仁爱科普版八年级上册Unit1 Playing Sports Topic1 I’m going to play basketball. 知识点
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Unit1 Playing Sports
Topic1 I’m going to play basketball.
重点词汇
词形变化
win赢得→won→winner赢家 row划船→ rowing<动名词>
lose丢失失败→lost→loser失败者 skate滑冰 →skating <动名词>
cycle骑自行车→cycling<动名词> play玩→player运动员
science科学→scientist 科学家 art美术艺术→artist 艺术家
music音乐→musician音乐家→musical 音乐的
policeman警察 →policemen policewoman女警察 →policewomen
postman邮递员→postmen fisherman渔民→fishermen
health健康→healthy健康的→healthily健康地
excite使激动→exciting 激动的兴奋的→excited 使人激动的
interest使感兴趣 兴趣→interesting有趣的 →interested令人感兴趣的
relax放松→relaxing放松的→relaxed 令人放松的
bad坏的，糟糕的→badly差，严重地 leave离开→left
good好的→well好地(做的好) (身体)好
prefer更喜欢，宁愿→preferred →preferring
2、运动词汇： basketball篮球 volleyball排球 football/ soccer足球 baseball棒球
ping-pong乒乓球 swimming游泳 skating溜冰 rowing划船
cycling骑自行车 tennis网球 table tennis乒乓球 skiing滑雪
the high jump跳高 the long jump跳远 relay race接力赛
3.职业：
writer 作家 singer 歌手 dancer 跳舞者 lover 爱好者 player运动员 worker工人 teacher 教师 office worker 办公室职员 driver司机 farmer 农民
cook厨师 doctor 医生 actor演员 nurse护士 pilot 飞行员 postman邮递
scientist科学家 musician音乐家 fisherman 渔民 policeman 男警察 policewoman女警察
重点短语
during the summer holiday 在暑假期间 play against sb./ 队 对抗，与......比赛
play for 效力于 ...... play with 与......一起玩
cheer sb. up = make sb. happy 使某人振作起来 cheer sb. on为某人加油（sb.部分用宾格）
have a basketball game 举办一场篮球赛 in the future 在将来
on Sunday 在星期天 on Sundays 在各个星期天
quite a lot/bit 许多，大量 quite a few = many相当多
favorite player 最喜欢的运动员 favorite sport 最喜欢的运动
grow up 成长 长大成人 the long jump 跳远
the high jump 跳远 all over the world=around the world遍及全世界
重点知识
I often saw you playing basketball during the summer .
see→saw
see/hear sb. do sth. 看/听到某人做某事
(强调动作的全过程或经常反复发生, 现在动作已完成 标志词：often usually always...)
see/hear sb. doing sth. 看/听到某人正在做某事
（强调动作正在进行,常与when引导的时间状语从句连用）
I hope our team will win.
hope 的用法 ：hope to do sth. 希望做某事
hope (that)+从句 希望...... （宾从）
区分 wish的用法： wish to do sth. 希望做某事
wish (that)+从句 希望...... （宾从）
wish sb. to do sth. 希望某人做某事（sb.部分用宾格）
--Which sport do you prefer, swimming or rowing --I prefer rowing.
prefer更喜欢，宁愿→preferred →preferring→prefers三单
prefer=like ......better favorite= like......best
重要短语：prefer sth. 更喜欢某物
prefer doing sth.更喜欢做某事 I prefer reading books.
prefer A to B= like A better than B 相比B更喜欢A I prefer apples to bananas.
prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 相比做后者更喜欢做前者 I prefer reading books to watching TV.
