译林版（2019）选择性必修第一册Unit 4 Exploring poetry Reading 语言点课件（共15张PPT，内嵌视频）

(共63张PPT)
Unit 4 Exploring poetry
How to read a poem
The lecture transcript gives four tips on how to understand a poem from two aspects. Read the lecture transcript and complete the chart.
A1
A Understanding the text
A Understanding the text
A Understanding the text
Key phrases on P44
Poetry is a combination of “sound” and “sense”. More than any other type of literature, it usually implies a deeper meaning beyond the words on the page. So, how to reveal this hidden dimension
诗歌是“音”与“意”的融合。与其他任何文学类型相比，诗歌通常隐含着超越字面的更深层含义。那么，如何揭示隐藏的这个方面呢？
a combination of A and B
hide-hid-hidden
1. More than any other type of literature, it usually implies
a deeper meaning beyond the words on the page. （翻译）
与其他任何文学类型相比，诗歌通常隐含着超越字面的更深层含义。
本句是简单句。句中more than any other type of literature作状语，句子主干为it usually implies a deeper meaning。
More than在此意为“不同于，与……相比”。
状语
主语
谓语
宾语
More than any other type of literature, it usually implies a deeper meaning beyond the words on the page.
imply vt. to suggest that something is true or that you feel or think something, without saying so directly
含有……的意思；暗示；暗指
e.g. *Are you implying (that) I am wrong
*The teacher’s smile implied that she had forgiven me.
*His silence seemed to imply agreement.
First, follow your ears. While you may ask “What does it mean ” as you begin reading a poem, it is better to ask “How does it sound ” Even if its true meaning appears to be beyond your grasp, you can always say something about how the poem sounds when you read it aloud. Do you detect a rhythm Are there any repeated words, rhymes or other special effects All of these are good qualities to notice, and they may lead you to a better understanding of the poem in the end. Read these lines to feel how they sound.
首先，凭听觉的指引。当你刚开始读一首诗时，你可能会问：“这是什么意思？”但最好问一句：“它听起来怎么样？”即使你也许把握不住这首诗的真正含义，但是当你大声朗读时，你总是可以说说这首诗听上去如何。你能感觉到节奏吗？有没有重复词、押韵或其他特别的效果？所有这些都是值得注意的特质，它们可能最终会帮助你更好地理解这首诗。朗读下面这几句诗，感受它们的音律。
尽管
当...
beyond one’s grasp 某人无法理解
detection n. 侦查；发现
detective n. 侦探
熟词生意：line:诗行
2. Even if its true meaning appears to be beyond your grasp,
you can always say something about how the poem sounds when you read it aloud.
本句为主从复合句。
Even if… your grasp是even if引导的让步状语从句；you can always say something…为主句，about后为how引导的宾语从句，其中when you read it aloud为when引导的时间状语从句。
让步状语从句
主句
宾语从句，作about的宾语
时间状语从句
Even if its true meaning appears to be beyond your grasp, you can always say something about how the poem sounds when you read it aloud.
grasp n. 1) a person's understanding of a subject or of difficult facts 理解，领会
e.g. * They have a good grasp of foreign languages.
* This essay is beyond the grasp of an average high school student.
beyond sb’s grasp 某人不能理解；某人抓不住
within sb’s grasp 某人能理解；某人有把握
grasp n. 2) a firm hold of sb/sth or control over sb/sth
抓紧，握紧，控制
e.g. * He shook my hand with a very firm grasp.
*Don't let the situation escape from your grasp.
grasp n. 3) the ability to get or achieve sth 能力所及
e.g. * Success was within her grasp.
* Many families are finding suitable housing beyond their grasp.
grasp vt. 1) grasp somebody/something to take a strong hold of somebody/something 抓紧；抓牢
2) to understand something completely
理解；领会；领悟；明白
e.g. * He grasped my hand and shook it warmly.
* They failed to grasp the importance of his words.
* She was unable to grasp how to do it.
