[原创]2025年高考总复习英语 第一部分 必修第三册 UNIT 4 SPACE EXPLORATION[配套课件]

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必修第三册
UNIT 4 SPACE EXPLORATION
第一部分
教材梳理
核心单词
阅读词汇
1.astronaut n.宇航员；太空人
2.procedure n.程序；步骤；手续
3.rocket n.火箭；火箭弹
4.gravity n.重力；引力
5.vehicle n.交通工具；车辆
6.satellite n.人造卫星；卫星
vt.& vi.
7.orbit n.(环绕地球、太阳等运行的)轨道；势力范围
沿轨道运行；环绕……运行
8.mankind n.人类
9.transmit vt.& vi.传输；发送
10.spacecraft n.航天器；宇宙飞船
11.spacewalk n.太空行走；太空行走的时间
12.jade n.玉；翡翠；玉器
13.module n.舱；组件；模块
14.solar adj.太阳的；太阳能的
15.soap n.肥皂
16.towel n.毛巾；抹布
17.microwave n.(also microwave oven)微波炉
18.tissue n.纸巾；(人、动植物细胞的)组织
19.high-end adj.高端的
20.foam n.泡沫橡胶；泡沫
21.pillow n.枕头
22.smartphone n.智能手机
23.oxygen n.氧；氧气
高频词汇
1.________ n.边境；国界；边远地区
frontier
launch
2.________ vt.& n.发射；发起；上市
3.________ adj.巨大的；伟大的 n.巨人；巨兽；伟人
4.________ n.跳跃；剧增；剧变 vi.& vt.跳过；跃过
5.________ n.[pl.]资料；数据
giant
leap
data
6.________ vt.& vi.标志着；标明；发信号 n.信号；标志
7.________ vt.回收利用；再利用
signal
recycle
muscle
float
otherwise
beyond
8.________ n.肌肉；实力；影响力
9.________ vi.浮动；漂流；漂浮 vt.使浮动；使漂流
10.________ adv.否则；要不然
11.________ prep.在更远处；超出
12.________ n.设施；设备
facility
keen
shallow
13.________ adj.热衷的；渴望的
14.________ adj.肤浅的；浅的
15.________ n.模式；图案；模范
16.________ n.监视器；监测仪 vt.监视；监测；监控
17.________ n.资源；财力；物力
18.________ n.神秘事物；谜
19.________ vt.系；绑；贴
pattern
monitor
resource
mystery
attach
拓展词汇
1.mental adj.精神的；思想的→________ adv.精神上；智力上；
思想上
mentally
intelligence
2.intelligent adj.有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的→__________n.
聪明；智力
determine
determination
3.determined adj.有决心的；意志坚定的→_________ vt.查明；
确定；决定→____________ n.决定；决心；果断
4._______ n.(政府的)专门机构；服务机构；代理处→agent n.
代理人；代理商；经纪人
agency
5.disappointed adj.失望的；沮丧的→___________ vt.使失望→
____________ adj.令人失望的；令人扫兴的→_____________ n.失
望；沮丧
disappoint
disappointing
disappointment
6.universe n.宇宙；天地万物→_________ adj.通用的；共同的
→___________ adv.共同地；一致地
universal
universally
7.desire n.渴望；欲望 vt.渴望；期望→_________ adj.理想的；
值得拥有的
desirable
8.independently adv.独立地；自立地→_____________ adj.独立
的；自立的→____________ n.独立；自立→____________ vi.依赖；
依靠
independent
independence
depend
9.lack n.缺乏；短缺
vt.没有；缺乏→________ adj.不足的；
缺少的
lacking
current
sufficiently
10._________ adj. 当前的；现在的
n. 水流；电流；思潮→
currency n.通货；货币；支付手段
11.sufficient adj.足够的；充足的→___________ adv.足以；充
分地
12.globe n.地球；世界；地球仪→________ adj.全球的；全世
界的
global
13.argue vt.& vi.论证；争辩；争论→_________ n.争论；争吵；
论点
argument
fate
analyse
14.fatal adj.致命的；灾难性的→________ n.命运
15.analysis n.(pl.analyses)(对事物的)分析；分析结果→______
vt.分析
16.regularly adv.经常；定期地→________ adj.定期的；经常的；
正常的
regular
limit
limitation
close
closely
17.limited adj.有限的→________ n.界限；限制
vt.限制；限
定→____________ n.限制；局限→limitless adj.无限(制)的
18.closing adj.结尾的；结束的 n.停业；关闭；倒闭→_______
v.关闭；歇业；结束
adj.近的；靠近的；亲密的 adv.接近地→
________ adv.接近地；仔细地
熟词生义
1.determine
【熟义】 vt.查明；确定
【生义】 vt.决定
【典例】 (2021·全国甲卷·阅读理解 D)And the more we look,
the more we will see that social factors like gender, race, and class do
