第20讲 简单句、并列句、复合句(讲义)(含答案) 2025年高考英语一轮复习讲练测(新教材新高考)

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名称 第20讲 简单句、并列句、复合句(讲义)(含答案) 2025年高考英语一轮复习讲练测(新教材新高考)
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第 20 讲 简单句、并列句、复合句
目录
01 考情透视·目标导航 2
02 知识导图·思维引航 3
03 考点突破·考法探究 3
基础详单
知识点 句子分类 3
考点一 简单句
知识点 1 简单句基本句型 5
知识点 2 简单句易错点 5
考点二 并列句
知识点 1 逻辑关系辨析 6
知识点 2 并列句固定句型 8
知识点 3 并列句易错点 9
考点三 复合句
04 真题练习·命题洞现
1.真题实战 11
2.命题演练 12
年份 卷别 现在时 考情分析
2024 新高考 II 卷 and
新高考 II 卷 or 分析近年高考真题可知,高考对并列句的
II and 考查主语涉及以下几点:新高考 卷
2023 1. 考查 and 型并列句,连接两个并列的名
九省联考 and
词、代词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不
全国乙卷 and; but
定式、分词甚至从句等。
2022 新高考 I 卷 and
2. 考查 or, so, but 型并列句,前后句构成
全国甲卷 or 改为 and
逻辑上因果关系、选择关系、转折关系。
新高考 I 卷 and 3.考查并列句在短文改错的用法,主要是
新高考 II 卷 and
区分前后句逻辑关系。
2021
全国甲卷 but 【复习目标】
浙江卷 1 月 and 1.系统复习并掌握句子成分、句子的基本
结构。
全国 I 卷 but 改为 and 2.掌握简单句及并列句的基础知识和并
2020 列连词的逻辑意思。
全国 II 卷 for 改为 but / yet;去掉 and
3.强化在复杂语境中理解长难句的能力。
浙江卷 1 月 and
【基础详单】
知识点 句子分类
按照句子的用途分为四种: 陈述句,疑问句,祈使句,感叹句
按照句子的结构可分为:简单句,并列句,复合句
例1. What are the speakers talking about 【2024 年新高考 I 卷听力--疑问句】
例2. I met Gunter on a cold, wet and unforgettable evening in September【. 2024 年新高考 I 卷读后续写--陈述句】
例3. Practice a traditional dance.【2024 年全国甲卷阅读理解--祈使句】
例4. What a cold day it is!=How cold a day it is!多冷的天啊~【感叹句】
例5. Mind your steps!小心脚下!
典例 1.(2024 年河南省重点中学高三模拟)Tears came to my eyes as I realized a fool I had been to
judge Jim’s father as a failure.
【解析】考查感叹句。句意:我的眼里充满了泪水,因为我意识到我之前把吉姆的父亲猜测为失败者是多
么的愚蠢。What a fool! (真是个傻瓜!)本句中第一个 as“因为”引导原因状语从句。realized 后面跟的是
宾语从句“what a fool I had been.”故填 what。
【答案】what
典例 2(. 2024 年全国高三专项检测)Not only the activity was greatly praised but also it raised our environmental
awareness. What a__________ (reward) day!
【解析】考查形容词。句意:活动不仅受到高度赞扬,还提高了我们的环保意识。多么有意义的一天!分
析可知,本句为 what a/an+形容词+名词+主语结构,空处应为形容词,reward 形容词为 rewarding 表示“值得
做的;有益的”,故填 rewarding。
【答案】rewarding
思维建模:遇到词类语法填空题时,应当瞻前顾后理清句子结构,进一步推敲句子成分,再结合句意,便
可轻松解答。
变式训练 1.Unluckily, my pet was killed in an accident. You can imagine how (sorrow) I am now!
【解析】考查形容词。句意:不幸的是,我的宠物在一次事故中丧生了。你可以想象我现在有多伤心!how+adj.+
主语+谓语!为感叹句的基本句型,空处需填形容词 sorrowful,作表语。故填 sorrowful。
【答案】sorrowful
变式训练 2.How (happy) the girls are playing!
【解析】考查副词。句意:女孩们玩得多么开心啊!分析句子可知句子是感叹句,结合句型“how+副词+主
语+谓语”,可知填入副词 happily“快乐地,开心地”修饰谓语动词 are playing,作状语。故填 happily。
【答案】happily
易错提醒:因为本句是感叹句的缘故,副词提前,距离所修饰动词较远,粗心的同学容易错填原形。
考点一 简单句
知识点 1 简单句基本句型
简单句:只有一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)的句子叫做简单句。简单句有五种基本
句型。即,
主语 + 谓语: Tom and Mike are American boys./She likes drawing and often draws pictures for the wall
newspapers.
主语+谓语+宾语:He often reads English in the morning.
主语+谓语+表语:The door remained closed.
主语+谓语+宾语+宾补: He won’t allow himself to fail.
