上海市普陀区重点中学2024年中考英语模拟试题

上海市普陀区重点中学2024年中考英语模拟试题
1．（2024·普陀模拟）— The sky is blue and I can smell the flowers.
—_____great fun it is to go spring outing! _____ fantastic time we're having !
A．What; What a B．How; How a C．What; What D．How ; What a
【答案】A
【知识点】what引导的感叹句
【解析】【分析】句意：—天空是蓝色的，我能闻到花香。—春游真是太有趣了！我们度过了多么美好的时光！本题考查感叹句，感叹句的基本结构：How＋形容词＋主语＋谓语! What+（ a/an）＋(形容词)＋名词＋谓语!fun不可数名词，有趣的事；所以fun前不加a/an。What a+形容词+time，是固定句型。所以答案为A。
【点评】考查感叹句，以及What+（ a/an）＋(形容词)＋名词＋谓语!
2．（2024·普陀模拟） When Tom saw his mother ____ for him on a cold winter night, he couldn't keep back his tears.
A．wait B．waited C．to wait D．waiting
【答案】D
【知识点】动名词；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：当汤姆看到他的母亲在一个寒冷的冬夜等待他时，他忍不住流下了眼泪。wait等待，动词，分析句子结构可知，主句中已经有谓语动词couldn't keep back，空白处要填写wait的非谓语动词形式，结合句中see sb. doing sth.的结构，表示看到某人正在做某事，此处用waiting最符合题意，故答案为D。
【点评】考查非谓语动词。注意固定表达see sb. doing sth.表示看到某人正在做某事。
3．（2024·普陀模拟）—Helen, can I wear jeans and a T-shirt to the school talent show
—OK, but a dress might be___.
A．good B．bad C．better D．worse
【答案】C
【知识点】比较级的一般句式
【解析】【分析】句意：—Helen,我可以穿牛仔和T恤参加学校的才艺表演吗？—可以，但一件裙子可能更好。根据前句猜测用比较级，good的比较级是better。故选C。
【点评】此题考查比较级的用法。
4．（2024·普陀模拟） I have some trouble with my English writing. Can you give me some ____
A．advice B．decisions C．messages D．suggestion
【答案】A
【知识点】可数名词；不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：我的英语写作有一些困难。你能给我一些……吗？A：advice建议；B：decisions决定；C：messages消息；D：suggestion建议，结合前文I have some trouble with my English writing. 可知，我希望你能给我一些建议，advice的意思是建议，是名词，是不可数名词，后面不用加s，suggestion的意思是建议，是可数名词，题干中的some后面应该用复数形式的名词，但是suggestion是可数名词的单数形式，此处用advice最符合题意，故答案为A。
【点评】考查名词。注意advice是不可数名词。
5．（2024·普陀模拟）— Will the foreigners have any problems talking with Chinese people in China
— I don't think so. Now ____________ the young ____________ the old are learning to speak English.
A．neither, nor B．either; or
C．only; except D．not only; but also
【答案】D
【知识点】短语辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：——外国人在中国和中国人谈话有什么问题吗？——我不这样认为。现在不仅年轻人而且老年人也正在学习说英语。A.两者都不；B.或者......或者；C.仅仅......除了......；D.不仅......而且......。年轻人和老人谈话没问题，因为不仅年轻人正在学习说英语，老年人也正在学习说英语，故选D。
【点评】考查短语辨析，首先识记其词义，然后根据句意确定。
6．（2024·普陀模拟） We did not know you were in trouble at that time, ── we would have given you a hand.
A．however B．otherwise C．instead D．moreover
【答案】B
【知识点】表转折关系的连词
【解析】【分析】句意：我们当时不知道你有麻烦，……我们会帮助你的。选项however意思是然而，表示转折关系，通常用于两个句子之间，用来指出两个句子之间的对比或差异；选项otherwise意思是否则，常用于表示假设的情况，即如果某个条件不满足，就会有另一种结果；选项instead意思是代替，通常用于表示两种选择或情况之间的替换或对比；选项moreover意思是而且，用于表示进一步的说明或补充，分析句子结构可知，we would have given you a hand是一个虚拟语气，表示如果当时知道对方有麻烦，就会提供帮助，用otherwise最符合语境，表示否则我们就会帮助你了，故答案为B。
【点评】考查连词。注意otherwise常用于表示假设的情况。
7．（2024·普陀模拟） —____ is it from our school to Wanda shopping mall
— About half an hour on foot.
A．How far B．How much C．How long D．How often
【答案】A
【知识点】疑问副词；询问位置/方向/距离
【解析】【分析】句意：——我们学校到万达广场……？——步行大约半小时。选项How far意思是多远，通常用于询问两地之间的距离；选项How much意思是多少或多少钱，通常用于询问数量或价格；选项How long意思是多长时间，通常用于询问持续时间或长度；选项How often意思是多久一次，通常用于询问频率，根据句意可知，此处询问的是从学校到万达广场的距离，用How far提问最符合语境，故答案为A。
【点评】考查疑问词辨析。注意How far通常用于询问两地之间的距离。
8．（2024·普陀模拟） Taiji is my favorite and I often play it ____ healthy.
A．to keep B．keeps C．keeping D．kept
【答案】A
【知识点】动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：太极是我最喜欢的，我经常打太极保持健康。keep保持，动词，分析句子结构可知，often play it ... healthy是主句，其中play是谓语动词，it是宾语，... healthy作目的状语，修饰play，非谓语动词中只有不定式和动名词可作目的状语，而动名词作目的状语时，一般位于句首，所以此处应填不定式作目的状语，用to keep最符合题意，表示为了保持健康，故答案为A。
【点评】考查非谓语动词。注意不定式和动名词可作目的状语，而动名词作目的状语时，一般位于句首。
9．（2024·普陀模拟） —Do you prefer ____basketball with me
一 No, I'd rather ____at home and watch TV.
A．play;stay B．to play;to stay
C．play;to stay D．to play;stay
【答案】D
【知识点】动词原形；固定搭配；短语辨析；动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：——你更喜欢打篮球吗？——不，我宁愿待在家里看电视。play打，动词，stay待在，动词，固定搭配prefer to do sth.的意思是更喜欢做某事，所以第一个空应该填to play，表示更喜欢打篮球；固定搭配would rather do sth.的意思是宁愿做某事，所以第二个空应该填stay，表示我宁愿待在家里看电视，故答案为D。
【点评】考查固定搭配。注意固定搭配prefer to do sth.表示更喜欢做某事，固定搭配would rather do sth.表示宁愿做某事。
10．（2024·普陀模拟） —The dress looks so ____ on you.
—Yes, it fits me ____.
A．well; good B．well; wel C．good; well D．good; good
【答案】C
【知识点】其他副词；形容词作表语
【解析】【分析】句意：这条裙子穿在你身上看起来很……。——是的，它很……适合我。well好，副词，good好的，形容词，英语中形容词修饰名词，副词修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，分析句子结构可知，looks是系动词，意思是看起来，后面应该用形容词作表语，表示这条裙子穿在你身上看起来很好，所以第一个空应该填good；fit是动词，意思是适合，应该用副词来修饰，表示它很适合我，所以第二个空应该填well，故答案为C。
【点评】考查形容词和副词的用法。注意英语中形容词修饰名词，副词修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。
（2024·普陀模拟） 完形填空
My 9-year-old daughter and I were flying from our home in Charlotte, North Carolina, to spend a week with my
husband Mike in Miami, Florida. 11． had been working in Florida for five months. Kallie 12． her dad terribly.
The plane was full. I had 13． a group of Boy Scouts(童子军) at the gate and said to my daughter that 14．
anything happened, we would be OK with all those scouts on our 15． !
Because we did not get our boarding passes until we 16． the gate, Kallie and I could not get seats together. That wasn't such a big deal, except that Kallie had counted on me reading to her the whole way.
When the 17． in my row boarded the plane, I asked if they would change places with Kallie or me. They 18． , saying they wanted to stay in their own seats.
At the same time, a mother and her two children several rows ahead of us also met the same 19． . The mother could hold her baby, but her 6-year-old son had to sit with strangers. 20． nobody offered to help her.
Suddenly, the scout leader stood up and said: "Ma'am, I think we can help you. " He then 21． five minutes
rearranging his group so there was space available for the family. And then the mother was much more 22． .
Amazingly, the man sitting next to the scout leader, turned to me and asked: "Would you and your daughter like our 23． " We changed seats and continued on our trip, very happy to be together.
Would that man have 24． us his seat if the scouts hadn'tdone so for the mom and her children I don't know. But
I do know that 25． is good, and good deeds cause more good deeds! Being kind is important and can be an example for everyone around you. One act of kindness can in turn cause many more kind acts.
