牛津版（深圳·广州）初中英语七年级下册第五单元检测卷
1．（牛津版（深圳·广州）初中英语七年级下册第五单元检测卷）My sister dropped from the tall tree.
A．watched B．pushed C．disappeared D．fell
2．（牛津版（深圳·广州）初中英语七年级下册第五单元检测卷）We spent part of the time in the library.
A．all B．some of C．most of D．any of
3．（牛津版（深圳·广州）初中英语七年级下册第五单元检测卷）Now I can walk to work instead of going by car.
A．in place of B．in fact
C．in a way D．in the centre of
4．（牛津版（深圳·广州）初中英语七年级下册第五单元检测卷）Don't forget to return my book to me tomorrow.
A．look up B．learn about C．give back D．look for
5．（牛津版（深圳·广州）初中英语七年级下册第五单元检测卷）The factory produced the dress in large quantities.
A．lengths B．sizes C．heights D．numbers
6．（牛津版（深圳·广州）初中英语七年级下册第五单元检测卷）The meat will stay _________for several days if you put it in the fridge.
A．fresh B．active C．natural D．common
7．（牛津版（深圳·广州）初中英语七年级下册第五单元检测卷）—Daisy, don't leave the tap_________.
—Sorry, Mum. I'll _________it off at once.
A．on; turn B．off; take C．in; turn D．out; take
8．（牛津版（深圳·广州）初中英语七年级下册第五单元检测卷）When she got into the room, she heard a sweet_________, "How are you, little girl "
A．sound B．noise C．voice D．talk
9．（牛津版（深圳·广州）初中英语七年级下册第五单元检测卷）According to a survey, four out of five women do housework at home, but only _________of men would do it.
A．four fifth B．four fifths C．two fifth D．two fifths
10．（牛津版（深圳·广州）初中英语七年级下册第五单元检测卷）—There are_________ new books in our school library.
—Really Let's go to have a look. Remember_________ your phone. It's not allowed there.
A．many; to take B．no; to take
C．many; not to take D．no; not to take
11．（2018·乐山）—Julia, your mobile phone is ringing.
—Wait a minute. It's dangerous ______ it while crossing the street.
A．answering B．answer C．to answer
12．（2018·包头）—Do you understand what he said just now
—________.
A．One by one B．More or less
C．From time to time D．Here and there
13．（牛津版（深圳·广州）初中英语七年级下册第五单元检测卷）He can see the garden _________the window.
A．in B．on C．through D．for
14．（牛津版（深圳·广州）初中英语七年级下册第五单元检测卷）—Tina, it's time_________ to bed.
—OK, Murn Please_________ me up earlier tomorrow morning.
A．to go; wake B．going; wake C．to go; waking D．going; waking
15．（牛津版（深圳·广州）初中英语七年级下册第五单元检测卷）—Excuse me, could you tell me_________
—Certainly.
A．when can I get to the station B．how can I get to the station
C．how to get to the station D．which station can I get to
16．（牛津版（深圳·广州）初中英语七年级下册第五单元检测卷）语法选择
Water is the （1） of
all the things we eat and drink. Not many people understand this but （2） quite
true. The human body （3） go without food for a long time. We've
got many examples for this. Yet two （4） three days without water
can usually make people （5） . Man can't live （6） water.
Many people don't understand how （7） water
the human body needs （8） work well, and many people, especially
young people, do not drink enough, （9） in very hot weather. Our
body is mostly water, about 65% to 75%. That is to say about two thirds of our
body is water. When we do sports, some of the water will get away from our
body. （10） we don't drink some water, we won't have
enough water. If we don't have enough water, we'll feel tired and many of us
will get ill. So you know how important water is to us.
（1）A．important B．most important C．more important D．different
（2）A．it's B．its C．it D．is
（3）A．can B．could C．must D．should
（4）A．so B．and C．but D．or
（5）A．to die B．die C．to died D．died
（6）A．have B．with C．without D．in
（7）A．many B．much C．little D．few
（8）A．and B．the C．/ D．to
（9）A．even B．ever C．almost D．hardly
（10）A．If B．For C．Since D．Because
17．（牛津版（深圳·广州）初中英语七年级下册第五单元检测卷）阅读理解
Many years ago, most of our earth was
covered with blocks (块) of ice. These ice
blocks were as tall as high buildings in modern cities. Most of the ice was in
the northern part of the world. Then the ice blocks started to move south. Cold
and rain came with the ice. Animals had to move. At last, the ice began to melt
(融化). After half a million years, most of it melted.
More than half of the earth became covered with water. The climate
became much warmer. Things began to grow. The earth began to look the way in
which it looks today.
（1）Many years ago, our earth was very___________.
A．warm B．hot C．dry D．cold
（2）What did animals try to do when the ice blocks moved south
A．They tried to stop them moving. B．They tried to melt them.
C．They tried to move. D．They tried to stay ahead of them.
（3）The melting ice may help to form __________.
A．mountains and valleys B．the sun, the moon and the earth
C．cities and countries D．seas, lakes and rivers
（4）The underlined word "climate" means "__________".
A．the freezing ice B．the general weather conditions
C．the moving of the ice blocks D．a plant or an animal
（5）Which of these things might happen because the Ice Age ended
a. Forests grew. b. Food became harder to find.
c. Fishing became easier. d. The temperature dropped.
A．ab B．bd C．cd D．ac
18．（牛津版（深圳·广州）初中英语七年级下册第五单元检测卷）阅读理解
Here I want to tell you some information
about water.
Water covers most of our planet. People can
find it in oceans, lakes and rivers, and under the ground. Water moves in the
environment by evaporation, condensation, and precipitation. The warm Sun helps
water change into vapour and rise up into the sky. It is evaporation. The
vapour in the air forms clouds in the sky. It is condensation. When the clouds
get heavy enough, the water falls back to the ground as rain or snow. This is
precipitation.
Ocean water has too much salt in it. Much
of the water travels far over the land. When it travels over the land, the
water picks up salt from the rocks and soil. About 97.5% of the Earth's water
is salty water. It is expensive to take salt out of the water.
All people need clean water. They need it
for drinking, for cooking, and for bathing. Some people in a village in South
America did not have clean water. Their water was full of oil and dirty things.
People there got sick when they drank the water. Other people heard about the
problem. They sent empty water tanks (储水池) to
the village. Rainwater fell into the tanks. Now the people in that village have
the clean water.
（1）What helps water change into vapour
A．The Sun. B．The Earth. C．The Moon. D．The stars.
（2）Why can't we drink the ocean water
A．Because it is salty.
B．Because we don't have much ocean water.
C．Because it is far away from us.
D．Because it is valuable.
（3）What was the problem of the people in the village in South America
A．It never rains in their village.
B．Their drinking water was too dirty and not safe.
C．They didn't know how to use rain water.
D．They were too poor to buy water.
（4）The writer wrote the last paragraph mainly to tell us___________.
A．many people in the world are poor B．clean water is important to people
C．we should help poor people D．we should save rainwater
（5）Where may the writer get the information
A．In a travel guide. B．In a cookbook.
C．In a storybook. D．On the Internet.
（牛津版（深圳·广州）初中英语七年级下册第五单元检测卷）阅读理解
Imagine you are taking a walk on thebeautiful beach. Just then, your feet step over something and you hear a crack(噼啪声) —an emptyplastic bottle. Things like this are happening more often because of searubbish.
Studies show that 80% of all the waste isfrom the land. The waste is mainly plastics (塑料制品)which are really hard to degrade (降解). So the rubbishwill remain there for a long time. Some of the pollution is causedaccidentally. For example, about 10,000 product-filled boxes are lost at seaevery year from business ships. Sometimes people just throw things into thewater from boats or land. Many large rubbish areas are formed in the NorthPacific Ocean.
Thankfully, the situation isn't ignored (忽视). Groups like the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)are taking action to help clean the sea. Since 2006,76 projects have clearedout 3,814 metric tons (公吨) of rubbish from the sea.Methods of rubbish cleaning include using machines to remove (移除) the waste away from the surface of sea water. Besides, specialnets are set by the mouths of rivers to stop the rubbish before it reaches thesea. If everyone does his part, sea rubbish seems like a problem that can besolved.
19．The sea waste made of __________will remain for a long time.
A．paper B．wood C．plastic D．cotton
20．In the second paragraph we can know __________are also some of the sea rubbish.
A．special cleaning nets B．large factory machines
C．passing business boats D．lost product-filled boxes
21．In order to __________, some projects are done by different groups.
A．stop people from fishing B．fight against the sea pollution
C．develop trade in the seafood D．produce new kinds of plastics
22．In order to __________, special nets are set by the mouths of rivers.