【知识链接】
后加动词-ing的动词有：practice doing sth. 练习做某事，feel like doing sth. 想要做某事
risk doing sth. 冒险做某事 finish doing sth. 完成某事
mind doing sth. 介意做某事 suggest doing sth. 建议做某事
后加动词不定式的动词有：refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事 need to do sth. 需要做某事
want//would like to do sth. 想要做某事
hope/wish to do sth. 希望做某事 agree to do sth. 同意做某事
decide to do sth. 决定做某事 choose to do sth. 选择做某事
forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事 remember to do sth. 记得去做某事
既可加动词ing也可加动词不定式的动词有：
like to do sth.喜欢做某事 like doing sth.平常喜欢做某事
hate to do sth.不喜欢做某事 hate doing sth.平常不喜欢做某事
try to do sth.尽力去做某事 try doing sth.试着去做某事
remember to do sth.记得去做某事 remember doing sth.记得做过某事
forget to do sth.忘记去做某事 forget doing sth.忘记做过某事
stop to do sth.停下来去做某事 stop doing sth.停下正做的事
Are you going to join the school rowing team
区分join 和take part in
join< v.>加入 join +组织/sb.（sb.要用宾格） 加入某个组织/某人的行列
join...team 加入...队 eg: I want to join the basketball team.
join...club 加入...俱乐部 eg: I want to join the English club
join the army 参军 join the Party 入党
② take part in= join in=be in+活动 I’m going to take part in the basketball game next week.
5. What are you going to be when you grow up
grow →grew grow up 成长 长大成人
be going to be= want to be=would like to be 打算成为......想要成为......
6.She goes cycling twice a week and often goes mountain climbing on Sundays.
① go +v-ing 表示go的目的 去干什么
go cycling 骑自行车 go mountain climbing 去爬山
go swimming 去游泳 go skating去滑冰
twice a week 一周两次
倍数词:一次用once,两次用twice, 三次或三次以上用基数词+times。提问：How often...
She spends half an hour exercising in the gym every day.
half an hour 半小时 a half and an hour= one and a half hours 一个半小时
区分四个花费：spend/cost/ take /pay
主语 花钱或时 V-ed 句式结构/词组
spend 人 钱、时 spent spend time/money doing sth. 花时/钱做某事
spend time/money on sth. 在某物/事上花费时间/钱
cost 物/it 钱 cost sth. cost sb. some money 某物花了某人多少钱
It costs/cost sb. some money to do sth. 花某人多少钱做某事
take it 时 took It takes/took sb. some time to do sth. 花某人多少时间做某事
pay 人 钱 paid pay ...for... 为......支付......
eg/ He spends half an hour playing computer games every day. 他每天花半小时玩电脑游戏。
My father spent fifty yuan on this book. 这本书花了我爸爸50元。
The book cost me 30 yuan last week.
It cost me 30 yuan to buy this book.
It takes me an hour to do my homework every day.
He paid 5 yuan for this pen.
exercise 体操/早操/练习 do morning exercises做早操
do eye exercises 做眼保健操
do English exercises 做英语练习
锻炼，运动 do /take exercise = do sports做运动
锻炼，运动 She exercises every morning.
She is also good at jumping.
be good at+n./n短语/v-ing/prep. =do well in +n./n短语/v-ing/prep. 擅长做某事
be bad at+n./n短语/v-ing/prep. = do badly in+n./n短语/v-ing/prep.不擅长做...
be good for +n./n短语/v-ing/prep.对……有益/好处
be bad for+n./n短语/v-ing/prep. 对……有害/不好
e.g. It's good for your health. 这对你的健康有好处。
Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes. 在太阳底下看书对你的眼睛不好。
They are sure that she will win.
be sure to do sth. 确定做某事 She is sure to have lots of fun in the game.
be sure (that) +从句 I’m sure that I will do my best to study well.
Because it makes him strong and it’s popular all over the world.
① make的用法
make sb.+adj.使某人...... Doing sports makes me healthy.
make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事 He made me study hard.
make sb.+n. 使某人成为...... We made her our monitor（班长）.
② be popular with 受......的欢迎 Wang Junkai is popular with lots of girls.
③ all over the world=around the world遍及全世界
11. Swimming helps to keep her heart and lungs healthy. It is a good way to keep fit.
① V-ing (动名词)作主语谓语动词用三单。
② keep +adj. 保持某种状态 keep fit/healthy 保持健康
keep sb.+adj 使某人保持某种状态
keep doing sth. 不断的做某事 He kept standing during the meeting.
