2016中考英语（冀教版）教材知识梳理八年级(下) Units 3—4 复习学案

八年级(下) Units 3—4
中考基础知识梳理
类别 课标考点要求
词汇拓展 1.scare→(形容词)________2．mouse→(复数)________3．lay→(过去分词)________4．shake→(过去式)________ 5.danger→(形容词)________6．fool→(形容词)________7．invitation→(动词)________8．sell→(反义词)________ 9.receive→(反义词)________10．advantage→(反义词)________11．appear→(名词)________
短语互译 1.on a vacation ________2．________害怕3．________因……而出名4．up to ________5．________用……代替；是……而不是……6．wait a minute ________7．at the beginning of ________8．________下跌到；跌至9．________保持平衡10．________处于危险状态11．________把……砍倒；减少 12.________(除某事或某人外)还；也13．touch one's heart ________14．________依靠；取决于；根据15．________传递；前进16．by hand ________17．keep on ________18．in seconds ________19．far away ________20．aside from ________21．________占用，占据；开始从事；接受(提议)22．set up a time________
句型温故 1.“你想有什么宠物？”“我想有一只狗。”—________would you like to have —I'd like to have a dog.2．你不能给熊喂面包圈！You ________feed donuts ________a bear!3．如果他来到我们社区，将会发生什么？________happen if he comes to our neighbourhood 4．我曾经仅仅认为同类动物才居住在一起。I ________think only the same animal live together.5．你认为动物之间会说什么？________do you think the animals are saying to each other 6．互联网是怎么帮助你们的？________the Internet help you？ 7.它是许多国家重大的节日之一。It's ______________________________________in many countries.8．仅写一本书就要花费很长的时间！It ________ a long time ________________ just one book!9．对于普通人来说，读书也变得有可能。It was also ________________ common people ________________ books.10．在网上花费太多的时间对人们的健康有害。________________________________ time online ________ harmful to people's health.11．我知道如何在网上下载电子书。I know ____________________________ ebooks online.
语法总览 1.不定代词：some，any。 2.if引导的条件状语从句和宾语从句。
话题再现 1.Animals are our Friends(动物是我们的朋友) 2.The Internet Connects Us(网络连接你我)
河北五年中考真题演练
◆不定代词
( )1.(2013年30题)You don't have a drink.Can I get you ________？
A．something B．anything
C．nothing D．everything
( )2.(2010年40题)She is new here，so we know ________ about her.
A．nothing B．something
C．anything D．everything
◆条件状语从句
( )3.(2012年36题)Studying in groups is necessary ________ you want to do well in school.
A．if B．until
C．unless D．though
河北中考重难点突破
avoid的用法
【考点抢测】
1．They all avoided ________(mention) that name.
2．They built a wall ________(避免) soil being washed away.
3．He's been ________(逃避) me all week.
( )4.(2015唐山龙泉中学模拟)The lazy man tried to ________ doing his work.
A．escape B．avoid C．keep D．enjoy
( )5.He avoided ________ my questions.
A．answer B．answering
C．to answer D．answered
【考点剖析】avoid可表示“避开”或“躲避”(keep oneself from)某人或某物；也可表示“防止”(prevent)某事的发生。如：I think she is avoiding me.我想她是在躲着我。
avoid＋名词/代词/动名词作宾语，但是不能接不定式作宾语。
warn的用法
【考点抢测】
( )The zoo keepers warn visitors ________ close to the dangerous animals.
A．not getting B．getting not
C．not to get D．to not get
【考点剖析】warn v．警告；提醒
(1)warn sb.(not) to do sth.意为“提醒/警告某人(不要)做某事”。如：
He warned me not to go there alone at night.
他警告我晚上不要独自一人去那里。
(2)warn sb.of/about…意为“提醒/警告某人注意……(尤其是有危险或不良后果的事)”。如：
He warned us about the serious situation now.
