人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册Unit 5 Poems Learning about language定语从句复习课件（共25页）
文档属性
| 名称 | 人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册Unit 5 Poems Learning about language定语从句复习课件（共25页） |  | |
| 格式 | pptx | ||
| 文件大小 | 484.6KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-10-07 19:35:10 | ||
图片预览
内容文字预览
(共25张PPT)
定语从句
What is attribute (定语)
She is a girl.
She is a lovely girl.
定语
形容词性质，可译为“...的”
修饰句中名词或代词
She is a student of our school.
定语不一定由形容词充当
定语从句
(跟在名词或代词后的从句大概率为定从)
She is a lovely girl.
The girl is singing.
+
She is a lovely girl who is singing.
先行词
（被定语修饰的
名词或代词）
引导词
(关系代词)
在从句中指代先行词
定从引导词(关系代词)在从句中一定作成分，先行词在从句中作什么成分，
关系代词就作什么成分
定从
who / that whom / that whose
which / that which / that whose
引导词的使用
为人
为物
作主语
作宾语
作定语
先行词性质
先行词在从句中的成分
He is the man ___________ I saw yesterday.
She is a teacher __________ helped us solve the problem.
Typhoon is an extremely strong wind ______ often happens in this city.
This is the book _____________ you want.
who / that
whom / that
which / that
which / that
先找从句中的谓语，先行词补位在谓语前就作主语，在谓语后作宾语
①
②
先行词作主语还是宾语的规律：
关系代词
who / that whom / that whose
which / that which / that whose
引导词的使用
为人
为物
作主语
作宾语
作定语
先行词性质
先行词在从句中的成分
Please give me the cup _______ color is green.
I know a man _______ son studies in this school.
whose
whose
因为作定语，whose翻译为“...的”，whose前后都有名词，构成”A whose B“，翻译为”A的B”
①
②
引导词的使用
先行词性质
先行词在从句中的成分
Reviewing
who / that whom / that whose
which / that which / that whose
为人
为物
作主语
作宾语
作定语
先行词性质
先行词在从句中的成分
Reviewing
定从特殊情况
一、引导词的省略
若先行词（即引导词）在从句中充当谓语动词的宾语，可省略引导词
作主语 作宾语 作定语
为人 who / that whom / that whose
为物 which / that which / that whose
( )
( )
He is the man ___________ I saw yesterday.
This is the book _____________ you want.
whom/that
which/that
( )
( )
Exercises
(1) The children ________ were injured in the car accident are in the hospital now.
(2) Danny was the man _________ we rescued from the ruins.
(3) The food and clothes _________ were provided to the disaster area were collected from the government.
(4) The Tangshan earthquake was a terrible experience ________ my grandma cannot forget.
(5) The injured boy ______ mother was lost in the disaster was taken to the hospital.
(6) He lives in a room _______ window faces north.
who/that
whom/that
which/that
which/that
whose
whose
定从特殊情况
一、引导词的省略
1. 若先行词（即关系代词）在从句中充当谓语动词的宾语，可省略引导词
2. 若先行词（即关系代词）在从句中充当介词的宾语，介词会提前, 不可省略引导词
“及物动词 + 宾语”
“不及物动词 + 介词 + 宾语”
This is the book _____________ you want.
(which/that)
This is the house in ______ I used to live .
which
I used to live in the house.
(介词后不可用that)
This is the house.
定从特殊情况
1. 当先行词为all，everything，nothing，anything，little，few，much等不定代词时，或者先行词被这些词修饰时，引导词用that
All _____ can be done has been done.
that
This is the most delicious food ______ I have ever eaten.
that
2. 当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时，引导词用that
Anyone _____ breaks the law should be punished (惩罚).
who
(当先行词是指人的不定代词时，如：those, one, ones,anyone等，用who)
二、只能用that的情况
定从特殊情况
二、只能用that的情况
3. 当先行词被the only，the very，the last修饰时，引导词用that
This is the very book ______ I want to buy.
that
4. 当先行词有人又有物时，引导词用that
She took photos of the things and people ______ she was interested in.
that
5. 主句是who或which的疑问句，为避免重复，从句引导词用that
Who is the man ______ is talking to Amy
that
Exercises
(7) All ___________ we have to do is to practise every day.
(8) I have read all the books _________ you gave me.
(9) The first lesson _______ I learned will never be forgotten.
(10) He is the only person _________ I want to talk to.
(11) We are talking about the people and the places ________ we have visited in the countryside.
(12) Which is the books ________ you want to buy
that
that
that
that
that
that
定语从句 — 关系副词
状语
They came yesterday.
(时间状语)
We live in the school.
(地点状语)
He is late this moring, bacause he missed the bus.
(原因状语)
关系副词
从句中 作状语
时间状语
地点状语
原因状语
when
where
why
定语从句 — 关系副词
I will never forget the day _____ I first saw you.
先行词
表示时间的名词
引导词
(关系副词when)
在从句中作时间状语
when
We will remember those days ______ we played together.
We will remember those days ________ we spent together.
when
which/that
定语从句 — 关系副词
I know this place ______ we can swim.
先行词
表示地点的名词
引导词
(关系副词where)
在从句中作地点状语
where
This is the factory ______ my father works.
This is the factory __________ a lot of students visited.
where
which/that
定语从句 — 关系副词
The reason _____ I like you is your money.
先行词
通常为reason
引导词
(关系副词why)
在从句中作原因状语
why
That was the reason _____ I like you.
That was the reason __________ he gave me yesterday.
why
which/that
Exercises
(2) I never forget the day _______ I joined the club.