【语境应用】翻译下面句子。
1) 有些人发现理解这个观点很难。
2) 她准备好抓住任何机会来扩大自己的生意。
3) 这个课程将提高学生们对这一语言的理解。
Some people find the idea . / Some people find it is .
She is ready to to expand her business.
The course will improve of the language.
(is) difficult to grasp
difficult to grasp the idea
grasp any opportunity
the students’ grasp
3. Do you detect a rhythm
detect v. to discover or notice sth, especially sth that is not easy to see, hear, etc 发现，查明，侦察出
e.g. * The tests are designed to detect the disease early.
* The test is used to detect the presence of alcohol in the blood.
detectable adj. 可觉察的;可发现的;可查出
detector n. 探测器，检测器
detective n. 侦探，警探
detection n. 察觉，发现; 侦察
Sweet and low, sweet and low,
Wind of the western sea,
Low, low, breathe and blow,
Wind of the western sea!
Over the rolling waters go,
Come from the dying moon, and blow,
Blow him again to me;
While my little one, while my pretty one, sleeps.
(From “Sweet and Low” by Alfred Tennyson)
轻轻地，柔和地；轻轻地，柔和地，
西边的海风，
吹过，拂过，轻轻，轻轻，
西边的海风！
来自月色朦胧，
拂过波涛汹涌，
请将他再吹向我；
当我的小宝贝，小可爱，已入梦。
（摘自阿尔弗雷德 · 丁尼生《轻轻地，柔和地》）
Second, approach the poem as if you were an explorer in an unfamiliar landscape. Ask some basic questions about the poem. Who is talking Who is being talked to What is being described Is there a sense of place Are there other people or objects there As you explore the poem, you will begin to see images in your mind. What are those images, and what happens when they are put together This combination is often complex or even contradictory. As you slowly explore your surroundings, you will start to dig up clues that give you a greater understanding of the poem. Read these lines, pay attention to the image of the caged bird and try to find out what it means.
第二，走进诗歌，就像你是一个置身于陌生风景中的探索者。问自己一些关于这首诗的基本问题。说话的是谁？正在和谁说话？描述的是什么？有感觉到某个地点吗？那里还有其他人或物吗？当你探索这首诗的时候，你的脑海会开始浮现一些画面。这些画面是什么？把它们组合起来会发生什么？这种组合通常是复杂的，甚至是矛盾的。当你慢慢探索周围环境时，你会开始挖掘线索，这些线索会让你更好地理解这首诗。读下面这几句诗，注意“笼中鸟”的形象，试着弄清它意味着什么。
3. …, approach the poem as if you were ... (line 20)
v. to come near to sb/sth 靠近，接近
v. to speak to sb about sth 接洽
v. to start dealing with a problem in a particular way着手处理，对付
n. a way of dealing with sb /sth 方法，态度
n. movement nearer to sb /sth in distance or time
（距离和时间上的）靠近，接近
Unit 4
(to sth)
(of sth)
1. ___________(approach) the city centre, we saw a stone statue of about 10 metres in height.
2.What is the best approach _________ the problem
3. Facing up to your problems rather than ___________(run) away from them is the best approach to _________(work) things out.
4. With winter______________(approach), it gets colder and colder.
5. With the approach ___ winter, it’s getting colder and colder.
6. Up to now we _____________________(approach) by a number of companies that are interested in our product.
Practice makes perfect.
to
running
Approaching
working
approaching
have been approached
of
4. As you slowly explore your surroundings, you will start to dig up clues that give you a greater understanding of the poem.
本句是一个主从复合句。
As you slowly explore your surroundings是时间状语从句；you will start to ... the poem是主句，其中that give you a greater understanding of the poem是定语从句修饰clues。
时间状语从句
定语从句
【仿写】
当你阅读这篇文章时，你会被某些情景触动，这些情景会让你想起你父亲。
, you will be moved by some situations that remind you of your father.