③ a good/nice/great way to do sth. 做......的好方法 Speaking is a good way to learn English.
11. He arrived in Beijing with his teammates yesterday.
四个到达
arrive at +小地名 (village 小村庄...…) （here/there/home 地点副词前省介词）
arrive in +大地名（北京，上海，厦门，美国……）（here/there/home 地点副词前省介词）
get to +地点 到达某地 （here/there/home 地点副词前省介词）
reach +地点 到达某地
12. But it's too bad that the team isn't going to stay for long.
① It's too bad that…= It's a pity that…= It's a shame that..很遗憾…..
② It’s +adj for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是……
13. They are leaving for Japan the day after tomorrow for a game with Japan’s national team.
① leave + 地点 “离开某地”
leave for + 地点 “动身前往某地”
leave + 地点 + for +地点 “离开某地去某地”
②表示位置移动的动词go, come, start, leave, begin, return, stop，move, travel等，可以用现在进行时表示将要发生的事。
语法
be going to一般将来时
定义： 一般将来时表示将来某个时间将要发生的动作和状态。
常用的时间状语（标志词）：tomorrow, next week/month/year, soon, in a week等。
构成 ：be going to do sth.
句式结构：
肯定句：主语+be(am, is, are)+going to do+其它.
② 否定句：主语+be + not + going to do+其它.
③一般疑问句：--Be+主语+going to do+其它？
--Yes, 主+be. /---No, 主+ be not.
④特殊疑问句：Wh-/How +一般疑问句？
5、there be句型的一般将来时
① 肯定句 There is/are going to be ...= There will be...
There is going to be a stamp collection this evening.下周将举行一次集邮展。
② 否定句 There isn't /aren’t going to be...= There will not be...
There isn't going to be a concert this evening. 今晚没有演唱会。
③ 一般疑问句 Is/Are there going to be...
Is there going to be a football match next month 下个月有一场足球赛吗？
（注意：在此结构中，be只能用be， 有there be 无have/has.）
6、现在进行时表将来
表示位置移动的动词go, come, start, leave, begin, return, stop，move, travel等，可以用现在进行时（be+v-ing）表示将要发生的事。
Are you leaving tomorrow 你明天动身吗？
She is coming to see you this afternoon. 她今天下午来看你。
Topic1 I’m going to play basketball.
重点词汇
词形变化
win
lose
cycle
science
music
policeman
postman
health
excite
interest
relax
bad
good
prefer
2、运动词汇： basketball篮球 volleyball排球 football/ soccer足球 baseball棒球
ping-pong乒乓球 swimming游泳 skating溜冰 rowing划船
cycling骑自行车 tennis网球 table tennis乒乓球 skiing滑雪
the high jump跳高 the long jump跳远 relay race接力赛
3.职业：
writer 作家 singer 歌手 dancer 跳舞者 lover 爱好者 player运动员 worker工人 teacher 教师 office worker 办公室职员 driver司机 farmer 农民
cook厨师 doctor 医生 actor演员 nurse护士 pilot 飞行员 postman邮递
scientist科学家 musician音乐家 fisherman 渔民 policeman 男警察 policewoman女警察
重点短语
during the summer holiday 在暑假期间 play against sb./ 队 对抗，与......比赛
play for 效力于 ...... play with 与......一起玩
cheer sb. up = make sb. happy 使某人振作起来 cheer sb. on为某人加油（sb.部分用宾格）
have a basketball game 举办一场篮球赛 in the future 在将来
on Sunday 在星期天 on Sundays 在各个星期天
quite a lot/bit 许多，大量 quite a few = many相当多
favorite player 最喜欢的运动员 favorite sport 最喜欢的运动
grow up 成长 长大成人 the long jump 跳远
the high jump 跳远 all over the world=around the world遍及全世界
重点知识
I often saw you playing basketball during the summer .
see→saw
see/hear sb. do sth. 看/听到某人做某事
(强调动作的全过程或经常反复发生, 现在动作已完成 标志词：often usually always...)
see/hear sb. doing sth. 看/听到某人正在做某事
（强调动作正在进行,常与when引导的时间状语从句连用）
I hope our team will win.
