2025届高考英语复习时态和语态 课件（196张）

(共196张PPT)
时态和语态
CONTENTS
时态
01
语态
习题练习
03
02
01
时态
时态：表示谓语动词的动作或状态发生的时间和方式。
现在 过去 将来 过去将来
一般 do/does did shall/will do should/would do
进行 am/is/are doing was/were done shall/will be doing should/would be doing
完成 have/has done had done shall/will have done should/would have done
完成进行 have/has been doing had been doing shall/will have been doing should/would have been doing
一、一般现在时
1.形式：do/does, am/is/are
2. 用法：
（1）表示经常性或习惯性的动作或存在的状态。常与表示频度的时间状语连用，如always, often, usually, every day, now and then, from time to time。
He always acts on the principle he sets for himself.
（2）表示客观事实或普遍真理。
The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
Note:
宾语从句中，如果从句是表示客观事实或规律句子时，时态可以不受主句时态限制，要用一般现在时。
The teacher told his students that light (travel) much faster than sound.
Columbus proved that the earth （be） round.
travels
is
（3）表示主语的特征、状态、能力、品质等。
People enjoy reading books about the rich and famous.
（4）表示安排或计划好的将要发生的动作，或表示按时间表将要发生的动作，这种安排不可更改或随意变动，常常用于动词：be， arrive，come，go，start，begin，leave，return，end，stop。
The concert begins at 7 p.m. and ends at 9 p.m.
（5）在复合句中，当主句是一般将来时，时间状语从句或条件状语从句的谓语动词用一般现在时表将来，即“主将从现”。常见if, unless, when, until, as soon as等。
I'll tell him about the news when he comes.
I'll go with you as soon as I finish my work.
She will visit the West Lake if it doesn't rain tomorrow.
3.时间标志词
every系列：every morning， every afternoon， every evening， every day，every week，every month， every year
频率副词系列：always，usually， often，sometimes，seldom，never
频率词组系列：once a week，twice a week，three times a week，four times a week
Gary is the best singer in my class. No one else ____ so well.
sings
sang
1.
will sing
is singing
答案：A　
简析：加里在我的班上是最好的歌手。没有其他人唱得如此好。 “没有其他人比加里唱歌唱得好”为客观事实，故用一般现在时态，故选择A。
The earth is a planet and it ____ around the sun.
goes
go
2.
will go
went
答案：A　
简析：地球是一个行星,它绕着太阳转。本题考查动词时态。表示客观事实或普遍真理用一般现在时，故选A项。
You will see many aunts dancing together on the square if it ____ in the evening.
will rain
rains
3.
doesn't rain
won’t rain
答案：C　
简析：每次我们玩这个游戏Grace都赢。本题考查动词的时态。根据题干中的every time we play可知此空用一般现在时态,故答案为C项。
Grace ____ this game every time we play.
won
wins
4
will rain
has won
答案：B
简析：如果晚上不下雨的话,你会看到很多阿姨在广场上一起跳舞。本题考查动词的时态。if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时表示将来。故选B项。
Grandpa ____ glasses when he reads.
was wearing
wore
5
has worn
wears
答案 ：D
简析：当爷爷读书时,他戴着眼镜。本题考查动词时态。从句是一般现在时，所以主句也使用一般现在时，表示生活习惯，故选D。
Don't worry. Bill will help you look after your dog when you ____ away on business.
are
were
1.
will be
have been
答案：A　
简析：别担心。在你出差的时候，Bill会帮你照顾你的狗。本题考查状语从句的时态。在含时间状语从句的复合句中，当主句时态为一般将来时，从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。故选A。
Ann ____(speak) German very well.
1.
He ____(be) never late for school.
2.
The train ____(leave) at 10:04 this evening.
3.
I never _____(drink) coffee.
4.
Bad driving ____(cause) many accidents.
5.
speaks
is
leaves
drink
causes
She ____(like) math.
6.
Sarah ____(walk) the dog every day.
7.
Our train ____(leave) at 9:00.
8.
She won’t be happy if she ____ (see) this mess.
9.
If the rain ____(stop), they will go out to pick apples.
10.
likes
walks
leaves
sees
stops
露西擅长艺术。
Lucy is good at art.
安娜不经常喝茶。
Ann doesn’t drink tea very often.
许多城里人每天骑自行车上班。
Many city people ride their bikes to work.
我每天早上8点起床。
I get up at 8 o’ clock every morning.
我足球踢得很好，但自新年以来我就没时间去踢足球了。
I play football very well, but I haven’t had time to play since the new year.
二、一般过去时
1.形式：did
2. 用法：
（1）表示过去某个特定时间或某一段时间内发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示特定过去时间的状语连用，如：three days ago, yesterday, in 1994, last week, last year。
I bought a dog yesterday.
（2）表示在过去一段时间内经常性或习惯性的动作或存在的状态，常与often, usually, seldom 等频度副词连用。
She often came to help us in those days.
3.标志词
yesterday系列： yesterday morning / afternoon …
last系列：last night / week / month / year …
ago系列：two days / weeks / months / years ago …
in系列： in 1998 / in 2008 …
on系列：on Sunday morning / this morning …
What did you do I_______ TV last night.


1.
watch
watched
答案：D
解析：本题考查一般过去时的用法,，由did 和 last night 可知此处应该用一般过去时。
watches
to watch
--Did you do anything interesting last Sunday
--Not really. I just _____ at home.

2.
stayed
am staying
答案：A
解析：本题考查一般过去时的用法。
stay
will stay
The old man ____ in Shanghai, but he ____ in Haikou now.
was born; lives

was born; live
3.
is born; lives
be born; live
答案：A
解析：本题考查一般过去时的用法，一般过去时，表示过去发生的动作或状态。
David is a tennis player. He to play tennis when he was six years old.
begins
began
2.
will begin
has begun
答案：B　
句意：David是一位网球运动员,当他六岁的时候他就开始打网球了。此题考查动词时态。从句中的“六岁”代表了过去的时间，从句的时态为一般过去时态,那么主句的时态自然确定为表示过去的某种时态，故选B。
I went to the Great Wall last weekend.
I did not go to the Great Wall last weekend.
I went to the Great Wall last weekend.