As you read the article
As you slowly explore your surroundings, you will start to dig up clues that give you a greater understanding of the poem.
dig up: 1) to discover something that has not previously been widely known 发现，搜集，查明
2) to remove the surface of an area of ground, road etc, or to make holes in it 掘地; 挖洞
e.g. * I've been doing some research on our family history and I've dug up some interesting information.
* They're digging up the road just outside my flat.
dig out 挖掘；发现，翻出 dig into 探查，探究，探寻
e.g. * Give me a clue. What does the word begin with
给我点提示。这个词是以什么开头的
* I didn't have a clue as to this problem.
关于这个问题，我一无所知。
clue n. a fact or a piece of evidence that helps you discover the answer to a problem 线索，提示
5. Third, if you are still struggling to interpret the meaning of a poem even with much painstaking effort, just have some patience.
interpret vt. 1) to explain the meaning of sth 解释，阐释
2) to decide that sth has a particular meaning and to understand it in this way
把……理解为，领会
3) to perform a piece of music, a role in a play, etc. in a way that shows your feelings about its meaning 演绎
e.g. * The students were asked to interpret the poem.
* I didn't know whether to interpret her silence as acceptance or refusal.
* He interpreted the role with a lot of humour.
interpret vi. to translate one language into another as you hear it 口译
e.g. They spoke good Spanish and promised to interpret for me.
他们西班牙语说得很好，答应替我翻译。
patience n. the ability to stay calm and accept a delay or sth annoying without complaining 耐心，忍耐力
e.g. * You'll need patience and understanding if you're going to be a teacher.
* She has no patience with time-wasters.
* I'm beginning to lose patience with you people.
* I have run out of patience with her.
* The expert explained the case to us with patience.
patient adj. 有耐心的，能忍耐的
impatient adj. 不耐烦的；急躁的
patient n. 病人
e.g. * This teacher is very patient with young children.
这位老师对幼儿非常有耐心。
* He’s impatient to know what happened.
他急于想知道发生了什么事。
* Doctors are very patient with patients.
医生对病人很有耐心。
【语境应用】翻译句子
1) 警方仍在寻找能帮助搜索失踪女孩的线索。
Police are still looking for _________ in their search for the missing girl.
2) 这份资料可以从多方面解读。
The data can be _____________________________________.
3) 我要把那棵植物挖出来，挪个地方。
I'll _________________and move it.
clues
interpreted in many different ways
dig up that plant
根据括号内所给的汉语提示完成下列句子。
1) _____________________ (需要极大的耐心) for Annie to teach me to speak French.
2) He walked so slowly that his brother ______________________________________ (对他不耐烦了).
3) She was a lively young woman __________________________ (富有耐心和想象力).
It takes great patience
lost patience / ran out of patience with him
with patience and imagination
Key phrases on P45
The caged bird sings
with a fearful trill
of things unknown
but longed for still
and his tune is heard
on the distant hill
for the caged bird
sings of freedom.
(From “Caged Bird” by Maya Angelou)
笼中之鸟，撕心裂肺，啼啭啾啾
所唱是未知之物，却依然渴求
歌声传到了远处的山丘
因为笼中的鸟儿在歌唱自由。
（摘自玛雅 · 安吉洛《笼中鸟》）
caged: 关在笼子里的
long for 渴望
Third, if you are still struggling to interpret the meaning of a poem even with much painstaking effort, just have some patience. You cannot really understand a poem that you have only read once. Sometimes reading a poem can be a lifelong job. So if you do not get it, set the poem aside and come back to it later. As an explorer, you will not reach your goal immediately—you need to go on a journey to a remote and unknown destination. This may seem difficult at first, but when you finally make your great discovery, your efforts will be rewarded. Poems that are easy to understand are often less interesting than those that constantly reveal deeper and previously unrecognized meanings. Read these lines and try to find out what they mean.