他提醒我们注意目前严峻的形势。
(3)warn sb.against(doing) sth.意为“提醒/警告某人(不要做)某事”，相当于“warn sb.not to do sth.”。如：
They warned him against swimming in that part of the river.他们警告他不要在河的那个地段游泳。
(4)warn sb.that…意为“提醒/警告某人……”。如：
I warned them that there might be snakes in the woods.我提醒他们树林里可能会有蛇。
辨析hope和wish
【考点抢测】
( )1.(2015张家口9中模拟)I ________ I were a bird.
A．wish B．hope C．want
2．我希望你快乐。
I ________ you ________ be happy.
【考点剖析】hope，wish
hope wish
hope to do sth. wish to do sth.
hope＋that从句(较易实现的愿望) wish＋that从句(不易实现的愿望)
I hope so.希望如此。I hope not.希望不会如此。
wish sb.to do sth.
wish sb.＋n.祝福……(＝may sb.＋v.)
hope n．希望(不可数名词)Don't give up hope. wish n．祝愿(可数名词)Best wishes to you！
if引导多种状语从句
【考点抢测】
( )(2016中考预测)—Can you guess if Mike ________ swimming this afternoon
—I think he will go with us if he ________ free.
A．will go；is
B．will go; will be
C．goes；is
D．goes；will be
【考点剖析】本句为含if引导的条件状语从句的复合句。if引导的条件状语从句既可以放在主句之前，也可以放在主句之后。在以下三种情况下，if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时代替将来时：
(1)当主句用一般将来时态时；
(2)当主句中含有情态动词时；
(3)当主句为祈使句时。
如：If it's fine tomorrow，they'll climb the hill.如果明天天气好的话，他们将去爬山。
Please call him if you get there.
如果你到了那儿，请给他打电话。
疑问词＋动词不定式
【考点抢测】
( )(2016中考预测)—Excuse me.Could you please tell me ________ my car
—Sure.Park it right here.
A．how to stop
B．where to park
C．when to park
【考点剖析】“疑问词＋不定式”结构常用作宾语。这类简单句往往是由(含特殊疑问句变成的宾语从句的)复合句转化而成。如：
I'm thinking about what to say.(＝I'm thinking about what I should say.)我在考虑说什么。
【考点拓展】此结构还可作主语和表语。如：
What to begin with hasn't been decided.
以什么开始还没有决定。(作主语)
Our problem is where to get the novel.
我们的问题是从哪儿得到这本小说。(作表语)
sure的用法
【考点抢测】
( )1.I________ you will like the new book.
A．am sure of
B．am sure that
C．am sure to
D．am sure about
( )2.Please look over your paper carefully to ________ there are no mistakes.
A．find out B．think of
C．make sure D．try out
【考点剖析】be sure用法：(1)常接that从句作宾语，表示“确定；肯定……”，主句的主语必须是人，其否定形式为be not sure。(2)be sure to do sth.意为“一定要做某事；务必……”。(3)be sure of/about表示主语“对……有把握；相信……”。
辨析see，observe，notice和watch
【考点抢测】
( )If we ________ the things around us，we can find many physical phenomena.
A．see
B．notice
C．observe
D．watch
【考点剖析】(1)see看到，强调看的结果。
(2)observe和notice都有“看到；注意到”之意，但observe强调“留心观察”和“认真观看”。如：If you observe carefully，you can find many strange things.如果你用心观察，你就会发现许多奇怪的事。
(3)notice注意到。其内涵是“看到目的物后要作出反应”。如：Did you notice him leave the house？你看到他离开房子了吗？
(4)watch观看；监视。强调仔细、认真跟踪运动着的目标。如：Watch what I do，and learn it.注意看我的动作然后学习。
dry的用法
【考点抢测】
( )Tom，your shoes are wet.You need to ________.
A．dry off them
B．dry them off
C．dry off it
D．dry it off
【考点剖析】(1)dry动词，意为“使……干燥；弄干”。dry off意为“弄干”。
如：I need to dry myself off because I get wet.因为我弄湿了，所以需要弄干自己。
(2)dry也可作形容词，意为“干的，干燥的；干旱的”。
如：The paint isn't dry yet.油漆还没干。
辨析lay和lie
【考点抢测】
1．上星期母鸡下了三个蛋。
The hen ________ three eggs last week.