Did you go to the Great Wall last weekend
—Has your daughter come back from Australia
—Yes. She ____ there for three years.
has stayed
stays
1.
had stayed
stayed
答案 D　句意:——你女儿从澳大利亚回来了吗 ——回来了,她在那儿待了三年。本题考查动词的时态。设空处动作发生在过去，用一般过去时。
易错警示　本题容易错选A。如果只看到for three years,认为它与现在完成时连用而忽视句
意,可能误选A项。
—The bread is really delicious.
—Thank you. I ____ it myself.
made
make
2.
will make
am making
答案 ：A　句意:——这个面包真的很好吃。——谢谢。我自己做的这个面包。本题考查一般过去时态。“我自己制作面包”这件事发生在过去，由此可知本空应用一般过去时态，故选择A。
The debate on whether to keep pets ____ forty minutes yesterday afternoon.
last
lasted
3.
will last
has lasted
答案 B　句意:昨天下午,那场关于是否养宠物的辩论持续了四十分钟。 本题考查动词的一般过去时态。根据yesterday afternoon可知此处时态应为一般过去时。
—Jerry, have you ever been to the Great Wall
—Yes. I ____ there with my parents last year.
go
have gone
4.
will go
went
答案 D　句意:——Jerry,你曾经去过长城吗 ——去过,去年我和我父母去的那儿。此题考查时态。根据答句中的时间状语last year判断出此句是一般过去时,故选D。
易错警示　题干第一句中的现在完成时容易误导学生选择时态一致,从而也选择现在完成时,
考生一定要根据明确的时间状语进行判断和选择。
I still don't know what ____ while I was away from home.
You'll know it all some day, I believe.
had happened
would happen
5.
has happened
happened
答案 D　句意:——我仍旧不知道当我不在家的时候发生了什么。——我相信总有一天你会知道的。本题考查一般过去时。上句中有while引导的时间状语从句,根据时态一致性的原则可知C选项不正确。再根据从句while I was away from home可知主句内容应指“在我不在家时”发生过的事情,由此可知本句用一般过去时,故选D。
I've just returned from my trip to London. I ____ (visit) many interesting places there.
1.
—Linda is not coming for the party tonight.
—But she ____ (promise) !
2.
Several journalists ____ (interview) the lawyer about the international case an hour ago.
3.
—Did you do anything interesting last Sunday
—Not really. I just ____ (stay) at home.
4.
—Oh, my God! I ____ (not know)you were in
Beijing, too! When did you come
—I have lived in Beijing since 2015.
5.
visited
promised
interviewed
stayed
didn't know
1.句意:我刚从伦敦旅行回来,参观了那里很多有趣的地方。本题考查动词的时态。
根据前一句的时态是现在完成时,可知本句话是在具体描述发生过的事情,所以用一般过去时
态。
2.句意:——琳达今晚将不来参加聚会。——但是她答应过!本题考查动词时态。由答语“但是她答应过”可知“答应”发生在说话之前,属于过去时间里发生的动作
3.句意:几个新闻记者一个小时前就这个国际案件采访了那个律师。本题考查动词的时态。由时间状语an hour ago可知本空用一般过去时态
4.句意:——上周日你做什么有趣的事了吗 ——没什么,我只是待在家里了。本题考查一般过去时的用法。根据问句中的标志词“last Sunday”可知该题选择一般过去时
5.句意:——噢,天哪!我不知道你也在北京!你什么时候来的 ——我自2015年以来就住在北京了。本题考查动词的时态。由句意可知此处仅说明“不知道”这个动作发生在过去,与现在没有关系,所以本句应用一般过去时态
三、一般将来时
1.will+动词原形：
将要发生的动作或存在的状态。
My elder brother will be twenty years old next year.
shall用于第一人称，will用于各种人称。
I shall/will get better grades next term.
2.be going to do+动词原形，表明主观打算做某事或迹象表明即将发生某事。
Jean is going to meet me at the airport.
It is cloudy. I think it is going to rain soon.
语法总结
形式 用法 人称 变化
shall 征求意见 更多用于 第一人称 shall无变化
will 表示意愿 临时决定 不限 will无变化
be going to 已计划好 有迹象的 不限 be有变化
3.be to do:常表示按安排、计划、约定、意图、 职责、义务、命令或要求必须做的事或即将发生的动作。
The government is to introduce a new law next month.
The Prime Minster is to visit China tomorrow.
Note:
be on the point of doing 表示即将做某事，“正要做......，即将做......”
She is on the point of crying.
I'm busy now. I ____ to you after school this afternoon.
talk
talked
1.
will talk
have talked
答案： C　
简析：我现在忙。今天下午放学后我找你谈话。本题考查动词时态。由句意可知还没有发生,应用一般将来时,故答案为C项。
— Do you have any plans for tonight
— Yes, I ____ at the new Italian restaurant in town.
eat
have eaten
2.
ate
am going to eat
答案：D
简析：你今晚有什么计划吗 有,我打算去镇上的那家新开的意式饭店吃饭。本题考查动词时态。根据句意和关键词plans for tonight 可知应该使用一般将来时,故选D项。
— Excuse me, what time does Flight BA 2793 leave
— Just a minute. I ____ it for you.
check
checked
3.
will check
Have checked
答案：C　
简析：打扰一下, BA2793航班什么时候起飞 请稍等,我为你查一下。本题考查动词的时态。根据Just a minute.可知,此处应用一般将来时。故选C项。
牛刀小试
I believe he ____ ____(be) able to reach the top of the mountain ____ ____ ____(两天后).
There ____ ____ ____ ____ ____(not be) a new American film on ________ _________(下周).
____ your teacher ____(show) you around the museum ________ _____________(明天早上).
The school sports meeting ____ ____ ____ ____(take) place ____ ______________ _______(2018年10月).
will be
in twodays
is not going to be
next week
Will show
tomorrow morning
is going to take
on Sept. 10th, 2018
4.be about to do 表示正要或即将发生的动作，不能与表示将来的时间状语连用。
The new school year is about to begin.
We are about to leave, so there is no time to visit her now.
Note: 否定形式：
be not about to do “不愿做......，不打算做.......”
She is not about to make the same mistakes.
5. be doing 表示在不久的将来要做某事，或按计划、安排将要发生的某事。
Like other people, I am starting to pay attention to my health.
I am taking Jane out of dinner tonight.
