2016中考英语（人教版）教材知识梳理 七年级(下)　Units 5—8学案

七年级(下)　Units 5—8
中考基础知识梳理
类别 课标考点要求
词汇攻关 1.beautiful→(反义词)________→(名词)________→(副词)________2．Australia→(形容词)________3．south→(形容词)________→(合成词)东南________4．Africa→(形容词)________5．sleep→(形容词)困倦的________→(形容词)睡着的________→(形容词的反义词)醒着的________6．danger→(反义词)________→(形容词)________→(形容词的反义词)安全的________ 7.America→(形容词)________8．child→(复数)________9．rain→(形容词)________10．sun→(形容词)________11．bad→(比较级)________→(最高级)________12．dry→(反义词)________13．cold→(反义词)________14．warm→(反义词)________15．visit→(名词)参观者________16．Canada→(形容词)________17．office→(形近词)军官，官员________18．north→(形容词)________→(合成词)东北________
短语归纳 1.稍微，有点儿____________2．南非____________3．迷路____________4．处于(极大)危险之中________5．砍倒____________6．由……制成____________7．看报纸____________8．看电影____________9．出去吃饭____________10．喝茶____________ 11.给某人捎个口信，传话____________12．度假____________13．警察局____________14．付费电话____________15．在……对面____________16．在……前面____________17．沿着……走____________18．向右/左转____________19．花时间____________20．喜欢阅读____________
句型再现 1.“你为什么想看它们？”“因为它们很有趣。”—________ do you ________ them —________ they're interesting.2．他(小狗)可以用两条腿走路。He can ____________.3．大象是泰国的象征之一。The elephant is ____________.4．“你在忙什么呢？”“没忙什么。”—____________？—Not much.5．你想跟我一起吃饭吗？Do you want to ________ dinner 6．“北京的天气怎么样？”“天气晴朗。”—____________ in Beijng —It's sunny. 7.“近来可好？”“还不错”。—____________？—Not bad.8．你能否告诉他给我回个电话？Could you just ____________？9．我正开心地拜访我在加拿大的姑姑。I'm ____________ my aunt in Canada.10．你们国家现在很热，对吗？It's hot in your country now，____________？11．要去那儿的话，我通常步行外出，在大桥路向右拐。________，I usually walk out and ________ Bridge Road.12．图书馆很安静，我喜欢在那里看书。The library is very quiet and I ________ there.
语法结构 1.why，what，where引导的特殊疑问句。2．现在进行时。3．there be句型。
话题 1.Animals in the zoo(动物园里的动物)2．Everyday activities(日常活动) 3.The weather(天气)4．The neighborhood(邻里)
河北五年中考真题演练
◆词汇类
1．(2013河北82题)It is a ________ day.Let's go outside and play.(sun)
(　　)2.(2012河北33题)Martha is a ________ girl.She always smiles and says hello to others.
A．shy　B．friendly　C．crazy　D．healthy
◆动词的时态
(　　)3.(2015河北34题)We're proud that China ________ stronger and stronger these years.
A．will become　　　　B．became
C．is becoming D．was becoming
(　　)4.(2014河北37题)Someone ________ at the door.Can you open it
A．knocks B．knocked
C．is knocking D．was knocking
(　　)5.(2013河北36题)You ________．Don't talk on the phone.
A．will drive B．are driving
C．were driving D．have driven
(　　)6.(2012河北38题)The clothing store ________ a sale.The clothes there are very cheap.
A．has B．had
C．is having D．was having
(　　)7.(2012河北29题)________ something wrong with my bike.Can I use yours
A．It is B．It was
C．There is D．There was
(　　)8.(2011河北28题)There ________ lots of people at the restaurant when I got there.
A．is　 　B．was C．are　　D．were
◆句型类
9．(2014河北86题)night，did，last，rain，it
________________________________________________________________________
10．(2013河北90题)match，a，now，be，TV，football，there，on
________________________________________________________________________.
11．(2015河北84题)interesting，activity，many，there，were
________________________________________________________________________.
河北中考重难点突破
　forget v．忘记；遗忘
【考点抢测】
1．Don't forget ________(take) out the trash after supper.
