学情分析 :学生们在上一单元已经初步接触过现在完成时态，对该时态有了大体的了解，本单元是上一单元的延续，学生们需深入学习并熟练运用现在完成时态。
效果分析：通过本节课的学习，学生们对现在完成时态的构成、用法及关键词等均熟练掌握。并能在句中熟练运用该时态。
教学设计
Step One Lead-in
Students read the title of this unit loudly ,they will know what we will learn in this unit ---Present Perfect tense.
Step Two Present Perfect Tense
定义：
表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
基本构成 1. 肯定句： have/has +动词的过去分词
注意：该句式中的have或has是助动词，has用于第三人称单数，其它人称一律用have。
2 否定句 haven’t/hasn’t+动词的过去分词
3. 疑问句：现在完成时的一般疑问句式 是把助动词have或has提到主语之前。
回答用Yes, …have (has). /No, …haven’t (hasn’t).
连用时间状语：already, yet, ever, never, just, before, several times 等。
如:
Have you ever eaten fish and chips?
I’ve just lost my science book.
I’ve never been to that farm before.
I haven’t learned the word yet.
动词过去分词的变化形式大部分与动词过去式形式相同，但是不规则动词的变化形式没有规律，需要记忆，比如：
see-saw-seen; be-was, were-been
eat-ate-eaten; break-broke-broken
go-went-gone; take-took-taken
send-sent-sent; find-found-found
make-made-made; have-had-had
Step Three 几个易混的短语辨析
have been to与have gone to 的区别
1. have (has) been to意为“曾经去过某地”，表示现在已经不在那里了。可与just, ever, never等连用。如：
Have you ever been to Hangzhou?
你曾经去过杭州吗？
I’ve been to Beijing three times.
我去过北京三次。
2. have (has) gone to 意为“到某地去了”，表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中。总之，说话时该人不在现场，一般不用第一、第二人称代词作句子的主语。如：
- Where is Tom?
汤姆在哪里？
- He has gone to the bookshop.
他到书店去了。
3.have (has) been in 在某地呆多久
通常与表示一段时间的状语连用
She has been in Zibo for five years.
Step Four现在完成时与一般过去时的区别
虽然这两个时态都和过去发生的事情有关，但是现在完成时强调这一动作与现在的关系，如对现在产生的结果、影响等，而一般过去时只表示过去的事实，不表示和现在的关系。如：
I have just been to London. I went there last month.
我刚去过伦敦，是上个月去的。
I have already finished my homework.
I finished it an hour ago.
我已经写完作业了，我是一个小时之前写完的。
Step Five 带for与since的短语如何用于现在完成时
for后常跟一段时间 for two years/for three days
since后可跟过去的年代、过去的时间点或一般过去时态的句子
动词必须是延续性动词
1.He ____（离开）from school for two years.（has been away)
2.How long can I____（借）this book？ (keep)
3.She_____(买）the computer since two weeks ago.(has had)
4.The film____(开始）for ten minutes.（has been on)
5.His father ____(死）since he was six. (been dead)
Step Six: Exercise
用所给单词的正确形式填空。
1. How long have you ____ (be) in China?
2. Tony and his sister ______ (have) a great time last weekend.
3. Have you ever ________ (travel) to Beijing?
4. Next week Bill’s mother ________ (fly) to London for vacation.
5. He ____ ever ______ (be) to the History Museum several times.
6. -- _____ you ever _____ (be) to the zoo?
-- Yes. I _____ (go) there last summer. I ____ (see) many kinds of animals there.
We _____ _______ (learn) English for more than two years.
8. -- Where is Mr. Wang?
9 -- He ________ (go) to the library. He wants to borrow some books.
10.It__________(be) ten years since we met last time.
完成句子
1. 他们从未听说过那个地方。
They have never ____ _____ the place.
在过去的三年了，我们学校发生了很大的变化。
Great changes____ ______ ______in our school in the past three years.
3. 他花光了所有的钱。
He____ __ ___ _____ all the money.
到目前为止，我们已经学了三千个英语单词了。
So far,we_____ ＿＿＿ ｔｈｒｅｅ ｔｈｏｕｓａｎｄ ｗｏｒｄｓ．
Homework:
Read the sentences in this unit to practise present perfect tense.
课件20张PPT。 Unit 7
Have you ever been to a museum? 周村区南郊中学 王玲山东教育出版社 英语 八年级上册 现在完成时Read and translate the following sentences.
1. I have just heard the news.
2. They haven’t returned from America yet.
3.I have already finished my homework.
4. My mother isn’t at home. She has gone
to the supermarket.
5. We have been friends since we were very
young.
6. Has she kept the dictionary for two weeks?Grammar现在完成时 Present perfect定义：
表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作
对现在造成的影响或结果。构成：1. 肯定句
现在完成时的肯定句式是
“have (has)＋过去分词”。
注意：该句式中的have或has是助动
词，has用于第三人称单数，其它人称
一律用have。2. 否定句：现在完成时的否定句式是
“haven’t（hasn’t）＋过去分词”。
3. 疑问句：现在完成时的一般疑问句式
是把助动词have或has提到主语之前。
回答用Yes, …have (has). /No, …haven’t (hasn’t).
连用时间状语：already, yet, ever, never,
just, before, several times 等。与现在完成时连用的几个副词：
肯定句:
疑问句和否定句:
yet 常置于句末
already, never, ever, just一般置于
助动词have/has之后，过去分词之前。already, just, ever, yet, never already, just ever, yet, never如:
Have you ever eaten fish and chips?
