专题-S307 【题型易-高考英语 (阅读理解) 强化训练三】2025年高考-部分考区题型专练 （全国通用）

(
高考
阅读理解
专练
) (
8
)
专题-S301部分考区 阅读理解 高考备考 能力提升
强化训练三 阅读理解16篇
强化训练A（新高考 Ⅰ 卷考区） Passage 1 - 12
强化训练 B（自主命题考区） Passage 13-16
第一部分：强化训练 A
Passage 1
(2024·山东济南模拟)When 76yearold AntoinetteMarie Williams played 17yearold Emmett Daniels in chess for the first time, she gave Daniels a run for his money. Paired through DOROT, a New York organisation which was launched in 1976, they are a perfect match. “I was a good opponent for him. I don't think he expected it，” Williams told the CVS Health blog Fortune Well. Their weekly games have led Daniels and Williams to a crossgenerational relationship that they both enjoy. Williams and Daniels' relationship disproves the idea that people of different generations have little in common.
Since its founding, DOROT has achieved a reputation of excellence and innovation in the fields of aging services. Volunteers of young ages offer critical resources to older adults, in services specific to the person's needs and interests, with the ultimate goal of lessening loneliness of the old.
Loneliness has been recognised as a significant social issue for many years, but the classification of loneliness as an epidemic(流行病) has emerged only in recent years. In 2018, the UK government appointed a Minister for Loneliness, highlighting the increasing concern around the issue. This followed the publication of the 2017 report by the Jo Cox Commission on Loneliness, which found that loneliness was a growing social epidemic and called for a national strategy to address the issue.
Fortunately, there are ways to battle loneliness, including the intervention in the lives of isolated seniors by organisations like DOROT. It advocates building a support network by reaching out to family and friends, joining a community or social group, or volunteering to connect with likeminded people. The connection between Williams and Daniels shows that these intergenerational relationships play an important role in reducing loneliness and adding joy to the lives of all the participants, young and old.
Another way to battle loneliness is to use technology to stay connected with loved ones which fosters meaning and purpose through online activities and conversations. Practising selfcare is also encouraged, as is being patient because strong relationships take time and effort to create.
1．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 1 probably mean
A．She had a running race with Daniels. B．Daniels felt disappointed.
C．Daniels had a tough win. D．She gave Daniels money as a gift of greeting.
2．What is the purpose of DOROT
A．To make technological innovation.
B．To enhance the living standards of the elderly.
C．To offer job opportunities for people of all ages.
D．To provide seniors with intergenerational connections.
3．What does the author try to stress in Paragraph 3
A．The solution to loneliness. B．The root cause of loneliness.
C．The classification of loneliness. D．The growing attention to loneliness.
4．Which section of a newspaper does this text probably come from
A．Society Watch. B．News Express.
C．Page Turner. D．Science Study.
Passage 2
(2024·福建泉州质检)For Australian cattle farmer Jody Brown, the most frightening evidence of drought is the silence. Trees stand still, the singing of birds gone.
The constant dryness means her cattle have decreased to around 400, down from 1，100 in 2002, and at times there have been no animals on the land at all. The native grasses, once green, have disintegrated into grey ash. According to United Nations' estimates, global crop production could fall about 30% because of climate change, while food is sharply demanded in the coming decades. The world is facing a new age of rapidly increasing food prices that could push almost 2 billion more people into hunger in a worstcase climate crisis.
Facing the scary predictions, farmers have begun to adapt. On Brown's farm, she's experimenting with regenerativefarming practices better suited to drought. She's exploring alternatives to traditional methods that don't push the land as hard. Meanwhile many agrichemical companies are developing new varieties for vegetables, like cabbages that are more resistant to extreme weather.
Across the globe, farmers are switching seeds and improving irrigation(灌溉). Lucas Oliveira in Brazil is pulling out half his coffee trees to plant corn and soybeans instead. He is being forced to change course after coffee crops suffered from drought and then an extreme frost. With drought hitting California, Fritz Durst is working to trap water. He's boarded up pipes to hold the rain that does fall. Durst will also plant cover crops, which can help enrich soils and prevent erosion(水土流失).
One of the biggest challenges for farmers is that there is currently no access to funds that would be critical to undertake the kind of massive transformation.
“If you have to deal with millions of farmers around the world, you have to coordinate(协调). That's a huge task，” said Monika Zurek, a senior researcher at the University of Oxford's Environmental Change Institute.
1．Why are the data mentioned in Paragraph 2
A．To illustrate the frequent drought.
B．To evidence the increasing food demand.
C．To present the severe results of climate crisis.
D．To describe the situation of crop production.
2．What is farmers' reaction towards the predictions
A．Exploring alternative farming practices.
B．Sticking to traditional methods.
C．Developing new varieties for vegetables.
D．Experimenting with agrichemicals.
3．How does Fritz Durst in California deal with the drought
A．He switches to planting coffee trees.
B．He employs ways to trap water.
C．He covers his crops to resist drought.
D．He conducts researches on the soil.
4．What is crucial to the transformation
A．Improving irrigation facilities.
B．Tackling environment change.
C．Offering farmers access to funds.
D．Introducing ways to prevent erosion.
Passage 3
(2024·湖南长沙模拟)Known on social media as The Sioux Chef, Sean Sherman grew up on the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation. He is reconnecting the locals of North America with native flavours and ingredients, and working to inspire a generation of indigenous(本土的) chefs to reclaim their cooking past.
Pine Ridge in South Dakota contains some of the poorest communities in the country, and it's out of that environment that Sherman got his first job in the restaurant industry as a dishwasher at a local steakhouse. As he developed a love of cooking, which saw him move to Minneapolis to study Japanese and French cuisines, Sherman realised he didn't know indigenous recipes.
“What were my Lakota ancestors eating and storing away How were they getting oils, salts and fats and things like that？” Sherman remembered asking himself in an interview on PBS NewsHour. “So it took me quite a few years of just researching, but it really became a passion.”
These years of researching, talking to elders, and consulting written material helped him produce The Sioux Chefs Indigenous Kitchen, which in 2018 won Sherman the James Beard Award for Best American Cookbook.
