【笔记详解】Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation？【人教新目标八上英语】

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
【笔记详解】Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation 【人教新目标八上英语】
本单元的话题：谈论假期活动内容，复习一般过去时。
本单元的语法：1.复习一般过去时；2.学习不定代词和不定副词的用法。
1.本单元出现的动词不规则过去式有：
is\am → was是 are → were是 go → went去
buy → bought买 take → took拿走 do\does → did做/干
feed → fed喂 see → saw 看见 eat → ate 吃
have\has → had 有;吃 feel → felt感觉 ride → rode骑
get → got到达,得到 can → could能，会 forget → forgot忘记
drink → drank喝 find → found找到
2.不定代词和不定副词的用法：
one body thing where（疑问副词）
some someone somebody something somewhere
any anyone anybody anything anywhere
every everyone everybody everything everywhere
no no one nobody nothing nowhere
（1）左边的some、any、every、no与上边的body、one、thing构成不定代词
some、any、every、no与上边的疑问副词where构成不定副词；
（2）一般情况下以some开头的不定代词和不定副词用于肯定句，以any开头的不定代词和不定副词用于否定句、疑问句；以no开头的不定代词和不定副词表示否定含义。
注意：no one必须分开写，其余不定代词和不定副词都连在一起写。
（3）不定代词或不定副词和形容词连用时，形容词放在后面。
He has something important to do.他有重要的事情要做。
（肯定句用something，形容词important放不定代词之后）
Did you buy anything special （一般疑问句用anything，形容词special放后）
Did you go anywhere interesting last month 上个月你去令人感兴趣的地方了吗？
(一般疑问句用不定副词anywhere，形容词interesting放不定副词后)
（4）不定代词和不定副词做主语时，后面的动词用单数形式。
Everyone is here today.今天每个人都在这里。
本单元的短语和知识点
1.(P1，图片) go on vacation去度假 go to the mountains 上山/进山
2.(P1，1a)
stay at home呆在家 go to the beach去海滩
visit museums 参观博物馆 go to summer camp去夏令营
3.(P2，2b) study for tests为考试而学习\备考 go out出去
4.(P2，2d)
【教材原句】We took quite a few photos there.
quite a few相当多,不少（后跟可数名词复数）
He has quite a few friends. He has a few friends. He has few friends.
他有不少朋友。 他有几个朋友。 他几乎没有朋友。
take photos照相 most of the time大部分时间
5.（P3,语法表格3行)
【教材原句】Did you buy anything special
buy sth for sb = buy sb sth为某人买某物
My grandmother bought me a toy car.
=My grandmother bought a toy car for me.我奶奶给我买了一个玩具车。
6.（P3,语法表格4行)
【教材原句】 Everything tasted really good!
taste good. 尝起来很好
taste（尝起来）、look（看起来）、sound（听起来）、smell（闻起来）和feel（摸起来）均为感官动词，
后跟形容词作表语（表语，用来说明主语是什么或怎么样）
Sichuan food tastes delicious.四川食品尝起来非常可口。
The flower looks beautiful.这花儿看起来很漂亮。
The songs sound beautiful.这些歌曲听起来很优美。
注意：除了感官动词外，连系动词和become、get、turn等表示变化的动词后也可以接形容词作表语。
如：Everything begins to turn green in Spring.在春天，一切都开始变绿了。
Our motherland becomes stronger and stronger.我们的祖国变得越来越强大了。
7.（P3,语法表格5行)
【教材原句】Did everyone have a good time
have a good\great\fun time过得高兴，玩得愉快（=enjoy oneself）
They had a good time yesterday.= They enjoyed themselves yesterday.他们昨天玩得很开心。
8.(P3,3a)
【教材原句】Did you go shopping
go shopping去购物 go + doing =go to do... / go and do...意为“去做...”
类似的还有：go boating 去划船 go swimming 去游泳 go hiking 去爬山
9.(P3,3b,4行)
【教材原句】The only problem was that there was nothing much to do in the evening but read.
nothing…but+动词原形：除了……之外什么都没有
He had nothing to do at home but watch TV yesterday.昨天他在家除了看电视之外无事可做。
10.(P3,3b,5行)
【教材原句】Still nothing seemed to be bored.
seem to do sth:好像… I seem to know him.我好像认识他。
seem+（to be）+形容词：看起来…The work seems（to be）easy.这工作看起来很容易。
11.（P3,3c）keep a diary记日记
12.(P5,2b,1行)
【教材原句】I arrived in Penang in Malaysia this morning with my family.
in+大地方：达到某地 （get to +地方：达到某地）
arrive at+小地方：达到某地 (get的过去式为got)
He arrived in Beijing yesterday.他昨天达到北京。
若是arrive和get后跟home、there、here三个地点副词，后面的介词in\at\to必须去掉。
Tom got home yesterday evening=Tom arrived home yesterday evening.昨晚汤姆到家。
13.(P5,2b,2行)
【教材原句】It was sunny and hot,so we decided to go to the beach near our hotel.
decide to do sth:决定做某事 He decided to go home.他决定回家。
decide的名词decision决定 ，make a decision做决定（to do sth.)