A．prevent the rubbish reaching the sea
B．clean the surface of the dirty sea water
C．build more sea rubbish collecting areas
D．make people care about the environment
23．According to the passage, we can imagine the future of the sea will be__________.
A．terrible B．dark C．quiet D．hopeful
24．（牛津版（深圳·广州）初中英语七年级下册第五单元检测卷）A d of water is
talking with a little girl. The water asks the girl to save water.
25．（牛津版（深圳·广州）初中英语七年级下册第五单元检测卷）People used to add a lot
of s to food to keep it fora longer time.
26．（牛津版（深圳·广州）初中英语七年级下册第五单元检测卷）My brother is doing an
e . He wants to know how electricity works.
27．（牛津版（深圳·广州）初中英语七年级下册第五单元检测卷）My aunt decided to
c to work after she had a baby.
28．（牛津版（深圳·广州）初中英语七年级下册第五单元检测卷）Did you have a good
j during the summer holiday
29．（牛津版（深圳·广州）初中英语七年级下册第五单元检测卷）哇，你的书是我的两倍那么多!
Wow, you have books I have!
30．（牛津版（深圳·广州）初中英语七年级下册第五单元检测卷）这个工厂里有多少工人
workers
are there in this factory
31．（牛津版（深圳·广州）初中英语七年级下册第五单元检测卷）这个俱乐部由30名学生和5名老师组成的。
This club is 30 students and 5 teachers.
32．（牛津版（深圳·广州）初中英语七年级下册第五单元检测卷）记得出门时带一些零花钱。
Remember to take
some with you when you go out.
33．（牛津版（深圳·广州）初中英语七年级下册第五单元检测卷）我们村里的小河去年就干涸了。
The small river in our village last year.
34．（牛津版（深圳·广州）初中英语七年级下册第五单元检测卷）用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空
a day or two according to be not enough think of
travel around the city
Imagine one day, the water taps in your house stop running. You have to
buy water from shops. And still there water for everyone. Your
mother has to save the family's shower water to do other things. Would you be
able to stand that kind of life
Probably not. But that's what kids in Yemen are experiencing. Experts
said Yemen is going to be the first country in the world to run out of water.
a report, the capital, Sana'a, will run out of drinking water as
early as 2025.
Because
of the shortage, the government often cuts the water supply. Hannan, an
18-year-old girl from Lahej, told the Times: "In a good week we'll have
the water supply all week. But then the following week there will be water only
for ."
Hannan said only rich people have enough water to use. They can buy
water from the shops or from the water trucks. Private companies own the
trucks. They every day to sell water—at very high prices. "A
lot of people can't afford it," she said.
The
government is making use of seawater. But it will cost a lot and it
may not happen soon enough to help the people of Yemen.
35．（牛津版（深圳·广州）初中英语七年级下册第五单元检测卷）阅读短文及文后A～E选项，选出可以填入各题空白处的最佳选项。
We
live on the earth. We use the sea around us. What do we take from the ocean
And what do we give to it
We
take fishes from the ocean—millions of kilograms of fish, every year, to feed
millions of people. We take minerals (矿物) from
the ocean. We can get salt by evaporating (蒸发) seawater.
such as gold. Seaweed (海草) becomes
food of many kinds—even candy and ice cream—as well as medicine. Believe it or
not, fresh water is another gift from the sea. We can't drink ocean water.
But ocean water becomes fresh water when the salts are removed. In
the future, we will find ourselves depending more and more on fresh water from
the sea.
The
sea gives us food, fertilizer, minerals, water and other gifts. What do we give
the sea We pollute the ocean all the time. Throwing waste into the
ocean is killing off sea life. Yet as the world population grows, we may need
the sea and its gifts more than ever.
We
are finally learning that if we destroy our sea, we might also destroy
ourselves. Hopefully, it is not too late.
A. Other gifts, such as
seaweed, can be also got from the sea. B. Huge as it is, the ocean
can't hold all that we pour into it. C. Along with salt, other
minerals are left after evaporation. D. We even use their bones
(骨头) for fertilizer (肥料). E. Some of its contents (所含物) may cause illness.
36．（牛津版（深圳·广州）初中英语七年级下册第五单元检测卷）假如你是刘宏，你的学校每年都在世界水日（World Water Day）开展丰富多彩的活动，宣传节约用水。你的美国笔友Jim所在的学校也要开展类似活动。请你写信向他介绍你们的活动情况（活动内容见下表）。
活动时间 3月22日
参加人员 全校师生
活动形式 表演话剧、演讲比赛、制作海报等
活动目的 告诉人们水的重要性、浪费水的危害、节约用水的方法……
活动感想 ……
参考词汇：take part in, put on short plays, speech competition, make posters, helpful, save, waste
Dear Jim,
Nice hearing from you. Let me tell you what we often do on World Water Day in our school.
Yours,
Liu Hong
答案解析部分
1．【答案】D
【知识点】词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：我妹妹从高高的树上掉了下来。drop掉落；watch看；push推；disappear消失；fall落下。根据from the tall tree.可知，此处表示掉下来。故选D。
【点评】考查词义辨析。注意弄清句意，识记drop和fall是同义词。
2．【答案】B
【知识点】词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：我们在图书馆度过了部分时光。part of部分；all所有；some of一些；most of大部分；any of......中任何一个。根据句意，部分时光与一些时光相近。故选B。
【点评】考查词义辨析。注意识记part of=some of。
3．【答案】A
【知识点】词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：如今我能走路去上班而不是开车。instead of代替，而不是；in place of代替；in fact事实上；in a way在某种程度上；in the centre of在......的中心。根据句意，此处表示走路代替开车。故选A。
【点评】考查词义辨析。注意识记instead of=in place of。
4．【答案】C
【知识点】词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：不要忘记明天把我的书还给我。return归还；look up查阅；learn about学习；give back交还；look for寻找。根据句意，此处表示归还我的书。故选C。
【点评】考查词义辨析。注意识记return与give back是同义词。
5．【答案】D
【知识点】词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：这家工厂大量生产这件连衣裙。quantity数量；length长度；size尺寸；height高度；number数字。根据句意，此处表示大量的连衣裙。故选D。
【点评】考查词义辨析。注意识记quantity和number是同义词。
6．【答案】A
【知识点】形容词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：如果你将它放入冰箱，这个肉将会保持好些天的新鲜。fresh新鲜的；active活跃的；natural自然的；common普通的。 根据句意，本句为if引导的条件状语从句，结合主从句逻辑关系，肉放入冰箱应为保持新鲜。故选A。
【点评】考查形容词辨析。首先弄清句意和各选项词义，然后根据主从句逻辑关系，识记stay fresh保持新鲜，最后选择正确答案。
7．【答案】A
【知识点】固定搭配；形容词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：——黛西，不要让水龙头开着。——抱歉，妈妈。我第一时间关上了。on开着的；off取消；in在......内；out从......里面出去；turn off关掉；take off起飞。根据句意，leave sth. on保持开着的状态，此处on为形容词。结合句意，表示关掉水龙头，turn off关掉，为固定搭配。故选A。
【点评】考查形容词辨析和固定搭配。注意on和off的区别以及识记固定搭配turn off。
