第21讲 名词性从句(讲义)(含答案) 2025年高考英语一轮复习讲练测(新教材新高考)

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名称 第21讲 名词性从句(讲义)(含答案) 2025年高考英语一轮复习讲练测(新教材新高考)
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第 21 讲 名词性从句
目录
01 考情透视·目标导航 2
02 知识导图·思维引航 2
03 考点突破·考法探究 3
基础详单
知识点 1 名词性从句定义与分类 3
知识点 2 名词性从句解题策略 4
考点一 主语从句
知识点 1 . it 充当形式主语的情况 4
知识点 2 that、whether、if 引导主语从句 5
知识点 3 连接代词或连接副词引导的主语从句 5
考点二 宾语从句
知识点 1 it 充当形式宾语的情况 7
知识点 2 宾语从句中考查时态的情况 7
知识点 3 含有 what/how 引导的宾语从句 8
知识点 4 that 引导宾语从句不能省略的情况 8
考点三 表语从句
知识点 1 表语从句基础知识 9
知识点 2 表语从句重要句式 10
考点四 同位语从句 10
考点五 名词性从句七大易错点辨析 11
04 真题练习·命题洞现
1.真题实战 14
2.命题演练 14
年份 卷别 考点 考情分析
新高考 I 卷 what
2024 全国甲卷 what 分析近年高考真题可知,名词性
浙江卷 1 月 what
从句的考查在语法填空和写作中
新高考 II 卷 why
2023 浙江卷 whether 都是常考点。that 和 what 是重难
天津卷 what 点。在写作中,熟练运用名词性
新高考 II 卷 how
2022 从句可以给写作增加亮点。
天津卷 how
浙江卷 1 月 if/whether 复习目标:
新高考 I 卷 what 1.掌握名词性从句 that 和 what 的
2021 北京卷 where
用法区别。
天津卷 what;why
浙江卷 what 2.掌握名词性从句 if 和 whether 的
江苏卷 whether 用法区别。
2020
北京卷 if/whether 3.掌握名词性从句 who, whoever,
天津卷 what
I that why, where, how 的用法区别。全国 卷
2019 江苏卷 that
【基础详单】
知识点 1 名词性从句定义与分类
定义:在复合句中,起名词作用的从句叫名词性从句。
分类:名词性从句相当于名词短语,在复合句中充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语等。
连接词:that/whether, as if/as though;
连接代词:what/ which who/whose whatever whoever whomever whichever;
连接副词:Where/when why/how wherever whenever
知识点 2 名词性从句解题策略
1.确定从句类型:设空处无提示词,先根据主句的主谓结构确定空处和空后的内容在主句中充当主语、
宾语、表语或同位语。
2.确定连接词:
(1)从句中缺少主语、宾语、表语,用连接代词 what、who、whom、which、whatever 等。
(2)从句中不缺成分且句子意义完整,用 that。
(2)从句中不缺成分,句意缺少“是否”,用 if/whether。
(3)从句中缺少状语,根据句意,选择用连接副词 where (表地点)、when (表时间)、how (表方式)、
why (表原因)等。
名师提醒:有些引导词在句中有很鲜明的意义,如 whether/if (是否)、whoever (无论谁)、whatever (无论什
么)、because (因为)、why (为什么)等。结合句意和语境,不难解决这类试题。
考点一 主语从句
主语从句:在复合句中做主语,相当于名词,一般置谓语之前;也可用 it 作形式主语,主语从句放主句之
后。
知识点 1 it 充当形式主语的情况
1. It+be+形容词(necessary/likely/important/certain 等)+that 从句
2. It+be+名词(短语)(a pity/a shame/no wonder 等)+that 从句
3. It+be+过去分词(said/told/reported 等)+that 从句
4. It+不及物动词(seem,appear,happen,matter 等)+that 从句
易错提醒:当形容词为 important, necessary, strange 等或过去分词为 suggested, requested, desired 等时,从句
中的谓语动词用虚拟语气“(should)+动词原形”。
It is common knowledge that the whale is not a fish.
鲸鱼不是鱼,这是常识。
It doesn't matter whether you pay by cash or credit card in this store.
在这个商店里你用现金支付还是信用卡支付都没有关系。
It is necessary that we (should) have breakfast.
我们吃早餐是有必要的。
It is uncertain what side effect the medicine will bring about,although about two thousand patients have taken it.
尽管大约两千名患者已经服用了这种药,但是它会带来什么样的副作用还不清楚。
知识点 2 that、whether、if 引导主语从句的情况
连接词 that,whether,if 只起连接作用,不在从句中作成分
Whether he will come or not doesn’t matter much.(从属连词引导)
他是否回来都不重要。
That the earth moves around the sun is known to all.(从属连词引导)
地球绕着太阳转是大家都知道的。
典例(. 2024 年湖北省高三名校联考)Moreover, the silk texture and colour have both grown inconsistent
makes creating the necessary raw materials and matching the colour difficult. The advanced technology is helping
them with the restoration.
思维建模:that 是从属连词,在名词性从句中不充当任何成分,也没有任何意义。而 what 是连接代词,在
名词性从句中充当成分,通常充当主语、宾语或表语。
变式训练 1.(2020·江苏卷改编)It is not a problem __________ we can win the battle; it’s just a matter of time.
变式训练 2. It remains to be seen we can put aside differences and focus on common interests.
知识点 3 连接代词或连接副词引导主语从句的情况
连接代词 what,who,whom,which,whichever,whatever,whoever 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语
连接副词 when,where,how,why 在从句中作状语
例1. Whoever comes here will be welcome.(连接代词引导)
无论是谁来到这儿都很受欢迎。
例2. Whatever you can do helps.(连接代词引导)
你的支持对我们的工作很重要。你能做的任何事情都会对我们有所帮助。
例3. How we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.(连接副词引导)
我们如何理解事情与我们所感受到的有很大关系。
例4. Why they suddenly disappeared still remains a mystery.(连接副词引导)
它们为什么突然消失了还是个迷?
例5. When the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather.
延迟的飞机何时起飞在很大程度上取决于天气。
例6. What struck me most in the movie was the father's deep love for his son.
影片中最打动我的是父亲对儿子深深的爱。
易错提醒:what 与 that 引导主语从句
1. that 在名词性从句中具有“两无”“一不”特征——无意义、无成分,(除宾语从句外)不可省略。
that 在名词性从句中没有意义,而且不充当句子成分。that 引导宾语从句作及物动词的宾语时可省略;
在引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句时,that 不可省略。
2. what 在名词性从句中具有“两有”“一不”特征——有意义、有成分,不可省略。
what 在引导名词性从句时,有一定的意义,一般可译为“……的东西/事情/话等”;what 在从句中充当主
语、宾语、表语和定语,不可省略。
例1. I think (that) you should turn to the teacher for help.我认为你应该向老师寻求帮助。
例2. My decision is that all of us are to start at 6 o'clock tomorrow morning.