主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语: He bought himself a new car.
名师提醒:句子只有一个主谓结构,但是为了使句子更加丰富,动词可以加上副词修饰,给名词加上形容
词、介词短语修饰,给句子加上状语进行修饰或扩句等。即:基本句型 + 修饰成分(定语、状语等)。
知识点 2 简单句易错点
1. 英语中一个简单句只能出现一个谓语动词,句子结构辨别错误常将非谓语动词作谓语错用。
(错误)The boy stood there is my friend.
(正确)The boy standing there is my friend.
(正确)The boy who stood there is my friend.
2. There be 句型中出现谓语错用。
(错误)There were six students failed the exam.
(正确)There were six students who failed the exam.
3. 作状语的非谓语动词错误用作谓语。
(错误)He entered the room, held an apple in his hand.
(正确)He entered the room, holding an apple in his hand.
(错误)They worked hard, made progress in their studies.
(正确)They worked hard, making progress in their studies.
4. 宾语错用动词形式。
(错误)He wanted help me.
(正确)He wanted to help me.
(错误)He enjoyed played football.
(正确)He enjoyed playing football.
5. 表语错用动词形式。
(错误)My work is help with your homework.
(正确)My work is helping with your homework.
(错误)The purpose is protect yourself from falling objects.
(正确)The purpose is to protect yourself from falling objects.
考点二 并列句
并列句: 用分号或并列连词把两个或几个简单句连接起来的句子。并列句中的各简单句意义同等重要,相互
之间没有从属关系,是平行并列的关系。
句型:简单句+并列连词+简单句
连接词:连接词可以表达并列、转折、对比、因果等关系。
知识点 1 逻辑关系辨析
1. 表示并列或递增关系,常用 and , neither…nor, not only…but also 等连词
例1. Not only is he our teacher, but also he is our friend.
例2. There was a big storm after midnight and the rain poured down.
例3. Being surrounded by nature not only sparked my creativity but also offered a much-needed break from
the usual hustle and bustle of school life.【2024 年新高考 I 卷写作】
被大自然包围不仅激发了我的创造力,也让我从学校生活的喧嚣中得到急需的休息。
2. 表示选择关系,常用 or, either …or 等连词。
例1. We cook a dinner together, or we go for a long walk.
例2. The vagueness of the gesture meanings suggests either that the chimps have little to communicate, or we
are still missing a lot of the information contained in their gestures and actions.【2021 年浙江卷阅读理解】
手势含义的模糊性,要么表明黑猩猩几乎没有什么可以交流的, 要么表明我们仍然对它们的手势和
行动中包含的很多信息一无所知。
3. 表示转折和对比关系 ,常用 yet, but, however, while 等词。
but 表示完全转折,语气较强。 while 主要表示对比。 however 在使用时必须用逗号把它和句子其他
成分隔开。yet 既可以用作并列连词也可以用作连接副词。
例1. Some sports are done indoors, while others are done outdoors.
有些运动是在室内进行的,而另一些则是在户外进行的。
例2. You have a point there, but it could also mean children are missing out on much needed exercise and other
life skills. 【2024 新高考 I 卷阅读理解】
你有道理,但这也可能意味着孩子们错过了急需的锻炼和其他生活技能。
例3. In some places women are expected to earn money while men work at home and raise their children.
在一些地方,女性需要赚钱,而男性则在家工作,抚养孩子。
例4. One can not see wind, however, it does exist.
例5. I’d like to go with you ; however , my hands are full.
例6. The essay is good; it could be improved ,however.
例 7 He worked hard, yet he failed .(并列连词)
例 8. It is strange, and yet it is true. (连接副词)
4. 表示因果关系,常用 so, for,therefore 等连接词。
例1. I didn’t get enough sleep so I didn’t feel very well this morning.
例2. It was raining, therefore we had to stay at home.
例3. He found it increasingly difficult to read , for his eyesight was brginning to fail.
5. 表示条件或者结果,常用 and 或者 or 等连词。
例1. Simply raise your hand , and a taxi appears in no time.
例2. Don’t drive too fast or you will have an accident .
例3. Stand over there and you will see the oil painting better.
例4. You have to move out of the way or the truck can’t get past.
6. 表示递进关系,常用 besides, furthermore,moreover 等连接副词。
例.Television is entertaining; besides/furthermore/moreover, it is instructive.
典例 1.(2023 年新高考 I 卷)To eat one, you have to decide whether to bite a small hole in it first, releasing the
stream and risking a spill (溢出), ________ to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode
on your tongue.