not determine the appearance of genius.我们越看越会发现，性别、
种族、阶级等社会因素并不能决定天赋。
2.monitor
【熟义】 n.监视器；监测仪；班长
【生义】 vt.监视；监测；监控
【典例】 They should monitor their websites better so that
children do not sign up too early.他们应该更好地监控自己的网站，
以便于孩子们不会过早地登录。
on
on
hope
as
out
in
重点短语
1.________ board 在宇宙飞船上；在船上；在飞机上
2.carry ________ 继续做；坚持干
3.in the ________ of doing sth.抱着……的希望
4.so ________ to (do sth.)为了；以便
5.figure ________ 弄懂；弄清楚；弄明白
6.result ________ 导致；造成
a
for
in
out
7.as ________ result 所以；结果(是)
8.provide ________ sb.提供生活所需
9.________ closing 最后
10.run ________ 用完；耗尽
精选佳句
教材原句
travelling
into
space
1.Before the mid-20th century, most people felt ________ _____
_______ was only a dream that could never come true.在 20 世纪中期
之前，大多数人都觉得去太空旅行是一个难以实现的梦想。
句式结构
句式 1：动名词短语作主语，谓语动词用单数形式
教材原句
famously
saying
2.Over eight years later, on 20 July 1969, American astronaut
Neil Armstrong stepped onto the moon, ________ ________, “That's
one small step for [a] man, one giant leap for mankind.” 八 年 后 的
1969 年 7 月 20 日，美国宇航员尼尔·阿姆斯特朗登上了月球，并
有一句名言：“对一个人来说，这是一小步；对人类来说，这是
一大步。”
句式结构
句式 2：动名词作伴随状语
教材原句
brought
much
sadness
3.However, while such disasters ________ ________ ________
______ _____________, the desire to explore the universe did not die.
然而，尽管这些灾难带来不少悲伤和失望，但(人们)探索宇宙的愿
望永不磨灭。
and
disappointment
句式结构
句式 3：while 引导让步状语从句
课文复现
Since earliest time, man has dreamt of 1.__________ (explore)
the universe, but before the mid-20th century, it was considered only a
dream that could never come true.However, with the efforts of
scientists, rockers that could escape Earth's gravity 2._____________
(make).In 1961, the USSR sent the first person into space.Then,
American astronaut Neil Armstrong took the first step on the moon,
3.________ was considered a giant leap for mankind.
exploring
were made
which
Scientists tried 4._______________ (ensure) the safety of the
astronauts, but disasters still happened, which made everyone sad and
5.__________ (disappoint).However, the desire to explore the universe
never died.This is 6.__________ people believe in the 7.__________
(important) of carrying on space exploration despite the huge risks.
China has made great progress in space programme in recent
years.In 2003, Yang Liwei successfully orbited Earth in the Shenzhou
5 spacecraft.More 8.________ (recent), China has sent Chang'e 4 to
explore the surface of the far side of the moon to make measurements
and 9.____________ (observe).
to ensure
disappointed
because
importance
recently
observations
The future of space exploration remains bright.Despite the
difficulties, scientists hope future discoveries will not only enable us
to understand how the universe began, 10.______ also help us survive
well into the future.
but
单句语法填空
1.Though the Internet is beneficial, we should use our _________
(intelligent) and not be a slave to it!
2.The government's policy of compromise is not ____________
(universal) popular.
