2025届高考英语二轮复习之词性成分课件（共35张PPT)
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| 名称 | 2025届高考英语二轮复习之词性成分课件（共35张PPT) |  | |
| 格式 | pptx | ||
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-10-06 22:07:37 | ||
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(共35张PPT)
词性成分
部门： XXX
词的自身性质
词在句中的功能
性质决定功能；功能反映性质
目录
八大词性
句子成分
Practice
01
八大词性
壹
根据语法填空出题特点：
有提示词 名词 无提示词 介词
动词 冠词
形容词 代词
副词 连词
背单词时要关注
有提示词
a person
a place
a thing
an idea
......
名词
人/物名称；概念
有提示词
动作
帮助说明情况
动词
aaa
有实际含义
实义动词
aaa
帮助动词构成否定、疑问、时态、语态等
aaa
辅助主语，说明主语的性质、状态、特征
aaa
协助表达感情或态度
系动词
助动词
情态动词
can, could, may, might, will, would, shall, should, must, ought to
情态动词+动词原形
do; have; be
vt. vi.
系=“是”
有提示词
动作
帮助说明情况
动词
系动词分类 1. 状态 be动词（am/is/are）
2. 感官 look, taste, feel, smell, sound
3. 变化 grow, go, get, become, turn
4. 持续 keep, stay, remain
5. 证明 prove
6. 好像 seem, appear
有提示词
修饰/限定名/代
三级
“的”
形容词
Bigger waves bring more expenseive fish.
有提示词
修饰非名/代
三级
“地”
副词
She is a very innocent girl.
She can read minds clearly.
She can read minds clearly enough to solve problems wisely.
Luckily, her ability still remains a secret now.
无提示词
引入名词/代词/doing
搭配
意义特殊
介词
in winter
for a while
be devoted to learning for life
among; beyond; under; by; despite; with; without...
无提示词
a
an
the
冠词
a/an
泛指；首次出现；一个
useful; unique; university
hour; honest; honor
the
特指；再次出现；序数词；最高级；后有限定
注意固定搭配
无提示词
代指名词
代词
人称代词
不定代词
指示代词
疑问代词
I, you, she, he, it, we, you, they
some, any, no, every...
this, that, these, those
who, whom, which, whose, what
无提示词
代指名词
代词
主格 宾格 adj.物主代词 n.物主代词 反身代词
I me my mine myself
you you your yours yourself/yourselves
she her her hers herself
he him his his himself
it it its its itself
we us our ours ourselves
they them their theirs themselves
无提示词
连接词、短语、句子
连词
并列连词 and; but; or; so...
从属连词 名从
定从
状从
02
句子成分
贰
不同的性质 不同的成分
名 动 形 副
介 冠 代 连
主 谓 宾 表
定 状 补 同位
基本成分
修饰成分
主 谓 宾 表
定 状 补 同位
基本成分
修饰成分
什么位置？什么东西能当？什么功能？
China is a large country.
Who teaches you math
Four and five makes nine.
That he forgot to tell me the time for the meeting caused lots of trouble.
To become a doctor is my wish.
Learning English is not easy.
There are some bottles of milk in the box.
主语
位置 形式 功能
一般在句首 名词&相当于名词 一个句子谈论的主题（什么/谁）
名词
代词
数词
从句
不定式
动名词
名词
谓语
位置 形式 功能
一般在主语后 体现时态的动词 主语的行为、动作或所处的状态
He works hard all day. (实义动词)
He is a good engineer.（系动词）
He didn’t finish his homework.（助动词+实义动词）
He can speak Japanese. （情态动词+实义动词）
He always looks after his little sister carefully. （实义动词）
请找出谓语动词
谓语
练习：划出句中谓语
I don't like the picture on the wall.
The days get longer and longer when summer comes.
Do you usually go to school by bus
There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.
Tom didn't do his homework yesterday.
What I want to tell you is this.
We had better send for a doctor.
