2016中考英语（人教版）教材知识梳理 八年级(上)　Units 4—6

八年级(上)　Units 4—6
中考基础知识梳理
类别 课标考点要求
词汇攻关 1.choose→(名词)________→(过去式)________2．comfortable→(副词)________→(反义词)________3．creative→(名词)________4．perform→(名词)表演者________→(名词)表演________5．magic→(名词)魔术师________6．beautiful→(反义词)________→(副词)________7．poor→(反义词)________8．educate→(名词)教育________→(形容词)________ 9.discuss→(名词)________10．success→(形容词)________→(副词)______→(动词)________11．simple→(副词)________12．able→(名词)________→(形容词)丧失能力的________13．agree→(反义词)________→(名词)________14．begin→(同义词)________→(反义词)________→(名词)________→(名词的反义词)________15．appear→(反义词)________
短语归纳 1.到目前为止，迄今为止____________2．有相同特征____________3．是……的职责，由……决定____________4．发挥作用，有影响____________5．例如____________6．认真对待……____________7．查明，弄清____________8．装扮，乔装打扮____________9．代替，替换____________ 10.干得好____________11．长大，成长____________12．确信，对……有把握____________13．在……开始时____________14．关于，与……有关系____________15．(尤指为消遣)学着做，开始做____________16．同意，赞成____________17．编造(故事，谎言等)____________18．确保，查明____________
句型再现 1.哪家电影院最好？____________ movie theatre 2．才艺表演变得越来越受欢迎。Talent shows are ____________．3．那由你自己来决定。That's ____________．4．人们看这样的节目时，通常承担着评判优胜者的角色。When people watch the show，they usually ____________ the winner.5．然而，并不是每个人都喜欢看这些表演。However，________enjoys watching these shows.6．“你认为访谈节目怎么样？”“很好，我不介意。”—____________ talk shows —They're OK.________ them. 7.因为我希望能弄清楚世界各地正在发生什么事情。Because I ____________ what's going on around the world.8．在20世纪30年代，他用米老鼠制作了87部卡通片。____________，he made 87 cartoons with Mickey.9．然而，他总是准备好尽其所能。However，he was ____________．10．我打算学习计算机科学。I'm ____________ computer science.11．长大后你打算成为什么？____________ when you grow up 12．有时这些决定可能会太难而无法实现。Sometimes the resolutions may be ____________keep.
语法结构 1.be going to＋动词原形。2．形容词、副词最高级的构成和基本用法。
话题 1.Personal traits(外貌特征)2．Your town(你的城镇)
河北五年中考真题演练
◆词汇类
1．(2014河北81题)Linda is the biggest ________of the car race.(win)
2．(2011河北83题)Mrs.Chan told us to write as ________as we could.(care)
(　　)3.(2012河北43题)Some animals can even see things ________in the dark.
A．bad　　　　　　B．badly
C．clear D．clearly
◆形容词比较等级
(　　)4.(2012河北31题)You are doing great！I've never had ________answer before.
A．better B．best
C．a better D．the best
(　　)5.(2014河北41题)Water is the cheapest drink.And it's also ________．
A．healthier B．healthiest
C．the healthier D．the healthiest
(　　)6.(2011河北34题)Of all the subjects，chemistry seems to be ________for me.
A．difficult B．too difficult C．more difficult D．the most difficult
河北中考重难点突破
　辨析loudly，loud与aloud
【考点抢测】
1．That music is too ________．Please turn it down.
2．Please speak ________，or I can't hear you clearly.
3．He was reading his sister's letter ________at that time.
4．When you are in trouble，you should call ________for help.
5．She screamed as ________as she could.
【满分点拨】
loudly，loud，aloud作为副词都有“大声地，响亮地”的意思。但又有以下区别：
词条 意义 用法
aloud 大声地；出声地 指为使人听见而出声，常与read连用。
loud 大声地 通常指说话声或笑声响亮，一般用来修饰speak，talk，sing，laugh等词。
loudly 大声地 通常带有“喧闹”的意味，常修饰shout，call，cry，knock等词。
She is reading aloud.她正在朗读。
Why are they laughing so loud
他们为什么笑得那么大声？
They all shouted loudly.他们都大声地喊叫。
　辨析win与beat(河北中考2014年81题)
【考点抢测】
6．Mary ________the first place in the oral English competition.
7．She had a nature that quickly ________her the friendship of her classmates.
8．I ________John at chess yesterday.
9．We ________their team by 5∶4.
10．He ________badly ________in the election.
【满分点拨】
win “赢得；获胜”，作及物动词，后接比赛(game)、奖品(prize)或战争(war)等作宾语，win还可作vi.表获胜。
beat “打赢，战胜”，用于比赛时，其宾语为所战胜的对手。
win和beat的反义词为lose，其常用搭配为lose to sb.
图解助记：
【一言辨异】
I'm sure you can beat others and win the game.
我相信你能战胜其他选手，赢得比赛。
　辨析both与all
【考点抢测】
11．There are three foreigners in our class.________of them are American.
