2025届高考英语专项复习 虚拟语气 课件（27张PPT）

(共27张PPT)
虚 拟 语 气
概念：谓语v用不同的形式表示说话人的不同意图，这种形式称为语气。语气分三种：
1.陈述语气：用来陈述一个事实，或提出一种看法，有肯定、否定、疑问、感叹等形式。
He is late for class. What fun!
He is not interested in classical music.
2.祈使语气：用来表示请求、邀请、命令、警告或劝告等（动词常用原形）
Don’t be late！
3.虚拟语气：表示说话人所说的不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。
一、虚拟语气在 if非真实条件句中
虚拟条件从句(If) 主 句
与现在事实相反的假设
与过去事实相反的假设
与将来事实相反的假设
主语+did/were
主语+should / would/
could / might + do
主语+ had done
主语+ should / would/ could / might +
have done
主语+
1.did
2.should do
3.were to do
主语+should / would/
could / might + do
If you had studied hard before, you would have passed the exam.
1.如果我是你，我会接受他的建议。
2.如果明天下雨，我会待在家里。
3.如果你以前好好学习， 你会通过考试的。
If I were you, I would accept his advice.
If it rained/should rain/were to rain tomorrow, I would stay at home.
You didn’t let me drive. If we ______ in turn, you ______ so tired.
drove; didn’t get
drove; wouldn’t get
were driving; wouldn’t get
had driven; wouldn’t have got
________ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yang Pu Bridge.
Were B. Should
C.Would D. Will
注意：
1.错综时间虚拟语气
当从句主句所表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。
If you ____________(follow)my advice just now, you _________(be)better now.
If you __________(study)hard before, you _______(be)a college student now.
had followed
would be
had studied
would be
If you ______ with George earlier, you _____ so angry now.
talked; would not be
had talked; would not be
would talk; would not be
had talked; would not have been
If we had taken such effective measures much earlier, the river _____ so seriously now.
is not polluted
would not be polluted
had not been polluted
would not have been polluted
2. if从句中，were，had（完成时态标志），should可以放在句首，（用于倒装结构），if必须省略。否定词not不能放在前面。
1.Had I not seen him then(Hadn’t I seen him then), I
wouldn't have been very happy.
2.If I were you, I would accept his advice.
3.If it rained/should rain/were to rain tomorrow, I would stay at home.
4.If you had studied hard before, you would have passed the exam.
Had you studied hard before,……
Were I you,……
Should it rain tomorrow/ Were it to rain tomorrow,
3、含蓄虚拟语气
有时为了表达的需要，在虚拟语气中，并不总是出现if引导的条件句，而通过其它手段来代替条件句。
常用的有介词with，without=if it had not been for，but for（倘没有，要不是）；连词or，but；副词otherwise等。
1.I was ill that day. Otherwise, I would have taken part in the sports meeting.
=If I hadn‘t been ill that day, I would have taken part in the sports meeting.
2.He telephoned to inform me of your birthday, or I would have known nothing about it.
3.I should have given you more help, but I was too busy.
4.What would you do with a million dollars
5.Without / But for your help, we couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time.
=If it had not been for your help, …
Without electricity, human being life ______ quite different today.
is
will be
would have been
would be
But for his help, I ______.
should not have succeeded
have not succeeded
did not succeed
had not succeeded
He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he _____ a goal.
had scored
scored
would score
would have scored
— Why didn’t you buy it
— I ______ but I didn’t have the money.
A. would
B. would have
C. had had
D. had bought
二、虚拟语气的其他用法
1.as if / as though（好像）+从句
与现在相反 did/were
与过去相反 had done
与将来相反 would/could/might+ do
He looks as if he were an artist.
He talked about the accident as if he had seen it.
(区分even if/though)
注意：若表示的确有某种可能(尤指天气），也可不用虚拟语气。
Eg. Look! The clouds are gathering.It looks as if it’s going to rain .
When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it ______.
A. breaks
B. has broken
C. were broken
D. had been broken
2.It is (high / about) time (that)
sb did/ sb should（不可省略） + do
该是某人做某事的时候了。
It is high time that you got up/should get up.
I’m getting tired; it’s time we _____ home.
A. go B. are going
C. went D. should be going
3.wish/if only(要是……就好了）+从句
与现在事实相反 did/were
与过去事实相反 had done（或用could have done）
与将来事实相反 could/would/might + do
I wish (that)he________________(visit) us tomorrow.
I wish (that) he_________(visit)us today.
I wish he____________________________(visit) us yesterday.
had visited us/ could have visited us
would /could /might visit
visited
If only you _____________ （listen)to our advice!
If only I _____ (be)a bird!
had listened
were
4.在would rather+宾语从句中
与现在或将来事实相反 did/were
与过去事实相反 had done
即：would rather sb did/ had done
I would rather you ______(come) here tomorrow.
I would rather you __________ (not tell)me the truth.
came
hadn’t told
5.用于表示
建议（advise/ suggest/ propose/recommend）
命令(order/ command)
要求(demand/require/ request/ desire)
坚持要求(insist) 等词相连的从句中需用虚拟语气：
sb （should）+ do
1.I suggested that he (should) go there at once. (宾语从句)
2.My advice is that we (should) tell him the news.
3.I made a suggestion that he------(同位语从句)
4.It is suggested that he------(主语从句)
5.My suggestion was that he-----(表语从句)
区别：
This is the suggestion that/ which he made at the meeting.(定语从句)
The officer gave the order that nothing ____ until the people arrived.
A. didn’t touch
B. touched
C. be touched
D. touch
注意：
suggest:表明，暗示 陈述语气
建议 虚拟语气
Her pale face suggested that she _____（be)ill and we suggested that she ________________(send) to hospital immediately.
Insist：坚持说，坚持认为 陈述语气
坚持主张，坚持要求 虚拟语气
He insisted that he ____________(not steal) the money and insisted that he _____________(set) free.
was
(should) be sent
hadn’t stolen
(should) be set
6.主语从句中的虚拟语气（主要是it作形式主语）
It is necessary / important / natural / strange / funny/ surprising/ a pity / a shame/ no wonder/ suggested / advised/recommended / desired 等that sb (should) + do
It is strange that he (should) have treated his parents like that.
It is a pity that Lucy (should) be so careless.
It is suggested that the meeting (should) be put off till next week.
It is strange that he didn’t come yesterday.
It is a pity that she can’t sing.
It is strange that the lazy boy _____ pass the exam.
A. has B. should
C. would D. might