中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 3 What would you like
重难点讲练
[考点1] 可数名词变复数规则
(
I
’
d like some
noodles
.
我想要一些面条。
A
sandwich
, please.
请给我一个三明治。
)
可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。指一个人或一件事物时,用单数形式;指两个或多个人或事物时,用复数形式。
(一)名词单数变复数的规则变化
1.一般在名词词尾加“-s”(清辅音后读/s/,浊辅音和元音后读/z/)。
例: map→maps地图 bird→birds鸟
2. 以s, x, ch, sh结尾的名词加“- es”(读/ iz/)。
例: box→boxes盒子 class→classes班级 watch→watches手表 dish→dishes盘子
3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的名词,要先将y改为i再加“- es”。
例: city→cities城市 body→bodies身体
以“元音字母+y”结尾的名词直接加“-s”。
例: monkey→monkeys猴子 holiday→holidays假期
4.以f或 fe结尾的名词,要将f或 fe改为v, 再加“- es”。
例: half→halves一半 knife→knives刀
5.以“辅音字母+o”结尾的名词,有生命力的加“- es”;无生命力的加“-s”。
例: potato→potatoes土豆(有生命力) photo→photos照片(无生命力)
以“元音字母+o”结尾的名词后面加“-s”。
例: radio→radios收音机 zoo→zoos动物园
(二)名词单数变复数的不规则变化
1. child→children孩子 foot→feet脚 man→men男人
woman→women女人 tooth→teeth 牙齿
2.单复数同形的名词
例: sheep绵羊 fish鱼(几条鱼复数为 fish,几种鱼为 fishes。)
3.集体名词,以单数形式出现,但实为复数含义。
例: people人 police警察
提分练 一、单项选择。
( ) 1. I can see three ________ in the zoo.
A. monkeys B. monkeies C. monkey
( ) 2. The monster has four ________.
A. foot B. feet C. foots
( ) 3. My two brothers are ________.
A. policeman B. policemans C. policemen
( ) 4. I can see ten ________ in the picture.
A. sheep B. dog C. pig
( ) 5. The ________ has three ________.
A. boys; watches B. boy; watch C. boy; watches
提分练 二、选词并用其适当形式填空,补全短文。(每词限用一次)
photo hamburger tomato noodle salad
Come and have lunch with us. First, let me take some 1. ________ of the food. I will send them to my WeChat Moments(朋友圈). Look, I have beef 2. ________. They are delicious. Diandian has a hamburger.3. ________ are his favourite food. Huahua has some 4. ________. It's healthy. We also have some 5. ________. They are so fresh. Do you want to come
[考点2] some与any 的用法
(
I
’
d like
some
water.
我想要一些水。
I
’
d like
some
noodles. 我想要一些面条。
)
some与any的用法及区别
some和 any 作为限定词或代词,可以用来说明或代替复数名词或不可数名词,表示不定量,意为“一些”。其区别是:some一般用在肯定句中,any一般用在否定句和一般疑问句中。如:
I have some new books.我有一些新书。
Do you have any tomatoes 你有西红柿吗
We don't have any eggs. Let's buy some.我们没有鸡蛋了。我们买一些吧。
当说话人有请求或建议语气并想得到对方的肯定回答时,some可用在一般疑问句中。如:
Would you like some juice 你想要来点果汁吗
Can I have some ice cream 我可以吃一些冰激凌吗
any修饰或指代名词,表示“任何一个”,用在肯定句中。如:
Any student can play ping- pong with me.任何学生都可以和我打乒乓球。
提分练 一、用 some 或 any 填空。
1. I can see ________ birds in the tree.
2. There isn't ________ water in my bottle. Please give me ________.
3.—Are there ________ boys in the park
—No, but there are ________ girls in it.
4.—Which one can I take
—You may take ________ one of them.
5.—Would you like ________ juice
—No. I'd like ________ tea.
6. I didn't eat ________ meat.
7.—Can I go to Disneyland again
—Sure. You can go at ________ time.