我的决定是我们所有人明天早上 6 点出发。
例3. What was most important to her, she told me, was her family.
她告诉我,对她来说,最重要的是她的家人。
典例 1.(2024 河南省郑州高三模拟)________ breaks the school rules will be punished to do extra cleaning for
a week.
典例 2.(2024 年福建高三模拟) we will have a picnic depends on the weather.
变式训练 1. one of you breaks the exquisite window will have to pay for it.
变式训练 2.China now has nearly 30,000 kilometers of high speed track. Using high speed rail, used
to be a 34-hour journey can now be accomplished in just seven to nine hours.
考点二 宾语从句
宾语从句:在复合句中做宾语,相当于名词,一般置谓语之后。
引导词 作用
连接词 that, whether, if 只起连接作用,不在从句中作成分
what, who, whom,which,
连接代词 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语
whichever,whatever, whoever
连接副词 when, where, how, why 在从句中作状语
例1. I'm writing to tell you that my uncle Li Ming is going to your city for a conference.
我写信是想告诉你,我叔叔李明要去你的城市开会。
例2. We promise whoever attends the party will have a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.
我们保证,任何参加这个聚会的人都有机会与那个电影明星合影。
例3. I don't know whether to set off for Beijing or not.我不知道是否出发去北京。
知识点 1 it 充当形式宾语的情况
宾语一般放在及物动词或介词之后,但是,在下列情况下,须用 it 作形式宾语,而将真正的宾语(常为不定
式/从句)后置。
1. 动词 find/feel/think/consider/make+it+宾补(形容词或名词)+不定式/从句
2. 动词 hate/ like/ dislike/ appreciate/enjoy+it+从句
3. 短语动词 see to/ depend on/rely on+it+从句
4. 固定搭配 take it for granted that/owe it to sb.that+从句
例1. I find it necessary that we should spend more time practising spoken English.
我发现花更多时间练习英语口语是必要的。
例2. I would appreciate it if you could take me into consideration.
如果你能考虑我的话我将感激不尽。
例3. No matter where he is,he makes it a rule to go for a walk before breakfast.
无论他在哪里,他都定了一个规矩——早餐前散步。
例4. I shall see to it that he is taken good care of when you are absent.
你不在的时候,我负责把他照顾好。
例5. Most of us young men take it for granted that parents do everything for us.
我们大部分年轻人认为父母为我们做的一切是理所当然的。
知识点 2 宾语从句的时态
一般情况下,宾语从句须与主句的时态保持一致,即主句是一般现在时,从句可根据具体情况选用合
适的时态;主句为过去的某种时态,从句须用相应的过去的某种时态。当从句的内容为真理或客观事实时,
须用一般现在时。
1. 主句的谓语动词如果是一般现在时或一般将来时,从句的谓语动词可用任何所需要的时态。
例1. He says that he likes listens to music.他说他喜欢听音乐。
例2. I know that she didn't tell you that she would go to America next month.
我知道她没有告诉你她下个月要去美国。
例3. He will tell us what happened to him during our absence.他会告诉我们,我们不在期间他出了什么事。
2. 主句的谓语动词是一般过去时时,从句的谓语动词通常用相应的过去时。
例1. The boy said that there were no classes on Sunday afternoon.
那个男孩说周日下午没有课。
例2. My Chinese teacher asked me if I was reading the book Red and Black when he came in.
我的语文老师问我他进来时我是否在读《红与黑》这本书。
3. 如果从句表示客观事实或真理,不管主句的谓语动词是何种时态,从句都要用一般现在时。
例.As a child, I was told that the moon has no light of its own. I didn't believe it.
孩提时,人们告诉我月亮自身不会发光,我不相信。
知识点 3 含有感叹句 what/how 引导的宾语从句
句式 用法 示例
主句+what+(a/an) + what 是感叹形容词,中 You can't imagine what a mistake I made.
adj. +n+主语+谓语 心词必须是名词。 你无法想象我犯了多大一个错误。
主 句 +how+ how 是感叹副词,直接 You have no idea how excited I was when I received the
adj/adv+主语+谓语 修饰形容词或副词。 gift.你不清楚我收到礼物时多么激动。
例1. Do not let any failures discourage you, for you can never tell how close you may be to victory.
例2. Sorry I’m so late, but you cannot imagine what great trouble I took to find your house.
例3. .What some teenagers don't realize is how difficult life can be after they get addicted to drugs.
知识点 4 that 引导宾语从句不能省略的情况
1. that 引导宾语从句时,常被省去,但下列情况下不能省略:
a.动词后跟有多个 that 引导的宾语从句时,只有第一个 that 可省略,其余的不可省略;
He said (that) the book was very interesting and that all the children like to read it.
b.宾语从句前有插入语时;
We hope, on the contrary, that he will stay at home with us.
恰恰相反,我们希望他和我们待在家里。
c.当 it 作形式宾语,后接 that 引导的宾语从句时。
I don’t think it polite that they left without saying thanks to us.
我认为他们不说声谢谢就离开是不礼貌的。
d.宾语从句为主从复合句,从句位于宾语从句的前部时。
I promised that if anyone came to set me free, I would make him king over the earth.
我许下诺言,如果有人来释放我,我就让他成为世界之王。
e.当 that 引导的从句位于介词 except, but, besides, in 等之后,作介词的宾语时,that 通常不能省略。
They share little in common except that they are from the same country.
除了来自同一个国家之外,他们几乎没有共同点。
典例 1.(2024 届福建省三明市等 5 地高三一模试题)These words of her give us a look into the heart of this
amazing woman, and carried her through a life of hard choices.
典例 2.(江苏省苏州中学校 2023-2024 学年高三试题)Many love to find out the pictures were
originally taken.
变式训练.(江苏省百校联考 2023-2024 学年高三试题)“It proves to me the cause I’ve engaged in
is world-class and for all humanity,” Chen said.
考点三 表语从句
知识点 1 表语从句基础知识
表语从句:在复合句中做主语,相当于名词,一般置谓语之前;也可用 it 作形式主语,主语从句放主句之
后。Wh-类连接词引导的从句作表语时,一般不含疑问意义,而是表示具体的时间、地点、原因、方式等。
引导词 作用
连接词 that, whether 只起连接作用,不在从句中作成分
what, who, whom, which,
连接代词 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语
whichever, whatever,whoever
连接副词 when, where, how, why 在从句中作状语
例1. The most important result for the user is that the product does what is intended.
对用户来说最重要的是产品达到了预期的效果。
例2. This is where we usually think it's easier to just give up.