He is interested in music.
Whom did you give my book to
宾语
位置 形式 功能
动词/介词后 名词&相当于名词 动作、行为的对象
请找出宾语
I had noodles for breakfast.
I received ten before Christmas and the rest of the postcards were late.
Mr. Zhang invited us to the club.
The Americans enjoyed living in China.
He likes to sleep in the open air.
I believe that they can finish the work in time.
He left Shanghai last week.
He played us some nice music.
He lent some money to me.
I will get the computer repaired tomorrow.
！注意双宾结构！
宾语
划出下列句中动词的宾语
① My brother hasn't done his homework.
② People all over the world speak English.
③ You must pay good attention to your pronunciation.
④ How many new words did you learn last class
⑤ Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you
表语
位置 形式 功能
系动词后 能跟在系动词后的 说明主语的特征、属性、状态、身份等
I am happy.
The day turns long.
He gets angry.
He seems ill.
回忆：
系动词有哪些？
“妆感正持续变好”
主 谓 宾 表
定 状 补 同位
基本成分
修饰成分
修饰成分功能：
1.补充；2.修饰；3.解释说明
补语
找出下列句中的宾语补足语
① She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room.
② He asked her to take the boy out of school.
③ She found it difficult to do the work.
④ They call me Lily sometimes.
⑤ I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus.
Did you see Li Ming playing football on the playground just now
宾补：宾语之后；补充说明宾语
定语 状语
___________
修饰______
修饰______
修饰
名词
非名词
定语
________
状语
___________
___________
修饰动词
修饰句子
______________
修饰形容词、介词/副词短语
1. Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity.
2. He builds massive sculptures out of plastic garbage, forcing viewers to re-examine their relationship to single-use plastic products.
3. More than half of Australian homes are still choosing to stick with their home phone.
4. Being interesting at a dinner party isn't that hard.
请判断标记处是定语还是状语
同位语
We have two foreign teachers, an English and a Frenchman.
You each have a chance to go to college.
He is the oldest among them four.
The news that we’re having a holiday tomorrow is true.
Their latest proposal, to concentrate on primary education, has met with some opposition.
Yesterday I met Tom, a friend of my brother's.
Mr. Johnson cares for us students very much.
请找出同位语
解释说明同一事物；位于被解释说明的名词或代词后
03
Practice
叁
指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分：
1. The students got on the school bus.
2. He handed me the newspaper.
3. I shall answer your question after class.
4. What a beautiful Chinese painting!
5. They went hunting together early in the morning.
6. His job is to train swimmers.
7. He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing.
8. There is going to be an American film tonight.
9. He is to leave for Shanghai tomorrow.
10. His wish is to become a scientist.
11. He managed to finish the work in time.
12. Tom came to ask me for advice.
13. I have no idea when he was born.
14. I don’t know the time when he was born.
主
定
间宾
谓语，时状
方式状语，
时间状语
定
定，表
宾，状
谓语
谓语
主，表
谓语，宾
目的状
同位
定
名词在从句中有无
意思，作不作成分
04
句子分析
肆
主谓表/宾 宾补 定语 状语 同位语
四大句子基本成分
O的补充
名词的解释
名词修饰
非名词的修饰
缩句之后的样子
扩句之后的样子
将以下句子进行缩句：
1. The person who stands at the gate is my mother.
2. There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.
3. The model plane flying in the sky is made by him.
4. The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress，until today we have reached a stage where we have almost not rights at all.
将以下句子进行扩句：
1. The teacher is walking into the classroom.
扩句：老师和两个学生走进教室，手里拿着一本书（使用with的复合结构）
______________________________________________
2. The dictionary was given by my mother.
扩句：桌子上的这本好用的字典是我妈妈去年给的。
______________________________________________
3. To do homework is difficult.
扩句：没有老师的帮助完成今天的作业是非常困难的
_____________________________________________
The teacher is walking into the classroom，
with two of his students
with a book in his hands.