After publishing the book, Sherman opened his restaurant, Owamni, in Minneapolis and created the North American Traditional Indigenous Food Systems(NATIFS). It is a professional indigenous kitchen and training centre that seeks to create an educational space for native chefs to be trained and develop their skills, and reconnect with their cooking heritage.
“Part of our challenge to ourselves was to cut out ingredients that are not native so we stopped using dairy, wheat flour and cane sugar，” he said. He cooks with local ingredients. His choices of meats are the same as those hunted by his ancestors—deer, fish, and birds.
“For indigenous people who went through very strong assimilation(同化现象), we lost a lot of our food culture，” Sherman said. “But we're at a point now where we can reclaim it and develop it for the next generation. To be able to share culture through food will be really healing.”
1．What did Sherman realise when he was in Minneapolis
A．He didn't have enough cooking passion.
B．He should spend a few years researching cooking.
C．He should write a book about the indigenous recipes.
D．He didn't know his Lakota ancestors' cooking ways and ingredients.
2．Sherman set up the NATIFS centre to ．
A．make money and open his own restaurant
B．build an educational space for local children
C．train and help local chefs to cook local food
D．teach native chefs the most superb cooking skills
3．What is a problem for his native cooking culture according to Sherman
A．Very strong assimilation.
B．Its high speed of evolution.
C．Too much meat in the diet.
D．Indigenous recipes that can't be shared.
4．Which is the best title for the text
A．Local Recipes: Chefs Trained
B．Local Recipes: Fame Achieved
C．Local Recipes: Restaurants Refreshed
D．Local Recipes: Food Culture Preserved
Passage 4
(2023·安徽名校联盟高三12月大联考)Listening to an audiobook(有声书) before bed affects a person's brain activity after they nod off as well as the content of their dreams.
Better understanding this effect could help treat certain mental health conditions by targeting memory processing during sleep. When we sleep, our brain spontaneously(自发地) “replays”， or reactivates, patterns of electrical activity that are related to learning to transfer important new information to longterm memory storage. It has been suggested that dreams may reflect this reactivation, but exactly how is unclear.
To investigate, Deniz Kumral at the University of Freiburg, Germany, and her colleagues asked 20 people to listen to different audiobooks just before they went to sleep. These included The Mystery of the Blue Train by Agatha Christie and Inkheartt by Cornelia Funke.
Among the participants who remembered their dreams, the researchers could identify which audiobook each had heard from their descriptions of the dreams. While the participants slept, the researchers also used an EEG(脑电图) cap that detects electrical activity to record their brain waves. This showed that the wave patterns during the rapid eye movement phase of sleep, when dreams occur, were more similar between those who had heard the same audiobook than those who had heard different ones, suggesting that the listening experience shaped the brain activity.
Further analysis of the patterns revealed that highfrequency beta waves—between 18 and 30 hertz—were most strongly associated with the participants recalling the audiobookrelated content of their dreams. The findings suggest that daily life experiences can shape dream content via memory reactivation, according to the researchers. But while dreaming may serve a distinct purpose in memory formation, it could also be a byproduct of memory processing.
“Daytime experiences are rarely replayed as experienced, but are almost always modified or surface in different contexts，” says Kumral. “Individuals with certain psychological conditions or mental problems might benefit from tailored strategies that enhance memory processing or treat disorders of dreaming during sleep, potentially contributing to improving mental and emotional health.”
5．What did the researchers ask the participants to do
A．Record their dreams every night.
B．Wear an EEG cap during the day.
C．Listen to audiobooks during the day.
D．Listen to audiobooks just before sleep.
6．Why did Deniz Kumral and her colleagues do the research
A．To know how people process information.
B．To find out the content of people's dreams.
C．To reveal the secret of improving people's memory.
D．To investigate how dreams replay patterns of electrical activity.
7．What does the underlined word “modified” in the last paragraph probably mean
A．Stored. B．Changed. C．Forgotten. D．Strengthened.
8．What is the main idea of the text
A．The importance of dreams in memory formation.
B．Integration of daily experiences into dreams.
C．Listening experiences influencing brain activity.
D．Listening to audiobooks before bed shaping one's dream.
Passage 5
(2023·河南六市重点高中高三10月调研)When rains fell in the Atacama Desert for the first time in centuries, scientists had expected to see life blossom(繁盛). Instead, almost everything died. The shocking discovery was published in the journal Scientific Reports. Found in northern Chile, the dry core of the Atacama Desert hadn't experienced rain for the past 500 years. But three years ago, rain started to fall once again in the region.
A changing climate in the Pacific Ocean resulted in the desert's dry core experiencing rain on 25 March and 9 August 2015, and it rained again on 7 June 2017． There was no evidence of rain in this region for the past 500 years, although climate models suggested it should occur every century.
The international team of scientists who studied the region were hoping for deserts springing to life. “Instead, we learnt the contrary, as we found that rain in the dry core of the Atacama Desert caused a massive extinction of most native microbe(微生物) species there，” said study coauthor Alberto Fairén.
Before the rain fell, this region of the Atacama had been home to 16 different ancient microbe species. But after the rain fell, just two to four species were still found to be surviving in the resultant pool of water. The extinction event, believed to have been about 85 percent of life in the soil, was caused by the sudden influx of water. In particular, these microbes were adapted to survive in extreme dryness. They were unable to adapt quickly enough to the unexpected rainfall.
But it's not all bad news. The team also found nitrates(硝酸盐) in the Atacama Desert that were indicative of a lengthy dry period, while also acting as food for the microbes. And we've recently found nitrates on Mars, which could be indicating a similar process there.
5．How did the scientists find their discovery according to Alberto Fairén
A．Satisfying.
B．Astonishing.
C．Amusing.
D．Comforting.
6．What does the underlined word “influx” in Paragraph 4 mean
A．Shortage.
B．Need.
C．Arrival.
D．Test.
7．What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．The resultant pool of water was a wildlife habitat.
B．The team plans to turn the desert into a green land.
C．Scientists have observed lots of microbes on Mars.
D．The finding brought some hope to relevant studies.
