2016中考英语（人教版）教材知识梳理 八年级(下)　Units 7—10

八年级(下)　Units 7—10
中考基础知识梳理
类别 课标考点要求
词汇攻关 1.tour→(名词)观光者________2．achieve→(名词)________3．protect→(名词)________4．French→(名词)法国________5．introduce→(名词)________6．freeze→(形容词)________7．excite→(名词)________→(形容词)令人兴奋的________→(形容词)感到兴奋的________ 8.Japan→(名词)日本人________9．scarf→(复数)________10．invent→(名词)发明________→(名词)发明者________11．fox→(复数)________12．German→(复数)________→(名词)德国________
短语归纳 1.据我所知____________2．到达(某数量、程度等)；至多有；不多于________________________________________________________________________3．走路时撞着____________4．绊倒____________5．满是……的；(有)大量的；(有)丰富的____________6．赶快；急忙(做某事)____________7．科幻小说____________8．乡村音乐____________ 9.努力做某事____________10．游乐场____________11．茶艺____________12．茶具____________13．数以千计的，许许多多的____________14．一方面……另一方面……____________15．庭院拍卖会____________16．软体玩具，布绒玩具____________
句型再现 1.尼罗河长6671千米。The Nile is ____________．2．你知道中国是世界上最古老的国家之一吗？Did you know that China is ________in the world 3．这些登山者的精神向我们表明：我们决不应该放弃实现自己梦想的尝试。The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never ________ to achieve our dreams.4．科学家们说如今生活在现存森林里的熊猫不足2000只。Scientists say there are now ________2，000 pandas ________．5．读书报告两周后必须上交。The book report ________ in two weeks.6．我叫他星期五，因为我是在那天遇见的他。I ________ because that was the day I met him.7．你去过科学博物馆吗？________ a science museum？ 8.我还了解了一些发明，它们成就了彩色电影。I ________ the inventions that ________ color movies，too.9．我从未野营过。I've ________ camping.10．我想知道将来电脑还能够做些什么事情。I ________ computers will be able to do in the future.11．看沏茶的过程和饮茶本身一样令人愉快。________ is just as enjoyable as ________．12．这本杂志我买了几个月了。I've ________ this magazine for ________ months.13．实在是遗憾，但我就是没有时间……________，but I just don't have the time…14．我们决定每人出售五件不再使用的物品。We ________ to each sell five things that we ________ use.
语法结构 现在完成时。
话题 1.Literature and music(文学和音乐)2．Fun places(有趣的地方) 3.Living environment(生活环境)
河北五年中考真题演练
◆词汇类
1．(2012河北84题)Students are ________ to share their thoughts by teachers.(encourage)
(　　)2.(2015河北29题)Could you please take my picture？Here is my ________.
　　　　　　　　　　　　
A．printer B．radio C．player D．camera
◆动词的时态
(　　)3.(2014河北42题)Monica，you ________ the exam！Congratulations!
A．pass B．have passed
C．will pass D．are passing
(　　)4.(2013河北43题)Don't return the video to Peter，I ________ it.
A．don't watch B．won't watch
C．haven't watched D．wasn't watching
(　　)5.(2012河北40题)Miss Zhang，the most beautiful teacher，________ many flowers and letters these days.
A．received B．will receive
C．was receiving D．has received
(　　)6.(2011河北42题)I ________ my homework.I guess I can't join you.
A．don't finish B．didn't finish
C．haven't finished D．won't finish
(　　)7.(2015河北32题)Paula is pleased that she ________ her lost watch.
A．finds B．found
C．has found D．will find
河北中考重难点突破
　even though(＝even if)即使；虽然
【考点抢测】
1．即使它很危险，为什么还有那么多的人尝试爬此山？
Why do so many people try to climb this mountain ________ ________ it is dangerous
2．Mr.Li always speaks ________ ________(好像)he knew everything.
(　　)3.(2015石家庄42中模拟)________ Frank left school at 16，he still became a successful writer.