第三，如果你下了很大的功夫可还是纠结于理解一首诗的意思，那就耐心一点吧。你不可能真正理解只读过一遍的诗。有时，读懂一首诗可能是一辈子的事。所以如果你没有读懂某首诗，那就暂且先放在一边，以后再读。作为一个探索者，你不会立刻抵达你的目标—你需要踏上旅程，去一个遥远未知的目的地。这一开始可能看起来很难，但当你最终有了重大发现时，你的努力将得到回报。有些诗的深层内涵和之前未领会的意义会不断显现，相比之下，那些浅显的诗往往倒没那么有趣了。读下面这几句诗，看看是什么意思吧。
struggle to do sth. 做某事有困难
fail to do sth. 没能做成某时候
painstaking adj. 需细心的；辛苦的；需专注的
painstaking effort 辛苦的努力
painstaking research 细心的研究
pains n. 痛苦；下苦工
take pains to do sth. 十分努力做某事
No pains, no gains.
previous adj. 以前的
precious adj. 珍贵的
previously adv.
6. ... even with much painstaking effort, ... (line 39)
painstaking adj. needing a lot of care, effort and attention to detai 需细心的；辛苦的
with much painstaking effort 下苦功夫
make an effort to do sth 努力做某事
make every effort to do sth 尽一切努力做某事
spare no effort to do sth 不遗余力做某事
a joint effort 共同努力（的结果）
Unit 4
6. So if you do not get it, set the poem aside and come back to it later.
aside adv. 1) to one side; out of the way 到旁边，在旁边
2) to be used later 留，存
3) used after nouns to say that except for one thing, sth is true 除……以外
set sth aside 把……放一边；留出
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) Einstein liked Bose’s paper so much that he _____________ his own work and translated it into German.
爱因斯坦特别喜欢Bose的论文，于是他把自己的工作放在一边，把Bose的论文译成了德语。
2) ___________________ time to do some mending jobs.
设法留出时间做一些修修补补的活儿。
set aside
Try to set aside
7. As an explorer, you will not reach your goal immediately— you need to go on journey to a remote and unknown destination.
remote adj. 1) far away from places where other people live
偏远的，偏僻的
2) far away in time 遥远的，久远的
3) (of people) not closely related 远亲的
e.g. *The farmhouse is remote from any other buildings.
*It happened in the remote past, so no one worries about it any more.
*a remote cousin
8. This may seem difficult at first, but when you finally make your great discovery, your efforts will be rewarded.
reward vt. to give sth to sb because they have done sth good, worked hard, etc 奖励，奖赏
e.g. Finally, Mary's patience was rewarded.
最终，玛丽的耐心有了回报。
常用结构：reward sb with sth; reward sb for (doing) sth
e.g. *She started singing to the baby and was rewarded with a smile.
*He rewarded us for helping him.
reward n. 1) a thing that you are given because you have done sth good, worked hard, etc 奖励，回报
2) an amount of money that is offered to sb for helping the police to find a criminal or for finding sth that is lost 悬赏金
常用结构：in reward 作为回报 a reward of $500 500元的回报=a $500 reward
e.g. * Several of the parents were giving their children rewards for passing exams.
* A 100 reward has been offered for the return of the necklace.
【语境应用】汉译英。
1) 警方出300美元赏金悬赏有关那起抢劫案的消息。
2) 作为对他通过考试的奖赏，父母亲送给他一块新的手表。
3) 对于他的帮助，我会酬谢他的。
4) 我不指望得到任何东西作为报酬。
The police are offering for information about the robbery.
his passing the examination, his parents gave him a new watch.
I shall his help.
I don’t expect anything .
a reward of $300
As a reward for
reward him for
in reward
9. Poems that are easy to understand are often less interesting than those that constantly reveal deeper and previously unrecognized meanings.
本句为主从复合句。
句子主干为Poems that are easy to understand are often less interesting than those。that are easy to understand及that constantly reveal deeper and previously unrecognized meanings均为that引导的定语从句，分别修饰先行词poems和those。
定语从句
定语从句
Poems that are easy to understand are often less interesting than those that constantly reveal deeper and previously unrecognized meanings.
constantly adv. all the time; repeatedly 始终，一直
e.g. * Fashion is constantly changing.