8．Which is the most suitable title for the text
A．Unexpected Rainfalls Hit a Desert Badly
B．A Science Magazine Increased in Popularity
C．Scientists Unlocked the Secret Behind Drought
D．A Breakthrough Occurred in Space Exploration
Passage 6
(2023·河北唐山第三次模拟)It's no secret that our jobs can have a major impact on our lives outside of work. But what many employers don't realise is that how employees spend their time at work can have substantial spillover effects on their children.
To explore the impact of parents' work on their children's development, my team conducted a study that followed more than 370 lowwage, workingclass families over more than ten years. We intentionally focused on lowwage families, as they generally receive far less attention in the workfamily literature while facing some of the greatest challenges. We, therefore, could get more authentic datA． We completed inhome interviews and firsthand observations of parentchild interactions with strict assessments and reports from parents and teachers.
The data showed that parents who experienced more autonomy on the job and who had moresupportive managers and coworkers were in turn warmer and more engaged when interacting with their children. Checking back in with these families years later, we consistently saw that the children of employees who had had morepositive work experiences in their first years as parents had better reading and maths skills, and better social skills.
So it is important to promote workers' physical and mental health. Some organisations tend to focus on highlevel policy changes such as flexible scheduling options, more paid leave, etc. And to be sure, these systemic initiatives are certainly important. But our research suggests that ensuring workers feel respected and supported in their daily work is often just as critical. That means employers should give employees the time and space to share their experiences and ideas. In this way, employers will ensure workers feel buoyant in their daily work. The workers will feel bright and lively, enjoying more autonomy and respect.
Ultimately, how companies treat their workers today will determine how the next generation grows up tomorrow. That means building workplaces that value the welfare of working parents—and that of their children, too.
5．Why did the study choose the lowwage families
A．To tackle their problems.
B．To give them more attention.
C．To learn more truth about the poor.
D．To make the study more convincing.
6．What do some organisations usually give particular attention to
A．Humanity.
B．Policies.
C．Social systems.
D．Moral standards.
7．What does the underlined word “buoyant” mean in Paragraph 4
A．Romantic.
B．Cheerful.
C．Innocent.
D．Dominant.
8．Which can be a suitable title for the text
A．Parents' Experience at Work Impacts Their Children
B．Working Parents Devote Little to Their Children
C．Employers Should Care for Employees' Families
D．Companies Are Responsible for Workers' Health
Passage 7
(2023·福州普通高中毕业班5月质检)Both humans and animals possess the ability to cry out for help when endangered or threatened. Plants, as it turns out, can too.
“We found that plants usually emit(发出) sounds when they are under stress and that each plant and each type of stress is associated with a specific identifiable sound，” researchers from Tel Aviv University in Israel wrote in their findings, published in the scientific journal Cell.“While undetectable to the human ear, the sounds emitted by plants can probably be heard by various animals, such as bats, mice, and insects.”
Stressors like dehydration(脱水) and damage to leaves gave rise to the plants' highpitched(尖声的) cries, which ranged from 20 to 250 kHz. The bigger the danger is, the more frequent a plant's signals are.“Unstressed plants emitted less than one sound per hour, on average，” researcher Lilach Hadany said, “while the stressed plants—both dehydrated and injured—emitted dozens of sounds every hour.”
To catch these sounds, Hadany's team surrounded tomato and tobacco plants with supersensitive microphones. They then fed the data into an artificial intelligence programme that could tell the difference between the species of plant and the types of sounds produced.
“Our findings suggest that the world around us is full of plant sounds, and that these sounds contain information，” Hadany wrote. She added that to translate that information, we just need the “right tools such as sensors that tell growers when plants need watering”. Doing so, researchers noted, may allow farmers to judge exactly when and where to water crops, saving water, increasing harvests, and lowering stress for both plants and humankind.
5．What did researchers from Tel Aviv University in Israel find
A．Creatures tend to cry out for help when in danger.
B．Plants can give off sounds when they are stressed.
C．Plant sounds can be heard by both animals and humans.
D．Plants make the same sound whatever type of stress they have.
6．What does the author want to show in Paragraph 3
A．The influence of stress on plants.
B．The urgency of relieving plants of stress.
C．The possibility of plants emitting sounds.
D．The importance of conducting the research.
7．Why was an artificial intelligence programme used in the research
A．To help get rid of plant stress.
B．To identify the type of stress.
C．To collect sounds emitted by plants.
D．To analyse the collected sounds of plants.
8．What can we learn from Hadany's words in the last paragraph
A．The research is of practical value.
B．It's difficult to understand plant sounds.
C．Further research is needed in the future.
D．It's as easy as pie for farmers to grow crops.
Passage 8
(2024·河北石家庄质检)Sherry Gao is pouring coffee made from singleorigin beans, hoping that her Mandarin Coffee Stand in the city of Pasadena, California introduces you to your new favourite coffee and turns your preconceptions about Chinese coffee beans upside down.
Much of the Western world imports its coffee from Africa and South AmericA． But Gao hopes that throwing light on Yunnansourced coffee could expose customers to the coffeeproducing region and help to break down prejudice against the beans, which for decades, until only a few years ago, were primarily used for instant products.
“We wanted to highlight Chinese coffee because a lot of people never had Chinese coffee before，” Gao said. “Some have the mindset that it's bad or it's cheap, but that's not the case anymore. It's been changing so much over the last decade.”
Recent experimentation with processing, such as the addition of fruit or sugarcane molasses during the production, is leading Yunnan's coffee to more flavourful results. “Every time a new product comes in, it tastes better than the last one，” Gao said.
Farmers in China have grown tea for more than 3，000 years, but coffee has been grown there for only about a century in small quantities, with an uptick in the 1980s with government involvement. And the turn of the century and the 2010s saw a sharp growth with international corporations investing in the region's crops, initially for use in instant coffee.
But in the last 10 to 15 years, tastes and demand for specialty and highgrade coffees emerged, especially from local growers and shops. The domestic demand for Chinagrown coffee has risen so dramatically that Gao says it's now much more expensive.
To further connect with the community, Gao hopes to one day host classes for interactive howto events. After all, she says, the Yunnan coffee tastes excellent when made in one's own kitchen with a pourover system and she hopes it's only a matter of time before home specialty coffee enthusiasts catch on too.
5．What's a misunderstanding of Chinese coffee beans
A．They are of poor quality.
B．They have limited producing areas.