这就是我们通常认为更容易放弃的地方。
例3. This is why they need an English trainer. (2023 年新高考 II 卷)
这就是为什么他们需要一个英语教练的原因。
名师提醒:as if/as though 引导表语从句
as if/as though 意为“好像,仿佛”,引导的表语从句常跟在系动词(如 seem, appear, look, taste, sound, feel,
smell 等)之后。若表语从句所述的是非真实的情况,从句用虚拟语气;若所述的是事实或是极可能发生的情
况,从句用陈述语气。
例 1.The thick smog covered the whole city. It was as if a great black blanket had been thrown over it.
厚重的烟雾覆盖着整个城市,好像把一个厚厚的黑色的毯子扔到上面。
例 2. He looked as if he was going to smile.他看上去好像要微笑。
知识点 2 表语从句重要句式
(1)This/That/It is why+表语从句(表示结果)“这/那就是……的原因”
(2)This/That/It is because+表语从句(表示原因)“这/那是因为……”
(3)The reason why... is that+表语从句“……的原因是……”
名师提醒:如果主句的主语时 reason, 表语从句的连接词用 that, 不能用 why 或 because。
例1. From space, the earth looks blue.This is because about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by
water.从太空中看,地球是蓝色的。这是因为地球表面约百分之七十一都被水覆盖着。
例2. The reason why he didn’t come is that he was ill.他不能来的原因是因为他生病了。
典例 1.(2024 年浙江省强基联盟适应性考试试题)In my case this is happened—my parents turned
in to me and my needs and the shyness all but disappeared completely over time.
典例 2.(广东省佛山市南海区 2024 年高三测试题)It has rich cultural tourism resources as it is ___ Mount
Tai rises, the Yellow River flows into the sea, and Confucius was born.
变式训练. (2024 年河北省唐山市阶段检测)The best times were ________ they had sleepovers and could sit up
late talking about anything and everything and everyone.
考点四 同位语从句
同位语从句:放在名词之后(news, problem, idea, suggestion, advice, thought, hope, fact 等) 表明其具体内容。
1. 同位语从句通常用 that 引导,that 无词义也不作成分,但是不能省略,从句用陈述语序。
2. 同位语从句还可用 whether, when, where, why, how 等引导。
3.接同位语从句的常见名词:fact, news, idea, truth, hope, evidence, information, belief, thought, doubt, promise,
word(消息)等。
名师提醒 1:有时名词和同位语从句被谓语等分割开来。
例 1. I made a promise to myself that this year,my first year in high school,would be different.
我对自己做出承诺:今年——我上高中的第一年——将会与以往不同。
例 2. I have no idea where the journalist could have got his information.
我不知道那个记者从哪里得到的他的信息。
例 3. You can have no idea what he said.你根本想不到他说了些什么。
例 4. Word came that he had been admitted to Beijing University.消息传来他已经被北京大学录取了。
例 5. I made a promise to myself that this year, my third year in Senior school, would be different.
我向自己保证:今年——我高中的第三年——将会是不同的一年。
名师提醒 2:同位语从句的结构与定语从句的结构极其相似,但同位语从句是对前面的表示抽象概念的名词
的内容作进一步地解释说明,而定语从句是对前面的名词进行修饰、限制。
区分技巧:that 引导定语从句时,that 既起引导词的作用,又在从句中充当句子成分;如果在从句中作宾语
that 还可以省略,所修饰的名词指物时可用 which 替换。
that 引导同位语从句时,that 在从句中不充当任何句子成分,不能省略。
例1. The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school. (同位语从句)
他们赢得比赛的消息很快传遍了整个学校。
例2. The news (that) you told me yesterday was really disappointing.(定语从句)
你昨天告诉我的消息真的令人失望。
考点五 名词性从句五大易错点辨析
No. 1 从句中缺少主语或宾语
从句中缺少主语或宾语时,选择以下连接代词:what(ever), which(ever), who(ever), whom(ever)。通常
情况下,which 是在语境中提供了范围才会使用,否则,指事物时使用 what(ever)。
例1. What was most important to her, she told me, was her family.(主语从句,what 在从句中作主语)
她告诉我,对她来说最重要的是她的家人。
例2. The employers often give the job to whoever they believe has work experience with a strong sense of
duty.(宾语从句,whoever 在从句中作主语)
雇主们经常会把工作给他们认为有工作经验并且有强烈责任感的人。
例3. Whichever book he bought would be paid for.无论他买了哪一本书,都要付款。
No. 2 从句中不缺少主语或宾语,缺少状语
从句中不缺少主语或宾语,而是缺少状语成分,此时则用连接副词 when, where, why, how, how
many/much 等带有语义的连接词。
例1. Some students even have no idea why they are studying, so they waste much time playing
(连接词在从句中作原因状语)有些学生甚至都不知道为什么学习,所以他们浪费很多时间玩儿。
例2. She always thinks of how she can work well. (宾语从句,缺语义,连接词在从句中作状语)
她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。
例3. Where the English evening will be held hasn't yet been announced. (主语从句,缺语义,连接词在从句
中作状语)
英语晚会将在哪里举行,还没有宣布。
No. 3 that 与 what 的用法辨析
特点 用法 示例
what 是 连 what 作从句主语 What he had hoped at last came true. 他希望的事终于成为现实。
接代词,既 what 作从句宾语 Her interest was aroused by what he said.他的话引起了她的兴趣。
起 连 接 作 what 作从句定语 What few visitors we have are always made welcome.对不多的游客我们也
用 又 作 句 表示欢迎。
子成分 what 作从句表语 He is not what he was ten years ago. 他不再是十年前的他了。
that 是 连 that 引导主语从 That she lacks experience is obvious. 她缺少经验,这是显然的。
词,只起连 句、宾语从句、 My idea is that you shouldn’t have left the country. 我的意见是你不应该离
接 作 用 不 表语从句或同位 开那个国家。
作 句 子 成 语从句。 He gave us a suggestion that we should practise speaking English in class.他
分 建议我们在课堂上练习说英语。
No. 4 whether 与 if 的区别
(1) 表语从句和同位语从句常用 whether 引导,不用 if;当主语从句放于句首时,也常用 whether 引导,
不用 if;当 it 作形式主语,主语从句放在后面时用 whether 或 if 引导均可,但是如果被后置的主语从句中
含有表选择意义的 or 时,必须用 whether;与 or not 直接连用时,也必须用 whether。
例 1. Whether the meeting will be held is still a problem. (主语从句放于句首) 是否要开会仍然是个问题。
→The problem is whether the meeting will be held. (表语从句) 问题是是否将举行会议。
→I have no idea whether the meeting will be held. (同位语从句) 我不知道是否将举行会议。
例 2.It is doubtful whether/if he will come here. (主语从句放于句末)他是否要来这儿还令人怀疑。
例 3.It makes no difference whether he comes or not. 他来不来无关紧要。
(2)whether 和 if 都可以引导宾语从句,表示“是否”,在口语或间接引语中两者可以互换使用,但在有
些情况下,whether 和 if 的用法有一定的区别。
a.在及物动词后
例 1. I don't care whether or not he comes..(whether 与 or not 连用)
例 2. I don't know whether to go there.(whether+to do)
b.在介词后
在介词后常用 whether,不用 if。
It depends on whether you can do the work well.
