（浙江省）九年级上学期2024年开学启航·英语题型精训营：阅读理解（人与自然）

（浙江省）九年级上学期2024年开学启航·英语题型精训营：阅读理解（人与自然）
一、阅读理解
（2023九上·杭州开学考）阅读选择
1．Where is Bodie State Historic Park
A．In the old town. B．Near an old building.
C．In the Bodie Hills. D．Behind the Bodie Hills.
2．When did people build the small house
A．In 1859. B．In 1932. C．In 1884. D．In 1962.
3．What can we learn from the timeline (时间轴)
A．The history of some state parks.
B．People's daily life in Bodie Hills.
C．Some important years in California.
D．The history of Bodie State Historic Park.
（2022九上·温州开学考）阅读短文，回答问题
It's
raining plastic! No, plastic bottles and bags are not dropping down from
overhead. But plastic is in raindrops. A study by the U. S. Department of the
Interior and the U. S. Geological Survey showed tiny pieces of plastic in
rainfall in Denver and Boulder, Colorado. Scientists couldn't see the plastic
until they put the rainwater they collected under a microscope. Once they did
that, they found tiny pieces of plastic in 90 percent of the rain samples.
▲ It's a problem
all around the world. Scientists haven't figured out just how widespread
plastic pollution is, but they think that microplastics have probably find
their way into every part of the environment. And just because we can't see the
plastic doesn't mean it's not there. Scientists have found tons of plastic in
the oceans, as well as in sea animals and plants. Even the human body can't
resist microplastics.
No one's
certain how microplastics have gotten all over the place. But really, it's no
secret that we use a lot of plastic. It's commonly found in packaging, bags, electronics,
and even in some of our clothes. Scientists think little pieces of plastic may
be breaking off every time when we wash our clothes or just use something that
contains plastic. That just may be how the rain samples in the study ended up
containing so much of plastic.
OK, so
there's a lot of plastic. Is it bad for us Scientists are still studying the
long-term effects of plastic exposure on people. But there's some research that
suggests it may be harmful. In one study, microplastics were fed to mice, and
they messed up the mice's gut microbiomes. Scientists know that when people's
gut microbiomes are messed with, they are more likely to develop diseases like
obesity and type 2 diabetes.
Sounds
like we should all just avoid plastic to be on the safe side. That's easier
said than done. Plastic is everywhere. It's impossible to avoid completely. Experts
say we can reduce our exposure to plastic by limiting the amount of plastic
products we use every day and by not washing our clothes too much. Both of
those shed plastic into the environment. Still, there's a long way to go.
4．Through the study, scientists found that .
A．three cities in the US are raining plastic
B．we could find plastic in all the rain samples
C．microplastic can't get into human bodies
D．plastic pollution is already a serious problem
5．Which of the following can be put in ▲ in Paragraph 2
A．What a useful study it is!
B．It's not a problem in America.
C．It's cool to find plastic in raindrops.
D．Let's see what the problem really is.
6．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．Microplastics are harmful to humans but do no harm to mice.
B．Exposure to plastic will make people develop type I diabetes.
C．There is much more plastic in our environment than we can see.
D．Scientists have found out why there is so much plastic in our life.
7．What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．Experts will find ways to avoid plastic completely soon.
B．It's easy for people to avoid plastic to be on the safe side.
C．We need to wash our clothes to keep the environment clean.
D．Using fewer plastic bags helps us reduce exposure to plastic.
（2022九上·温州开学考）阅读短文，回答问题
The following mainly introduces four top tourist spots (景点).
Stonehenge With a history of about 5,000 years, Stonehenge is one of the world wonders. It's a circle of stones of different heights. The stones used to be about 200 kilometers away. Now people still wonder how these people moved the huge stones without machines' help.
Louvre Museum No visit to Paris is complete without a trip to Louvre Museum, one of the largest and most famous art museums in the world. About 35,000 works of art from different centuries are on show, of which the Mona Lisa is the best-known.
Mount Qomolangma Heavy snow, cold wind and thin oxygen (氧气)，Mount Qomolangma seems to say no to any climber who dreams about making it to the top of the world. Tenzing and Edmund were the earliest to arrive at the top, but they were up there for just 15 minutes before coming down.
Lake District National Park In the north of England lies Lake District National Park, which is very beautiful, with hills, lakes and forest. Most tourists enjoy walking round the lakes and climbing mountains. Lake District National Park is also a perfect place to paint the beautiful countryside.
8．People are still wondering how ancient people _____________.
A．managed to move the stones B．made different stones
C．walked 200 kilometers D．wrote the history of machines
9．We can learn from the passage that _____________.
A．Stonehenge has a history of five hundred years
B．Lake District National Park is in the south of England
C．The works of art in Louvre Museum are from the same century
D．Tenzing and Edmund were the first to reach the top of Qomolangma
10．_____________ is a great choice to enjoy walking around the lakes.
A．Stonehenge B．Louvre Museum
C．Mount Qomolangma D．Lake District National Park
11．The following make it difficult to reach the top of Qomolangma EXCEPT _____________.
A．heavy snow B．large lakes C．cold wind D．thin oxygen
12．The passage is probably taken from _____________.
A．a diary B．a news report C．a travel guide D．a poem
（2021九上·永嘉开学考）阅读下面短文，客观题从每小题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。
PHEW! It's so hot today. A group of animals are resting under a big tree. They are talking about how they like to cool themselves down during the hot summer.
The dog: We dogs pant to keep cool. Panting drives out hot air and brings in cooler air. It helps quickly evaporate water in our mouths to make our body temperature lower. The pig: We are different. We found another way to cool ourselves down. We enjoy rollingaround in mud* on hot summer days. Mud keeps us cool longer than water on its own, because the muddy water evaporates more slowly. The hippo: We hippos like to roll in mud to cool ourselves down, too. The dog: Mr. Hippo, your sweat is red. Do you sweat blood The hippo: My clever friend, you are wrong this time. In fact, it isn't sweat. It helps to protect our skin from the sun and the dryness. The elephant: Wow, you make your own sunscreen! We elephants have our own fans! Our large ears can keep ourselves cool, just like fans.
13．The animals are talking about ___________.
A．the best way to protect themselves B．different ways to cool down
C．the best place to spend hot summer D．different places to keep cool
14．________ lowers its temperature through its mouth.
A．The dog B．The pig C．The hippo D．The elephant
15．Both the pig and the hippo like to keep themselves cool by ___________.
A．panting B．producing sweat
C．rolling in mud D．flapping ears
（2021九上·鄞州开学考）阅读理解
Happy birthday, the Palace Museum! As
once an area of emperors and royal yard, the Palace Museum celebrated its 600th
birthday on Aug. 14th, 2020. Though it was closed to the public for
a while during the outbreak (疫情期间), it
still received billions of wishes from all directions.
① Built
in 1420, the palace recorded lives of important people through various
treasures and documents. The museum can provide a large amount of valuable
material for today's historical research, as well as inspiration (灵感) for literature and entertainment.
② Over
the last ten years, the museum has produced more than 10,000 cultural products
about the imperial palace, ranging from fans, notebooks to apps and
decorations.