Note:只能用于位移动词：
join,leave, go, come, start, begin, arrive, stay, take, take off
Decide whether will do or the present continuous tense is better and fill in the blanks.
I ___________________ (always, love) you.
My parents and I __________________ (visit) the Architecture
Museum this weekend.
3. I think you ____________ (find) this guidebook useful.
4. We ____________ (take) a trip to Hubei next month to see my
grandmother.
5. _______________ (you, contact) the travel agent this Friday
6. If you ask him, I’m sure he __________ (give) you a ride to the
airport.
will always love
are taking
Are you contacting
will give
are visiting
will find
Fill in the blanks.
Lily ____________________
Ding Zhen’s hometown during the October holiday.
will visit/ is visiting
Fill in the blanks.
Look at the clouds in the sky. It _____________ rain soon, I’m afraid.
is going to
Fill in the blanks.
The baby ______ be four years old next year.
will
一般将来时常见时间状语：
tomorrow类：tomorrow, the day after tomorrow 等
next +时间：next week, next month, next year 等
in + 时间段：in two days, in a week 等
其他：in the future , one day, someday 等
We ____ to Yun Brocade Museum with the exchange students this coming summer holiday.
went
go
1.
have gone
will go
略
Look on the bright side of life and imagine that you ____ a happy and successful future.
had
will have
2.
have
have had
答案：B
简析：往好的方面想,想象你会拥有一个幸福成功的未来。本题考查一般将来时的用法。由imagine和future可知,本题答案为B
Do you think ____ a meeting tomorrow afternoon
is there
there is going to be
3.
there was
there is
答案：B
简析：往好的方面想,想象你会拥有一个幸福成功的未来。本题考查一般将来时的用法。由imagine和future可知,本题答案为B
My hands are dirty. I ____(wash) them.
1.
What ____ you ____(wear) at the party tonight, Michael
2.
It’s a nice day. I don’t want to take the bus. I ____(walk).
3.
Steve is going to London next week. He ____(stay) with some friends.
4.
There’s a good film on Channel 6 tonight. ____ you ____(watch) it
5.
am going to
wash
are … going to
wear
am going to
walk
is going to
stay
Are … going to
watch
四、现在进行时
1.形式：be doing
2.用法：
（1）表示现在、目前或现阶段正在进行的动作或发生的事情。
Today the number of students are learning English in the classroom.
He is studying physics very hard these days.
Mary is helping Tom pack this suitcase at present.
（2）与always, forever, constantly等副词连用，表示某种感情，如赞许、厌烦、不满、同情等。表示“总是，老是”。
He is always making trouble for his friends.
The little boy is always thinking of others.
3.标志词
Look! Listen!
now, at this moment, at present
these days, this/month/year
Note:不能用于进行时态的动词：
（1） 事实状态的动词
have, belong, possess, cost, owe, exist, include, contain, matter, weigh, measure, continue
（2）心理状态的动词Know, realize, think see, believe, suppose, imagine, agree, recognize, remember, want, need, forget, prefer, mean, understand, love, hate
Note:不能用于进行时态的动词：
（3） 瞬间动词
accept, receive, complete, finish, give, allow, decide, refuse.
（4） 系动词
seem, remain, lie, see, hear, smell, feel, taste, get, become, turn
—Hurry up! We ____ for you at the gate.
—I'm sorry, I'm coming soon.
wait
will wait
1
have been waited
are waiting
答案：D
解析： -快点！我们都在大门口等你呢。-抱歉啊，我马上就来。根据句意，我们可知等是当前正在发生的动作，所以用现在进行时，故选D。
—Ann, could you help me
—Wait a minute. I ____．
am locking the door
have locked the door
2
lock the door
was locking the door
答案：A
解析：根据回答者的意思和时态可以分析出，“等我一下，我正在锁门”比较适合语境，故选A。
Look! A little boy ____ a blind man cross the road.
help
helps
3
is helping
helped
答案： C
解析： 当我们看到look这个标志词时，基本可以确定，后面要用现在进行时，故选C。
The boy is ____ (draw) a picture now.
1.
They’re ____ (have) an English lesson.
2.
What ____(be) our daughter doing
3.
She ____(listen) to music.
3.
Look! Tom and John ____ (swim).
4.
drawing
having
is
is listening
are swimming
解析：主要考察动词变为现在分词的变化规律，并且需要注意主谓一致。
—Honey, where are you
—I ____. Just let me put on my shoes.
come
came
1
am coming　
have come
答案：C　
简析：亲爱的,你在哪儿？马上来,让我穿上鞋。根据语境可知这个动作是将要发生,属于将来时态,come这个词可以用现在进行时表示将来,所以选C项。
Don't take the dictionary away. I ____ it.
use
used
2
am using　
have used
答案：C　
简析：不要把字典拿走。我正在用它呢。本题考查动词的时态。由题干中的祈使句 “Don't take the dictionary away.” 可知用现在进行时,故选择C。
—Paul, I'm busy cooking. Can you give me a hand
—Just a minute. I ____ my e-mail.
am checking
will check
3
have checked
was checking
答案：A
简析：保罗，我正忙着做饭。你能帮我一下吗？稍等,我正在检查我的电子邮件。本题考查动词的时态。根据语境可知是正检查电子邮件，故应该选择现在进行时。
—Can I speak to Mrs. Thomson
—Hold on please. She ____ dishes in the kitchen.
washes
has washed
4
washed　
is washing
答案：D　
简析：我能和Thomson夫人讲话吗 ——请稍等,她正在厨房洗盘子。本题考查动词时态。根据语境“洗盘子”为现在正在进行的动作,故用现在进行时,选D。
Be quiet! The baby ____.
sleeps
slept　
5
are sleeping
is sleeping
答案：D　
简析：安静点!婴儿正在睡觉。本题考查动词的时态。根据语境可知应该使用现在进行时,主语是第三人称单数,故选D。
Sorry, mum can‘t come to the phone now. She ___________(have) a shower.
1.
Everyone wants to reach the top of the mountain, but all the happiness happens while you _________________(climb) it.
2.
—Hi, Nora. Is your mother at home
—Just a minute! She ______________(plant) flowers.
3.
—I'm not finished with my dinner yet.
—But our friends ______________(wait) for us.
4.
We’re proud that China _______________(become) stronger and stronger these years.