那取决于你是否能做好这项工作。
No. 5 that 不可省略的情况
(1) that 引导主语从句且从句置于句首时,that 不可省略。
例. That he failed in the exam made his parents disappointed.
他考试不及格,这使他父母很失望。
(2) that 引导表语从句或同位语从句时,一般不可省略。
例1. The truth is that I didn't go there.
事实是我没有去那里。
例2. The news that our team has won is true.
我们队赢了的消息是真的。
No. 6 wh-ever 和 no matter wh-的区别
wh-ever 既可以引导名词性从句,又可以引导让步状语从句,而 no matter wh-只能引导让步状语从句。
I will give this dictionary to whoever wins the first prize in the English contest.(宾语从句)
我将把这本字典赠给在英语竞赛中获得一等奖的人。
Whoever/No matter who wins the first prize in the English contest, I will give this dictionary to him.(状语从
句)
不管谁在英语竞赛中获得一等奖,我都会把这本字典赠给他。
No. 7 表示“要求,建议,命令;坚持”的词后跟名词性从句时,从句中的谓语动词用“should+do”,其中 should
可以省略如,坚持 insist;命令 order, command;建议 advise, suggest, recommend;要求 demand, desire,
require, request 等。
例子 1. The boss ordered that the task (should) be completed by noon.(宾语从句)
老板命令(我们)在中午之前完成任务。
例 2. The doctor's advice is that I (should) rest more and drink more.(表语从句)
医生建议我多休息、多喝水。
例 3. It was proposed that this matter (should) be discussed at the next meeting.(主语从句)
有人提议这事在下次会议上讨论。
例 4. The boss refused the demand that she (should) do the work alone.(同位语从句)
老板拒绝了她单独做那项工作的请求。
典例. (湖南省湖南师范大学附属中学 2024 年高三试题)Catching sight of the sunrise and sunset, Kua Fu
suddenly hit upon an idea he wanted to race against the sun to see who ran faster!
一、 真题实战
1(. 2024 全国甲卷)How did the national park system come about On a cool, starry night in mid-September 1870,
four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in ________ is now northwestern Wyoming.
2(. 2024浙江 1月卷)If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s ________ they’ll promote.
But that leaves the solo (单独) customers out of pocket and disappointed.
3.(2021 年北京卷)The poor woman wasn't able to give him any information about ________ she lived.
4.(2021 年天津卷第一次)What puzzles Lily's friends is ________ she always has so many crazy ideas.
A.whether B.why C.what D.when
二、 命题演练
1.(湖南省衡阳市衡阳县 2023-2024 年高三试题)Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who
invited her to speak she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of the time, they agreed.
2.(湖南省常德市第一中学 2023-2024 学年高三试题)Huawei withstood strict sanctions from the US govt. and
now able to produce their own 5G phones, a great victory! does not kill you will make you stronger!
3. (2024 重庆三校考阶段练习)Directed by two Chinese vloggers, the three-episode series tells the story
of______ a Chinese cultural relic escapes from the British Museum and finds its way back to China.
4(. 江苏省东台中学 2023-2024学年高三 10月试题) Its unique taste of freshness, sourness, hotness and spiciness
is modern people and young people prefer.
5.(北京市西城区 2024 年高三试题)But many people, though complaining about the stupid quizzes, still take
them, wondering their answers generate their correct birth year.
6(. 2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·高三哈尔滨三中校考)When her daughter came back from Australia, she found her quite
different from she was 3 years ago.第 21 讲 名词性从句
目录
01 考情透视·目标导航 2
02 知识导图·思维引航 2
03 考点突破·考法探究 3
基础详单
知识点 1 名词性从句定义与分类 3
知识点 2 名词性从句解题策略 4
考点一 主语从句
知识点 1 . it 充当形式主语的情况 4
知识点 2 that、whether、if 引导主语从句 5
知识点 3 连接代词或连接副词引导的主语从句 6
考点二 宾语从句
知识点 1 it 充当形式宾语的情况 8
知识点 2 宾语从句中考查时态的情况 8
知识点 3 含有 what/how 引导的宾语从句 9
知识点 4 that 引导宾语从句不能省略的情况 9
考点三 表语从句
知识点 1 表语从句基础知识 10
知识点 2 表语从句重要句式 11
考点四 同位语从句 12
考点五 名词性从句七大易错点辨析 13
04 真题练习·命题洞现
1.真题实战 15
2.命题演练 16
年份 卷别 考点 考情分析
新高考 I 卷 what
2024 全国甲卷 what 分析近年高考真题可知,名词性
浙江卷 1 月 what
从句的考查在语法填空和写作中
新高考 II 卷 why
2023 浙江卷 whether 都是常考点。that 和 what 是重难
天津卷 what 点。在写作中,熟练运用名词性
新高考 II 卷 how
2022 从句可以给写作增加亮点。
天津卷 how
浙江卷 1 月 if/whether 复习目标:
新高考 I 卷 what 1.掌握名词性从句 that 和 what 的
2021 北京卷 where
用法区别。
天津卷 what;why
浙江卷 what 2.掌握名词性从句 if 和 whether 的
江苏卷 whether 用法区别。
2020
北京卷 if/whether 3.掌握名词性从句 who, whoever,
天津卷 what
I that why, where, how 的用法区别。全国 卷
2019 江苏卷 that
【基础详单】
知识点 1 名词性从句定义与分类
定义:在复合句中,起名词作用的从句叫名词性从句。
分类:名词性从句相当于名词短语,在复合句中充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语等。
连接词:that/whether, as if/as though;
连接代词:what/ which who/whose whatever whoever whomever whichever;
连接副词:Where/when why/how wherever whenever
知识点 2 名词性从句解题策略
1.确定从句类型:设空处无提示词,先根据主句的主谓结构确定空处和空后的内容在主句中充当主语、
宾语、表语或同位语。
2.确定连接词:
(1)从句中缺少主语、宾语、表语,用连接代词 what、who、whom、which、whatever 等。
(2)从句中不缺成分且句子意义完整,用 that。
(2)从句中不缺成分,句意缺少“是否”,用 if/whether。
(3)从句中缺少状语,根据句意,选择用连接副词 where (表地点)、when (表时间)、how (表方式)、
why (表原因)等。
名师提醒:有些引导词在句中有很鲜明的意义,如 whether/if (是否)、whoever (无论谁)、whatever (无论什
么)、because (因为)、why (为什么)等。结合句意和语境,不难解决这类试题。
考点一 主语从句
主语从句:在复合句中做主语,相当于名词,一般置谓语之前;也可用 it 作形式主语,主语从句放主句之
后。
知识点 1 it 充当形式主语的情况
1. It+be+形容词(necessary/likely/important/certain 等)+that 从句
2. It+be+名词(短语)(a pity/a shame/no wonder 等)+that 从句
3. It+be+过去分词(said/told/reported 等)+that 从句
4. It+不及物动词(seem,appear,happen,matter 等)+that 从句
易错提醒:当形容词为 important, necessary, strange 等或过去分词为 suggested, requested, desired 等时,从句
中的谓语动词用虚拟语气“(should)+动词原形”。
It is common knowledge that the whale is not a fish.