2．他正躺在树阴下。
He was ________ in the shade of the tree.
3．工厂在小镇的西边。
The factory ________ to the west of town.
4．昨天你对我撒谎了。
You ________ to me yesterday.
【考点剖析】lay和lie
词 意义 过去式 过去分词 现在分词
lay 放置；产(卵) laid laid laying
lie 躺；位于 lay lain lying
lie 撒谎 lied lied lying
河北中考考点精练
Ⅰ.单项选择。
( )1.(2015石家庄40中模拟)The sheep has
________ three little sheep by now.
A．lied B．laid C．lay D．lain
( )2.(2015石家庄28中模拟)Collecting stamps ________ the least time in all my hobbies.
A．takes up B．takes out
C．puts up D．sets up
( )3.(2015沧州8中模拟)It's April Fools' Day.Let's play a joke ________ Danny.
A．with B．at C．on D．from
( )4.(2015保定8中模拟)Parents often warn their children ________ with fire.
A．not to play B．not play
C．to play D．not to playing
( )5.(2015张家口9中模拟)The rights of the people are protected ________ law.
A．from B．against
C．by D．in
( )6.The farmer covered all kinds of vegetables with plastic wrap to ________ them from the cold.
A．prevent B．take
C．protect D．stop
( )7.(2015石家庄43中模拟)By reading the article，we know ________ in our daily life.
A．how will we protect the earth
B．how to reduce pollution
C．when should we save water
D．when to waste things
( )8.(2016中考预测)—Are you going to Brazil to watch 2016 Olympic Games
—I'm not sure.It ________ time.
A．depends on B．cares about
C．agrees to D．finds out
( )9.(2016中考预测)—Is there ________ beef in the fridge
—No，there isn't.There is ________ pork.
A．some；any B．any；any
C．some；some D．any；some
( )10.(2016中考预测)The man braked(刹车) his car just in time to ________ an accident.
A．avoid B．stop C．make D．watch
Ⅱ.(2016原创)完形填空。
The day was Thankful Thursday.It's a weekly tradition that my two little girls and I began years ago.Thursday has become __1__ day to go out and make a positive contribution(贡献)．
As we drove along a busy road and __2__ what we could do，it was almost noon.My girls were __3__，and they shouted，“McDonald's，McDonald's.”Suddenly I realized that there was a beggar(乞讨者) at almost __4__ crossing I passed through.And then I had an idea! All these beggars must be hungry，too.Perfect!
After we ate，I __5__ 15 lunches and we began to deliver(递送) them.We would tell each beggar that things could get better.We handed our final __6__ to a woman.She took the lunch and said，“No one has ever done something like this for me before.Thank you！”
I said，“You must be hungry.Why not eat your lunch？”
She looked at me __7__ her big brown eyes and said，“I'm not going to eat it.”
I was confused(困惑的)，but before I could say anything，she __8__，“You see，I have a little girl and she just loves McDonald's，but I don't have the __9__．Now you know that…tonight she is going to have McDonald's！”
I used to question whether our acts of kindness were too __10__．But at that moment，I remembered Mother Teresa's words：“We cannot do great things only small things with great love.”
( )1.A.her B．his C．our D．their
( )2.A.realized B．enjoyed
C．forgot D．considered
( )3.A.hungry B．angry C．tired D．worried
( )4.A.either B．every C．both D．all
( )5.A.made B．sold C．ordered D．collected
( )6.A.idea B．lunch C．book D．clothes
( )7.A.of B．at C．for D with
( )8.A.stopped B．agreed
C．continued D．shouted
( )9.A.time B．money C．interest D．hope
( )10.A.small B．big C．early D．late
Ⅲ.(2015德州中考)阅读理解。
( )1.If you want to book a ticket，you can NOT ________．
A．use the Internet
B．go to the Box Office on Sundays
C．ring and pay by credit card
D．post the booking form to the Box Office
( )2.If you make a group booking for 14 persons，how much should you pay
A．$ 120. B．$126.
C．$ 140. D．$150.