8．【答案】C
【知识点】名词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：当她进入房间时，她听到了一个甜甜的声音，“你好吗，小姑娘？”sound声音（指代响声，来自大自然的任何声音）；noise噪音；voice声音（指人的声音，说话、唱歌）；talk说话。根据How are you，little girl，可知此处表示人的声音。故选C。
【点评】考查名词辨析。注意识记sound，voice，noise，talk的区别。
9．【答案】D
【知识点】表示分数
【解析】【分析】句意：一项调查显示，五分之四的女性做家务，但只有五分之二的男性愿意做家务。根据句意，four out of five五分之四，为固定搭配，结合句意可知，此处也为分数表达法，分子使用基数词，分母使用序数词，如分子大于1，分母我为复数形式，排除A，C项；根据only可知，做家务的男人比女人少，因此只有五分之二two fifths的男生愿意做家务。故选D。
【点评】考查分数表达法。注意识记分数的表达方式。
10．【答案】C
【知识点】形容词原级；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：——在我们学校的图书馆有许多新书。——真的吗？让我们去看一看。记住不要带上你的手机。那里是不被允许的。many许多；no没有。根据后句Let's go to have a look.可知第一个空表示有许多新书。排除B，D项；根据It's not allowed there.可知此处表示不要带手机。故选C。
【点评】考查形容词和固定搭配。注意识记many后接可数名词复数以及remember to do的固定搭配，答题时注意上下文逻辑关系。
11．【答案】C
【知识点】动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：—朱丽亚，你的手机响了。—等一下。过马路时接电话是危险的。It + be + adj. for (of) sb to do sth 某人做某事……，是固定句式，it是形式主语，不定式结构做真正主语。故选C。
【点评】考查动词不定式做主语的句式。熟记此句式，并能熟练运用。
12．【答案】B
【知识点】情景交际
【解析】【分析】句意：——你理解他刚刚说的吗？——差不多吧。A一个接一个，B或多或少，C时不时，D到处。根据 Do you understand what he said just now 你理解他刚刚说的吗？可知，应该回答理解的程度。故选B。
【点评】考查情景交际。注意理解句选项意思，理解句意。
13．【答案】C
【知识点】介词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：他能透过窗户看见这个花园。in在......里面；on在......上面；through穿过；for给。根据the window可知，此处表示透过窗户看花园。故选C。
【点评】考查介词辨析。注意识记through透过，穿过。
14．【答案】A
【知识点】表示肯定的祈使句；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：——蒂娜，是时候去睡觉了。——好的，妈妈请明天早上早些叫醒我。根据句意，it's time to do sth.表示是时候去做某事，为固定搭配，因此第一个空为to go，排除B，D项；根据Please可知，后句为祈使句，应使用动词原形。故选A。
【点评】考查固定句式和祈使句。弄清句意，识记it's time to do sth.表示是时候去做某事，以及Please引导的祈使句，后接动词原形。
15．【答案】C
【知识点】宾语从句的陈述语序；动词不定式
【解析】【分析】——打扰一下，你能告诉我如何去车站吗？——当然。分析句子结构可知，本句为特殊疑问句，与不定式how to do构成宾语从句，根据答句Certainly可知，此处表示如何去车站。故选C。
【点评】考查宾语从句。识记宾语从句在一定条件下，可以简化为“特殊疑问词+不定式”。
16．【答案】（1）B；（2）A；（3）A；（4）D；（5）B；（6）C；（7）B；（8）D；（9）A；（10）A
【知识点】语法选择；医疗保健类；说明文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文介绍了水对人类生存的重要性，以及喝水少的弊端，应重视每天摄入足够的水，让身体更好。
（1）句意：水是我们吃的和喝的所有东西中最重要的。important重要的；most important最重要的；more important更重要的；different不同的。根据定冠词the和比较范围all the things可知，此处应使用形容词的最高级形式。故选B。
（2）句意：不是很多人理解这一点，但这是千真万确的。 it's它是；its它的；it它；is是。分析句子结构，本空缺少主语和谓语成分，结合句意。故选A。
（3）句意：人的身体可以在很长一段时间内不吃东西。can能，能够；could可能；must必须；should应该。根据句意，人的身体能够活下去。故选A。
（4）句意：然而两三天不喝水通常会使人死亡。so因此；and和；but但是；or或者。根据本空前后two和three days，可知此处表示两三天，two or three days两三天，为固定短语。故选D。
（5）句意：然而两三天不喝水通常会使人死亡。to die死亡（动词不定式）；die死亡（动词原形）；to died死亡；died死亡（动词过去式或过去分词）。根据句意和选项内容可知，此处人和死亡有被动关系，因此使用make sb. done的形式。故选B。
（6）句意：人们不能离开水而生存。have有；with带着；without不带；in在......。根据句意，此处表示没有水，人类不能活。因此使用without。故选C。
（7）句意：很多人不知道人体需要多少水才能正常工作。many许多（后接可数名词复数）；much许多（后接不可能数名词）；little少许（后接不可数名词）；few少许（后接可数名词复数）。根据所修饰的名词water，为不可数名词，结合常识，应为许多水。故选B。
（8）句意：很多人不知道人体需要多少水才能正常工作。and并且；the这个；to去......。根据句意，此处表目的，为了身体能正常工作，因此使用动词不定式to do的形式。故选D。
（9）句意：特别是年轻人，不喝足够的水，甚至在非常炎热的天气。even甚至；ever曾经；almost几乎；hardly几乎不。根据句意，in very hot weather，在句意上有递进，因此使用even。故选A。
（10）句意：如果我们不喝一些水，我们将没有足够的水。If如果；For为了......；Since自从；Because因为。分析句子结构，本句为条件状语从句，表示假设，因此使用if来引导。故选A。
【点评】考查语法选择。首先通读全文，弄清大意，然后分析设空处所在句子的结构，注意形容词最高级、情态动词、动词不定式、介词、固定搭配等因素，选择正确答案，最后再次通读全文，核查疏漏。
17．【答案】（1）D
（2）C
（3）D
（4）B
（5）D
【知识点】自然地理类；说明文；细节理解
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文讲述了许多年前地球被冰块覆盖，动物不得不因此迁徙，随着冰块融化成水，万物开始生长，变成了如今的地球。
（1）细节理解题。根据Many years ago, most of our earth was covered with blocks (块) of ice.许多年前，我们地球的大部分被冰块覆盖着。可知当时的地球非常冷。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据Animals had to move.动物们不得不搬家。可知当冰块向南移动时，动物们试图搬家。故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据More than half of the earth became covered with water.地球的一半以上被水覆盖着。可知熔化的冰变成了水，可推知会形成海洋、湖泊和河流。故选D。
（4）词义猜测题。根据became much warmer变得更热了，可知climate与天气、气候有关系。故选B。
（5）推理判断题。a. Forests grew.森林增长；b. Food became harder to find.食物越来越难找；c. Fishing became easier.钓鱼变得更容易；d. The temperature dropped.温度下降了。根据Things began to grow.万物开始生长，可知森林可能也增长了，a会发生；根据More than half of the earth became covered with water.可知水变多了，因此钓鱼变得更容易，c会发生。故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解。首先弄清全文大意，然后分析提干，细节理解题可从文章相应句子找出答案，词义猜测题可结合上下句关系，以及相近词句进行猜测；推理判断题可找出文章中的重要信息，结合常识进行推断。
18．【答案】（1）A
（2）A
（3）B
（4）B
（5）D
【知识点】环保类；说明文；细节理解
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文介绍了一些关于水资源的信息，讲解了水形成的过程，海水很咸，以及水对于人类生存的重要性。
（1）细节理解题。根据第二段中The warm Sun helps water change into vapour and rise up into the sky.温暖的太阳帮助水变成蒸汽上升到天空中。可知太阳蒸发水为水蒸气。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段中Ocean water has too much salt in it.海水中有太多的盐，可知海水很咸，不能喝。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据第四段中Some people in a village in South America did not have clean water. Their water was full of oil and dirty things.在南美洲的一个村庄里，有些人没有干净的水。他们的水里装满了油和脏东西。可知他们的饮用水非常脏且不安全。故选B。
（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段中All people need clean water. They need it for drinking, for cooking, and for bathing.所有人都需要干净的水。他们需要它来饮水、做饭和洗澡。结合句意，作者想告诉我们干净的水的重要性。故选B。
（5）文章出处题。A.In a travel guide在旅行指南；B.In a cookbook在食谱；C.In a storybook在故事书；D.On the Internet在网上。统观全文，本文讲述了水的重要性，以及关于水资源的一些信息。因此从网上获取更合理。故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解。首先弄清全文大意，然后分析题干，细节理解题可从文章相应段落找出答案；推理判断题可分析上下句逻辑关系，找出重要信息进行推断；文章出处题可总结文章核心思想，并结合排除法，排除不恰当的选项。
【答案】19．C
20．D
21．B
22．A
23．D
【知识点】环保类；说明文；细节理解
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文介绍了海洋污染的来源，以及多年来致力于解决海洋污染问题的组织，不断努力改善海洋环境。
【点评】考查阅读理解。首先弄清全文大意，然后分析题干，细节理解题可从原文相应段落找出答案；推理判断题可分析全文内容，总结中心思想，并整理归纳，选出正确答案。
19．细节理解题。根据第二段中The waste is mainly plastics which are really hard to degrade.这些垃圾主要是很难降解的塑料。造成海洋污染的主要原因是塑料。故选C。
20．细节理解题。根据第二段中For example, about 10,000 product-filled boxes are lost at sea every year from business ships. 例如，每年有大约1万个装满产品的箱子从商船上丢弃在海上。可知丢弃的产品箱子也是海洋污染的一类。故选D。
21．细节理解题。根据第三段中taking action to help clean the sea.采取措施去帮助清理海洋。可知此处表示不同的组织为了战胜海洋污染而采取行动。故选B。