③ The
most popular products are the royal cats. The items are inspired by the real
cats who call the Palace Museum home. More than 200 cats are living in the
palace where they are being well cared for. These furry guys often roam around without purpose and
pose lovely to the delight of visitors, who often can interact with them.
④ "The
primary reason why the Palace Museum has become so popular among people is that
it keeps the right balance between preserving history, sharing knowledge, and
providing interesting displays," said Shan Jixiang, former director and
curator of the museum.
16．The Palace Museum has been popular for years NOT because of its _____________.
A．valuable material for research B．interesting displays for public
C．great inspiration for literature D．creative products for market
17．The underlined word "roam" in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to "__________".
A．dance B．eat C．walk D．jump
18．Where can we best put "Apart from giving people a chance to learn about history, the Palace Museum is also creative in marketing. "
A．① B．② C．③ D．④
19．We can infer(推断) from the passage that the Palace Museum _________.
A．gets a large number of wishes from people
B．preserves history for more than 600 years
C．is good at selling royal cats in the market
D．will be more popular through its products
（2020九上·温州开学考）阅读理解
Why is it called Mars You might have asked yourself this before. Well, Mars is the name of the Roman god of war. People have seen the planet as a symbol of war for thousands of years. The ancient Greeks called the planet Ares after their god of war. Chinese people called it the "fire star" for the same reason.
Scientists have been interested in the planet since long before any space tasks. Egyptian scientists first saw Mars in the sky more than 4,000 years ago. Since then, people from all over the world have studied the planet.
Over the years, scientists have continued to study the planet and learned some basic things about it.
Mars is 10 times lighter and about 6 times smaller than Earth. Earth is 93 million miles (about 150 million km) from the sun, while Mars is 142 million miles away. That means it is much colder on Mars. In fact, the average temperature on Mars is - 62℃. Scientists found water on Mars long ago, but because of the low temperatures there, it is frozen. One day on Mars is called a sol and is about 40 minutes longer than one Earth day. The Red Planet's surface gravity* is only 37% as strong as Earth's, meaning you would be able to jump nearly two times higher on Mars.
20．What did the ancient Greeks call Mars
A．Mars B．Ares
C．The "fire star" D．The Red Planet
21．Which of the following is TRUE about Mars
A．Chinese scientists first saw Mars.
B．Mars is lighter and bigger than Earth.
C．Earth is farther from the sun than Mars.
D．A sol is about 1480 minutes.
22．An astronaut may jump like _______________ on Mars.
A． B．
C． D．
23．The passage is probably taken from a(an) _______________.
A．history book B．story book C．science book D．art book
（2020九上·温州开学考）阅读理解
What can you take in Shanghai Subway must be your first choice!
24．Lingling is in Yanjizhonglu now, she can take _______________ to Sipinglu.
A．Line 1 B．Line 2 C．Line3. D．Line 8
25．If Lingling wants to go to Huaihailu from Zhong Shan Park, at least, she needs to go through _______________ stops.
A．3 B．5 C．8 D．9
26．Where can we always find this map
A．In hospitals. B．In stations.
C．At Schools. D．In restaurants.
27．（2020九上·瑞安开学考）阅读理解
A sunflower is a sunflower. A mobile
phone is a mobile phone. But can you put the two together to do something for
your local environment As early as next year it may well be possible. When you
have finished with your mobile phone, you will be able to bury* it in the garden
and wait for it to flower.
A biodegradable* mobile phone was ,this
month, introduced by scientists. It is hoped that the new kind of phone will
encourage users to recycle*. Scientists have come up with a new material*over
the last five years. It looks like any other plastic*and can be hard or soft,
and able to change shape. But after some time, it can also break down without
polluting the environment. British researchers used the new material to develop
a phone cover with a sunflower seed. When this cover turns into waste, it forms
nitrates*. These feed the seed and help the flower grow. "We've only put
sunflower seeds into the cover so far. But we are trying to find out which
flowers would be the best. Maybe we could put roses in next time." said
one scientist.
As phones are developing so quickly,
people are always throwing their mobiles away. This means producers have to
find ways of recycling them. About 650 million mobile phones have been sold
this year. Most of them will be thrown away in two years, leaving plastic*,
heavy metal and other waste to the environment. A biodegradable cover can
reduce the harm to nature, according to the scientists. "The seed
sprouts*and the flower grows so you don't have to worry about the phone when
you have finished using it," said Kerry Kirwan, the leader of the research
team, which is based at the University of Warwick in Britain.
（1）What do people do with the used mobile phone now
A．They throw it away. B．They bury it in the garden.
C．They recycle it. D．They turn it into nitrates.
（2）Scientists do this kind of research in order to __________.
A． make mobile phones more beautiful
B．solve environmental problems
C． find a new way to grow flowers
D． produce more mobile phones
（3）We can guess from the passage that __________.
A．the new kind of mobile phones is already on the market
B． about 650 mobile phones will be thrown away
C．the new kind of mobile phones is not useful to the environment
D．other flowers may be used in the new kind of mobile phones
（4）Which can be the best title of the passage
A． Sunflower and Phone B． Plant your Phone
C．Protect our Environment D． No Worry about Phone
（2023九上·温州开学考） 阅读下面短文，第 31-44 小题从所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，第45小题在答题纸规定区域作答。
NASA has been trying hard to explore the space. The recent developments include, the launch of the James Webb Space Telescope, the successful asteroid hit by the Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) spaceship, and the launch of the most powerful rocket ever built for the Artemis mission. The James Webb Space Telescope is the biggest and most powerful telescope ever built. It can see through dust in the universe and find new stars hiding inside those clouds. Even more exciting, it will try to find signs of Life on planets far away!
The telescope has been working for more than a year and has caught some amazing images and data. One example is an image of a huge star called Wolf-Rayet 124, which weighs about 10
times heavier than our sun, reported the Space website.
DART spaceship is another breakthrough for NASA. It will be used to keep Earth safe from asteroids. In September 2022, NASA tested it by hitting an asteroid called Dimorphos. The goal was to change its orbit
Finally, we have the Mega Moon Rocket! This rocket is the most powerful one ever made and it's being used to help us get closer to Mars. NASA successfully launched it on Nov 16, 2022, and it had a 26-day trip around the moon. This is the first step of NASA's Artemis mission, which plans to set up a base on the moon for people to use in the future.
Despite the program's high cost, NASA believes that the Artemis project is worth it as it will be a key next step in the story of human exploration. As NASA administrator Bill Nelson told the BBC, "This time we' re going to learn how to live in that bad environment for long periods of time all with the purpose of one day going to Mars. "
28．The James Webb Space Telescope____.
A．can see through dust in the universe
B．can' t catch images and data of the star
C．can find signs of life on planets far away
D．can' t find new stars hiding inside those clouds
29．The underlined word "breakthrough" in Paragraph 3 means "____"
A．example B．invention C．exploration D．development
30．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．The Artemis project is worth it because of high cost.
B．DART spaceship had a 26-day trip around the moon.
C．The Mega Moon Rocket can help us get nearer to Mars.
D．The James Webb Space Telescope has been working for a year.
31．What is the passage mainly about
A．NASA has launched the Mega Moon Rocket.
B．NASA has discovered a huge star and an asteroid.