鲸鱼不是鱼,这是常识。
It doesn't matter whether you pay by cash or credit card in this store.
在这个商店里你用现金支付还是信用卡支付都没有关系。
It is necessary that we (should) have breakfast.
我们吃早餐是有必要的。
It is uncertain what side effect the medicine will bring about,although about two thousand patients have taken it.
尽管大约两千名患者已经服用了这种药,但是它会带来什么样的副作用还不清楚。
知识点 2 that、whether、if 引导主语从句的情况
连接词 that,whether,if 只起连接作用,不在从句中作成分
Whether he will come or not doesn’t matter much.(从属连词引导)
他是否回来都不重要。
That the earth moves around the sun is known to all.(从属连词引导)
地球绕着太阳转是大家都知道的。
典例(. 2024 年湖北省高三名校联考)Moreover, the silk texture and colour have both grown inconsistent
makes creating the necessary raw materials and matching the colour difficult. The advanced technology is helping
them with the restoration.
【解析】考查主语从句。句意:此外,丝绸的质地和颜色都变得不一致,这使得创造必要的原材料和匹配
颜色变得困难。分析句子可知,空处引导名词性从句作句子的主语,主句从句的成分和语义均完整,因此
应用只起连接作用、无实意的 that 引导。故填 that。
【答案】that
思维建模:that 是从属连词,在名词性从句中不充当任何成分,也没有任何意义。而 what 是连接代词,在
名词性从句中充当成分,通常充当主语、宾语或表语。
变式训练 1.(2020·江苏卷改编)It is not a problem __________ we can win the battle; it’s just a matter of time.
【解析】考查主语从句。句意:我们能否打赢这场战斗不是问题;这只是时间问题。根据下文 it’s just a matter
of time 可知,此处指”我们能否打赢这场战斗不是问题”,it 是形式主语,whether 引导的从句是真正的主语。
故填 whether。
【答案】whether
变式训练 2. It remains to be seen we can put aside differences and focus on common interests.
【解析】考查主语从句。句意:我们能否抛开分歧,关注共同利益还有待观察。分析句子结构可知,本句
使用了 it 充当形式主语,结合句意使用 whether 引导的主语从句作真正的主语,故填 whether。
【答案】whether
知识点 3 连接代词或连接副词引导主语从句的情况
连接代词 what,who,whom,which,whichever,whatever,whoever 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语
连接副词 when,where,how,why 在从句中作状语
例1. Whoever comes here will be welcome.(连接代词引导)
无论是谁来到这儿都很受欢迎。
例2. Whatever you can do helps.(连接代词引导)
你的支持对我们的工作很重要。你能做的任何事情都会对我们有所帮助。
例3. How we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.(连接副词引导)
我们如何理解事情与我们所感受到的有很大关系。
例4. Why they suddenly disappeared still remains a mystery.(连接副词引导)
它们为什么突然消失了还是个迷?
例5. When the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather.
延迟的飞机何时起飞在很大程度上取决于天气。
例6. What struck me most in the movie was the father's deep love for his son.
影片中最打动我的是父亲对儿子深深的爱。
易错提醒:what 与 that 引导主语从句
1. that 在名词性从句中具有“两无”“一不”特征——无意义、无成分,(除宾语从句外)不可省略。
that 在名词性从句中没有意义,而且不充当句子成分。that 引导宾语从句作及物动词的宾语时可省略;
在引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句时,that 不可省略。
2. what 在名词性从句中具有“两有”“一不”特征——有意义、有成分,不可省略。
what 在引导名词性从句时,有一定的意义,一般可译为“……的东西/事情/话等”;what 在从句中充当主
语、宾语、表语和定语,不可省略。
例1. I think (that) you should turn to the teacher for help.我认为你应该向老师寻求帮助。
例2. My decision is that all of us are to start at 6 o'clock tomorrow morning.
我的决定是我们所有人明天早上 6 点出发。
例3. What was most important to her, she told me, was her family.
她告诉我,对她来说,最重要的是她的家人。
典例 1.(2024 河南省郑州高三模拟)________ breaks the school rules will be punished to do extra cleaning for
a week.
【解析】考查主语从句的连接词。句意:违反学校规定的人将被惩罚做一周的额外清洁。此处主语从句缺
主语,whoever 作主语,意为:不论谁。故填 Whoever。
【答案】Whoever
典例 2.(2024 年福建高三模拟) we will have a picnic depends on the weather.
【解析】考查主语从句。句意:我们什么时候去野餐取决于天气。分析句子结构可知,此处应为连接词引
导的主语从句,从句中不缺主语和宾语,但句意不完整,结合句意,可知,此处表示“什么时候”应为 when
符合句意,且位于句首,首字母需大写。故填 When。
【答案】When
变式训练 1. one of you breaks the exquisite window will have to pay for it.
【解析】考查主语从句连接词。句意:无论你们之中哪一个人打破了窗户,都得为此赔偿。根据句意,这
里强调“无论哪一个”,句中给了范围 of you,,故用 whichever one,意为“无论哪一个”。故填 Whichever。
【答案】Whichever
变式训练 2.China now has nearly 30,000 kilometers of high speed track. Using high speed rail, used
to be a 34-hour journey can now be accomplished in just seven to nine hours.
【解析】考查主语从句。句意:中国现在有近 3 万公里的高速铁路。使用高速铁路,过去需要 34 个小时的
旅程现在只需要 7 到 9 个小时。空处引导主语从句,从句缺少主语,指物应用 what。故填 what。
【答案】what
考点二 宾语从句
宾语从句:在复合句中做宾语,相当于名词,一般置谓语之后。
引导词 作用
连接词 that, whether, if 只起连接作用,不在从句中作成分
what, who, whom,which,
连接代词 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语
whichever,whatever, whoever
连接副词 when, where, how, why 在从句中作状语
例1. I'm writing to tell you that my uncle Li Ming is going to your city for a conference.
我写信是想告诉你,我叔叔李明要去你的城市开会。
例2. We promise whoever attends the party will have a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.