A．Ever since　　　B．In fact
C．After all D．Even though
【满分点拨】
even though与as if的用法辨析
even though＝even if 即使，虽然 引导让步状语从句时，even if引导的从句含有强烈的假定性；even though则多以从句的内容为前提。
as if＝as though 似乎，好像 ①在look，seem等系动词后引导表语从句。②引导方式状语从句，多用虚拟语气表示非真实的情况。
　full of满是……的；(有)大量的；(有)丰富的
【考点抢测】
4．Oliver Twist is about a boy who goes out to sea and finds an island ________(full of/fill of)treasures.
5．The box is full of books now.(改为同义句)
The box ________ ________ ________ books now.
(　　)6.(2015莱芜中考)If you read a lot，your life will be full ________ pleasure.
A．by　　B．of　　C．for　　D．with
【满分点拨】
full/fill的不同用法
(1)full adj.“满的”，反义词为empty，意为“空的”；
(2)fill v．“充满”，反义词为empty，意为“倒空”；
(3)be full of“装满，充满”(强调状态)；
be filled with“装满，充满”(强调动作)。
图解助记：
full与fill的区别
　hurry up赶快；急忙(做某事)
【考点抢测】
7．________ ________(快点)，or we can't get to the railway station on time.
8．Mr.Green left his office ________(in/on/for)a hurry after he answered the telephone.
(　　)9.(2014泰州中考)—It's too hard for me to be a trailwalker.
—Never ________．Believe in yourself!
A．put up B．give up
C．hurry up D．look up
【满分点拨】
hurry构成的不同短语
(1)作名词，意为“匆忙；急忙”，常用短语：
①in a hurry赶快；急忙
②be in a hurry to do sth.＝do sth.in a hurry
(2)作动词，意为“赶紧；匆忙”，常用短语：
①hurry to someplace匆忙赶去某地
②hurry to do sth.匆忙做某事
③hurry up赶快
④hurry off匆忙离开
　success n．成功
【考点抢测】
10．Mo Yan is a ________ Chinese writer，and he won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2012.
11．At last the disabled young man got to the top of Mount Tai ________．
12．Many songs these days are just about modern life in the US，such as the importance of ________，but not about belonging to a group.
(　　)13.(2015威海中考)It is ________ that Mr.Guo sailed across the world by himself ________ within about 130 days.
A．terrified；successful
B．scary；successfully
C．amazing；successfully
D．convincing；successful
【满分点拨】
“成功”的不同
success n.成功 表示抽象意义的“成功”，是不可数名词；表示具体意义的“成功的人或事”，是可数名词。
succeed v.成功 succeed in doing sth.“成功做某事”
successful adj.成功的 be successful in doing sth.“成功地做某事”
successfully adv.成功地 用来修饰动词
　belong to属于
【考点抢测】
14．那栋大房子属于史密斯先生。
That big house ________ ________ Mr. Smith.
15．Lingling，is that book yours？(改为同义句)
Lingling，does that book ________ ________ ________？
(　　)16.(2015沧州14中模拟)—Are these books yours，Mike
—No，they aren't.They belong to ________．
A．him　　B．his　　C．hers　　D．she
【满分点拨】
belong to的两种用法
(1)belong to意为“属于”，to为介词，后接名词或人称代词的宾格作宾语，后面不能接名词性物主代词或名词所有格。
(2)belong to不能用于进行时，也不能用于被动语态，可以与“be＋名词性物主代词”进行替换。
【误区警示】
belong to后接代词作宾语，需用宾格形式。表示某物属于某人。
This new bike belongs to you.＝This new bike is yours.
这辆新自行车属于你。
　somewhere adv.在某处
【考点抢测】
17．让我们今天去不同的地方吧。
Let's go ________ ________ today.