hope 的用法 ：hope to do sth. 希望做某事
hope (that)+从句 希望...... （宾从）
区分 wish的用法： wish to do sth. 希望做某事
wish (that)+从句 希望...... （宾从）
wish sb. to do sth. 希望某人做某事（sb.部分用宾格）
--Which sport do you prefer, swimming or rowing --I prefer rowing.
prefer
prefer=like ......better favorite= like......best
重要短语：prefer sth. 更喜欢某物
prefer doing sth.更喜欢做某事 I prefer reading books.
prefer A to B= like A better than B 相比B更喜欢A I prefer apples to bananas.
prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 相比做后者更喜欢做前者 I prefer reading books to watching TV.
【知识链接】
后加动词-ing的动词有：practice doing sth. 练习做某事，feel like doing sth. 想要做某事
risk doing sth. 冒险做某事 finish doing sth. 完成某事
mind doing sth. 介意做某事 suggest doing sth. 建议做某事
后加动词不定式的动词有：refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事 need to do sth. 需要做某事
want//would like to do sth. 想要做某事
hope/wish to do sth. 希望做某事 agree to do sth. 同意做某事
decide to do sth. 决定做某事 choose to do sth. 选择做某事
forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事 remember to do sth. 记得去做某事
既可加动词ing也可加动词不定式的动词有：
like to do sth.喜欢做某事 like doing sth.平常喜欢做某事
hate to do sth.不喜欢做某事 hate doing sth.平常不喜欢做某事
try to do sth.尽力去做某事 try doing sth.试着去做某事
remember to do sth.记得去做某事 remember doing sth.记得做过某事
forget to do sth.忘记去做某事 forget doing sth.忘记做过某事
stop to do sth.停下来去做某事 stop doing sth.停下正做的事
Are you going to join the school rowing team
区分join 和take part in
join< v.>加入 join +组织/sb.（sb.要用宾格） 加入某个组织/某人的行列
join...team 加入...队 eg: I want to join the basketball team.
join...club 加入...俱乐部 eg: I want to join the English club
join the army 参军 join the Party 入党
② take part in= join in=be in+活动 I’m going to take part in the basketball game next week.
5. What are you going to be when you grow up
grow →grew grow up 成长 长大成人
be going to be= want to be=would like to be 打算成为......想要成为......
6.She goes cycling twice a week and often goes mountain climbing on Sundays.
① go +v-ing 表示go的目的 去干什么
go cycling 骑自行车 go mountain climbing 去爬山
go swimming 去游泳 go skating去滑冰
twice a week 一周两次
倍数词:一次用once,两次用twice, 三次或三次以上用基数词+times。提问：How often...
She spends half an hour exercising in the gym every day.
half an hour 半小时 a half and an hour= one and a half hours 一个半小时
区分四个花费：spend/cost/ take /pay
主语 花钱或时 V-ed 句式结构/词组
spend 人 钱、时 spent spend time/money doing sth. 花时/钱做某事
spend time/money on sth. 在某物/事上花费时间/钱
cost 物/it 钱 cost sth. cost sb. some money 某物花了某人多少钱
It costs/cost sb. some money to do sth. 花某人多少钱做某事
take it 时 took It takes/took sb. some time to do sth. 花某人多少时间做某事
pay 人 钱 paid pay ...for... 为......支付......
eg/ He spends half an hour playing computer games every day. 他每天花半小时玩电脑游戏。
My father spent fifty yuan on this book. 这本书花了我爸爸50元。
The book cost me 30 yuan last week.
It cost me 30 yuan to buy this book.
It takes me an hour to do my homework every day.
He paid 5 yuan for this pen.
exercise
do eye exercises 做眼保健操
do English exercises 做英语练习
She is also good at jumping.
be good at+n./n短语/v-ing/prep. =do well in +n./n短语/v-ing/prep. 擅长做某事
be bad at+n./n短语/v-ing/prep. = do badly in+n./n短语/v-ing/prep.不擅长做...
be good for +n./n短语/v-ing/prep.对……有益/好处
be bad for+n./n短语/v-ing/prep. 对……有害/不好
e.g. It's good for your health. 这对你的健康有好处。
Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes. 在太阳底下看书对你的眼睛不好。
They are sure that she will win.
be sure to do sth. 确定做某事 She is sure to have lots of fun in the game.
be sure (that) +从句 I’m sure that I will do my best to study well.