11．A． She B． He C． We D． They
12．A． liked B． hated C． missed D． forgot
13．A． discovered B． thought C． admitted D． noticed
14．A． if B． when C． before D． after
15．A． ship B． flight C． train D． bus
16．A． left for B． left C． arrived at D． arrived in
17．A． passengers B． travellers C． hostess D． scouts
18．A． promised B． accepted C． refused D． agreed
19．A． time B． problem C． question D． performance
20．A． Therefore B． Because C． And D． However
21．A． took B． cost C． spent D． made
22．A． tired B． relaxed C． surprised D． friendly
23．A． presents B． books C． stories D． seats
24．A． offered B． gave C． showed D． provided
25．A． politeness B． kindness C． happiness D． carefulness
【答案】11．B；12．C；13．D；14．A；15．B；16．C；17．A；18．C；19．B；20．D；21．C；22．B；23．D；24．A；25．B
【知识点】议论文；人际关系与交往；自我管理
【解析】【分析】文章大意：作者和9岁的女儿在飞往迈阿密与丈夫团聚的航班上，由于座位安排问题无法坐在一起。尽管作者尝试与同行乘客交换座位未果，但随后童子军领队主动帮助了一位带着孩子的母亲解决了座位问题。这一善举感染了周围的人，最终有人主动提出与作者母女交换座位，使她们能够坐在一起。文章强调了善良行为的重要性，指出一个善举能够激发更多的善行，成为周围人的榜样。
【点评】考查完形填空。注意快速浏览全文，总体把握文章的中心内容、时态和语态的变化，建议按照题目在文章中出现的顺序进行解答，通过上下文的提示来判断答案。答完所有题目后，应再次阅读全文，检查答案是否前后一致，是否符合文章的整体意思。
11．句意：……已经在佛罗里达州工作了五个月。A：She她；B：He他；C：We我们；D：They他们，根据前文My 9-year-old daughter and I were flying from our home in Charlotte, North Carolina, to spend a week with my husband Mike in Miami, Florida.（我和9岁的女儿要飞到佛罗里达州迈阿密去和我丈夫迈克一起度过一周），可推断出这里的指的是作者的丈夫Mike在佛罗里达州工作，用He最符合题意，故答案为B。
12．句意：Kallie非常……她的爸爸。A：liked 喜欢；B：hated 讨厌；C：missed想念；D：forgot忘记，根据前文... had been working in Florida for five months. 可知，Kallie的爸爸佛罗里达州工作了五个月，此处用missed最符合语境，表示Kallie非常想念她的爸爸，故答案为C。
13．句意：我在门口……一群童子军。A：discovered发现；B：thought想；C：admitted承认；D： noticed注意到，根据句意和选项可知，此处表达的意思是作者是在门口注意到了一群童子军，discovered虽然也表示发现，但通常用于发现新事物或未知情况，而noticed则更侧重于注意到已经存在的事物或情况，此处用noticed最符合语境，故答案为D。
14．句意：我告诉我女儿，……发生任何事情，有那么多童子军和我们一起在飞机上，我们会没事的。A：if如果；B：when当……时；C：before在……之前；D：after在……之后，根据句意和选项可知，此处需要选择一个表示假设的连词，选项if可引导条件状语从句，表示假设，故答案为A。
15．句意：有那么多童子军和我们一起在……上。A：ship船；B：flight航班；C：train火车；D：bus公交车，根据前文My 9-year-old daughter and I were flying from our home in Charlotte ...，可推断出这里是在说和童子军一起在飞机上，此处用flight最符合语境，故答案为B。
16．句意：因为我们直到……门口才拿到登机牌，所以Kallie和我不能坐在一起。A：left for 出发去……；B：left离开；C：arrived at 到达（小地点）；D：arrived in 到达（大地点），根据句意和选项可知，此处需要选择一个表示到达的短语，这里指的是到达门口，且门口是小地点，选项arrived at最符合题意，故答案为C。
17．句意：当我那一排的……登上飞机时，我问他们是否愿意和我或Kallie换座位。A：passengers乘客；B：travellers旅行者；C：hostess女主人；D：scouts童子军，根据句意和选项，此处需要选择一个表示飞机上的乘客的名词，选项passengers最符合题意，故答案为A。
18．句意：他们……了，说他们想坐在自己的座位上。A：promised承诺；B：accepted接受；C：refused拒绝；D：agreed同意，根据句中的they wanted to stay in their own seats可知，他们拒绝了换位，选项refuse最符合语境，故答案为C。
19．句意：同时，我们前面几排的一位母亲和她的两个孩子也遇到了同样的……。A：time时间；B： problem问题；C：question问题（常用于提问）；D：performance表演，根据句意和选项可知，这里是指遇到了一个问题或困难，需要选择一个表示问题的名词，选项problem最符合语境，故答案为B。
20．句意：……，没有人提出帮助她。A：Therefore因此；B：Because因为；C：And和；D：However然而，根据句意和分析句子结构可知，前后句之间存在转折关系，此处需要选择一个表示转折的连词，选项However最符合语境，故答案为D。
21．句意：然后他……了五分钟重新安排他的队伍，以便这个家庭有空位。A：took花费（常用于It takes sb. some time to do sth.句型）；B：cost花费（金钱或代价）；C：spent花费（时间或金钱做某事）；D：made制作或造成，根据句意和选项可知，此处需要选择一个表示花费时间的动词短语，句型sb. spend some time doing sth.表示某人花费时间做某事，这里是指童子军领队花费了五分钟重新安排队伍，选项spent最符合语境，故答案为C。
22．句意：然后那位母亲更加……了。A：tired累的；B：relaxed放松的；C：surprised惊讶的；D：friendly友好的，联系前文there was space available for the family可知，选项relaxed最符合语境，这里是指母亲在得到帮助后感到更加放松了，故答案为B。
23．句意：你和你女儿想要我们的……吗？A：presents礼物；B：books书籍；C：stories故事；D：seats座位，根据句意和选项，可推断出这里是在询问是否想要换座位，选项seats最符合语境，故答案为D。
24．句意：如果童子军没有为那位母亲和她的孩子这么做，那个男人会给我们……座吗？A：offered提供；B：gave给予；C：showed展示；D：provided 提供（但更侧重于提供所需之物或条件），根据句意和选项可知，此处需要选择一个表示提供或让出的动词，选项provided表示提供，但更侧重于提供所需之物或条件，在这里是指提供座位让出座位，最符合语境，故答案为A。
25．句意：但我知道……是好的，善行会引起更多的善行！A：politeness礼貌；B：kindness善良；C：happiness幸福；D： carefulness小心谨慎，根据句意和选项可知，可推断出这里是在强调善良的重要性，选项kindness最符合语境，故答案为B。
（2024·普陀模拟） 阅读下面的材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不超过 3 个单词）
Good and bad manners make up the social rules of a country. They are not always easy to learn because they're often not written in books. Let's have a　26． 　. at some social rules in Britain.
In the past, British women didn'tgoto pubs(酒吧) because it 　27． 　. (consider) bad behavior for a woman. But as time goes by, 　28． 　. women and men can drink freely in pubs now.
Visitors to Britain often see British people wait in queues(行列) in public places, like the bus stop. It is considered impolite to get on a 　29． 　. without waiting your turn in the queue. Queuing is a national habit in Britain and it's considered good manners to wait your turn.
In some countries, it's considered bad manners to eat on the street. 　30． 　, in Britain, it's common for you to see people having a snack ahead　31． 　 you on the street.
British people used 　32． 　 (be) surprised to see young children weren't usually taken out to restaurant late at night. And if they 　33． 　 (make) a noise in a restaurant, it was regarded as impolite behavior. Nowadays, children are playing a more active role and they 　34． 　 (accept) in many pubs and restaurants.
Recently, many British companies have banned smoking in the offices and canteens. Smoking is a also banned on the London. Underground, in cinemas and on most buses. If someone breaks the rule, he/she 　35． 　 (pay) for it. In general, it'sbecoming less acceptable to smoke in a public place than before. Social rules are an important part of every country.
The British have an expression for following these "unwritten rules": When in Rome, do as Romans do.
【答案】26．look；27．was considered；28．both；29．bus；30．However；31．of；32．to be；33．made；34．are accepted；35．will pay
【知识点】议论文；世界主要国家文化习俗
（2024·普陀模拟） 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
In their last moment before the flight took off, I heard a father saying to his daughter, " I loveyou, I wish you enough. "
The daughter said, "Daddy, our life together has been more than enough. Your love is all I ever needed. I wish you enough to. " They kissed goodbye and the daughter left. I could see the father was very sad.
Suddenly the father walked towards me and asked me, "Did you ever say goodbye to someone knowing it would be the last time "
His words made me think of my father. Realizing that my father's days were limited(有限的)，I took the time to tell him face to face how much he meant to me. So I understood what this father was experiencing.
" Yes, I did. " I answered, " But why is this a last goodbye "
" I am old and my daughter lives much too faraway. Maybe her next trip back will be for my funeral (葬礼)，" he said.
" When you were saying goodbye, I heard you say 'I wish you enough'. What does that mean "
He began to smile. "my parents used to say it tome. When we say 'I wish you enough' ，we want the other person to have a life filled with enough good things. " He stopped for a moment and continued, "I wish you enough sun to keep your attitude bright. I wish you enough rain to appreciate (欣赏. 感激) the sun more. I wish you enough happiness to
keep your spirit alive. I wish you enough pain so that the smallest joys in life seem much bigger… I wish you enough
'Hellos' to get you through the final ' Goodbye'".
He then said goodbye to me and walked away.
36．Where did the story happened
A．In a hospital. B．At an airport
C．At a train station D．In a park
37．The word "joys" in Paragraph 7 is about .
A．pleasure B．happiness C．enjoyment D．all above
38．In the passage, " I wish you enough" means that we wish ____.
the other person as many good things as possible
A．each other a good life.
B．the other person as much sunshine as possible
C．it enough rain
39．Which is NOT mentioned according to the passage
A．The father's parents used to say " I wish you enough".
B．The writer was the father's friend.
C．The father was sad when his daughter left.
D．The father wished his daughter to live a happy life.
40．According to the passage, why must we be wished enough pain
A．Because no pain, no gain.
B．Because we can keep our spirit alive.
C．Because the tiny happiness makes us feel like the great joys.
D．Because the pleasures and pains in life are necessary.
【答案】36．B
37．D
38．A
39．B
40．C
【知识点】人生百味类；记叙文；细节理解；词义猜测
【解析】【分析】文章大意：通过一位父亲在机场与女儿告别的场景，以及随后与作者的对话，探讨了我祝愿你足够（I wish you enough）这一表达所蕴含的深意。这个表达不仅包含了希望对方生活中充满足够的好事物，还隐含了希望对方经历足够的阳光和雨水，以珍惜生活中的每一份快乐，并通过经历一定的痛苦来让微小的快乐显得更加珍贵。文章通过这一情感丰富的故事，传达了对亲情、生命意义以及人生态度的深刻思考。
【点评】考查阅读理解。主要涉及细节理解题和词义猜测题这两种常考题型。细节理解题注意使用寻读法（scanning），通过题干中的关键词在文章中快速搜索，确定相关词句或信息点所在的位置，从而缩小阅读范围；词义猜测题可利用常识和上下文语境来猜测词义。
36．细节理解题。A：In a hospital在医院；B：At an airport在机场；C：At a train station在火车站；D：In a park在公园，根据原文In their last moment before the flight took off, I heard a father saying to his daughter...（在飞机起飞前的最后一刻，我听到一位父亲对他的女儿说...）可知，故事发生在飞机起飞前的机场，故答案为B。
37．词义猜测题。根据原文I wish you enough pain so that the smallest joys in life seem much bigger...（我祝愿你有足够的痛苦，这样生活中最小的快乐也会显得更大...）可推断，原文中的joys指的是生活中的快乐或愉悦感，它涵盖了pleasure（愉悦）、happiness（幸福）和enjoyment（享受）等多种含义，故答案为D。
38．细节理解题。根据原文When we say 'I wish you enough', we want the other person to have a life filled with enough good things.（当我们说我祝愿你足够时，我们希望对方的生活充满足够的好东西），可知I wish you enough的意思是希望对方拥有尽可能多的好东西，即祝愿对方生活得好，即each other a good life（彼此一个好的生活），故答案为A。
39．细节理解题。根据原文my parents used to say it to me、I could see the father was very sad、I wish you enough happiness to keep your spirit alive.可知，A、C、D项在句中都有提及，只有B项（The writer was the father's friend.）在文中并未明确提及，只是作者与这位父亲进行了对话，但并没有说明他们是朋友关系，故答案为B。
40．细节理解题。根据原文I wish you enough pain so that the smallest joys in life seem much bigger...（我祝愿你有足够的痛苦，这样生活中最小的快乐也会显得更大...）可知，原文明确指出了祝愿对方有足够痛苦的原因，即为了让生活中最小的快乐也显得更大，选项Because the tiny happiness makes us feel like the great joys（因为微小的快乐让我们感觉像巨大的快乐）与原文中的描述相符，故答案为C。
（2024·普陀模拟） 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
Anne and Joseph are talking about an interesting question. Why do some people change their names There can be many reasons. Hanna changed her name to Anne because she thought it would be easier for people to remember. On the other hand , Joseph is thinking about changing his name to an unusual name because he wants to be different.
People have a lot of reasons for changing their names. Film stars, singers, sportsmen and some famous people often change their names because they want names that are not ordinary, or that have special sound. They chose the "new names " for themselves instead of the names their parents gave them when they were born.
Some people have another reason for changing their names. They have moved to a new country and want to use a name that is usual there. For example, Li Kaiming changed his name to Ken Lee when he moved to the United States. He uses the name Ken athis job and at school. But with his family and Chinese friends, he uses Li Kaiming. For some people, using different names makes life easier in their new country.
In many countries , a woman changes her family name to her husband's after she got married. But today, many women are keeping their own family name and not using their husband's. Sometimes, women use their own names in some situations and their husbands' in other situations. And some use both their own names and their husbands'.
41．Hanna changed her name to____
A．Anne B．Hans C．Hnne D．Anna
42．Joseph is thinking about changing his name because he wants to____.
A．move to another place
B．have a name with special sound
C．be different
D．make life easier in a new country
43．In many countries, a woman changes her family name to her husband, s ____.
A．in all situations B．because she loves her husband
C．before she got married D．after she got married
44．People change their names because____
A．there is only one reason B．there are two reasons
C．there may be many reasons D．there are five reasons
45．What is the main idea of the passage
A．Anne and Joseph are talking about changing their names.
B．People like to be usual, so they change their names.
C．In many countries, women change their names after they got married.
D．There are many reasons for people to change their names.