12．Lucy and Lily ________agree with us.
13．Why not eat ________of the fish
14．—How are your parents
—They're ________fine.
15．There are tall trees on ________sides of the street.
(　　)16.(2015荆门中考)—Which of the two magazines will you take
—I'll take ________ though I find ________ of them are very useful to me.
A．all；both　　　　　　B．either；either
C．either；neither D．either；both
【满分点拨】
both与all的区别
both…and… 意为“……和……都；既……又……”，通常用来连接两个并列的句子成分；连接两个并列的主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。Both John and David are from America.约翰和大卫都来自美国。
either…or… 表示“两者中的任何一个”，当连接两个并列的成分作句子主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则。Either you or I am right.要么是你对了，要么是我对了。
neither…nor… 表示“两者都不……”，当连接两个并列的成分作句子主语时，谓语动词也遵循就近原则。Neither Ann nor Jenny likes the movie.安和珍妮都不喜欢这部电影。
　辨析be similar to，take after，look like与be like
【考点抢测】
be similar to　take after　look like　be like
17．My bag ________hers.
18．Jane really ________her friend.
19．Li Ming ________his father.
20．That car ________my brother's.
21．It ________it's going to rain soon.
22．What ________he ________？
【满分点拨】
be similar to用法广泛，用法一般都是在相近似的物品和情境的对比上。意思是“某物为某人所熟知；与……相似”，含有被动的意思。如：My pen is similar to yours.我的钢笔和你的相似．
take after意为“长得像，行为、性格等像”，最常见的是用在有血缘关系的亲子之间，外貌用的最多，尤其是像自己的长辈，可解释为be similar to。另外，也能够用在性格脾气这些内在特质上。如：Mary really takes after her mother.玛丽的确长得像她的妈妈。
look like能够用来表达take after的意思，但look like多指视觉上的相似，应用范围广，可以用于所有场合，既可指人也可指物，只指外表看上去像，另外，也能抽象表达事件或现象。如：The man looks like our headmaster.那个人看起来像我们的校长。
be like比look like的应用范围更大，可指“品德、性格、相貌”等，而look like则常指相貌“看起来像……”。如：What is he like？他是个什么样的人？
　find out查明；弄清
【考点抢测】
23．I'm ________ my pen.But I can't ________ it.
24．Do you ________ why Tom was late
25．Do you know when Columbus ________ America
26．(2015泉州中考)—Please ________(查找) new words in the dictionary.
—OK.
(　　)27.(2014遵义中考)The policeman discovered who had stolen the car.
A．found out　　　　B．knew about
C．looked for
【满分点拨】
find，discover，look for与find out的区别
find “找到；发现；感到”，强调找的结果，是非延续性动词。
discover “发现；发觉”，指发现某种情况或发现早已存在而未为人知的东西。
look for “寻找”，强调找的动作，是延续性动词。
find out “查明；弄清”，指经过认真观察、调查或研究把某事或某物查出来、搞清楚，多用于复杂而不容易直接查出的情况。
　happen v．发生；出现
【考点抢测】
28．那位可怜的老人昨天发生了车祸。
A car accident ________ ________ the poor old man yesterday.
29．那条街发生了一起事故。
An accident ________ in that street.
30．我碰巧在街上遇见她。
I ________ ________ ________ her in the street.
(　　)31.(2015沧州13中模拟)Can you tell me what happened ________ him just now
A．with　　B．for　　C．to　　
【满分点拨】
happen
happen与take place的区别
相同点 两者都没有被动语态
不同点
happen指偶然发生，具有不可预测性，主语一般是物。常见用法：sth. happen(s) to sb.“某人发生某事”。
take place指事先计划好或预先布置而发生，指某个确定事件。
　Tara works as hard as Tina.塔拉和蒂娜学习一样努力。
【考点抢测】
(　　)32.(2015沧州14中模拟)—I think English is as ________ as math.
—I agree with you.
A．more interesting
B．most interesting
C．the most interesting
D．interesting
【满分点拨】
(1)as…as意为“和……一样”，中间加形容词或副词的原级，用来进行同级比较，表示两者在某一方面相同。
(2)其否定形式为：not as/so…as表示“一方在某一方面不如另一方”。
This story is not as interesting as that one.
(＝This story is not so interesting as that one.)
这个故事不如那个故事有趣。
　A good friend makes me laugh.好朋友使我笑。
【考点抢测】
(　　)33.(2015柳州中考)The teacher spoke loudly in order to make the students ________ her.
A．hear B．hearing
C．heard D．to hear
【满分点拨】
make sb. do sth.意为“让某人做某事”，属于“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，make为使役动词，意为“使……”。
使役动词make的常见结构
河北中考考点精练
Ⅰ.单项选择。
(　　)1. (2015重庆中考A卷)Jiefangbei is not far from Chaotianmen. You can easily visit ________ in a day.
　　　　　　　　　　　　
A.each B．none C．both D．neither
(　　)2.(2015滨州中考)My mother says my friend is similar ________ me, but I think she is different ________ me.