C．They have a mild taste.
D．They are used for flavoured coffee.
6．What does the underlined word “uptick” in Paragraph 5 mean
A．Output.
B．Increase.
C．Option.
D．Investment.
7．What does Sherry Gao expect to do in future
A．Offer community members coffee for free.
B．Buy a pourover system for her shop.
C．Teach people to make Chinese coffee at home.
D．Keep up with home specialty coffee fans.
8．In which section of a newspaper may this text appear
A．Entertainment. B．Health.
C．Education. D．Business.
Passage 9
(2023·广东高三10月联考)Brynn Schulte nearly died two times when she was a baby. At one point she needed emergency surgery for bleeding in her brain. No one knew what was wrong. Then, a test that looked at her full genetic details found a rare bleeding disorder. Catching the disorder early saved her life. “You have this hopeless feeling when you don't really know what's going on，” said her father, Mike Schulte. He noted that the test made a difference in finding the cause and “getting her the right care that she needed almost immediately”．
Brynn, now 4, got the genetic testing as part of a clinical trial, the results of which were published recently in The Journal of the American Medical Association. Testing all of the details of a person's genes is called “whole genome” testing. Whole genome tests are much better than narrowly targeted tests when it comes to finding genetic differences, called abnormalities, which can cause disease. The study found 49 percent of these abnormalities, compared to 27 percent with more commonly used tests targeting only some genetic diseases.
Whole genome tests could solve the problem of doing several narrowly targeted tests on babies, which still might not find the disorder. Experts warn there are some problems because labs vary in how they understand results. Also, whole genome tests are more expensive and less likely to be covered by insurance.
But researchers hope that whole genome tests will at some point be used for millions of hospitalised babies with rare and difficult conditions. The US National Human Genome Research Institute has found that around 350 million people around the world live with rare disorders. And it found that about 80 percent of the more than 7，000 conditions are genetic.
1．How did Mike Schulte feel about the test
A．Proud.
B．Grateful.
C．Unclear.
D．Hopeless.
2．In finding genetic diseases, ．
A．narrowly targeted tests are easier
B．commonly used tests take longer
C．whole genome tests focus on babies
D．whole genome tests are more accurate
3．What disadvantage do whole genome tests have
A．They cost a lot.
B．The process is complex.
C．The disorder might not be found.
D．Their results are hard to understand.
4．Where is the text most likely found
A．In a blog.
B．In a medical record.
C．In a newspaper.
D．In a letter.
Passage 10
[2023·河南豫北名校联考(二)]While some critics claim that history curricula(课程) teach unnecessary content, others argue that these curricula need to be more comprehensive. Despite ongoing debates about content, one universal truth remains: strong history curricula are necessary for developing the productive citizens of tomorrow.
The greatest academic value that history curricula provide is not the recall of important dates and names. Rather, understanding the historical enquiry process is the most important component. This process teaches students how to become critical thinkers and understand the dynamic nature of the telling of history.
Through strong history curricula, students are shown both a variety of primary and secondary sources and are taught to critique them. This is where the historical enquiry process begins. Students not only begin to analyse and ask questions about the content, but they also learn about the author's credibility and potential bias(偏见). Students are then able to contextualise the information they learn and can think more critically about historical context and those who tell it.
With this framework, students can then understand the causal relationship between human nature, values, philosophy, actions, and their consequences. It teaches students to recognise recurrent themes and lessons that are necessary to understand modern society. Most importantly, it teaches students to develop a healthy skepticism(怀疑论) when presented with information today because our actions are history in the making.
Forty years ago, renowned scholar James Fitzgerald argued that no education is complete without the teaching of historical enquiry. He believed that the only way to move forward in life is to understand what's behind us.
Today, this principle still holds true. Students take both the factual knowledge and the historical enquiry skills they learn in the classroom and apply them to real world circumstances. Throughout their lives, students who are taught with strong history curricula will take the lessons they learn from our predecessors and become involved, active, productive citizens who want to create a history that tomorrow's students will be proud to learn about.
1．What is the biggest academic significance of history learning
A．Passing down Chinese culture.
B．Grasping historical enquiry skills.
C．Making people more knowledgeable.
D．Enriching people's everyday life.
2．What does the underlined word “critique” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Protect. B．Combine.
C．Comment. D．Remember.
3．Why is James Fitzgerald mentioned in the text
A．To stress the importance of history.
B．To point out the essence of education.
C．To indicate famous people learn from history.
D．To show history contributes to people's achievements.
4．What can be the best title for the text
A．It Is the People that Create History
B．History Pushes the Wheel of the Times
C．History Curricula Are Gaining More Attention
D．History Curricula Shape Tomorrow's Decision Makers
Passage 11
(2023·湖北部分重点中学高三10月大联考)Happiness, as I see it, comprises five elements: spiritual wellbeing (meaning and purpose), physical wellbeing (nutrition, exercise), intellectual wellbeing (curiosity, deep learning), relational wellbeing (kindness and generosity), and emotional wellbeing (cultivating positive emotions). As an interdependent aggregate of these five elements of SPIRE, happiness is about much more than experiencing pleasure.
As Aristotle put it, happiness is the ultimate purpose of life, meaning how we spend our everyday lives is ultimately guided by what we think would make us happier. This is not a good or a bad thing. It simply is, like the law of nature. Even people who are tirelessly working for an important cause, for example, to get rid of world hunger, are doing it because they find their work meaningful. Meaning is an element of happiness.
One barrier to happiness has to do with the expectation that happiness is an unbroken chain of positive emotions. This expectation, however, prevents people from experiencing happiness because painful emotions don't go away but grow stronger when we reject them.
The second barrier has to do with equating happiness with success. It's a commonly held belief that happiness can be attained by achieving certain goals, like money or fame. People tend to think if they finally find success, they will automatically become happy.
The third barrier has to do with the way people pursue happiness. We want to be happy for many reasons. After all, we are constantly told that happiness is good for our health, relationships, and work outcomes. Yet, if I wake up in the morning and decide to pursue happiness straight, I will become less happy.
