课件10张PPT。Using language
课前预习;
1. to blame 2. Being exposed 3. examined 4. attending 5. are
课内探究:
CBDAC Important sentences in the text.
1. Although he had tried to ignore them, all his mathematical calculations led to the same conclusion: that the earth was not the centre of the solar system.
虽然他曾经试着不去理睬那些数字，然而他所有的计算都得出同样一个结论：地球不是太阳系的中心。
⑴这是一个复合句；although引导_____________, that引导______________从句。
⑵____________________导致；通向
The government's present course will only ____________disaster. 政府现行方针后患无穷.
②All roads ___________________ Rome. 条条大路通罗马。
③The discovery of the new evidence led to ______.
A. the thief having caught B. catch the thief C. the thief being caught D. the thief to be caught 让步状语从句同位语从句lead tolead toC
lead to2. Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才会有意义。
句法分析这是一个__________句，构成该句式的前提条件是：___________________________. 句子要用不完全倒装，也就是把助动词或情态动词提前，句子中把助动词did提前，正常的语序应该是：The movements of the other planets in the sky made sense only if you put the sun there.
◆_____________________有意义；讲得通
① Does it_____________________to let children play with matches?让小孩玩火柴有意义吗？
② This sentence______________________________. 这个句子没有意义。倒装if +状语放在句首make sensemake sensemakes no sense③It ______ to chat online all day long. You’d better do something else.
A. makes no sense B. makes no difference C. makes sense D. makes difference
④Only in this way ___work out the maths problem只有用这种方法我们才能做出这道数学题。
Acan we3. Yet he could not tell anyone about his theory as the powerful Christian Church
would have punished him for even suggesting such an idea.
句法分析Would have done表示对过去的某种情况进行猜测, 或本来要做某事却未做成.
2) 相关知识总结:
needn’t have + done，没必要做某事却做了…should have + done，本应该做某事却没做… …”
should not have + done，本不应该做某事却做了…”
couldn’t have done 不可能干了某事，表示对过去情况的否定推测
Ex: I guess the poet________ about 20 when she wrote her first poem.
A. would have been B. needn’t have been C. should have been D must have doneD4. The Christian Church rejected his theory, saying it was against God’s idea and people who supported it would be attacked.基督教会不接受他的理论，他们说这违背了教会意志而且所有支持这一观点的人都要受到攻击。
句法分析 saying是现在分词在句中作____,who引导_______从句. ▲reject vt.________
① The board _____________all our ideas. 董事会拒绝了我们的所有想法。
② All apples with soft spots ___________________.所有带软斑点的苹果都被剔除了。状语定语从句反对；拒绝；
删除rejectedare rejected
5．文章中出现的As意思辨析：
① Yet he could not tell anyone about his theory as the powerful Christian Church would have punished him for even suggesting such and idea. (________________)
② He also suggested that the earth was spinning as it went round the sun. (________________)
③ His theory replaced the Christian idea of gravity, which said things fell to earth because God created the earth as the centre of the universe. (_____________________)
④He only published it as he lay dying in 1543. (_____________________)conj。因为conj. .当、、、、时候prep.作为conj.当、、、、时候课后巩固：ADBDD CAB课件12张PPT。 过去分词是非谓语动词的一种兼有动词、形容词或副词的特征，可在句中充当定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语。过去分词通常与逻辑主语之间存在被动关系，表示被动和完成。Unit1 Great scientists (Grammar)
--- 过去分词作定语和表语一、过去分词作定语
1、 过去分词作定语时的意义
①不及物动词的过去分词作定语，只表示动作的完成，不表示被动意义。
Eg: fallen leaves 落叶returned students归国留学生newly-arrived visitors新到的客人
②及物动词的过去分词作定语，表示被动或动作的完成。(与所修饰的词是一种动宾的逻辑关系)
an honored guest 一位受尊敬的客人
the cold boiled water 冷开水
a developed country 发达国家
the question discussed yesterday昨天讨论的问题2. 过去分词作定语的位置
①单个过去分词作定语，通常放在所修饰的名词之前。
Eg: a respected leader, a recently-built house, home-grown vegetables,
②过去分词短语作定语，通常放在所修饰的名词之后，其作用相当于一个定语从句。
He is a respected leader。
= He is a leader who is respected.点津:
(1)有些过去分词表示特定含义时，单个分词作定语也放在所修饰词之后，如left（剩余的），concerned（有关的）, given（所给的）。
There is little time left. Let’s hurry up.
(2)过去分词修饰代词时，应后置。
He is one of those invited.
(3)过去分词可作非限制性定语，用于补充说明被修饰词的情况，前面用逗号隔开。
A girl, dressed like a student, came in and sat beside me. 当堂检测：
①How I regretted the hours ______________
我多懊悔在树林浪费的时光啊
②I like wearing clothes__________________
我喜欢穿这种布料做的衣服。
③The books_______________ are popular．
鲁迅写的书很受欢迎.