22．细节理解题。根据第三段中Besides, special nets are set by the mouths of rivers to stop the rubbish before it reaches the sea.此外，河口还设置了特殊的网来阻止垃圾流入大海。可知特殊网的建立是为了阻止垃圾流入大海。故选A。
23．推理判断题。统观全文，本文讲述了海洋垃圾的危害，并介绍了许多组织在帮助清理海洋污染，努力解决垃圾问题。可推知，未来的海洋将会非常有希望。故选D。
24．【答案】drop
【知识点】固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：一滴水正在和一个小姑娘说话。水叫这个姑娘要节约用水。根据不定冠词a与of可知，此处表示水的数量，不可数名词应使用量词修饰，a drop of water一滴水，为固定搭配。故填drop。
【点评】考查固定搭配。注意识记a drop of water的词义和用法。
25．【答案】salt
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：人们过去常常往食物里加很多盐以使它保存更长的时间。根据句意和常识，使食物保存时间更长应加盐，用salt，不可数名词。故填salt。
【点评】考查不可数名词。注意识记加盐可以将食物保存更长时间，以及salt为不可数名词。
26．【答案】experiment
【知识点】可数名词；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：我的哥哥正在做一个实验。他想要去知道电是如何工作的。根据how electricity works以及结合首字母提示和不定冠词an可知，本空表示做实验，do an experiment，固定搭配。故填experiment。
【点评】考查名词拼写。注意识记do an experiment做实验，为固定搭配。
27．【答案】continue
【知识点】动词原形；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：我的姑姑决定在她有了一个宝宝之后继续去工作。根据前后句逻辑关系，此处表示继续去工作，继续，continue，结合decide to do决定去做某事，为固定搭配，因此使用动词原形。故填continue。
【点评】考查动词拼写和固定搭配。注意识记固定搭配decide to do的用法。
28．【答案】journey
【知识点】固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：在暑假期间你旅行愉快吗？根据summer holiday以及首字母j的提示可知，此处表示旅行愉快，have a good journey旅行愉快，为固定搭配。故填journey。
【点评】考查固定搭配。注意识记固定搭配have a good journey。
29．【答案】twice；as；many；as
【知识点】汉译英；“倍数+ as +形容词原级+ as…”表示倍数
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知此句缺少成分“两倍”，“那么多”。两倍twice，根据句意，此处为比较级形式，倍数的比较级表达为，倍数+as+many/much+名词+as，books为名词复数，应使用many修饰。故填twice；as；many；as。
【点评】考查汉译英。注意识记倍数+as+many/much+名词+as的用法。
30．【答案】How；many
【知识点】汉译英；特殊疑问句
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知此句缺少成分“多少”。本句为疑问句，根据中文句意，提问多少，结合workers为复数名词，应使用how many，句首字母大写。故填How；many。
【点评】考查汉译英。注意识记提问多少，使用how many或how much。
31．【答案】made；up；of
【知识点】汉译英；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知此句缺少成分“组成”。根据句意，构成，由……组成，make up of，固定搭配。分析句子结构，this club与make存在被动关系，因此本句为被动语态，使用be+done的形式。故填made；up；of。
【点评】考查汉译英。注意识记固定搭配make up of以及句中的主被动关系。
32．【答案】pocket；money
【知识点】汉译英；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知此句缺少成分“零花钱”。零花钱，pocket money，为固定短语，money为不可数名词，因此名词不做变化。故填pocket；money。
【点评】考查汉译英。注意识记pocket money零花钱，为固定短语。
33．【答案】dried；up
【知识点】汉译英；固定搭配；一般过去时
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知此句缺少成分“干涸了”。干涸，dry up，为固定短语，根据last year可知，本句为一般过去时，动词应使用过去时，dry的过去式为dried。故填dried；up。
【点评】考查汉译英。注意识记固定搭配dry up以及一般过去时，动词应使用过去式。
34．【答案】isn't enough；According to；a day or two；travel around the city；thinking of
【知识点】选词填空；人文地理类；说明文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文讲述了也门缺水的现状，导致人民在生活中经常被断水，无法正常生活，并表示也门政府正在考虑利用海水，但是短时间内不会改变现状。
选项意思：a day or two一天或两天；according to根据；be not enough不够；think of考虑；travel around the city环游城市。
（1）句意：而且仍然没有足够的水给每个人。根据前句You have to buy water from shops.你不得不去商店买水可知，此处表示水不够，结合本句为there be句型，时态为一般现在时，因此使用be动词的否定形式，isn't。故填isn't enough。
（2）句意：根据报道，首都萨那的饮用水将在2025年耗尽。根据a report和本句句意，可知此处表示根据报道，句首的单词首字母应大写。故填According to。
（3）句意：但接下来的一周，只会有一两天的水。根据But可知，此处表示转折，表示水只足够一两天饮用。故填a day or two。
（4）句意：他们每天在城市各处以非常高的价格出售水。根据water trucks水车，可知他们把水卖给城市的有钱人，因此要环游城市各处。故填travel around the city。
（5）句意：政府正在考虑利用海水。根据句意，此处表示正在考虑利用海水。结合be动词is，以及本句句意，表示正在做的事情，为现在进行时，使用be+doing的形式。故填thinking of。
【点评】考查选词填空。首先弄清全文大意和各选项词意，然后分析上下句逻辑关系，注意时态，句首字母大写，否定句等因素，填写正确答案。
35．【答案】D；C；A；E；B
【知识点】任务型阅读；环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文介绍了海洋是生命之源，人们可以从海洋中得到很多东西，但是人们的日常生活却在不断地污染海洋，并警示我们不要去破坏海洋。
A. Other gifts, such as seaweed, can be also got from the sea.其他礼物，如海藻，也可以从海里得到。
B. Huge as it is, the ocean can't hold all that we pour into it.尽管海洋很大，但它容纳不了我们倾注进去的所有东西。
C. Along with salt, other minerals are left after evaporation.和盐一样，其他矿物质在蒸发后也会留下来。
D. We even use their bones (骨头) for fertilizer (肥料).我们甚至用它们的骨头当肥料。
E. Some of its contents (所含物) may cause illness.它的一些内容可能会导致疾病。
（1）根据前句millions of kilograms of fish, every year, to feed millions of people.每年数百万公斤的鱼，养活了数百万人。可知后句的内容也跟鱼有关，此处表示利用他们的骨头做肥料。故选D。
（2）根据前句We can get salt by evaporating (蒸发) seawater.我们可以通过蒸发海水得到盐。可知后句的内容与盐有关。故选C。
（3）根据后句Seaweed (海草) becomes food of many kinds—even candy and ice cream—as well as medicine.海藻可以成为许多种类的食物——甚至是糖果和冰淇淋——以及药物。可知前句的内容与海藻有关。故选A。
（4）根据前句We can't drink ocean water.我们不能喝海水。可知后句的内容要引申不能喝的原因。故选E。
（5）根据前句We pollute the ocean all the time.我们一直在污染海洋，以及后句Throwing waste into the ocean is killing off sea life.向海洋中倾倒废物正在杀死海洋生物。可知此处表示海洋不能容纳我们扔的废物。故选B。
【点评】考查任务型阅读。首先弄清全文大意，然后分析设空处前后句逻辑关系，总结其主要描述的对象，选择正确答案，最后再次通读全文，核查疏漏。
36．【答案】Dear Jim,
Nice hearing from you. Let me tell you what we often do on World Water Day in our school. On March 22nd all the teachers and students of the school take part in different activities. Lots of students put on short plays. Some plays are funny, and they show us that wasting water is bad for humans. Many students take part in the speech competition. They tell us what we should do to save water. Some teachers and students make posters and put them up in the school and neighborhood. In this way, more people know the World Water Day and join us. All these activities are helpful. More and more people know the importance of water and begin to save it. Maybe you can do the same.
Yours,
Liu Hong
【知识点】应用文写作
【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文写作。本文要求按照所给的题目，结合提示内容完成这篇关于节约用水的欧文，并以信件的形式，将活动时间，人员，形式，目的，以及自己的感想写给笔友Jim。写作中要包含所有活动要素，并分享自己的活动心得。根据材料内容可知本文应使用一般现在时，人称主要为第三人称复数，注意并列连词的使用及主谓一致问题，写作中注意上下文的过渡，要符合逻辑关系，符合英语的表达习惯。
【点评】这篇短文根据所给内容提示，完整的介绍了世界水日这一天的学校活动。内容切题，意思连贯，表达清楚、完整。一些固定短语take part in；is bad for；In this way；More and more等以及句型结构On March 22nd all the teachers and students of the school take part in different activities. More and more people know the importance of water and begin to save it.等运用较为得体，表达比较准确，使文章更加流畅、自然。
1 / 1牛津版（深圳·广州）初中英语七年级下册第五单元检测卷
1．（牛津版（深圳·广州）初中英语七年级下册第五单元检测卷）My sister dropped from the tall tree.