C．NASA has developed the James Webb Space Telescope.
D．NASA has made space exploration progress in different areas.
（2023九上·温州开学考） 阅读下面短文，第 31-44 小题从所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，第45小题在答题纸规定区域作答。
Our lives would not be the same without bees. Bees help plants grow. Many of these plants provide us with food. What would happen if there were no bees Some fruits and vegetables that we enjoy could not grow. Bees are wonderful creatures.
But now the number of bees is getting lower and lower. Scientists worry that bees may die off. How can we solve it One answer is to make our gardens friendly to bees.
Making our gardens bee-friendly can increase the number of bees. Planting a bee garden is a great idea. These gardens provide bees with nectar. A successful bee garden would have flowers from spring to fall. The garden would have all kinds of plants that are closely grouped together. Many people believe that all bees live in hives. In fact, some bees dig into the ground. There they build nests and lay eggs. People lay wood pieces or other things on the ground. Bees can not dig nests when these materials cover the ground. Here is another good way to help bees. When you are working outside, leave loose dirt in flower beds and gardens.
Some bees' nests are in old pieces of wood while others' in holes, in buildings or in trees. Gardens can provide spaces like these for bees. Trees or walls that stop wind are a good idea. And cool areas also can help bees get away from the hot sun. Bee gardens also provide bees with water. Bees need water just like people do
Making a garden friendly for bees is far from a useless task. The results are worth the efforts. A bee-friendly garden is beautiful and colorful. Most importantly, it helps to keep bees healthy and happy.
32．Bees are important to us because ____.
A．the number of bees is low
B．they are helpful to plant growth
C．they are wonderful creatures
D．they make our gardens beautiful
33．The activities can help build a bee-friendly garden except____.
A．laying wood pieces on the ground
B．planting as many flowers as possible
C．providing spaces that keep bees from wind.
D．clearing materials on the ground in the garden.
34．What can we learn from the first sentence in Paragraph 6
A．Bees are disappearing from our environment.
B．reating a bee friendly garden is easier than we think.
C．Making a garden friendly for bees is of great importance.
D．Sometimes what we do for a bee friendly garden is useless.
35． The purpose of the passage is mainly to introduce____.
A．Bees' living places B．a new use of a garden
C．a way to protect bees D．some fun facts about bees
答案解析部分
【答案】1．C
2．C
3．D
【知识点】社会历史类；自然地理类；说明文；细节理解
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了博迪州立历史公园。
【点评】考查阅读理解。应仔细读取图中信息，再选出正确答案。
1．细节题。根据文中Staying in the Bodie Hills可知住在博迪山，故选C。
2．细节题。根据图中右上角的Some of the old buildings still stand. People built this small house in 1884.可知一些古老的建筑仍然屹立不倒。人们在1884年建造了这座小房子。故选C。
3．细节题。根据图中时间轴可知，介绍了不同时间发生在博迪的事情，故选D。
【答案】4．D
5．B
6．C
7．D
【知识点】环保类；说明文；细节理解
【解析】【分析】本文主要讲了塑料垃圾问题的严重性以及带来的巨大危害。
【点评】考查阅读理解，首先浏览题意，然后从文中抓住关键词句理解句意确定答案。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段Scientists couldn't see the plastic until they put the rainwater they collected under a microscope. Once they did that,they found tiny pieces of plastic in 90 percent of the rain samples.科学家们直到把收集到的雨水放在显微镜下才看到塑料。一旦他们这样做了，他们在90%的雨水样本中发现了微小的塑料碎片，推断塑料污染已经是一个严重的问题。故选D。
5．推理判断题。根据第二段It's a problem all around the world.它是一个世界问题，推断空格处要表达的含义为：它不是一个美国的问题。故选B。
6．细节判断题。根据第二段And just because we can't see the plastic doesn't mean it's not there. Scientists have found tons of plastic in the oceans,as well as in sea animals and plants. Even the human body can't resist microplastics.我们看不到塑料并不意味着它不存在。科学家们在海洋以及海洋动物和植物中发现了成吨的塑料。甚至人体也无法抵抗微塑料，可知环境中的塑料比我们看到的多。故选C。
7．推理判断题。根据最后一段Experts say we can reduce our exposure to plastic by limiting the amount of plastic products we use every day and by not washing our clothes too much.专家表示，我们可以通过限制每天使用塑料制品的数量，以及不要过度洗衣服来减少与塑料的接触，推断少用塑料袋可以帮助我们减少接触塑料。故选D。
【答案】8．A
9．D
10．D
11．B
12．C
【知识点】旅游观光类；应用文；细节理解
【解析】【分析】主要讲了四个景点的介绍。
【点评】考查阅读理解，首先读懂选项意思，然后从表格抓住关键词句确定答案。
8．细节题。根据第一个表格Now people still wonder how these people moved the huge stones without machines' help.可知现在人们仍然在想，这些人是如何在没有机器帮助的情况下移动巨石的，故选A。
9．细节题。根据第三个表格Tenzing and Edmund were the earliest to arrive at the top可知丹增和埃德蒙是最早到达顶峰的，故选D。
10．细节题。根据第四个表格Most tourists enjoy walking round the lakes and climbing mountains.可知大多数游客喜欢绕湖散步和爬山，故选D。
11．细节题。根据第三个表格Heavy snow, cold wind and thin oxygen (氧气)，Mount Qomolangma seems to say no to any climber who dreams about making it to the top of the world.大雪、寒风和稀薄的氧气，珠穆朗玛峰似乎对任何梦想登上世界之巅的登山者说不，可知困难是大雪、寒风和稀薄的氧气，故选B。
12．细节题。A.日记；B.新闻报道；C.旅游杂志；D.一首诗。根据The following mainly introduces four top tourist spots (景点).可知讲的是旅游景点，所以在旅游杂志上出现，故选C。
【答案】13．B
14．A
15．C
【知识点】自然地理类；说明文；细节理解
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章是关于动物们不同的降温方法。作者列举了狗、猪、河马和大象的降温方法。
【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
13．细节理解题。根据They are talking about how they like to cool themselves down during the hot summer.可知，动物们正在谈论不同的降温方法。故选B。
14．细节理解题。根据The dog: We dogs pant to keep cool. Panting drives out hot air and brings in cooler air. It helps quickly evaporate* water in our mouths to make our body temperature lower.可知，狗通过它的嘴使温度降低。故选A。