④We’ll go to visit the bridge_____________
我们要去看那座建于几百年前的桥。 wasted in the woods made of this kind of cloth written by Luxun built hundreds of years ago二、过去分词作表语
1. 过去分词可放在系动词be, get, feel, remain, seem, looked, become等后作表语，表示主语所处的状态。
Eg. Everyone present is very inspired at his speech.
听了他的发言,在场的所有人都很振奋。
You seem frightened. 你似乎受了惊吓。
2. 过去分词作表语，多表示人自身的感觉或事物自身的状态,常译为“感到……的” 。
He became discouraged. 他泄气了。
The situation proves encouraging. 形势是令人鼓舞的。常用来作表语的过去分词有：excited，astonished，delighted，disappointed，encouraged，frightened，interested，moved，pleased，tired，satisfied，puzzled，worried，shocked等。
有的已成为固定搭配 ：
be covered with________________
be lost in thought _________________
be caught in the rain_______________
be devoted to __________________
be interested in ___________________
be absorbed in __________________
be exposed to __________________
be dressed in _____________________
be separated from_________________
be disappointed with_______________注意：现在分词做表语则多表示事物具有的特性，常译作“令人…的”。例如：The news is very exciting indeed。被……覆盖
陷入沉思
被雨淋
奉献于…
对…感兴趣
专心致志于…
暴露在…
穿着
与…分开
对..失望 当堂检测:
1. A. The result of the test was rather .
B. He was very at the result of the test. (disappoint)
2. Hearing the ________________ news, we all felt ______________(encourage)
3．你为什么总是看上很疲劳？这些日子睡得好吗？
Why do you always ____________? Do you sleep well these days?
4．我对昨晚看的电影很失望。我原以为它能好些。
I _______________________ the film I saw last night, I had expected it to be better.
5．听说那位明星死了，人人都很惊讶。
Everybody _________________to hear the death of the famous film star． disappointing disappointed encouraging encouraged look tired was disappointed with was shocked 6．要去动物园了，孩子们非常兴奋。
The children ________________ going to the zoo．
are excited about 巩固练习
一．对比练习
interested, interesting 2. excited, exciting
3. being built, built, building
二．用所给动词的适当形式填空。
bought 2. completed 3. to settle
4. carried 5. Founded 6. repaired 7. held
8. to be discussed 9. smelling 10. blamed
11. standing
三．单选
BBDDC, CACCB, DBDCC, C课件9张PPT。1. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. 但当他一想到要帮助那些得了霍乱的普通百姓时，就感到很受鼓舞。
(1)exposed to cholera是过去分词短语作____________，相当于一个定语从句___________________________。
(2)We have class in the teaching building built last year.
We have class in the teaching building ________ __________ last year.后置定语who were exposed to cholerathat/ whichwas built(3)expose vt. 暴露；揭露；使曝光 常用于固定短语______________，表示“使显露；暴露”。
They consider it almost a crime to ____________ children ______ violence and sex on TV.
(4) Potatoes turn green when _________ to light.
A. exposing B. exposed C. expose D. to expose
(5)__________________________(被暴露在太阳光下) will do great harm to our skin.
_____________________________, our skin will be burned.expose…toexposetoBeing exposed to the sunlightExposed to the sunlight2.Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. 人们既不知道其病源，也不知道它的治疗方法。
(1) She likes neither butter nor cheese.
Neither my brother nor my parents are at home.
总结：neither… nor…意为“_______________”，可连接任意两个并列的成份，表示两者都否定。当用来连接两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词的单复数遵循______________________, 除此之外还有___________________________________________; 遵循就远原则的常见结构有_________________________________________
(2)Neither the students nor the teacher _________ going to see the performance.既不……也不就近原则either…or…; not only…but also…; not…but…but; with; as well as; rather thanis3. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.
(1)本句中名词短语every time相当于一个连词，引导一个__________从句。
___________ I catch a cold, I have pain in my back. (2)总结：由time构成的可以用作连词的名词短语还有：each time(每当……的时候)；the first/ second.../ next/ last time(第一次/第二次……/下一次/上一次……的时候)
其他常见可以用作连词的词或短语:
the moment/ the minute/ the second/ immediately/ instantly 意为 “一…..就…”时间状语Every time(3) ____________ he saw Jane, she was lying in bed.上一次见到简时，她正躺在床上。
I will tell him the news _________________ I see him.一见到他我就把消息告诉他
She is an easy-going girl. ___________ you meet her, she will smile at you.
A. As B. Every time C. Since D. WhileThe last timethe moment4. A woman, who had moved away from Broad Street, liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day.
(1)这里的have是一个使役动词，意为“使；让”，后加宾语it然后跟了过去分词delivered作___________，表示这一动作与宾语之间是一种_________关系。
思考：have后还可跟哪些形式的宾语补足语？
(2) Our teacher had us hand in our homework after class.
have后跟________作宾补，表示“让某人做某事”。
(3) The cruel boss had all the workers working day and night.
have后跟______作宾补，表示“让宾语一直或总是…”。
(4)have sth to do ___________________________宾语补足语被动dodoing有……要做5. ①The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air.
②To prevent this from happening again, John Snow suggested that the source of all water supplies be examined and new methods of dealing with polluted water be found.