I’ve just lost my science book.
I’ve never been to that farm before.
I haven’t learned the word yet.动词过去分词的变化形式大部分与动词过去式形式相同，但是不规则动词的变化形式没有规律，需要记忆，比如：see-saw-seen; be-was, were-been
eat-ate-eaten; break-broke-broken
go-went-gone; take-took-taken
send-sent-sent; find-found-found
make-made-made; have-had-had have been to与have gone to 的区别 1. have (has) been to意为“曾经去过某地”，表示现在已经不在那里了。可与just, ever, never等连用。如：Have you ever been to Hangzhou?
你曾经去过杭州吗？
I’ve been to Beijing three times.
我去过北京三次。2. have (has) gone to 意为“到某地去了”，表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中。总之，说话时该人不在现场，一般不用第一、第二人称代词作句子的主语。如：
- Where is Tom?
汤姆在哪里？
- He has gone to the bookshop.
他到书店去了。have (has) been in 在某地呆多久
通常与表示一段时间的状语连用
She has been in Zibo for five years.同学们要注意现在完成时与一般过去时的区别。虽然这两个时态都和过去发生的事情有关，但是现在完成时强调这一动作与现在的关系，如对现在产生的结果、影响等，而一般过去时只表示过去的事实，不表示和现在的关系。如：现在完成时与一般过去时I have just been to London. I went there last month.
我刚去过伦敦，是上个月去的。
I have already finished my homework.
I finished it an hour ago.
我已经写完作业了，我是一个小时之前写完的。动词必须是延续性动词
1.He ____（离开）from school for two years.
2.How long can I____（借）this book？
3.She_____(买）the computer since two weeks ago.
4.The film____(开始）for ten minutes.
5.His father ____(死）since he was six.for后常跟一段时间 for two years/for three dayssince后可跟过去的年代、过去的时间点或一般过去时态的句子用所给单词的正确形式填空。 1. How long have you ____ (be) in China?
2. Tony and his sister ______ (have)
a great time last weekend.
3. Have you ever ________ (travel) to
Beijing?
4. Next week Bill’s mother ________ (fly)
to London for vacation.will fly beenhad traveled5. He ____ ever ______ (be) to the
History Museum several times.
6. -- _____ you ever _____ (be) to the zoo?
-- Yes. I _____ (go) there last summer.
I ____ (see) many kinds of animals
there.
7. We _____ _______ (learn) English for
more than two years.hasbeenHave beenwentsawhave learned8. -- Where is Mr. Wang?
-- He ________ (go) to the library. He
wants to borrow some books.
9. MrZhang _______ (plant) those trees.
He ____ (do) it the day before
yesterday.
8.It _____(be) ten years since we met last time.
has goneplanteddid1. 他们从未听说过那个地方。
They have never ____ _____ the place.
2. 在过去的三年了，我们学校发生了很大的变化。Great changes____ __ ___
in our school in the past three years.
3. 他花光了所有的钱。
He____ __ ___ _____ all the money.
4.到目前为止，我们已经学了3千个单词了。
So far,we______ ______three thousand words.heard ofhave taken placehas run out ofhave learnedThank you.教材分析
本册课本第六单元和第七单元都是学习有关现在完成时态的内容，在第六单元已经初步学习过现在完成时态的基础上，通过本节课的学习，让学生对该时态更加清晰明了，以便为第七单元整单元的学习做好铺垫。
观评记录：王老师的这节语法课，设计的内容和形式贴近学生的实际，符合学生的认知水平和生活经验，通过接触、理解、操练、运用语言等环节，逐步实现语法知识的内化。设计的教学环节，层层推进，学习思路明晰。将语法教学融合在各种活动中，新课程理念得到了很好的体现，每一个技能训练和教学环节，都有明确的目标。本课自始至终都体现着英语课程的工具性与人文性的有效结合。
评测练习：
用所给单词的正确形式填空。
1. How long have you ____ (be) in China?
2. Tony and his sister ______ (have) a great time last weekend.
3. Have you ever ________ (travel) to Beijing?
4. Next week Bill’s mother ________ (fly) to London for vacation.
5. He ____ ever ______ (be) to the History Museum several times.
6. -- _____ you ever _____ (be) to the zoo?
-- Yes. I _____ (go) there last summer.
We ____ _______ (learn) English for more than two years.
It _____(be) ten years since we met last time.
9. -- Where is Mr. Wang?
-- He ________ (go) to the library. He wants to borrow some books.
10. MrZhang _______ (plant) those trees.
He ____ (do) it the day before yesterday.
二、翻译句子
1. 他们从未听说过那个地方。
They have never ____ _____ the place.
在过去的三年了，我们学校发生了很大的变化。
Great changes____ ____ ___in our school in the past three years.
3. 他花光了所有的钱。
He____ __ ___ _____ all the money.
到目前为止，我们已经学了3千个单词了。
So far,we______ ______three thousand words.
课后反思：
通过本节课的学习，大部分学生对于现在完成时态有了清晰明了的认识，且做题时学会了看关键词判断时态。但仍有个别学生对于ｈａｖｅ／ｈａｓ用作实意动词或助动词时分不清。需通过课后的个别指导帮他们落实。
在具体语境中理解语法项目的意义和用法。
了解时态的基本结构和常用表意功能，
在实际运用中体会和领悟语言形式的表意功能。
理解并运用恰当的语言形式描述人和物。