15．细节归纳题。根据语句 The pig: We are different. We found another way to cool ourselves down. We enjoy rollingaround in mud* on hot summer days. Mud keeps us cool longer than water on its own, because the muddy water evaporates more slowly.及The hippo: We hippos like to roll in mud to cool ourselves down, too. 可知，猪和河马都喜欢在泥浆中滚动来保持凉爽。故选C。
【答案】16．D
17．C
18．B
19．D
【知识点】旅游观光类；说明文；细节理解
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了故宫的历史和文化产品。
【点评】考查阅读理解。首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住问题关键词，在文中寻找答案。联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，确定答案。然后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。
16．细节理解题。根据第二段The museum can provide a large amount of valuable material for today's historical research, as well as inspiration (灵感) for literature and entertainment.（ 博物馆可以为今天的历史研究提供大量有价值的资料，也可以为文学和娱乐提供灵感。 ）可知， 故宫博物院这么多年来一直很受欢迎是因为有价值的研究材料、面向公众的有趣展示和面向文学的伟大灵感，但没有提到“ 面向市场的创意产品 ”。故选D。
17．词义猜测题。根据第三段 More than 200 cats are living in the palace where they are being well cared for. （ 皇宫里住着200多只猫，它们在那里受到很好的照顾。 ）可知，下划线词所在句的意思是“ 这些毛绒绒的家伙经常漫无目的地四处游荡，摆出各种可爱的姿势，逗得经常和他们互动的游客开心不已。 ”下划线词“roam”的意思是“走”。故选C。
18．推理判断题。 "Apart from giving people a chance to learn about history, the Palace Museum is also creative in marketing. "的汉语意思是“ 故宫除了给人们提供了解历史的机会外，在市场营销方面也很有创意 ”。根据Over the last ten years, the museum has produced more than 10,000 cultural products about the imperial palace, ranging from fans, notebooks to apps and decorations.（近十年来，故宫博物院推出了1万多件与故宫有关的文化产品，包括粉丝、笔记本电脑、应用软件和装饰品等。 ）可知，此处与创意文化产品有关，“ 故宫除了给人们提供了解历史的机会外，在市场营销方面也很有创意 ”可以放在此处。故选B。
19．推理判断题。根据第三段Over the last ten years, the museum has produced more than 10,000 cultural products about the imperial palace, ranging from fans, notebooks to apps and decorations.（近十年来，故宫博物院推出了1万多件与故宫有关的文化产品，包括粉丝、笔记本电脑、应用软件和装饰品等。 ）和第四段 The most popular products are the royal cats. （ 最受欢迎的产品是皇家猫。 ）推理可知， 故宫博物院将通过其产品更受欢迎。 故选D。
【答案】20．B
21．D
22．D
23．C
【知识点】自然地理类；科普类；记叙文；细节理解
【解析】【分析】短文大意：这篇文章主要介绍了火星的名称起源以及火星的物理环境等。
【点评】考查阅读理解。先分析问题，弄清题意。然后带着问题阅读短文，从短文的细节中找出细节理解问题答案。
20．细节理解题。根据The ancient Greeks called the planet Ares after their god of war. 可知希腊人把火星称为阿瑞斯，故选B。
21．细节理解题。根据One day on Mars is called a sol and is about 40 minutes longer than one Earth day. 在地球一天24小时，为24*60=1440分钟，火星一天比地球长40分钟可知为1480分钟，故选D。
22．细节理解题。根据The Red Planet's surface gravity* is only 37% as strong as Earth's, meaning you would be able to jump nearly two times higher on Mars. 可知在火星上跳得比在地球上高出近两倍，只有选项D图片显示了火星上跳得比在地球上跳得高两倍，故选D。
23．文章出处题。这篇文章主要介绍了火星的起源及其物理环境，是属于科学探究，可知是出自科普读物，故选C。
【答案】24．D
25．B
26．B
【知识点】旅游观光类；说明文；细节理解
【解析】【分析】短文大意：这是一篇上海地铁地图。
【点评】考查阅读理解。这个一个地图分析题，先分析问题，弄清题意，然后认真观察地图，根据地图找出问题答案。
24．细节理解题。根据地图8号线可知延吉中路和四平路都在同一个线上，故选D。
25．细节理解题。根据地图2号线可知从中山公园道淮海路要经过五站。故选B。
26．推理判断题。这个上海地铁地图，可知是在地铁站能看到，故选B。
27．【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）D
（4）B
【知识点】科普类；环保类；说明文；细节理解
【解析】【分析】这篇文章讲的是随着科技的发展，一种新型手机将要问世，这种手机的外壳能解决手机的浪费和污染问题。根据科学家们的说法可生物降解的覆盖物可以减少对自然的危害。这种手机报废之后，可以把它埋在花下面，种子会发芽，花儿会开放，从而起到保护环境的作用。
（1）细节理解题。根据第三段 As phones are developing so quickly, people are always throwing their mobiles away. 可知，人们现在把使用过的手机扔掉。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据二段It is hoped that the new kind of phone will encourage users to recycle*. Scientists have come up with a new material*over the last five years. It looks like any other plastic*and can be hard or soft, and able to change shape. But after some time, it can also break down without polluting the environment.人们希望这种新型手机能鼓励用户回收利用*。在过去的五年里，科学家们发明了一种新材料。它看起来和其他塑料一样，可以是硬的也可以是软的，并且可以改变形状。但经过一段时间后，它也可以在不污染环境的情况下分解。由此可知，科学家做这种研究的目的是解决环境问题。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据第二段 We've only put sunflower seeds into the cover so far. But we are trying to find out which flowers would be the best. Maybe we could put roses in next time.可知，其它花也可能用在这种新型手机中，故选D。
（4）标题题。根据第一段 When you have finished with your mobile phone, you will be able to bury* it in the garden and wait for it to flower. 可知，你可以把报废的手机埋在花园里，等待开花。这是提出问题。第二段进行实验验证：采用特殊材料外壳的手面种植在花下面，可以生物降解，减少环境污染。最后一段是结论。由此可知这篇文章最好的标题是“种植你的手机”，故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解。首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
【答案】28．A
29．D
30．C
31．D
【知识点】科普类；说明文；航天事业发展
【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述了美国宇航局在太空探索方面最近取得的令人兴奋的进展。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题，推断题，词义猜测题和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
28．细节题。根据It can see through dust in the universe and find new stars hiding inside those clouds，可知詹姆斯·韦伯太空望远镜能够看见宇宙中的尘埃，故选A。
29．词义猜测题。根据It will be used to keep Earth safe from asteroids它将被用来保护地球免受小行星的伤害，可知可知DART太空飞船是NASA的另一个突破，故breakthrough的意思是development发展，故选D。
30．细节题。根据we have the Mega Moon Rocket! This rocket is the most powerful one ever made and it's being used to help us get closer to Mars，可知巨型月球火箭可以帮助我们更接近火星是正确的，故选C。
31．主旨题。通读全文，可知本文介绍了美国宇航局在不同领域取得了太空探索的进展，故选D。
【答案】32．B
33．A
34．C
35．C
【知识点】科普类；说明文；常见的动物及其生活环境；动物养殖
【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述的是蜜蜂数量急剧减少，文中给出了解决方法一建造蜜蜂友好型花园。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题，推断题，和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
32．细节题。根据Our lives would not be the same without bees. Bees help plants grow，可知蜜蜂对我们来说很重要，因为它们对植物生长有益，故选B。
33．细节题。根据三，四，五段的描述，可知除了将木片放在地面上之外，尽可能种植更多的花卉，为蜜蜂提供躲避风的空间，清理花园里地上的材料动都可以有助于建造一个蜜蜂友好的花园，故选A。
34．推断题。根据Making a garden friendly for bees is far from a useless task打造一个对蜜蜂友好的花园绝非无用的任务，可知的意思是让花园对蜜蜂友好非常重要，故选C。
35．主旨题。本文主要讲述的是蜜蜂数量急剧减少，文中给出了解决方法一建造蜜蜂友好型花园，可知文章的主要目的是介绍一种保护蜜蜂的方式，故选C。
1 / 1（浙江省）九年级上学期2024年开学启航·英语题型精训营：阅读理解（人与自然）
一、阅读理解
（2023九上·杭州开学考）阅读选择
1．Where is Bodie State Historic Park
A．In the old town. B．Near an old building.