* He talked constantly about his work.
constant adj. 1) happening all the time or repeatedly
连续发生的；不断的；重复的
2) that does not change 始终如一的，恒久不变的
e.g. * He kept in constant contact with his family while he was in Australia.
* The fridge keeps food at a constant temperature.
【语境应用】单句语法填空。
The direction of the wind is ____________ (constant) changing.
Babies need ___________ (constant) attention.
constantly
constant
Whose woods these are I think I know.
His house is in the village though;
He will not see me stopping here
To watch his woods fill up with snow.
(From “Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening” by Robert Frost)
我想我知道这片林子的主人，
尽管他住在山村。
他不会见我驻足于此，
凝视着他积满白雪的树林。
（摘自罗伯特 · 弗罗斯特《雪夜林边小驻》）
fill up with 充满
Finally, remember that you do not have to fully understand a poem to appreciate it. You might need to abandon logical thinking to discover its true inner beauty. As long as the journey of poetry reading makes you feel something or lets you perceive another level of meaning, it will have been worth your effort.
最后请记住，欣赏一首诗，并非得完全理解它不可。你可能需要抛开逻辑思维以发现诗歌真正的内在美。只要读诗之旅能让你有所感触，或使你领悟到另一层含义，那你的努力就是值得的。
logic n. 逻辑
logical adj. 符合逻辑的
logically adv. 合乎逻辑地
illogical adj. 与逻辑相悖的
10. As long as the journey of poetry reading makes you feel something or lets you perceive another level of meaning,
it will have been worth your effort.
句中as long as引导条件状语从句，该从句中the journey of poetry reading为主语，or连接两个并列的谓语动词makes与lets，其后分别跟了两个不带to的不定式短语feel something和perceive another level of meaning作宾语补足语。
as long as引导的条件状语从句
主句
【语境应用】单句语法填空。
When in senior high school, he ____________ (perceive) the relationship between success and effort.
Most blind people, even if they don’t have any sight, are still able _____________ (perceive) light.
perceived
to perceive
Poetry’s combination of “sound” and “sense” makes you see the world in a new way and allows you to go beyond normal reality for the everlasting beauty. Enjoy your journey in the world of poetry!
诗歌“音”与“意”的结合，让你用一种新的方式看待世界，让你超越普通的现实，追求永恒之美。在诗歌的世界里享受你的旅程吧！
go beyond sth. 超越（或超出）某事
Poetry is a ____________(combine) of sound and sense.
Even if its true meaning appears _________(be) beyond your grasp, you can always say something about how the poem sounds when you read it aloud.
Approach the poem as if you were an _________(explore) in _____ unfamiliar landscape.
This combination is often complex or even_____________ (contradict).
_____ an explorer, you will not reach your goal immediately.
Unit 4
combination
Text Review
to be
explorer
an
contradictory
As
6. Poems that are easy_____________(understand) are often less interesting than those that ___________(constant) reveal deeper and previously ____________(recognize) meanings.
7. Remember that you do not have to _____(full) understand a poem to appreciate it.
8.You might need to abandon _________(logic) thinking to discover its true inner beauty.
Unit 4
constantly
unrecognized
Text Review
fully
to understand
logical
The passage below is about a student’s experience of reading poetry. Complete the passage with the correct forms of the words and phrases in the box below.
I love reading poetry and I try to (1) ________ some time each day to read poems. Poetry can take me to (2) ________ mountaintops covered with mist; it can also take me inside someone else’s mind.
set aside
remote
B1
complex constantly contradictory dig up
interpret remote reward set aside
B Building your language
B Building your language
B Building your language
Poetry can describe things that are too (3) ________ to express in any other way; it can also display the hidden beauty of simple and ordinary things.