3.It was lack of confidence that resulted ________ his failure in
the competition.
intelligence
universally
in
on
4.In addition, a hero must be optimistic and diligent and be keen
________ his hard work.
5.He is being constantly ________ (monitor) with regular checks
on his blood pressure.
monitored
to
as/though
6.Travelling abroad was limited ______ rich tourists and wealthy
business people decades ago.
7.Child ___________ he is, he knows a lot of Chinese characters.
8.He stood up, signalling _______ the officer that he had finished
with his client.
to
desirable
determined
9.It is __________ (desire) that interest rates should be reduced.
10.I am __________ (determine) to concentrate all my energy on
the study.
1.determined adj.有决心的；意志坚定的
【典例】
①My father was determined that none of his children would be
denied an education.我父亲决心不让他的孩子们被剥夺受教育的权
利。
②Amazed at how skillful they were, I was determined to be just
as good.我惊讶于他们的技艺，决心要做得和他们一样好。
【归纳】
a determined look 坚定的眼神(表情)
be determined that 决心……
be determined to do sth.下定决心做某事
【点津】
determine to do sth.表示动作，为非延续性动词短语，不可与
时间状语连用； be determined to do sth.表示状态，可与表示时间
段的状语连用。
【拓展】
(1)determine vt.查明；确定；决定
determine to do sth.决定做某事
determine on sth.决定某事
(2)determination n.决定；决心；果断
with determination 坚决地；果断地
【即学即用】
单句语法填空
to work
Determined
(1)She determined __________ (work) twice as hard as before to
make up for the lost time.
determination
(2)_______________ (determine) to be myself, moving forward,
free of shame and worldly labels, I can now call myself a “marathon
winner”.
(3)Write a poem about how courage, _____________ (determine),
and strength have helped you face challenges in your life.
2.desire n.渴望；欲望 vt.渴望；期望
【典例】
①The boy has a strong desire for success, so he works harder
than before.这个男孩有强烈的成功欲望，所以他比以前更努力地工
作。
②Fewer people desire to live in the north of the country.很少人
愿意住在这个国家的北部。
③All the students present
desire that they should go to a key
university.在场的所有学生都希望他们能上重点大学。
【归纳】
have a strong/no desire for sth.急于/不想得到某物
have a strong desire to do sth.迫切想要做某事
desire to do sth.渴望做某事
【点津】
(1)表示“渴望做某事”表达的还有： be eager to do sth./be
eager for sth.; be thirsty to do sth./be thirsty for sth.; long for sth./long
to do sth.等。
(2)desire 作及物动词时，不用于进行时态。desire 意为“渴
望”，后接宾语从句时，从句中的谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原
形”。此外，desire 作名词时其后所接的主语从句、表语从句和同
位语从句也要用虚拟语气。
【拓展】
desirable adj.理想的；值得拥有的；可取的
【即学即用】
单句语法填空
for
(should) be adjusted
(1)He always has a strong desire ________ knowledge.
(2)The parents as well as students desire that the current education
system __________________ (adjust) to ensure their good sleep.
完成句子，每空一词
(3)既然你渴望学习中国文化，我认为北京语言大学是你的理
想去处。
Now that you ________ _______ ________ ________ ________
________ Chinese culture, I think Beijing Language and Culture
University is an ideal place for you.
desire
to
learn
＝ Since you ________ ________ ________Chinese culture, I
think Beijing Language and Culture University is an ideal place for
you.
have
a
strong
desire
to
learn
3.lack n.缺乏；短缺 vt.没有；缺乏
【典例】
①Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits
and a lack of exercise.健康问题与不良的饮食习惯和缺乏锻炼密切
相关。
②The tour was cancelled for lack of bookings.那次旅行因无预
定而取消了。
③As he is very rich he lacks for nothing.他很富有，什么都不
缺。
【归纳】
(a) lack of...缺乏……
for lack of...因缺乏……
(have/there is) no lack of...不缺乏……
lack (for)...缺乏……
lack for nothing 什么也不缺
【点津】
lack 作及物动词时，不可用于被动语态；lack 作不及物动词时，
常与介词 for连用；lack作名词时，常与介词of连用；形容词lacking
常与介词 in 连用。
【拓展】
lacking adj.短缺的；缺乏的
be lacking in...缺少……
【即学即用】
单句语法填空
lacking
of
(1)Though ________ (lack) money, his parents managed to send
him to university.
