2023届高三英语专项复习 七选五策略Gap-filling课件（共27张PPT）

(共27张PPT)
Gap-filling
年份 试卷 体裁 主题 文长 设题位置及题数 段首 （小标题） 段中 段尾
2022 新高考Ⅰ卷 说明文 人际交往 252 0 4 1
新高考Ⅱ卷 说明文 生活学习 238 1 4 0
2021 新高考Ⅰ卷 夹叙夹议 历史文化 274 1 4 0
新高考Ⅱ卷 说明文 生活学习 288 1 2 2
2020 新高考Ⅰ卷 说明文 生活学习 233 1 3 1
新高考Ⅱ卷 说明文 健康生活 234 2 2 1
2020-2022年七选五考查情况分析
clear passage structure
typical logical linking
对文章的整体内容、结构和上下文的逻辑关系。
考查维度：篇（上下文逻辑结构）、段（段落结构 / 待填句在段中的位置作用）、句（句间逻辑 / 衔接手段）
待选项：
概括性句子（段落、篇章整体内容）
过渡性句子（文章结构）
注释性句子（前后文逻辑）
七选五考的考察重点
1.析篇章结构
Typical structures of a passage:
总-分 总-分-总 分-总 顺叙/递进
Text 1: ①If the only reading you ever do is the novel or magazine, the speed at which you read -probably does not matter very much. But if you have to read a great deal for study, you will appreciate the benefits of being able to read more quickly. ____36____
②·Before you open the book, make sure that you are comfortable...
③· ____38____ Look at the table of contents, the preface, the chapter heading,etc.This will help you to decide whether you really need to read the whole book...
④·If you decide that you need to read the whole book, decide how much you can read at a time... (2021年新高考II卷)
A. Stop to have a rest now and then.
B. Spend a few minutes looking through the book.
D. Here are some tips to help improve your reading speed.
F. You may find yourself having to learn something by heart.
析篇章结构
说明文：语篇—总分
introduction
3 tips
析篇章结构
Text 1: ①If the only reading you ever do is the novel or magazine, the speed at which you read -probably does not matter very much. But if you have to read a great deal for study, you will appreciate the benefits of being able to read more quickly. ____36__
②·Before you open the book, make sure that you are comfortable...
③· ____38____ Look at the table of contents, the preface, the chapter heading,etc.This will help you to decide whether you really need to read the whole book...
④·If you decide that you need to read the whole book, decide how much you can read at a time... (2021年新高考II卷)
A. Stop to have a rest now and then.
B. Spend a few minutes looking through the book.
D. Here are some tips to help improve your reading speed.
F. You may find yourself having to learn something by heart.
说明文：语篇—总分
introduction
3 tips
D
B
Text 2: ①According to Jessica Hagy, author of How to Be Interesting, it’s not difficult to make yourself interesting at a dinner party.
②…
③___38___ If you can’t take their wine away, you should certainly try to take away their soapbox （讲台）. If you’re the host, you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them from the situation...
④And what about that other dinner-party killer: awkward silence If you’re faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party, the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment（赞扬）…
⑤So being interesting at a dinner party isn’t that hard.
A. How do you know the host
B. The first step is to go exploring
D. Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangers
F. What about that person who had too much to drink or won’t stop talking
析篇章结构
说明文：语篇—总分总
F
整体理解语篇，理清文章结构，利用跨段信息
段落一般由：主题句（topic sentence），支撑句（supporting sentence） 和结论句（concluding sentence）构成；
段落内的层次主要是通过句子与句子间的逻辑衔接构成。
小结1：
2.段落的构成
　　句子在段落中的位置不同,所起的作用也不同。
一般来说,在段首设空主要考查主题句和过渡句。
1.主题句
常以段落小标题或段落主题句的形式出现。
设空出现在段首,通常为主题句,其后的句子是对该空的解读,可以利用本段
同义词或相关词汇,推测主题句。
1)段首题
(2022·全国乙卷片段)
·Practise empathy (共情)
...
·39.　　　
Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships.
Although technology might make day-to-day communication possible,extra effort goes a long way on special days.Simply keeping a diary that keeps track of friends' birthdays and other important dates will make sure nothing slips by you.
·Don't rely on technology alone
40.　F　,but long-distance friendships—even close ones—may require more conscious effort to sustain.Try to seek out chances to renew friendships.How to do it Just spend face-to-face time together whenever possible.
A.Remember important dates
B.Compensate by writing letters
D.Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it
F.It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media
(2021·全国甲卷片段)
·Invite 5-10 people so you have a nice selection.37.　A　,and there may not be enough things to choose from;more than that,and it becomes uncontrollable.
·38.　　　.They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their “new” clothes home.
A.Less people than that
D.Just keep music playing throughout
E.Donate whatever clothes are left over
F.Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots
G.Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition
2.过渡句 当非首段的第一句设空时,设空处也有可能是承上启下的过渡句。
(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ卷片段)
Parisians are different from you and me.They never look lazy or untidy.As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago,they eat great food and never gain weight.38.　G　 French strawberries do not taste like cardboard.Instead,they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs.
39.　　　 On our first morning in Paris,I went around the corner to the food market to pick up some groceries.I bought a handful of perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little sweet melon.My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten.But they cost $18!
B.The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
D.The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E.That's not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
G.The food is so delicious that you don't need much of it to make you happy.