Because it makes him strong and it’s popular all over the world.
① make的用法
make sb.+adj.使某人...... Doing sports makes me healthy.
make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事 He made me study hard.
make sb.+n. 使某人成为...... We made her our monitor（班长）.
② be popular with 受......的欢迎 Wang Junkai is popular with lots of girls.
③ all over the world=around the world遍及全世界
11. Swimming helps to keep her heart and lungs healthy. It is a good way to keep fit.
① V-ing (动名词)作主语谓语动词用三单。
② keep +adj. 保持某种状态 keep fit/healthy 保持健康
keep sb.+adj 使某人保持某种状态
keep doing sth. 不断的做某事 He kept standing during the meeting.
③ a good/nice/great way to do sth. 做......的好方法 Speaking is a good way to learn English.
11. He arrived in Beijing with his teammates yesterday.
四个到达
arrive at +小地名 (village 小村庄...…) （here/there/home 地点副词前省介词）
arrive in +大地名（北京，上海，厦门，美国……）（here/there/home 地点副词前省介词）
get to +地点 到达某地 （here/there/home 地点副词前省介词）
reach +地点 到达某地
12. But it's too bad that the team isn't going to stay for long.
① It's too bad that…= It's a pity that…= It's a shame that..很遗憾…..
② It’s +adj for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是……
13. They are leaving for Japan the day after tomorrow for a game with Japan’s national team.
① leave + 地点 “离开某地”
leave for + 地点 “动身前往某地”
leave + 地点 + for +地点 “离开某地去某地”
②表示位置移动的动词go, come, start, leave, begin, return, stop，move, travel等，可以用现在进行时表示将要发生的事。
语法
be going to一般将来时
定义： 一般将来时表示将来某个时间将要发生的动作和状态。
常用的时间状语（标志词）：tomorrow, next week/month/year, soon, in a week等。
构成 ：be going to do sth.
句式结构：
肯定句：主语+be(am, is, are)+going to do+其它.
② 否定句：主语+be + not + going to do+其它.
③一般疑问句：--Be+主语+going to do+其它？
--Yes, 主+be. /---No, 主+ be not.
④特殊疑问句：Wh-/How +一般疑问句？
5、there be句型的一般将来时
① 肯定句 There is/are going to be ...= There will be...
There is going to be a stamp collection this evening.下周将举行一次集邮展。
② 否定句 There isn't /aren’t going to be...= There will not be...
There isn't going to be a concert this evening. 今晚没有演唱会。
③ 一般疑问句 Is/Are there going to be...
Is there going to be a football match next month 下个月有一场足球赛吗？
（注意：在此结构中，be只能用be， 有there be 无have/has.）
6、现在进行时表将来
表示位置移动的动词go, come, start, leave, begin, return, stop，move, travel等，可以用现在进行时（be+v-ing）表示将要发生的事。
Are you leaving tomorrow 你明天动身吗？
She is coming to see you this afternoon. 她今天下午来看你。
同课章节目录
- Unit 1 Playing Sports
- Topic 1 I'm going to play basketball.
- Topic 2 I'll kick you the ball again.
- Topic 3 The school sports meet is coming.
- Unit 2 Keeping Healthy
- Topic 1 You should brush your teeth twice a day.
- Topic 2 I must ask him to give up smoking.
- Topic 3 Must we exercise to prevent the flu?
- Unit 3 Our Hobbies
- Topic 1 What's your hobby?
- Topic 2 What sweet music!
- Topic 3 What were you doing at this time yesterday
- Unit 4 Our World
- Topic 1 What's the strongest animal on the farm?
- Topic 2 How can we protect ourselves from the eart
- Topic 3 The Internet makes the world smaller.