2016中考英语（人教版）教材知识梳理 八年级(下)　Units 5—6

八年级(下)　Units 5—6
中考基础知识梳理
类别 课标考点要求
词汇攻关 1.heavy→(副词)________→(反义词)________2．sudden→(副词)________3．strange→(名词)陌生人________4．wood→(形容词)________5．fall→(形容词)落下的________→(过去式)________→(过去分词)________ 6.ice→(形容词)________7．silence→(形容词)________→(形容词的近义词)________→(反义词)________→(形容词的反义词)________8．west→(形容词)________9．wife→(对应词)________10．shine→(合成词)阳光________
短语归纳 1.(闹钟)发出响声____________2．进入梦乡，睡着____________3．逐渐变弱，逐渐消失____________4．看一看____________5．前往，费力地前进____________6．沉默，无声____________7．拆除；往下拽；记录____________8．首先，最初____________ 9.有点儿，稍微____________10．代替，反而____________11．变成____________12．从前____________13．爱上，喜欢上____________14．结婚____________15．接电话____________
句型再现 1.暴风雨来临时你正在干什么？____________when the rainstorm came 2．下暴雨时这个女孩在干什么？What was the girl doing ________ the rainstorm 3．外面没有光亮，感觉就像半夜一样。____________，it felt like midnight.4．本的爸爸正在拿几块木板盖住窗户，同时他妈妈在确认手电筒和收音机都能正常使用。Ben's dad was putting pieces of wood over the windows while his mom ____________ the flashlights and radio were working.5．他和家人来到外面，发现社区一片狼藉。He went outside with his family and ____________．6．她记得当时(自己)正在距离两座塔楼不远的办公室工作。She ____________ in her office near the two towers.7．我如此害怕，以至于从那以后我几乎不能清晰地思考。I was ____________ that I could hardly ____________ clearly after that. 8.但是不把山移开，愚公还能做什么呢？But what could Yu Gong do ____________ the mountains 9．但是如果他不能把尾巴藏起来，他就不能把自己变成人。But ________ he can hide his tail，he cannot ________ a man.10．有一年天气太干旱，以至于粮食颗粒不长。One year，the weather was ________ no food would grow.11．妻子告诉丈夫，除非他把孩子们留在森林里死掉，否则全家人都将会死掉。The wife told her husband that unless he ________ in the forest，the whole family would die.12．你们一醒来就必须和爸爸去森林里。________，you must go to the forest with your father.
语法结构 1.过去进行时。2．状语从句。
话题 1.Unforgettable events(难忘的事情)2．Legends and stories(传说和故事)3．Facts about the world(有关世界的事实)
河北五年中考真题演练
◆副词比较等级
(　　)1.(2013河北31题)I'm sorry I'm late.I should get here 10 minutes ________.
　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　
A．early B．earlier
C．the earlier D．the earliest
◆从属连词
(　　)2.(2014河北38题)Eric arrived on time，________ it was the rush hour.
A．although B．because
C．while D．unless
(　　)3.(2013河北35题)Henry will give us a report as soon as he ________.
A．arrives B．arrived
C．is arriving D．will arrive
◆动词的时态
(　　)4.(2014河北44题)I saw Ken in the meeting room，he ________ Joe for the school magazine.
A．interviews B．interviewed
C．has interviewed D．was interviewing
(　　)5.(2013河北45题)The twins didn't go to the theatre，they ________ the light music all night.
A．have enjoyed B．will enjoy
C．are enjoying D．were enjoying
(　　)6.(2012河北43题)—Where were you this morning
—I ________ in the supermarket.
A．will shop B．am shopping
C．was shopping D．have shopped
(　　)7.(2015河北37题)I saw Jeff in the park.He ________ on the grass and reading a book.
A．sits B．sat C．is sitting D．was sitting
河北中考重难点突破
　辨析asleep，sleeping，sleepy与sleep
【考点抢测】
1．Don't make a noise，Grandpa is ________.
2．I didn't sleep well last night，so I'm feeling ________.
3．Keep quiet，don't wake up the ________ baby.
4．I was too excited to go to ________.
5．The moment he lay down，he fell ________.