(2)More and more high-rise buildings have been built in big
cities for lack ________ space.
完成句子，每空一词
(3)他缺乏与他人交流的技能，因此在比赛中失败了。
He ________ the skill to communicate with others, so he failed
in the competition.
lacked
was
lacking
in
Lacking
＝ He ________ ________ ________ the skill to communicate
with others, so he failed in the competition.
＝________ the skill to communicate with others, he failed in the
competition.
＝________ ________ ________ the skill to communicate with
others, he failed in the competition.
For
lack
of
4.argue vt.& vi.论证；争辩；争论
【典例】
①I won't argue with you about this matter again.我不会再和你
争论这件事了。
②He argued against the use of punishment for those who broke
the school rules.他反对对违反校规的人实施惩罚。
③I managed to
argue my classmates into accepting my idea.我
设法说服我的同学接受了我的想法。
【归纳】
argue with sb.about/over sth.与某人争论某事
argue for/against sth.提出理由支持/反对某事
argue sb.into/out of doing sth.说服某人做/不做某事
argue that...主张/认为……
【点津】
表示“说服……做……”的表达还有：persuade sb.to do sth.,
persuade sb.into doing sth., convince sb.to do sth., talk sb.into doing
sth.等。
【拓展】
argument n.争辩；争论；辩论
an argument about/over...关于……的争论/辩论
have an argument with sb.与某人争论
【即学即用】
单句语法填空
for
with
into
(1)The workers, who argued ________ their own rights, argued
________ the boss for a few days, but failed to argue him ________
giving them a rise in wages.
(2)After a long time of discussion, they accepted the agreement
without ________ (argue).
argument
完成句子，每空一词
(3)我们想方设法劝说他接受我们的建议，但都是徒劳的。
We tried many ways to __________________ _______ _______
________ our advice, but in vain.
argue/persuade/talk
him
into
following
5.limited adj.有限的
【典例】
①The length of the article should be limited to 400 words or so.
文章的长度应该限制在 400 字左右。
②We must limit the expenses to what we can afford.我们必须把
开支限制在我们能负担得起的范围内。
③I'm willing to help, within limit.我愿意在力所能及的范围内
帮忙。
【归纳】
be limited to sth.局限于某处(团体/范围)
limit sth.to...将某事限定在……
【拓展】
(1)limit n.界限；限制 vt.限制；限定
limit sth.to...将某事限定在……
above/over/below the limit 超出/高于/低于限度
(2)limitation n.限制；制约
(3)limitless adj.无限制的；无界限的
(4)unlimited adj.无限制的；无限量的；无条件的
【即学即用】
单句语法填空
limited
to
(1)Life is ________ (limit), but there is no limit _______ serving
the people.
on/to
limitless
(2)We must set a limit ________ the expense of the trip.
(3)Reading satisfies my desire to keep learning.And I've found
that the possibilities that lie within books are ________ (limit).
1.so as to (do sth.) 为了；以便
【典例】
①I'll give you a key so that you can let yourself in.我把钥匙给
你，这样你就可以自己开门进去了。
②In order to find a better job, he decided to study a second
foreign language.为了找一份更好的工作，他决定再学一门外语。
③Leave your telephone number in order that we might contact
you.请留下你的电话号码，以便我们与你联系。
短语 用法
so as to 常置于句中，不能置于句首，作目的状语(否定形式：
so as not to)
in order to 可置于句中或句首，作目的状语，意为“为了；以便”
(否定形式：in order not to)
【辨析】 so as to, in order to/that 与 so that
短语 用法
in order that 引导目的状语从句，从句中的谓语部分常含有情态动
词 can/could/may/might 等
so that ①引导目的状语从句，从句中的谓语部分常含有情态
动词 can/could/may/might 等
②引导结果状语从句，从句中不用情态动词
(续表)
【即学即用】
so
that
in
order
that
完成句子，每空一词
我们把灯打开，以便看看它是什么。
We turned on the light ________ ________/________ ________
________ we might see what it was.
＝We turned on the light _________ __________ ________ see
what it was.