A．watched B．pushed C．disappeared D．fell
【答案】D
【知识点】词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：我妹妹从高高的树上掉了下来。drop掉落；watch看；push推；disappear消失；fall落下。根据from the tall tree.可知，此处表示掉下来。故选D。
【点评】考查词义辨析。注意弄清句意，识记drop和fall是同义词。
2．（牛津版（深圳·广州）初中英语七年级下册第五单元检测卷）We spent part of the time in the library.
A．all B．some of C．most of D．any of
【答案】B
【知识点】词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：我们在图书馆度过了部分时光。part of部分；all所有；some of一些；most of大部分；any of......中任何一个。根据句意，部分时光与一些时光相近。故选B。
【点评】考查词义辨析。注意识记part of=some of。
3．（牛津版（深圳·广州）初中英语七年级下册第五单元检测卷）Now I can walk to work instead of going by car.
A．in place of B．in fact
C．in a way D．in the centre of
【答案】A
【知识点】词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：如今我能走路去上班而不是开车。instead of代替，而不是；in place of代替；in fact事实上；in a way在某种程度上；in the centre of在......的中心。根据句意，此处表示走路代替开车。故选A。
【点评】考查词义辨析。注意识记instead of=in place of。
4．（牛津版（深圳·广州）初中英语七年级下册第五单元检测卷）Don't forget to return my book to me tomorrow.
A．look up B．learn about C．give back D．look for
【答案】C
【知识点】词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：不要忘记明天把我的书还给我。return归还；look up查阅；learn about学习；give back交还；look for寻找。根据句意，此处表示归还我的书。故选C。
【点评】考查词义辨析。注意识记return与give back是同义词。
5．（牛津版（深圳·广州）初中英语七年级下册第五单元检测卷）The factory produced the dress in large quantities.
A．lengths B．sizes C．heights D．numbers
【答案】D
【知识点】词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：这家工厂大量生产这件连衣裙。quantity数量；length长度；size尺寸；height高度；number数字。根据句意，此处表示大量的连衣裙。故选D。
【点评】考查词义辨析。注意识记quantity和number是同义词。
6．（牛津版（深圳·广州）初中英语七年级下册第五单元检测卷）The meat will stay _________for several days if you put it in the fridge.
A．fresh B．active C．natural D．common
【答案】A
【知识点】形容词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：如果你将它放入冰箱，这个肉将会保持好些天的新鲜。fresh新鲜的；active活跃的；natural自然的；common普通的。 根据句意，本句为if引导的条件状语从句，结合主从句逻辑关系，肉放入冰箱应为保持新鲜。故选A。
【点评】考查形容词辨析。首先弄清句意和各选项词义，然后根据主从句逻辑关系，识记stay fresh保持新鲜，最后选择正确答案。
7．（牛津版（深圳·广州）初中英语七年级下册第五单元检测卷）—Daisy, don't leave the tap_________.
—Sorry, Mum. I'll _________it off at once.
A．on; turn B．off; take C．in; turn D．out; take
【答案】A
【知识点】固定搭配；形容词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：——黛西，不要让水龙头开着。——抱歉，妈妈。我第一时间关上了。on开着的；off取消；in在......内；out从......里面出去；turn off关掉；take off起飞。根据句意，leave sth. on保持开着的状态，此处on为形容词。结合句意，表示关掉水龙头，turn off关掉，为固定搭配。故选A。
【点评】考查形容词辨析和固定搭配。注意on和off的区别以及识记固定搭配turn off。
8．（牛津版（深圳·广州）初中英语七年级下册第五单元检测卷）When she got into the room, she heard a sweet_________, "How are you, little girl "
A．sound B．noise C．voice D．talk
【答案】C
【知识点】名词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：当她进入房间时，她听到了一个甜甜的声音，“你好吗，小姑娘？”sound声音（指代响声，来自大自然的任何声音）；noise噪音；voice声音（指人的声音，说话、唱歌）；talk说话。根据How are you，little girl，可知此处表示人的声音。故选C。
【点评】考查名词辨析。注意识记sound，voice，noise，talk的区别。
9．（牛津版（深圳·广州）初中英语七年级下册第五单元检测卷）According to a survey, four out of five women do housework at home, but only _________of men would do it.
A．four fifth B．four fifths C．two fifth D．two fifths
【答案】D
【知识点】表示分数
【解析】【分析】句意：一项调查显示，五分之四的女性做家务，但只有五分之二的男性愿意做家务。根据句意，four out of five五分之四，为固定搭配，结合句意可知，此处也为分数表达法，分子使用基数词，分母使用序数词，如分子大于1，分母我为复数形式，排除A，C项；根据only可知，做家务的男人比女人少，因此只有五分之二two fifths的男生愿意做家务。故选D。
【点评】考查分数表达法。注意识记分数的表达方式。
10．（牛津版（深圳·广州）初中英语七年级下册第五单元检测卷）—There are_________ new books in our school library.
—Really Let's go to have a look. Remember_________ your phone. It's not allowed there.
A．many; to take B．no; to take
C．many; not to take D．no; not to take
【答案】C
【知识点】形容词原级；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：——在我们学校的图书馆有许多新书。——真的吗？让我们去看一看。记住不要带上你的手机。那里是不被允许的。many许多；no没有。根据后句Let's go to have a look.可知第一个空表示有许多新书。排除B，D项；根据It's not allowed there.可知此处表示不要带手机。故选C。
【点评】考查形容词和固定搭配。注意识记many后接可数名词复数以及remember to do的固定搭配，答题时注意上下文逻辑关系。
11．（2018·乐山）—Julia, your mobile phone is ringing.
—Wait a minute. It's dangerous ______ it while crossing the street.
A．answering B．answer C．to answer
【答案】C
【知识点】动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：—朱丽亚，你的手机响了。—等一下。过马路时接电话是危险的。It + be + adj. for (of) sb to do sth 某人做某事……，是固定句式，it是形式主语，不定式结构做真正主语。故选C。
【点评】考查动词不定式做主语的句式。熟记此句式，并能熟练运用。
12．（2018·包头）—Do you understand what he said just now
—________.
A．One by one B．More or less
C．From time to time D．Here and there
【答案】B
【知识点】情景交际
【解析】【分析】句意：——你理解他刚刚说的吗？——差不多吧。A一个接一个，B或多或少，C时不时，D到处。根据 Do you understand what he said just now 你理解他刚刚说的吗？可知，应该回答理解的程度。故选B。
【点评】考查情景交际。注意理解句选项意思，理解句意。
13．（牛津版（深圳·广州）初中英语七年级下册第五单元检测卷）He can see the garden _________the window.
A．in B．on C．through D．for
【答案】C
【知识点】介词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：他能透过窗户看见这个花园。in在......里面；on在......上面；through穿过；for给。根据the window可知，此处表示透过窗户看花园。故选C。
【点评】考查介词辨析。注意识记through透过，穿过。
14．（牛津版（深圳·广州）初中英语七年级下册第五单元检测卷）—Tina, it's time_________ to bed.
—OK, Murn Please_________ me up earlier tomorrow morning.
A．to go; wake B．going; wake C．to go; waking D．going; waking
【答案】A
【知识点】表示肯定的祈使句；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：——蒂娜，是时候去睡觉了。——好的，妈妈请明天早上早些叫醒我。根据句意，it's time to do sth.表示是时候去做某事，为固定搭配，因此第一个空为to go，排除B，D项；根据Please可知，后句为祈使句，应使用动词原形。故选A。
【点评】考查固定句式和祈使句。弄清句意，识记it's time to do sth.表示是时候去做某事，以及Please引导的祈使句，后接动词原形。
15．（牛津版（深圳·广州）初中英语七年级下册第五单元检测卷）—Excuse me, could you tell me_________
—Certainly.
A．when can I get to the station B．how can I get to the station
C．how to get to the station D．which station can I get to
【答案】C
【知识点】宾语从句的陈述语序；动词不定式
【解析】【分析】——打扰一下，你能告诉我如何去车站吗？——当然。分析句子结构可知，本句为特殊疑问句，与不定式how to do构成宾语从句，根据答句Certainly可知，此处表示如何去车站。故选C。
【点评】考查宾语从句。识记宾语从句在一定条件下，可以简化为“特殊疑问词+不定式”。
16．（牛津版（深圳·广州）初中英语七年级下册第五单元检测卷）语法选择
Water is the （1） of
all the things we eat and drink. Not many people understand this but （2） quite
true. The human body （3） go without food for a long time. We've
got many examples for this. Yet two （4） three days without water
can usually make people （5） . Man can't live （6） water.
