中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Module 2
重难点讲练
[考点1] how many和how much 的辨析
(
How many
apples did your mum say
你妈妈说了多少个苹果?
How much
cheese did she say
她说了多少奶酪?
)
一、how many的用法
how many用来对可数名词的数量提问,后接可数名词的复数形式。
句型结构:—How many +可数名词复数+一般疑问句
—基数词+可数名词(复数).
例:—How many books did you buy 你买了多少本书
—Five books. 五本书。
二、how much的用法
1. how much用来对不可数名词的量提问,后接不可数名词。句型结构:
—How much +不可数名词+一般疑问句
—Half a kilo./ Six bottles...
例: —How much bread did you buy 你买了多少面包
—Half a kilo. 0.5千克。
2. how much用来询问价钱,意思是“多少钱”。
句型结构:
(1) How much is+可数名词单数/不可数名词
(2) How much are +可数名词复数
例: How much is this book 这本书多少钱
How much is milk 牛奶多少钱
How much are two apples 两个苹果多少钱
提分练 一、选词填空,补全对话。
1.—________________( How many/ How much) rice did your dad buy
—Five kilos.
2.—________________( How many/ How much) apples do you want
—Eight.
3.—________________( How many/ How much ) is your cap
—Ten yuan.
4.—________________( How many/ How much) cheese do you want
—Half a kilo.
提分练 二、单项选择。
( ) 1. How many ________ did you buy
A. schoolbag B. schoolbags C. ball
( ) 2. How much ________ did you eat
A. chocolate B. vegetables C. noodles
( ) 3. How many ________ do you have
A. box B. boxes C. a box
( ) 4. How many ________ are there in your school
A. boy B. child C. girls
( ) 5.—________ is the T- shirt
—It's sixty yuan.
A. How B. How many C. How much
( ) 6.—How many hats do you have
—________
A. Three hats. B. Three cats. C. Three hat.
提分练 三、对画线部分提问。
1. I need half a kilo of meat.
________________________________________________________
2. We bought two bottles of soya milk.
________________________________________________________
3. Diandian bought four pencils.
________________________________________________________
4. It's eighty yuan.
________________________________________________________
[考点2] 可数名词和不可数名词
(
I bought five
pears
.
我买了五只梨。
How much
cheese
did she say
她说了多少奶酪?
)
一、可数名词
定义:可以以数目来计算,能够分成个体的名词就是可数名词。可数名词又分为单数名词和复数名词。不定冠词、基数词可直接修饰可数名词,表示数量。
可数名词单数前加不定冠词a/ an的规则:
(1)名词以辅音音素开头时,使用不定冠词a。
例:a dog, a uniform
(2)名词以元音音素开头时,使用不定冠词 an。
例: an apple, an hour
可数名词由单数变为复数分为规则变化和不规则变化两种。
(1)单数变复数的规则变化:
①一般情况下,词尾直接加-s,例:
单数 复数 发音
snake snakes 清辅音+s读[s]
bed beds 浊辅音+s读[z]
tree trees 元音+s读[z]
②元音字母加y结尾,直接加-s,发音为[z]。
例: boy-boys toy-toys
③辅音字母加y结尾,变y为i,加- es,发音为[ z]。
例: baby- babies story- stories
④以s,x, sh, ch结尾,加- es,发音为[ Iz]。
例: bus- buses box- boxes
⑤以o结尾且表示人或农作物等有生命的事物的名词,在词尾加- es,发音为[z]。
例: potato- potatoes tomato- tomatoes
⑥以o结尾,表示无生命的事物的名词,多数加-s,发音为[z]。
例: photo- photos piano- pianos
(2)单数变复数的不规则变化:
单数 复数
单复数同形 sheep sheep
Chinese Chinese
Japanese Japanese
fish fish
people people
改变词尾 child children
改变中间元音 man men
woman women
foot feet
二、不可数名词
定义:不能以数目来计算,不可以分成个体的名词就是不可数名词。
(1)可以用“a / an/基数词+计量单位名词+ of +不可数名词”来表示数量。
例: Congcong wants a cup of tea. 聪聪想要一杯茶。
(2)不可数名词作主语时,如果没有具体的量词修饰,谓语动词用单数形式:
