五年级下册数学计算题专题复习与提高(有答案)
1、口算
6.3+7=13.3 2.19+9.1=11.29 5×0.75÷1.5×0.75=1.875
0.7+3=3.7 1.2×0.8=0.96 0.9×7+10.7=17
6.3÷0.021=300 1.5÷0.03=50 6.8-2.4÷3=6
5×0.7=3.5 0.43×5=2.15 3.6÷0.9-4=0
3.2×50=160 3.2×0.5=1.6 1×0.01÷0.1=0.1
1.25÷0.5=2.5 1.29÷3=0.43 7.2-1.2+6.7=12.7
+= +=1 -= +=
+=1 -= -= -=
2、竖式计算(不能整除的用保留两位小数)
(1)25×36=900 (2)875×45=39375 (3)5×45=225
(4)3.14×25=235.5 (5)3.14×36=113.04 (6)3.14×16=50.24
(7)598÷23=26 (8)1976÷52=38 (9)108÷45=2.4
(10)12.56÷3.14=4 (11)78.5÷3.14=25 (12) 6.21÷0.3=20.7
3、简便方法计算,写出主要计算过程。
(认真复习:加法与乘法运算定律;除法与减法的性质;带符号运算)
(1)6.12++2.88+ (2)-(-) (3) -(+ )
=(6.12+2.88)+( +) =- + =- -
=9+1 =1 =
=10
(4) +-+ (5) ++- (6) - -
=(- )+(+) =(+)+(-) =_(+)
= =1 = -1
=
(7)4.58-(2.58+1.5) (8)2.3÷0.25÷0.4 (9)2.7×0.99
=4.58-2.58-1.5 =2.3÷(0.25×0.4) =2.7×(1-0.01)
=0.5 =2.3 =2.7×1-2.7×0.01
=2.673
(10)1.25×2×0.37×4 (11)(2.5-0.25)×0.4 (12)3.78×99+3.78
=(1.25×4)+(2×0.37) =2.5×0.4-0.25×0.4 =3.78×(99+1)
=5+0.74 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) =1-0.1 =3.78×100
=5.74 =0.9 =378
(13)42.2×103 (14)8.3×99 (15)0.125×3.2×0.25
=42.2×(100+3) =8.3×(100-1) =0.4×0.25
=42.2×100+42.2×3 =8.3×100-8.3×1 =0.1
=4220+126.6 =830-8.3
=4346.6 =831.7
4、解方程。(12分)
(1) 2x-8.2=18.2 (2) 3x+= *(3) x+ =0.5
(4) 3(x-1.5)=6 (5) x -(+)= (6) x-=
5、递等式计算
(混合运算顺序:
(1)39.45+19.35+0.55-9.35 (2)360÷15×6
=58.8+0.55-9.35 =24×6
=50 =144
(3)0.48×25×0.3 (4)82×15-12.2×20
=12×0.3 =1230-244
=3.6 =986
(5)8.8-7.7÷2.5 (6)4.02-3.5+0.98
=8.8-3.06 =0.52+0.98
=5.74 =1.5
(7)(58+370)÷(64-45) (8)120-144÷18+35
=428÷19 =120-43
=22.53 =77