8.—Do you have ________ storybooks
—No, I don't have ________. But I have________ science books.
9. I have many pencils. ________ are red. ________ are green.
10.—May I ask you ________ questions, Miss De —Sure.
11. I have ________ new pens, but my brother doesn't have ________.
提分练 二、按要求完成句子。
1. Huahua would like some hamburgers.( 改为一般疑问句)
________________________________________________________
2. There is a tomato on the table.(改为复数句)
________________________________________________________
3. I have some beef noodles.( 改为否定句)
________________________________________________________
4. Do you want to buy any ice cream (改为肯定句)
________________________________________________________
5. What would you like for dinner (用 some rice 写完整答语)
________________________________________________________
6. What would you like to drink ( 根据实际情况回答问题)
________________________________________________________
[考点3] 特殊疑问句
(
What would you like to eat
你想吃什么?
What would you like to drink
你想
喝
什么?
)
一、特殊疑问句的用法
特殊疑问句通常用来询问具体情况,如某人做了什么事、事情发生在什么时间或地点等。特殊疑问句常由 what(什么), who(谁), whose(谁的), which(哪个), when(何时), why(为什么), where(哪里), how(怎样;如何), how many/ much(多少), how old(多大)等疑问词或疑问词组引导,如:
What's your favourite food 你最喜欢的食物是什么
二、特殊疑问句的句型结构
当提问句子的主语或主语的修饰词时,用陈述句语序。如:
Who likes maths 谁喜欢数学
Whose dress is purple 谁的裙子是紫色的
当提问句子的其他成分时,它的句型结构一般为“特殊疑问词+一般疑问句 ”。如:
Where are you from 你来自哪里
What colour do you like 你喜欢什么颜色
三、特殊疑问句的答语
特殊疑问句根据具体问题来回答。如:
—Who is he 他是谁
—He's my father.他是我的父亲。
四、常见的疑问词或疑问词组及用法
疑问词(组) 用法 示例
what(什么) 对事物或职业提问 What is that 那是什么 What does your father do 你的爸爸是做什么的
who(谁) 对“人”提问 Who is that girl 那个女孩是谁
whose(谁的) 对物品归属进行提问 Whose book is this 这是谁的书
which(哪个) 既可以对人提问,也可以对物提问 Which girl is your sister 哪个女孩是你的姐姐 Which season do you like best 你最喜欢哪个季节
when(何时) 对时间提问。对具体时刻提问也可用what time —When/ What time do you go to school 你什么时候去上学 —A+ 7:00.在七点。
why(为什么) 对原因提问 Why do you like summer 你为什么喜欢夏天
where(哪里) 对地点提问 Where are you now 你现在在哪里
how (怎样;如何) 对状态、程度、方式等提问 How are you 你身体如何
how many/ much (多少) how many用于提问可数名词的数量; how much用于提问不可数名词的数量,还可用于提问价格 How many sandwiches would you like 你想要几个三明治 How much salad do you want 你想要多少沙拉 How much is the fish 鱼多少钱
提分练 一、用合适的疑问词填空,补全对话。
1.—________ do you have on Friday
—We have Chinese and English.
2.—________ do you have breakfast —At 7:00.
3.—________ is your mother
—She is very well.
4.—________ are you from
—We' re from China.
5.—________ is the tall girl
—She is my sister.
提分练 二、单项选择。
( ) 1.—What are those —________
A. They're mine. B. They are pencil boxes. C. They are blue.
( ) 2.—________ are the pants
—They' re 98 yuan.
A. How much B. How many C. How old
( ) 3.—What is your father like —________
A. He likes books. B. He is a driver. C. He is kind.
( ) 4.—________ rice do you have
—Two bags.
A. How B. How many C. How much
( ) 5.—________ do you like autumn
—Because I like the red leaves in autumn.
