人教版（2019）必修第一册Unit 4 Natural Disasters Words and Expressions 词汇讲解课件（共43页，内嵌音频）
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| 名称 | 人教版（2019）必修第一册Unit 4 Natural Disasters Words and Expressions 词汇讲解课件（共43页，内嵌音频） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-10-03 21:04:27 | ||
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必修一
natural disasters
Words and Expressions
disaster
/d zɑ:st (r)/
n.
灾难、灾害；
不幸、祸患；
彻底失败的人或事
disastrous adj.灾难性的
disastrously adv
tornado [t : ne d ]
n.(-oes/-os) 龙卷风;旋风
landslide [ l ndsla d]
n. (landfall) (山地或悬崖的)崩塌;滑坡
drought [dra t ] n.旱灾;久旱
tsunami [tsu: nɑ:mi ] 海啸
flood [fl d]
n. 洪水;大量
volcanic eruption
[v l k n k r p n] 火山喷发
magnitude [ m ɡn tju:d ] n. (地)震级; 重大
这次地震的震级是多少？
What was the magnitude of the earthquake
~ of sth 重要性
We did not realize the magnitude of this problem
rescue [ reskju: ] n./v. 营救;救援
come to sb’s rescue = rescue sb 救援某人
rescue … from… 把…从…中救出来
那个士兵把这个婴儿从洪水中救出来。
The soldier rescued the baby from the flood.
damage [ d m d ] v. 损害;破坏 n.损坏;损失
do/cause damage to… 对…造成损害
Damage one’s health 损害某人的健康
这次旱灾已经对庄稼造成了巨大的损害。
The drought has done great damage to the crops.
他的车在事故中被损害得很严重。
His car was badly damaged in the accident.
众所周知，抽烟会损害我们的健康。
As we all know, smoking will damage our health.
destroy [d 'str ] v.摧毁;毁灭
(destroyed/destroying)
这栋建筑被大火彻底摧毁了。
The building was destroyed by fire.
他们已经销毁了所有证据。
They have destroyed all the evidence.
ruin ['ru: n] n./v. 破坏;毁坏
Be/lie in ruins 严重受损;破败不堪
辨析：
damage: 指部分性的,不严重的破坏 。
destroy: 严重的破坏 ,往往不可修复。
ruin: 比destroy造成的破坏更严重。
也可指破坏名声,期望等等。
evacuate [ v kjue t] v. 疏散;撤出;撤离
数千人在洪水之前被撤离。
Thousands of people were evacuated before the flood.
evacuation, n. 疏散
helicopter [ hel k pt (r) ] n. 直升机
helicopter parents
直升机式父母
death [deθ] n. 死;死亡
die: v. 死亡
dead: adj. 死的
deadly: 致命的
这次火灾没有造成伤亡。
The wildfire caused no deaths and no injuries.
The dead 死者；逝者
affect [ fekt] v. 影响; (疾病)侵袭; 感染;深深打动
be affected by 被……打动；受……影响
effect n.作用，影响
have an/no effect on/upon... 对...有/无影响
观众被这个感人的故事深深地打动了。
The audience were deeply affected by the moving story.
shelter [' elt ] n.避难处;居所;庇护
v.保护;掩蔽 ;躲避(风/雨/危险)
shelter/protect ...from... 保护...免受...
Shelter from…… 躲避……
树木可以保护田地不受冷风侵袭。
Trees can shelter fields from cold wind.