C．In the Bodie Hills. D．Behind the Bodie Hills.
2．When did people build the small house
A．In 1859. B．In 1932. C．In 1884. D．In 1962.
3．What can we learn from the timeline (时间轴)
A．The history of some state parks.
B．People's daily life in Bodie Hills.
C．Some important years in California.
D．The history of Bodie State Historic Park.
【答案】1．C
2．C
3．D
【知识点】社会历史类；自然地理类；说明文；细节理解
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了博迪州立历史公园。
【点评】考查阅读理解。应仔细读取图中信息，再选出正确答案。
1．细节题。根据文中Staying in the Bodie Hills可知住在博迪山，故选C。
2．细节题。根据图中右上角的Some of the old buildings still stand. People built this small house in 1884.可知一些古老的建筑仍然屹立不倒。人们在1884年建造了这座小房子。故选C。
3．细节题。根据图中时间轴可知，介绍了不同时间发生在博迪的事情，故选D。
（2022九上·温州开学考）阅读短文，回答问题
It's
raining plastic! No, plastic bottles and bags are not dropping down from
overhead. But plastic is in raindrops. A study by the U. S. Department of the
Interior and the U. S. Geological Survey showed tiny pieces of plastic in
rainfall in Denver and Boulder, Colorado. Scientists couldn't see the plastic
until they put the rainwater they collected under a microscope. Once they did
that, they found tiny pieces of plastic in 90 percent of the rain samples.
▲ It's a problem
all around the world. Scientists haven't figured out just how widespread
plastic pollution is, but they think that microplastics have probably find
their way into every part of the environment. And just because we can't see the
plastic doesn't mean it's not there. Scientists have found tons of plastic in
the oceans, as well as in sea animals and plants. Even the human body can't
resist microplastics.
No one's
certain how microplastics have gotten all over the place. But really, it's no
secret that we use a lot of plastic. It's commonly found in packaging, bags, electronics,
and even in some of our clothes. Scientists think little pieces of plastic may
be breaking off every time when we wash our clothes or just use something that
contains plastic. That just may be how the rain samples in the study ended up
containing so much of plastic.
OK, so
there's a lot of plastic. Is it bad for us Scientists are still studying the
long-term effects of plastic exposure on people. But there's some research that
suggests it may be harmful. In one study, microplastics were fed to mice, and
they messed up the mice's gut microbiomes. Scientists know that when people's
gut microbiomes are messed with, they are more likely to develop diseases like
obesity and type 2 diabetes.
Sounds
like we should all just avoid plastic to be on the safe side. That's easier
said than done. Plastic is everywhere. It's impossible to avoid completely. Experts
say we can reduce our exposure to plastic by limiting the amount of plastic
products we use every day and by not washing our clothes too much. Both of
those shed plastic into the environment. Still, there's a long way to go.
4．Through the study, scientists found that .
A．three cities in the US are raining plastic
B．we could find plastic in all the rain samples
C．microplastic can't get into human bodies
D．plastic pollution is already a serious problem
5．Which of the following can be put in ▲ in Paragraph 2
A．What a useful study it is!
B．It's not a problem in America.
C．It's cool to find plastic in raindrops.
D．Let's see what the problem really is.
6．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．Microplastics are harmful to humans but do no harm to mice.
B．Exposure to plastic will make people develop type I diabetes.
C．There is much more plastic in our environment than we can see.
D．Scientists have found out why there is so much plastic in our life.
7．What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．Experts will find ways to avoid plastic completely soon.
B．It's easy for people to avoid plastic to be on the safe side.
C．We need to wash our clothes to keep the environment clean.
D．Using fewer plastic bags helps us reduce exposure to plastic.
【答案】4．D
5．B
6．C
7．D
【知识点】环保类；说明文；细节理解
【解析】【分析】本文主要讲了塑料垃圾问题的严重性以及带来的巨大危害。
【点评】考查阅读理解，首先浏览题意，然后从文中抓住关键词句理解句意确定答案。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段Scientists couldn't see the plastic until they put the rainwater they collected under a microscope. Once they did that,they found tiny pieces of plastic in 90 percent of the rain samples.科学家们直到把收集到的雨水放在显微镜下才看到塑料。一旦他们这样做了，他们在90%的雨水样本中发现了微小的塑料碎片，推断塑料污染已经是一个严重的问题。故选D。
5．推理判断题。根据第二段It's a problem all around the world.它是一个世界问题，推断空格处要表达的含义为：它不是一个美国的问题。故选B。
6．细节判断题。根据第二段And just because we can't see the plastic doesn't mean it's not there. Scientists have found tons of plastic in the oceans,as well as in sea animals and plants. Even the human body can't resist microplastics.我们看不到塑料并不意味着它不存在。科学家们在海洋以及海洋动物和植物中发现了成吨的塑料。甚至人体也无法抵抗微塑料，可知环境中的塑料比我们看到的多。故选C。
7．推理判断题。根据最后一段Experts say we can reduce our exposure to plastic by limiting the amount of plastic products we use every day and by not washing our clothes too much.专家表示，我们可以通过限制每天使用塑料制品的数量，以及不要过度洗衣服来减少与塑料的接触，推断少用塑料袋可以帮助我们减少接触塑料。故选D。
（2022九上·温州开学考）阅读短文，回答问题
The following mainly introduces four top tourist spots (景点).
Stonehenge With a history of about 5,000 years, Stonehenge is one of the world wonders. It's a circle of stones of different heights. The stones used to be about 200 kilometers away. Now people still wonder how these people moved the huge stones without machines' help.
Louvre Museum No visit to Paris is complete without a trip to Louvre Museum, one of the largest and most famous art museums in the world. About 35,000 works of art from different centuries are on show, of which the Mona Lisa is the best-known.
Mount Qomolangma Heavy snow, cold wind and thin oxygen (氧气)，Mount Qomolangma seems to say no to any climber who dreams about making it to the top of the world. Tenzing and Edmund were the earliest to arrive at the top, but they were up there for just 15 minutes before coming down.
Lake District National Park In the north of England lies Lake District National Park, which is very beautiful, with hills, lakes and forest. Most tourists enjoy walking round the lakes and climbing mountains. Lake District National Park is also a perfect place to paint the beautiful countryside.
8．People are still wondering how ancient people _____________.
A．managed to move the stones B．made different stones
C．walked 200 kilometers D．wrote the history of machines
9．We can learn from the passage that _____________.
A．Stonehenge has a history of five hundred years
B．Lake District National Park is in the south of England
C．The works of art in Louvre Museum are from the same century
D．Tenzing and Edmund were the first to reach the top of Qomolangma
10．_____________ is a great choice to enjoy walking around the lakes.
A．Stonehenge B．Louvre Museum
C．Mount Qomolangma D．Lake District National Park
11．The following make it difficult to reach the top of Qomolangma EXCEPT _____________.