so/in
as/order
to
2.as a result 所以；结果(是)
【典例】
①Alice overslept this morning.As a result, she was late for
school.爱丽丝今天早上睡过头了。结果，她上学迟到了。
②About 21 million people died during the 1990s as a result of
smoking.20 世纪 90 年代，大约有 2100 万人死于吸烟。
③Pollution and other serious problems have resulted from
human progress.人类的进步导致了污染和其他严重的问题。
④I learnt that shouting and threats of punishment would result in
a disaster.我了解到，大喊大叫和威胁惩罚会导致一场灾难。
【归纳】
as a result/consequence of 由于；因为
without result 徒劳；毫无结果
result from 由……造成
result in 导致；结果是……
【即学即用】
单句语法填空
of
(1)She was late as a result ________ the heavy snow.
完成句子，每空一词
resulted
from
resulted
in
(2)他的失败是工作不够努力造成的。
His failure ________ ________ not working hard enough.
＝Not working hard enough ________ ________ his failure.
(3)结果他只得离开。
As
a
result
________ ________ ________, he had to leave.
3.run out 用完；耗尽
【典例】
①Food supplies in the flood-stricken area are running out, so
we must act immediately before there's none left.地震灾区的食物供
给快要用光了，所以我们必须趁着供给用完之前立刻采取行动。
②After a long journey, he has run out of his energy.经过长途旅
行，他已筋疲力尽。
③It is irresponsible of you to run away from difficulties.你逃避
困难是不负责任的。
短语 用法
run out of 意为“用完了……”, 是及物动词短语，相当于 use up，
主语一般是人
run out 意为“……用完了”, 是不及物动词短语，无被动语态，
相当于 be used up，主语一般是物(时间、金钱、食物等)
give out 意为“用完；筋疲力尽”，为不及物动词短语
use up 意为“用完；耗尽”，为及物动词短语
【辨析】 run out (of), give out 与 use up
【拓展】
run away from 逃离；躲避
run after 追赶；追求
run into 撞上；偶然遇到
run over 碾过；思考；超过时间
run across 偶然遇到
【即学即用】
run across
had run out of
用 run 的有关短语适当形式填空
(1)I was lucky enough to ______________ one of my old friends
when I ______________ all the money in a supermarket, or I would
have been quite embarrassed.
(2)Some little kids _________________________ the flower car.
Unfortunately, one of them ________________ a light pole and was
badly injured.
were running after
ran into
1.Over eight years later, on 20 July 1969, American astronaut
Neil Armstrong stepped onto the moon, famously saying, “That's
one small step for [a] man, one giant leap for mankind.”(教材 P40)
八年后的 1969 年 7 月 20 日，美国宇航员尼尔·阿姆斯特朗登上了
月球，并有一句名言：“对一个人来说，这是一小步；对人类来
说，这是一大步。”
【剖析】 本句中的 famously saying 是现在分词短语作伴随状
语，和主语 American astronaut Neil Armstrong 在逻辑上是主谓关
系。
【典例】
①(2023· 新高考 Ⅰ卷 · 阅读理解 A)The tour departs from Dam
Square every hour on the hour, starting at 1：00 p.m.every day.旅行团
逢整点从大坝广场出发，从每天下午 1 点开始。
②(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解 B)When John Todd was a child,
he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how
nature solved problems.当约翰·托德还是个孩子的时候，他喜欢探
索房子周围的树林，观察大自然是如何解决问题的。
【点津】
(1)现在分词(短语)作状语可以表示时间、条件、原因、让步、
结果、方式、伴随等，其逻辑主语要和句子主语保持一致，且分
词(短语)与句中主语为逻辑上的主谓关系。如：
Seeing those pictures, she remembered her childhood.(表时间)看
到那些画，她想起了自己的童年。
A number of new machines were installed in the factory,
resulting in an increase in production.(表结果)这家工厂安装了许多
新机器，因而增加了生产。
(2)当现在分词(短语)的动作发生在主句谓语动词之前时，要用
现在分词的完成时 having done。如：
Having finished her homework, the little girl began to watch TV.
做完家庭作业后，这个小女孩开始看电视。
(3)作状语的现在分词(短语)相当于一个状语从句。如：
Working hard ( ＝If you work hard), you will succeed.如果你勤
奋一点，你就会成功。
【即学即用】
用现在分词(短语)作状语改写句子
(1)He lay on the grass, and stared at the sky for a long time.