我们保证,任何参加这个聚会的人都有机会与那个电影明星合影。
例3. I don't know whether to set off for Beijing or not.我不知道是否出发去北京。
知识点 1 it 充当形式宾语的情况
宾语一般放在及物动词或介词之后,但是,在下列情况下,须用 it 作形式宾语,而将真正的宾语(常为不定
式/从句)后置。
1. 动词 find/feel/think/consider/make+it+宾补(形容词或名词)+不定式/从句
2. 动词 hate/ like/ dislike/ appreciate/enjoy+it+从句
3. 短语动词 see to/ depend on/rely on+it+从句
4. 固定搭配 take it for granted that/owe it to sb.that+从句
例1. I find it necessary that we should spend more time practising spoken English.
我发现花更多时间练习英语口语是必要的。
例2. I would appreciate it if you could take me into consideration.
如果你能考虑我的话我将感激不尽。
例3. No matter where he is,he makes it a rule to go for a walk before breakfast.
无论他在哪里,他都定了一个规矩——早餐前散步。
例4. I shall see to it that he is taken good care of when you are absent.
你不在的时候,我负责把他照顾好。
例5. Most of us young men take it for granted that parents do everything for us.
我们大部分年轻人认为父母为我们做的一切是理所当然的。
知识点 2 宾语从句的时态
一般情况下,宾语从句须与主句的时态保持一致,即主句是一般现在时,从句可根据具体情况选用合
适的时态;主句为过去的某种时态,从句须用相应的过去的某种时态。当从句的内容为真理或客观事实时,
须用一般现在时。
1. 主句的谓语动词如果是一般现在时或一般将来时,从句的谓语动词可用任何所需要的时态。
例1. He says that he likes listens to music.他说他喜欢听音乐。
例2. I know that she didn't tell you that she would go to America next month.
我知道她没有告诉你她下个月要去美国。
例3. He will tell us what happened to him during our absence.他会告诉我们,我们不在期间他出了什么事。
2. 主句的谓语动词是一般过去时时,从句的谓语动词通常用相应的过去时。
例1. The boy said that there were no classes on Sunday afternoon.
那个男孩说周日下午没有课。
例2. My Chinese teacher asked me if I was reading the book Red and Black when he came in.
我的语文老师问我他进来时我是否在读《红与黑》这本书。
3. 如果从句表示客观事实或真理,不管主句的谓语动词是何种时态,从句都要用一般现在时。
例.As a child, I was told that the moon has no light of its own. I didn't believe it.
孩提时,人们告诉我月亮自身不会发光,我不相信。
知识点 3 含有感叹句 what/how 引导的宾语从句
句式 用法 示例
主句+what+(a/an) + what 是感叹形容词,中 You can't imagine what a mistake I made.
adj. +n+主语+谓语 心词必须是名词。 你无法想象我犯了多大一个错误。
主 句 +how+ how 是感叹副词,直接 You have no idea how excited I was when I received the
adj/adv+主语+谓语 修饰形容词或副词。 gift.你不清楚我收到礼物时多么激动。
例1. Do not let any failures discourage you, for you can never tell how close you may be to victory.
例2. Sorry I’m so late, but you cannot imagine what great trouble I took to find your house.
例3. .What some teenagers don't realize is how difficult life can be after they get addicted to drugs.
知识点 4 that 引导宾语从句不能省略的情况
1. that 引导宾语从句时,常被省去,但下列情况下不能省略:
a.动词后跟有多个 that 引导的宾语从句时,只有第一个 that 可省略,其余的不可省略;
He said (that) the book was very interesting and that all the children like to read it.
b.宾语从句前有插入语时;
We hope, on the contrary, that he will stay at home with us.
恰恰相反,我们希望他和我们待在家里。
c.当 it 作形式宾语,后接 that 引导的宾语从句时。
I don’t think it polite that they left without saying thanks to us.
我认为他们不说声谢谢就离开是不礼貌的。
d.宾语从句为主从复合句,从句位于宾语从句的前部时。
I promised that if anyone came to set me free, I would make him king over the earth.
我许下诺言,如果有人来释放我,我就让他成为世界之王。
e.当 that 引导的从句位于介词 except, but, besides, in 等之后,作介词的宾语时,that 通常不能省略。
They share little in common except that they are from the same country.
除了来自同一个国家之外,他们几乎没有共同点。
典例 1.(2024 届福建省三明市等 5 地高三一模试题)These words of her give us a look into the heart of this
amazing woman, and carried her through a life of hard choices.
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意:她的这些话让我们看到了这位了不起的女人的内心,以及是什么让她度过
了艰难的人生选择。分析句子可知,空处引导名词性从句作介词 into 的宾语,从句中缺少主语,且结合句
意可知,主语指物,应用连接代词 what 作引导词。故填 what。
【答案】 what
典例 2.(江苏省苏州中学校 2023-2024 学年高三试题)Many love to find out the pictures were
originally taken.
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意:许多人喜欢找出这些照片最初是在哪里拍摄的。分析句子结构和意思可知,
空格处引导宾语从句,从句基本成分完整,上下文需要表示地点的连词,所以用 where。故填 where。
【答案】where
变式训练.(江苏省百校联考 2023-2024 学年高三试题)“It proves to me the cause I’ve engaged in
is world-class and for all humanity,” Chen said.
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意:他说:“这向我证明,我所从事的事业是世界级的,是为了全人类。”在宾语
从句中不缺少主语、宾语或表语,且不缺少意义,所以应用从属连词 that。故填 that。
【答案】that
考点三 表语从句
知识点 1 表语从句基础知识
表语从句:在复合句中做主语,相当于名词,一般置谓语之前;也可用 it 作形式主语,主语从句放主句之
后。Wh-类连接词引导的从句作表语时,一般不含疑问意义,而是表示具体的时间、地点、原因、方式等。
引导词 作用
连接词 that, whether 只起连接作用,不在从句中作成分
what, who, whom, which,
连接代词 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语
whichever, whatever,whoever
连接副词 when, where, how, why 在从句中作状语
例1. The most important result for the user is that the product does what is intended.
对用户来说最重要的是产品达到了预期的效果。
例2. This is where we usually think it's easier to just give up.
这就是我们通常认为更容易放弃的地方。
例3. This is why they need an English trainer. (2023 年新高考 II 卷)
这就是为什么他们需要一个英语教练的原因。
名师提醒:as if/as though 引导表语从句
as if/as though 意为“好像,仿佛”,引导的表语从句常跟在系动词(如 seem, appear, look, taste, sound, feel,
smell 等)之后。若表语从句所述的是非真实的情况,从句用虚拟语气;若所述的是事实或是极可能发生的情
况,从句用陈述语气。
例 1.The thick smog covered the whole city. It was as if a great black blanket had been thrown over it.