A．heavy snow B．large lakes C．cold wind D．thin oxygen
12．The passage is probably taken from _____________.
A．a diary B．a news report C．a travel guide D．a poem
【答案】8．A
9．D
10．D
11．B
12．C
【知识点】旅游观光类；应用文；细节理解
【解析】【分析】主要讲了四个景点的介绍。
【点评】考查阅读理解，首先读懂选项意思，然后从表格抓住关键词句确定答案。
8．细节题。根据第一个表格Now people still wonder how these people moved the huge stones without machines' help.可知现在人们仍然在想，这些人是如何在没有机器帮助的情况下移动巨石的，故选A。
9．细节题。根据第三个表格Tenzing and Edmund were the earliest to arrive at the top可知丹增和埃德蒙是最早到达顶峰的，故选D。
10．细节题。根据第四个表格Most tourists enjoy walking round the lakes and climbing mountains.可知大多数游客喜欢绕湖散步和爬山，故选D。
11．细节题。根据第三个表格Heavy snow, cold wind and thin oxygen (氧气)，Mount Qomolangma seems to say no to any climber who dreams about making it to the top of the world.大雪、寒风和稀薄的氧气，珠穆朗玛峰似乎对任何梦想登上世界之巅的登山者说不，可知困难是大雪、寒风和稀薄的氧气，故选B。
12．细节题。A.日记；B.新闻报道；C.旅游杂志；D.一首诗。根据The following mainly introduces four top tourist spots (景点).可知讲的是旅游景点，所以在旅游杂志上出现，故选C。
（2021九上·永嘉开学考）阅读下面短文，客观题从每小题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。
PHEW! It's so hot today. A group of animals are resting under a big tree. They are talking about how they like to cool themselves down during the hot summer.
The dog: We dogs pant to keep cool. Panting drives out hot air and brings in cooler air. It helps quickly evaporate water in our mouths to make our body temperature lower. The pig: We are different. We found another way to cool ourselves down. We enjoy rollingaround in mud* on hot summer days. Mud keeps us cool longer than water on its own, because the muddy water evaporates more slowly. The hippo: We hippos like to roll in mud to cool ourselves down, too. The dog: Mr. Hippo, your sweat is red. Do you sweat blood The hippo: My clever friend, you are wrong this time. In fact, it isn't sweat. It helps to protect our skin from the sun and the dryness. The elephant: Wow, you make your own sunscreen! We elephants have our own fans! Our large ears can keep ourselves cool, just like fans.
13．The animals are talking about ___________.
A．the best way to protect themselves B．different ways to cool down
C．the best place to spend hot summer D．different places to keep cool
14．________ lowers its temperature through its mouth.
A．The dog B．The pig C．The hippo D．The elephant
15．Both the pig and the hippo like to keep themselves cool by ___________.
A．panting B．producing sweat
C．rolling in mud D．flapping ears
【答案】13．B
14．A
15．C
【知识点】自然地理类；说明文；细节理解
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章是关于动物们不同的降温方法。作者列举了狗、猪、河马和大象的降温方法。
【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
13．细节理解题。根据They are talking about how they like to cool themselves down during the hot summer.可知，动物们正在谈论不同的降温方法。故选B。
14．细节理解题。根据The dog: We dogs pant to keep cool. Panting drives out hot air and brings in cooler air. It helps quickly evaporate* water in our mouths to make our body temperature lower.可知，狗通过它的嘴使温度降低。故选A。
15．细节归纳题。根据语句 The pig: We are different. We found another way to cool ourselves down. We enjoy rollingaround in mud* on hot summer days. Mud keeps us cool longer than water on its own, because the muddy water evaporates more slowly.及The hippo: We hippos like to roll in mud to cool ourselves down, too. 可知，猪和河马都喜欢在泥浆中滚动来保持凉爽。故选C。
（2021九上·鄞州开学考）阅读理解
Happy birthday, the Palace Museum! As
once an area of emperors and royal yard, the Palace Museum celebrated its 600th
birthday on Aug. 14th, 2020. Though it was closed to the public for
a while during the outbreak (疫情期间), it
still received billions of wishes from all directions.
① Built
in 1420, the palace recorded lives of important people through various
treasures and documents. The museum can provide a large amount of valuable
material for today's historical research, as well as inspiration (灵感) for literature and entertainment.
② Over
the last ten years, the museum has produced more than 10,000 cultural products
about the imperial palace, ranging from fans, notebooks to apps and
decorations.
③ The
most popular products are the royal cats. The items are inspired by the real
cats who call the Palace Museum home. More than 200 cats are living in the
palace where they are being well cared for. These furry guys often roam around without purpose and
pose lovely to the delight of visitors, who often can interact with them.
④ "The
primary reason why the Palace Museum has become so popular among people is that
it keeps the right balance between preserving history, sharing knowledge, and
providing interesting displays," said Shan Jixiang, former director and
curator of the museum.
16．The Palace Museum has been popular for years NOT because of its _____________.
A．valuable material for research B．interesting displays for public
C．great inspiration for literature D．creative products for market
17．The underlined word "roam" in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to "__________".
A．dance B．eat C．walk D．jump
18．Where can we best put "Apart from giving people a chance to learn about history, the Palace Museum is also creative in marketing. "
A．① B．② C．③ D．④
19．We can infer(推断) from the passage that the Palace Museum _________.
A．gets a large number of wishes from people
B．preserves history for more than 600 years
C．is good at selling royal cats in the market
D．will be more popular through its products
【答案】16．D
17．C
18．B
19．D
【知识点】旅游观光类；说明文；细节理解
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了故宫的历史和文化产品。
【点评】考查阅读理解。首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住问题关键词，在文中寻找答案。联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，确定答案。然后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。
16．细节理解题。根据第二段The museum can provide a large amount of valuable material for today's historical research, as well as inspiration (灵感) for literature and entertainment.（ 博物馆可以为今天的历史研究提供大量有价值的资料，也可以为文学和娱乐提供灵感。 ）可知， 故宫博物院这么多年来一直很受欢迎是因为有价值的研究材料、面向公众的有趣展示和面向文学的伟大灵感，但没有提到“ 面向市场的创意产品 ”。故选D。
17．词义猜测题。根据第三段 More than 200 cats are living in the palace where they are being well cared for. （ 皇宫里住着200多只猫，它们在那里受到很好的照顾。 ）可知，下划线词所在句的意思是“ 这些毛绒绒的家伙经常漫无目的地四处游荡，摆出各种可爱的姿势，逗得经常和他们互动的游客开心不已。 ”下划线词“roam”的意思是“走”。故选C。
18．推理判断题。 "Apart from giving people a chance to learn about history, the Palace Museum is also creative in marketing. "的汉语意思是“ 故宫除了给人们提供了解历史的机会外，在市场营销方面也很有创意 ”。根据Over the last ten years, the museum has produced more than 10,000 cultural products about the imperial palace, ranging from fans, notebooks to apps and decorations.（近十年来，故宫博物院推出了1万多件与故宫有关的文化产品，包括粉丝、笔记本电脑、应用软件和装饰品等。 ）可知，此处与创意文化产品有关，“ 故宫除了给人们提供了解历史的机会外，在市场营销方面也很有创意 ”可以放在此处。故选B。
19．推理判断题。根据第三段Over the last ten years, the museum has produced more than 10,000 cultural products about the imperial palace, ranging from fans, notebooks to apps and decorations.（近十年来，故宫博物院推出了1万多件与故宫有关的文化产品，包括粉丝、笔记本电脑、应用软件和装饰品等。 ）和第四段 The most popular products are the royal cats. （ 最受欢迎的产品是皇家猫。 ）推理可知， 故宫博物院将通过其产品更受欢迎。 故选D。
（2020九上·温州开学考）阅读理解
Why is it called Mars You might have asked yourself this before. Well, Mars is the name of the Roman god of war. People have seen the planet as a symbol of war for thousands of years. The ancient Greeks called the planet Ares after their god of war. Chinese people called it the "fire star" for the same reason.