He lay on the grass, ________ ________ ________ ________ for
a long time.
staring
at
the
sky
(2)His father died, and left him a lot of money.
His father died, ________ _______ _______ _______ ________
________.
leaving
him
a
lot
of
money
(3)Although they knew all this, they made me pay for the
damage.
___________ ________ ________, they made me pay for the
damage.
Knowing
all
this
2.However, while such disasters brought much sadness and
disappointment, the desire to explore the universe did not die.( 教
材 P41)然而，尽管这些灾难带来不少悲伤和失望，但(人们)探索
宇宙的愿望永不磨灭。
【剖析】 本句是主从复合句。句中的 while 是连词，意为
“虽然；尽管”，引导让步状语从句，相当于 though/although。
【典例】
①While I was waiting at the bus stop, three buses went by in the
opposite direction.我在公共汽车站等车时，对向驶过了三辆公共汽
车。
②The effects of global warming, while not immediate, are
potentially catastrophic.全球气温上升的后果虽然并非即时发生，但
可能潜伏着大灾难。
③Most students face the problem of funding themselves while
they are studying. 大多数学生在求学期间都会面临经济来源的问
题。
④It took her a while to adjust to living alone. 她过了一段时间
才适应独自生活。
【拓展】
(1)while 作连词，意为“虽然；尽管”时，引导让步状语从句；
意为“当……的时候”时，引导时间状语从句；意为“然而”时，
引导并列句。
(2)while 作名词时，意为“一会；一段时间”。常见的固定搭
配有：for a while (一会；一段时间)，after a while (一段时间之后)，
once in a while (偶尔)。
【即学即用】
写出下列句子中 while 引导的从句类型
(1)While I am willing to help, I do not have much time available.
__________________
让步状语从句
时间状语从句
(2)The temperature remained constant while pressure was a
variable in the experiment.__________________
完成句子，每空一词
for
a
while
(3)他们坚信只要坚持一段时间，奇迹就会发生。
They hold the belief that so long as they insist on ______ _____
________, a miracle will happen.
(4)偶尔走出办公室去透透气也是一种调剂。
It's a relief to get out of the office ________ ________ ________
________.
once
in
a
while
【句型升级】
按要求完成句子
1.Though they were lacking money, his parents managed to send
him to university.(用省略句改写句子，每空一词)
________ ________ money, his parents managed to send him to
university.
Though
lacking
2.If you judge from his accent, you can easily know he comes
from Canada.(改写句子，每空一词)
Judging
from
________ ________ his accent, you can easily know he comes
from Canada.
attracting huge audiences and
3.Jaws was a great success, attracted huge audiences and won
many awards.(用现在分词短语改写句子)
Jaws was a great success, _______________________________
_________________________.
winning many awards
4.要想成功，首先要做的就是对自己的行为负责。(动词不定
式作后置定语)
the
first
to
do
To be successful, ________ ________ ________ ________ is
that you should be responsible for your actions.
5.许多年轻人涌向大城市，这是因为那里有很多工作机会。
(表语从句)
this/it
is
because
Many young people flock to big cities, _______ ______ _______
there are many job opportunities.
【语篇写作】
应用文写作
最近你班同学就“人类是否应该进行宇宙探索”这个问题进
行了激烈的讨论。
有人认为，探索宇宙不仅让人类更好地了解宇宙的发展，还
可以用来进行农业实验，以及把一些探索太空的高新技术用于现
实生活中；但也有一些人认为探索太空花掉了大量的人力和物力，
影响了人们的生活水平。
请你根据以上情况写一篇报告并发表自己的观点。
注意：
1.写作词数应为 80 左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考范文：
Recently we have held a heated discussion about the issue
whether mankind should explore space or not.Different people have
different opinions.
Some people hold the view that space exploration will not only
enable us to understand how the universe develops but also help
farming by doing agriculture experiments and apply the new
technology to our life.While other people argue that we should stop
exploring space because it costs too much time and energy.
From my point of view, it is very necessary for humans to
explore space, because it can not only provide the world with many
different benefits, but also solve people's short-term and long-term
problems.
谢谢
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