A. When B. What C. Why
提分练 三、连词成句。
1. is, the, winter, weather, how, in( )
________________________________________________________
2. many, how, garden, are, in, there, flowers, the ( )
________________________________________________________
3. do, often, on, what, you, the, do, weekend( )
________________________________________________________
4. which, does, eat, hamburger, to, want, he ( )
________________________________________________________
5. favourite, what's, book, your( )
________________________________________________________
提分练 (
A.
I
like
it
very
much.
B.
My
favourite
subject
is
English.
C.
She
goes
to
bed
at
9:00.
D.
It's
Lucy's.
E.
A
cup
of
juice,
please.
)四、读问句,选择相应的答语。
( ) 1. What would you like to drink
( ) 2. How do you like the soup
( )3. Whose book is this
( ) 4. When does your sister go to bed
( ) 5. Which subject is your favourite
提分练 五、对画线部分提问。
1. They are sitting on the grass.
________________________________________________________
2. I watch TV in the afternoon.
________________________________________________________
3. I go swimming on Saturday.
________________________________________________________
4. I ride a bike on Sunday.
________________________________________________________
5. Diandian has four classes in the morning.
________________________________________________________
提分练 六、根据实际情况回答问题。
1. How old is your mother
________________________________________________________
2. Which season do you like best
________________________________________________________
3. Who is your favourite teacher
________________________________________________________
4. When do you go to school
________________________________________________________
5. What do you like to do in the evening
________________________________________________________
重难点强化练习
一、选择题
3.当你想知道别人最喜欢吃什么水果时,你应说:( )
A.What's your favourite food B.What's your favourite fruit C.Would you like to drink
4.当你想吃点面条时,你应说:( )
A.I'd like some noodles B.I like noodles. C.My favourite food is noodles.
5.—I like hamburgers. ( )
—But they are not _____.
A.clever B.fresh C.healthy
6.—What would you like to drink ( )
—_____________
A.I like tea. B.A sandwich, please. C.I’d like some water.
7.—What’s your favorite food ( )
—_______.
A.Fish and vegetables B.Delicious C.Lake
选出每组单词中画线部分发音不同的一项。
8.A.now B.snow C.how
9.A.cow B.yellow C.slow
10.A.how B.brown C.tomorrow
11.A.slow B.cow C.wow
12.A.now B.window C.town
三、填空题
13.—What would you like to (drink / eat) —Some beef, please.
14.I’d like a , please.
15.The fruit looks so f . I can’t wait to have a try.
16.—Do you like it
—No, I don’t. It’s very h .
17.—What would you like to eat
—I’d like some r and a h .
四、单词题
照样子写单词。
例:banana bananas
18.pear
19.carrot
20.noodle
21.hamburger
22.onion
五、连线题
23.Read and choose. 根据句子,读句子,将相关的图片连线。
1. I’m Mr. Brown. I’d like a hamburger and some juice.
2. I’m Mrs. Brown. I’d like a sandwich and a salad, please.
3. I’m Jack. I want beef noodles and tomato soup today.
4. I’m Linda. I’d like some rice and fish.
5. I’m Bobby dog. I’d like a sandwich and some milk.
1. a.
2. b.
3. c.
4. d.
5. e.
(
A.Sandwiches.
B.Yes, I do.
C. I’d like some water.
D.He’s strict.
E. Thank you.
)六、匹配题
24.What would you like to drink ( )
25.What’s your favourite food ( )
26.Do you like noodles ( )
27.Here you are. ( )
28.What’s he like ( )
七、补全对话/短文
读图,完成短文。
There are 29 students in my class. Seven students like 30 . Fifteen students like 31 . Ten students like hamburgers and 32 students like ice cream. We like 33 food.
A.different
B.eleven
C.beef noodles
D.egg sandwiches
E.forty-three
八、句型转换
34.I’d like some orange juice. (对划线部分提问)
you like to drink
35.My favourite food is sandwiches. (就画线部分提问)
is your favourite food
36.We like tomato soup. (用she替换we改写句子)
37.What would you like to eat (根据实际情况回答)
38.Dad: I’m thirsty.