例: There is some bread on the table. 桌子上有一些面包。
(3)不可数名词前不能用不定冠词a/ an,但可以用 the、some、much、a lot of、lots of等修饰。
例: I need some milk.我需要一些牛奶。
提分练 一、超市物品可真多, 请你圈出货架上的不可数名词, 并在可数名词下面的横线上写出其复数形式。
milk ________ potato ________ banana ________ egg ________
apple ________ tea ________ water ________ cheese ________
peach ________ peanut ________ tomato ________ rice ________
提分练 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空, 完成句子。
1. There is some ________( bread) in the fridge.
2.—Do you want some orange ________( juice )
—Yes, please.
3. Mum bought two ________( bottle) of ________( coffee).
4. How many ________( sheep) are there on the farm
5. There is some ________( food) in the basket.
6. They have five big ________( fish).
7. Let's take some ________( photo).
8. There are many ________( tomato).
9. There are three ________( people ) in my ________( family).
提分练 三、单项选择。
( )1. I' ll buy six ________.
A. ice cream B. ice creams C. potato
( ) 2. There are ________ books on the desk.
A. many B. any C. much
( ) 3. ________ there any milk in the glass
A. Is B. Are C. Am
( ) 4. Let’s buy one kilo ________ chicken.
A. for B. of C. about
( ) 5.—How much ________ do you need
—Two ________.
A. rice; kilo B. pears; kilos C. rice; kilos
( ) 6. Look at the ________ between the big trees.
A. man B. womans C. mans
提分练 四、选出符合句意的图片。
( ) 1. She ate all the chocolate.
( ) 2. I bought some sweets.
( ) 3. How many noodles did you have
( ) 4. The little girl drank some soup.
( ) 5. Mum makes some moon cakes for us.
( ) 6. There are some clothes.
提分练 五、完形填空。
Today is Saturday. I make a 1. ________ list. My mum takes me to a big supermarket. There are many 2. ________ in it. You can see many kinds of goods(商品) there. Look, there is 3. ________, drinks and fruit. Some shoes and hats are on sale. Mum buys a nice hat for me. I like it very much. vegetables in the supermarket 5. ________ very cheap.
( )1. A. shop B. shopping C. shopping
( ) 2. A. thing B. things C. thank
( ) 3. A. food B. foot C. foods
( ) 4. A. meat B. meats C. meet
( )5. A. is B. am C. are
重难点强化练习
一、读一读,选出每组单词画线部分读音不同的词。
( )4.A.shop B.go C.lost
( )5.A.number B.mother C.use
( )6.A.brother B.bottle C.dog
( )7.A.teacher B.er C.mother
( )8.A.can B.want C.what
二、单项选择。
( )9.We need food _______ our picnic.
A.to B.of C.for
( )10.How much _______ do you need
A.books B.cheese C.bananas
( )11.—_______ apples did you buy —Five.
A.How much B.How many C.What
( )12.—How much milk do you want
—_______
A.Two bottle. B.Two bottles. C.Two.
( )13.What did you buy
A.I want some chocolate. B.I bought some chocolate.
三、填空题
A.How much B.How many
14.— pears do you want
—Five, please.
15.— cheese do you want
—A kilo.
16.— books are there
—Eight.
17.— juice did you buy
—Two bottles.
18.— meat do you want
—Two kilos, please.
四、选择题
( )19.—How much milk did you buy
—One bottle.
A. B.
( )20.Let’s go to the supermarket.
A. B.
( )21.—Do you like cheese
—Yes, I do.
A. B.
( )22.—How many bananas did you buy
—Eight.
A. B.
( )23.—What did you buy
—Two eggs.
A. B.
(
A.Six, please.
B.No, I don't.
C. Here! I ate it all.
D.We bought some juice.