【答案】41．A
42．C
43．D
44．C
45．D
【知识点】议论文；社会问题；行为习惯；细节理解；文章大意
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文探讨了人们改变姓名的多种原因，包括为了便于记忆、追求个性、适应新环境、婚姻习俗的变化以及个人选择等。文章通过不同人群（如普通人、明星、移民、女性等）的改名实例，展示了改名现象的普遍性和多样性。
【点评】考查阅读理解。主要考查细节理解题和主旨大意题这两种题型。细节理解题注意理解题干问题，抓住题干关键词从文中找到关键信息；主旨大意题注意理解文章的主要内容和核心思想，有时可通过找到主题句来判断文章的主旨。
41．细节理解题。根据原文Hanna changed her name to Anne because she thought it would be easier for people to remember.（Hanna把她的名字改成了Anne，因为她认为这样人们更容易记住）可知，Hanna改变名字的原因是认为Anne这个名字更容易被记住，故答案为A。
42．细节理解题。根据原文On the other hand, Joseph is thinking about changing his name to an unusual name because he wants to be different.（另一方面，Joseph正在考虑把他的名字改成一个不寻常的名字，因为他想变得与众不同）可知，Joseph想要一个不寻常的名字是因为他想与众不同，故答案为C。
43．细节理解题。根据原文In many countries, a woman changes her family name to her husband's after she got married.（在许多国家，女性在结婚后会把她的姓氏改为丈夫的姓氏）可知，女性是在结婚后改变姓氏的，故答案为D。
44．细节理解题。根据原文People have a lot of reasons for changing their names.（人们改变名字有很多原因）可知，人们改变名字的原因有很多不同的原因，故答案为C。
45．主旨大意题。根据原文Anne and Joseph are talking about an interesting question. Why do some people change their names There can be many reasons.（Anne和Joseph正在讨论一个有趣的问题，为什么有些人会改变他们的名字？这背后可能有很多原因）以及整篇文章围绕人们改变名字的原因进行了讨论，可知整篇文章的中心思想是人们改变名字有很多不同的原因，从多个角度进行了详细的阐述，故答案为D。
（2024·普陀模拟） 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
That day was a very good day. The volunteers who visited an orphanage(孤儿院) now became the best friends each
other. The four persons were Li Hui, the reporter of Jing Newspaper, Zhao Qiang and Huang Jian, reporters of Chongqing Television Station, and me.
According to our experience of driving in the disaster area, it would be OK to drive in the morning, but the road was dangerous in the afternoon. So this morning we got offat 6:00 am. It is about 40 kilometers aim place. It would take not more than one hour normally. However, because of poor road conditions, we tried twice but failed to go through. We had to stop driving to wait for road repairing. It was very dangerous to park on the road in the mountain. To be honest, my experience in the disaster area were over load(超负荷). I almost couldn't stand. But one thing had been supporting me, I had been very grateful to have such a chance to help the people of disaster area, to have such a chance to share my love. When we took two vehicles(卡车) supplies to the orphanage, the leader of the orphanage Mr. Lang with 31 children was too excited to say anything.
46．The volunteers who visited an orphanage are ____.
A．strangers B．teachers C．reporters D．governors
47．The volunteers went to the orphanage ____.
A．in the afternoon B．in the morning
C．in the evening D．at noon
48．How did the volunteers go to the orphanage
A．By plane. B．On foot. C．By car. D．By truck.
49．How did the volunteers think their work
A．Relaxing. B．Tired. C．Boring. D．Easy.
50．Why did the volunteers think he should work in the disaster area
A．Because their leaders ordered that.
B．Because they wanted to repair the roads there.
C．Because their relative was there.
D．Because they wanted to show their love there
【答案】46．C
47．B
48．D
49．B
50．D
【知识点】记叙文；志愿服务与公共服务；细节理解
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章讲述了四名志愿者（包括作者自己）前往孤儿院探访的经历。
【点评】考查阅读理解。主要考查细节理解题这种常考题型。细节理解题注意理解题干问题，抓住题干关键词从文中找到关键信息。
46．细节理解题。A：strangers陌生人；B：teachers教师；C：reporters记者；D：governors政府人员，根据原文The four persons were Li Hui，the reporter of Jing Newspaper，Zhao Qiang and Huang Jian，reporters of Chongqing Television Station，and me.（这四个人是《京报》记者李辉，重庆电视台记者赵强和黄健，还有我）可知，这些志愿者是记者，故答案为C。
47．细节理解题。根据原文According to our experience of driving in the disaster area，it would be OK to drive in the morning，but the road was dangerous in the afternoon. So this morning we got off at 6:00 am.（根据我们在灾区开车的经验，早上开车是可以的，但是下午的路很危险。所以今天早上我们六点就出发了），可知志愿者们在早上前往孤儿院，故答案为B。
48．细节理解题。A：By plane.乘飞机；B：On foot.走路；C：By car.开汽车；D：By truck.开卡车，根据原文When we took two vehicles supplies to the orphanage，这里的vehicles指的是卡车，所以志愿者们是开着卡车前往孤儿院的，故答案为D。
49．细节理解题。A：Relaxing.放松的；B：Tired.疲惫的；C：Boring.无聊的；D：Easy.轻松的，根据原文To be honest，my experience in the disaster area were over load. I almost couldn't stand.（说实话，我在灾区的经历是超负荷的。我几乎站不住了），可知志愿者们认为他们的工作是累人的，故答案为B。
50．细节理解题。根据原文But one thing had been supporting me. I had been very grateful to have such a chance to help the people of disaster area, to have such a chance to share my love.（但是有一件事情一直在支持着我，我很感激有这样的机会去帮助灾区的人们，有这样的机会去分享我的爱）可知，志愿者们想要在灾区工作是因为他们想要在那里贡献他们的爱心，故答案为D。
（2024·普陀模拟） 根据材料内容选择最佳答案
Father's Day is a perfect opportunity to express your deepest feelings. Ties and wallets are nice. But don'tyou think that Dad can feel bored getting the same gifts every time So try a little change this year. Here are a few gift ideas for
Father's Day with different tastes and interests. These might help you to select Father's Day gifts. These Father's Day gift ideas can befit for dads, uncles or men who are like your father.
For Trendy（新潮的） Dads
If your dad loves to carry a fashionable thing, giving him a pair of cool sunglasses is a wonderful idea. He might own some already but he would welcome another one with a warm smile. Perfumes(香水) and deodorants(除臭剂) can also be given.
For Trendy（新潮的） Dads
If your dad loves to carry a fashionable thing, giving him a pair of cool sunglasses is a wonderful idea. He might own some already but he would welcome another one with a warm smile. Perfumes(香水) and deodorants(除臭剂) can also be given.
For Sporty Dads
Sporty dad loves a Father's Day gift for fun and sports. So you can give him something that is within his area of interest. Golf, rackets or tennis set would be a nice sporty idea. If he loves indoor games, you may give him chess or cards set or anything else like dartboards(掷镖游戏的靶).
For Sporty Dads
Sporty dad loves a Father's Day gift for fun and sports. So you can give him something that is within his area of interest. Golf, rackets or tennis set would be a nice sporty idea. If he loves indoor games, you may give him chess or cards set or anything else like dartboards(掷镖游戏的靶).
For Bibliophile(爱书者) Dads
If your dad loves to spend time reading, there can be no better idea than to give him a nice book. You should be a little thoughtful and keep your dad's choice in mind. On Father's Day you may also select books for your father and maybe you can share the beautiful relationship between a father and a child.
For Bibliophile(爱书者) Dads
If your dad loves to spend time reading, there can be no better idea than to give him a nice book. You should be a little thoughtful and keep your dad's choice in mind. On Father's Day you may also select books for your father and maybe you can share the beautiful relationship between a father and a child.
For Technology Dads
There are a lot of things in the market for Dads who love latest technology. You can buy a new mobile，a camera， a lap top and DVDs. Other ideas include electronic shavers, massager(按摩器) or exercise equipment.
For Technology Dads
There are a lot of things in the market for Dads who love latest technology. You can buy a new mobile，a camera， a lap top and DVDs. Other ideas include electronic shavers, massager(按摩器) or exercise equipment.
51．The writer suggests you should change Father's Day's gifts, because ____.
A．Dad doesn't want to cost too much
B．the children aren't rich enough
C．ties and wallets are not nice
D．Dad will feel bored
52．We should select ____ for sports dads.
A．exercise equipment B．sunglasses
C．books D．chess
53．If you have a book as a Father's Day gift, you should send it to your____.
A．bibliophile dad B．technology dad
C．sports dad D．trendy dad
54．If you want to send your father a camera, ____.
A．your father must be fashionable man
B．your father must love sports
C．your father should be a technology man
D．you must be a technology person
55．This passage mainly tells us____.
A．some advertisements B．the history of Father's Day
C．some stories D．some suggestions
【答案】51．D
52．D
53．A
54．C
55．D
【知识点】议论文；其他节假日与庆祝活动；细节理解；文章大意
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文讨论了父亲节礼物的选择，建议根据不同爸爸的兴趣和喜好来挑选礼物。
【点评】考查阅读理解。主要考查细节理解题和文章大意题这两种常考题型。细节理解题的干扰项常见类型包括正误并存、扩大或缩小范围、偷换概念、以偏概全、无中生有等。在作出选择的过程中，要善于辨别真伪，排除干扰，缩小范围，选出正确答案；文章大意题要在阅读全文并找出关键词和关键句后，需要对这些信息进行总结归纳，提炼出文章的主旨大意。这通常需要对文章内容进行深入理解和分析，找出文章的中心思想和主要观点。
51．细节理解题。根据原文But don't you think that Dad can feel bored getting the same gifts every time （是否认为爸爸每次收到相同的礼物会感到厌倦）可知，作者认为如果每次都送相同的礼物，爸爸可能会感到厌倦，他建议改变父亲节的礼物，故答案为D。
52．细节理解题。A：exercise equipment运动设施；B：sunglasses太阳镜；C：books书籍；D：chess国际象棋，根据原文If he loves indoor games, you may give him chess or cards set or anything else like dartboards.（如果爸爸喜欢室内游戏，可以送给他国际象棋、纸牌或其他类似掷镖游戏的靶）可知，对于喜欢室内运动的爸爸，建议送国际象棋或纸牌等，故答案为D。
53．细节理解题。A：bibliophile dad爱看书的爸爸；B：technology dad爱科技的爸爸；C：sports dad爱运动的爸爸；D：trendy dad新潮的爸爸，根据原文If your dad loves to spend time reading, there can be no better idea than to give him a nice book.（如果你的爸爸喜欢阅读，那么送他一本好书就是最好的主意）可知，如果你有一本书作为父亲节的礼物，你应该送给喜欢阅读的爸爸，故答案为A。
54．细节理解题。根据原文There are a lot of things in the market for Dads who love latest technology. You can buy a new mobile, a camera, a lap top and DVDs.（对于喜欢最新科技的爸爸，市场上有很多东西可以选择，包括新手机、相机、笔记本电脑和DVD等）可知，如果你想送给父亲一台相机，他应该是一个喜欢科技的人，即科技型爸爸，故答案为C。
55．文章大意题。综合全文信息可知，整篇文章都在讨论父亲节礼物的建议，根据不同类型的爸爸（新潮的、运动的、爱书的、科技的）给出了不同的礼物建议，故答案为D。
（2024·普陀模拟） 根据材料内容选择最佳答案
Nina felt nervous this morning. She couldn't believe that she decided to tryout for a talent show. She loved to sing but she disliked singing in front of other people.
Taking a deep breath, she pushed open the door of the theater and went inside.
The room was filled with laughing children. Nina saw Luz, James and others from her class. The bright, sunny room left her no place to hide. A few teachers sat on chairs. They waited for the children to become quiet.
"Hi, Nina!" Luz called out. "I didn't think you would tryout. You are so timid(胆怯的) in front of people. "
"That's not true, " Nina said. "I'm not shy at all. "
"Yeah, right, " Luz chuckled(轻声地笑) and ran off to find a seat.
One by one the students got up on the stage(舞台) and did their acts.
"Nina Martinez!" a voice called out. It was Mrs. Brent, the music teacher. Nina rose from her chair. She felt small as she walked to the huge, empty stage. Her face was hot and her shaking hands were as cold as ice.
"I-I-" Nina began, and then stopped. "I can't, " she said softly.
"Close your eyes, " said Mrs. Brent gently. "Forget about everyone else. Just sing. "
Nina felt silly, but she gave it a try. She closed her eyes and raised her voice and sang out. Her hands stopped shaking.
The song was so nice that everybody enjoyed it.
Nina heard Mrs. Brent clap (鼓掌) loudly at the end of her song. "That's the first time I have really heard your voice, " she said. "You are in the show!"