But how Indirectly. As is known, if you look up at the sun directly, you'll hurt yourself. But if you take the same sun rays and break them down, you'll enjoy the colours of a rainbow. Similarly, pursuing happiness directly can hurt us; pursuing it indirectly—by breaking it down into something like the SPIRE elements—can contribute to our wellbeing. Starting a meditation practice, exercising, performing acts of kindness, learning something new, or expressing gratitude for what we have are all indirect ways of pursuing happiness.
5．What does the underlined word “aggregate” probably mean in the first paragraph
A．Combination.
B．Conclusion.
C．Accumulation.
D．Association.
6．What's the author's attitude towards how we spend our daily lives
A．Favourable.
B．Suspicious.
C．Objective.
D．Indifferent.
7．What can we know from the text
A．Being a success leads one to happiness.
B．Refusing negative feelings helps us obtain happiness.
C．Going after happiness directly makes one feel happy.
D．Pursuing one aspect of SPIRE can boost our wellbeing.
8．Why is the sun mentioned in the last paragraph
A．To make a contrast.
B．To make an analogy.
C．To conclude the argumentation.
D．To answer the previous question.
Passage 12
(2023·衡水中学高三下学期一调)In September 2022, Li Jianguo, a 49yearold teacher at the Tianjin Vocational Institute, was named as one of the “2022 most beautiful teachers”—an annual public award sponsored by the Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and the Ministry of Education.
Li stood out by taking the lead in the training of students in vocational skills, gaining a number of honours including being named as a national role model teacher. He mentored(指导) seven nationallevel technique experts and a team of 14 technique masters. One of his students, Guo Jinpeng, who graduated from the institute in 2007, became a college teacher at the Chengdu Auto Vocational and Technical School and was named as a national role model teacher in 2019．
Li's nomination as one of the “2022 most beautiful teachers” reflects that China is focusing on the importance of vocational education and aims to foster(培养) more leading personnel with the spirit of craftsmanship in the manufacturing industry.
At an international vocational and technical education conference in Tianjin in August 2022, Li noted that there is no difference between vocational education and ordinary education, and vocational education is not secondary nor should it ever be treated as less than ordinary education. “Vocational education has the mission of fostering a quality workforce and technical experts for the country. The hardworking spirit is the key to building any ordinary people into leading personnel，” he said.
Li joined the institute in 1993 and later founded a machinery engineering practice centre, providing free training to 7，500 people a week. In 2015, he led a team of teachers to work for 40 days to repair 124 machine tools in the centre. Li has devoted himself to building the country's first additive manufacturing technique and application centre at the institute to satisfy the thirst for the country's human resources in 3D printing.
1．Why does the author mention Guo Jinpeng in Paragraph 2
A．To make a comparison with Li Jianguo.
B．To show the achievements of Li Jianguo.
C．To praise nationallevel technique experts.
D．To publicise national role model teachers.
2．What is Li's opinion about vocational education
A．It is a good way of winning awards.
B．It is not as good as ordinary education.
C．It should develop qualified and skilled talents.
D．It has nothing to do with hardworking spirit.
3．Which of the following best describes Li's job at the institute
A．Boring.
B．Wellpaid.
C．Difficult.
D．Creative.
4．What is the best title for the text
A．China Sponsoring Annual Award for Teachers
B．China Aiming to Develop More Leading Personnel
C．Different Education Training Different Kinds of Students
D．A Vocational Teacher Being Awarded as One of the “Most Beautiful Teachers”
第二部分：强化训练 B
Passage 13
(2024·浙江宁波摸底)As you walk around the UK in March, you might notice that some people are wearing a daffodil(水仙花) on their coats. The British wear these yellow flowers to show they support one of this country's bestknown charities: the Marie Curie Cancer Care.
The Marie Curie Cancer Care tries to ensure everyone diagnosed with cancer is cared for in the best possible way. It also helps fund research into possible cures through other organisations. Founded in 1948, it has been continuing with its goal ever since.
The charity was named after Marie Curie, a renowned scientist. She experimented with newlydiscovered elements to create the theory of radioactivity. Unfortunately, overexposure to the radioactive elements made her develop a disease and die in 1934. Marie Curie won the Nobel Prize in two different fields. Because of her pioneering work which led to chemotherapy(化学疗法), the charity shared the name of Marie Curie.
The daffodil is one of the first plants to flower during spring in the UK, which marks the return of flowering plants to the ecosystem after winter. Because of this, the charity uses the daffodil as a metaphor for bringing life to other people through charitable giving.
Everyone you see wearing a daffodil has donated money to the charity, but each daffodil is worth only what you want to pay for it. The charity does ask that you stick to a minimum amount of ￡1.
The charity encourages people to start wearing their daffodils at the start of March, when the “Great Daffodil Appeal” kicks off. But that doesn't mean you can only wear them in March. People are sometimes seen walking around with daffodils on their clothes all year round.
5．What does it mean when the British wear a daffodil on their coats
A．They support a charity.
B．They are recovering from cancer.
C．They've been helped by a charity.
D．They've been diagnosed with cancer.
6．What does the underlined word “renowned” in Paragraph 3 mean
A．Beautiful. B．Modest. C．Famous. D．Humorous.
7．Why was the charity named after Marie Curie
A．Because patients required that.
B．Because it was launched by her.
C．Because she greatly supported it.
D．Because it could show respect for her.
8．What can we learn about the daffodil from the text
A．It can be used as medicine.
B．It's thought to stand for hope.
C．It's widely worn worldwide.
D．It's sold to the wearers at a high price.
Passage 14
（2023上·上海·高三上海市进才中学校考阶段练习）
HKUWW Undergraduate Student Exchange-Programme
The HKU Worldwide Undergraduate Student Exchange Programme (HKUWW) provides exchange places from partner institutions (or host institutions) of the University for one or two semester(s). Applications to HKUWW should be made via the International Affairs Office (IAO). After an HKUWW applicant has been offered a place at a particular host, institution, the applicant will be nominated by IAO to the host institution and instructed to submit an application to the institution for admission to the exchange programme.
Apply Now!
