物 ___________________
39.尝起来…… ________________
40.看起来……____________________
41. .尝试做某事 ______________
42.尽力去做某事 _____________
43.忘记做过某事 _____________
44.忘记做某事_______________
45.想要做某事 ______________
46.喜欢做某事 ______________
47.开始做某事 ______________
48.停止做某事_______________
三、重点句子
1.好久不见。
_______ _______ _____ ________．
2.你去任何有趣的地方了吗？
Did you go _____________ _______________
3.你觉得它怎么样？
_________ did you ________ it
4.我大部分时间只是待在家里看书和休息。
I just stayed at home most of the time _____ ________ _________ _______．
5.仍然没有人看起来无聊。
Still no one ______________ _____ ______ ____________．
6.唯一的问题是晚上除了读书没什么事可做。
The only problem was _______ there was _________ _______ _____ _______ in the evening _________ read.
7.你为什么没给自己买任何东西呢？
________ _______ _________ buy anything for yourself？
8．我感觉自己就像一只鸟。
I _________ _______ I was a bird.
9．一天的差异是多么大呀！
_________ ___ _______________ a day __________ !
10.我真的很喜欢在镇上四处走走。
I really ______________ _____________ around the town.
11.我的腿太累了以至于我想停下来。
My legs were _______ tired _________ I wanted to ________．
12.我们想要步行到山顶，但后来天开始下小雨了，因此我们决定乘坐火车。
We wanted to walk up to the top，but then it __________ ____________ a little so we ____________ _________ __________ the train.
四、重点知识
1、vacation [v 'ke n] n.假期 = holiday
on vacation 在度假 take a vacation 去度假 winter/ summer vacation 寒/暑假
2、【辨析】quite a few与quite a little
quite a few意为“相当的;不少”，修饰可数名词复数；
quite a little意为“相当的;不少”，修饰不可数名词。
①He will stay here for_______ ___ _______days.
②There is _______ _____ ______water in the bottle.
3、【辨析】 few / a few little / a little
否定 肯定 所修饰的名词
few没有,几乎没有 a few有几个 可数名词复数
little几乎没有 a little有一点儿 不可数名词
4、nothing much to do意为“没什么事可做”。
nothing…but…意为“除……之外什么也没有；只有”；
but后可接名词或动词原形。
e.g.I had nothing to do but watch TV.我无事可做，只有看电视。
5、seem 不及物动词 “似乎，好像”
(1) seem like “好像” e.g.It seemed like a good idea.
(2) seem +adj. e.g.He seemed unhappy.
(3) seem to do sth.“似乎，好像做某事” e.g.He seems to be happy.
(4) It seems that… “看起来好像……, 似乎……”
e.g.It seems that no one believes you.看起来好像没有人相信你。
6、arrive vi“到达”
arrive in表示到达较大的地方；arrive at表示到达较小的地方。（地点副词home，here，there前介词省略）
get/ reach/ arrive: get to +地点=arrive in/at +地点=reach+地点
7、decide [d 'sa d] v.决定；选定 → decision n 决定
(1)decide to do sth=make up one’s mind to do sth 决定去做某事
(2) make a decision做决定
(3)make a decision on +n/doing
(4) decide on 选定；决定
8、try doing sth.尝试做某事 try to do sth.尽力设法做某事
try one's best to do sth. =do one's best do to sth.尽全力做某事
have a try 试一试 try on 试穿
9、feel like意为“给……的感觉；感受到”。其后常接从句。
eg: He feels like he is swimming.他感觉像在游泳一样。
10、difference可数名词，意为“差别，差异” ；
其形容词形式为different，意为“不同的；有差异的”。
e.g: What is the difference between this book and that book
b.My schoolbag is different from yours. ( be different from 意为“与……不同”）
11、由what引导的感叹句，常见有两种形式：
（1）what+a/an+形容词/副词+可数名词单数（+主语+谓语）！
e.g.What a kind girl she is!
（2）What+形容词+复数名词/不可数名词（+主语+谓语）！
e.g.What bad weather!
e.g.What beautiful flowers they are!
12、由how引导的感叹句也有两种构成方式：
（1）How + 形容词/副词+ 主语+ 谓语！
e.g.How interesting the dog is!
（2）How+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+主语+谓语！
e.g.How lovely a girl she is!=what a lovely girl she is!