Many people don't understand how （7） water
the human body needs （8） work well, and many people, especially
young people, do not drink enough, （9） in very hot weather. Our
body is mostly water, about 65% to 75%. That is to say about two thirds of our
body is water. When we do sports, some of the water will get away from our
body. （10） we don't drink some water, we won't have
enough water. If we don't have enough water, we'll feel tired and many of us
will get ill. So you know how important water is to us.
（1）A．important B．most important C．more important D．different
（2）A．it's B．its C．it D．is
（3）A．can B．could C．must D．should
（4）A．so B．and C．but D．or
（5）A．to die B．die C．to died D．died
（6）A．have B．with C．without D．in
（7）A．many B．much C．little D．few
（8）A．and B．the C．/ D．to
（9）A．even B．ever C．almost D．hardly
（10）A．If B．For C．Since D．Because
【答案】（1）B；（2）A；（3）A；（4）D；（5）B；（6）C；（7）B；（8）D；（9）A；（10）A
【知识点】语法选择；医疗保健类；说明文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文介绍了水对人类生存的重要性，以及喝水少的弊端，应重视每天摄入足够的水，让身体更好。
（1）句意：水是我们吃的和喝的所有东西中最重要的。important重要的；most important最重要的；more important更重要的；different不同的。根据定冠词the和比较范围all the things可知，此处应使用形容词的最高级形式。故选B。
（2）句意：不是很多人理解这一点，但这是千真万确的。 it's它是；its它的；it它；is是。分析句子结构，本空缺少主语和谓语成分，结合句意。故选A。
（3）句意：人的身体可以在很长一段时间内不吃东西。can能，能够；could可能；must必须；should应该。根据句意，人的身体能够活下去。故选A。
（4）句意：然而两三天不喝水通常会使人死亡。so因此；and和；but但是；or或者。根据本空前后two和three days，可知此处表示两三天，two or three days两三天，为固定短语。故选D。
（5）句意：然而两三天不喝水通常会使人死亡。to die死亡（动词不定式）；die死亡（动词原形）；to died死亡；died死亡（动词过去式或过去分词）。根据句意和选项内容可知，此处人和死亡有被动关系，因此使用make sb. done的形式。故选B。
（6）句意：人们不能离开水而生存。have有；with带着；without不带；in在......。根据句意，此处表示没有水，人类不能活。因此使用without。故选C。
（7）句意：很多人不知道人体需要多少水才能正常工作。many许多（后接可数名词复数）；much许多（后接不可能数名词）；little少许（后接不可数名词）；few少许（后接可数名词复数）。根据所修饰的名词water，为不可数名词，结合常识，应为许多水。故选B。
（8）句意：很多人不知道人体需要多少水才能正常工作。and并且；the这个；to去......。根据句意，此处表目的，为了身体能正常工作，因此使用动词不定式to do的形式。故选D。
（9）句意：特别是年轻人，不喝足够的水，甚至在非常炎热的天气。even甚至；ever曾经；almost几乎；hardly几乎不。根据句意，in very hot weather，在句意上有递进，因此使用even。故选A。
（10）句意：如果我们不喝一些水，我们将没有足够的水。If如果；For为了......；Since自从；Because因为。分析句子结构，本句为条件状语从句，表示假设，因此使用if来引导。故选A。
【点评】考查语法选择。首先通读全文，弄清大意，然后分析设空处所在句子的结构，注意形容词最高级、情态动词、动词不定式、介词、固定搭配等因素，选择正确答案，最后再次通读全文，核查疏漏。
17．（牛津版（深圳·广州）初中英语七年级下册第五单元检测卷）阅读理解
Many years ago, most of our earth was
covered with blocks (块) of ice. These ice
blocks were as tall as high buildings in modern cities. Most of the ice was in
the northern part of the world. Then the ice blocks started to move south. Cold
and rain came with the ice. Animals had to move. At last, the ice began to melt
(融化). After half a million years, most of it melted.
More than half of the earth became covered with water. The climate
became much warmer. Things began to grow. The earth began to look the way in
which it looks today.
（1）Many years ago, our earth was very___________.
A．warm B．hot C．dry D．cold
（2）What did animals try to do when the ice blocks moved south
A．They tried to stop them moving. B．They tried to melt them.
C．They tried to move. D．They tried to stay ahead of them.
（3）The melting ice may help to form __________.
A．mountains and valleys B．the sun, the moon and the earth
C．cities and countries D．seas, lakes and rivers
（4）The underlined word "climate" means "__________".
A．the freezing ice B．the general weather conditions
C．the moving of the ice blocks D．a plant or an animal
（5）Which of these things might happen because the Ice Age ended
a. Forests grew. b. Food became harder to find.
c. Fishing became easier. d. The temperature dropped.
A．ab B．bd C．cd D．ac
【答案】（1）D
（2）C
（3）D
（4）B
（5）D
【知识点】自然地理类；说明文；细节理解
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文讲述了许多年前地球被冰块覆盖，动物不得不因此迁徙，随着冰块融化成水，万物开始生长，变成了如今的地球。
（1）细节理解题。根据Many years ago, most of our earth was covered with blocks (块) of ice.许多年前，我们地球的大部分被冰块覆盖着。可知当时的地球非常冷。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据Animals had to move.动物们不得不搬家。可知当冰块向南移动时，动物们试图搬家。故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据More than half of the earth became covered with water.地球的一半以上被水覆盖着。可知熔化的冰变成了水，可推知会形成海洋、湖泊和河流。故选D。
（4）词义猜测题。根据became much warmer变得更热了，可知climate与天气、气候有关系。故选B。
（5）推理判断题。a. Forests grew.森林增长；b. Food became harder to find.食物越来越难找；c. Fishing became easier.钓鱼变得更容易；d. The temperature dropped.温度下降了。根据Things began to grow.万物开始生长，可知森林可能也增长了，a会发生；根据More than half of the earth became covered with water.可知水变多了，因此钓鱼变得更容易，c会发生。故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解。首先弄清全文大意，然后分析提干，细节理解题可从文章相应句子找出答案，词义猜测题可结合上下句关系，以及相近词句进行猜测；推理判断题可找出文章中的重要信息，结合常识进行推断。
18．（牛津版（深圳·广州）初中英语七年级下册第五单元检测卷）阅读理解
Here I want to tell you some information
about water.
Water covers most of our planet. People can
find it in oceans, lakes and rivers, and under the ground. Water moves in the
environment by evaporation, condensation, and precipitation. The warm Sun helps
water change into vapour and rise up into the sky. It is evaporation. The
vapour in the air forms clouds in the sky. It is condensation. When the clouds
get heavy enough, the water falls back to the ground as rain or snow. This is
precipitation.
Ocean water has too much salt in it. Much
of the water travels far over the land. When it travels over the land, the
water picks up salt from the rocks and soil. About 97.5% of the Earth's water
is salty water. It is expensive to take salt out of the water.
All people need clean water. They need it
for drinking, for cooking, and for bathing. Some people in a village in South
America did not have clean water. Their water was full of oil and dirty things.
People there got sick when they drank the water. Other people heard about the
problem. They sent empty water tanks (储水池) to
the village. Rainwater fell into the tanks. Now the people in that village have
the clean water.
（1）What helps water change into vapour
A．The Sun. B．The Earth. C．The Moon. D．The stars.
（2）Why can't we drink the ocean water
A．Because it is salty.
B．Because we don't have much ocean water.
C．Because it is far away from us.
D．Because it is valuable.
（3）What was the problem of the people in the village in South America
A．It never rains in their village.
B．Their drinking water was too dirty and not safe.
C．They didn't know how to use rain water.
D．They were too poor to buy water.
（4）The writer wrote the last paragraph mainly to tell us___________.
A．many people in the world are poor B．clean water is important to people
C．we should help poor people D．we should save rainwater
（5）Where may the writer get the information
A．In a travel guide. B．In a cookbook.
C．In a storybook. D．On the Internet.