The application starts on April 28, 2023
Eligibility Criteria (合格标准)
1.Non-final year students:
a) those enrolling in the second-to-last or last semester in the current year are NOT allowed to apply；
and
b) Year 2 or above students will be given higher placement priority than Year 1 students
2.Not joined any previous semester exchange programmes or special visiting programmes organized by IAO, faculties or departments
3.Good academic standing:
a) students with a CGPA of 3.0 or above have a relatively higher chance of getting a placement in the programme
b) have at least a TOEFL score of 80 or an IELTS overall score of 6.5
4.Supported by the applicant’s faculty
5.Outgoing and eager to meet new challenges
6.Ready to be an ambassador of HKU
7.Willing to share exchange experiences after the study
Exchange Placement
All applications are reviewed carefully according to students' academic performance, personal statement English proficiency level, major as well as the host institutions' requirements.
● Student who receives an offer from HKU Worldwide Student Exchange Programme should indicate on the system whether he/she accepts or declines the exchange offer.
● Student who receives an offer from the Faculty/Department should accept the offer through the respective Faculty/Department.
How to Accept the Exchange Offer
Step 1-Pay HK$ 2,000 Deposit
1.Follow Deposit Payment Instructions to pay the HK$ 2, 000 deposit
·Remember to save the payment proof
·Bank drafts or personal cheques are not acceptable
2.No refund can be arranged if students withdraw from programme safer acceptance
Step 2-Read the Letter of Acceptance and Fill in Reply Slip
1.Read the Letter of Acceptance carefully
2.Complete Reply Slip (Page 4)
·Check and make sure all personal information is submitted accurately
·Type-written electronic signature is not acceptable
Step 3-Accept Offer through the Application System
1.Login to the Outgoing Application System and choose the correct application.
2.Upload the file (Letter of Acceptance) to the system
3.On the system, click “Accept” the green button to accept the offer
28．The passage is most likely to be taken from .
A．a travel magazine B．an advertising leaflet
C．a college website D．an application system
29．Who might be eligible for the HKU WW programme
A．Vicky, who has prior experience with IAO to Australia with good academic placement.
B．Shawn, an enthusiastic extrovert who has contributed to the school for the past 4 years.
C．Beth, who is thrilled about foreign culture despite undesirable academic performance.
D．Ron, a dedicated student councilmember with recommendation from faculty staff.
30．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．Applicants should prepare in advance the required sum of deposit in the form of cheques.
B．As long as an applicant is offered a place at an institution, his offer will be secured.
C．A student with a CGPA of 3.5 and a TOEFL score of 95 is sure to get a placement.
D．To receive an offer an applicant has to go through several steps and pay a deposit

Passage 15
（2023上·上海·高三上海市育才中学校考一模）About Mobile Phone Sterilizer:
Do you know there are more bacteria on the phone than on the toilet seat cover, toilet doorhandle, and shopping mall counters The survey shows there are 120,000 bacteria per square centimeter of the mobile phone, which can cause pneumonia, respiratory diseases, and other unknown countless types of bacteria harmful to the human body. It is obvious that the breeding of bacteria is almost inevitable if the phone is not cleaned in time with professional phone sterilization tools.
To protect your health, our company develops this multifunctional mobile phone sterilizer to reduce the bacteria of phones. The mobile phone sterilizer is a patented green item, especially suitable for iPhone & Samsung.
Characters:
Disinfection quickly: within six minutes
Disinfection completely: more than 99.9% bacteria are eliminated
Disinfection widely: by the ways of ultraviolet and ozone
Universal application: Suitable for various types and sizes of phones, and digital products,jewelry accessories, etc.
Convenient to use: the product is compact and lightweight, portable use at home, in the office and out for travel
Security: 5 voltage power supply, enhance product safety
How to use:
Connect phone sterilizer with power by USB line and charger;
Put the phone into the case, and close the lid tightly;
Turn on ON/OFF button, and the power light will work;
Turn on sterilization button, and working light will work. After six minutes, sterilization will stop automatically.
Routine Care:
Please remove the batteries when not using the product for a long time.
Do not place it directly in damp condition or in the sun.
Please put it in ventilated and dry environment.
Do not crack or extrude(挤压).
After-sales Services:
1. Service promise: six months guarantee from the original date of purchase.
2. Warranty:
Electrical fault caused by non-artificial reason
Loss of function caused by non-artificial reason
Product appearance problems after using, no warranty
Accessories and package problems after using, no warranty
Any fault caused by artificial crack or damage, no warranty
Any fault caused by artificial disassembling, no warranty
Any fault caused by using it in abnormal conditions, no warranty
19．The Mobile Phone Sterilizer is a device used to ________.
A．charge your mobile phone B．protect your mobile phone
C．remove bacteria from your mobile phone D．repair your mobile phone
20．The following are the features of the Mobile Phone Sterilizer except that ________.
A．it is convenient to be carried B．it needs an extra 5 voltage power supply
C．it is environmentally friendly D．most of the bacteria can be killed by it
21．Which of the following is true according to the passage
A．The toilet seat cover has more bacteria than the mobile phone.
B．You needn’t separate the batteries from the Sterilizer if it’s not used for long.
C．You don’t have to press the OFF button when sterilization is over.
D．The Mobile Phone Sterilizer is only suitable for iPhone & Samsung.
Passage 16
（2024·北京东城·二模）Mark Brown, 57, had been making films for 30 years, but he found himself feeling tired of it. “I thought, things can only go downhill.” Brown knew he needed to do something else — but what A few years earlier, he had bought his childhood house and moved in. While Brown wondered about a second care er in gardening, he heard a different internal voice. “That child who used to love drawing whispered to me down the years,” he said. Some unacknowledged longing in him was brought out.
There was a great oak tree near his home. It had stood out to his young self as a “fantastical giant — a treasure home to birds, insects and animals. There was a cave inside. We used to squeeze in through this hole.” He decided to lock himself away for two months to draw it in all its glorious detail.
“While I was drawing,” he said, “there came moments when it was as though the tree was drawing itself. I had spent so much time playing in it. I could feel it. It was deep inside me.” His finished oak held “a real power”, he said. “As you walk towards it, it just grows.” Brown became a tree portraitist.
Over the next few years, he travelled across Britain and spent days with the trees selected with the help of the Ancient Tree Forum, the Tree Council and the Woodland Trust. Brown has started work on a 20-drawing series of Britain’s most important ash trees. “These beautiful old ash trees are going to be lost to us,” he says. “They are 350 years old and they are dying because of a disease that we’ve spread.”