【解析】考查连词。句意:吃小笼包的时候,你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁,还是把整个小笼包
放进嘴里,让热汤在舌头上爆炸。whether...or... “是……还是……”,固定搭配,根据句意,故填 or。
【答案】 or
典例 2.(广东省江门市新会一中 2024 年高三试题 ) Standing on the stage and performing can be tough,
___________ when you do it in a group, it can help improve your sense of self as well as increase your confidence.
【解析】考查连词。句意:站在舞台上表演可能会很艰难,但当你在一群人中间表演时,它可以帮助你提
高自我意识,增加你的自信。分析句子可知,结合句中“   (stand) on the stage and performing can be
tough”及“ it can help improve your sense of self as well as increase”可知,前半句讲述站在舞台表演有困难,后
半句提到了唱歌的好处,所以空处及后文与前文为转折关系,故填 but。
【答案】but
变式训练 1.(浙江省名校新高考研究联盟)“The virtuous man cherishes a respect for the law, the vile
(邪恶的) man cherishes generous treatment. ”
【解析】考查连词。句意:有德的人看重律法,然而恶人看重厚待。分析句子可知,空处需填连词 while,
表示对比,故填 while。
【答案】while
变式训练2(. 湖北省武汉市硚口区2024年高三质检)Geling was once inaccessible as a result of the dense forests,
the opening of the Metog highway in 2013 significantly improved connectivity and created opportunities for
economic growth.
【解析】考查连词。句意:由于森林茂密,歌岭一度人迹罕至,但 2013 年 Metog 高速公路的开通大大改善
了连通性,并为经济增长创造了机会。根据句意可知,设空处前后两句为并列句,表转折关系,故填
but/yet。
【答案】but/yet
知识点 2 并列句固定句型
1. 祈使句,and/or+主谓结构。
2. 名词短语,and+主谓结构。
when 作并列连词,表示“在那时,突然”;常用于以下句型
3. be about to...when...正要……这时突然……中:
4. ...was/were doing ...when ……正在做……突然……
5. ...was/were on the point of doing ...when ... ……刚要做……突然……
6. ...had just done ...when ... ……刚/一……就……
例 1. Climb to the top of the mountain,and you'll get a good view of the city.
例 2. Hurry up,or you'll be late.
例 3. Another five minutes,and I'll finish the composition.
例 4. A few minutes and they went away.
例 5. He was about to go out when it began to rain heavily.
典例 1.Come a little earlier next time, or/otherwise you'll miss the best part of the TV play.
【解析】根据句子结构可知本句含有两个谓语动词,前面的是省略主语的祈使句,是“祈使句+or/otherwise
+陈述句”句型。
【答案】or/otherwise
知识点 3 并列句易错点
1. 用逗号连接两个简单句;
2. 不清楚句意或句式区别造成连词误用。
3. however 另起新句,有逗号与句子隔开。but 不需另起新句。while 既表示对比,又表转折.
4. so 不能与 because 连用。
5. but,while 不与 although 连用,但 yet,still 可与 although 连用
名师提醒:1. 逗号前后不能为两句话,要么其中一个是从句,要么有连词连接。2. 注意避免机械地排列简
单句,机械地没有连接词、过渡词的简单句的排列会影响写作的得分。
例1. He was ill,but he still kept on working.
他病了,但他仍然继续工作。
例2. What she said sounded reasonable,Mr. Green,however,didn't believe her.
她说得有道理,然而,格林先生就是不信她。
例3. There is plenty of rain in the south while there is little rain in the north.
南方多雨而北方少雨。
典例 1.(广东省执信中学 2023-2024 学年高三开学试题)It is the exact same weight, ________the longer
I hold it, the heavier it becomes.”
【解析】考查连词。句意:它的重量完全一样,但我握它的时间越长,它就越重。结合上下文句意可知,
此处使用 but“但是”表转折符合句意,故填 but。
【答案】but
典例 2(. 浙江省名校协作体 2023-2024 学年高三适应性试题)Don’t go to a school specifically for a high school
relationship to make someone else happy.
【解析】考查并列连词。句意:不要专门为了一段高中恋情或者让别人开心而去一所学校上学。这里的“for
a high school relationship”和“to make someone else happy”是选择关系否定句中,表示“或者”应用连词 or。故
填 or。
【答案】or
易错提醒:长难句句子较长,句意理解不当,翻译逻辑意思不连贯是造成并列句填词错误的重要原因。
变式训练 1.We bought her a birthday present, ______________ she liked it very much.
【解析】分析句式可知,两个分句之间缺少连词,结合句意“我们给她买了生日礼物,而且她很喜欢”可知,
前后分句之间是并列关系,故在 she 前加 and。
【答案】and
变式训练 2.Everyone in the town knew him, ___________ we had no trouble finding his house.
【解析】分析句式可知,两个分句之间缺少连词,结合句意“镇上谁都认识他,因此我们毫不费力就找到了
他的家”可知,前后分句之间是因果关系,故在 we 前加 so。
【答案】we 前加 so
考点三 复合句
复合句由一个和一个或一个以上的从句构成。复合句包括名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句。主句是一个
完整的句子,它可以独立存在。从句是一个不完整的句子,它必须和一个主句连用,不能独立存在。
复合句 = 主句 +从属连词+从句;从属连词+从句+主句
1. 名词性从句:主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句
Whether she will come or not is still a question.