The dictionary was given by my mother
useful
on the desk
last year
To do homework is very difficult.
today's
without the teacher's help
词性成分
部门： XXX
词的自身性质
词在句中的功能
性质决定功能；功能反映性质
目录
八大词性
句子成分
Practice
01
八大词性
壹
根据语法填空出题特点：
有提示词 名词 无提示词 介词
动词 冠词
形容词 代词
副词 连词
背单词时要关注
有提示词
a person
a place
a thing
an idea
......
名词
人/物名称；概念
有提示词
动作
帮助说明情况
动词
aaa
有实际含义
实义动词
aaa
帮助动词构成否定、疑问、时态、语态等
aaa
辅助主语，说明主语的性质、状态、特征
aaa
协助表达感情或态度
系动词
助动词
情态动词
can, could, may, might, will, would, shall, should, must, ought to
情态动词+动词原形
do; have; be
vt. vi.
系=“是”
有提示词
动作
帮助说明情况
动词
系动词分类 1. 状态 be动词（am/is/are）
2. 感官 look, taste, feel, smell, sound
3. 变化 grow, go, get, become, turn
4. 持续 keep, stay, remain
5. 证明 prove
6. 好像 seem, appear
有提示词
修饰/限定名/代
三级
“的”
形容词
Bigger waves bring more expenseive fish.
有提示词
修饰非名/代
三级
“地”
副词
She is a very innocent girl.
She can read minds clearly.
She can read minds clearly enough to solve problems wisely.
Luckily, her ability still remains a secret now.
无提示词
引入名词/代词/doing
搭配
意义特殊
介词
in winter
for a while
be devoted to learning for life
among; beyond; under; by; despite; with; without...
无提示词
a
an
the
冠词
a/an
泛指；首次出现；一个
useful; unique; university
hour; honest; honor
the
特指；再次出现；序数词；最高级；后有限定
注意固定搭配
无提示词
代指名词
代词
人称代词
不定代词
指示代词
疑问代词
I, you, she, he, it, we, you, they
some, any, no, every...
this, that, these, those
who, whom, which, whose, what
无提示词
代指名词
代词
主格 宾格 adj.物主代词 n.物主代词 反身代词
I me my mine myself
you you your yours yourself/yourselves
she her her hers herself
he him his his himself
it it its its itself
we us our ours ourselves
they them their theirs themselves
无提示词
连接词、短语、句子
连词
并列连词 and; but; or; so...
从属连词 名从
定从
状从
02
句子成分
贰
不同的性质 不同的成分
名 动 形 副
介 冠 代 连
主 谓 宾 表
定 状 补 同位
基本成分
修饰成分
主 谓 宾 表
定 状 补 同位
基本成分
修饰成分
什么位置？什么东西能当？什么功能？
China is a large country.
Who teaches you math
Four and five makes nine.
That he forgot to tell me the time for the meeting caused lots of trouble.
To become a doctor is my wish.
Learning English is not easy.
There are some bottles of milk in the box.
主语
位置 形式 功能
一般在句首 名词&相当于名词 一个句子谈论的主题（什么/谁）
名词
代词
数词
从句
不定式
动名词
名词
谓语
位置 形式 功能
一般在主语后 体现时态的动词 主语的行为、动作或所处的状态
He works hard all day. (实义动词)
He is a good engineer.（系动词）
He didn’t finish his homework.（助动词+实义动词）
He can speak Japanese. （情态动词+实义动词）
He always looks after his little sister carefully. （实义动词）
请找出谓语动词
谓语
练习：划出句中谓语
I don't like the picture on the wall.
The days get longer and longer when summer comes.
Do you usually go to school by bus
There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.
Tom didn't do his homework yesterday.
What I want to tell you is this.
We had better send for a doctor.
He is interested in music.
Whom did you give my book to
宾语
位置 形式 功能
动词/介词后 名词&相当于名词 动作、行为的对象
请找出宾语
I had noodles for breakfast.