(1)suggest在①句中是______________的意思;
His pale face suggested that he ___________ (be) ill.
在②句中是_______的意思, 常用句型是suggest (that) sb. (should) do sth. 。
I suggested _____________________________. 戒烟。 The chairman suggested _______________________ ______________ until next week.表明，暗示was建议he (should) give up smokingthe meeting (should) beput off (2)suggest后面跟动词要用_____________形式。 Kane suggested ________________________ the airport. 凯恩提议早些出发去机场。
(3)suggest的名词是_______________， 与之相关的从句也要用虚拟语气，即________________。
He made a suggestion that we ____________________(立刻动身).
(4)(2011，江苏)The fact that so many people still smoke in public place ______ that we may need a nationwide campaign to raise awareness of the risks of smoking.
A.suggest B.suggests C.suggested D.suggestingdoingleaving early forsuggestion(should) + 动词原形should start at once一、完成句子
1. was to blame 2. polluted
3. were linked to 4. died of
5. prevent, from; be examined
6. expose; to 7. blamed; on
8. Every time 9. should be planted
10. accepted
二. DDBAD BCBAD课件20张PPT。Unit 1 Great scientistsWord spelling
Answers
1.defeated 2. suspected
3.announced 4.blaming 5.attend 6.polluted 7.contributed
8.expose 9.conclusion
II. 1. was strict with 2. put forward
3.draw a conclusion 4.make sense
5. contribute to 6.exposed to
7. are linked toUnit 1 Great ScientistsDo you know the great scientists?1.Who invented the first modern steam engine?James Watt
(瓦特)2.Who discovered radium?Madame Curie3. Who is the inventor of electric light bulb(电灯)?Thomas Edison4.Who invented the earliest instrument to tell people where earthquakes happened?Zhang Heng5.Who is the father of super hybrid rice?Yuan Longping6. Do you know who defeated “King Cholera”?John SnowJohn Snow is a well-known doctor in the 19th century in London and he defeated “King Cholera”.Do you know what kind of disease is cholera?It is a kind of terrible disease caused by drinking dirty water and it caused a lot of deaths in the old times and it was very difficult to defeat.Cholera:
It begins in the stomach and a severe case can lead to death without immediate treatment.
And the victims died very quickly from a loss of liquid after severe vomiting(呕吐) and diarrhoea(腹泻).自主学习Task I. Skimming
Read the text quickly and complete the main idea of it.
The text is mainly about ______________ and how he _______________________.John Snow defeated cholera Task II. Careful reading
I. To prove a new scientific idea, seven stages are needed. Read the text carefully and fill in the blanks.II. Choose the best answer.
1. We know from the text that John Snow _____________.
A. had collected information before cholera broke out
B. felt not quite sure after he finished the map
C. helped the woman from Broad Street
D. became famous after defeating choleraB2. Why did John Snow use a map in his research? A. It could help him find exactly how many people died of cholera.
B. It could help him find the source of drinking water for people.
C. It could help him organize his ideas and find evidence.
D. It could help him find his way in Broad Street.
C3. Why was cholera called “King Cholera” in the text?
A. Because it caused many deaths.
B. Because it got its name from Queen Victoria.
C. Because it was defeated with the help of the King.
D. Because it was the most deadly disease of its day.D4.What was the key help for John Snow’s discovery?
A. The government
B. The woman moving away from Broad Street
C. The water company
D. The map made by himselfD5. At last, “King Cholera” was controlled by _________.
using medicines in hospitals.
B. driving patients out of the country
C. dealing with the polluted water
D. getting rid of all kinds of pollution
C合作探究Task III. Find out the sentences similar in meaning to the given ones.
1. Its cause was not understood, and its cure wasn’t understood either.
______________________________________
______________________________________
2. As a result, thousands upon thousands people who were terrified lost their lives when an outbreak came each time.
______________________________________
________________________________________ Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.Task IV. Translate the following sentences
1. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.
____________________________________________________________________________
2. He immediately told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle from the pump so that it could not be used.
____________________________________________________________________________但当他一想到要帮助那些得了霍乱的普通百姓时，他就感到振奋。 他马上叫宽街上惊慌失措的老百姓拆掉水泵的把手。 3. With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the virus.
________________________________________________________________________
有了这个特别的证据，约翰斯诺就能够肯定地宣布，这种被污染了的水携带着病菌。 当堂检测：Summary
John Snow made up his mind to help ordinary people e____________ to cholera. At that time, no one knew its cause or c_____________. He knew it would be a great c_____________ to solve the problem. He thought people got attacked by this disease a____________ into their bodies. He tried to prove this. So when another outbreak hit London in 1854, he gathered information and made a map, m__________ where all the dead people had lived. And finally he concluded that the water was to b___________. exposed cure challenge absorbed marking blame Then John Snow looked into the source of water. He found all the deaths were l____________ to the polluted water. So he was able to a____________ with certainty that polluted water carried the disease. To p____________ this from happening again, John Snow suggested that the source of all water supplies be examined and new methods of dealing with polluted water be found. Finally “King Cholera” was d____________.linked announce prevent defeated Bye Bye