Scientists have been interested in the planet since long before any space tasks. Egyptian scientists first saw Mars in the sky more than 4,000 years ago. Since then, people from all over the world have studied the planet.
Over the years, scientists have continued to study the planet and learned some basic things about it.
Mars is 10 times lighter and about 6 times smaller than Earth. Earth is 93 million miles (about 150 million km) from the sun, while Mars is 142 million miles away. That means it is much colder on Mars. In fact, the average temperature on Mars is - 62℃. Scientists found water on Mars long ago, but because of the low temperatures there, it is frozen. One day on Mars is called a sol and is about 40 minutes longer than one Earth day. The Red Planet's surface gravity* is only 37% as strong as Earth's, meaning you would be able to jump nearly two times higher on Mars.
20．What did the ancient Greeks call Mars
A．Mars B．Ares
C．The "fire star" D．The Red Planet
21．Which of the following is TRUE about Mars
A．Chinese scientists first saw Mars.
B．Mars is lighter and bigger than Earth.
C．Earth is farther from the sun than Mars.
D．A sol is about 1480 minutes.
22．An astronaut may jump like _______________ on Mars.
A． B．
C． D．
23．The passage is probably taken from a(an) _______________.
A．history book B．story book C．science book D．art book
【答案】20．B
21．D
22．D
23．C
【知识点】自然地理类；科普类；记叙文；细节理解
【解析】【分析】短文大意：这篇文章主要介绍了火星的名称起源以及火星的物理环境等。
【点评】考查阅读理解。先分析问题，弄清题意。然后带着问题阅读短文，从短文的细节中找出细节理解问题答案。
20．细节理解题。根据The ancient Greeks called the planet Ares after their god of war. 可知希腊人把火星称为阿瑞斯，故选B。
21．细节理解题。根据One day on Mars is called a sol and is about 40 minutes longer than one Earth day. 在地球一天24小时，为24*60=1440分钟，火星一天比地球长40分钟可知为1480分钟，故选D。
22．细节理解题。根据The Red Planet's surface gravity* is only 37% as strong as Earth's, meaning you would be able to jump nearly two times higher on Mars. 可知在火星上跳得比在地球上高出近两倍，只有选项D图片显示了火星上跳得比在地球上跳得高两倍，故选D。
23．文章出处题。这篇文章主要介绍了火星的起源及其物理环境，是属于科学探究，可知是出自科普读物，故选C。
（2020九上·温州开学考）阅读理解
What can you take in Shanghai Subway must be your first choice!
24．Lingling is in Yanjizhonglu now, she can take _______________ to Sipinglu.
A．Line 1 B．Line 2 C．Line3. D．Line 8
25．If Lingling wants to go to Huaihailu from Zhong Shan Park, at least, she needs to go through _______________ stops.
A．3 B．5 C．8 D．9
26．Where can we always find this map
A．In hospitals. B．In stations.
C．At Schools. D．In restaurants.
【答案】24．D
25．B
26．B
【知识点】旅游观光类；说明文；细节理解
【解析】【分析】短文大意：这是一篇上海地铁地图。
【点评】考查阅读理解。这个一个地图分析题，先分析问题，弄清题意，然后认真观察地图，根据地图找出问题答案。
24．细节理解题。根据地图8号线可知延吉中路和四平路都在同一个线上，故选D。
25．细节理解题。根据地图2号线可知从中山公园道淮海路要经过五站。故选B。
26．推理判断题。这个上海地铁地图，可知是在地铁站能看到，故选B。
27．（2020九上·瑞安开学考）阅读理解
A sunflower is a sunflower. A mobile
phone is a mobile phone. But can you put the two together to do something for
your local environment As early as next year it may well be possible. When you
have finished with your mobile phone, you will be able to bury* it in the garden
and wait for it to flower.
A biodegradable* mobile phone was ,this
month, introduced by scientists. It is hoped that the new kind of phone will
encourage users to recycle*. Scientists have come up with a new material*over
the last five years. It looks like any other plastic*and can be hard or soft,
and able to change shape. But after some time, it can also break down without
polluting the environment. British researchers used the new material to develop
a phone cover with a sunflower seed. When this cover turns into waste, it forms
nitrates*. These feed the seed and help the flower grow. "We've only put
sunflower seeds into the cover so far. But we are trying to find out which
flowers would be the best. Maybe we could put roses in next time." said
one scientist.
As phones are developing so quickly,
people are always throwing their mobiles away. This means producers have to
find ways of recycling them. About 650 million mobile phones have been sold
this year. Most of them will be thrown away in two years, leaving plastic*,
heavy metal and other waste to the environment. A biodegradable cover can
reduce the harm to nature, according to the scientists. "The seed
sprouts*and the flower grows so you don't have to worry about the phone when
you have finished using it," said Kerry Kirwan, the leader of the research
team, which is based at the University of Warwick in Britain.
（1）What do people do with the used mobile phone now
A．They throw it away. B．They bury it in the garden.
C．They recycle it. D．They turn it into nitrates.
（2）Scientists do this kind of research in order to __________.
A． make mobile phones more beautiful
B．solve environmental problems
C． find a new way to grow flowers
D． produce more mobile phones
（3）We can guess from the passage that __________.