她是否会来仍是一个问题。(whether 引导的主语从句)
The chief editor decides which will be the most important story on the front page.
由主编决定哪篇报导最重要,应安排在头版。(which 引导的宾语从句)
That is where he was born. 这就是他出生的地方。(where 引导的表语从句)
We heard the news that our team had won.
我们听到了我们球队己经获胜的消息。(that 引导的同位语从句)
2. 定语从句
The dam, which is the biggest in the world , is 3,830 metres long.
这座水坝是世界上最大的一座,长 3830 米。(which 引导的定语从句)
3. 状语从句:时间、地点、原因、结果、目的、方式、让步、条件、比较状语从句
Over 500 people were working in the building when the fire broke out on the llth floor.
当 11 层楼起火的时候,大楼内有 500 人在工作。(when 引导的时间状语从句)
典例 1.(2024 年新高考 I 卷) If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his coworkers
occasionally laugh at his unusual methods.
【解析】本句为复合句,主句部分 it might be because...;连词 if 引导条件状语从句;because 引导表语从句。
【句意】如果他看起来有点戒备,那可能是因为他的一些同事偶尔也会嘲笑他不寻常的方法。
典例 2.(2024 年全国甲卷) If it’s short stories, Peter Mountford breaks down six techniques you can try to see
which one helps you stick the landing.
【解析】本句为复合句,主句部分 Peter Mountford breaks down six techniques;if 引导条件状语从句;you can
try to see...前面省略关系代词 that, 定语从句修饰名词 techniques; which 引导宾语从句。。
【句意】如果是短篇小说,彼得·蒙特福德分解了六种技巧,你可以试着看看哪一种能帮助你坚持着陆。
一、 真题实战
1.(2024 新课标 II 卷)Recalling watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare’s play Richard III in Shanghai
and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion,
Edmondson said, “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language ________ see how Tang’s play was being
performed.”
【答案】and
【解析】考查连词。句意:回忆起几年前在上海观看莎士比亚戏剧《理查三世》的中国版,并遇见前来斯
特拉特福德表演《牡丹亭》部分片段的中国演员时,Edmondson 说:“听到中文,看到汤显祖的戏剧是如何
被表演的,非常激动人心。”空前“hear the Chinese language”和空后“see how Tang’s play was being performed”
为并列结构,用 and 连接。故填 and。
2.(2022 新课标 I 卷)After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP is
designed to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems,
preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, __________ leaving behind precious natural
assets(资产)for future generations”.
【答案】and
【解析】考查连词。句意:GPNP 旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性,保护生物多样性,保护
生态缓冲区,为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。设空处前后为并列关系,应用 and。故填 and。
3.(2022 全国乙卷)The “First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative” issued (发布 ) at the
ceremony calls for people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international cooperation
____________ cultural exchanges.
【答案】and
【解析】考查连词。句意:仪式上发布的“首个国际茶日万里茶道合作倡议”呼吁茶业人士团结起来,促进国
际合作和文化交流。名词 international cooperation 和 cultural exchanges 为并列成分,作动词 promote 的宾语。
故填 and。
4.(2021 全国 II 卷)I found the contact information of the company________ emailed its president.
【答案】and
【解析】考查连词。句意:我找到了这家公司的联系方式,并给公司总裁发了电子邮件。“found”和
“emailed”之间是并列关系,用 and 连接两个并列的谓语动词,所以填 and。
5.(2020 年浙江卷 1 月)It's also that they are on average healthier_________more productive for longer.
【答案】and
【解析】考查连词。句意:而且,平均而言,他们更健康,更长寿。结合上下文语境可知此处连接上下文
两个并列短语应用连词 and,故填 and。
6.(2020 年全国 I 卷改错)First I cut the tomatoes into pieces but put them aside.
【答案】but 改为 and。
【解析】句意:首先我把西红柿切成块,并把它们放在一边。I cut the tomatoes into pieces 与 put them aside
之间是并列关系,应使用 and 连接,故将 but 改为 and。
7(. 2020 年全国 II 卷改错)Actually, I started to learn kung fu when I was seven years old, for I have long been out
of practice.
【答案】for 改为 but / yet。
【解析】此处前句提到“我 7 岁开始学功夫”,后句提到“很久没有练习了”。此处前后应是转折关系。故将 for
改为 but / yet。
8.(2020 年全国 II 卷改错)In order to make sure all of us are in good health, and she makes specific plans for us.
【答案】去掉 and。
【解析】这是一个简单句,前面 in order to…作目的状语,不用连词 and,所以去掉 and。
二、 命题演练
1.(湖北省腾云联盟 2023-2024 年高三联考试题)The volunteers not only take care of the aged and look after
children but also resolve conflicts, Wang noted, adding that if disagreements, quarrels, any other fights
occur, “Taiping Women” will be there to help.