【满分点拨】
辨析sleep，asleep，sleepy与sleeping
sleep 动词或名词 睡觉go to sleep睡觉；入睡 Last night I slept very well.我昨天晚上睡得很好。I have a good sleep.我好好睡了一觉。
sleeping 形容词 睡着的 Please take a sleeping bag with you.请随身携带一个睡袋。
sleepy 形容词 困倦的，想睡的 She is always sleepy.她总是想睡觉。I feel very sleepy now.我现在昏昏欲睡。
asleep 表语形容词 睡着的fall asleep睡着了 The children have been asleep.孩子们已睡着了。He was too tired and fell asleep at once.他太累了，立刻就睡着了。
　pick up接电话；拣起
【考点抢测】
6．我七点打电话，你没有接。
I called at seven and you didn't ________ ________．
7．Class，please ________(pick up it/pick it up)when you see waste paper on the ground.
(　　)8.(2015湖州中考)—Do you ________ your son after school
—No.He comes back home on the school bus.
A．pick up　　　　B．look after
C．drop in D．send
【满分点拨】
pick up的用法
(1)pick up意为“接电话；拣起”，还有“(用车)接人”的意思。
(2)pick up是“动词＋副词”型短语，代词作宾语时必须放中间。若名词作宾语，既可以放在二者之间，也可以放在动词短语之后。
图解助记：
【一言辨异】
He picked up a wallet on the way to picking up daughter.他在接他女儿的路上拣到一个钱包。
　remind提醒；便想起
【考点抢测】
(　　)9.(2015张家口9中模拟)He ________ me in time just as I would make the same mistake again.
　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　
A．reported B．repeated
C．reminded D．remembered
10．The picture often reminds me of my school days.(改为同义句)
I often ________ my school days when I ________ the picture.
11．The picture often ________(使我想起) my school days.
12．Be sure ________(提醒) her to come back early.
【满分点拨】
remind的三种结构
remind
　get married结婚
【考点抢测】
13．这对新人如此高兴，以至于当他们结婚的时候，他们不停地微笑。
The new couple were so happy that they couldn't stop smiling when they ________ ________．
14．They got married 30 years ago.(改为同义句)
They ________ ________ ________ for 30 years.
(　　)15.(2015白银中考)She ________ for ten years and now she has a lovely daughter.
A．married B．has been married
C．got married D．has got married
【满分点拨】
与marry有关的短语辨析
词　汇 意义及用法
marry sb. 娶某人，嫁给某人。
be/get married “结婚”，时间状语为具体时间，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。
be/get married to sb. 与某人结婚，时间状语为具体时间，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。
have been married (to sb.) 已经(与某人)结婚，表示状态，跟“for＋时间段”。
【温馨提示】
表示“与某人结婚”用be/get married to sb.或marry sb.表达，不能用marry with sb.。
　辨析voice，noise与sound
【考点抢测】
16．They were shouting at the top of their ________.
17．Light travels much faster than ________.
18．He spoke in a very loud ________.
19．________(尽量不要吵闹) when you go into the bedroom.
(　　)20.(2015沧州8中模拟)On this show，your ________ will be heard.
A．soundB.noiseC.voiceD.sounds
【满分点拨】
辨析sound，noise和voice
sound 声音；响声 大自然的任何声音。 At midnight he heard a strange sound.半夜里他听到一种奇怪的声音。Light travels much faster than sound.光的传播速度比声音快得多。
noise 噪音；喧闹声 常指不悦耳、不和谐的嘈杂声。 Don't make any noise！别吵闹！The noise wakes me up！噪音吵醒了我！
voice 嗓音 一般指人的声音。 The girl has a beautiful voice.那个女孩嗓音很美。They are talking in low voices.他们正小声交谈。
　population的用法
【考点抢测】
21．Beijing has got the ________(人口) of more than 13.8 million.
22．________ the population of China
23．The population of China ________ larger than that of any other country in the world.Over 51 percent of the population of China ________ men.
24．India has ________(第二大人口) in the world.
【满分点拨】
population的用法：
)
ＫWhat is the population of China
中国有多少人口？
80% of the population in China are farmers.
中国百分之八十的人口是农民。
India has a large population.
印度人口众多。
巧学助记：
巧记population的用法口诀
population指“人口”；
提问它用what，不用how many/how much；
人口多用large，人口少用small；
人口增加用grow，人口减少就用fall。
　succeed的用法
【考点抢测】
25．Our country is ________(成功的) in launching another communication satellite.
26．He succeeded in ________(赢得) the prize in the speaking competition.
27．Stick to it，and you'll be ________(成功的)．
28．A man can ________(成功) at almost anything for which he was unlimited enthusiasm.