我们坐在阴凉处，躲避太阳。
We sat in the shade，__________ (shelter) from the sun.
sheltering
crack [kr k]: n.裂纹;裂缝 v. (使)破裂
as if/though 似乎;好像;仿佛
看起来好像要下雨了。
It looks as if it is going to rain.
percent [p sent]: n. 百分之…
70%的孩子喜欢玩电脑游戏。
70 percent of children like playing computer games. (名词为复数，谓语动词用复数)
(70% children like playing computer games.)
brick [br k]: n. 砖;砖块
brick and mortar stores
实体店
shock [ k] v.(使)震惊 n.震惊;令人震惊的事;休克
他的突然死亡对他的家人来说是极大的震惊。
His sudden death was a great shock to his family.
a great shock to sb 对某人来说是极大的震惊
in shock 震惊
be shocked at/by 对……感到震惊
be shocked to do sth 做某事很吃惊
shocking adj. 令人震惊的
shocked adj. 感到震惊的
trap [tr p] n. 险境;陷阱 v. 使落入险境;使陷入圈套
昨晚她被困在着火的房子里。
She was trapped in the burning house last night.
be/become trapped in…
陷入…; 被困在…中
fall into a trap 落入圈套
bury [ beri ] vt.埋葬;安葬；使沉浸；使专心
bury oneself in sth
be buried in sth
埋头/专心于……
He buried his face in his hands and wept.
他掩面而泣。
他全身心扑在工作上。
He buries himself in his work.
breathe [ bri: ]: v.呼吸
breath [breθ] n.呼吸
take a (deep) breath 呼吸
hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸
out of breath 上气不接下气
revive [r va v]: v.复活;(使)苏醒
revival [ r va vl] n. 振兴;复苏
经济正开始复苏。
The economy is beginning to revive.
effort ['ef t ]: n.努力;艰难的尝试;尽力
make efforts/ an effort to do... 努力做……
make no effort to do... 没努力做……
spare no effort to do sth 不遗余力做某事
= make every effort to do sth
with effort 吃力地
我会不遗余力地完成这个任务。
I will spare no effort to finish the task.
unify [ ju:n fa ] v. 统一;(使)成一体
wisdom [ w zd m] n. 智慧;才智
a man/women of wisdom
unite v.联合、连手、团结
united adj. 联合的、统一的、和谐的
union n.联盟，协会
context [ k ntekst ] n. 上下文;语境;背景
你能从上下文猜出这个词的意思吗？
Can you guess the meaning of the word from the context
contextual adj.上下文的、与语境相关的
suffer [ s f (r)] vt. 遭受;蒙受 vi. (因疾病/痛苦/悲伤等)受苦
suffer from... 因…而痛苦;患有(疾病等)
suffer pains/losses/damage/defeat/hunger/cold/trouble
经历/遭受……
她可能患有心脏病。
She is likely to suffer from heart disease.
suffering n.折磨；苦难
sufferer n.受难者
erupt [ r pt] v. (火山)爆发; (岩浆/烟等)喷出
eruption n.爆发
supply [s pla ] n.供应(量);补给; [pl.] 补给品
v. 供应;供给
in short supply 短缺
a good supply of… …的充足供应
supply sb with sth = supply sth. to sb 向某人提供某物
= provide sb with sth = provide sth for sb
= offer sb sth = offer sth to sb
我们将给穷人提供足够的水和食物。
We will supply enough water and food to poor people.
typhoon [ta fu:n] 台风
这次台风袭击了亚洲的很多国家。
The typhoon struck/hit many countries in Asia.
hurricane [ h r k n] : n. 飓风;风暴
台风和飓风都是热带气旋
台风：发生在北太平洋西部
飓风：大西洋和北太平洋东部地区
survive [s va v] vt. 幸存;艰难度过
vi.生存;存活
survival [s va v( )l] n. 生存;幸存
survivor [s va v ]: n.幸存者
survive on 靠…生存下来
survive from 从……存活下来
他被困在了一个孤岛上，所以他必须靠草根生存。
He was trapped in a lonely island, so he had to survive on grass roots.
power [ pa (r) ] n.电力供应;力量;控制力
have the power to do sth. 具有做某事的能力
beyond one’s power 力所不能及
powerful adj.强有力的
Language is power.
语言是权力
tap [t p]: v. 轻叩;轻敲;轻拍
n.水龙头;轻叩;轻敲
tap on/at... 轻敲...
knock on/at... 敲...