Tony: I’d like some orange juice.
九、阅读理解
阅读对话,根据对话内容判断句子的正(T)误(F)。
Alice: Are you hungry, Bill
Bill: Yes, I am.
Alice: It’s time for dinner. What would you like to eat
Bill: I’d like some hamburgers. Let’s go to a fast food restaurant (快餐店).
Alice: Do you often eat fast food
Bill: Yes. It is fast and delicious.
Alice: But it is not healthy. You should not eat too much.
Bill: You’re right. Where should we eat
Alice: I’ll cook for you. Let’s eat some fish and vegetables.
Bill: OK.
39.It is time for dinner. ( )
40.Bill often eats fast food. ( )
41.Alice thinks fast food is delicious. ( )
42.Bill will cook dinner. ( )
43.They will have some fish and vegetables for dinner. ( )
参考答案
(1) 可数名词变复数规则
一、1. A 解析: monkey 的复数形式是 monkeys。
2. B 解析: foot的复数形式是 feet。
3. C 解析: policeman的复数形式是 policemen。
4. A 解析: ten 意为“十”, 后面要跟可数名词的复数形式。sheep单复数同形,故选 A。
5. C 解析:谓语动词是 has,主语为第三人称单数形式。 three 意为“三”,后面要跟可数名词的复数形式, watch 的复数形式是 watches。
二、1. photos 解析: 根据下一句中的“ send them to my We Chat Moments.”, 可知此处选择 photo; some后需用其复数形式 photos。
2. noodles 解析:根据下一句“ They are delicious.”可知此处填复数形式; 又因前面的 beef,可知用 noodles。
3. Hamburgers 解析:根据前一句“ Diandian has a hamburger.”可知, 此处选择 hamburger;又因 are 与名词复数形式连用,此空位于句子的开头, 故答案为 Hamburgers。
4. salad 解析:根据“ It’s healthy.”可知, 此处在 some 后应为不可数名词, 故选 salad。
5. tomatoes 解析:用排除法及后面的 fresh 可知此处选 tomato,some后面跟可数名词复数形式,故填 tomatoes。
(2) some 与 any 的用法
一、1. some 解析:该句子为肯定句, 且 birds是可数名词的复数形式,故填 some。
2. any; some 解析:前一句为否定句, 用 any。后一句为肯定句, 且省略了 water, water是不可数名词, 前面用 some。3. any; some 解析:一般疑问句中用 any, 肯定句中用 some。
4. any 解析: any one of them 意为“它们中的任何一个”。
5. some; some 解析:“ Would you like… ” 属于提出委婉的请求,想得到肯定答复,故用 some。 tea是不可数名词, 前面用 some。
6. any 解析:否定句中用 any。
7. any 解析:“ at any time”表示“在任何时间”。
8. any; any; some
9. Some; Some
10. some 解析:当说话人有请求或建议语气并想得到对方的肯定回答时,some可用在一般疑问句中。
11. some; any
二、1. Would Huahua like some hamburgers
2. There are some tomatoes on the table.
3. I don't have any beef noodles.
4. I want to buy some ice cream.
5. I would like some rice for dinner.
6. I would like to drink some water.(答案不唯一)
(3) 特殊疑问句
一、1. What 2. When 3. How 4. Where 5. Who
二、1. B 解析:问句意为“那些是什么 ”,故选 B。
2. A 解析:由回答“98元”可知,问句提问价格,用“ how much”, 故选 A。
3. C 解析:“ What is… like ”用于询问性格特征, 故选 C。
4. C 解析:由回答“两袋”可知,问句提问“多少”,rice 是不可数名词, 用“ how much”, 故选 C。
5. C 解析:由答语中的“ Because”可知, 问句提问“为什么”,故选C。
三、1. How is the weather in winter
2. How many flowers are there in the garden
3. What do you often do on the weekend
4. Which hamburger does he want to eat
5. What's your favourite book
四、1. E 2. A 3. D 4. C 5. B
五、1. Where are they sitting
2. Who watches TV in the afternoon
3. When do you go swimming
4. What do you do on Sunday
5. How many classes does Diandian have in the morning
六、(答案不唯一)