5.
主要考察现在进行时的用法和结构，并且考察了动词变现在分词的变化规律
is having
are climbing
is planting
are waiting
is becoming
五、过去进行时
1.形式：was/were doing
2.用法：表示过去某一时刻、某段时间内或某个动作发生时正在进行的动作。
I was going shopping with my mum yesterday morning.
We were talking about that book at that time.
表示两个动作同时进行时候，用while连接。
While Tom was drying his car, he notice that the garage roof was leaking.
sb. was/were doing sth when sth. done.
某人正在做某事的时候，某事正在发生。
The students were playing football outdoors when the educator arrived.
类似句型：sb. be about to do when sth done
sb. be on the point of doing when sth done
sb. had just done sth. when sth done
3.标志词：
at that time
at that moment
this time yesterday
the whole morning
Mary ____ a math problem with her classmates
when the math teacher knocked at the classroom door.
has discussed
was discussed
1.
was discussing
discusses
答案：C
简析：本题干中有when引导的过去时态的状语从句，这是过去进行时的标志之一，再根据句意，我们可以知道这空填过去进行时比较合适，故选择C项
We couldn't find you anywhere around 8:00 yesterday evening.
I am sorry for it. My mother and I ____ in the square.
danced
will dance
2.
were dancing
are dancing
答案：C
解析：根据题干中around 8:00 yesterday evening，这是过去进行时的标志词，而答句中，前半句用一般现在时，只是回答者对着听到的事情感到抱歉，而后半句说的仍然是 around 8:00 yesterday evening所发生的动作，而根据意思，我们可以发现，过去进行时会比较合适，故选择 C项。
-I saw the light of your room was still on at two o'clock last night.
-Oh, I ____ a football match of the Russia World Cup.
watched
was watched
am watching
was watching
答案：D
简析：我看到你房间的灯昨晚两点还亮着。哦,我正在看俄罗斯世界杯足球赛。主语I和谓语动词watch之间存在主动关系,故排除B选项。根据时间状语at two o'clock last night可知此处表示当时正在发生的动作,因此要用过去进行时,故答案为D项。
1.
Sorry I‘m late. I ____ with a friend and I completely forgot the time.
talk
am talking
was talking
will talk
2.
答案：C　
简析：对不起,我迟到了。我刚才正在和一个朋友谈话,完全忘记了时间。A项是一般现在时;B项是现在进行时;C项是过去进行时;D项是一般将来时。现在来迟了是因为刚才和朋友的谈话,后文有forgot(forget的过去式),提示此处要填过去的时态。
Some exchange students ____ with their host families this time yesterday.
are chatting
will chat
were chatting
have chatted
3.
答案：C
简析：一些交换生昨天的这个时候正在和他们的寄宿家庭聊天。本题考查动词的时态。由时间状语this time yesterday可知应用过去进行时态,故本题选择C。
-When did the classroom have a power cut
-This morning, while we 　　 a physics lesson.
have had
were having
are having
will have
4.
答案：B
简析：教室什么时候停电的 今天早上,我们正在上物理课的时候。本题考查动词的时态。根据问句和答语的while可知,此处表示过去正在做某事,应用过去进行时。故选B项。
-I called you at 8:30 last night, but you didn't pick up.
-Oh, I ____ “HuanlesongⅡ” at home at that time.
have watched
were watching
was watching
will watch
5.
答案：C
简析：我昨晚八点半给你打电话了,但是你没有接。哦,那时我正在家里看《欢乐颂Ⅱ》。本题考查动词的时态。由时间状语at that time可知本题用过去进行时,故本题选择C。
I saw Sam and David in the playground yesterday afternoon. They __________________ (play) games with their classmates then.
语法填空
01
were playing
Could you tell me where you found Miss Gao just now
Certainly. In the principal’s office. They ____________ (talk) happily at that time.
语法填空
02
were talking
I saw Jeff in the park . He ____________ (sit) on the grass and reading a book.
语法填空
03
was sitting
Did you watch the football match on TV last night
I wanted to, but my mother _______________ (watch) her favorite TV program.
语法填空
04
was watching
Tim Cook called his mother every week even while he _______________ (travel) around the world.
语法填空
05
was traveling
六、将来进行时
1.形式：shall/will be doing
2.用法：
表示将来某一时刻、某段时间内或某个动作发生时正在进行的动作，或按计划在将来某一时刻、某段时间内或某个动作发生时将要进行的动作。
What will you be doing this time tomorrow
She will be studying French at college this time next year.
3.标志：at 8 a.m. tomorrow, in the next three weeks, this time tomorrow/next week/next year
Complete the sentences using the appropriate forms of the verbs in brackets.
Don't call me between 12:30 and 13:00. I ________________ a nap. (take)
After the training, the farmers decided that they ____________________________ tomatoes the next year. (grow)
The engineer was sure that the medical tests ____________ that he was healthy. (show)
The day after tomorrow they are going to play football from 4:00 to 6:00 p.m. So at 4:30 they ________________ soccer. (play)
will be taking
would grow / would be growing
would show
will be playing
Complete the sentences using the appropriate forms of the verbs in brackets.
Do you think you ___________________ the same job in ten years time (still do)
If you need to contact me, I ___________________ at the Waterfall Hotel until this Saturday. (stay)
A: If you see David, can you ask him to call me
B: Sure. I ________________ him this afternoon. I will tell him
then.(see)
8. A: Is it all right if I come at about 7:00
B: Not really.I ________________ the news and having
dinner with my family. (watch)
will still be doing
will be staying
will be seeing
will be watching
七、现在完成时
1.形式：have/has done
2.用法：（1）表示过去发生的动作或事情对现在的影响或结果，着眼于现在。
We have just come back from the United States.
I have only been to the Great Wall once.
（2）表示从过去开始并持续到现在的动作或状态，而且还有可能继续持续下去。
They have been best mates since school.
Their music has become popular in recent years.
3.标志词：
for + 时间段 / since + 过去时间点(从句)
already / yet / ever / never / just / recently / lately
so far / in the past few years
up to now
in recent years
Note：since引导的时间状语从句常用一般过去时，主句常用现在完成时。
The Greens have lived in Beijing since they came to China.