Nina let out a big sigh(叹息) and smiled happily.
56．What was the weather like that day
A．Sunny. B．Rainy. C．Snowy. D．Cloudy.
57．Why did Luz laugh as he ran off to his seat Because____.
A．he thought Nina looked silly
B．he thought Nina was very funny
C．he did not believe Nina was telling the truth
D．he did not believe Nina had a good music teacher
58．When Nina walked to stage, her face was hot and her hands were cold. That's because she was____.
A．very excited B．badly ill C．too nervous D．so happy
59．Mrs. Brent told Nina to just sing for herself. It showed that Mrs. Brent____.
A．wanted Nina to dowell
B．thought Nina's voice was too soft
C．did not think Nina would be in the show
D．did not think Nina would remember the song
60．Which word best describes Nina at the end of the story
A．Silly. B．Lucky. C．Proud. D．Terrible.
【答案】56．A
57．C
58．C
59．A
60．C
【知识点】教育类；记叙文；学校生活；细节理解；推理判断
【解析】【分析】文章大意：Nina虽然害怕在众人面前唱歌，但她还是鼓起勇气参加了才艺表演的选拔。在紧张得几乎要放弃时，音乐老师Mrs. Brent鼓励她闭上眼睛、专注唱歌。Nina听从建议并成功演唱，她的歌声赢得了大家的赞赏，包括Mrs. Brent的认可，最终Nina被选中参加才艺表演，她感到非常高兴。这个故事展示了勇气、尝试和自信的重要性。
【点评】考查阅读理解。主要涉及细节理解题和推理判断题这两种常考题型。细节理解题注意使用寻读法（scanning），通过题干中的关键词在文章中快速搜索，确定相关词句或信息点所在的位置，从而缩小阅读范围；推理判断题需要通过上下文、作者的态度、用词等间接推断出来。
56．推理判断题。A：Sunny.晴朗的；B：Rainy.多雨的；C：Snowy.下雪的；D：Cloudy.多云的，根据原文The bright, sunny room left her no place to hide.（明亮、阳光充足的房间让她无处可躲）可推断出，那天的天气是晴朗的，故答案为A。
57．细节理解题。根据原文I didn't think you would tryout. You are so timid in front of people.（我没想到你会参加选拔。你在人前太胆小了）， Luz的话表达了他对Nina在人前表现的看法，认为她胆怯。Nina反驳后，Luz以Yeah, right的轻蔑态度回应并跑去找座位，这表明他并不相信Nina的话，即他不相信Nina说的我一点也不害羞是真的。因此，Luz 笑是因为他不相信Nina在说实话，故答案为C。
58．推理判断题。根据原文She felt small as she walked to the huge, empty stage. Her face was hot and her shaking hands were as cold as ice.，这句话描述了Nina走向舞台时的心理状态和生理反应。她感到自己渺小，脸发烫，手却冰冷如冰，这通常是因为紧张（nervous）所导致的，故答案为C。
59．细节理解题。根据原文Close your eyes, forget about everyone else. Just sing.，这句话是Mrs. Brent对Nina的鼓励，她希望Nina能够专注于自己的演唱，忘记其他人的存在。这表明Mrs. Brent希望Nina能够做好（do well），发挥出自己的最佳水平，故答案为A。
60．推理判断题。A：Silly.愚蠢的；B：Lucky.幸运的；C：Proud.自豪的；D：Terrible.糟糕的，根据原文Nina let out a big sigh and smiled happily.，这句话描述了Nina在得知自己被选中参加才艺表演后的反应。她松了一口气并开心地笑了，这表明她对自己的表现感到满意和自豪（Proud）。因此，Proud是最能描述Nina在故事结尾时情感状态的词语，故答案为C。
（2024·普陀模拟） 阅读短文，回答问题
Like visible light, UV rays are energy waves released by the sun, only they cannot been seen. Some exposure (暴露) to those waves can do a body good. For example, ultraviolet B (UV-B) rays tell human skin to make vitamin D. Too much exposure can be harmful, though. Overexposure to UV rays can cause DNA problems, opening the door for skin cancer.
Too much sun can also cause painful sunburns.
There are three different types of UV energy waves. They are UV-A, UV-B and UV-C rays. Each type moves at a different wavelength, with UV-A's being the longest. Rays of UV-C are considered especially harmful to human beings.
Fortunately, we have the ozone (臭氧) layer of the Earth's atmosphere. It blocks out nearly all of the UV-C rays and most of the UV-B ones.
The moon doesn't have much of an atmosphere, though. Back on the moon, things are more dangerous. Over the years, astronauts have planted six American flags on the moon. Some scientists think that powerful UV rays could have bleached all the colorful flags white by now. For this reason, the moon is a dangerous place to visit without protection. You might think that astronauts who visit the moon would come home with terrible sunburns. That didn'thappen to
Armstrong and his company. Neil Armstrong was a U. S. astronaut and the first person to walk on the moon. These astronauts all wore special spacesuits on their missions. Spacesuits were made with heavy fabrics that block out UV rays.
When Armstrong set foot on the lunar surface, he was wearing a see-through helmet (头盔) with sun shades that were made of ultraviolet-stabilized polycarbonate. It is a very tough plastic that protects astronauts' faces from UV rays. A
weaker material could put the space travelers at risk for "snow blindness" and other problems. Conditions like these arise when UV rays damage parts of the human eyes.
Sunscreen (防晒霜) defends us from the UV rays that do pass through the ozone layer. However, there's really no need for an astronaut to put on sunscreen. The risk of sunburn goes way down when astronauts are inside a spaceship. Inside
the International Space Station (ISS), for example, there is no need for special suits. Astronauts regularly do their work in nothing but common cotton shirts and pants. To protect them from sunburns, the ISS uses UV-blocking windows. So do most space exploration ships.
61．From Paragraph 1, we can know ____
A．UV-B is harmful to our body
B．vitamin D is good for our body
C．UV rays cause DNA problems
D．skin cancer is caused by the sun
62．The underlined word "bleach" in Paragraph 3 most probably means "____ ".
A．漂白 B．伤害 C．刺穿 D．吹拂
63．Armstrong didn't get bad sunburns mainly because ____.
A．there was no UV-C ray on the moon
B．the moon had an ozone layer like the earth
C．he wore a special spacesuit and helmet
D．he put on enough special sunscreen
64．According to the last paragraph, we can learn ____
A．sunscreen plays a great role in protecting astronauts in space
B．astronauts have to do their work in special suits in the ISS
C．UV-blocking windows are regularly used on spaceships
D．the risk of sunburns increases when astronauts are in space
65．What's the writer's purpose of writing the passage
A．To show how astronauts are protected from UV rays.
B．To introduce the first human who walked on the moon.
C．To describe the new technology used in space.
D．To show how we protect ourselves from sunburns.
【答案】61．B
62．A
63．C
64．C
65．A
【知识点】说明文；自然科学研究；细节理解；推理判断；词义猜测
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章简述了紫外线的影响及防护措施。
【点评】考查阅读理解。主要考查推理判断题、词义猜测题和细节理解题。推理判断题可在文章中寻找与题干相关的直接或间接信息，这些信息可能是作者的观点、态度、描述或举例，它们能为你提供推理的依据；词义猜测的关键在于理解该词所在的上下文。通过前后文的逻辑关系、描述或举例，可以推断出该词的大致含义；细节理解题可根据题干中的关键词或短语，在文章中直接定位相关信息，将文章中的信息与选项进行对比，找出与题干要求完全一致的选项。注意区分相似但不同的信息点。
61．推理判断题。根据原文For example, ultraviolet B (UV-B) rays tell human skin to make vitamin D.（例如，紫外线B（UV-B）射线会促使人类皮肤产生维生素D）可推断出，UV-B射线对人体有积极作用，即促使皮肤产生维生素D，这暗示了维生素D对身体是有益的，选项vitamin D is good for our body（维生素D对我们的身体有好处）符合题意，故答案为B。
62．词义猜测题。根据原文Some scientists think that powerful UV rays could have bleached all the colorful flags white by now.（一些科学家认为，强大的紫外线可能已经将所有彩色的旗帜漂白成白色了），根据词语在这个上下文中的语境可猜测，bleach一词用于描述紫外线对旗帜颜色的影响，即将其漂白成白色。因此，选项漂白是最符合文意的解释，故答案为A。
63．细节理解题。根据原文These astronauts all wore special spacesuits on their missions. Spacesuits were made with heavy fabrics that block out UV rays.（这些宇航员在执行任务时都穿着特殊的宇航服。宇航服是用能阻挡紫外线的厚重布料制成的），可知宇航员在执行任务时穿着能阻挡紫外线的特殊宇航服，这是他们没有受到严重晒伤的主要原因，故答案为C。
64．细节理解题。根据原文To protect them from sunburns, the ISS uses UV-blocking windows. So do most space exploration ships.（为了保护宇航员免受晒伤，国际空间站使用了阻挡紫外线的窗户。大多数太空探索飞船也是如此），可知UV-blocking windows在太空中的广泛使用，选项UV-blocking windows are regularly used on spaceships（UV-blocking windows在太空船上经常被使用）最符合题意，故答案为C。
65．推理判断题。综合全文信息分析可知，整篇文章主要围绕宇航员如何在太空中保护自己免受紫外线伤害进行描述，包括他们穿着的特殊宇航服、使用的头盔以及太空站和太空探索飞船上的UV-blocking windows等，可推断出作者的写作目的是展示宇航员是如何在太空中保护自己免受紫外线伤害的，选项To show how astronauts are protected from UV rays.（展示宇航员是如何保护自己免受紫外线伤害的）最符合题意，故答案为A。
66．（2024·普陀模拟） 假设你是李华，刚到英国学习. 生活了两个月。在英国期间，你住在大卫(David)家中。请在答题卡指定的位置上，用英语给他写一封感谢信，内容要点如下：
表达谢意 感谢大卫及其家人对你的悉心照顾。
难忘的事 大卫很耐心地帮助你学习英语； 大卫带你去游览了伦敦； 大卫的母亲在你生病时送你去医院，给你做好吃的食物。
学习收获 提高了英语水平，更多地了解了英国的文化。
发出邀请 邀请大卫及其家人到你家作客。你会……
注意： 1. 信件要包含所给的内容要点，其中最后一个要点应用 2 句话作适当发挥；
2. 词数 80 个左右，信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
3. 信中不得出现真实的人名与校名。
Dear David,
I've just got back home. I want to say thanks to you and your family because
Yours, Li Hua
【答案】One possible version:
Dear David,
I've just got back home. I want to say thanks to you and your family because you took good care of me during my stay in the UK. You were patient enough to help me with my English. You showed me around London. Your mother sent me to hospital when I felt sick and cooked delicious food for me. Now, I have improved my English and learnt more about British culture. I would like to invite you and your family to my home. I will cook Chinese food for you. I'm sure you
can have a goodtime visiting China.
Yours,
Li Hua
【知识点】应用文写作；人际关系与交往；跨文化沟通与交流；书信、电子邮件
【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文写作。要求给大卫写一封感谢信，感谢大卫及其家人对你的悉心照顾。写作过程中注意包含题目给出的要点，可适当补充相关的内容，注意时态主要为一般过去时，人称主要为第一人称，时态、语态、人称和语气等方面要保持一致性，行文要符合英文的表达习惯，注意语句通顺和上下文的连贯。
【点评】这篇感谢信非常得体且全面，既表达了对大卫及其家人的感激之情，又详细列举了对方给予的帮助和关怀，同时还分享了自己的学习收获，并礼貌地发出了邀请。整封信的语言简洁明了，没有冗余的词汇或句子，同时用词得体，符合感谢信的正式场合。信的格式正确，包括称呼、正文和落款，符合英文书信的书写规范。一些短语和固定表达，如：took good care of me、patient enough、showed me around London、sent me to hospital、cooked delicious food for me，以及句型I would like to invite you and your family to my home.、I'm sure you can have a good time visiting China.不仅丰富了文章的语言，还增强了情感表达的效果。
1 / 1上海市普陀区重点中学2024年中考英语模拟试题
1．（2024·普陀模拟）— The sky is blue and I can smell the flowers.