【答案】（1）A
（2）A
（3）B
（4）B
（5）D
【知识点】环保类；说明文；细节理解
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文介绍了一些关于水资源的信息，讲解了水形成的过程，海水很咸，以及水对于人类生存的重要性。
（1）细节理解题。根据第二段中The warm Sun helps water change into vapour and rise up into the sky.温暖的太阳帮助水变成蒸汽上升到天空中。可知太阳蒸发水为水蒸气。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段中Ocean water has too much salt in it.海水中有太多的盐，可知海水很咸，不能喝。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据第四段中Some people in a village in South America did not have clean water. Their water was full of oil and dirty things.在南美洲的一个村庄里，有些人没有干净的水。他们的水里装满了油和脏东西。可知他们的饮用水非常脏且不安全。故选B。
（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段中All people need clean water. They need it for drinking, for cooking, and for bathing.所有人都需要干净的水。他们需要它来饮水、做饭和洗澡。结合句意，作者想告诉我们干净的水的重要性。故选B。
（5）文章出处题。A.In a travel guide在旅行指南；B.In a cookbook在食谱；C.In a storybook在故事书；D.On the Internet在网上。统观全文，本文讲述了水的重要性，以及关于水资源的一些信息。因此从网上获取更合理。故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解。首先弄清全文大意，然后分析题干，细节理解题可从文章相应段落找出答案；推理判断题可分析上下句逻辑关系，找出重要信息进行推断；文章出处题可总结文章核心思想，并结合排除法，排除不恰当的选项。
（牛津版（深圳·广州）初中英语七年级下册第五单元检测卷）阅读理解
Imagine you are taking a walk on thebeautiful beach. Just then, your feet step over something and you hear a crack(噼啪声) —an emptyplastic bottle. Things like this are happening more often because of searubbish.
Studies show that 80% of all the waste isfrom the land. The waste is mainly plastics (塑料制品)which are really hard to degrade (降解). So the rubbishwill remain there for a long time. Some of the pollution is causedaccidentally. For example, about 10,000 product-filled boxes are lost at seaevery year from business ships. Sometimes people just throw things into thewater from boats or land. Many large rubbish areas are formed in the NorthPacific Ocean.
Thankfully, the situation isn't ignored (忽视). Groups like the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)are taking action to help clean the sea. Since 2006,76 projects have clearedout 3,814 metric tons (公吨) of rubbish from the sea.Methods of rubbish cleaning include using machines to remove (移除) the waste away from the surface of sea water. Besides, specialnets are set by the mouths of rivers to stop the rubbish before it reaches thesea. If everyone does his part, sea rubbish seems like a problem that can besolved.
19．The sea waste made of __________will remain for a long time.
A．paper B．wood C．plastic D．cotton
20．In the second paragraph we can know __________are also some of the sea rubbish.
A．special cleaning nets B．large factory machines
C．passing business boats D．lost product-filled boxes
21．In order to __________, some projects are done by different groups.
A．stop people from fishing B．fight against the sea pollution
C．develop trade in the seafood D．produce new kinds of plastics
22．In order to __________, special nets are set by the mouths of rivers.
A．prevent the rubbish reaching the sea
B．clean the surface of the dirty sea water
C．build more sea rubbish collecting areas
D．make people care about the environment
23．According to the passage, we can imagine the future of the sea will be__________.
A．terrible B．dark C．quiet D．hopeful
【答案】19．C
20．D
21．B
22．A
23．D
【知识点】环保类；说明文；细节理解
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文介绍了海洋污染的来源，以及多年来致力于解决海洋污染问题的组织，不断努力改善海洋环境。
【点评】考查阅读理解。首先弄清全文大意，然后分析题干，细节理解题可从原文相应段落找出答案；推理判断题可分析全文内容，总结中心思想，并整理归纳，选出正确答案。
19．细节理解题。根据第二段中The waste is mainly plastics which are really hard to degrade.这些垃圾主要是很难降解的塑料。造成海洋污染的主要原因是塑料。故选C。
20．细节理解题。根据第二段中For example, about 10,000 product-filled boxes are lost at sea every year from business ships. 例如，每年有大约1万个装满产品的箱子从商船上丢弃在海上。可知丢弃的产品箱子也是海洋污染的一类。故选D。
21．细节理解题。根据第三段中taking action to help clean the sea.采取措施去帮助清理海洋。可知此处表示不同的组织为了战胜海洋污染而采取行动。故选B。
22．细节理解题。根据第三段中Besides, special nets are set by the mouths of rivers to stop the rubbish before it reaches the sea.此外，河口还设置了特殊的网来阻止垃圾流入大海。可知特殊网的建立是为了阻止垃圾流入大海。故选A。
23．推理判断题。统观全文，本文讲述了海洋垃圾的危害，并介绍了许多组织在帮助清理海洋污染，努力解决垃圾问题。可推知，未来的海洋将会非常有希望。故选D。
24．（牛津版（深圳·广州）初中英语七年级下册第五单元检测卷）A d of water is
talking with a little girl. The water asks the girl to save water.
【答案】drop
【知识点】固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：一滴水正在和一个小姑娘说话。水叫这个姑娘要节约用水。根据不定冠词a与of可知，此处表示水的数量，不可数名词应使用量词修饰，a drop of water一滴水，为固定搭配。故填drop。
【点评】考查固定搭配。注意识记a drop of water的词义和用法。
25．（牛津版（深圳·广州）初中英语七年级下册第五单元检测卷）People used to add a lot
of s to food to keep it fora longer time.
【答案】salt
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：人们过去常常往食物里加很多盐以使它保存更长的时间。根据句意和常识，使食物保存时间更长应加盐，用salt，不可数名词。故填salt。
【点评】考查不可数名词。注意识记加盐可以将食物保存更长时间，以及salt为不可数名词。
26．（牛津版（深圳·广州）初中英语七年级下册第五单元检测卷）My brother is doing an
e . He wants to know how electricity works.
【答案】experiment
【知识点】可数名词；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：我的哥哥正在做一个实验。他想要去知道电是如何工作的。根据how electricity works以及结合首字母提示和不定冠词an可知，本空表示做实验，do an experiment，固定搭配。故填experiment。
【点评】考查名词拼写。注意识记do an experiment做实验，为固定搭配。
27．（牛津版（深圳·广州）初中英语七年级下册第五单元检测卷）My aunt decided to
c to work after she had a baby.
【答案】continue
【知识点】动词原形；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：我的姑姑决定在她有了一个宝宝之后继续去工作。根据前后句逻辑关系，此处表示继续去工作，继续，continue，结合decide to do决定去做某事，为固定搭配，因此使用动词原形。故填continue。
【点评】考查动词拼写和固定搭配。注意识记固定搭配decide to do的用法。
28．（牛津版（深圳·广州）初中英语七年级下册第五单元检测卷）Did you have a good
j during the summer holiday
【答案】journey
【知识点】固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：在暑假期间你旅行愉快吗？根据summer holiday以及首字母j的提示可知，此处表示旅行愉快，have a good journey旅行愉快，为固定搭配。故填journey。
【点评】考查固定搭配。注意识记固定搭配have a good journey。
29．（牛津版（深圳·广州）初中英语七年级下册第五单元检测卷）哇，你的书是我的两倍那么多!
Wow, you have books I have!
【答案】twice；as；many；as
【知识点】汉译英；“倍数+ as +形容词原级+ as…”表示倍数
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知此句缺少成分“两倍”，“那么多”。两倍twice，根据句意，此处为比较级形式，倍数的比较级表达为，倍数+as+many/much+名词+as，books为名词复数，应使用many修饰。故填twice；as；many；as。
【点评】考查汉译英。注意识记倍数+as+many/much+名词+as的用法。
30．（牛津版（深圳·广州）初中英语七年级下册第五单元检测卷）这个工厂里有多少工人
workers
are there in this factory
【答案】How；many
【知识点】汉译英；特殊疑问句
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知此句缺少成分“多少”。本句为疑问句，根据中文句意，提问多少，结合workers为复数名词，应使用how many，句首字母大写。故填How；many。
【点评】考查汉译英。注意识记提问多少，使用how many或how much。
31．（牛津版（深圳·广州）初中英语七年级下册第五单元检测卷）这个俱乐部由30名学生和5名老师组成的。
This club is 30 students and 5 teachers.
【答案】made；up；of
【知识点】汉译英；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知此句缺少成分“组成”。根据句意，构成，由……组成，make up of，固定搭配。分析句子结构，this club与make存在被动关系，因此本句为被动语态，使用be+done的形式。故填made；up；of。
【点评】考查汉译英。注意识记固定搭配make up of以及句中的主被动关系。
32．（牛津版（深圳·广州）初中英语七年级下册第五单元检测卷）记得出门时带一些零花钱。
Remember to take
some with you when you go out.