【答案】or
【解析】考查连词。句意:志愿者不仅照顾老人和孩子,还解决冲突,王补充说,如果发生分歧,争吵或
任何其他打架,“太平妇女”将在那里提供帮助。此处表示选择关系,意为“或者”应用 or。故填 or。
2.(江苏省 2023-2024 学年高三学情调研试题)We should trust life and trust our own abilities to understand
what is right and wrong, what decision to make how to solve problems.
【答案】and
【解析】考查并列连词。句意:我们应该相信生活,相信我们自己的能力,知道什么是对的,什么是错的,
做什么决定,如何解决问题。分析句子结构并结合句意可知,空处应用并列连词,连接     is right and
wrong 和 what decision to make 与 how to solve problems 三个并列宾语。故填 and。
3(. 湖南省岳阳第一中学 2023-2024 学年高三开学试题)China is the world’s second-largest art market, it
is not clear where Dafen fits in. Li Jinghu, an artist from nearby Dongguan, often visits the village hoping to
discover new talent.
【答案】but
【解析】考查并列连词。句意:中国是世界第二大艺术品市场,但目前尚不清楚大芬在其中的定位。分析
句子可知,“中国是世界上第二大艺术品市场”与“大芬的定位仍不清楚”之间是转折关系,因此需使用表示转
折关系的连词。故填 but。
4.(湖南省百所学校 2023-2024 学年高三联考试题)Before planes and trains brought our world close together, it
was the first link that ever connected the East and the West the life blood of international trade in ancient
time.
【答案】and
【解析】考查连词。句意:在飞机和火车将我们的世界紧密联系在一起之前,它是连接东西方和古代国际
贸易的命脉的一条纽带。此处前后文为并列关系,应用连词 and。故填 and。
5.(浙江省名校新高考研究联盟)“The virtuous man cherishes a respect for the law, ________the vile
(邪恶的) man cherishes generous treatment. ”
【答案】while
【解析】考查连词。句意:有德的人看重律法,然而恶人看重厚待。分析句子可知,空处需填连词 while,
表示对比,故填 while。
6(. 河北省 2023-2024 学年高三全过程纵向评价试题)In 2005,Cristóbal Minguez, a Spanish, took a trip to China
with his friend. Although it was a brief one, barely two weeks, it would become a turning point not only in his
career, in his life.
【答案】but
【解析】考查固定搭配。句意:2005 年,西班牙人 Cristóbal Minguez 和他的朋友去中国旅行。虽然时间很
短,只有两个星期,但这不仅是他职业生涯的转折点,也是他生活的转折点。固定搭配:not only…but
(also)…,意为“不仅……也……”。故填 but。
7.(河北省石家庄市 2023-2024 学年石家庄市一中高三试题)If one has lost weight during the summer, then at
the beginning of autumn, he she needs to eat many different kinds of delicious food, especially meat.
【答案】or
【解析】考查连词。句意:如果一个人在夏天瘦了,那么在秋天开始的时候,他或她需要吃许多不同种类
的美味食物,尤其是肉。设空处连接代词 he 和 she,表示“或者”,用连词 or。故填 or。
8(. 辽宁省重点高中 2023-2024 学年高三 10 月试题) Volunteer travel can help address social and environmental
issues, contribute to local development projects help with disaster relief efforts.
【答案】and
【解析】考查连词。句意:义工旅行可以帮助解决社会和环境问题,为当地的发展项目做出贡献,并帮助
救灾工作。空前“contribute to local development projects”和空后“help with disaster relief efforts.”之间存在并列
关系。故填 and。
9.(江苏省南京市第九中学 2023-2024 学年高三质量调研)They kept their collection at home until it got too big
_______until they died, and then it was given to a museum.
【答案】or
【解析】考查连词。句意:他们把藏品要么放在家里直到大到放不下,要么就这么一直放着直到主人死了,
最后一切都捐给了博物馆。根据语境可知,前后陈述的是两者可能性,应使用连词 or,或者。故填 or。
10.(江苏省南京外国语学校 2023-2024 学年高三试题)“The tea culture not only reflects a refined taste in life, it
also shows the beauty of craftsmanship people’s creativity,” says Zheng Yi, deputy head of Anhui Tea
Culture Research Society.