Drawing is not only an act of care and a demand for preservation, but it “gives me that interface between my passion for the natural world and my creativity,” Brown says. It has also given him a different perspective on the passage of time. “I’m an old man yet I’m only 71, and some of the trees I’ve drawn are 1,000 years old. When I’m with them and when I draw them, I think about the end of my life and the brief nature of human life that passes momentarily beneath them.”
37．At the age of 57, Brown ______.
A．moved into his old house B．awakened a childhood interest
C．reached the peak of his life D．developed a passion for gardening
38．What can we learn about the oak tree and Brown
A．It helped him start a new career. B．It linked him with the world.
C．He built a tree house in it. D．He studied creatures in it.
39．What is Brown working on
A．Setting up tree organizations. B．Looking for cures for tree diseases.
C．Drawing to call for protection for trees. D．Travelling to select important trees in Britain.
40．When Brown is with trees, he feels that ______.
A．time is endless B．human life is temporary
C．nature is dynamic D．life-long learning is crucial
答案+解析
第一部分：强化训练 A
- Passage 1
- 1. C。解析：“I was a good opponent for him. I don't think he expected it.”这句话的意思是Daniels和Williams下棋时，Williams给Daniels带来了很大的挑战，Daniels赢得很艰难。
- 2. D。解析：根据第二段“Volunteers of young ages offer critical resources to older adults, in services specific to the person's needs and interests, with the ultimate goal of lessening loneliness of the old.”以及后面的内容可知，DOROT的目的是为老年人提供跨代联系。
- 3. D。解析：第三段主要讲述了孤独被认为是一个重大的社会问题，近年来孤独被归类为流行病，英国政府还任命了孤独大臣，这体现了对孤独问题越来越多的关注。
- 4. A。解析：本文主要讲述了通过组织DOROT促进跨代联系来对抗孤独这一社会问题，最有可能来自报纸的“社会观察”板块。
- Passage 2
- 1. C。解析：第二段提到的数据是为了说明气候变化可能导致全球农作物产量下降，同时未来几十年粮食需求急剧增加，世界将面临粮食价格快速上涨的新时代，这将使近20亿人陷入饥饿，呈现了气候危机的严重后果。
- 2. A。解析：根据第三段“Facing the scary predictions, farmers have begun to adapt. On Brown's farm, she's experimenting with regenerative-farming practices better suited to drought. She's exploring alternatives to traditional methods that don't push the land as hard.”可知，农民们对这些预测的反应是探索替代的农业实践。
- 3. B。解析：根据第四段“With drought hitting California, Fritz Durst is working to trap water. He's boarded up pipes to hold the rain that does fall.”可知，Fritz Durst通过采取蓄水的方法来应对加利福尼亚的干旱。
- 4. C。解析：根据最后一段“One of the biggest challenges for farmers is that there is currently no access to funds that would be critical to undertake the kind of massive transformation.”可知，对转型至关重要的是为农民提供获得资金的途径。
- Passage 3
- 1. D。解析：根据第二段“As he developed a love of cooking, which saw him move to Minneapolis to study Japanese and French cuisines, Sherman realised he didn't know indigenous recipes.”可知，Sherman在明尼阿波利斯时意识到他不知道他的拉科塔祖先的烹饪方法和食材。
- 2. C。解析：根据第四段“After publishing the book, Sherman opened his restaurant, Owamni, in Minneapolis and created the North American Traditional Indigenous Food Systems(NATIFS). It is a professional indigenous kitchen and training centre that seeks to create an educational space for native chefs to be trained and develop their skills, and reconnect with their cooking heritage.”可知，Sherman建立NATIFS中心是为了培训和帮助当地厨师烹饪当地食物。
- 3. A。解析：根据第五段“For indigenous people who went through very strong assimilation(同化现象), we lost a lot of our food culture”可知，Sherman认为他的本土烹饪文化面临的一个问题是强烈的同化现象。
- 4. D。解析：文章主要介绍了Sean Sherman致力于重新连接北美当地人与本土风味和食材，并努力激励一代本土厨师重新找回他们的烹饪历史，D选项“Local Recipes: Food Culture Preserved”（本地食谱：保存食物文化）最适合做标题。
- Passage 4
- 5. D。解析：根据第三段“To investigate, Deniz Kumral at the University of Freiburg, Germany, and her colleagues asked 20 people to listen to different audiobooks just before they went to sleep.”可知，研究人员让参与者在睡觉前听有声书。
- 6. D。解析：根据第二段“It has been suggested that dreams may reflect this reactivation, but exactly how is unclear. To investigate, Deniz Kumral at the University of Freiburg, Germany, and her colleagues asked 20 people to listen to different audiobooks just before they went to sleep.”可知，Deniz Kumral和她的同事做这项研究是为了调查梦是如何重现电活动模式的。
- 7. B。解析：根据最后一段“Daytime experiences are rarely replayed as experienced, but are almost always modified or surface in different contexts”可知，这里的“modified”是“改变”的意思。
- 8. D。解析：文章主要讲述了睡觉前听有声书会影响人的大脑活动和梦境内容，D选项“Listening to audiobooks before bed shaping one's dream”（睡前听有声书塑造一个人的梦）最能概括文章主旨。
- Passage 5
- 5. B。解析：根据第三段“Instead, we learnt the contrary, as we found that rain in the dry core of the Atacama Desert caused a massive extinction of most native microbe(微生物) species there，” said study co-author Alberto Fairén.可知，科学家们对他们的发现感到惊讶。
- 6. C。解析：根据第四段“The extinction event, believed to have been about 85 percent of life in the soil, was caused by the sudden influx of water.”可知，这里的“influx”是“流入”的意思。