2．Mr. King looked at me in surprise，as if he had forgotten ________(meet) me in the park yesterday.
3．选用forget和leave的正确形式填空。
—Why did Sam ________ to do his homework
—Because he ________ his schoolbag at school.
(　　)4.(2015沧州8中模拟)—I'm sorry I ________ my exercise book at home this morning.
—It doesn't matter.Don't forget ________ it here afternoon.
A．left；to take　　　B．forgot；bringing
C．left；to bring D．forgot；to bring
【满分点拨】
辨析forget to do sth.与forget doing sth.
forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事(事情还没有做) Don't forget to close the door.不要忘记关门。(门还没关)
forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事(事情已经做了) I forgot closing the door.我忘记已经关上门了。(门已经关了)
【温馨提示】
forget可表示“忘记带某物”，当表示“把某物忘在某处”时应用leave。
Sorry，I forgot my key.抱歉，我忘带钥匙了。
I left my key in my office.我把钥匙落在办公室了。
　辨析be made of与be made from
【考点抢测】
be made of　be made from　be made in
be made by　be made up of
5．The paper ________ wood.
6．The buildings which ________ stones are really strong.
7．The computers which ________ Japan sell well.
8．The coat ________ an old woman.
9．Our class ________ six small groups.
【满分点拨】
be made和不同的介词构成的短语
be made of 由……制成(看得出原材料)
be made from 由……制成(看不出原材料)
be made in 在(某地)制造
be made by 由(某人)制造
be made up of 由……组成
图解助记：be made各种“制造”均不同
　辨析other，the other，others，the others与another
【考点抢测】
other　the other　others　the others　another
10．Tom，you should know how to get on well with ________．
11．He has two sons.One is a doctor，________ is a student.
12．—What a hot day！Have you had a drink
—Yes.But I'd like to have ________ after work.
(　　)13.(2015唐山友谊中学模拟)I don't like this pen.Would you please show me ________？
A．another B．the other
C．other D．others
【满分点拨】
表示两件东西或两个人中“一个……另一个……”
○●onethe__other
表示一定范围内“其余所有的”时，相当于the other＋名词复数
○●●●●●onethe__others
○○○●●●●●somethe__others
表示许多人或物中的“一部分”和“另一部分，并非全部”
○○○●●●○○○someothers
表示一定数目中的“一个”与“另一个”
○○○●○○oneanother
　How's the weather
【考点抢测】
14．How was the weather last Sunday？(改为同义句)
____________ last Sunday
15．It's cloudy today.(对画线部分提问)
________________________________________________________________________
16．will，be，the，day，tomorrow，how，after，weather，the(连词成句)
________________________________________________________________________
【满分点拨】
How's the weather？意为“天气怎么样？”how为疑问副词，weather为不可数名词。它的回答应为It's＋表示天气的形容词。如：It's sunny(阳光明媚的)/cloudy(有云的)/snowy(下雪的)/rainy(多雨的)/windy(有风的)/foggy(有雾的)。
How's the weather？＝What's the weather like？What为疑问代词，后加介词like。be like意为(像……样子)。如：How was the weather yesterday？＝What was the weather like yesterday？昨天天气怎么样？How will the weather be tomorrow？＝What will the weather be like tomorrow？明天天气怎么样？注意系动词be在各种时态中的变化。
在句末可以加上“介词＋地点/时间”等短语。如：How is the weather in Beijing？(＝What is the weather like in Beijing？)北京天气怎么样？
　辨析message，news与information
【考点抢测】
17．I have a piece of good ________ to tell you.I passed the exam.
18．She knew about much ________ about vacation last month.
19．Could you take some ________ to him
【满分点拨】
news 新闻 不可数名词 指广播、电视、报纸等新闻媒体发布的社会各方面的最新消息。 a piece of news一条消息
infor mation 信息；消息 不可数名词 阅读、观察、谈话或者书信中特别关注的消息、资料等，这里侧重内容。 get some information获取信息
mes sage 信息；消息 可数名词 意指音讯，一般指口头传递的或者书写的“消息”。 take amessage捎个口信
　辨析pay，spend，cost与take
【考点抢测】
20．My sister ________ 30 dollars for a pair of jeans.