【答案】and
【解析】考查连词。句意:安徽省茶文化研究会副会长郑毅表示:“茶文化不仅反映了一种精致的生活品味,
还展示了工艺之美和人们的创造力。”根据句意可知,此处为连词 and 连接的 craftsmanship 和 creativity 两个
名词,构成并列结构。故填 and。第 20 讲 简单句、并列句、复合句
目录
01 考情透视·目标导航 2
02 知识导图·思维引航 3
03 考点突破·考法探究 3
基础详单
知识点 句子分类 3
考点一 简单句
知识点 1 简单句基本句型 5
知识点 2 简单句易错点 5
考点二 并列句
知识点 1 逻辑关系辨析 6
知识点 2 并列句固定句型 8
知识点 3 并列句易错点 9
考点三 复合句
04 真题练习·命题洞现
1.真题实战 11
2.命题演练 12
年份 卷别 现在时 考情分析
2024 新高考 II 卷 and
新高考 II 卷 or 分析近年高考真题可知,高考对并列句的
II and 考查主语涉及以下几点:新高考 卷
2023 1. 考查 and 型并列句,连接两个并列的名
九省联考 and
词、代词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不
全国乙卷 and; but
定式、分词甚至从句等。
2022 新高考 I 卷 and
2. 考查 or, so, but 型并列句,前后句构成
全国甲卷 or 改为 and
逻辑上因果关系、选择关系、转折关系。
新高考 I 卷 and 3.考查并列句在短文改错的用法,主要是
新高考 II 卷 and
区分前后句逻辑关系。
2021
全国甲卷 but 【复习目标】
浙江卷 1 月 and 1.系统复习并掌握句子成分、句子的基本
结构。
全国 I 卷 but 改为 and 2.掌握简单句及并列句的基础知识和并
2020 列连词的逻辑意思。
全国 II 卷 for 改为 but / yet;去掉 and
3.强化在复杂语境中理解长难句的能力。
浙江卷 1 月 and
【基础详单】
知识点 句子分类
按照句子的用途分为四种: 陈述句,疑问句,祈使句,感叹句
按照句子的结构可分为:简单句,并列句,复合句
例1. What are the speakers talking about 【2024 年新高考 I 卷听力--疑问句】
例2. I met Gunter on a cold, wet and unforgettable evening in September【. 2024 年新高考 I 卷读后续写--陈述句】
例3. Practice a traditional dance.【2024 年全国甲卷阅读理解--祈使句】
例4. What a cold day it is!=How cold a day it is!多冷的天啊~【感叹句】
例5. Mind your steps!小心脚下!
典例 1.(2024 年河南省重点中学高三模拟)Tears came to my eyes as I realized a fool I had been to
judge Jim’s father as a failure.
典例 2(. 2024 年全国高三专项检测)Not only the activity was greatly praised but also it raised our environmental
awareness. What a__________ (reward) day!
变式训练 1.Unluckily, my pet was killed in an accident. You can imagine how (sorrow) I am now!
变式训练 2.How (happy) the girls are playing!
易错提醒:因为本句是感叹句的缘故,副词提前,距离所修饰动词较远,粗心的同学容易错填原形。
考点一 简单句
知识点 1 简单句基本句型
简单句:只有一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)的句子叫做简单句。简单句有五种基本
句型。即,
主语 + 谓语: Tom and Mike are American boys./She likes drawing and often draws pictures for the wall
newspapers.
主语+谓语+宾语:He often reads English in the morning.
主语+谓语+表语:The door remained closed.
主语+谓语+宾语+宾补: He won’t allow himself to fail.
主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语: He bought himself a new car.
名师提醒:句子只有一个主谓结构,但是为了使句子更加丰富,动词可以加上副词修饰,给名词加上形容
词、介词短语修饰,给句子加上状语进行修饰或扩句等。即:基本句型 + 修饰成分(定语、状语等)。
知识点 2 简单句易错点
1. 英语中一个简单句只能出现一个谓语动词,句子结构辨别错误常将非谓语动词作谓语错用。
(错误)The boy stood there is my friend.
(正确)The boy standing there is my friend.
(正确)The boy who stood there is my friend.
2. There be 句型中出现谓语错用。
(错误)There were six students failed the exam.
(正确)There were six students who failed the exam.
3. 作状语的非谓语动词错误用作谓语。
(错误)He entered the room, held an apple in his hand.
(正确)He entered the room, holding an apple in his hand.
(错误)They worked hard, made progress in their studies.
(正确)They worked hard, making progress in their studies.
4. 宾语错用动词形式。
(错误)He wanted help me.
(正确)He wanted to help me.
(错误)He enjoyed played football.
(正确)He enjoyed playing football.
5. 表语错用动词形式。
(错误)My work is help with your homework.
(正确)My work is helping with your homework.
(错误)The purpose is protect yourself from falling objects.
(正确)The purpose is to protect yourself from falling objects.
考点二 并列句
并列句: 用分号或并列连词把两个或几个简单句连接起来的句子。并列句中的各简单句意义同等重要,相互
之间没有从属关系,是平行并列的关系。
句型:简单句+并列连词+简单句
连接词:连接词可以表达并列、转折、对比、因果等关系。
知识点 1 逻辑关系辨析
1. 表示并列或递增关系,常用 and , neither…nor, not only…but also 等连词
例1. Not only is he our teacher, but also he is our friend.
例2. There was a big storm after midnight and the rain poured down.