18．He can find it somewhere.(改为否定句)
He ________ find it ________．
【满分点拨】
somewhere，anywhere，everywhere与nowhere的用法辨析
somewhere “某个地方”，常用于肯定句中。
anywhere (1)常用于一般疑问句及否定句中，not anywhere＝nowhere。(2)用于肯定句中时，意为“任何地方”。
everywhere “任何地方”，相当于here and there。
nowhere “没有地方”，表示否定。
【温馨提示】
复合不定代/副词被形容词修饰时，形容词要后置。
I have something important to tell you.
我有重要的事情要告诉你。
I want to move somewhere warm.
我想搬到某个温暖的地方。
　consider v．注视；仔细考虑
【考点抢测】
19．Today，to hold the Olympic Games ________(consider) as a rich prize for a country.
20．你是否考虑过如何到那里？
Have you ________ ________ to get there
(　　)21.(2015黄石中考)—I don't know where to go this summer vacation.
—Why not ________ visiting Huanggang？There are many places of interest there.
A．suggest　　　　　B．wonder
C．consider D．regard
【满分点拨】
(1)consider作“考虑，细想”讲时，后跟名词、代词、动名词、从句或“疑问词＋不定式”结构。
consider＋that从句　　认为……
consider doing sth.　　考虑做某事
(2)consider作“认为，把……看作”讲时，后跟宾语从句或复合宾语。常用词组consider…as/be considered as(被动)意为“认为……是/被认为是……”。
　If we're only talking about the parts from the Ming Dynasty，it's about 8，850 kilometers long.如果我们只谈论明朝部分的话，它大约8850千米长。
【考点抢测】
(　　)22.(2015兰州中考)—How long is the bridge
—It's ________．
A．300 meter long
B．300 meters long
C．300 meters long
D．300 meter long
【满分点拨】
长/宽/高/深……的两种表达方式
(1)若计量表达用作表语，则用“数字＋量词(复数)＋形容词(long/wide/high/deep等)”结构。对计量进行提问要用句型：How＋形容词＋be＋主语……？
The road is about five kilometers long，four meters wide.
这条路大约五千米长，四米宽。
(2)若计量表达用作前置定语，则用复合形容词，即“数字－量词(单数)－形容词(long/wide/high/deep等)”来表达。
This is a 20 meter high sculpture.
这是一座20米高的雕像。
　—Have you decided which book to write about yet
——你已决定要写哪本书了吗？
—Yes，I have.
——是的，我决定了。
already和yet有何不同？
already 意为“已经；早已”多用于现在完成时的否定句中，常置于have/has之后。
yet 意为“(迄今)尚；还”多用于现在完成时的否定句和疑问句中，常置于句末。
【考点抢测】
(　　)23.(2015十堰中考)—When will you hand in your book report
—Sorry.I'm not sure.I ________ writing it yet.
A．didn't finish B．don't finish
C．hadn't finished D．haven't finished
【满分点拨】
“have/has＋过去分词”，表示过去动作对现在造成的影响或结果，是现在完成时。
His father has gone to the bank already.
他的父亲已经去银行了。(不在谈话的地点)
　 —Have you ever been to the space museum
——你曾去过太空博物馆吗？
—No，I haven't.
——不，我没有去过。
【考点抢测】
(　　)24.(2015唐山54中模拟)—Where is Mr.Wang
—He together with his students ______ Zhuyuwan Park.
A．has gone to　　　　B．have gone to
C．has been to D．have been to
【满分点拨】
have gone to/have been to/have been in的辨析



图解助记：
have/has been to与have/has gone to的区别
注意：当have/has been to和have/has gone to后跟某些地点副词，如here，there和home等时，介词to要省略。
　Me neither.我也没有。
【考点抢测】
(　　)25.(2015宜宾中考)—I'm not going swimming this afternoon.
—________．I have to help my mother do some cleaning.
A．So am I B．So I am
C．Neither am I D．Neither I am
【满分点拨】
Me neither.意为“我也没有。”是倒装句“Neither/Nor＋be/助动词/情态动词＋与前句不同的主语”的缩略式。用于后一句所述情况与前一句陈述的否定情况相同，即“甲不怎样，乙也不怎样”。
She doesn't like playing basketball，neither do I．＝She doesn't like playing basketball，me neither.