21．It ________ us more than two hours to plant the trees yesterday.
22．The dictionary ________ her five dollars.
23．Tom used to ________ much time playing the computer games.
【满分点拨】
词语 辨析 例句
cost “花费”，主语必须是物或某种活动。常见句型sth.cost…“某物花费……”。 The dictionary cost me 20 dollars.这本字典花费我20美元。
spend “花费”，主语是人。常用于sb. spend(s)some time/some money on sth./(in)doing sth.“某人花费时间/金钱/做某事”。 He spent three days on the work.＝He spent three days doing the work.他做这项工作用了三天的时间。
pay “付款；支付”，主语是人，常见搭配pay for“付费”。 He has paid 50 dollars for the medicine.他已付了50美元买药。
take “花费”，常用句型It takes sb. some time to do sth.“花费某人多久去做某事”。 It took me three months to draw the beautiful flowers.画这些漂亮的花用了我三个月的时间。
拓展：pay的相关词组
pay for偿付　　　　　pay off还清
pay on a visit探访 pay up全部付清
pay attention to注意，关心
pay back偿还(借款)报答，报复
　辨析across，cross，through，over，past
【考点抢测】
24．He swam ________ the river last year.
25．If we can't go ________ the mountain，we must go around it.
26．We looked ________ the window and saw some children playing on the playground.
27．She went ________ the classroom of Class 4.
28．His father ________ the street from the post office.
【满分点拨】
go across the street(＝cross the street) “横越，穿过”，指从表面走，从一边到另一边。
go through the tunnel “穿越”，指从空间内穿过。
jump over the hurdle “越过”，指超过一段距离或一段时间。
　辨析in front of与in the front of
【考点抢测】
29．There is a blackboard ________ the classroom.
30．The teacher is standing ________ the class.
(　　)31.(2015张家口9中模拟)Put your hands ________ you.
A．in front of　　　　　B．in the front of
C．in front D．behind
(　　)32.(2015泰安中考)Let's sit ________ the bus.
A．in front of B．in the front of
C．in front D．behind
【满分点拨】
in front of与at/in the front of的区别
in front of表示位置，“在……(外部)的前面”
at/in the front of表示位置，“在……(内部)的前面”
in front“在(最)前面”，后无宾语
　enjoy的用法
【考点抢测】
33．They ________(玩得高兴)at Tom's birthday party last night.
34．I enjoyed ________ (玩电脑) games when I was a child.
35．—Did you ________ (喜欢) the concert on March 5th
—Yes，I had a great time.
【满分点拨】
(1)enjoy doing sth.“喜欢做某事；享受做某事的乐趣”；
(2)enjoy oneself“玩得开心”；相当于have fun/have a good time，常用于表达祝福，后面可以接doing结构；
(3)enjoy的形容词是enjoyable，意为“愉快的；快乐的”。
　How's it going？近来可好？
【考点抢测】
(　　)36.(2014昆明中考)—How's it going，Alan
—________.
A．Long time no see
B．I'm drawing a picture
C．It's going to rain
D．Pretty good
【满分点拨】
本句是询问对方处境或事情进展如何的习惯用语，相当于汉语中的“近况如何？”“一切还好吗？”，后面可跟介词短语with sb./sth.可与How is everything？互换。
How's it going with Mary's study
玛丽的学习情况最近怎么样？
【归纳拓展】回答该句型时可根据不同情况来回答：
Pretty good！相当不错/非常好！
Great！很好！
Not bad！还不错！
Just so so.一般般。
Terrible！太糟糕了！
Everything is going well.一切进展顺利。
　Excuse me.Is there a bank near here 打扰一下，请问这附近有银行吗？(问路)
【考点抢测】
(　　)37.(2015石家庄41中模拟)—Excuse me，could you tell me ________？
—Go along this street until you see some buildings with golden roofs.
A．how I can go to Tianning Temple(天宁寺)
B．how often you go to Tianning Temple
C．how soon you will go to Tianning Temple
D．how many times you have been to Tianning Temple
【满分点拨】
问路与指路是中考常考的情景交际题目，问路前一般会用Excuse me引起对方注意并表示礼貌；问路后一般会以Thank you表示感谢。
【归纳拓展】
(1)常用的问路句型
Excuse me.