13、1）wait for意为“等候”，其后可接人或物。2）wait to do sth 等待做某事
3）can't wait to do sth 迫不及待的做某事
14、too many, too much与much too
(1) too many + 复数名词 许多 too many people 太多人
(2) too much +不可数名词 许多 too much homework 太多家庭作业
(3) much too +形容词 太… much too cold 太冷了
15、辨析：because of与because
a.because of意为“因为，由于”，后可接名词、代词或动名词，不能接句子。
He lost his job because of his age.
b.because意为“因为”，引导状语从句，即接句子。
16、辨析：bring与take
bring意为“带来；拿来”， 指从别处带到说话者所在地。
take意为“拿走；带走”， 指从说话者所在地带到别处去。
17、enough 意为“足够的，充分的”
1.用来修饰形容词或副词，一般置于被修饰词之后。
2.用来修饰名词时可放在形容词前面或后面。
Eg： We have enough time to do our homework. The box is big enough.
18、辨析：forget to do sth.意为“忘记要做某事（事情还没做）”
eg: Don’t forget to close the window.
forget doing sth.意为“忘记做过某事（事情已经做过了）”
eg: I forget closing the window.
复合不定代词
考点①
由some和any构成的复合不定代词，如something,
anything等的用法和some和any的用法一样
考点②
1.当some-复合不定代词可以用于疑问句，表示请求，建议，反问等，问话者希望得到肯定答复；
2.any用于肯定句，表任何、一切。
考点③
复合不定代词作主语，谓语动词用单数
考点④
形容词修饰复合不定代词，要置于其后
20、反身代词
myself yourself himself herself itself
我自己 你自己 他自己 她自己 它自己
ourselves yourselves themselves
我们自己 你们自己 他（她、它）们自己
巩固练习
一、单选
1. I arrived in Beijing this morning with my parents and we were going to visit the Great Wall the next day.
A. in B.on C./
2. We hope everything well on their wedding day.
A. go B. goes C. going
3.Knowing that the cigarette (香烟) is bad for health. My father decides .
A. to give up B. giving up C. not give up
4.I just stay at the hospital with my father most of the time during the vacation.
A. talking B. to talk C. talk
5.Did you have enough time .
A. to relax yourselves B. relax yourselfes C. relax yourselves
6.He is that everybody is fond of him.
A. so clever a boy B. such clever a boy C. such clever boy
7. Absorbed in (专注于) reading books, he almost forgot .
A. to eat B. eating C. eat
8. We couldn’t do anything the heavy traffic (交通)on the road.
A.because B. because of C. why
9. My grandparents seem with their life in the city center.
A. happy B. to happy C. be happy
10.The childern had a good time in Disney Park.
A. visit B. visiting C. to visit
11.What can I do my English
A.to improve B.improve C.improving
12. Look at picture; man in the bus is Mr Li.
A.a,the B.the,the C.the,a
13.The teacher is speaking but Li Lei out of the window.
A.looks B. is seeing C.is looking
14. Walking is good health.
A.with B.at C. for
15. He is fat because he eats junk food.
A.much too,too much B.too much,much too C.too much,too much
16. It’s time our class,now.
A.begin B.to begin C.for beginning
二、语法填空
Zhu Hui is a middle school student from Shenzhen. He’s now studying in the Dalton School in New York, the United States. He’s living with his host family, the Greens.
Today, it is ____11____ (sun) and hot in Shenzhen. It is the Dragon Boat Festival. It’s 9: 00 a.m. and Zhu Hui’s family are at home. His mom and aunt ____12____ (make) zongzi. It looks very delicious. His dad and uncle are watching the exciting boat races on CCTV-5.
Let’s take a look at Zhu Hui’s host family in New York. It’s 9: 00 p.m. in New York, and it’s the night before ____13____ festival. But there isn’t a Dragon Boat Festival in the US, ____14____ it’s like any other night for Zhu Hui and his host family. The mother is reading some ____15____ (story) to her young children. They enjoy reading. It usually takes ____16____ (they) half an hour to enjoy bed-time reading together. The father is watching a soccer game between England and Canada on TV. The English team plays very ____17____ (good). And what is Zhu Hui doing He’s talking ____18____ the phone with his cousin in Shenzhen. Zhu Hui ____19____ (miss) his family very much, especially at festivals. He wishes _____20_____ (taste) his mom’s delicious zongzi.