她不喜欢打篮球，我也不喜欢。
【温馨提示】
倒装句中的be/助动词/情态动词及时态必须与前面陈述句中的be/助动词/情态动词保持一致；动词的数要和主语保持一致。
中考热点拓展
小苹果
Hit song Little Apple became so popular after it came out in late May.In China，you may hear it on a bus，or even in a small village.
Little Apple is a song for the movie Old Boys：The Way of Dragon.The song's huge success has also made more people see the movie.The comedy took US $ 17 million in its opening four days.
The song Little Apple is so popular.After hearing it，it's like“I'm brainwashed(洗脑)”by the song.So I came to see the film，a man said.
“It's a good story.But the reason I'm here at the cinema is the song Little Apple.”Hui Qing，a college student，said.
“Many people have come to see the movie，so we added more screenings for it.The film now accounts for 20 percent of the total screenings—it's quite a good performance for a homegrown movie，”a cinema clerk said.
Old Boys：The Way of Dragon is based on an online short film called Old Boys.The 40 minute film about youth and dreams got nearly 70 million views on a video website，and was popular among people born in the 1980s or later.
“What is popular online is a good indication(迹象) of what will be popular with young people.And this movie is a good example，”businessman Chen Su said.
Some have criticized Little Apple for its low quality，but the song continues keeping popular.
(　　)1.The movie Old Boys is a ________.
A．comedy B．soap opera
C．sad movie D．talk show
(　　)2.Hui Qing went to see the movie Old Boys：The Way of Dragon because ________.
A．she wants to be brainwashed
B．the movie has a good story
C．the movie has a good quality
D．she likes listening to the song Little Apple
(　　)3.The video Old Boys online lasts ________.
A．an hour B．two hours
C．40 minutes D．half an hour
(　　)4.The video Old Boys online is about ________.
A．life and old people
B．youth and dreams
C．life and dreams
D．dreams and hopes
(　　)5.Some people don't like the song Little Apple because ________.
A．it is loud
B．it is noisy
C．it has low quality
D．it's lyrics are bad
河北中考考点精练
Ⅰ.单项选择。
(　　)1.(2015河北中考)Could you please take my picture？Here is my ________．
A．printer　　　　　　B．radio
C．player D．camera
(　　)2.(2015陕西中考)It's every policeman's dream to keep people ________ and the traffic in good order.
A．safe B．healthy
C．busy D．famous
(　　)3.(2015菏泽中考改编)Mom，the soup is not ________ enough.A little more sugar，please.
A．sour B．salty
C．sweet D．bitter
(　　)4.(2015鄂州中考)—Be careful when you are driving，________ in a rainstorm like this.
—Thanks.I will.
A．seriously B．exactly
C．especially D．probably
(　　)5.(2015杭州中考)I ________ scared of dogs ever since a dog hurt me when I was five years old.
A．will be B．was
C．have been D．would
(　　)6.(2015藁城二模)The world ________ is becoming smaller and smaller because of the Internet.
A．it B．he
C．itself D．himself
(　　)7.(2015徐水模拟)Mary was walking ________ the bus stop to catch the bus when I saw her.
A．from B．towards
C．above D．over
(　　)8.(2015张家口9中模拟) I have to ________ my room.It is really a mess.
A．look after B．take in
C．clear out D．walk into
(　　)9.(2016原创预测)—What do you ________ most
—I'm afraid of snakes very much.
A．like B．argue
C．fear D．beat
Ⅱ.(2016原创预测)完形填空。
Do you write your own blog(博客)？Do you often __1__ others' blogs on the Internet
All over the world，not only famous persons but also many students use blogs as diaries and places to share their experience and __2__ advice or help.
“I write my activities every day，__3__ funny things or worries in my life.” says Lali，a 16 year old high school student at Cambridge High School in Washington.“ I like putting pictures on my blog because it can make my blog more __4__ and more people will like it.It's a good way to __5__ my life to the world.” She has had her blog for eight months.