(2)常用的指路句型
①It's＋介词短语(地点)．它在……。
②It's about…meters from here.它离这儿大约有……米。
③It's about…meters along on the left/right.向前走，在左/右侧大约……米。
④Walk on and turn left/right.向前走，然后向左/右拐。
河北中考考点精练
Ⅰ.单项选择。
(　　)1.(2015莱芜中考)—Tom, don' be ________. You should make your bed every morning.
— Sorry, Dad.I'll do it now.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
A．lazy B．shy
C．careless D．foolish
(　　)2.(2015广东中考)Mickey Mouse is one of the most famous ________in American________.
A．symbol; culture
B．symbol; cultures
C．symbols; culture
D．symbols; cultures
(　　)3. (2015贵港中考)People have ________ too many trees to make desks, chairs, chopsticks and so on.
A．cut up B．cut down
C．put up D．put off
(　　)4. (2015沈阳中考)— Look! The old man ________ a big box into the house.
— Let's go and help him.
A．pulls B．pulled
C．is pulling D．has pulled
(　　)5. (2015铜仁中考)—Excuse me, where is the bookstore
—Go ________ the bridge. You'll see it on your left.
A．on B．cross
C．across D．through
(　　)6. (2015廊坊广阳区模拟) These birds fly a long way south in autumn. But they never ________．
A．get away B．get back
C．get along D．get lost
(　　)7. (2015石家庄15中模拟) —Peter, could you come and help me in the garden, please
—Sorry, Dad, I am busy. I ________ Lucy with her physics.
A．help B．helped
C．have helped D．am helping
(　　)8. (2015唐山路北区模拟)—My father and I will ________ the Great Wall this weekend.
—Wonderful! Have a good time.
A．look B．watch
C．visit D．see
(　　)9. (2016原创预测)Don't ________ to turn off the lights when you finish doing your experiment.
A．remember B．hope
C．forget D．spend
(　　)10. (2016原创预测)Michael is very ________ and we enjoy making friends with him.
A．lazy B．quiet
C．friendly D．free
Ⅱ.(2015呼和浩特中考)完形填空。
For most children, the most useful way of spending their time is playing a game. It doesn't matter __1__the game is. Things become better when they need a(n) __2__ to play with. On the one hand, it is quite __3__ for the development of a child's personality(个性) to win and to __4__ the best ways to get that. On the other hand, if a child only cares about __5__ , then for him, playing a game is funny only when he wins. Or if he finds a better partner, he will get __6__ and he doesn't want to go on playing.
It's parents' __7__ to make their children know that: you can't always win and there are many unpleasant moments __8__ when you have to learn how to lose. The idea is to compete, to prove you are good, not only to win.
In a word, playing a game is not funny only when you win. It is funny __9__ you enjoy it and try your best to win. If you are just a little bit unlucky, don't __10__ a lot. You will surely prove your abilities some other day.
(　　)1. A．how　　　B．why　　　C．what　　　D．when
(　　)2. A．owner B．worker C．student D．partner
(　　)3. A．useful B．simple C．correct D．special
(　　)4. A．pay attention to B．take pride in
C．jump out of D．think of
(　　)5. A．playing B．studying
C．winning D．losing
(　　)6. A．unhappy B．lonely
C．relaxed D．excited
(　　)7. A．rule B．duty C．plan D．habit
(　　)8. A．in life B．in the future
C．in fact D．in the way
(　　)9. A．or B．and C．when D．before
(　　)10. A．worry B．believe
C．wish D．imagine
Ⅲ.(2015襄阳中考)阅读理解。
Parents must teach their children how to express their emotions. Parents can help their children express and understand their emotions in many ways.
Help your child identify his/her feelings. If your child is sad, say, “I notice you're sad.You're frowning(皱眉) and looking down at the floor. ”
Encourage your child to act out his/her feelings with puppets(木偶) and action figures. Sometimes children are more comfortable using imaginary figures to act out the big, scary emotions they feel.
