(共16张PPT)
说明文--
词义猜测
高二期中考试复习课
学习目标
1.回顾复习词义猜测题的做题思路和常用技巧
(定义法、逻辑关系)
2.利用旧题错例来规避易错思路
3.实战演练高考真题
考点诠释+命题趋势:
词义猜测题主要是测试考生利用上下文判断单词、短语或句子在特定语言环境中确切含义的能力,以及it,they,them等判断指代内容,做此类题目,学会“顺藤摸瓜”,“上下取证”,通过构词法,语法逻辑、经验、常识、上下文等线索来确定词义。
命题趋势:高考中分值稳定在5-7.5分
期中考试必会出此种类型题
考点复习:
1.思考词义猜测题的做题思路:三步走
第一步: ;观察前后句
第二步:寻找关键信息; .
第三步: 关键信息; .
定位解题线索
巧用小技巧
分析
对比猜词义
定义法;
逻辑关系
2.回顾:第二步中小技巧有哪些?
出题方式:2. What does the underlined word“resilient”in paragraph 2 probably mean
A. Different. B. Flexible. C. Rigid(僵硬的).D. Stable(稳定的)
定义法
(Explanation)
1
下定义
2
定语从句
3
同位语
4
标点符号
技巧复习--定义法
定义法
(Explanation)
1. The herdsman , who looks after sheep, earns about 650yuan a year.
2. A calendar is a list of the days, weeks, months of a particular year.
3.We are on the night shift ——from midnight to 7 a.m.
4.Alexander Graham Bell was born in 1874 in Edinburgh, Scotland. His father was an expert in phonetics, the study of the sounds of language.
标点符号
下定义
定语从句
同位语
以下句子采用的是定义法中的哪种类型?(下定义 ,定语从句,同位语,标点符号)
易错点突破--下定义
1.识别信号词2.做题思路“=”关系
1. A calendar is a list of the days, weeks, months of a particular year.
下定义: is, mean, refer to, namely 等后的内容是对前面解释说明或由that is (to say), in other words,to put it another way引出 一些具体的解释性的短语解释生词。
小结
日历
2.Pantomime refers to a short play in which no words are spoken.
哑剧
思路:1.寻找信号词 2.分析对比词义
1.You may borrow from the library any periodicals: News Weekly, Reader’s Digest(读者文摘), The New Yorkers.
2.We are on the night shift ——from midnight to 7 a.m.
期刊
夜班
冒号、破折号和括号等标点符号,可表示解释说明。
小结
易错点突破--标点符号
1.抓特殊符号2.做题思路 “=”关系
技巧复习--逻辑关系
逻辑关系猜词义
1
同义或近义关系
2
反义关系
3
因果关系
Logical Relation
同义或近义关系
逻辑关系猜词义
Logical Relation
反义关系
因果关系
回顾有哪些词可以表达以下含义?
常见信号词:and, or, also, as …as,just as, similarly等
表转折关系的词常有如but, while, however, instead of , rather than , unlike, yet, otherwise, though, on the contrary等。
利用因果关系猜词义,从原因推测结果,从结果推测原因。常见的词或短语: since, as, because, for, so, thus, consequently, therefore, hence, owing to, thanks to, on account of, result in, accordingly, so…that等。
同义或近义关系
健谈的
1.Mr. Green loves to talk, and his brothers are similarly loquacious.
思路:1.寻找信号词 2.分析对比词义
2.I tried hard not to make serious mistakes, but I slipped up.
出差错,疏忽
反义关系
3.She did not hear what you said because she was completely
engrossed in her reading.
全神贯注
因果关系
错题重练
高考真题链接
【真题链接】Neuroplasticity(神经可塑性) is the brain's capacity(能力) to continue growing and evolving(进化) in response to life experiences. It is the basic of learning and memory. In our daily life,our brain is resilient——it can bend(弯曲) without breaking. The ability of the brain to change and grow in response to experience enables people to bounce back from difficulties. It's about neuroplasticity(神经可塑性).
1:定位解题线索--根据题干关键词“resilent”定位原文第三行
2. What does the underlined word“resilient”in paragraph 2 probably mean
A. Different. B. Flexible. C. Rigid(僵硬的).D. Stable(稳定的)
2:寻找关键信息:关键词后有——为释义性符号 ,符号后面是对前句的进一
步 。
解释说明
3.分析关键信息并推断词义:根据“it can bend without breaking ”可知大脑可
以 ,可推测,resilient意味“有弹性的”故 项符合题意
弯曲
B
【真题链接】
The fur trade(毛皮贸易) kept nutria(海狸鼠) in check(控制) for decades,but when the market for nutria collapsed in the late 1980s, result in the cat-sized animals multiplied(繁殖) like crazy.
1:定位解题线索--根据题干关键词“collapsed”定位原文第二行
30.What does the underlined word “collapsed” in paragraph 5 probably mean?
.A. Boomed(爆炸). B. Became mature(自然).
C. Remained stable(稳定). D. Crashed(崩溃)
2:寻找关键信息:关键词t后有result in 存在 .
3.分析关键信息并推断词义:逻辑顺序:由“The fur trade kept nutria in check for decades”句意,几十年来,毛皮贸易使海狸鼠的数量处于控制之下。画线词后的“the cat-sized animals multiplied like crazy”可知,这种大小像猫的动物开始疯狂地繁殖,由此逻辑顺序为:数量控制→But市场怎么了?→so 疯狂繁殖。故选 .
因果
崩溃
D
变式训练
As human beings, our abilty to understand emotions is key in our interaction(互动;相互影响) with others. People with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD)(自闭症谐系障得)find it arduous to communicate and understand emotions. In other words, they feel it challenging to interpret(解释) nonverbal, facial, and bodily expressions of emotion of other individuals date of the University of South Florida said.
5. Which of the following best explains "arduous" underlined in paragraph 1 A. Dangerous. B. Troublesome. 麻烦的,困难的
C. Unbearable.难以忍受的 D. Impossible.
提醒:1.寻找关键词 2. 观察句子前后是否有信号词
回顾本节课关于词义猜测题你收获了什么?
(思路,技巧,注意事项!)
小组合作制作一份有关词意猜测的思维导图:
包括:1.解题方法
2.对应解题方法的信号词
学后反思: 2分钟
Group Work
家庭作业
1.小组合作制作一份有关词意猜测的思维导图(补充一下)
2.反思配套检测卷 P153 第5小题 P162 第4小题 P163 第8小题
P174 第2 小题
要求:分别写出每个小题对应的类型 并圈出标志词。
将做题思路总结整理--积累在整理本