厚重的烟雾覆盖着整个城市,好像把一个厚厚的黑色的毯子扔到上面。
例 2. He looked as if he was going to smile.他看上去好像要微笑。
知识点 2 表语从句重要句式
(1)This/That/It is why+表语从句(表示结果)“这/那就是……的原因”
(2)This/That/It is because+表语从句(表示原因)“这/那是因为……”
(3)The reason why... is that+表语从句“……的原因是……”
名师提醒:如果主句的主语时 reason, 表语从句的连接词用 that, 不能用 why 或 because。
例1. From space, the earth looks blue.This is because about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by
water.从太空中看,地球是蓝色的。这是因为地球表面约百分之七十一都被水覆盖着。
例2. The reason why he didn’t come is that he was ill.他不能来的原因是因为他生病了。
典例 1.(2024 年浙江省强基联盟适应性考试试题)In my case this is happened—my parents turned
in to me and my needs and the shyness all but disappeared completely over time.
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意:就我而言,事情就是这样:我的父母向我求助,随着时间的推移,我的
需求和害羞几乎完全消失了。分析句子结构,这是一个包含表语从句的复合句,空白处在表语从句中做主
语,表示内容,使用 what 连接表语从句,故填 what。
【答案】what
典例 2.(广东省佛山市南海区 2024 年高三测试题)It has rich cultural tourism resources as it is ___ Mount
Tai rises, the Yellow River flows into the sea, and Confucius was born.
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意:这里是泰山的所在地、黄河入海口、孔子诞生地,文化旅游资源丰富。
分析句子,设空处引导的是表语从句,引导词在从句中作地点状语,表示“在山东省这里”用 where。故填
where。
【答案】where
变式训练. (2024 年河北省唐山市阶段检测)The best times were ________ they had sleepovers and could sit up
late talking about anything and everything and everyone.
【解析】考查表语从句。句意:最好的时光是他们在别人家过夜的时候,可以坐到很晚,谈论任何事,所
有人。when 引导表语从句,在从句中作时间状语。故填 when。
【答案】when
考点四 同位语从句
同位语从句:放在名词之后(news, problem, idea, suggestion, advice, thought, hope, fact 等) 表明其具体内容。
1. 同位语从句通常用 that 引导,that 无词义也不作成分,但是不能省略,从句用陈述语序。
2. 同位语从句还可用 whether, when, where, why, how 等引导。
3.接同位语从句的常见名词:fact, news, idea, truth, hope, evidence, information, belief, thought, doubt, promise,
word(消息)等。
名师提醒 1:有时名词和同位语从句被谓语等分割开来。
例 1. I made a promise to myself that this year,my first year in high school,would be different.
我对自己做出承诺:今年——我上高中的第一年——将会与以往不同。
例 2. I have no idea where the journalist could have got his information.
我不知道那个记者从哪里得到的他的信息。
例 3. You can have no idea what he said.你根本想不到他说了些什么。
例 4. Word came that he had been admitted to Beijing University.消息传来他已经被北京大学录取了。
例 5. I made a promise to myself that this year, my third year in Senior school, would be different.
我向自己保证:今年——我高中的第三年——将会是不同的一年。
名师提醒 2:同位语从句的结构与定语从句的结构极其相似,但同位语从句是对前面的表示抽象概念的名词
的内容作进一步地解释说明,而定语从句是对前面的名词进行修饰、限制。
区分技巧:that 引导定语从句时,that 既起引导词的作用,又在从句中充当句子成分;如果在从句中作宾语
that 还可以省略,所修饰的名词指物时可用 which 替换。
that 引导同位语从句时,that 在从句中不充当任何句子成分,不能省略。
例1. The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school. (同位语从句)
他们赢得比赛的消息很快传遍了整个学校。
例2. The news (that) you told me yesterday was really disappointing.(定语从句)
你昨天告诉我的消息真的令人失望。
考点五 名词性从句五大易错点辨析
No. 1 从句中缺少主语或宾语
从句中缺少主语或宾语时,选择以下连接代词:what(ever), which(ever), who(ever), whom(ever)。通常
情况下,which 是在语境中提供了范围才会使用,否则,指事物时使用 what(ever)。
例1. What was most important to her, she told me, was her family.(主语从句,what 在从句中作主语)
她告诉我,对她来说最重要的是她的家人。
例2. The employers often give the job to whoever they believe has work experience with a strong sense of
duty.(宾语从句,whoever 在从句中作主语)
雇主们经常会把工作给他们认为有工作经验并且有强烈责任感的人。
例3. Whichever book he bought would be paid for.无论他买了哪一本书,都要付款。
No. 2 从句中不缺少主语或宾语,缺少状语
从句中不缺少主语或宾语,而是缺少状语成分,此时则用连接副词 when, where, why, how, how
many/much 等带有语义的连接词。
例1. Some students even have no idea why they are studying, so they waste much time playing
(连接词在从句中作原因状语)有些学生甚至都不知道为什么学习,所以他们浪费很多时间玩儿。
例2. She always thinks of how she can work well. (宾语从句,缺语义,连接词在从句中作状语)
她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。
例3. Where the English evening will be held hasn't yet been announced. (主语从句,缺语义,连接词在从句
中作状语)
英语晚会将在哪里举行,还没有宣布。
No. 3 that 与 what 的用法辨析
特点 用法 示例
what 是 连 what 作从句主语 What he had hoped at last came true. 他希望的事终于成为现实。
接代词,既 what 作从句宾语 Her interest was aroused by what he said.他的话引起了她的兴趣。
起 连 接 作 what 作从句定语 What few visitors we have are always made welcome.对不多的游客我们也
用 又 作 句 表示欢迎。
子成分 what 作从句表语 He is not what he was ten years ago. 他不再是十年前的他了。
that 是 连 that 引导主语从 That she lacks experience is obvious. 她缺少经验,这是显然的。
词,只起连 句、宾语从句、 My idea is that you shouldn’t have left the country. 我的意见是你不应该离
接 作 用 不 表语从句或同位 开那个国家。
作 句 子 成 语从句。 He gave us a suggestion that we should practise speaking English in class.他
分 建议我们在课堂上练习说英语。
No. 4 whether 与 if 的区别
(1) 表语从句和同位语从句常用 whether 引导,不用 if;当主语从句放于句首时,也常用 whether 引导,
不用 if;当 it 作形式主语,主语从句放在后面时用 whether 或 if 引导均可,但是如果被后置的主语从句中
含有表选择意义的 or 时,必须用 whether;与 or not 直接连用时,也必须用 whether。
例 1. Whether the meeting will be held is still a problem. (主语从句放于句首) 是否要开会仍然是个问题。
→The problem is whether the meeting will be held. (表语从句) 问题是是否将举行会议。
→I have no idea whether the meeting will be held. (同位语从句) 我不知道是否将举行会议。
例 2.It is doubtful whether/if he will come here. (主语从句放于句末)他是否要来这儿还令人怀疑。
例 3.It makes no difference whether he comes or not. 他来不来无关紧要。
(2)whether 和 if 都可以引导宾语从句,表示“是否”,在口语或间接引语中两者可以互换使用,但在有
些情况下,whether 和 if 的用法有一定的区别。
a.在及物动词后
例 1. I don't care whether or not he comes..(whether 与 or not 连用)
例 2. I don't know whether to go there.(whether+to do)
b.在介词后
在介词后常用 whether,不用 if。
It depends on whether you can do the work well.