他轻轻地敲了敲办公室的门，走了进去。
He tapped on/at the office door and went in.
whistle [ w sl ] v.吹口哨;发出笛声
n. 哨子(声);呼啸声
whistleblower 吹哨人 (告发者、检举者)
emergency [i m :d nsi] n. 突发事件;紧急情况
当你被火困住时，你可以拨打紧急电话。
You can call an emergency number when you are trapped in a fire.
emergency adj.紧急情况下的；应急的
calm [ kɑ:m ] adj.镇静的;沉着的
v. 使平静;使镇静
keep/stay calm 保持冷静
calm down 平静下来
不论发生什么，都要保持冷静
Stay calm no matter what happens.
aid [e d]: n.援助;帮助;救援物资
v. (formal)帮助;援助
with the aid of 在……的帮助下
aid sb to do sth 帮助某人做某事
first aid 急救
他经常帮助妈妈打扫房间
He often aids his mother to clean the room.
kit [k t] n. 成套工具;成套设备
first aid kit 急救箱
crash [kr ] v. 碰撞;撞击; 坠毁
n. 撞车;碰撞; 坠毁
crash into... 碰撞...
car crash 车祸
sweep [swi:p] v. 打扫;清扫
( swept---swept)
sweep away: 消灭;彻底消除
wave [we v] n. 海浪; 波浪
v. 挥手; 招手
wave goodbye to sb 向某人挥手告别
strike[stra k] v. 侵袭;突击;击打 n.罢工;罢课; 袭击
(struck, struck/stricken)
Be struck by 被……打动
sth strike sb = it strikes sb that…
某人突然想起……
我正在读报纸的时候，突然想到一个好主意。
A good idea struck me when I was reading newspaper.
deliver [d l v (r)] v.递送;传达;发表
deliver sth to sb 将……递送给……
deliver a speech/lecture 发表演说
delivery n. 传达、送达
food delivery/ takeout外卖
summary [ s m ri ] n. 总结;概括;概要
In summary 总之
length [le θ] n.长;长度
long adj. 长的
lengthen: v. 变长
strong -- strength -- strengthen
thank you！
Words and Expressions
必修一
natural disasters
Words and Expressions
disaster
/d zɑ:st (r)/
n.
灾难、灾害；
不幸、祸患；
彻底失败的人或事
disastrous adj.灾难性的
disastrously adv
tornado [t : ne d ]
n.(-oes/-os) 龙卷风;旋风
landslide [ l ndsla d]
n. (landfall) (山地或悬崖的)崩塌;滑坡
drought [dra t ] n.旱灾;久旱
tsunami [tsu: nɑ:mi ] 海啸
flood [fl d]
n. 洪水;大量
volcanic eruption
[v l k n k r p n] 火山喷发
magnitude [ m ɡn tju:d ] n. (地)震级; 重大
这次地震的震级是多少？
What was the magnitude of the earthquake
~ of sth 重要性
We did not realize the magnitude of this problem
rescue [ reskju: ] n./v. 营救;救援
come to sb’s rescue = rescue sb 救援某人
rescue … from… 把…从…中救出来
那个士兵把这个婴儿从洪水中救出来。
The soldier rescued the baby from the flood.
damage [ d m d ] v. 损害;破坏 n.损坏;损失
do/cause damage to… 对…造成损害
Damage one’s health 损害某人的健康
这次旱灾已经对庄稼造成了巨大的损害。
The drought has done great damage to the crops.
他的车在事故中被损害得很严重。
His car was badly damaged in the accident.
众所周知，抽烟会损害我们的健康。
As we all know, smoking will damage our health.
destroy [d 'str ] v.摧毁;毁灭
(destroyed/destroying)
这栋建筑被大火彻底摧毁了。
The building was destroyed by fire.