例3. Being surrounded by nature not only sparked my creativity but also offered a much-needed break from
the usual hustle and bustle of school life.【2024 年新高考 I 卷写作】
被大自然包围不仅激发了我的创造力,也让我从学校生活的喧嚣中得到急需的休息。
2. 表示选择关系,常用 or, either …or 等连词。
例1. We cook a dinner together, or we go for a long walk.
例2. The vagueness of the gesture meanings suggests either that the chimps have little to communicate, or we
are still missing a lot of the information contained in their gestures and actions.【2021 年浙江卷阅读理解】
手势含义的模糊性,要么表明黑猩猩几乎没有什么可以交流的, 要么表明我们仍然对它们的手势和
行动中包含的很多信息一无所知。
3. 表示转折和对比关系 ,常用 yet, but, however, while 等词。
but 表示完全转折,语气较强。 while 主要表示对比。 however 在使用时必须用逗号把它和句子其他
成分隔开。yet 既可以用作并列连词也可以用作连接副词。
例1. Some sports are done indoors, while others are done outdoors.
有些运动是在室内进行的,而另一些则是在户外进行的。
例2. You have a point there, but it could also mean children are missing out on much needed exercise and other
life skills. 【2024 新高考 I 卷阅读理解】
你有道理,但这也可能意味着孩子们错过了急需的锻炼和其他生活技能。
例3. In some places women are expected to earn money while men work at home and raise their children.
在一些地方,女性需要赚钱,而男性则在家工作,抚养孩子。
例4. One can not see wind, however, it does exist.
例5. I’d like to go with you ; however , my hands are full.
例6. The essay is good; it could be improved ,however.
例 7 He worked hard, yet he failed .(并列连词)
例 8. It is strange, and yet it is true. (连接副词)
4. 表示因果关系,常用 so, for,therefore 等连接词。
例1. I didn’t get enough sleep so I didn’t feel very well this morning.
例2. It was raining, therefore we had to stay at home.
例3. He found it increasingly difficult to read , for his eyesight was brginning to fail.
5. 表示条件或者结果,常用 and 或者 or 等连词。
例1. Simply raise your hand , and a taxi appears in no time.
例2. Don’t drive too fast or you will have an accident .
例3. Stand over there and you will see the oil painting better.
例4. You have to move out of the way or the truck can’t get past.
6. 表示递进关系,常用 besides, furthermore,moreover 等连接副词。
例.Television is entertaining; besides/furthermore/moreover, it is instructive.
典例 1.(2023 年新高考 I 卷)To eat one, you have to decide whether to bite a small hole in it first, releasing the
stream and risking a spill (溢出), ________ to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode
on your tongue.
典例 2.(广东省江门市新会一中 2024 年高三试题 ) Standing on the stage and performing can be tough,
___________ when you do it in a group, it can help improve your sense of self as well as increase your confidence.
变式训练 1.(浙江省名校新高考研究联盟)“The virtuous man cherishes a respect for the law, the vile
(邪恶的) man cherishes generous treatment. ”
变式训练2(. 湖北省武汉市硚口区2024年高三质检)Geling was once inaccessible as a result of the dense forests,
the opening of the Metog highway in 2013 significantly improved connectivity and created opportunities for
economic growth.
知识点 2 并列句固定句型
1. 祈使句,and/or+主谓结构。
2. 名词短语,and+主谓结构。
when 作并列连词,表示“在那时,突然”;常用于以下句型
3. be about to...when...正要……这时突然……中:
4. ...was/were doing ...when ……正在做……突然……
5. ...was/were on the point of doing ...when ... ……刚要做……突然……
6. ...had just done ...when ... ……刚/一……就……
例 1. Climb to the top of the mountain,and you'll get a good view of the city.
例 2. Hurry up,or you'll be late.
例 3. Another five minutes,and I'll finish the composition.
例 4. A few minutes and they went away.
例 5. He was about to go out when it began to rain heavily.
典例 1.Come a little earlier next time, or/otherwise you'll miss the best part of the TV play.
知识点 3 并列句易错点
1. 用逗号连接两个简单句;
2. 不清楚句意或句式区别造成连词误用。
3. however 另起新句,有逗号与句子隔开。but 不需另起新句。while 既表示对比,又表转折.
4. so 不能与 because 连用。
5. but,while 不与 although 连用,但 yet,still 可与 although 连用
名师提醒:1. 逗号前后不能为两句话,要么其中一个是从句,要么有连词连接。2. 注意避免机械地排列简
单句,机械地没有连接词、过渡词的简单句的排列会影响写作的得分。
例1. He was ill,but he still kept on working.
他病了,但他仍然继续工作。
例2. What she said sounded reasonable,Mr. Green,however,didn't believe her.
她说得有道理,然而,格林先生就是不信她。
例3. There is plenty of rain in the south while there is little rain in the north.
南方多雨而北方少雨。
典例 1.(广东省执信中学 2023-2024 学年高三开学试题)It is the exact same weight, ________the longer
I hold it, the heavier it becomes.”