When Pain destroyed the village, everyone was looking for Naruto. But no one could find him. Where has he gone
Naruto has gone to Miao Mu Mountain. He was improving his skills in Miao Mu Mountain. He has been in Miao Mu Mountain for one week.
have gone to
have been to
去了
到过
已经去了某地，还没回来
曾经到过某地，已经回来
have been in
已经在
在某地一段时间
特殊句型：
（1）This/That/It is the+序数词+time+that 从句
从句应用现在完成时，“这是......第几次......”
This is the first time that his painting has been displayed to the public.
Note：
This/That/It was the+序数词+time+that 从句
从句用过去完成时
This was the first time that his painting had been displayed to the public.
特殊句型：
（2）“This/That/It is the best/worse/most/only...(+adj.)+n.+(that)从句”，从句用现在完成时
It is the easiest job that I have ever done.
（3）“It is/has been+一段时间+since从句”表示“自从......有多久”，since不能用否定形式，且时态用一般过去时。
It has been three years since they got married.
It is five years since he was in the army.
—____ you ever ____ the history museum, Paul
—No, I haven’t.
Do, visit
Did,visit
1.
Have, visited
Will, visit
答案：C
解析：从现在完成时标志词ever和答语可知选C。
—Look! Someone ____ the classroom.
—Well, it wasn’t me. I didn’t do it.
is cleaning
was cleaning
2.
has cleaned
will clean
答案：C
解析：根据it wasn’t me. I didn’t do it.可以判断打扫教室这个动作发生在过去，对现在造成了影响，教室已经打扫了，所以这里用现在完成时。
—____ you ____ what club you want to join
—Not yet.
Do; decide
Have; decided
3.
Are; deciding
Can; decide
答案：B
解析：根据句意：你已经决定参加哪个俱乐部了吗？表示已经做了某事用现在完成时。除此之外也可以通过答语Not yet得知选B。
—What do you think of your Middle School life
—It ____ many sweet memories in my heart in the past 3 years.
leave
left
4.
has left
will leave
答案：C
解析：根据句意和现在完成时标志词in the past 3 years可得知本题选C。
What is 瞬间动词？
动作不能延续，动作一旦发生就立即结束，并产生某种结果。
这类动词可以用于现在完成时，不能和for和since表示一段时间的状语连用。
常见的有： buy, join, become, begin, come, go, die, leave, borrow
What is 延续性动词？
动作不但可以延续，而且可以产生持久的影响。
这类动词常用于表示一段时间的状语连用。
常见的有： live, work, teach, study, stay, wait, sleep
Note:瞬间转延续的规律
瞬间动词 → be+ 形容词/副词
leave → be away borrow → keep
buy → have begin → be on
die → be dead finish → be over
join → be in become → be
get to → be in leave → be away
fall asleep → be asleep
get married → be married
-Did you borrow the comic book from the library？
-Yes, I ____ it for three days. I’ll return it this afternoon.
borrowed
kept
1.
have borrowed
have kept
答案：D
解析：for three days为一段时间，在现在完成时里不能和短暂性动词borrow连用, 要换成延续性动词keep。
Yang jiang, a famous female writer, ____for about a month so far.
died
has been dead
2.
have been dead
has died
答案：B
解析：for about a month为一段时间，在现在完成时里不能和短暂性动词die连用, 要换成延续性动词短语be dead。又因主语是第三人称单数，故用has。
—What a nice watch! How long ____ you ____it
—For two weeks.
will; buy
have; had
3.
were; having
did; buy
答案：B
解析：从问句how long可知问拥有某物已有多久。For two weeks为时间段在现在完成时里不能和短暂性动词buy连用, 要换成延续性动词have。
—How long ____ you ____ in Liping, Mr. Green
—Since last month.
did; come
do; come
4.
have; come
have; been
答案：D
解析：从问句how long问Mr. Green待在Liping有多久了，和答语现在完成时标志词since last month可知用现在完成时。又因come为瞬间动词，故不能和since引导的时间状语连用，改用延续性的been表状态。
My father ____ (read) the novel twice.
1.
The students ____(study) in the middle school since last month.
2.
Wu Dong ____(be) a singer for one year.
3.
____ she ever ____(teach) you English
4.
I ____(give) my friend a nice book recently.
5.
has read
have studied
has been
Has; taught
have given
语法填空
—Where is your brother
—He ____ __________ to the shop.
He’ll be back soon.
—______ you ever _________ to America
—Yes, I ______ ________ to New York twice.
has gone
Have
been
have been
1
2
语法填空
—Is Benny here
—No, he ____ __________ __ the school library.
He left five minutes ago.
Tina _______ _______ __ Shanghai for two years.
1
2
has gone to
have been in
I have borrowed the book for 2 weeks.
1.
The film has begun for 5 minutes.
2.
I have bought the bike for two years.
3.
Bob have been in Hainan for two years.
4.
The dog has died for a day.
5.
kept
been on
had
has
been dead
八、过去完成时
1.形式：had done
2.用法：
表示过去某一时刻前已完成的事情，或者表示从过去某个时间开始一直延续到过去另一个时间的动作。表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”。
When the police arrived, the thieves had run away.
He said that he had learned some English before.
She had washed the clothes before she watched TV.
3.标志词：
before/after/when/by + 过去时间
by the end of + 过去时间，“到.....为止”
Note: by the time+时间
①by+过去时间，主句时态：过去完成时（had done）
By the time he was 18, he had applied for a doctor's degree.
②by+现在时间，主句时态：现在完成时（have/has done）
By now, I have learned 6 English songs.
③by+将来时间，主句时态：将来完成时（will have done）
By the time you come back, I will have finished it .
特殊用法：
no sooner...than...
hardly ...when...
scarcely...when...
一 ... 就 ...
We had no sooner left the village than it began to rain.
= No sooner had we left the village than it began to rain.
They had hardly/scarcely left their village when/before the flood peak arrived.
= Hardly/Scarcely had they left their village when the flood peak arrived.
no sooner, hardly/scarcely 位于句首时，主句用部分倒装, 将过去完成时中的助动词 had 提到主语之前。
Tom had mastered four languages ____.
so far
by ten
1.
last year
now
Tina had learnt over two thousand English words ____.
recently
for two weeks
2.
by the end of last year
last year
____ I got home, I realized I had left my keys in the backpack.
When
Since
3.