他们已经销毁了所有证据。
They have destroyed all the evidence.
ruin ['ru: n] n./v. 破坏;毁坏
Be/lie in ruins 严重受损;破败不堪
辨析：
damage: 指部分性的,不严重的破坏 。
destroy: 严重的破坏 ,往往不可修复。
ruin: 比destroy造成的破坏更严重。
也可指破坏名声,期望等等。
evacuate [ v kjue t] v. 疏散;撤出;撤离
数千人在洪水之前被撤离。
Thousands of people were evacuated before the flood.
evacuation, n. 疏散
helicopter [ hel k pt (r) ] n. 直升机
helicopter parents
直升机式父母
death [deθ] n. 死;死亡
die: v. 死亡
dead: adj. 死的
deadly: 致命的
这次火灾没有造成伤亡。
The wildfire caused no deaths and no injuries.
The dead 死者；逝者
affect [ fekt] v. 影响; (疾病)侵袭; 感染;深深打动
be affected by 被……打动；受……影响
effect n.作用，影响
have an/no effect on/upon... 对...有/无影响
观众被这个感人的故事深深地打动了。
The audience were deeply affected by the moving story.
shelter [' elt ] n.避难处;居所;庇护
v.保护;掩蔽 ;躲避(风/雨/危险)
shelter/protect ...from... 保护...免受...
Shelter from…… 躲避……
树木可以保护田地不受冷风侵袭。
Trees can shelter fields from cold wind.
我们坐在阴凉处，躲避太阳。
We sat in the shade，__________ (shelter) from the sun.
sheltering
crack [kr k]: n.裂纹;裂缝 v. (使)破裂
as if/though 似乎;好像;仿佛
看起来好像要下雨了。
It looks as if it is going to rain.
percent [p sent]: n. 百分之…
70%的孩子喜欢玩电脑游戏。
70 percent of children like playing computer games. (名词为复数，谓语动词用复数)
(70% children like playing computer games.)
brick [br k]: n. 砖;砖块
brick and mortar stores
实体店
shock [ k] v.(使)震惊 n.震惊;令人震惊的事;休克
他的突然死亡对他的家人来说是极大的震惊。
His sudden death was a great shock to his family.
a great shock to sb 对某人来说是极大的震惊
in shock 震惊
be shocked at/by 对……感到震惊
be shocked to do sth 做某事很吃惊
shocking adj. 令人震惊的
shocked adj. 感到震惊的
trap [tr p] n. 险境;陷阱 v. 使落入险境;使陷入圈套
昨晚她被困在着火的房子里。
She was trapped in the burning house last night.
be/become trapped in…
陷入…; 被困在…中
fall into a trap 落入圈套
bury [ beri ] vt.埋葬;安葬；使沉浸；使专心
bury oneself in sth
be buried in sth
埋头/专心于……
He buried his face in his hands and wept.
他掩面而泣。
他全身心扑在工作上。
He buries himself in his work.
breathe [ bri: ]: v.呼吸
breath [breθ] n.呼吸
take a (deep) breath 呼吸
hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸
out of breath 上气不接下气
revive [r va v]: v.复活;(使)苏醒
revival [ r va vl] n. 振兴;复苏
经济正开始复苏。
The economy is beginning to revive.
effort ['ef t ]: n.努力;艰难的尝试;尽力
make efforts/ an effort to do... 努力做……
make no effort to do... 没努力做……
spare no effort to do sth 不遗余力做某事
= make every effort to do sth
with effort 吃力地
我会不遗余力地完成这个任务。
I will spare no effort to finish the task.
unify [ ju:n fa ] v. 统一;(使)成一体
wisdom [ w zd m] n. 智慧;才智
a man/women of wisdom
unite v.联合、连手、团结
united adj. 联合的、统一的、和谐的
union n.联盟，协会
context [ k ntekst ] n. 上下文;语境;背景
你能从上下文猜出这个词的意思吗？
Can you guess the meaning of the word from the context
contextual adj.上下文的、与语境相关的
suffer [ s f (r)] vt. 遭受;蒙受 vi. (因疾病/痛苦/悲伤等)受苦
suffer from... 因…而痛苦;患有(疾病等)
suffer pains/losses/damage/defeat/hunger/cold/trouble
经历/遭受……
她可能患有心脏病。
She is likely to suffer from heart disease.