—_____great fun it is to go spring outing! _____ fantastic time we're having !
A．What; What a B．How; How a C．What; What D．How ; What a
2．（2024·普陀模拟） When Tom saw his mother ____ for him on a cold winter night, he couldn't keep back his tears.
A．wait B．waited C．to wait D．waiting
3．（2024·普陀模拟）—Helen, can I wear jeans and a T-shirt to the school talent show
—OK, but a dress might be___.
A．good B．bad C．better D．worse
4．（2024·普陀模拟） I have some trouble with my English writing. Can you give me some ____
A．advice B．decisions C．messages D．suggestion
5．（2024·普陀模拟）— Will the foreigners have any problems talking with Chinese people in China
— I don't think so. Now ____________ the young ____________ the old are learning to speak English.
A．neither, nor B．either; or
C．only; except D．not only; but also
6．（2024·普陀模拟） We did not know you were in trouble at that time, ── we would have given you a hand.
A．however B．otherwise C．instead D．moreover
7．（2024·普陀模拟） —____ is it from our school to Wanda shopping mall
— About half an hour on foot.
A．How far B．How much C．How long D．How often
8．（2024·普陀模拟） Taiji is my favorite and I often play it ____ healthy.
A．to keep B．keeps C．keeping D．kept
9．（2024·普陀模拟） —Do you prefer ____basketball with me
一 No, I'd rather ____at home and watch TV.
A．play;stay B．to play;to stay
C．play;to stay D．to play;stay
10．（2024·普陀模拟） —The dress looks so ____ on you.
—Yes, it fits me ____.
A．well; good B．well; wel C．good; well D．good; good
（2024·普陀模拟） 完形填空
My 9-year-old daughter and I were flying from our home in Charlotte, North Carolina, to spend a week with my
husband Mike in Miami, Florida. 11． had been working in Florida for five months. Kallie 12． her dad terribly.
The plane was full. I had 13． a group of Boy Scouts(童子军) at the gate and said to my daughter that 14．
anything happened, we would be OK with all those scouts on our 15． !
Because we did not get our boarding passes until we 16． the gate, Kallie and I could not get seats together. That wasn't such a big deal, except that Kallie had counted on me reading to her the whole way.
When the 17． in my row boarded the plane, I asked if they would change places with Kallie or me. They 18． , saying they wanted to stay in their own seats.
At the same time, a mother and her two children several rows ahead of us also met the same 19． . The mother could hold her baby, but her 6-year-old son had to sit with strangers. 20． nobody offered to help her.
Suddenly, the scout leader stood up and said: "Ma'am, I think we can help you. " He then 21． five minutes
rearranging his group so there was space available for the family. And then the mother was much more 22． .
Amazingly, the man sitting next to the scout leader, turned to me and asked: "Would you and your daughter like our 23． " We changed seats and continued on our trip, very happy to be together.
Would that man have 24． us his seat if the scouts hadn'tdone so for the mom and her children I don't know. But
I do know that 25． is good, and good deeds cause more good deeds! Being kind is important and can be an example for everyone around you. One act of kindness can in turn cause many more kind acts.
11．A． She B． He C． We D． They
12．A． liked B． hated C． missed D． forgot
13．A． discovered B． thought C． admitted D． noticed
14．A． if B． when C． before D． after
15．A． ship B． flight C． train D． bus
16．A． left for B． left C． arrived at D． arrived in
17．A． passengers B． travellers C． hostess D． scouts
18．A． promised B． accepted C． refused D． agreed
19．A． time B． problem C． question D． performance
20．A． Therefore B． Because C． And D． However
21．A． took B． cost C． spent D． made
22．A． tired B． relaxed C． surprised D． friendly
23．A． presents B． books C． stories D． seats
24．A． offered B． gave C． showed D． provided
25．A． politeness B． kindness C． happiness D． carefulness
（2024·普陀模拟） 阅读下面的材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不超过 3 个单词）
Good and bad manners make up the social rules of a country. They are not always easy to learn because they're often not written in books. Let's have a　26． 　. at some social rules in Britain.
In the past, British women didn'tgoto pubs(酒吧) because it 　27． 　. (consider) bad behavior for a woman. But as time goes by, 　28． 　. women and men can drink freely in pubs now.
Visitors to Britain often see British people wait in queues(行列) in public places, like the bus stop. It is considered impolite to get on a 　29． 　. without waiting your turn in the queue. Queuing is a national habit in Britain and it's considered good manners to wait your turn.
In some countries, it's considered bad manners to eat on the street. 　30． 　, in Britain, it's common for you to see people having a snack ahead　31． 　 you on the street.
British people used 　32． 　 (be) surprised to see young children weren't usually taken out to restaurant late at night. And if they 　33． 　 (make) a noise in a restaurant, it was regarded as impolite behavior. Nowadays, children are playing a more active role and they 　34． 　 (accept) in many pubs and restaurants.
Recently, many British companies have banned smoking in the offices and canteens. Smoking is a also banned on the London. Underground, in cinemas and on most buses. If someone breaks the rule, he/she 　35． 　 (pay) for it. In general, it'sbecoming less acceptable to smoke in a public place than before. Social rules are an important part of every country.
The British have an expression for following these "unwritten rules": When in Rome, do as Romans do.
（2024·普陀模拟） 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
In their last moment before the flight took off, I heard a father saying to his daughter, " I loveyou, I wish you enough. "
The daughter said, "Daddy, our life together has been more than enough. Your love is all I ever needed. I wish you enough to. " They kissed goodbye and the daughter left. I could see the father was very sad.
Suddenly the father walked towards me and asked me, "Did you ever say goodbye to someone knowing it would be the last time "
His words made me think of my father. Realizing that my father's days were limited(有限的)，I took the time to tell him face to face how much he meant to me. So I understood what this father was experiencing.
" Yes, I did. " I answered, " But why is this a last goodbye "
" I am old and my daughter lives much too faraway. Maybe her next trip back will be for my funeral (葬礼)，" he said.
" When you were saying goodbye, I heard you say 'I wish you enough'. What does that mean "
He began to smile. "my parents used to say it tome. When we say 'I wish you enough' ，we want the other person to have a life filled with enough good things. " He stopped for a moment and continued, "I wish you enough sun to keep your attitude bright. I wish you enough rain to appreciate (欣赏. 感激) the sun more. I wish you enough happiness to
keep your spirit alive. I wish you enough pain so that the smallest joys in life seem much bigger… I wish you enough
'Hellos' to get you through the final ' Goodbye'".
He then said goodbye to me and walked away.
36．Where did the story happened
A．In a hospital. B．At an airport
C．At a train station D．In a park
37．The word "joys" in Paragraph 7 is about .
A．pleasure B．happiness C．enjoyment D．all above
38．In the passage, " I wish you enough" means that we wish ____.
the other person as many good things as possible
A．each other a good life.
B．the other person as much sunshine as possible
C．it enough rain
39．Which is NOT mentioned according to the passage
A．The father's parents used to say " I wish you enough".
B．The writer was the father's friend.
C．The father was sad when his daughter left.
D．The father wished his daughter to live a happy life.
40．According to the passage, why must we be wished enough pain
A．Because no pain, no gain.
B．Because we can keep our spirit alive.
C．Because the tiny happiness makes us feel like the great joys.
D．Because the pleasures and pains in life are necessary.
（2024·普陀模拟） 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
Anne and Joseph are talking about an interesting question. Why do some people change their names There can be many reasons. Hanna changed her name to Anne because she thought it would be easier for people to remember. On the other hand , Joseph is thinking about changing his name to an unusual name because he wants to be different.
People have a lot of reasons for changing their names. Film stars, singers, sportsmen and some famous people often change their names because they want names that are not ordinary, or that have special sound. They chose the "new names " for themselves instead of the names their parents gave them when they were born.
Some people have another reason for changing their names. They have moved to a new country and want to use a name that is usual there. For example, Li Kaiming changed his name to Ken Lee when he moved to the United States. He uses the name Ken athis job and at school. But with his family and Chinese friends, he uses Li Kaiming. For some people, using different names makes life easier in their new country.
In many countries , a woman changes her family name to her husband's after she got married. But today, many women are keeping their own family name and not using their husband's. Sometimes, women use their own names in some situations and their husbands' in other situations. And some use both their own names and their husbands'.
41．Hanna changed her name to____
A．Anne B．Hans C．Hnne D．Anna
42．Joseph is thinking about changing his name because he wants to____.
A．move to another place
B．have a name with special sound
C．be different
D．make life easier in a new country
43．In many countries, a woman changes her family name to her husband, s ____.
A．in all situations B．because she loves her husband
C．before she got married D．after she got married
44．People change their names because____
A．there is only one reason B．there are two reasons
C．there may be many reasons D．there are five reasons
45．What is the main idea of the passage
A．Anne and Joseph are talking about changing their names.
B．People like to be usual, so they change their names.
C．In many countries, women change their names after they got married.
D．There are many reasons for people to change their names.
（2024·普陀模拟） 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
That day was a very good day. The volunteers who visited an orphanage(孤儿院) now became the best friends each
other. The four persons were Li Hui, the reporter of Jing Newspaper, Zhao Qiang and Huang Jian, reporters of Chongqing Television Station, and me.
According to our experience of driving in the disaster area, it would be OK to drive in the morning, but the road was dangerous in the afternoon. So this morning we got offat 6:00 am. It is about 40 kilometers aim place. It would take not more than one hour normally. However, because of poor road conditions, we tried twice but failed to go through. We had to stop driving to wait for road repairing. It was very dangerous to park on the road in the mountain. To be honest, my experience in the disaster area were over load(超负荷). I almost couldn't stand. But one thing had been supporting me, I had been very grateful to have such a chance to help the people of disaster area, to have such a chance to share my love. When we took two vehicles(卡车) supplies to the orphanage, the leader of the orphanage Mr. Lang with 31 children was too excited to say anything.
46．The volunteers who visited an orphanage are ____.
A．strangers B．teachers C．reporters D．governors
47．The volunteers went to the orphanage ____.
A．in the afternoon B．in the morning
C．in the evening D．at noon
48．How did the volunteers go to the orphanage
A．By plane. B．On foot. C．By car. D．By truck.
49．How did the volunteers think their work
A．Relaxing. B．Tired. C．Boring. D．Easy.
50．Why did the volunteers think he should work in the disaster area
A．Because their leaders ordered that.
B．Because they wanted to repair the roads there.
C．Because their relative was there.
D．Because they wanted to show their love there
（2024·普陀模拟） 根据材料内容选择最佳答案
Father's Day is a perfect opportunity to express your deepest feelings. Ties and wallets are nice. But don'tyou think that Dad can feel bored getting the same gifts every time So try a little change this year. Here are a few gift ideas for
Father's Day with different tastes and interests. These might help you to select Father's Day gifts. These Father's Day gift ideas can befit for dads, uncles or men who are like your father.
For Trendy（新潮的） Dads
If your dad loves to carry a fashionable thing, giving him a pair of cool sunglasses is a wonderful idea. He might own some already but he would welcome another one with a warm smile. Perfumes(香水) and deodorants(除臭剂) can also be given.
For Trendy（新潮的） Dads
If your dad loves to carry a fashionable thing, giving him a pair of cool sunglasses is a wonderful idea. He might own some already but he would welcome another one with a warm smile. Perfumes(香水) and deodorants(除臭剂) can also be given.
For Sporty Dads
Sporty dad loves a Father's Day gift for fun and sports. So you can give him something that is within his area of interest. Golf, rackets or tennis set would be a nice sporty idea. If he loves indoor games, you may give him chess or cards set or anything else like dartboards(掷镖游戏的靶).
For Sporty Dads
Sporty dad loves a Father's Day gift for fun and sports. So you can give him something that is within his area of interest. Golf, rackets or tennis set would be a nice sporty idea. If he loves indoor games, you may give him chess or cards set or anything else like dartboards(掷镖游戏的靶).