E. Three bottles.
)五、匹配题
( )24.Do you like milk
( )25.How many oranges do you need
( )26.What did you buy
( )27.How much juice did you buy
( )28.Where is the fruit
六、补全对话/短文
A: Hi, Bill. 29
B: I bought some eggs and rice.
A: 30
B: Twelve eggs. 31
A: Yes, I did. 32
B: No, I bought some vegetables. 33
A: I bought some rice and some meat.
B: Oh, I know you like meat best.
A: Ha ha...
A.What about you
B.What did you buy at the supermarket
C.How many eggs did you buy
D.Did you buy meat
E.Did you go to the supermarket yesterday
参考答案
(1) how many 和 how much 的辨析
一、1. How much 解析: how much 意为“多少”, 对空后不可数名词 rice 的量提问。
2. How many 解析: how many 意为“多少”, 对空后可数名词 apples 的数量提问。
3. How much 解析: how much意为“多少钱”, 对价格提问。
4. How much 解析: how much 意为“多少”, 对空后不可数名词 cheese的量提问。
二、1. B 解析: how many意为“多少”, 对可数名词的数量提问, 后面加可数名词复数。
2. A 解析: how much 意为“多少”, 对不可数名词的量提问, 后面加不可数名词。
3. B 4. C
5. C 解析: how much 意为“多少钱”, 对价格提问。
6. A 解析: how many 意为“多少”, 对可数名词的数量提问, 答句结构为“基数词+可数名词(复数).”。
三、1. How much meat do you need 解析:画线部分是不可数名词 meat的量, 故用 How much提问。
2. How much soya milk did you buy 解析:画线部分是不可数名词 soya milk 的量, 故用 How much 提问。
3. How many pencils did Diandian buy 解析:画线部分是可数名词 pencil的数量, 故用 How many 提问。
4. How much is it 解析:画线部分是价格, 故用 How much 提问。
(2)可数名词和不可数名词
一、
解析:可数名词: 指能以数目来计算, 可以分成个体的名词。不可数名词: 指不能以数目来计算, 不可以分成个体的名词。
二、1. bread 解析: some修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词, bread 是不可数名词。
2. juice 解析: juice 是不可数名词。
3. bottles; coffee 解析: coffee 是不可数名词, 在表示数量时可以用“瓶”作为单位, bottle是可数名词,“两瓶咖啡”是“ two bottles of coffee”。
4. sheep 解析: sheep单复数同形。
5. food 解析: food指“食物”时, 是不可数名词。
6. fish 解析: fish“鱼”单复数同形, “ five big fish”表示“五条大鱼”。
7. photos 解析: photo是可数名词, 变复数加-s。
8. tomatoes 解析: tomato是可数名词, 变复数在词尾加- es。
9. people; family 解析:第一空 people 是集合名词,本身是复数。第二空“ in my family”意为“在我家中”。
三、1. B 解析: ice cream复数形式直接加-s。
2. A 解析: books是可数名词复数, 用 many 修饰。
3. A 解析: milk 是不可数名词, be 动词用 is。
4. B 解析:a/ an/基数词+计量单位名词+ of+不可数名词, 用来表示不可数名词的量。
5. C 解析: How much 后加不可数名词, 计量单位 kilo 是可数的, 前面有数字 Two, kilo 要变成复数形式 kilos。