【满分点拨】
succeed，success与successful
词条 词性及词义 用法
succeed v.实现目标，成功 succeed in doing sth.成功做某事
success n.成功 一般作不可数名词；当作“成功的人或事”讲时，是可数名词。
successful adj.成功的 常用作表语，副词为successfully。
Jim succeeded in getting through the forest.吉姆成功地穿过了那片森林。
Failure is the mother of success.失败是成功之母。
She is a successful businesswoman.她是一位成功的女商人。
　against prep.倚；碰；撞
【考点抢测】
29．当我到达那儿的时候，他正倚在一棵树上。
He was leaning ________ a tree when I got there.
30．When talking about our plan，most of my classmates were ________(反对) my idea.
(　　)31.(2015沧州14中模拟)Most people are ________ building a paper factory near here.They are worried the river will get polluted.
A．for　B．with　C．against　D．beyond
【满分点拨】
against的用法
(1)against介词，表示位置，意为“倚；靠着；顶着”等。常与动词连用。
(2)be against意为“反对；违背；紧贴着”。
　When you called，I was taking a shower.
你打电话时，我正在沐浴。
【考点抢测】
(　　)32.(2015台州中考)—I really enjoy Chinese food!
—Me，too.My mouth was watering ________ I watched the TV program A Bite of China.
A．when　 B．before　 C．since　 D．after
【满分点拨】
when意为“当……时候”，引导时间状语从句。在含有when引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句中，如果主句和从句的动作都发生在将来，从句用一般现在时表示将来。
when与while用法辨析
when和while都能引导时间状语从句，意为：当……的时候
when ①引导的从句中的谓语动词如果是延续性动词，这时可以和while换用。②引导的从句中的谓语动词如果是非延续性动词，这时不能和while换用，从句中的时态常用一般现在时或一般过去时。
while ①引导的从句中的谓语动词常用延续性动词，从句中的时态常用过去进行时。②主从句动作若同时发生，则主从句都用进行时。
【归纳拓展】
(1)while conj.意为“然而”，连接并列结构。
(2)while n．意为“一会儿”。
She likes to lie down for a while after lunch.
她喜欢午饭后躺一会儿。
河北中考考点精练
Ⅰ.单项选择。
(　　)1.(2015江西中考) Our teacher was very happy because ________ failed the examination.
A．somebody　　　　　B．nobody
C．anybody D．everybody
(　　)2.(2015呼和浩特中考)Sometimes it often rains ________ in my hometown in summer.
A.heavy B．hardly
C．heavily D．strongly
(　　)3.(2015黄冈中考)—Mike，what were your parents doing at 8：00 last night
—My mother was reading ________ my father was playing computer games.
A．while B．when
C．unless D．as long as
(　　)4.(2015宁夏中考)Phone me ________ you get to Wuzhong.
A．since B．so that
C．as soon as D．while
(　　)5.(2015泰安中考)—Our classmates went to a concert yesterday afternoon.
—What a pity! I ________ my homework.
A．had done B．was doing
C．am doing D．would do
(　　)6.(2015广安中考)—Tom，________ you ever ________ that new film
—Yes.I ________ it a week ago.
A．have；seen；saw B．have；seen；see
C．do；see；see D．had；seen；saw
(　　)7.(2015保定17中模拟)After the heavy storm，the lake ________，and the water ran into the houses.
A．rose B．compared
C．opened D．decided
(　　)8.(2015沧州三模)—Yang Lin，I know you didn't tell me the ________．How could you lie to me
—Sorry，Mom.I won't do it again.
A．plan B．place
C．story D．truth
(　　)9.(2015承德二模)—My classmate Li Lin save a girl from the river last Tuesday.
—He is kind and ________ .
A．exciting B．friendly
C．brave D．active
(　　)10.(2016原创预测)Mary was too lucky and she ________ in buying the tickets for the concert two minutes ago.
A．succeeded B．agreed
C．protected D．led
Ⅱ.(2016原创预测)完形填空。
When I was 13 years old，a boy gave me an important gift.It was a __1__．It was the early autumn of my first year at a junior high school and my old school was far away. __2__，no one knew who I was.I was very lonely and afraid to make friends with __3__．
Every time I heard the other students talking and laughing，I __4__ my heart break.I couldn't talk to anyone about my problem，and I didn't want my parents to __5__ me.Then one day，my classmates talked happily with their friends，but I sat my desk __6__ as usual.At that moment，a boy entered the classroom.I didn't know who he was.He passed me and then turned back.He __7__ me and without a word，smiled.