A．the new kind of mobile phones is already on the market
B． about 650 mobile phones will be thrown away
C．the new kind of mobile phones is not useful to the environment
D．other flowers may be used in the new kind of mobile phones
（4）Which can be the best title of the passage
A． Sunflower and Phone B． Plant your Phone
C．Protect our Environment D． No Worry about Phone
【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）D
（4）B
【知识点】科普类；环保类；说明文；细节理解
【解析】【分析】这篇文章讲的是随着科技的发展，一种新型手机将要问世，这种手机的外壳能解决手机的浪费和污染问题。根据科学家们的说法可生物降解的覆盖物可以减少对自然的危害。这种手机报废之后，可以把它埋在花下面，种子会发芽，花儿会开放，从而起到保护环境的作用。
（1）细节理解题。根据第三段 As phones are developing so quickly, people are always throwing their mobiles away. 可知，人们现在把使用过的手机扔掉。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据二段It is hoped that the new kind of phone will encourage users to recycle*. Scientists have come up with a new material*over the last five years. It looks like any other plastic*and can be hard or soft, and able to change shape. But after some time, it can also break down without polluting the environment.人们希望这种新型手机能鼓励用户回收利用*。在过去的五年里，科学家们发明了一种新材料。它看起来和其他塑料一样，可以是硬的也可以是软的，并且可以改变形状。但经过一段时间后，它也可以在不污染环境的情况下分解。由此可知，科学家做这种研究的目的是解决环境问题。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据第二段 We've only put sunflower seeds into the cover so far. But we are trying to find out which flowers would be the best. Maybe we could put roses in next time.可知，其它花也可能用在这种新型手机中，故选D。
（4）标题题。根据第一段 When you have finished with your mobile phone, you will be able to bury* it in the garden and wait for it to flower. 可知，你可以把报废的手机埋在花园里，等待开花。这是提出问题。第二段进行实验验证：采用特殊材料外壳的手面种植在花下面，可以生物降解，减少环境污染。最后一段是结论。由此可知这篇文章最好的标题是“种植你的手机”，故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解。首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
（2023九上·温州开学考） 阅读下面短文，第 31-44 小题从所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，第45小题在答题纸规定区域作答。
NASA has been trying hard to explore the space. The recent developments include, the launch of the James Webb Space Telescope, the successful asteroid hit by the Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) spaceship, and the launch of the most powerful rocket ever built for the Artemis mission. The James Webb Space Telescope is the biggest and most powerful telescope ever built. It can see through dust in the universe and find new stars hiding inside those clouds. Even more exciting, it will try to find signs of Life on planets far away!
The telescope has been working for more than a year and has caught some amazing images and data. One example is an image of a huge star called Wolf-Rayet 124, which weighs about 10
times heavier than our sun, reported the Space website.
DART spaceship is another breakthrough for NASA. It will be used to keep Earth safe from asteroids. In September 2022, NASA tested it by hitting an asteroid called Dimorphos. The goal was to change its orbit
Finally, we have the Mega Moon Rocket! This rocket is the most powerful one ever made and it's being used to help us get closer to Mars. NASA successfully launched it on Nov 16, 2022, and it had a 26-day trip around the moon. This is the first step of NASA's Artemis mission, which plans to set up a base on the moon for people to use in the future.
Despite the program's high cost, NASA believes that the Artemis project is worth it as it will be a key next step in the story of human exploration. As NASA administrator Bill Nelson told the BBC, "This time we' re going to learn how to live in that bad environment for long periods of time all with the purpose of one day going to Mars. "
28．The James Webb Space Telescope____.
A．can see through dust in the universe
B．can' t catch images and data of the star
C．can find signs of life on planets far away
D．can' t find new stars hiding inside those clouds
29．The underlined word "breakthrough" in Paragraph 3 means "____"
A．example B．invention C．exploration D．development
30．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．The Artemis project is worth it because of high cost.
B．DART spaceship had a 26-day trip around the moon.
C．The Mega Moon Rocket can help us get nearer to Mars.
D．The James Webb Space Telescope has been working for a year.
31．What is the passage mainly about
A．NASA has launched the Mega Moon Rocket.
B．NASA has discovered a huge star and an asteroid.
C．NASA has developed the James Webb Space Telescope.
D．NASA has made space exploration progress in different areas.
【答案】28．A
29．D
30．C
31．D
【知识点】科普类；说明文；航天事业发展
【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述了美国宇航局在太空探索方面最近取得的令人兴奋的进展。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题，推断题，词义猜测题和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
28．细节题。根据It can see through dust in the universe and find new stars hiding inside those clouds，可知詹姆斯·韦伯太空望远镜能够看见宇宙中的尘埃，故选A。
29．词义猜测题。根据It will be used to keep Earth safe from asteroids它将被用来保护地球免受小行星的伤害，可知可知DART太空飞船是NASA的另一个突破，故breakthrough的意思是development发展，故选D。
30．细节题。根据we have the Mega Moon Rocket! This rocket is the most powerful one ever made and it's being used to help us get closer to Mars，可知巨型月球火箭可以帮助我们更接近火星是正确的，故选C。
31．主旨题。通读全文，可知本文介绍了美国宇航局在不同领域取得了太空探索的进展，故选D。
（2023九上·温州开学考） 阅读下面短文，第 31-44 小题从所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，第45小题在答题纸规定区域作答。
Our lives would not be the same without bees. Bees help plants grow. Many of these plants provide us with food. What would happen if there were no bees Some fruits and vegetables that we enjoy could not grow. Bees are wonderful creatures.
But now the number of bees is getting lower and lower. Scientists worry that bees may die off. How can we solve it One answer is to make our gardens friendly to bees.
Making our gardens bee-friendly can increase the number of bees. Planting a bee garden is a great idea. These gardens provide bees with nectar. A successful bee garden would have flowers from spring to fall. The garden would have all kinds of plants that are closely grouped together. Many people believe that all bees live in hives. In fact, some bees dig into the ground. There they build nests and lay eggs. People lay wood pieces or other things on the ground. Bees can not dig nests when these materials cover the ground. Here is another good way to help bees. When you are working outside, leave loose dirt in flower beds and gardens.
Some bees' nests are in old pieces of wood while others' in holes, in buildings or in trees. Gardens can provide spaces like these for bees. Trees or walls that stop wind are a good idea. And cool areas also can help bees get away from the hot sun. Bee gardens also provide bees with water. Bees need water just like people do
Making a garden friendly for bees is far from a useless task. The results are worth the efforts. A bee-friendly garden is beautiful and colorful. Most importantly, it helps to keep bees healthy and happy.
32．Bees are important to us because ____.
A．the number of bees is low
B．they are helpful to plant growth
C．they are wonderful creatures
D．they make our gardens beautiful
33．The activities can help build a bee-friendly garden except____.
A．laying wood pieces on the ground
B．planting as many flowers as possible
C．providing spaces that keep bees from wind.
D．clearing materials on the ground in the garden.
34．What can we learn from the first sentence in Paragraph 6
A．Bees are disappearing from our environment.
B．reating a bee friendly garden is easier than we think.
C．Making a garden friendly for bees is of great importance.
D．Sometimes what we do for a bee friendly garden is useless.
35． The purpose of the passage is mainly to introduce____.
A．Bees' living places B．a new use of a garden
C．a way to protect bees D．some fun facts about bees
【答案】32．B
33．A
34．C
35．C
【知识点】科普类；说明文；常见的动物及其生活环境；动物养殖
【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述的是蜜蜂数量急剧减少，文中给出了解决方法一建造蜜蜂友好型花园。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题，推断题，和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
32．细节题。根据Our lives would not be the same without bees. Bees help plants grow，可知蜜蜂对我们来说很重要，因为它们对植物生长有益，故选B。
33．细节题。根据三，四，五段的描述，可知除了将木片放在地面上之外，尽可能种植更多的花卉，为蜜蜂提供躲避风的空间，清理花园里地上的材料动都可以有助于建造一个蜜蜂友好的花园，故选A。
34．推断题。根据Making a garden friendly for bees is far from a useless task打造一个对蜜蜂友好的花园绝非无用的任务，可知的意思是让花园对蜜蜂友好非常重要，故选C。
35．主旨题。本文主要讲述的是蜜蜂数量急剧减少，文中给出了解决方法一建造蜜蜂友好型花园，可知文章的主要目的是介绍一种保护蜜蜂的方式，故选C。
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