Who
For
He ____ in the factory for three years before he joined
the Army.
had worked
worked
1.
has worked
Will work
答案：A
简析：在他参军之前，他已经在工厂里工作了三年。这里描述了两件事情，其中“参军”这件事发生在之后，因此“在工厂里工作”需用过去完成时。
I ____ half of the work by yesterday, so the rest of it
is just a piece of cake for me.
finish
have finished
2.
had finished
finished
答案：C
简析：截止昨天，我已经完成了一半的工作，剩下的对我来说简直就是小菜一碟。这里截止时间是“昨天”属于过去的时间，而“完成了一半的工作”这件事在之前发生，因此用过去完成时。
How many English words ____ you ____ by the end of last term
had; learnt
have; learnt
3.
did; learn
are; learnt
答案：A
简析：上个学期为止，你学了多少个单词？这里也有截止时间，并且是过去，所以用过去完成时。
The bus ____ for five minutes when Tim arrived at the station.
went
has left
4.
had left
had been away
答案：D
简析：公交车已经离开了5分钟了，提姆才到公交站。根据语境，“提姆到公交站”是发生在之后的，故“公交车离开”使用过去完成时。
By the end of last year,
Bob ____ (learn) 3000 English words.
1.
That rich old man ____ (make) a will
before he ____ (die).
2.
When I ____(arrive) at the station,
the bus ____(leave).
3.
4.
She ____ (not go) to Qingdao because she____ (go) there before.
5.
had learned
had made
died
arrived
had left
had painted
moved
didn’t go
had been
We ____ (paint) the house
before we ____ (move) in.
改为否定句
We had learned 1,000 English words by then.
We had not learned 1,000 English words by then.
1
改为一般疑问句 (肯定回答)
Tom had left his backpack at home when he got to school.
Had Tom left his backpack at home when he got to school
2
Yes, he had.
画线部分提问
By the time I arrived,
Tom had finished the work.
What had Tom done
by the time you arrived
3
由于我们犯了一个严重错误，
所以计划失败了。
Our plan failed because
we had made a bad mistake.
1
在我睡觉前
已经把所有的灯都关掉了。
I had turned off all the lights
before I went to bed.
2
上学期末
Bob已经读了四本名著。
By the end of last term,
Bob had read four classics.
3
九、将来完成时
1.形式：shall/will have done
2.用法：（1）表示在将来某时之前或某动作发生之前已经发生的动作。
We shall/will have met that manager by next Monday.
（2）表示一个持续到将来某时之前或某动作发生之前的动作。
By next Monday, he will have studied here for three years.
3.标志词：by+将来时间
1. By the time Jack returns home from England, his son __________(graduate) from college.
2. On her next birthday, she ________________(be) married for twenty years.
3. We _________________(learn) 5000 words by the end of the term.
4. The building _________________ (build)by the end of next year.
5. By the time next week, the winners _________________ (receive)their awards.
will have graduated
will have been
will have learned
will have built
will have received
6. The fashion show _________________(last)a full week by the time it ends.
7. We __________________(live) here for few years by next March.
8. She ______________________(reach)Beijing by the end of this week.
9. I ______________________(finish) this work by next week.
10. By the time you arrived in London, we _________________(stay) in Europe for two weeks.
will have lasted
will have lived
will have reached
will have finished
will have stayed
十、现在完成进行时：
1.形式：have/has been doing
2.用法：
表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在的动作，这个动作可能刚刚结束，也可能还要继续进行下去。强调动作的持续性；还可表示重复性的动作。
The patient has been complaining of a pain in his stomach since noon.
3.标志词：all this time, this week, this month, all morning, recently, for+时间，since+时间
多用延续性动词
Practice
For the whole morning, the board of directors ___________ ___________(discuss) the resolution to increase wages in the coming year.
Jason’s only recreation is painting. He ______________ (learn) how to paint for over five years.
Even though we lost the game, we should be proud of ourselves because we ______ (try) our best and _______ (work) as a team.
has been
discussing
has been learning
tried
worked
Complete the sentences below using the correct tenses of the verbs in brackets. Then explain your reasons to your partner.
Practice
Complete the sentences below using the correct tenses of the verbs in brackets. Then explain your reasons to your partner.
He finally ________ (finish) the research paper under his tutor’s guidance.
My nephew Sam _________________ (collect) comic books since he was five. Now he has more than two hundred of them.
The company ________________________________ (launch) an advertising campaign to promote its corporate image.
finished
has been collecting
is launching / has launched / launched
十一、过去完成进行时
1.形式：had been doing
2.用法：
表示在过去某个时间或某个动作发生之前一直在进行的动作或存在的状态；还可表示在过去某段时间内反复发生的动作。
We had been waiting for an hour when the bus finally came.
3.标志：for / since + 表示过去的某个时间点：for two years, since last week
by the time + 过去的时间点或动作：by the time he woke up, by midnight
1、The receptionist ____________________ the applications for the interview. (accept)
2、The delivery boy ___________________________ the parcel on time at the destination. (not/deliver)
3、Ben _____ always ______________ in front of his teacher in his lecture. (nod)
4、_____ Thomas friends always _________________ him in school (annoy)
5、They _______________________ much because of their friend’s absence. (not/enjoy)
had been accepting
hadn’t been delivering
had
been nodding
Had
been annoying
hadn’t been enjoying
6、John ______________________ in front of his teacher in the lecture. (make noise)
7、_____ those people always ________________ that boy in school (bully)
8、They _______________________ much because there was no music. (not/enjoy)
9、The dam ________________________ in the rainy season. (overflow)
10、When I saw him, he ______________________ in the temple. (beg)
had been making
Had
been bullying
hadn’t been enjoying
had been overflowing
had been begging
11、John _______________________ the job offer of the MNC of Cambridge. (reject)
12、I ________________________ the freewheel of this machine yesterday. (change)
13、She _______________________ the water in the milk to give to the customers. (not/mix)
14、Her brother _____ always ____________________ her from intruders. (protect)
15、They __________________________ the overall budget of the party last night. (not/calculate)
had been rejecting
had been charging
hadn’t been mixing
had
been protecting
hadn’t been calculating
十二、过去将来时
1.形式：should/would do
was/were going to do
was/were to do
was/were about to do
was/were doing（位移动词）
2.用法：表示过去某时看将来要发生的动作或存在的状态。
Mary told me she was coming to see me the next day.