Suddenly I felt the touch of something bright and friendly.It __8__ me feel happy，lively and warm.That smile changed my life.I started to talk with the other students and made friends.Day by day，I became closer to everyone in my class.The boy with the lucky smile __9__ my best friend now.
I believe that the world is what you think it is.If you think you are lonely，you might always be alone.So smile at the world and it will __10__．
(　　)1.A.smile B．magazine
C．box D．Camera
(　　)2.A.As usual B．As a result
C．The same as D．Such as
(　　)3.A.someone B．everyone
C．anyone D．nobody
(　　)4.A.tasted B．smelled
C．feared D．felt
(　　)5.A.hear about B．talk about
C．care for D．worry about
(　　)6.A.slowly B．politely
C．unhappily D．naturally
(　　)7.A.listened to B．looked at
C．took pride in D．rushed at
(　　)8.A.made B．led
C．offered D．threw
(　　)9.A.has become B．became
C．become D．is becoming
(　　)10.A.look back B．come back
C．turn back D．smile back
Ⅲ.(2015永州中考)阅读理解。
Since May 1st，Beijing started to allow blind people to take guide dogs onto the subway.How much do you know about guide dogs？How does the guide dog help blind people
Sometimes，they play with you like common pet dogs.But as soon as they wear their special coat，it's time to start work.They are guide dogs and they help to guide blind people.Those dogs that are smart and have a good temper can be guide dogs.
To help blind people，dogs need to learn many skills and pass tests.At the age of about 1 year old，dogs are trained at schools.There，they learn skills such as finding and following a clear road，moving around obstacles(障碍物)．They also need to learn an important lesson known as “intelligent disobedience(智能抗命)”．For example，blind people ask the dog to go forward when crossing a road.But if the dog knows that a car is coming，it will not move until it is safe.
At about 10 or 12 years old，guide dogs retire．Some of them stay at their owner's home and become their pets.Others may go back to training schools and live there.
(　　)1.Those who are ________ can take guide dogs on the subways.
A．old B．blind
C．young D．lazy
(　　)2.What are the characteristics of the guide dog according to the passage
①clever　②having a good temper
③ strong　④a good sense of smell
A．①②③④ B．①②③
C．①③④ D．①②
(　　)3.The guide dog has to get some training EXCEPT ________ before it starts to work.
A．finding a clear road
B．moving obstacles
C．intelligent disobedience
D．treating the owner
(　　)4.What does the underlined word “retire” mean in Chinese
A．死亡　 B．退休 　C．生病　 D．发疯
(　　)5.Which of the following is NOT true
A．The guide dog usually wears a special coat while it works.
B．The guide dog needs to pass test before it can work.
C．Some guide dogs can become pets after 10 to 12 years' work.
D．The guide dog will do whatever the owner asks it to do.
Ⅳ.(2016原创预测)词语运用。
1．The movie Mr.Bean is a very________ comedy.
2．In some ________ countries，almost every family has a car.
3．Can she remember everything she see when she ________ a room
4．Though the news may make Lily sad，they had to tell her the ________．
5．Lots of ________ come to visit Chengde every vacation.
Ⅴ.(2016原创预测)连词成句。
1．did，know，fact，he，this
________________________________________________________________________
2．what，story，funny，a，is，it
________________________________________________________________________!
3．what，did ，evening，do，you，yesterday
________________________________________________________________________
4．will，forget，I，event，this，never
________________________________________________________________________.
5．all，nobody，a，person，likes，lazy，know，we
________________________________________________________________________.
Ⅵ.(2015恩施中考)书面表达。
根据下列提示信息，用英语写一篇不少于80词的日记。
提示：1.著名教授Mr.Robert今天(6月5日，星期五，晴)上午来你校作了一场报告；
2．其报告内容包括：如何与同学友好相处；如何与家长、老师有效沟通；如何控制不良情绪；
3．这场报告对你今后的学习和生活都很重要。
要求：(1)日记中必须包含提示中的所有要点；
(2)不要逐句翻译，可适当发挥；
(3)必须用第一人称写作；
(4)条理清晰，书写规范；
(5)文中不得出现真实人名和校名等相关信息；
(6)日记的开头已经写好，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：有效地effectively，教授professor
Friday，June 5th Sunny　　　
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