Students like writing blogs __6__ they can write anything they want to，but don't need to __7__ any money.
Once(一旦) you start to write your blog，you will __8__ that you open up a new world.But what you write down may trouble you __9__．So，use the blog carefully __10__ you can keep yourself away from some trouble.The blog makes everybody's life colorful.
(　　)1.A.read B．write
C．forget D．miss
(　　)2.A.learn from B．deal with
C．ask for D．depend on
(　　)3.A.without B．between
C．including D．besides
(　　)4.A.common B．modern
C．famous D．interesting
(　　)5.A.show B．send
C．bring D．report
(　　)6.A.unless B．while
C．until D．because
(　　)7.A.save B．spend
C．take D．waste
(　　)8.A.dream B．think
C．find D．hope
(　　)9.A.sometimes B．always
C．ever D．never
(　　)10.A.only when B．even though
C．so that D．ever since
Ⅲ.(2015唐山12中模拟)任务型阅读。
Reading newspapers has become an important part of everyday life.Some people read newspapers as the first thing to do in the morning，and others read newspapers as soon as they have free time during the day so that they can learn what is happening in the world.
Sometimes，we do not have enough time to read all the news carefully，so we just take a quick look at the front page.At other times，we may be in such a ________ that we only have a few minutes to look at the names of the passage.
Newspapers__can__be__found__everywhere__in__the__world.We can get many different kinds of newspapers in big cities，but in some mountain villages we can see few newspapers.
Some newspapers are published(出版) once a week，but most of the papers are published once a day with many pages，some even published twice a day! You know different people enjoy reading different newspapers.Some like world news，and others prefer short stories.They just choose what they are interested in.
Today newspapers in English have the largest numbers of readers in the world.The English language is so popular that many Chinese students are reading English newspapers such as China Daily or 21st Century.Also they bring us more and more information with Internet.
1题完成句子；2题简略回答问题；3题将文中横线处空缺的单词填写在下面的答题线上；4题找出并写下第一段的主题句；5题将文中画线句子译成汉语。
1．Sometimes，we do not have enough time to read all the news carefully，so we just take a quick look at the ________．
2．Do different people like reading different news papers
________________________________________________________________________
3．________________________________________________________________________
4．________________________________________________________________________
5．________________________________________________________________________
Ⅳ.(2016原创预测)词语运用。
Bob lived in a small town.Later，he got a job in a big city so he had to move there with his wife and two (1)______(child)．
One day，Bob took his new red car out of the garage(车库)．He was (2)______(wash) it when a neighbor came by.When he saw Bob's car，the neighbor stopped and looked at it for a minute.Then Bob turned and saw him.
The neighbor said，“That's a nice car.Is it yours？”
“(3)S______．” Bob answered.
The neighbor was puzzled.“Sometimes？” he said，“What do you mean？”
Bob answered (4)______(slow)，“Well，when there's a party in town，it belongs to my daughter.When there's a football game somewhere，it belongs to my son.When I've washed it，and it looks really nice and clean，it belongs to my wife.And when it is (5)______，it's mine.”
Ⅴ.(2016原创预测)连词成句。
1．you，like，music，do
________________________________________________________________________
2．is，Disney Land，wonderful，what，place，a
________________________________________________________________________!
3．improve，why，you，do，English，want，to，your
________________________________________________________________________
4．to，Tibet，went，last，I，year
________________________________________________________________________.
5．like，I，writing，in，stories，free，time，my
________________________________________________________________________.
Ⅵ.(2015保定17中模拟)书面表达。
为了使同学们更加健康快乐地成长，学校决定向同学们征求建议。假如你是刘波，用英语向校长写一篇80词左右的建议信。注意：文中应包含所有要点，并适当发挥；不能出现真实的校名和姓名。开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Headmaster，
I'm very glad to write a letter to you.These days we are talking about how to have a better school life.Here are some of my suggestions.First，I hope our school will ________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Hope my suggestions will be helpful.Thanks for reading my letter!
Yours sincerely，
Liu Bo