Set a good example. Because children often mimic their parents, it is important to express your own emotions in positive ways. Discuss with him/her how you express negative feelings, such as anger or frustration, through exercise, writing, listening to music or thinking.Praise your child when he/she first expresses his/her feelings through words. If your child notices how proud you are of her, he/she will be more likely to express his/her feelings in the future.
Read books to your child that focus on feelings and expressing. When you come across a page where a character is showing an emotion, ask your child, “Do you think the boy on this page is feeling happy or sad Why do you think he feels this way？”
(　　) 1. How many ways does the writer tell the children to express their emotions
A．Four.　B．Five.　C．Six.　D．Seven.
(　　) 2. If your child is sad, he may ________．
A．look up B．talk loudly
C．look down D．look straight
(　　) 3. Children often mimic ________ according to the passage.
A．their friends B．their teachers
C．their sisters D．their parents
Ⅳ.(2015沧州二模)任务型阅读。
For years I went to school by bus，so I met many“familiar”strangers.We took the same bus but didn't know each other's name.I used to think it was ________ for us to be true friends.How wrong I was！Smiles from the“nameless”people have changed my thoughts.
I always saw a silent girl in the front of the bus.Her old clothes suggested that she didn't have much money，but she always took a cup of water for the driver.I guessed she was a kind girl.But why did she sit in silence instead of talking with us
Then，one evening，I got the answer.I walked to the park nearby and found the girl sitting alone under a tree，lonely and sad.I__greeted__her__with__the__same__warm__smile__that__I__had__shown__to__her__all__these__months，but__this__time__her__face__turned__red，then__a__shy__smile__appeared.As soon as she began her first words，I understood why she hadn't spoken to us before.Talking was hard for her.
I learned her story：Her parents worked hard somewhere.She lived with her disabled grandparents.She said，“I can't express(表达) myself very well.Most of the time，I can't say what I want to say.I have no friends but…You always smile to me like an angel…So I also want to smile.”That evening，we exchanged our names and we said goodbye like old friends.
Smile is the key to opeing the door of the heart，and it can break the cold walls in front of us.
1题完成句子；2题简略回答问题：3题将文中横线处空缺的单词填写在下面的答题线上；4题找出并写下第一段的主题句；5题将文中画线句子译成汉语。
1．The author often met this girl ________．
2．Why is talking hard for this girl
________________________________________________________________________
3．________________________________________________________________________
4．________________________________________________________________________
5．________________________________________________________________________
Ⅴ.(2016原创预测)词语运用。
One sunny afternoon, Bernard Shaw(萧伯纳), was having a walk in a (1)________(quietly) field.The air was fresh and the view was beautiful. While he was (2)________(walk), a bike rider ran into him. Mr. Shaw fell to the ground.The rider was very sorry. He got off his bike to help Mr. Shaw get up. (3)L________， Mr. Shaw was not hurt. “I'm so sorry！” said the rider.
“Oh, no，” said Bernard Shaw. “I should say sorry. I'm sorry for not (4)________(give) luck to you.” Mr. Shaw looked at the puzzled(迷惑的) rider and (5) ________(add), “If you had killed me, you know, you would be famous all over the world.”
Ⅵ.(2016原创预测)连词成句。
1. do, like, you, pandas
________________________________________________________________________
2. me, take, a, please, message, for
________________________________________________________________________.
3. just, for, weather, walking, the, is, right
________________________________________________________________________.
4. talking, they, what, about, are
________________________________________________________________________
5. in, animals, great, danger, are, many
________________________________________________________________________.
Ⅶ.(2015自贡中考)书面表达。
假如你是校报编辑，学校决定在校报上宣传一批优秀学生。请你用英文向全校同学介绍优秀同学之一王磊，内容如下：
1．王磊，男，九年级一班学生；
2．王磊的外貌、兴趣爱好和特长；
3．王磊的英语成绩优异，介绍他学习英语的2—3种方法；
4．王磊乐于助人，在学习上帮助同学。
要求：(1)表达清楚，语法正确，上下文连贯；
(2)必须包括所有相关信息，并作适当发挥；
(3)词数：80词左右；
(4)不得使用真实姓名和校名等。