( )3.On average(平均)，which kind of tickets is the cheapest
A．Saver. B．Supersaver.
C．Group bookings. D．School.
( )4.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．There are no spaces for wheelchairs.
B．The audience(观众) can never exchange tickets.
C．A group of 12 can get 10% discount.
D．A school group of 15 should pay $ 90 for the tickets.
( )5.The passage is ________．
A．booking notes of Furious 7
B．a review of Furious 7
C．a survey of Furious 7
D．news about Furious 7
Ⅳ.(2016原创)任务型阅读。
As we all know，many people like to eat fast food.We can notice that many people，especially the youth and kids，like fast food.Most of them even declare fast food is more tasteful than Chinese food.So fast food restaurants become popular.Fast food restaurants are popular because they sell food that tastes good but doesn't cost a lot of money.Fast food means food that can be prepared quickly.Fast food restaurants usually have a window where you can buy your food.If you are busy，you can eat fast food to save time.
Is fast food bad for our health？Is some fast food healthier than others？Fast food is usually cheap because it's often made with cheaper ingredients instead of nutritious(营养丰富的) food，such as lean(瘦肉) meat，fruits and vegetables.Eating more fast food can make you fat.So__doctors__tell__us__eating__more__fast__food__is__bad__for__our__health.And doctors also tell us not to eat fast food more than once a week.
1题完成句子；2～3题简略回答问题；4题找出并写下第一段的主题句；5题将文中画线句子译成汉语。
1．Most of them even declare fast food is more ________ than Chinese food.
2．Why is fast food usually cheap
________________________________________________________________________
3．How many time can people eat fast food a week
________________________________________________________________________
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4．________________________________________________________________________
5．________________________________________________________________________
Ⅴ.(2016原创)词语运用。
Helen Keller was a very bright and beautiful girl.At the (1)________ of six months，she could already say a few words.But before she was two years old，she was (2)________(hit) by serious illness.She could not see or hear，and soon she could not talk.When she was six，her parents (3)________(invite) a teacher for her.With the help of the teacher，she began to “see” and “hear” the world around her through her (4)________(hand)．She learned to read books for the blind people.She also learned to swim and ride a horse.After she grew up，she became a famous writer in America.Her first and (5)________ (many) famous book is The Story Of My Life.Her story has brought hope to many blind and deaf people.It encouraged them to live and work.
Ⅵ.(2016原创)连词成句。
1．do，look，how，it，you，after
________________________________________________________________________
2．use，birds，wings，to，can，their，fly
________________________________________________________________________.
3．heard，on，radio，we，it，the，about
________________________________________________________________________.
4．know，about，you，what，them，do
________________________________________________________________________
5．will，his，mind，he，change，never
________________________________________________________________________.
Ⅶ.(2015眉山中考)书面表达。
亲爱的同学，你生活中有烦恼，学习有压力吗？那我们应该如何正确面对烦恼，有效缓解心理压力呢？请根据提示以“How to Solve Our Stress”为题写一篇80词左右的短文，开头已给出，不计入字数；语言表述准确规范，语句通顺连贯；提示内容必须用完。
提示：1.积极参加体育锻炼，有一个健康的身体；
2．多与老师、家长和朋友交谈，说出自己的烦恼；
3．多听听音乐，多看看书；
4．尽自己最大努力学习，勇敢面对自己的成绩；
5．如果经常压力太大，可以去看看医生。
How to Solve Our Stress
We all have some problems and stress in our lives.How should we solve them
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中考热点拓展
网络安全
据报道我国的网络经常受到黑客的攻击。如何采取有效的措施来保护我国的网络安全及个人隐私和财产安全已经迫在眉睫。请根据以下内容写一篇短文。
提示：
1．We should pay attention to our personal infor
mation；
2．Scientists are studying about how to protect our national cyber security.
要求：
1．所写短文需包括要求中的所有信息；
2．所给的参考词汇供选用，可适当发挥；
3．词数：60～80。
参考词汇：privacy(个人隐私)，secure(安全的)，antivirus software(杀毒软件)，install(安装)，cyber security(网络安全)
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