It seemed as if it was going to rain.
主句 (一般过去时) ＋ 宾语从句 (过去将来时)
条件/时间状语从句 (一般过去时)
Uncle Sam said he ____ my birthday party, but he never showed up.
That’s Uncle Sam. He forgets everything!
will attend
would attend
1.
has attended
had attended
答案：B
Did you predict that many students ____up for the singing competition
signed
would sign
2.
have signed
had signed
答案：B
Tom said he ____happy if Tina ____ to China the next week.
was; come
was; would come
3.
would be; came
will be; come
答案：C
He said the train ____ at seven the next morning.
was leaving
left
4.
has left
will leave
略
The teacher asked Tom what he ____ when he grew up.
was
is going to be
5.
was going to be
has been
答案：C
He would love teaching forever.（改为疑问句）
Would he love teaching forever
句型转换
1
He would love teaching forever.（改为否定句）
He would not love teaching forever.
句型转换
2
Jenny said she ____ her holiday in China.
spent
would spent
1.
was going to spend
has spent
略
Father said that he ____ me to Beijing the next year.
took
would take
2.
takes
will take
略
were going to grow
are going to grow
will grow
have grown
We were not sure whether they ____ more vegetables.
3.
略
The scientists said the world’s population ____ (slow) down in future.
1.
Miss Zhang said she ____(visit) the Great Wall next summer.
2.
She told him that she ____(not stay) here for long.
3.
He was fifty-six. In two years, he ____(be) fifty-eight.
4.
She said the bus ____(leave) at five the next morning.
5.
would slow
would visit
wouldn’t stay
would be
was leaving
02
语态
语态：
He closes the door.
主动语态：
主语是动作的执行者。
The door is closed by him.
被动语态：
主语是动作的承受者。
主动语态变被动语态的方法：
We speak English . （主动语态）
主语 谓语 宾语
English is spoken by us .（被动语态）
主语 谓语 宾语
宾变主，主变宾，前加by
动变被，看清be，结构分别be+pp
1
2
3
被动语态
1.形式：be done
2.不能使用被动语态的情况：
（1）所有的不及物动词或不及物动词词组不能用于被动语态之中。
如：take place(发生)，happen(发生)，die , end (vi. 结束), fail, lie, come true
The story happened in 1990 .
（2）系动词无被动语态：be, become, fall, feel, get, grow, keep, look,seem, smell, sound, taste.
The piece of music sounds good.
2.不能使用被动语态的情况：
（3）表示静态的动词或短语没有被动语态：
last, benefit, dislike, join, mean, have, possess, lack, cost, equal, become, suffer, look like, consist of, belong to, feel like
Each game lasts about an hour.
3.用法：
（1）当不知道或没有必要指出动作执行者时。
Printing was introduced into Europe from China.
（2）当强调或突出动作的承受者时。
The three-year plan was very successfully carried out.
4.特殊句型：
It is/was said/supposed/reported/believed/expected that
据....../人们......
=sb/sth is/was said/supposed/reported/believed/expected to do
It is said that the company will take relevant measures.
=The company is said to take relevant measures.
It was reported that this country had launched another satellite.
=This country was reported to have launched another satellite.
（一）一般现在时被动：主语+ am / is / are+done
Smokers are warned that smoking is harmful to their health.
（二）一般过去时被动：主语+was / were + done
They were given a warm send-off last week.
（三）现在完成时被动：主语+have / has + been +done
Many new buildings have been completed in the city.
（四）过去完成时被动：主语+had been+done
He had been warned not to tell anyone about it.
（五）一般将来时被动：主语+will + be + done
Traffic laws will be strictly enforced next month.
主语+be going to be+done
Your watch is going to be repaired in an hour.
（六）现在进行时被动：主语+be + being + done
The traffic accident is being looked into.
（七）过去进行时被动：was/were being+done
The road was being built when I came last time.
（八）将来完成时被动：shall/will have been+done
The design will have been completed by the end of this week.
（九）过去将来完成时被动：should/would have been+done
The headmaster said that the teaching building would have been completed before May.
（十）过去将来时被动：should/would be+done
He said that his homework would be finished soon.
被动语态:主+ be +过去分词+(by sb)
1. He eats the apple.
2. He ate the apple.
3. He is eating the apple.
4. He was eating the apple.
5. He will eat the apple.
6. He would eat the apple.
7. He has eaten the apple.
8. He had eaten the apple.
1. The apple is eaten by him.
2. The apple was eaten by him.
3. The apple is being eaten by him.
4. The apple was being eaten by him.
5. The apple will be eaten by him.
6. The apple would be eaten by him.
7. The apple has been eaten by him.
8. The apple had been eaten by him.
1. You must do this as
soon as possible.
2. I can use it.
3. You should buy a
dictionary.
4. They need look after the little child.
5. We can change water into ice.
1. This must be done as
soon as possible (by you).
2. It can be used.
3. A dictionary should be bought (by you).
4. The little child need be looked after (by them).
5. Water can be changed into ice.
改写句子：主动改被动
They built a new school last year.
A new school was built last year.
1
改写句子：主动改被动
Many people love pop music.
Pop music is loved by many people.
2
改写句子：主动改被动
These workers will build a new bridge.
A new bridge will be built by these workers.
3
改写句子：主动改被动
His trick won’t fool me.
I won’t be fooled by his trick.
4
used
was
held
句子改错
1. Computers are often using in class.
2. The tall building is built last year.
3. An English party will be hold tomorrow night.
【考点训练1】
1.Today Chinese ____________ (teach) in many schools around the world.
2.Some famous paintings ______________ (show) in the hall next week.
3.A new school ____________ (set up) in my hometown last year.
is taught
will be shown
was set up
牛刀小试
Li Bai’s poetries __________________(praise) for centuries since the Tang Dynasty.
The poetries of the Tang dynasty __________________
(study) by scholars before the arrival of modern literature.
have been praised
01
02
had been studied
改写句子：主动改被动
She has learned many English new words.
Many English new words have been learned by her.
1
改写句子：主动改被动
He had finished all the work before he went home.
All the work had been finished before he went home.
2
改写句子：主动改被动
Our school has awarded students with good quality scholarships for years.
Students with good quality has been awarded scholarships by our school for years.
