人教新目标(Go for it)版八年级上册Unit 3 I'm more outgoing than my sister.知识清单

Unit 3 I'm more outgoing than my sister.
本单元的话题：谈论事物对比，学习形容词比较级。
形容词和副词的比较级讲解：
比较级表示两个人或物的比较。所用的句型为“比较级+than”（比…更…），若than前后所使用的的动词相同时，通常用助动词代替后面的动词，后面的动词或助动词可以省略。注意比较的对象必须性质相同。
I am taller than my brother.我比我的弟弟高。
He is more outgoing than me.他比我外向。
2.比较级前，可以用much（更…，多得多…），a lot（更…，多得多…）,even（更…，多得多…），a little(稍微)来表示程度。I am a little thinner than my sister.我比我的妹妹稍微瘦。
She is much more beautiful than her sister.她比她的妹妹更漂亮。
形容词、副词比较级变化规则：
直接加er long—longer(长的) tall--taller(高的) fast—faster(更快)
以不发音的e结尾，加r nice-nicer fine-finer free-freer
以重读闭音节一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾，双写最后的辅音字母，再加er. big-bigger,fat-fatter,thin-thinner,hot-hotter
以辅音字母加y结尾，变y为i加er busy-busier,early-earlier,happy-happier,early-earlier
多音节及部分双音节前直接加more. popular,beautiful,hard-working,outgoing,serious
more clearly/quietly/loudly
不规则good\well-better,many\much-more,little-less,bad\badly\ill-worse
特殊：(friendly-friendlier/more friendly;shy-shyer/shier)
比较级的用法：
A+谓语+形、副比较级+than+B. A比B...
A+谓语+as+ 形、副原级+as+B. A与B一样...
两者之间选择额的疑问句，常用句型：Which/what/who+谓语+形副比较级，A or B
Who is smarter, your father or your mother
Who runs faster,Tom or Jack
4.含有of the two的句子，用the+比较级的用法。
My brother is the taller of the two boys.
5.the+比较级...，the+比较级...表示“越...，越...”
The more you read, the more you know.
比较级+and+比较级 表示“越来越...”
Our city is more and more beautiful. taller and taller
本单元的短语和知识点：
1. both…and…两者都(后面的动词用复数形式)
Both Tom and Jim are students. 汤姆和吉姆都是学生。
Both of us are students.=They are both students.
the singing competition 歌咏比赛 play+the +乐器 play the drums打鼓
3.be good at+名词\代词\V ing:擅长，在某方面做得好=do well in
I am good at playing basketball.我擅长打篮球。(play为动词)
be good with sb:与某人相处很好The teacher is good with students.
be good for 对...有益
4.make sb do sth:让某人做某事He makes me help him.他让我帮助他。
make friends (with sb)：（和某人）交朋友He often makes friends with children.
make+宾语+adj 使某人怎么样make me happy
5.反义疑问句：前肯后否，前否后肯
That’s Tara, isn’t it
Tom likes playing basketball, doesn’t he
Lily isn’t good at English, is she
6. be talented in sth:在某方面有天赋He is talented in music.他在音乐方面有天赋。
7.be like:像… TA good friend is like a mirror.
8.enjoy doing sth:喜欢做某事 Tom enjoys reading.汤姆喜欢读书。
9.be different from与…不同My brother is different from me.我弟弟与我不一样。
10.help sb to (do) sth:帮助某人做某事常=help sb with sth(在某方面帮助某人)
He often helps me（to）learn English.= He often helps me with my English.
help (to) do sth:帮助做某事He often helps（ to）cook at home.他经常在家帮助做饭。
11.care about关心My parents often care about my study.我的父母亲经常关心我的学习.
12.比较级表示最高级常用：（用于一范围内一个与余下进行比较）
比较级 +than +the other+可数名词复数=比较级+than +any other+可数名词单数
例如：He is the tallest student in our class .（最高级）在我们班他是最高的学生。
= He is taller than any other student in our class.
= He is taller than the other students in our class.在我们班，他比其他的学生高。
（在我们班，他与他之外的其他的同学进行比较）
Shanghai is the biggest city in china.上海是中国最大的城市。
= Shanghai is bigger than the other cities in china.
= Shanghai is bigger than any other city in china.
13.That’s why+句子 那就是...的原因
information （消息，信息）不可数名词a piece of information 一条消息much information
Larry is much less hard-working ,though.不过，拉里学习不太勤奋。
less +形、副原级+than=not so\as ...as不如...
He is less friendly than my sister.=He is not so as friendly as my sister.
Sam has longer hair than Tom.=Tom’s hair is longer than Tom’s.(前后比较对象要一致）
I’m taller now than I was two years ago.I was shorter two years ago than I am now .
I sing better now than I did two years ago.I sang worse two years ago than I do now.
The most important thing is to learn something new and have fun.
最重要的是学到一些新东西并获得乐趣。
have fun doing sth 做某事有乐趣
Friends are like books--- you don’t need a lot of them as long as they’re good.
朋友不在多而贵在好。
However, he often helps to bring out the best in me.
然而，他经常帮助我显现出最好的一面
I don’t really care if my friends are the same as me or different.
我真的不介意我的朋友是与我一样还是不同。
be the same as与…相同（反义：be different from ）
His book is the same as my book.他的书与我的书一样。
do the same things as me\I do与我做同样的事
A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart.
reach for sth伸手够...reach +地点到达（区别：get to/arrive in/at）
touch one’s heart感动某人
She’s always there to listen.她随时都能共听我倾诉。
It’s +adj for sb to do sth做某事对某人来说是...
in fact 事实上，实际上 break 过去式broke be similar to 与...相似
get good grades取得好成绩 true 副词truly 名词truth
as+形副原级+as 与...一样(否定：not so/as....as不如）
Tom works as hard as me.
He is as outgoing as my sister.