For Bibliophile(爱书者) Dads
If your dad loves to spend time reading, there can be no better idea than to give him a nice book. You should be a little thoughtful and keep your dad's choice in mind. On Father's Day you may also select books for your father and maybe you can share the beautiful relationship between a father and a child.
For Bibliophile(爱书者) Dads
If your dad loves to spend time reading, there can be no better idea than to give him a nice book. You should be a little thoughtful and keep your dad's choice in mind. On Father's Day you may also select books for your father and maybe you can share the beautiful relationship between a father and a child.
For Technology Dads
There are a lot of things in the market for Dads who love latest technology. You can buy a new mobile，a camera， a lap top and DVDs. Other ideas include electronic shavers, massager(按摩器) or exercise equipment.
For Technology Dads
There are a lot of things in the market for Dads who love latest technology. You can buy a new mobile，a camera， a lap top and DVDs. Other ideas include electronic shavers, massager(按摩器) or exercise equipment.
51．The writer suggests you should change Father's Day's gifts, because ____.
A．Dad doesn't want to cost too much
B．the children aren't rich enough
C．ties and wallets are not nice
D．Dad will feel bored
52．We should select ____ for sports dads.
A．exercise equipment B．sunglasses
C．books D．chess
53．If you have a book as a Father's Day gift, you should send it to your____.
A．bibliophile dad B．technology dad
C．sports dad D．trendy dad
54．If you want to send your father a camera, ____.
A．your father must be fashionable man
B．your father must love sports
C．your father should be a technology man
D．you must be a technology person
55．This passage mainly tells us____.
A．some advertisements B．the history of Father's Day
C．some stories D．some suggestions
（2024·普陀模拟） 根据材料内容选择最佳答案
Nina felt nervous this morning. She couldn't believe that she decided to tryout for a talent show. She loved to sing but she disliked singing in front of other people.
Taking a deep breath, she pushed open the door of the theater and went inside.
The room was filled with laughing children. Nina saw Luz, James and others from her class. The bright, sunny room left her no place to hide. A few teachers sat on chairs. They waited for the children to become quiet.
"Hi, Nina!" Luz called out. "I didn't think you would tryout. You are so timid(胆怯的) in front of people. "
"That's not true, " Nina said. "I'm not shy at all. "
"Yeah, right, " Luz chuckled(轻声地笑) and ran off to find a seat.
One by one the students got up on the stage(舞台) and did their acts.
"Nina Martinez!" a voice called out. It was Mrs. Brent, the music teacher. Nina rose from her chair. She felt small as she walked to the huge, empty stage. Her face was hot and her shaking hands were as cold as ice.
"I-I-" Nina began, and then stopped. "I can't, " she said softly.
"Close your eyes, " said Mrs. Brent gently. "Forget about everyone else. Just sing. "
Nina felt silly, but she gave it a try. She closed her eyes and raised her voice and sang out. Her hands stopped shaking.
The song was so nice that everybody enjoyed it.
Nina heard Mrs. Brent clap (鼓掌) loudly at the end of her song. "That's the first time I have really heard your voice, " she said. "You are in the show!"
Nina let out a big sigh(叹息) and smiled happily.
56．What was the weather like that day
A．Sunny. B．Rainy. C．Snowy. D．Cloudy.
57．Why did Luz laugh as he ran off to his seat Because____.
A．he thought Nina looked silly
B．he thought Nina was very funny
C．he did not believe Nina was telling the truth
D．he did not believe Nina had a good music teacher
58．When Nina walked to stage, her face was hot and her hands were cold. That's because she was____.
A．very excited B．badly ill C．too nervous D．so happy
59．Mrs. Brent told Nina to just sing for herself. It showed that Mrs. Brent____.
A．wanted Nina to dowell
B．thought Nina's voice was too soft
C．did not think Nina would be in the show
D．did not think Nina would remember the song
60．Which word best describes Nina at the end of the story
A．Silly. B．Lucky. C．Proud. D．Terrible.
（2024·普陀模拟） 阅读短文，回答问题
Like visible light, UV rays are energy waves released by the sun, only they cannot been seen. Some exposure (暴露) to those waves can do a body good. For example, ultraviolet B (UV-B) rays tell human skin to make vitamin D. Too much exposure can be harmful, though. Overexposure to UV rays can cause DNA problems, opening the door for skin cancer.
Too much sun can also cause painful sunburns.
There are three different types of UV energy waves. They are UV-A, UV-B and UV-C rays. Each type moves at a different wavelength, with UV-A's being the longest. Rays of UV-C are considered especially harmful to human beings.
Fortunately, we have the ozone (臭氧) layer of the Earth's atmosphere. It blocks out nearly all of the UV-C rays and most of the UV-B ones.
The moon doesn't have much of an atmosphere, though. Back on the moon, things are more dangerous. Over the years, astronauts have planted six American flags on the moon. Some scientists think that powerful UV rays could have bleached all the colorful flags white by now. For this reason, the moon is a dangerous place to visit without protection. You might think that astronauts who visit the moon would come home with terrible sunburns. That didn'thappen to
Armstrong and his company. Neil Armstrong was a U. S. astronaut and the first person to walk on the moon. These astronauts all wore special spacesuits on their missions. Spacesuits were made with heavy fabrics that block out UV rays.
When Armstrong set foot on the lunar surface, he was wearing a see-through helmet (头盔) with sun shades that were made of ultraviolet-stabilized polycarbonate. It is a very tough plastic that protects astronauts' faces from UV rays. A
weaker material could put the space travelers at risk for "snow blindness" and other problems. Conditions like these arise when UV rays damage parts of the human eyes.
Sunscreen (防晒霜) defends us from the UV rays that do pass through the ozone layer. However, there's really no need for an astronaut to put on sunscreen. The risk of sunburn goes way down when astronauts are inside a spaceship. Inside
the International Space Station (ISS), for example, there is no need for special suits. Astronauts regularly do their work in nothing but common cotton shirts and pants. To protect them from sunburns, the ISS uses UV-blocking windows. So do most space exploration ships.
61．From Paragraph 1, we can know ____
A．UV-B is harmful to our body
B．vitamin D is good for our body
C．UV rays cause DNA problems
D．skin cancer is caused by the sun
62．The underlined word "bleach" in Paragraph 3 most probably means "____ ".
A．漂白 B．伤害 C．刺穿 D．吹拂
63．Armstrong didn't get bad sunburns mainly because ____.
A．there was no UV-C ray on the moon
B．the moon had an ozone layer like the earth
C．he wore a special spacesuit and helmet
D．he put on enough special sunscreen
64．According to the last paragraph, we can learn ____
A．sunscreen plays a great role in protecting astronauts in space
B．astronauts have to do their work in special suits in the ISS
C．UV-blocking windows are regularly used on spaceships
D．the risk of sunburns increases when astronauts are in space
65．What's the writer's purpose of writing the passage
A．To show how astronauts are protected from UV rays.
B．To introduce the first human who walked on the moon.
C．To describe the new technology used in space.
D．To show how we protect ourselves from sunburns.
66．（2024·普陀模拟） 假设你是李华，刚到英国学习. 生活了两个月。在英国期间，你住在大卫(David)家中。请在答题卡指定的位置上，用英语给他写一封感谢信，内容要点如下：
表达谢意 感谢大卫及其家人对你的悉心照顾。
难忘的事 大卫很耐心地帮助你学习英语； 大卫带你去游览了伦敦； 大卫的母亲在你生病时送你去医院，给你做好吃的食物。
学习收获 提高了英语水平，更多地了解了英国的文化。
发出邀请 邀请大卫及其家人到你家作客。你会……
注意： 1. 信件要包含所给的内容要点，其中最后一个要点应用 2 句话作适当发挥；