典例 2(. 浙江省名校协作体 2023-2024 学年高三适应性试题)Don’t go to a school specifically for a high school
relationship to make someone else happy.
易错提醒:长难句句子较长,句意理解不当,翻译逻辑意思不连贯是造成并列句填词错误的重要原因。
变式训练 1.We bought her a birthday present, ______________ she liked it very much.
变式训练 2.Everyone in the town knew him, ___________ we had no trouble finding his house.
考点三 复合句
复合句由一个和一个或一个以上的从句构成。复合句包括名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句。主句是一个
完整的句子,它可以独立存在。从句是一个不完整的句子,它必须和一个主句连用,不能独立存在。
复合句 = 主句 +从属连词+从句;从属连词+从句+主句
1. 名词性从句:主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句
Whether she will come or not is still a question.
她是否会来仍是一个问题。(whether 引导的主语从句)
The chief editor decides which will be the most important story on the front page.
由主编决定哪篇报导最重要,应安排在头版。(which 引导的宾语从句)
That is where he was born. 这就是他出生的地方。(where 引导的表语从句)
We heard the news that our team had won.
我们听到了我们球队己经获胜的消息。(that 引导的同位语从句)
2. 定语从句
The dam, which is the biggest in the world , is 3,830 metres long.
这座水坝是世界上最大的一座,长 3830 米。(which 引导的定语从句)
3. 状语从句:时间、地点、原因、结果、目的、方式、让步、条件、比较状语从句
Over 500 people were working in the building when the fire broke out on the llth floor.
当 11 层楼起火的时候,大楼内有 500 人在工作。(when 引导的时间状语从句)
典例 1.(2024 年新高考 I 卷) If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his coworkers
occasionally laugh at his unusual methods.
典例 2.(2024 年全国甲卷) If it’s short stories, Peter Mountford breaks down six techniques you can try to see
which one helps you stick the landing.
一、 真题实战
1.(2024 新课标 II 卷)Recalling watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare’s play Richard III in Shanghai
and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion,
Edmondson said, “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language ________ see how Tang’s play was being
performed.”
2.(2022 新课标 I 卷)After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP is
designed to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems,
preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, __________ leaving behind precious natural
assets(资产)for future generations”.
3.(2022 全国乙卷)The “First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative” issued (发布 ) at the
ceremony calls for people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international cooperation
____________ cultural exchanges.
4.(2021 全国 II 卷)I found the contact information of the company________ emailed its president.
5.(2020 年浙江卷 1 月)It's also that they are on average healthier_________more productive for longer.
6.(2020 年全国 I 卷改错)First I cut the tomatoes into pieces but put them aside.
7(. 2020 年全国 II 卷改错)Actually, I started to learn kung fu when I was seven years old, for I have long been out
of practice.
8.(2020 年全国 II 卷改错)In order to make sure all of us are in good health, and she makes specific plans for us.
二、 命题演练
1.(湖北省腾云联盟 2023-2024 年高三联考试题)The volunteers not only take care of the aged and look after
children but also resolve conflicts, Wang noted, adding that if disagreements, quarrels, any other fights
occur, “Taiping Women” will be there to help.
2.(江苏省 2023-2024 学年高三学情调研试题)We should trust life and trust our own abilities to understand
what is right and wrong, what decision to make how to solve problems.
3(. 湖南省岳阳第一中学 2023-2024 学年高三开学试题)China is the world’s second-largest art market, it
is not clear where Dafen fits in. Li Jinghu, an artist from nearby Dongguan, often visits the village hoping to
discover new talent.
4.(湖南省百所学校 2023-2024 学年高三联考试题)Before planes and trains brought our world close together, it
was the first link that ever connected the East and the West the life blood of international trade in ancient
time.
5.(浙江省名校新高考研究联盟)“The virtuous man cherishes a respect for the law, ________the vile
(邪恶的) man cherishes generous treatment. ”
6(. 河北省 2023-2024 学年高三全过程纵向评价试题)In 2005,Cristóbal Minguez, a Spanish, took a trip to China
with his friend. Although it was a brief one, barely two weeks, it would become a turning point not only in his
career, in his life.
7.(河北省石家庄市 2023-2024 学年石家庄市一中高三试题)If one has lost weight during the summer, then at
the beginning of autumn, he she needs to eat many different kinds of delicious food, especially meat.
8(. 辽宁省重点高中 2023-2024 学年高三 10 月试题) Volunteer travel can help address social and environmental
issues, contribute to local development projects help with disaster relief efforts.
9.(江苏省南京市第九中学 2023-2024 学年高三质量调研)They kept their collection at home until it got too big
_______until they died, and then it was given to a museum.
10.(江苏省南京外国语学校 2023-2024 学年高三试题)“The tea culture not only reflects a refined taste in life, it
also shows the beauty of craftsmanship people’s creativity,” says Zheng Yi, deputy head of Anhui Tea
Culture Research Society.
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