3
spoken
had
been
句子改错
English has been speaking around the world so far.
By the time he got to the school, the first period had finished.
They said the production costs has been reduced.
being
killed
句子改错
We’re being killing for the wool beneath our stomachs.
So many things are done here to save local life at present.
A natural reserve was been built this time last year.
being
牛刀小试
Audiences _______________(attract) by the movie "Chang'an 3000 Miles" with its stunning visuals and gripping storyline.
As I walked past the theater, I could hear the music of “Chang‘an 3000 Miles” playing, indicating that the movie ____________________________ ( screen and enjoy ) by the audience.
is being attracted
01
02
was being screened and enjoyed
语法填空
Xiao Ming’s cellphone 1. _______________(break). I couldn’t get through to him while the cellphone 2. _________________(repair).I wanted to inform him that he 3. ________________(admit) by the basketball club.
Cellphones 4. ___________ (use) widely nowadays. It seems that they 5._____________________(use)so frequently that people 6. __________________(control) by them. Someone thinks that cellphones 7. _________________(restrict) on some occasions.
Xiao Ming’s Cellphone
had been admitted
was being repaired
was broken
have been controlled
are being used
are used
should be restricted
语法填空
Xiao Ming’s cellphone 8. ______________(repair) well soon. Maybe by next Sunday the cellphone 9. __________________ (bring) home and 10. ________________ (use) again.
will be repaired
will have been brought
will be being used
【考点训练2】
1.Tea plants are ______ (grow) and ______ (use) to make tea.
2.Kang Jian found it interesting that so many products in the local shops ___________ (make) in China.
3.The music ___ the Moonlight Sonata. （ ）
A.sounds like B.is heard
C.is sounded like D.is listening
grown
used
were made
A
4.An accident ___ on the road last night. （ ）
A.has happened
B.was happened
C.Happened
D.was happening
C
主动表被动：
（1）感官系动词与形容词连用，其主动形式可以表示被动意义，如 feel, look, seem, appear, taste, sound, smell等，主语通常是“物”。
This shirt feels much softer than that one.
（2）某些表示主语品质或特性的动词，如read, write, wash, clean, bake, burn, draw open, cut, sell, wear等常与well, easily, smoothly等副词连用，用主动形式表示被动意义，主语通常是“物”。
The new ballpoint pen writes very smoothly.
主动表被动：
（3）“两个需要”（need，require）+“两个值得”（worth，deserve），主语是物，主动表被动。
The floor requires mopping.
The book is worth reading.
The point deserves mentioning.
（4）某些作表语用的不定式主动表示被动。
Who is to blame for the accident
The house is to let in summer.
语法填空
The way we read need ______________ (change).
Many classic works are worth ______________ (read).
These classic works may be difficult ______________ (understand).
These classic works may even be too expensive for us ______________ (buy).
Who is ______________ (blame) for your ignorance when you are old
to buy
reading
to understand
changing
to blame
语法填空
She was seen ___________ (dance) in the playground last night.
The shoes is very dirty, so it needs ___________ (wash).
I’m glad that my book ___________ (sell) well.
A competition ____________ (take) place next week.
to dance
washing
sells
will take
03
习题练习
Fill in the blanks
Christmas________ (fall) on December 25th.
Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight 4026_______(take) off at 9:00.
-Hi, let’s go skating.
-Sorry, I’m busy right now. I ___________ in an application form.
I ___________ half of the English novel, and I’ll try to finish it at the weekend.
falls
takes
am filling
have read
Fill in the blanks
Does the name of the college you attend really matter？Research on the question_______________________(suggest) that，for most students，it doesn't.
The musician along with his band members__________(give) ten performances in the last three months.
If you look at all sides of the situation, you’ll find probably a solution that ___________(suit) everyone.
It doesn't impress like George Washington's plantation on the Potomac, but Lincoln's home in downtown Springfield, Illinois, ____________ （prove）irresistible to visitors since it opened to the public.
suggests/has suggested
has given
suits
has proved
单项选择
-Alex, why didn’t you answer my call at nine last night
-Sorry, I _____ my mobile phone at home. I ______ basketball in the park with my friends.
01
forgot; played
forgot; was playing
left; played
left; was playing
D
单项选择
While mother _______ some washing, I _____ a kite for Kate.
02
did, made
was doing, made
was doing, was making
did, was making
C
单项选择
When the old man ___ to walk back to his house, the sun ___ itself behind the mountain
03
started; had already hidden
had started; had already hidden
had started; was hiding
was starting; hid
A
单项选择
Instead of getting down to a new task as I _____, he examined the previous work again.
01
expect
have expected
would expect
had expected
选项可点击
单项选择
—You are a great swimmer.
—Thanks. It’s because I ______ a lot these days.
02
have been practising
was practising
would practise
had practised
选项可点击
单项选择
Eventually, the man ________ (catch) up with her, and he was only trying to return her wallet!
03
catches
caught
has caught
was catching
选项可点击
单项选择
Susan had quit her well-paid job and _________ as a volunteer in the neighborhood when I visited her last year.
04
is working
was working
has worked
had worked
选项可点击
单项选择
People______ better access to health care than they used to, and they’re living longer as a result.
05
will have
have
had
had had
选项可点击
语法填空
On the last day of our week-long stay，we __________ (invite) to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars.
The little home ____________( paint )white. It was sweet and fresh.
It is calculated by dividing a person’s weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25 _____________(consider) healthy.
The parts of a museum open to the public ____________ (call) galleries or rooms. Often, only a small part of museum’s collection is on display.
were invited
was painted
is considered
are called
语法填空
Currently, about 35,000 works ________________(display) in over 300 rooms in the Louvre, and it would take a lifetime to see everything.
He hurried home, never once looking back to see if he _________________ (follow).
Finally, her years of hard work ______________________ (acknowledge) after a customer nominated(提名) her to be Cheshire’s Woman Of The Year.
Travelling to conferences, lectures, workshops, and the like frequently by plane __________________(view) as important for scientists to get together and exchange information.
are being displayed
was being followed
has been viewed
have been acknowledged
语法填空
Truly elegant chopsticks might____________(make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters.
The artist was sure he would ___________(choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old man laughed.
A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who ________________ (trap) in the mountains for two days.
be made
be chosen
had been trapped
Thank you for
watching.