【答案】pocket；money
【知识点】汉译英；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知此句缺少成分“零花钱”。零花钱，pocket money，为固定短语，money为不可数名词，因此名词不做变化。故填pocket；money。
【点评】考查汉译英。注意识记pocket money零花钱，为固定短语。
33．（牛津版（深圳·广州）初中英语七年级下册第五单元检测卷）我们村里的小河去年就干涸了。
The small river in our village last year.
【答案】dried；up
【知识点】汉译英；固定搭配；一般过去时
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知此句缺少成分“干涸了”。干涸，dry up，为固定短语，根据last year可知，本句为一般过去时，动词应使用过去时，dry的过去式为dried。故填dried；up。
【点评】考查汉译英。注意识记固定搭配dry up以及一般过去时，动词应使用过去式。
34．（牛津版（深圳·广州）初中英语七年级下册第五单元检测卷）用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空
a day or two according to be not enough think of
travel around the city
Imagine one day, the water taps in your house stop running. You have to
buy water from shops. And still there water for everyone. Your
mother has to save the family's shower water to do other things. Would you be
able to stand that kind of life
Probably not. But that's what kids in Yemen are experiencing. Experts
said Yemen is going to be the first country in the world to run out of water.
a report, the capital, Sana'a, will run out of drinking water as
early as 2025.
Because
of the shortage, the government often cuts the water supply. Hannan, an
18-year-old girl from Lahej, told the Times: "In a good week we'll have
the water supply all week. But then the following week there will be water only
for ."
Hannan said only rich people have enough water to use. They can buy
water from the shops or from the water trucks. Private companies own the
trucks. They every day to sell water—at very high prices. "A
lot of people can't afford it," she said.
The
government is making use of seawater. But it will cost a lot and it
may not happen soon enough to help the people of Yemen.
【答案】isn't enough；According to；a day or two；travel around the city；thinking of
【知识点】选词填空；人文地理类；说明文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文讲述了也门缺水的现状，导致人民在生活中经常被断水，无法正常生活，并表示也门政府正在考虑利用海水，但是短时间内不会改变现状。
选项意思：a day or two一天或两天；according to根据；be not enough不够；think of考虑；travel around the city环游城市。
（1）句意：而且仍然没有足够的水给每个人。根据前句You have to buy water from shops.你不得不去商店买水可知，此处表示水不够，结合本句为there be句型，时态为一般现在时，因此使用be动词的否定形式，isn't。故填isn't enough。
（2）句意：根据报道，首都萨那的饮用水将在2025年耗尽。根据a report和本句句意，可知此处表示根据报道，句首的单词首字母应大写。故填According to。
（3）句意：但接下来的一周，只会有一两天的水。根据But可知，此处表示转折，表示水只足够一两天饮用。故填a day or two。
（4）句意：他们每天在城市各处以非常高的价格出售水。根据water trucks水车，可知他们把水卖给城市的有钱人，因此要环游城市各处。故填travel around the city。
（5）句意：政府正在考虑利用海水。根据句意，此处表示正在考虑利用海水。结合be动词is，以及本句句意，表示正在做的事情，为现在进行时，使用be+doing的形式。故填thinking of。
【点评】考查选词填空。首先弄清全文大意和各选项词意，然后分析上下句逻辑关系，注意时态，句首字母大写，否定句等因素，填写正确答案。
35．（牛津版（深圳·广州）初中英语七年级下册第五单元检测卷）阅读短文及文后A～E选项，选出可以填入各题空白处的最佳选项。
We
live on the earth. We use the sea around us. What do we take from the ocean
And what do we give to it
We
take fishes from the ocean—millions of kilograms of fish, every year, to feed
millions of people. We take minerals (矿物) from
the ocean. We can get salt by evaporating (蒸发) seawater.
such as gold. Seaweed (海草) becomes
food of many kinds—even candy and ice cream—as well as medicine. Believe it or
not, fresh water is another gift from the sea. We can't drink ocean water.
But ocean water becomes fresh water when the salts are removed. In
the future, we will find ourselves depending more and more on fresh water from
the sea.
The
sea gives us food, fertilizer, minerals, water and other gifts. What do we give
the sea We pollute the ocean all the time. Throwing waste into the
ocean is killing off sea life. Yet as the world population grows, we may need
the sea and its gifts more than ever.
We
are finally learning that if we destroy our sea, we might also destroy
ourselves. Hopefully, it is not too late.
A. Other gifts, such as
seaweed, can be also got from the sea. B. Huge as it is, the ocean
can't hold all that we pour into it. C. Along with salt, other
minerals are left after evaporation. D. We even use their bones
(骨头) for fertilizer (肥料). E. Some of its contents (所含物) may cause illness.
【答案】D；C；A；E；B
【知识点】任务型阅读；环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文介绍了海洋是生命之源，人们可以从海洋中得到很多东西，但是人们的日常生活却在不断地污染海洋，并警示我们不要去破坏海洋。
A. Other gifts, such as seaweed, can be also got from the sea.其他礼物，如海藻，也可以从海里得到。
B. Huge as it is, the ocean can't hold all that we pour into it.尽管海洋很大，但它容纳不了我们倾注进去的所有东西。
C. Along with salt, other minerals are left after evaporation.和盐一样，其他矿物质在蒸发后也会留下来。
D. We even use their bones (骨头) for fertilizer (肥料).我们甚至用它们的骨头当肥料。
E. Some of its contents (所含物) may cause illness.它的一些内容可能会导致疾病。
（1）根据前句millions of kilograms of fish, every year, to feed millions of people.每年数百万公斤的鱼，养活了数百万人。可知后句的内容也跟鱼有关，此处表示利用他们的骨头做肥料。故选D。
（2）根据前句We can get salt by evaporating (蒸发) seawater.我们可以通过蒸发海水得到盐。可知后句的内容与盐有关。故选C。
（3）根据后句Seaweed (海草) becomes food of many kinds—even candy and ice cream—as well as medicine.海藻可以成为许多种类的食物——甚至是糖果和冰淇淋——以及药物。可知前句的内容与海藻有关。故选A。
（4）根据前句We can't drink ocean water.我们不能喝海水。可知后句的内容要引申不能喝的原因。故选E。
（5）根据前句We pollute the ocean all the time.我们一直在污染海洋，以及后句Throwing waste into the ocean is killing off sea life.向海洋中倾倒废物正在杀死海洋生物。可知此处表示海洋不能容纳我们扔的废物。故选B。
【点评】考查任务型阅读。首先弄清全文大意，然后分析设空处前后句逻辑关系，总结其主要描述的对象，选择正确答案，最后再次通读全文，核查疏漏。
36．（牛津版（深圳·广州）初中英语七年级下册第五单元检测卷）假如你是刘宏，你的学校每年都在世界水日（World Water Day）开展丰富多彩的活动，宣传节约用水。你的美国笔友Jim所在的学校也要开展类似活动。请你写信向他介绍你们的活动情况（活动内容见下表）。
活动时间 3月22日
参加人员 全校师生
活动形式 表演话剧、演讲比赛、制作海报等
活动目的 告诉人们水的重要性、浪费水的危害、节约用水的方法……
活动感想 ……
参考词汇：take part in, put on short plays, speech competition, make posters, helpful, save, waste
Dear Jim,
Nice hearing from you. Let me tell you what we often do on World Water Day in our school.
Yours,
Liu Hong
【答案】Dear Jim,
Nice hearing from you. Let me tell you what we often do on World Water Day in our school. On March 22nd all the teachers and students of the school take part in different activities. Lots of students put on short plays. Some plays are funny, and they show us that wasting water is bad for humans. Many students take part in the speech competition. They tell us what we should do to save water. Some teachers and students make posters and put them up in the school and neighborhood. In this way, more people know the World Water Day and join us. All these activities are helpful. More and more people know the importance of water and begin to save it. Maybe you can do the same.
Yours,
Liu Hong
【知识点】应用文写作
【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文写作。本文要求按照所给的题目，结合提示内容完成这篇关于节约用水的欧文，并以信件的形式，将活动时间，人员，形式，目的，以及自己的感想写给笔友Jim。写作中要包含所有活动要素，并分享自己的活动心得。根据材料内容可知本文应使用一般现在时，人称主要为第三人称复数，注意并列连词的使用及主谓一致问题，写作中注意上下文的过渡，要符合逻辑关系，符合英语的表达习惯。
【点评】这篇短文根据所给内容提示，完整的介绍了世界水日这一天的学校活动。内容切题，意思连贯，表达清楚、完整。一些固定短语take part in；is bad for；In this way；More and more等以及句型结构On March 22nd all the teachers and students of the school take part in different activities. More and more people know the importance of water and begin to save it.等运用较为得体，表达比较准确，使文章更加流畅、自然。
1 / 1