A．as; from B．to; from
C．to; to D．as; to
(　　)3.(2015安徽中考) —How can I get some ________ about the 2016 Olympic Games
—Why not search the Internet
A．information B．experience
C．practice D．success
(　　)4.(2015南京中考) Lisa was still very weak when she left hospital. But after a week's rest, she felt much ________ and went back to school.
A．good B．better
C．bad D．worse
(　　)5.(2015石家庄28中模拟)The woman made his son ________ finally after she told him some jokes.
A．laughed B．to laugh
C．laugh D．laughing
(　　)6.(2015石家庄43中模拟)________ silk feels soft and cool, it's difficult to be taken good care of.
A．Because B．Though
C．Since D．As
(　　)7.(2015石家庄42中模拟)Mrs. Wang often asks us ________ a English story in the English classes.
A．make up B．to make up
C．put up D．to put up
(　　)8.(2016原创预测)With the help of the Internet, news can ________ every corner of the world.
A．arrive B．reach C．go D．get
Ⅱ.(2015张家口9中模拟)完形填空。
People may have many different types of hobbies during their lifetime. When we are very young, most of our time is __1__ playing with toys. When we get __2__， we start to pursue(追求) our first hobbies. Some kids go out for a sport like football or skating. Some may get __3__ in less active activities like reading, painting, or stamp collecting. Some others may enjoy playing an __4__ like the piano or the guitar.
As we get older, our __5__ might change or not. Some people who collected stamps as a child may still be collecting stamps when they are 80.__6__ people might change their interests every year __7__ fashion. Some people are lucky that they have found __8__ that are close to their hobbies, like the kid who loves computers and becomes a programmer.
__9__ do people have hobbies A hobby is mainly to give yourself a rest from your __10__ work or school. It is something you should do for yourself.
(　　)1. A．took B．paid C．spent D．cost
(　　)2. A．taller B．younger
C．stronger D．older
(　　)3. A．interested B．happy
C．bored D．weak
(　　)4. A．invitation B．exhibition
C．achievement D．instrument
(　　)5. A．habits B．hobbies
C．bodies D．sounds
(　　)6. A．The other B．Another
C．Other D．Else
(　　)7. A．depending on B．working on
C．putting on D．getting on
(　　)8. A．interests B．jobs
C．dreams D．actions
(　　)9. A．When B．Why C．How D．What
(　　)10.A.friendly B．ugly
C．lovely D．daily
Ⅲ.(2015厦门中考)阅读理解。
Our new foreign students are going to arrive very soon, and here are some ways to communicate with them politely.
How close do you stand when you talk to a friend You can stand close to people in the Middle East but doesn't stand too close to North Americans! Give them more personal space.
Do you know how to touch people correctly Chinese girls often walk arm in arm with their friends. South Americans sometimes hold your arm when they talk to you, so you can't move away! But in Britain many people don't like other people to touch them at all.
Do you look at people when you talk In some places, it isn't polite to look at people when you talk, but in other countries it isn't polite to look somewhere else. In Britain and the USA, people usually look at each other when they talk.
And how do you say goodbye That's easy, wave(挥手) to say goodbye. But be careful! In Greece, it's not at all polite! In fact, it's very rude!
(　　)1.From the passage, we should give more ________personal space.
A．people in the Middle East
B．people in North America
C．people in South America
D．people in South China
(　　)2.The underlined word “touch” means________in Chinese.
A．触碰 B．打击 C．感动 D．震撼
(　　)3.We can't wave to say goodbye in ________．
A．America B．Japan
C．Britain D．Greece
(　　)4.How many ways are given to communicate with foreign students
A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five.
(　　)5.What's the best title of the passage
A．Saying goodbye
B．Touching people
C．Looking at people
D．Communicating politely
Ⅳ.(2015贵阳中考)词语运用。
Last Saturday afternoon, I went shopping with my friend.On the way we saw a big stone (1)________ (drop) down from a truck. We stopped the truck and told the driver about it. When the driver tried to (2)l________ it to the truck, he hurt one of his (3)________(finger). My friend covered it with a tie, and then we sent him to the(4)n________ hospital. Luckily, he wasn't hurt (5)________(bad)．
Ⅴ.(2016原创预测)连词成句。
1. my, with, sister, along, is, get, to, easy
________________________________________________________________________.
2. you, ever, have, come, school, top, in, the, exams
________________________________________________________________________
3. you, what, of, fruit, do, like, kind
________________________________________________________________________
4. tie, here, your, new, is
________________________________________________________________________.
5. what, you, again, are, if, late
________________________________________________________________________
Ⅵ.(2016原创预测)书面表达。
假如你是比尔，寒假期间去三亚旅游。请根据提示给你的好朋友约翰写封邮件，描述你的旅游情况。可适当拓展。80词左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
提示：
1．你和家人在三亚呆了一周；三亚很美，天气也很好；
2．你们在海里游泳，在海滩漫步……
Dear John，
Long time no see. How are you
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
What about your winter holidays I'm really looking forward to your reply.
Yours，
Bill