I like poems that are (4) ____________: it is exciting when the poet starts with one particular image, and then adds something that seems to be out of place—it is the lines which stick out that make a poem interesting.
contradictory
complex constantly contradictory dig up
interpret remote reward set aside
complex
不在合适的位置
显眼;伸出;突出
(5) ____________ poetry can be difficult, but what I love about poetry is that it makes me wonder—sometimes it is like a riddle that I want to solve, or a question that I want to answer. When I start reading a new poem, I may say to myself, “This is confusing
— I don't like it.” However, many of my favourite poems are the ones I did not like at first. With poetry, I know I have to be patient: I will not be (6) __________ immediately, but when I finally understand a poem, it will stay with me for a long time.
complex constantly contradictory dig up
interpret remote reward set aside
Interpreting
rewarded
谜语
Also, when I read poetry regularly, I (7) ___________ discover new things—even in poems that I have read many times before. Reading poetry is like trying to find and (8)___________ a treasure: I can use a poem as a treasure map that will eventually guide me to exciting new discoveries.
complex constantly contradictory dig up
interpret remote reward set aside
constantly
dig up
guide sb. to sth. 引导某人到
B2
The lecture transcript uses some compound adjectives. Note the following words and think of more compound adjectives formed in similar ways. Then fill in the table with as many compound adjectives as you can.
Forming compound adjectives
Compound adjectives are formed with two or more words. Some of them are written together as one word and some are joined by one or more hyphens. You can look them up in the dictionary for the right forms.
noun + verb-ing painstaking
noun + verb-ed snow-covered
noun + adjective lifelong
adverb + verb-ing everlasting
heartbreaking, time-consuming, eye-catching
handmade, tongue-tied, sun-dried
world-famous, homesick, duty-free
fast-flowing, bestselling, far-reaching
I. 根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Combining “sound” and “sense”, poetry provides you with a new way to see the world. It conveys a(n) 1. __________ (deep) meaning than any other type of literature, which you can learn about by 2. __________ (use) the following tips.
First, trust your ears. Although you may not grasp its true meaning, you can analyze a poem from the perspective 3. __________ “sound”.
deeper
using
of
Rhythms, repeated words, rhymes or other special effects are good qualities that deserve your attention. They may help you understand the poem better in 4. __________ end.
Second, explore the poem as if you were exploring a strange landscape. Try to figure out the basic information like the main characters, the topic, etc. Images will appear in your mind during this 5. __________ (explore). The combination of these images is often complex or even contradictory, but you will discover 6. __________ (help) clues to understand it when you explore your real life.
the
exploration
helpful
Third, be patient. Reading once cannot lead to a full understanding of a poem. Sometimes, it is a lifelong job. If you are struggling 7. __________ (perceive) the meaning of a poem, set it aside and pick it up later. Exploring a poem is a difficult but rewarding journey, during 8. __________ you may consistently dig up its 9. __________ (hide) meanings.
Last but not least, when it comes to discovering a poem’s true inner beauty, logical thinking may not be taken 10. __________ (serious) into consideration. The journey of poetry reading is worthwhile as long as you feel something.
to perceive
which
hidden
seriously
II. 写出画线部分单词的词性及中文释义。
1. rhyme
① Dr Seuss' books are filled with colourful pictures and fun rhymes.
________ ___________
② “Tough” doesn't rhyme with “through”. They end with different sounds.
________ ___________
n. 押韵
v. 和……同韵
2. reward
① The poet wishes children were taught to enjoy poetry as a reward, not a punishment ________ ________
② The girl wrote several poems for the school magazine and was rewarded with a present. ________ ________
n. 奖励
v. 奖励
3. cage
① The poem, The Jaguar written by Ted Hughes, describes different types of animals caged at a zoo.
________ ______________
② As is described in Maya Angelou's poem, a caged bird is unable to enjoy the freedom of other birds due to its cage. ________ ____________
v. 把……关在笼中
n. 笼子