14.(P5,2b,3行)
【教材原句】My sister and I tried paragliding.
try doing sth.尝试做某事 try to do sth.尽力去做某事
The boy tried riding bicycle.这个小孩试着骑自行车
He tried to help the old man.他尽力帮助这个老年人。
15.(P5,2b,4行)
【教材原句】I felt like I was a bird.
feel like给…的感觉；感受到
16.(P5,2b,1段末行)
【教材原句】I wonder what life was like here in the past.I really enjoyed walking around the town.
in the past 在过去 walk around四处走走
enjoy doing sth:喜欢做某事 He enjoys playing basketball.他喜欢打篮球。
17.(P5,2b,2段1行)
【教材原句】What a difference a day makes!
difference(名词，差异，差别)---- different(形容词，不同的)
18.(P5,2b,2段2行)
【教材原句】it started raining a little so we decided to take the train.
start doing sth：开始做某事 （= start to do sth）
He started doing his homework. 他开始做家庭作业。
19.(P5,2b,2段3行)
【教材原句】We waited over an hour for the train because there were too many people.
over an hour一个多小时 （over超过，多余 = more than）
20.(P5,2b,2段4行)
【教材原句】We waited over an hour for the train because there were too many people.
too many 太多，后接可数名词复数。
Mother bought too many eggs yesterday.昨天妈妈买了很多鸡蛋。
too much 太多，后跟不可数名词，修饰动词作状语。
We have too much work to do.我们有很多工作要做。 Don’t talk too much.不要说太多。
much too 太，后跟形容词或副词The hat is much too big for me.这帽子对我来说太大。
You’re walking much too fast.你走地太快了。
分辨三者的口诀： too much, much too, 用法区别看后头:much 后接不可数,too 后修饰形或副。
too many 要记住，后面名词必复数。
(P5,2b,2段6行)
【教材原句】And because of the bad weather,we couldn't see anything below.
because of 因为,后接名词、代词或动名词（即动词+ing），不能接句子。
because因为，后跟句子。
He can’t go to school because of the rain.他因为下雨没去上学。（rain为名词）
He was late for school because of getting up late.他因为起晚而上学迟到。（get为动词）
= He was late for school because he got up late.
I don’t buy the shirt because it was too expensive.我没有买这件衬衣因为它太贵。
22.(P5,2b,2段8行)
【教材原句】My father didn't bring enough money,so we only had one bowl of rice and some fish.
enough(足够的)与名词连用，一般放在名词前
He has enough money .他有足够的钱。(money为名词)
enough(足够的)与形容词或副词连用，enough放在后面。
He is old enough to go to school. (old为形容词)
23.（P6,2d,倒数4行）
【教材原句】We waited a long time for the train and we were wet and cold because we forgot to bring an umbrella.
doing sth.忘记已经做过某事（已经做完）
forget to do sth.忘记去做某事（还未做）(forget的过去式为forgot)
Don’t forget to close the door.不要忘记关上门。（门还未关）
He forgot closing the door.他忘记已经关上门了。（门已经关上，但是他忘了）
24.（P6,2e,5行）
【教材原句】Then we walked for another two hours before we got to the top.
another+数字+可数名词单数或复数：额外多少某物
He ate one apple,he wanted another two apples.他吃了一个苹果，还想再要两个。
25.（P8,self check,2,6行）
【教材原句】My legs were so tired that I wanted to stop.
so+形容词+that+句子：如此…以至于…
too+形容词+to do sth：太…以至于不能…
形容词+enough to do sth：足够…能够做某事（注意三个句型有时可以互换）
He is so young that he can′t go to school.他如此年轻以至于不能去上学。
= He is too young to go to school. 他太年轻以至于不能去上学。
= He isn’t old enough to go to school.
用not ….enough to 时， enough前面的形容词为原形容词的反义词。
26.（P8,self check,2,7行）
【教材原句】My classmates told me to keep going so I went on.
tell sb (not) to do sth:告诉某人（不要）做某事
My mother often tells us not to play in the street.我的妈妈经常告诉我不要在街上玩。
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)