Unit 12 Life is full of the unexpected Section A Grammar focus-4c 课件(共38张PPT)

(共38张PPT)
Section A
Grammar focus-4c
Unit 12
Life is full of the unexpected.
1. To learn to understand the
Past Perfect Tense.
2. To be able to write sentences using by the time or before.
Learning Objectives
把下列短语翻译成英语。
1. 即将
2. 倒杯咖啡
3. 排队等候
4. 醒来
5. 到达
be about to
get a coffee
wait in line
wake up
arrive at/get to
Revision
6. 起飞
7. 到时候
8. (闹铃)不响
9. 盯着某人/某事
10.发生
take off
by the time
go off
stare at sb./sth.
go on
Tom's bad morning
Tom is a middle school student.He always goes to school by bus.
On Monday morning,the time he woke up was already 7 o'clock,his alarm clock didn't go off. He had slept for a long time! He had forgotten to have breakfast before he went to the bus stop. By the time he got there, the bus had already left. When he got to school,he realized that he had left his backpack at home.By the time he got back to school, the bell had rung.Everything went wrong.
1. He had slept for a long time!
2. He had forgotten to have breakfast
before he went to the bus stop.
3. By the time he got there,the bus
had already left.
4. When he got to school,he realized that he had left his backpack at home.
5. By the time he got back to school,
the bell had rung.
1.表示过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或完成了的动作。它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”。
2.表示发生在过去的动作对过去的某一点造成的某种影响或结果，用来指定在另一个过去行动之前就已经完成了的一个事件。
过去完成时
e.g. 1.By nine o’clock last night, we had
got 200 pictures from the spaceship.
2.I had been at the bus stop for 20
minutes when a bus finally came.
3.He said he had worked in that
factory since 1949.
4.The train hadn't left before Tina
reached the station.
过去完成时的构成：
过去完成时的谓语由“助动词had+过去分词”构成。否定式为“had not+过去分词”,had not缩写为hadn't。
过去完成时的用法：
1)表示一个动作或状态在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成，发生在“过去的过去”。这个过去的时间可以用by，before等介词短语或者一个时间状语从句来表示。
e.g. When I woke up, it had stopped
raining.
我醒来时，雨已经停了。
2) 表示某一动作或状态在过去某时之前已经开始，一直延续到这一过去的时间。常用表延续的时间状语如：by the end of+ 过去的时间点，by the time+从句等。
e.g. By the end of last year, she had worked
in the factory for twenty years.
到去年年底，她已经在这家工厂
工作20年了。
Past Perfect Tense
1. 过去完成时的构成：_____+___________
2. 过去完成时表示：
____________________________________
____________________________________
3. 过去完成时常与______________________ 等引导的时间状语连用。
had
过去分词
when, before, by the time
过去某一时刻或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作。
现在完成时与过去完成时的区别(一)：
现在完成时表示的动作发生在说话之前某个没有明确说出的过去时间，侧重过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响或造成的结果,与现在有关；
过去完成时的动作发生在“过去的过去”,它是一个相对的时态,不能离开过去的时间而独立存在。
现在完成时与过去完成时的区别(二)：
现在完成时常用时间状语：
so far, lately, recently, by the end of, since then/1990, for ten years, ever since, up to now,
in the past/last few years/days,
already, yet.
现在完成时与过去完成时的区别：
过去完成时常用时间状语：by then, by that time, already, yet, until, by the end of, before 2000, by the time,
no sooner...than/
hardly...when... 一......就......
1. We have learned over 800 English words by the end of this term.
2. We had learned over 800 English words by the end of last term.
1. We have collected 1000 stamps so far.
2. We had collected 1000 stamps by then.
1. Since we began to use the Internet, our lives _______ a lot.
A. change B. had changed
C. will change D. have changed
中考真题
2. My parents ________ to work
by the time I ________ up.
A. began; get
B. had begun; had got
C. had begun; got
3. —What did the teacher say to you
—He asked me _______.