6. A 解析: woman的复数形式为 women, man 的复数形式为 men。
四、1. A 2. D 3. C 4. B 5. E 6. F
五、1. B 解析:固定搭配“ shopping list”意为“购物清单”。
2. B 解析: thing 是可数名词, 变复数直接加-s。
3. A 解析: food作“食物”讲时, 是不可数名词。
4. A 解析: meat是不可数名词。
5. C 解析:句子主语 All the vegetables 为复数概念, be动词要用 are。
重难点强化练习参考答案
4.B 5.C 6.A 7.B 8.A
【解析】4.该题选项AC画线部分读音为[ ],选项B画线部分读音为[ ],所以B不同,故选B。
5.该题选项AB画线部分读音为[ ],选项C画线部分读音为[ju ],所以C不同,故选C。
6.该题选项BC画线部分读音为[ ],选项A画线部分读音为[ ];所以A不同,故选A。
7.该题选项AC画线部分读音为[ (r)],选项B画线部分读音为[ (r)],所以B不同,故选B。
8.该题选项BC画线部分读音为[ ],选项A画线部分读音为[ ],所以A不同,故选A。
9.C
【详解】句意:我们野餐需要食物。A到,B……的,C为,选项C符合句意,故选C。
10.B
【详解】句意:你(们)需要多少奶酪?根据句意及how much可知本题询问不可数名词的数量,AC是可数名词复数,B是不可数名词,故选B。
11.B
【详解】句意:—你买了多少个苹果?—五个。根据答语可知问句问数量,apples是名词复数,用how many询问数量,故选B。
12.B
【详解】句意:你需要多少牛奶?两瓶。bottle是可数名词,两瓶的表达是two bottles,故选B。
13.B
【详解】问句句意:你买了什么?A我想要一些巧克力,B我买了一些巧克力,B项符合题意。故选B。
14.B 15.A 16.B 17.A 18.A
【分析】14.句意:—你想要多少个梨?—请给我五个。pears是可数名词复数,询问数量用how many,故选B。
15.句意:—你想要多少奶酪?—一公斤。cheese是不可数名词,询问数量用how much,故选A。
16.句意:—有几本书?—八本。books是可数名词复数,询问数量用how many,故选B。
17.句意:—你买了多少果汁?—两瓶。juice是不可数名词,询问数量用how much,故选A。
18.句意:—你想要多少肉?—请给我两公斤。meat是不可数名词,询问数量用how much,故选A。
19.A
【详解】句意:—你买了多少牛奶?—一瓶。图片A是一瓶牛奶;图片B是三瓶牛奶;故选A。
20.B
【详解】句意:让我们去超市吧。图A是动物园,图B是超市,故选B。
21.A
【详解】句意:—你喜欢奶酪吗?—是的,我喜欢。图片A是奶酪;图片B是面条;故选A。
22.B
【详解】句意:—你买了多少根香蕉?—8根。图A是橘子,图B是香蕉,故选B。
23.A
【详解】句意:—你买了什么?—两个鸡蛋。选项A是两个鸡蛋,故选A。
24.B 25.A 26.D 27.E 28.C
【解析】24.句意:你喜欢牛奶吗?问句是一般疑问句,根据助动词do可知回答也应借助do。B项“No, I don't. 不,我不喜欢。”符合题意,故选B。
25.句意:你需要多少个橘子?how many是对可数名词的数量进行提问,应用数词回答。A项“Six, please. 6个。”符合题意,故选A。
26.句意:你们买了什么?问句为一般过去时的特殊疑问句,回答也应用一般过去时。D项“We bought some juice. 我们买了些果汁。”符合题意,故选D。
27.句意:你买了多少果汁?how much是对不可数名词的数量进行提问,应回答数量。E项“Three bottles. 三瓶。”符合题意,故选E。
28.句意:水果在哪里?问句询问的是在哪里,应回答地点。C项“Here! I ate it all. 在这里!我都吃掉了。”符合题意,故选C。
29.B 30.C 31.E 32.D 33.A
【分析】29.下句说:我买了一些鸡蛋和米饭。可知这句问买了什么,B你在超市买了什么?符合语境,故选B。
30.下句说:12个鸡蛋。可知这句问数量,C你买了多少鸡蛋?符合语境,故选C。
31.下句是:Yes, I did.,可知这句是did开头的一般疑问句,E你昨天去超市了吗?符合语境,故选E。
32.下句说:不,我买了一些蔬菜。D你买肉了吗?符合语境,故选D。
33.下句说:我买了一些米饭和一些肉。可知这句是B反问A,A你呢?符合语境,故选A。
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