suffering n.折磨；苦难
sufferer n.受难者
erupt [ r pt] v. (火山)爆发; (岩浆/烟等)喷出
eruption n.爆发
supply [s pla ] n.供应(量);补给; [pl.] 补给品
v. 供应;供给
in short supply 短缺
a good supply of… …的充足供应
supply sb with sth = supply sth. to sb 向某人提供某物
= provide sb with sth = provide sth for sb
= offer sb sth = offer sth to sb
我们将给穷人提供足够的水和食物。
We will supply enough water and food to poor people.
typhoon [ta fu:n] 台风
这次台风袭击了亚洲的很多国家。
The typhoon struck/hit many countries in Asia.
hurricane [ h r k n] : n. 飓风;风暴
台风和飓风都是热带气旋
台风：发生在北太平洋西部
飓风：大西洋和北太平洋东部地区
survive [s va v] vt. 幸存;艰难度过
vi.生存;存活
survival [s va v( )l] n. 生存;幸存
survivor [s va v ]: n.幸存者
survive on 靠…生存下来
survive from 从……存活下来
他被困在了一个孤岛上，所以他必须靠草根生存。
He was trapped in a lonely island, so he had to survive on grass roots.
power [ pa (r) ] n.电力供应;力量;控制力
have the power to do sth. 具有做某事的能力
beyond one’s power 力所不能及
powerful adj.强有力的
Language is power.
语言是权力
tap [t p]: v. 轻叩;轻敲;轻拍
n.水龙头;轻叩;轻敲
tap on/at... 轻敲...
knock on/at... 敲...
他轻轻地敲了敲办公室的门，走了进去。
He tapped on/at the office door and went in.
whistle [ w sl ] v.吹口哨;发出笛声
n. 哨子(声);呼啸声
whistleblower 吹哨人 (告发者、检举者)
emergency [i m :d nsi] n. 突发事件;紧急情况
当你被火困住时，你可以拨打紧急电话。
You can call an emergency number when you are trapped in a fire.
emergency adj.紧急情况下的；应急的
calm [ kɑ:m ] adj.镇静的;沉着的
v. 使平静;使镇静
keep/stay calm 保持冷静
calm down 平静下来
不论发生什么，都要保持冷静
Stay calm no matter what happens.
aid [e d]: n.援助;帮助;救援物资
v. (formal)帮助;援助
with the aid of 在……的帮助下
aid sb to do sth 帮助某人做某事
first aid 急救
他经常帮助妈妈打扫房间
He often aids his mother to clean the room.
kit [k t] n. 成套工具;成套设备
first aid kit 急救箱
crash [kr ] v. 碰撞;撞击; 坠毁
n. 撞车;碰撞; 坠毁
crash into... 碰撞...
car crash 车祸
sweep [swi:p] v. 打扫;清扫
( swept---swept)
sweep away: 消灭;彻底消除
wave [we v] n. 海浪; 波浪
v. 挥手; 招手
wave goodbye to sb 向某人挥手告别
strike[stra k] v. 侵袭;突击;击打 n.罢工;罢课; 袭击
(struck, struck/stricken)
Be struck by 被……打动
sth strike sb = it strikes sb that…
某人突然想起……
我正在读报纸的时候，突然想到一个好主意。
A good idea struck me when I was reading newspaper.
deliver [d l v (r)] v.递送;传达;发表
deliver sth to sb 将……递送给……
deliver a speech/lecture 发表演说
delivery n. 传达、送达
food delivery/ takeout外卖
summary [ s m ri ] n. 总结;概括;概要
In summary 总之
length [le θ] n.长;长度
long adj. 长的
lengthen: v. 变长
strong -- strength -- strengthen
thank you！
Words and Expressions