A. why I look unhappy then
B. when did I go home last night
C. how could I solve the problem
D. if I had got everything ready

4. By the time I got back to school, the bell ______.
A. rang
B. has rung
C. had rung
5. —Look at the blue sky! The rain
________.
—Let’s go out for a walk.
A. stops B. will stop　
C. has stopped　 D. had stopped
1)当我到达学校的时候，我才意识到我把书
包忘在家里了。
_______ I got to school, I realized that I
______ ______ my backpack at home.
2)到我返回学校的时候，铃声已经响过了。
_____ _____ _____ I got back to school, the bell ______ _______.
When
had
left
By the time
had rung
Grammar Focus
3)我到达公共汽车站之前， 汽车已经离开了。
Before I _____ _____ the bus stop, the bus ______ _______ _______.
4)我决定先买一杯咖啡，然后再去办公室。
I ______ ______ ______ go up to my office when I decided to get a coffee first.
got to
had
already left
was about to
5)就在我和别的工作人员一起排队等候的时候，听到了一个巨大的声响。
As I ______ _______ ______ ______
with the other office workers, I
______ _____ _____ ______.
was waiting in line
heard a loud sound
◆ When I got to school, I realized that I had left my backpack at home.
◆ By the time I got back to school, the bell had rung.
◆ Before I got to the bus stop, the bus had already left.
由when, by the time, before等引导时间状语从句时，若描述发生在过去的事，主句常用过去完成时(had + 过去分词)表示动作发生在过去的过去。
◆ I was about to go up to my office
when I decided to get a coffee first.
◆ As I was waiting in line with the
other office workers, I heard a loud
sound.
be about to do, be doing等表示即将或正在做某事时，常用when引导从句表示突然发生的动作。
4a
Make sentences using by the time or before.
1. Tim went into the bathroom. Mary
got up.
By the time Mary got up, Tim had already gone into the bathroom.
2. The coffee became cold. I put cream
in the coffee.
_________________________________
_________________________________
Before I put cream in the coffee, the coffee had become cold.
3. The teacher collected the math
homework. I got to school.
________________________________
________________________________
4. I completed the work for my boss. The workday ended.
________________________________
________________________________
By the time I got to school, the teacher had collected the math homework.
I had completed the work for my boss before the workday ended.
5. The movie started. I arrived at the
cinema.
_______________________________
_______________________________
6. My mother finished making the apple pie I got home from my language course.
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
The movie had started, before I arrived at the cinema.
By the time I got home from my language course, my mother had finished making the apple pie.
4b
Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in the box.
1. By the time I arrived at the party, everyone else _____ already __________.
2. When he put the noodles into a bowl, he realized he _______________ to add the green beans.
rush out, forget, arrive at, go into,
show up (赶到；露面), find out
showed up
had
had forgotten
3. By the time my mother came back from the market , I ______ already
_____________ of the door to go to
my piano lesson.
4. Before she got to the airport, she
_____________ about the earthquake.
had
rushed out
had found out
rush out, forget, arrive at, go into,
show up , find out
5. When she ___________ the movie theater, she remembered she had forgotten to feed her dog.
6. Before she got a chance to say goodbye, he _______________ the building.
arrived at
had gone into
rush out, forget, arrive at, go into,
show up , find out
4c
Write two true statements and one false statement about your day yesterday. Then ask your classmates to guess the false statement.
1. By the time I left for school in the morning,
__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
I had already had breakfast.
I had already washed my face.
I had cleaned my bedroom.
2. By the end of the school day,
________________________________
________________________________
________________________________
3. By dinner time,
I_______________________________I_______________________________I_______________________________
I had got a present from Tom.
I had had these articles read.
I had finished my homework.
had had too many apples.
had eaten plenty of meat.
had done all the housework.
句型
When I got to school, I realized that I hadleft my backpack at home.
By the time I got back to school, the bell had rung.
Before I got to the bus stop, the bus had already left.
show up
by the end of
露面；赶到
在(某时间点)以前
Homework
1. Make five sentences with before,
by the time and be doing…when, and make use of the past perfect
tense.
2. Preview 1a-2a on page 93.