2. 词数 80 个左右，信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
3. 信中不得出现真实的人名与校名。
Dear David,
I've just got back home. I want to say thanks to you and your family because
Yours, Li Hua
答案解析部分
1．【答案】A
【知识点】what引导的感叹句
【解析】【分析】句意：—天空是蓝色的，我能闻到花香。—春游真是太有趣了！我们度过了多么美好的时光！本题考查感叹句，感叹句的基本结构：How＋形容词＋主语＋谓语! What+（ a/an）＋(形容词)＋名词＋谓语!fun不可数名词，有趣的事；所以fun前不加a/an。What a+形容词+time，是固定句型。所以答案为A。
【点评】考查感叹句，以及What+（ a/an）＋(形容词)＋名词＋谓语!
2．【答案】D
【知识点】动名词；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：当汤姆看到他的母亲在一个寒冷的冬夜等待他时，他忍不住流下了眼泪。wait等待，动词，分析句子结构可知，主句中已经有谓语动词couldn't keep back，空白处要填写wait的非谓语动词形式，结合句中see sb. doing sth.的结构，表示看到某人正在做某事，此处用waiting最符合题意，故答案为D。
【点评】考查非谓语动词。注意固定表达see sb. doing sth.表示看到某人正在做某事。
3．【答案】C
【知识点】比较级的一般句式
【解析】【分析】句意：—Helen,我可以穿牛仔和T恤参加学校的才艺表演吗？—可以，但一件裙子可能更好。根据前句猜测用比较级，good的比较级是better。故选C。
【点评】此题考查比较级的用法。
4．【答案】A
【知识点】可数名词；不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：我的英语写作有一些困难。你能给我一些……吗？A：advice建议；B：decisions决定；C：messages消息；D：suggestion建议，结合前文I have some trouble with my English writing. 可知，我希望你能给我一些建议，advice的意思是建议，是名词，是不可数名词，后面不用加s，suggestion的意思是建议，是可数名词，题干中的some后面应该用复数形式的名词，但是suggestion是可数名词的单数形式，此处用advice最符合题意，故答案为A。
【点评】考查名词。注意advice是不可数名词。
5．【答案】D
【知识点】短语辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：——外国人在中国和中国人谈话有什么问题吗？——我不这样认为。现在不仅年轻人而且老年人也正在学习说英语。A.两者都不；B.或者......或者；C.仅仅......除了......；D.不仅......而且......。年轻人和老人谈话没问题，因为不仅年轻人正在学习说英语，老年人也正在学习说英语，故选D。
【点评】考查短语辨析，首先识记其词义，然后根据句意确定。
6．【答案】B
【知识点】表转折关系的连词
【解析】【分析】句意：我们当时不知道你有麻烦，……我们会帮助你的。选项however意思是然而，表示转折关系，通常用于两个句子之间，用来指出两个句子之间的对比或差异；选项otherwise意思是否则，常用于表示假设的情况，即如果某个条件不满足，就会有另一种结果；选项instead意思是代替，通常用于表示两种选择或情况之间的替换或对比；选项moreover意思是而且，用于表示进一步的说明或补充，分析句子结构可知，we would have given you a hand是一个虚拟语气，表示如果当时知道对方有麻烦，就会提供帮助，用otherwise最符合语境，表示否则我们就会帮助你了，故答案为B。
【点评】考查连词。注意otherwise常用于表示假设的情况。
7．【答案】A
【知识点】疑问副词；询问位置/方向/距离
【解析】【分析】句意：——我们学校到万达广场……？——步行大约半小时。选项How far意思是多远，通常用于询问两地之间的距离；选项How much意思是多少或多少钱，通常用于询问数量或价格；选项How long意思是多长时间，通常用于询问持续时间或长度；选项How often意思是多久一次，通常用于询问频率，根据句意可知，此处询问的是从学校到万达广场的距离，用How far提问最符合语境，故答案为A。
【点评】考查疑问词辨析。注意How far通常用于询问两地之间的距离。
8．【答案】A
【知识点】动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：太极是我最喜欢的，我经常打太极保持健康。keep保持，动词，分析句子结构可知，often play it ... healthy是主句，其中play是谓语动词，it是宾语，... healthy作目的状语，修饰play，非谓语动词中只有不定式和动名词可作目的状语，而动名词作目的状语时，一般位于句首，所以此处应填不定式作目的状语，用to keep最符合题意，表示为了保持健康，故答案为A。
【点评】考查非谓语动词。注意不定式和动名词可作目的状语，而动名词作目的状语时，一般位于句首。
9．【答案】D
【知识点】动词原形；固定搭配；短语辨析；动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：——你更喜欢打篮球吗？——不，我宁愿待在家里看电视。play打，动词，stay待在，动词，固定搭配prefer to do sth.的意思是更喜欢做某事，所以第一个空应该填to play，表示更喜欢打篮球；固定搭配would rather do sth.的意思是宁愿做某事，所以第二个空应该填stay，表示我宁愿待在家里看电视，故答案为D。
【点评】考查固定搭配。注意固定搭配prefer to do sth.表示更喜欢做某事，固定搭配would rather do sth.表示宁愿做某事。
10．【答案】C
【知识点】其他副词；形容词作表语
【解析】【分析】句意：这条裙子穿在你身上看起来很……。——是的，它很……适合我。well好，副词，good好的，形容词，英语中形容词修饰名词，副词修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，分析句子结构可知，looks是系动词，意思是看起来，后面应该用形容词作表语，表示这条裙子穿在你身上看起来很好，所以第一个空应该填good；fit是动词，意思是适合，应该用副词来修饰，表示它很适合我，所以第二个空应该填well，故答案为C。
【点评】考查形容词和副词的用法。注意英语中形容词修饰名词，副词修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。
【答案】11．B；12．C；13．D；14．A；15．B；16．C；17．A；18．C；19．B；20．D；21．C；22．B；23．D；24．A；25．B
【知识点】议论文；人际关系与交往；自我管理
【解析】【分析】文章大意：作者和9岁的女儿在飞往迈阿密与丈夫团聚的航班上，由于座位安排问题无法坐在一起。尽管作者尝试与同行乘客交换座位未果，但随后童子军领队主动帮助了一位带着孩子的母亲解决了座位问题。这一善举感染了周围的人，最终有人主动提出与作者母女交换座位，使她们能够坐在一起。文章强调了善良行为的重要性，指出一个善举能够激发更多的善行，成为周围人的榜样。
【点评】考查完形填空。注意快速浏览全文，总体把握文章的中心内容、时态和语态的变化，建议按照题目在文章中出现的顺序进行解答，通过上下文的提示来判断答案。答完所有题目后，应再次阅读全文，检查答案是否前后一致，是否符合文章的整体意思。
11．句意：……已经在佛罗里达州工作了五个月。A：She她；B：He他；C：We我们；D：They他们，根据前文My 9-year-old daughter and I were flying from our home in Charlotte, North Carolina, to spend a week with my husband Mike in Miami, Florida.（我和9岁的女儿要飞到佛罗里达州迈阿密去和我丈夫迈克一起度过一周），可推断出这里的指的是作者的丈夫Mike在佛罗里达州工作，用He最符合题意，故答案为B。
12．句意：Kallie非常……她的爸爸。A：liked 喜欢；B：hated 讨厌；C：missed想念；D：forgot忘记，根据前文... had been working in Florida for five months. 可知，Kallie的爸爸佛罗里达州工作了五个月，此处用missed最符合语境，表示Kallie非常想念她的爸爸，故答案为C。
13．句意：我在门口……一群童子军。A：discovered发现；B：thought想；C：admitted承认；D： noticed注意到，根据句意和选项可知，此处表达的意思是作者是在门口注意到了一群童子军，discovered虽然也表示发现，但通常用于发现新事物或未知情况，而noticed则更侧重于注意到已经存在的事物或情况，此处用noticed最符合语境，故答案为D。
14．句意：我告诉我女儿，……发生任何事情，有那么多童子军和我们一起在飞机上，我们会没事的。A：if如果；B：when当……时；C：before在……之前；D：after在……之后，根据句意和选项可知，此处需要选择一个表示假设的连词，选项if可引导条件状语从句，表示假设，故答案为A。
15．句意：有那么多童子军和我们一起在……上。A：ship船；B：flight航班；C：train火车；D：bus公交车，根据前文My 9-year-old daughter and I were flying from our home in Charlotte ...，可推断出这里是在说和童子军一起在飞机上，此处用flight最符合语境，故答案为B。
16．句意：因为我们直到……门口才拿到登机牌，所以Kallie和我不能坐在一起。A：left for 出发去……；B：left离开；C：arrived at 到达（小地点）；D：arrived in 到达（大地点），根据句意和选项可知，此处需要选择一个表示到达的短语，这里指的是到达门口，且门口是小地点，选项arrived at最符合题意，故答案为C。
17．句意：当我那一排的……登上飞机时，我问他们是否愿意和我或Kallie换座位。A：passengers乘客；B：travellers旅行者；C：hostess女主人；D：scouts童子军，根据句意和选项，此处需要选择一个表示飞机上的乘客的名词，选项passengers最符合题意，故答案为A。
18．句意：他们……了，说他们想坐在自己的座位上。A：promised承诺；B：accepted接受；C：refused拒绝；D：agreed同意，根据句中的they wanted to stay in their own seats可知，他们拒绝了换位，选项refuse最符合语境，故答案为C。
19．句意：同时，我们前面几排的一位母亲和她的两个孩子也遇到了同样的……。A：time时间；B： problem问题；C：question问题（常用于提问）；D：performance表演，根据句意和选项可知，这里是指遇到了一个问题或困难，需要选择一个表示问题的名词，选项problem最符合语境，故答案为B。
20．句意：……，没有人提出帮助她。A：Therefore因此；B：Because因为；C：And和；D：However然而，根据句意和分析句子结构可知，前后句之间存在转折关系，此处需要选择一个表示转折的连词，选项However最符合语境，故答案为D。
21．句意：然后他……了五分钟重新安排他的队伍，以便这个家庭有空位。A：took花费（常用于It takes sb. some time to do sth.句型）；B：cost花费（金钱或代价）；C：spent花费（时间或金钱做某事）；D：made制作或造成，根据句意和选项可知，此处需要选择一个表示花费时间的动词短语，句型sb. spend some time doing sth.表示某人花费时间做某事，这里是指童子军领队花费了五分钟重新安排队伍，选项spent最符合语境，故答案为C。
22．句意：然后那位母亲更加……了。A：tired累的；B：relaxed放松的；C：surprised惊讶的；D：friendly友好的，联系前文there was space available for the family可知，选项relaxed最符合语境，这里是指母亲在得到帮助后感到更加放松了，故答案为B。
23．句意：你和你女儿想要我们的……吗？A：presents礼物；B：books书籍；C：stories故事；D：seats座位，根据句意和选项，可推断出这里是在询问是否想要换座位，选项seats最符合语境，故答案为D。
24．句意：如果童子军没有为那位母亲和她的孩子这么做，那个男人会给我们……座吗？A：offered提供；B：gave给予；C：showed展示；D：provided 提供（但更侧重于提供所需之物或条件），根据句意和选项可知，此处需要选择一个表示提供或让出的动词，选项provided表示提供，但更侧重于提供所需之物或条件，在这里是指提供座位让出座位，最符合语境，故答案为A。
25．句意：但我知道……是好的，善行会引起更多的善行！A：politeness礼貌；B：kindness善良；C：happiness幸福；D： carefulness小心谨慎，根据句意和选项可知，可推断出这里是在强调善良的重要性，选项kindness最符合语境，故答案为B。
【答案】26．look；27．was considered；28．both；29．bus；30．However；31．of；32．to be；33．made；34．are accepted；35．will pay
【知识点】议论文；世界主要国家文化习俗
【答案】36．B
37．D
38．A
39．B
40．C
【知识点】人生百味类；记叙文；细节理解；词义猜测
【解析】【分析】文章大意：通过一位父亲在机场与女儿告别的场景，以及随后与作者的对话，探讨了我祝愿你足够（I wish you enough）这一表达所蕴含的深意。这个表达不仅包含了希望对方生活中充满足够的好事物，还隐含了希望对方经历足够的阳光和雨水，以珍惜生活中的每一份快乐，并通过经历一定的痛苦来让微小的快乐显得更加珍贵。文章通过这一情感丰富的故事，传达了对亲情、生命意义以及人生态度的深刻思考。
【点评】考查阅读理解。主要涉及细节理解题和词义猜测题这两种常考题型。细节理解题注意使用寻读法（scanning），通过题干中的关键词在文章中快速搜索，确定相关词句或信息点所在的位置，从而缩小阅读范围；词义猜测题可利用常识和上下文语境来猜测词义。
36．细节理解题。A：In a hospital在医院；B：At an airport在机场；C：At a train station在火车站；D：In a park在公园，根据原文In their last moment before the flight took off, I heard a father saying to his daughter...（在飞机起飞前的最后一刻，我听到一位父亲对他的女儿说...）可知，故事发生在飞机起飞前的机场，故答案为B。
37．词义猜测题。根据原文I wish you enough pain so that the smallest joys in life seem much bigger...（我祝愿你有足够的痛苦，这样生活中最小的快乐也会显得更大...）可推断，原文中的joys指的是生活中的快乐或愉悦感，它涵盖了pleasure（愉悦）、happiness（幸福）和enjoyment（享受）等多种含义，故答案为D。
38．细节理解题。根据原文When we say 'I wish you enough', we want the other person to have a life filled with enough good things.（当我们说我祝愿你足够时，我们希望对方的生活充满足够的好东西），可知I wish you enough的意思是希望对方拥有尽可能多的好东西，即祝愿对方生活得好，即each other a good life（彼此一个好的生活），故答案为A。
39．细节理解题。根据原文my parents used to say it to me、I could see the father was very sad、I wish you enough happiness to keep your spirit alive.可知，A、C、D项在句中都有提及，只有B项（The writer was the father's friend.）在文中并未明确提及，只是作者与这位父亲进行了对话，但并没有说明他们是朋友关系，故答案为B。
40．细节理解题。根据原文I wish you enough pain so that the smallest joys in life seem much bigger...（我祝愿你有足够的痛苦，这样生活中最小的快乐也会显得更大...）可知，原文明确指出了祝愿对方有足够痛苦的原因，即为了让生活中最小的快乐也显得更大，选项Because the tiny happiness makes us feel like the great joys（因为微小的快乐让我们感觉像巨大的快乐）与原文中的描述相符，故答案为C。
【答案】41．A
42．C
43．D
44．C
45．D
【知识点】议论文；社会问题；行为习惯；细节理解；文章大意
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文探讨了人们改变姓名的多种原因，包括为了便于记忆、追求个性、适应新环境、婚姻习俗的变化以及个人选择等。文章通过不同人群（如普通人、明星、移民、女性等）的改名实例，展示了改名现象的普遍性和多样性。