- 7. D。解析：根据最后一段“But it's not all bad news. The team also found nitrates(硝酸盐) in the Atacama Desert that were indicative of a lengthy dry period, while also acting as food for the microbes. And we've recently found nitrates on Mars, which could be indicating a similar process there.”可知，这个发现给相关研究带来了一些希望。
- 8. A。解析：文章主要讲述了阿塔卡马沙漠几百年后下雨，本以为会看到生命的繁荣，结果却几乎所有的生命都死亡了，A选项“Unexpected Rainfalls Hit a Desert Badly”（意外的降雨严重打击了沙漠）最适合做标题。
- Passage 6
- 5. D。解析：根据第二段“We intentionally focused on low-wage families, as they generally receive far less attention in the work-family literature while facing some of the greatest challenges. We, therefore, could get more authentic data.”可知，研究选择低工资家庭是为了使研究更有说服力。
- 6. B。解析：根据第四段“Some organisations tend to focus on high-level policy changes such as flexible scheduling options, more paid leave, etc.”可知，一些组织通常特别关注政策。
- 7. B。解析：根据第四段“That means employers should give employees the time and space to share their experiences and ideas. In this way, employers will ensure workers feel buoyant in their daily work. The workers will feel bright and lively, enjoying more autonomy and respect.”可知，这里的“buoyant”是“愉快的”意思。
- 8. A。解析：文章主要讲述了父母的工作经历对孩子的发展有影响，A选项“Parents' Experience at Work Impacts Their Children”（父母的工作经历影响他们的孩子）最适合做标题。
- Passage 7
- 5. B。解析：根据第二段“We found that plants usually emit(发出) sounds when they are under stress and that each plant and each type of stress is associated with a specific identifiable sound”可知，以色列特拉维夫大学的研究人员发现植物在压力下会发出声音。
- 6. A。解析：第三段主要讲述了脱水和叶子受损等压力源会使植物发出高音调的叫声，压力越大，植物发出信号的频率就越高，展示了压力对植物的影响。
- 7. D。解析：根据第四段“They then fed the data into an artificial intelligence programme that could tell the difference between the species of plant and the types of sounds produced.”可知，人工智能程序被用于分析收集到的植物声音。
- 8. A。解析：根据最后一段“Doing so, researchers noted, may allow farmers to judge exactly when and where to water crops, saving water, increasing harvests, and lowering stress for both plants and humankind.”可知，这项研究具有实际价值。
- Passage 8
- 5. A。解析：根据第三段“Some have the mindset that it's bad or it's cheap, but that's not the case anymore.”可知，对中国咖啡豆的一种误解是它们质量差。
- 6. B。解析：根据第五段“Farmers in China have grown tea for more than 3,000 years, but coffee has been grown there for only about a century in small quantities, with an uptick in the 1980s with government involvement.”可知，这里的“uptick”是“增加”的意思。
- 7. C。解析：根据最后一段“To further connect with the community, Gao hopes to one day host classes for interactive how-to events. After all, she says, the Yunnan coffee tastes excellent when made in one's own kitchen with a pour-over system and she hopes it's only a matter of time before home specialty coffee enthusiasts catch on too.”可知，Sherry Gao希望将来教人们在家里制作中国咖啡。
- 8. D。解析：文章主要讲述了中国云南咖啡的发展以及Sherry Gao的咖啡摊，可能出现在报纸的商业板块。
第二部分：强化训练 B
Passage 13
- 5. A。解析：根据第一段“As you walk around the UK in March, you might notice that some people are wearing a daffodil(水仙花) on their coats. The British wear these yellow flowers to show they support one of this country's best-known charities: the Marie Curie Cancer Care.”可知，英国人在他们的外套上戴水仙花意味着他们支持一个慈善机构。
- 6. C。解析：“renowned”意为“著名的”，与“famous”意思相近。
- 7. D。解析：根据第三段“The charity was named after Marie Curie, a renowned scientist. She experimented with newly-discovered elements to create the theory of radioactivity. Unfortunately, over-exposure to the radioactive elements made her develop a disease and die in 1934. Marie Curie won the Nobel Prize in two different fields. Because of her pioneering work which led to chemotherapy(化学疗法), the charity shared the name of Marie Curie.”可知，这个慈善机构以玛丽·居里的名字命名是为了表达对她的敬意。
- 8. B。解析：根据第四段“Because of this, the charity uses the daffodil as a metaphor for bringing life to other people through charitable giving.”可知，水仙花被视为带来生命和希望的象征。
Passage 14
- 28. C。解析：本文主要介绍了香港大学全球本科生交换计划，包括申请时间、合格标准、交换安排以及如何接受交换邀请等内容，最有可能来自大学的网站。
- 29. D。解析：根据合格标准，非毕业班学生、未参加过国际事务办公室、学院或系组织的以前的学期交换计划或特别访问计划、成绩良好、有学院支持、外向且渴望迎接新挑战、愿意成为香港大学的大使、愿意在学习后分享交流经验的学生有资格申请该计划，D 选项中 Ron 是一个敬业的学生会成员且有学院工作人员的推荐，符合要求。
- 30. D。解析：根据文章内容，要获得交换邀请，申请人必须经过几个步骤，包括提交申请、满足合格标准、支付 2000 港元押金等。A 选项中银行汇票或个人支票是不可接受的；B 选项中即使收到机构的邀请，也需要按照要求接受邀请才能确保交换机会；C 选项中成绩和英语水平高只是有相对较高的机会获得名额，但不是一定能获得。
Passage 15
- 19. C。解析：根据文章内容可知，手机消毒器是用来去除手机上的细菌的。
- 20. B。解析：文中提到手机消毒器具有消毒快速、消毒彻底、消毒广泛、通用、便于使用、安全等特点，但并没有提到它需要额外的 5 伏电源供应是其特点。
- 21. C。解析：根据“How to use”部分可知，消毒六分钟后会自动停止，无需按下关闭按钮。A 选项中手机上的细菌比马桶座盖、厕所门把手和购物中心柜台更多；B 选项中如果长时间不使用产品，请取出电池；D 选项中手机消毒器适用于各种类型和尺寸的手机以及数码产品、珠宝配件等。
Passage 16
- 37. B。解析：57 岁的 Mark Brown 在听到内心那个曾经热爱画画的孩子的声音后，唤醒了童年的兴趣。
- 38. A。解析：那棵橡树帮助他开启了新的职业生涯，成为了一名树肖像画家。
- 39. C。解析：Brown 正在绘制英国最重要的白蜡树系列，通过绘画呼吁对树木的保护。
- 40. B。解析：当 Brown 和树在一起时，他觉得人类的生命是短暂的。