I received ten before Christmas and the rest of the postcards were late.
Mr. Zhang invited us to the club.
The Americans enjoyed living in China.
He likes to sleep in the open air.
I believe that they can finish the work in time.
He left Shanghai last week.
He played us some nice music.
He lent some money to me.
I will get the computer repaired tomorrow.
！注意双宾结构！
宾语
划出下列句中动词的宾语
① My brother hasn't done his homework.
② People all over the world speak English.
③ You must pay good attention to your pronunciation.
④ How many new words did you learn last class
⑤ Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you
表语
位置 形式 功能
系动词后 能跟在系动词后的 说明主语的特征、属性、状态、身份等
I am happy.
The day turns long.
He gets angry.
He seems ill.
回忆：
系动词有哪些？
“妆感正持续变好”
主 谓 宾 表
定 状 补 同位
基本成分
修饰成分
修饰成分功能：
1.补充；2.修饰；3.解释说明
补语
找出下列句中的宾语补足语
① She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room.
② He asked her to take the boy out of school.
③ She found it difficult to do the work.
④ They call me Lily sometimes.
⑤ I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus.
Did you see Li Ming playing football on the playground just now
宾补：宾语之后；补充说明宾语
定语 状语
___________
修饰______
修饰______
修饰
名词
非名词
定语
________
状语
___________
___________
修饰动词
修饰句子
______________
修饰形容词、介词/副词短语
1. Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity.
2. He builds massive sculptures out of plastic garbage, forcing viewers to re-examine their relationship to single-use plastic products.
3. More than half of Australian homes are still choosing to stick with their home phone.
4. Being interesting at a dinner party isn't that hard.
请判断标记处是定语还是状语
同位语
We have two foreign teachers, an English and a Frenchman.
You each have a chance to go to college.
He is the oldest among them four.
The news that we’re having a holiday tomorrow is true.
Their latest proposal, to concentrate on primary education, has met with some opposition.
Yesterday I met Tom, a friend of my brother's.
Mr. Johnson cares for us students very much.
请找出同位语
解释说明同一事物；位于被解释说明的名词或代词后
03
Practice
叁
指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分：
1. The students got on the school bus.
2. He handed me the newspaper.
3. I shall answer your question after class.
4. What a beautiful Chinese painting!
5. They went hunting together early in the morning.
6. His job is to train swimmers.
7. He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing.
8. There is going to be an American film tonight.
9. He is to leave for Shanghai tomorrow.
10. His wish is to become a scientist.
11. He managed to finish the work in time.
12. Tom came to ask me for advice.
13. I have no idea when he was born.
14. I don’t know the time when he was born.
主
定
间宾
谓语，时状
方式状语，
时间状语
定
定，表
宾，状
谓语
谓语
主，表
谓语，宾
目的状
同位
定
名词在从句中有无
意思，作不作成分
04
句子分析
肆
主谓表/宾 宾补 定语 状语 同位语
四大句子基本成分
O的补充
名词的解释
名词修饰
非名词的修饰
缩句之后的样子
扩句之后的样子
将以下句子进行缩句：
1. The person who stands at the gate is my mother.
2. There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.
3. The model plane flying in the sky is made by him.
4. The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress，until today we have reached a stage where we have almost not rights at all.
将以下句子进行扩句：
1. The teacher is walking into the classroom.
扩句：老师和两个学生走进教室，手里拿着一本书（使用with的复合结构）
______________________________________________
2. The dictionary was given by my mother.
扩句：桌子上的这本好用的字典是我妈妈去年给的。
______________________________________________
3. To do homework is difficult.
扩句：没有老师的帮助完成今天的作业是非常困难的
_____________________________________________
The teacher is walking into the classroom，
with two of his students
with a book in his hands.
The dictionary was given by my mother
useful
on the desk
last year
To do homework is very difficult.
today's
without the teacher's help