【点评】考查阅读理解。主要考查细节理解题和主旨大意题这两种题型。细节理解题注意理解题干问题，抓住题干关键词从文中找到关键信息；主旨大意题注意理解文章的主要内容和核心思想，有时可通过找到主题句来判断文章的主旨。
41．细节理解题。根据原文Hanna changed her name to Anne because she thought it would be easier for people to remember.（Hanna把她的名字改成了Anne，因为她认为这样人们更容易记住）可知，Hanna改变名字的原因是认为Anne这个名字更容易被记住，故答案为A。
42．细节理解题。根据原文On the other hand, Joseph is thinking about changing his name to an unusual name because he wants to be different.（另一方面，Joseph正在考虑把他的名字改成一个不寻常的名字，因为他想变得与众不同）可知，Joseph想要一个不寻常的名字是因为他想与众不同，故答案为C。
43．细节理解题。根据原文In many countries, a woman changes her family name to her husband's after she got married.（在许多国家，女性在结婚后会把她的姓氏改为丈夫的姓氏）可知，女性是在结婚后改变姓氏的，故答案为D。
44．细节理解题。根据原文People have a lot of reasons for changing their names.（人们改变名字有很多原因）可知，人们改变名字的原因有很多不同的原因，故答案为C。
45．主旨大意题。根据原文Anne and Joseph are talking about an interesting question. Why do some people change their names There can be many reasons.（Anne和Joseph正在讨论一个有趣的问题，为什么有些人会改变他们的名字？这背后可能有很多原因）以及整篇文章围绕人们改变名字的原因进行了讨论，可知整篇文章的中心思想是人们改变名字有很多不同的原因，从多个角度进行了详细的阐述，故答案为D。
【答案】46．C
47．B
48．D
49．B
50．D
【知识点】记叙文；志愿服务与公共服务；细节理解
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章讲述了四名志愿者（包括作者自己）前往孤儿院探访的经历。
【点评】考查阅读理解。主要考查细节理解题这种常考题型。细节理解题注意理解题干问题，抓住题干关键词从文中找到关键信息。
46．细节理解题。A：strangers陌生人；B：teachers教师；C：reporters记者；D：governors政府人员，根据原文The four persons were Li Hui，the reporter of Jing Newspaper，Zhao Qiang and Huang Jian，reporters of Chongqing Television Station，and me.（这四个人是《京报》记者李辉，重庆电视台记者赵强和黄健，还有我）可知，这些志愿者是记者，故答案为C。
47．细节理解题。根据原文According to our experience of driving in the disaster area，it would be OK to drive in the morning，but the road was dangerous in the afternoon. So this morning we got off at 6:00 am.（根据我们在灾区开车的经验，早上开车是可以的，但是下午的路很危险。所以今天早上我们六点就出发了），可知志愿者们在早上前往孤儿院，故答案为B。
48．细节理解题。A：By plane.乘飞机；B：On foot.走路；C：By car.开汽车；D：By truck.开卡车，根据原文When we took two vehicles supplies to the orphanage，这里的vehicles指的是卡车，所以志愿者们是开着卡车前往孤儿院的，故答案为D。
49．细节理解题。A：Relaxing.放松的；B：Tired.疲惫的；C：Boring.无聊的；D：Easy.轻松的，根据原文To be honest，my experience in the disaster area were over load. I almost couldn't stand.（说实话，我在灾区的经历是超负荷的。我几乎站不住了），可知志愿者们认为他们的工作是累人的，故答案为B。
50．细节理解题。根据原文But one thing had been supporting me. I had been very grateful to have such a chance to help the people of disaster area, to have such a chance to share my love.（但是有一件事情一直在支持着我，我很感激有这样的机会去帮助灾区的人们，有这样的机会去分享我的爱）可知，志愿者们想要在灾区工作是因为他们想要在那里贡献他们的爱心，故答案为D。
【答案】51．D
52．D
53．A
54．C
55．D
【知识点】议论文；其他节假日与庆祝活动；细节理解；文章大意
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文讨论了父亲节礼物的选择，建议根据不同爸爸的兴趣和喜好来挑选礼物。
【点评】考查阅读理解。主要考查细节理解题和文章大意题这两种常考题型。细节理解题的干扰项常见类型包括正误并存、扩大或缩小范围、偷换概念、以偏概全、无中生有等。在作出选择的过程中，要善于辨别真伪，排除干扰，缩小范围，选出正确答案；文章大意题要在阅读全文并找出关键词和关键句后，需要对这些信息进行总结归纳，提炼出文章的主旨大意。这通常需要对文章内容进行深入理解和分析，找出文章的中心思想和主要观点。
51．细节理解题。根据原文But don't you think that Dad can feel bored getting the same gifts every time （是否认为爸爸每次收到相同的礼物会感到厌倦）可知，作者认为如果每次都送相同的礼物，爸爸可能会感到厌倦，他建议改变父亲节的礼物，故答案为D。
52．细节理解题。A：exercise equipment运动设施；B：sunglasses太阳镜；C：books书籍；D：chess国际象棋，根据原文If he loves indoor games, you may give him chess or cards set or anything else like dartboards.（如果爸爸喜欢室内游戏，可以送给他国际象棋、纸牌或其他类似掷镖游戏的靶）可知，对于喜欢室内运动的爸爸，建议送国际象棋或纸牌等，故答案为D。
53．细节理解题。A：bibliophile dad爱看书的爸爸；B：technology dad爱科技的爸爸；C：sports dad爱运动的爸爸；D：trendy dad新潮的爸爸，根据原文If your dad loves to spend time reading, there can be no better idea than to give him a nice book.（如果你的爸爸喜欢阅读，那么送他一本好书就是最好的主意）可知，如果你有一本书作为父亲节的礼物，你应该送给喜欢阅读的爸爸，故答案为A。
54．细节理解题。根据原文There are a lot of things in the market for Dads who love latest technology. You can buy a new mobile, a camera, a lap top and DVDs.（对于喜欢最新科技的爸爸，市场上有很多东西可以选择，包括新手机、相机、笔记本电脑和DVD等）可知，如果你想送给父亲一台相机，他应该是一个喜欢科技的人，即科技型爸爸，故答案为C。
55．文章大意题。综合全文信息可知，整篇文章都在讨论父亲节礼物的建议，根据不同类型的爸爸（新潮的、运动的、爱书的、科技的）给出了不同的礼物建议，故答案为D。
【答案】56．A
57．C
58．C
59．A
60．C
【知识点】教育类；记叙文；学校生活；细节理解；推理判断
【解析】【分析】文章大意：Nina虽然害怕在众人面前唱歌，但她还是鼓起勇气参加了才艺表演的选拔。在紧张得几乎要放弃时，音乐老师Mrs. Brent鼓励她闭上眼睛、专注唱歌。Nina听从建议并成功演唱，她的歌声赢得了大家的赞赏，包括Mrs. Brent的认可，最终Nina被选中参加才艺表演，她感到非常高兴。这个故事展示了勇气、尝试和自信的重要性。
【点评】考查阅读理解。主要涉及细节理解题和推理判断题这两种常考题型。细节理解题注意使用寻读法（scanning），通过题干中的关键词在文章中快速搜索，确定相关词句或信息点所在的位置，从而缩小阅读范围；推理判断题需要通过上下文、作者的态度、用词等间接推断出来。
56．推理判断题。A：Sunny.晴朗的；B：Rainy.多雨的；C：Snowy.下雪的；D：Cloudy.多云的，根据原文The bright, sunny room left her no place to hide.（明亮、阳光充足的房间让她无处可躲）可推断出，那天的天气是晴朗的，故答案为A。
57．细节理解题。根据原文I didn't think you would tryout. You are so timid in front of people.（我没想到你会参加选拔。你在人前太胆小了）， Luz的话表达了他对Nina在人前表现的看法，认为她胆怯。Nina反驳后，Luz以Yeah, right的轻蔑态度回应并跑去找座位，这表明他并不相信Nina的话，即他不相信Nina说的我一点也不害羞是真的。因此，Luz 笑是因为他不相信Nina在说实话，故答案为C。
58．推理判断题。根据原文She felt small as she walked to the huge, empty stage. Her face was hot and her shaking hands were as cold as ice.，这句话描述了Nina走向舞台时的心理状态和生理反应。她感到自己渺小，脸发烫，手却冰冷如冰，这通常是因为紧张（nervous）所导致的，故答案为C。
59．细节理解题。根据原文Close your eyes, forget about everyone else. Just sing.，这句话是Mrs. Brent对Nina的鼓励，她希望Nina能够专注于自己的演唱，忘记其他人的存在。这表明Mrs. Brent希望Nina能够做好（do well），发挥出自己的最佳水平，故答案为A。
60．推理判断题。A：Silly.愚蠢的；B：Lucky.幸运的；C：Proud.自豪的；D：Terrible.糟糕的，根据原文Nina let out a big sigh and smiled happily.，这句话描述了Nina在得知自己被选中参加才艺表演后的反应。她松了一口气并开心地笑了，这表明她对自己的表现感到满意和自豪（Proud）。因此，Proud是最能描述Nina在故事结尾时情感状态的词语，故答案为C。
【答案】61．B
62．A
63．C
64．C
65．A
【知识点】说明文；自然科学研究；细节理解；推理判断；词义猜测
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章简述了紫外线的影响及防护措施。
【点评】考查阅读理解。主要考查推理判断题、词义猜测题和细节理解题。推理判断题可在文章中寻找与题干相关的直接或间接信息，这些信息可能是作者的观点、态度、描述或举例，它们能为你提供推理的依据；词义猜测的关键在于理解该词所在的上下文。通过前后文的逻辑关系、描述或举例，可以推断出该词的大致含义；细节理解题可根据题干中的关键词或短语，在文章中直接定位相关信息，将文章中的信息与选项进行对比，找出与题干要求完全一致的选项。注意区分相似但不同的信息点。
61．推理判断题。根据原文For example, ultraviolet B (UV-B) rays tell human skin to make vitamin D.（例如，紫外线B（UV-B）射线会促使人类皮肤产生维生素D）可推断出，UV-B射线对人体有积极作用，即促使皮肤产生维生素D，这暗示了维生素D对身体是有益的，选项vitamin D is good for our body（维生素D对我们的身体有好处）符合题意，故答案为B。
62．词义猜测题。根据原文Some scientists think that powerful UV rays could have bleached all the colorful flags white by now.（一些科学家认为，强大的紫外线可能已经将所有彩色的旗帜漂白成白色了），根据词语在这个上下文中的语境可猜测，bleach一词用于描述紫外线对旗帜颜色的影响，即将其漂白成白色。因此，选项漂白是最符合文意的解释，故答案为A。
63．细节理解题。根据原文These astronauts all wore special spacesuits on their missions. Spacesuits were made with heavy fabrics that block out UV rays.（这些宇航员在执行任务时都穿着特殊的宇航服。宇航服是用能阻挡紫外线的厚重布料制成的），可知宇航员在执行任务时穿着能阻挡紫外线的特殊宇航服，这是他们没有受到严重晒伤的主要原因，故答案为C。
64．细节理解题。根据原文To protect them from sunburns, the ISS uses UV-blocking windows. So do most space exploration ships.（为了保护宇航员免受晒伤，国际空间站使用了阻挡紫外线的窗户。大多数太空探索飞船也是如此），可知UV-blocking windows在太空中的广泛使用，选项UV-blocking windows are regularly used on spaceships（UV-blocking windows在太空船上经常被使用）最符合题意，故答案为C。
65．推理判断题。综合全文信息分析可知，整篇文章主要围绕宇航员如何在太空中保护自己免受紫外线伤害进行描述，包括他们穿着的特殊宇航服、使用的头盔以及太空站和太空探索飞船上的UV-blocking windows等，可推断出作者的写作目的是展示宇航员是如何在太空中保护自己免受紫外线伤害的，选项To show how astronauts are protected from UV rays.（展示宇航员是如何保护自己免受紫外线伤害的）最符合题意，故答案为A。
66．【答案】One possible version:
Dear David,
I've just got back home. I want to say thanks to you and your family because you took good care of me during my stay in the UK. You were patient enough to help me with my English. You showed me around London. Your mother sent me to hospital when I felt sick and cooked delicious food for me. Now, I have improved my English and learnt more about British culture. I would like to invite you and your family to my home. I will cook Chinese food for you. I'm sure you
can have a goodtime visiting China.
Yours,
Li Hua
【知识点】应用文写作；人际关系与交往；跨文化沟通与交流；书信、电子邮件
【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文写作。要求给大卫写一封感谢信，感谢大卫及其家人对你的悉心照顾。写作过程中注意包含题目给出的要点，可适当补充相关的内容，注意时态主要为一般过去时，人称主要为第一人称，时态、语态、人称和语气等方面要保持一致性，行文要符合英文的表达习惯，注意语句通顺和上下文的连贯。
【点评】这篇感谢信非常得体且全面，既表达了对大卫及其家人的感激之情，又详细列举了对方给予的帮助和关怀，同时还分享了自己的学习收获，并礼貌地发出了邀请。整封信的语言简洁明了，没有冗余的词汇或句子，同时用词得体，符合感谢信的正式场合。信的格式正确，包括称呼、正文和落款，符合英文书信的书写规范。一些短语和固定表达，如：took good care of me、patient enough、showed me around London、sent me to hospital、cooked delicious food for me，以及句型I would like to invite you and your family to my home.、I'm sure you can have a good time visiting China.不仅丰富了文章的语言，还增强了情感表达的效果。
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