瞻前顾后,巧解过渡句
· 细节句和过渡句
·分析空格前后的逻辑关系及内容连贯性,注意各句间衔接手段
·注重上下文语句、词汇或短语提示,结合文章整体结构特点确定选项
做题技巧:逻辑关系、句意复现和代词指代
逻辑关系要注意连接词语的意思;
句意复现主要是上下句的句意一致,这点对解题很重要;
代词指代要辨清句中的代词代指的是哪个具体的词或词组
2)段中题
logic signpost
并列/递进 listing / addition and, firstly,secondly,next,then,not only... but (also),
neither...nor, either...or...,for one thing...for another, as well, also, too, besides,moreover, what’s more, even, furthermore, once again, worse still， in addition
对比/转折 comparison / contrast on the contrary,by contrast,by comparison
but, yet, however, nervertheless, still, whereas,while,although / (even) though / even if, on the contrary, opposite
例证 example for instance, for example, such as, as follows,like
条件 condition as long as on condition that,unless,if
解释 explanation that is, namely, in other words, to put it simply, that is to say
因/果 cause / effect because, since, for, now that, as, given that, for fear that,
in that, because of / due to / owing to, so/such...that, hence, thus, therefore, then, as a consequence / result,consequently
(2022 ·全国甲卷片段)
Hands or Utensils (餐具)
In India and the Middle East,it's considered very rude to eat with your left hand.People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand.
38.______,instead preferring to use their hands.In Chile,you may never touch any food with your fingers.People in Thailand generally use their forks only to push food onto their spoons.
C.Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils
D.Don't get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
E.It's a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate
（2022年 潍坊模拟）
①5G mobile technology has officially been rolled out across the globe, which indicates a dynamic acceleration in our world of connectivity. ②It promotes operational cooperation tourism hasn’t experienced before. 36___ ③This is perceived from both the way the industry operates and the side of the traveler.
A. It also transforms the travel experience.
B.5G offers significant security guarantee definitely.
F.5G opens up a new way of accessing information and delivering
business value.
小结1：
（2020年山东卷）
①People want to listen to someone who is interesting, relaxed and comfortable. ②Too often when you stand up to give a speech, you focus on the “public” at the expense of the” speaking. “ ___37___ ③Focus on the speaking. Talk directly to your audience, be yourself and make a connection.
A. Do the opposite.
D. When it comes to public speaking, less is usually more.
小结1：
(2022年 保定模拟)
①Also known as urban skating, free skating is set in an urban setting and participants must travel through streets and travel around any obstacles as fast as possible in order to reach the finish.___38___ ②Jumps, slides and grinds are basic tricks freestyle skaters often use.
A. Each style requires different equipment.
F. Free skating is a type about getting from start to finish as fast as possible .
G. In addition to emphasizing speed, free skating often includes different tricks .
小结1：
(2019年 全国II）
①Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives, keeping in mind your beliefs, values and strengths. ②Remember that goals are flexible. ___39___.
A. This can affect your work.
C. However, this should not discourage you.
E. They can change according to circumstance.
小结1：
（2021年新高考I卷）
①My husband and I just spent a week in Paris.____36____②So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard. ③It was so tiny that we had to leave our suitcases in the hallway.
B. The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
F. Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G. The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy.
(2022·全国乙卷片段)
·More isn't always merrier
Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted and what method works best for you both.
37.　　　.There are alternatives to constant written communication,such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat.
C.It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper
D.Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it
E.Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication
一篇文章就是一个有机整体,其内部各部分之间句意是紧密联系的。
着重翻译空前空后的两句,然后再加上选项句意,使这三句话句意顺畅。
当然句中的关键词要翻译准确,千万不要凭空想象句意。
(2022·浙江1月片段)
·Combine your activities.
Many people go crazy trying to figure out how to spend time with friends,family,
work,play,etc.33.　　　 Find ways to enjoy them in a combined manner.Build your social life around people in your work environment.Find people in your company who share common interests and develop your career (职业) around the people and activities you love.
C.Stop trying to balance time between them all.
D.Make choices about what is meaningful in your life.
F.Perhaps these tips will help you make the most of your time.
我们要保持对代词的敏感,找出代词,分析和研究,从而迅速锁定正确选项。
常见的代词有:人称代词he,she,it,they等;指示代词 this,that,those等;
不定代词some,all,both等。
1.总结句 (2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷片段)
My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park.Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do,how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session,and her age.It also listed her favorite sports and activities,and provided her phone number.39.　　　
C.You’ll work harder if you train with someone else.
F.Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other.
G.Any notice for a training partner should include such information.
3)段尾题
当设空处在段尾时,通常是结论性、概括性语句,是对上文的概括总结。
快速浏览七个备选项,注意选项中是否出现表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词,如 so,therefore,as a result,in short,in a word,all in all等词或短语,快速缩小选择范围,再根据段落主题一致性原则进行判断,从而确定正确选项。
2.段落过渡句 (2021·浙江1月片段)
You run into the grocery store to pick up one bottle of water.You get what you need,head to the front,and choose the line that looks fastest.
You chose wrong.People who you swear got in other lines long after you are already checked out and off to the parking lot.31.　　
It turns out,it's just math working against you;chances are,the other line really is faster.
A.Why does this always seem to happen to you
B.So why don't most places encourage serpentine lines
当设空在非尾段的段末时,也有可能是考查承上启下的过渡句。
首先可以关注表示逻辑关系的衔接词,再结合词汇复现等原则进行答案的选择。