1. My mother is 36 years old.
2. I like summer best.
3. Ms Ma is my favourite teacher.
4. I go to school at eight o’ clock.
5. I like to read some books in the evening.
重难点强化练习参考答案
3.B
【详解】A你最喜欢什么食物?B你最喜欢什么水果?C你想喝什么?根据题目要求可知B选项符合,故选B。
【点睛】
4.A
【详解】A我想要一些面条。B我喜欢面条。C我最喜欢的食物是面条。根据题目要求可知A选项符合,故选A。
【点睛】
5.C
【详解】句意:—我喜欢汉堡包。—但它们不健康。本题考查形容词辨析。A聪明的,B新鲜的,C健康的。根据常识可知汉堡包不利于健康,故选C。
6.C
【详解】句意:—你想要喝什么?—我想要喝水。本题考查特殊疑问句的答语。A我喜欢茶。B一个三明治,请。C我想要水。问句是你想要喝什么,C符合语境,故选C。
7.A
【详解】句意:—你最喜欢的食物是什么?—鱼和蔬菜。本题考查特殊疑问句的答语。A鱼和蔬菜,B美味的,C湖。问句是你最喜欢的食物是什么,A符合题意,故选A。
8.B 9.A 10.C 11.A 12.B
【解析】8.AC选项划线部分的发音均为/a /,B选项划线部分的发音为/ /,可知B选项不同,故选B。
9.BC选项划线部分的发音均为/ /,A选项划线部分的发音为/a /,可知A选项不同,故选A。
10.AB选项划线部分的发音均为/a /,C选项划线部分的发音为/ /,可知C选项不同,故选C。
11.BC选项划线部分的发音均为/a /,A选项划线部分的发音为/ /,可知A选项不同,故选A。
12.AC选项划线部分的发音均为/a /,B选项划线部分的发音为/ /,可知B选项不同,故选B。
13.eat
【详解】句意:—你想吃什么?—一些牛肉。本题考查动词辨析,drink喝,eat吃,根据答语可知问句问想吃什么,故答案为eat。
14.hamburger
【详解】句意:我想要一个汉堡包。本题考查可数名词及其单复数。题中图片是汉堡包hamburger,横线前有a一修饰,填可数名词单数形式hamburger,故答案为hamburger。
15.fresh/resh
【详解】句意:这水果是如此新鲜。我迫不及待地想要尝尝。本题考查形容词的用法,形容词放在系动词be之后作表语,fresh新鲜的,故答案为fresh。
16.hot/ot
【详解】句意:—你喜欢它吗?—不,我不喜欢。它很热。本题考查形容词的用法,根据图片及首字母,可知单词为hot热的,形容词,做is的表语,故答案为hot。
17. rice hamburger
【详解】句意:—你想吃什么?—我想要一些米饭和一个汉堡包。本题考查名词的数。根据句意及首字母,可知单词为rice米饭,不可数名词,hamburger汉堡包,可数名词,前面有a修饰,用单数,故答案为rice,hamburger。
18.pears 19.carrots 20.noodles 21.hamburgers 22.onions
【分析】根据所给例子,banana香蕉,名词单数,复数形式为bananas,可知应写出所给单词的复数形式。
18.pear,梨,复数在词尾加s。故答案为pears。
19.carrot,胡萝卜,复数在词尾加s。故答案为carrots。
20.noodle,面条,复数在词尾加s。故答案我noodles。
21.hamburger,汉堡,复数在词尾加s。故答案为hamburgers。
22.onion,洋葱,复数在词尾加s。故答案为onions。
23.1-5 eabdc
【详解】1.句意:我是布朗先生。我想要一个汉堡和一些果汁。e汉堡和果汁,符合题意,故连e。
2.句意:我是布朗夫人。我想要一个三明治和一个沙拉。a三明治和沙拉,符合题意,故连a。
3.句意:我是杰克。我今天想要牛肉面和西红柿汤。b牛肉面和西红柿汤,符合题意,故连b。
4.句意:我是琳达。我想要一些米饭和鱼。d米饭和鱼,符合题意,故连d。