那取决于你是否能做好这项工作。
No. 5 that 不可省略的情况
(1) that 引导主语从句且从句置于句首时,that 不可省略。
例. That he failed in the exam made his parents disappointed.
他考试不及格,这使他父母很失望。
(2) that 引导表语从句或同位语从句时,一般不可省略。
例1. The truth is that I didn't go there.
事实是我没有去那里。
例2. The news that our team has won is true.
我们队赢了的消息是真的。
No. 6 wh-ever 和 no matter wh-的区别
wh-ever 既可以引导名词性从句,又可以引导让步状语从句,而 no matter wh-只能引导让步状语从句。
I will give this dictionary to whoever wins the first prize in the English contest.(宾语从句)
我将把这本字典赠给在英语竞赛中获得一等奖的人。
Whoever/No matter who wins the first prize in the English contest, I will give this dictionary to him.(状语从
句)
不管谁在英语竞赛中获得一等奖,我都会把这本字典赠给他。
No. 7 表示“要求,建议,命令;坚持”的词后跟名词性从句时,从句中的谓语动词用“should+do”,其中 should
可以省略如,坚持 insist;命令 order, command;建议 advise, suggest, recommend;要求 demand, desire,
require, request 等。
例子 1. The boss ordered that the task (should) be completed by noon.(宾语从句)
老板命令(我们)在中午之前完成任务。
例 2. The doctor's advice is that I (should) rest more and drink more.(表语从句)
医生建议我多休息、多喝水。
例 3. It was proposed that this matter (should) be discussed at the next meeting.(主语从句)
有人提议这事在下次会议上讨论。
例 4. The boss refused the demand that she (should) do the work alone.(同位语从句)
老板拒绝了她单独做那项工作的请求。
典例. (湖南省湖南师范大学附属中学 2024 年高三试题)Catching sight of the sunrise and sunset, Kua Fu
suddenly hit upon an idea he wanted to race against the sun to see who ran faster!
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意:看到日出和日落,夸父突然有了一个主意,他想和太阳赛跑,看谁跑得
更快!idea 后面接同位语从句,从句不缺少成分,且句意完整,应用 that。故填 that。
【答案】that
一、 真题实战
1(. 2024 全国甲卷)How did the national park system come about On a cool, starry night in mid-September 1870,
four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in ________ is now northwestern Wyoming.
【答案】what
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意:1870 年 9 月中旬,在一个凉爽、繁星点点的夜晚,四个男人在火洞河边的
营火前放松,这里现在是怀俄明州的西北部。后文为介词 in 的宾语,is 前缺主语,指物,主语用 what 引导
宾语从句,作介词 in 的宾语,故填 what。
2(. 2024浙江 1月卷)If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s ________ they’ll promote.
But that leaves the solo (单独) customers out of pocket and disappointed.
【答案】what
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意:如果他们的大多数客户都乐意大量购买,那他们就会推广。在表语从句
中缺少宾语,且是指事物,所以应用连接代词 what。故填 what。
3.(2021 年北京卷)The poor woman wasn't able to give him any information about ________ she lived.
【答案】 where
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意:这个可怜的老妇人不能说清楚她住在哪里。介词 about 后是宾语从句,根据
句意,此处用 where“在哪里;……的地方”符合句意,从句中作地点状语,故填 where。
4.(2021 年天津卷第一次)What puzzles Lily's friends is ________ she always has so many crazy ideas.
A.whether B.why C.what D.when
【答案】B
【解析】考查连接词词义辨析。句意:令 Lily 的朋友们感到困扰的是她为什么总是有这么多疯狂的想法。
A. whether 是否;B. why 为什么;C. what 什么,所…的事儿;D. when 什么时间,…的时间。分析句子,该
空需要一个表语从句的连接词,结合句意,应该是朋友们不明白 Lily 为什么有这么多疯狂的想法。所以本
句为 why 引导的表语从句。故选 B 项。
二、 命题演练
1.(湖南省衡阳市衡阳县 2023-2024 年高三试题)Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who
invited her to speak she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of the time, they agreed.
【答案】whether 或 if
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意:对于她的出席,Cobb 开始询问邀请她的组织者是否可以远程进行。显然 ask
后面出现了一个宾语从句,宾语从句句意不完整,whether/if“是否”符合语境,故填 whether 或 if。
2.(湖南省常德市第一中学 2023-2024 学年高三试题)Huawei withstood strict sanctions from the US govt. and
now able to produce their own 5G phones, a great victory! does not kill you will make you stronger!
【答案】what
【解析】考查主语从句。句意:杀不死你的,会让你更强大!引导主语从句,从句缺少主语,指“……的东
西”应用 what。故填 what。
3. (2024 重庆三校考阶段练习)Directed by two Chinese vloggers, the three-episode series tells the story
of______ a Chinese cultural relic escapes from the British Museum and finds its way back to China.
【答案】how
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意:该剧由两位中国博主执导,共三集,讲述了一件中国文物如何从大英博物
馆逃回中国的故事。分析句子结构可知,此处为连接词引导的宾语从句作介词 of 的宾语,从句中缺少方式
状语,故填 how。
4(. 江苏省东台中学 2023-2024学年高三 10月试题) Its unique taste of freshness, sourness, hotness and spiciness
is modern people and young people prefer.
【答案】what
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意:其独特的鲜、酸、辣、辣的口感是现代人和年轻人的最爱。分析句子,
设空处引导表语从句,引导词在从句中作 prefer 的宾语,意为“什么”,故使用 what 引导。故填 what。
5.(北京市西城区 2024 年高三试题)But many people, though complaining about the stupid quizzes, still take
them, wondering their answers generate their correct birth year.
【答案】if/whether
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意:但是许多人,虽然一边抱怨愚蠢的测验,但一边却仍然做测试,因为他们
想知道测试的答案是否产生正确的出生年份。空处引导宾语从句,从句不缺成分,根据句意可知,此处表
示“是否”,应用不做成分,只起连接作用的 if/whether 来引导,故填 if/whether。
6(. 2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·高三哈尔滨三中校考)When her daughter came back from Australia, she found her quite
different from she was 3 years ago.
【答案】what
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意:当她女儿从澳大利亚回来时,她发现她和三年前大不一样了。在宾语从
句中缺少表语,根据“she found her quite different from”可知,此处是指三年前的样子,是指事物,所以应用
连接代词 what。故填 what。
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