5.句意:我是波比狗。我想要一个三明治和一些牛奶。c三明治和牛奶,符合题意,故连c。
故答案为1-5 e a b d c。
【点睛】
24.C 25.A 26.B 27.E 28.D
【解析】24.句意:你想喝什么?答语回答饮品,选项C“我想要一些水。”符合题意,故选C。
25.句意:你最喜欢的食物是什么?答语回答食物,选项A“三明治。”符合题意,故选A。
26.句意:你喜欢面条吗?一般疑问句用yes或no回答,选项B“是的,我喜欢。”符合题意,故选B。
27.句意:给你。答语说谢谢,选项E“谢谢。”符合题意,故选E。
28.句意:他什么样?答语回答性格或外貌特征,选项D“他很严厉。”符合题意,故选D。
29.E 30.D 31.C 32.B 33.A
【导语】本文讲了学生们喜欢的食物。
29.句意:我的班里有_____名学生。根据图片可知有43名学生,forty-three43,故选E。
30.句意:七名学生喜欢______。根据图片可知七名学生喜欢鸡蛋三明治,egg sandwiches鸡蛋三明治,故选D。
31.句意:十五名学生喜欢_______。根据图片可知十五名学生喜欢牛肉面,beef noodles牛肉面,故选C。
32.句意:十名学生喜欢汉堡包,______名学生喜欢冰淇淋。根据图片可知十一名学生喜欢冰淇淋,eleven十一,故选B。
33.句意:我们喜欢______食物。根据图片可知喜欢不同的食物,different不同的,故选A。
34. What would
【详解】原句句意:我想要一些橙汁。本题考查句型转换。划线部分是想要的,用what提问,问句为:你想喝什么?故答案为What,would。
35.What
【详解】原句句意:我最喜欢的食物是三明治。本题考查句型转换。画线部分是sandwiches三明治,对食物提问用 what,所以问句为:What is your favourite food (你最喜欢的食物是什么?),故答案为What。
36.She likes tomato soup.
【详解】原句句意:我们喜欢番茄汤。本题考查句型转换。本题为陈述句的肯定形式,时态为一般现在时。要求用she替换we,句子主语由第一人称改为第三人称,动词也要改为对应的第三人称单数形式,其余不变。like的第三人称单数形式为likes。句首首字母大写。故答案为She likes tomato soup.
37.I’d like to eat some beef.(答案不唯一)
【详解】原句句意:你想要吃什么?本题考查特殊疑问句答语,根据实际情况回答,答案不唯一,如:我想要吃一些牛肉。故答案为I’d like to eat some beef.
38.What would you like to drink
【详解】句意:爸爸:我渴了,_______?托尼:我想要喝些橙汁。本题考查what引导的特殊疑问句,根据问号及后文托尼的回答“我想要喝些橙汁。”,可知前文是爸爸问托尼想喝什么,故答案为What would you like to drink
39.T 40.T 41.F 42.F 43.T
【导语】本文讨论了食物。
39.句意:该吃晚饭了。根据“It’s time for dinner.”,可知题干与对话相符,故答案为T。
40.句意:比尔经常吃快餐。根据“Alice: Do you often eat fast food Bill: Yes.”,可知题干与对话相符,故答案为T。
41.句意:爱丽丝认为快餐很美味。根据“Bill: Yes. It is fast and delicious.”,可知比尔认为快餐很美味,故答案为F。
42.句意:比尔会做饭。根据“Alice: I’ll cook for you.”,可知爱丽丝会做饭,故答案为F。
43.句意:他们晚餐会吃一些鱼和蔬菜。根据“Alice: I’ll cook for you. Let’s eat some fish and vegetables.”,可知题干与对话相符,故答案为T。
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