(1) Do you know the street _______ Li Ming lives.
(3) I don’t know the reason _______ she looks unhappy today.
关系副词引导的定从：
时间、地点、原因先行词
不着急，查完成分再下笔
where
when
why
1. I’ll never forget the day __________I joined the team .
2. I’ll never forget the day on _______I joined the team .
3. The school _________ my son studies is near a park.
4. The school in ________ my son studies is near a park.
5. Do you know the reason __________ he is so upset
6. Do you know the reason for ________ he is so upset
介词+关系代词(which)=关系副词
when
which
where
which
why
which
where 还可用在表示抽象意义的地点名词后，如situation, stage, point, case, position, condition, activity, scene, occasion等,意思是“到了某种地步，在某种境况中” 。
He got into a situation where it is hard to decide what is right and wrong.
Summary
做题步骤：
先找先行词，是人是物，
再找从句谓语判成分，缺啥补啥
关系代词
主语
宾语
定语
补位从句谓语前
补位从句谓语后
名(A) whose 名(B)，A的B
关系代词
时间状语
地点状语
原因状语
when (先行词表时间)
where (先行词表地点)
why (先行词reason)
As引导的限制性定语从句
as引导限制性定语从句先行词前常被such, the same, so, as 修饰，即构成such…as , the same …as, 结构，做题时容易忽略。as在定语从句中应充当成分如：主语、宾语或表语。
He is such a respectable man as we all respect .
He is such a respectable man that we all respect him.
This is the same watch as he lost yesterday.
This is the same watch that he lost yesterday.
这和他昨天丢的那块表一样。（同一类）
这正是他昨天丢的那块表。（同一个）
连词that，引导结果状语从句，在从句中不做成分。
关系代词as，引导定语从句，在句中做宾语。
(1) As we all know, Taiwan belongs to China.
(2) Things will turn out contrary to one's
wishes, as is often the case.
(3) As the saying goes, “A year's work begins
with spring.”
注：as可以像which 一样引导一个定语从句修饰整个先行主句，而不是某一个单词，常常可以译为“正如，正像”，而which 一般译为“这”；as是关系词中唯一可以置于句首的关系词。(导学案P114)
As引导非限制性定语从句
关系词
定语从句
修饰名词/代词，可译为“...的”
限制性定从
（跟在所修饰名词或代词后面）
定语从句引导词
The children ________ were injured in the car accident are in the hospital now.
非限制性定从
修饰前面某个名词 / 代词或整个句子
有逗号隔开
不可用that
Mr. Chen is going to retire, ____ has been working here for 30 years.
He never gives up easily, _______ makes his families very proud.
who / that
who
which
关系词
定从引导词
①先行词性质
主语
定语从句引导词
定语
人
：who / that
物
：which / that
宾语
人
：whom / that
物
：which / that
名(A) whose 名(B)
译为：A的B
状语
时间(when)
：先行词和时间有关
地点(where)
：先行词和地点有关
原因(why)
：reason
(whose)
②在从句中作的成分
定语从句引导词默写
定从引导词
①______性质
__语
__语
人:
物:
__语
人:
物:
前后都是_____(至少后面是_____)
译为：
__语
________
：先行词和_____有关
：先行词和______有关
(_____)
②在从句中作的____
________
________
：先行词______
定语从句
What is attribute (定语)
She is a girl.
She is a lovely girl.
定语
形容词性质，可译为“...的”
修饰句中名词或代词
She is a student of our school.
定语不一定由形容词充当
定语从句
(跟在名词或代词后的从句大概率为定从)
She is a lovely girl.
The girl is singing.
+
She is a lovely girl who is singing.
先行词
（被定语修饰的
名词或代词）
引导词
(关系代词)
在从句中指代先行词
定从引导词(关系代词)在从句中一定作成分，先行词在从句中作什么成分，
关系代词就作什么成分
定从
who / that whom / that whose
which / that which / that whose
引导词的使用
为人
为物
作主语
作宾语
作定语
先行词性质
先行词在从句中的成分
He is the man ___________ I saw yesterday.
She is a teacher __________ helped us solve the problem.
Typhoon is an extremely strong wind ______ often happens in this city.
This is the book _____________ you want.
who / that
whom / that
which / that
which / that
先找从句中的谓语，先行词补位在谓语前就作主语，在谓语后作宾语
①
②
先行词作主语还是宾语的规律：
关系代词
who / that whom / that whose
which / that which / that whose
引导词的使用
为人
为物
作主语
作宾语
作定语
先行词性质
先行词在从句中的成分
Please give me the cup _______ color is green.
I know a man _______ son studies in this school.
whose
whose
因为作定语，whose翻译为“...的”，whose前后都有名词，构成”A whose B“，翻译为”A的B”
①
②
引导词的使用
先行词性质
先行词在从句中的成分
Reviewing
who / that whom / that whose
which / that which / that whose
为人
为物
作主语
作宾语
作定语
先行词性质
先行词在从句中的成分
Reviewing
定从特殊情况
一、引导词的省略
若先行词（即引导词）在从句中充当谓语动词的宾语，可省略引导词
作主语 作宾语 作定语
为人 who / that whom / that whose
为物 which / that which / that whose
( )
( )
He is the man ___________ I saw yesterday.
This is the book _____________ you want.
whom/that
which/that
( )
( )
Exercises
(1) The children ________ were injured in the car accident are in the hospital now.
(2) Danny was the man _________ we rescued from the ruins.
(3) The food and clothes _________ were provided to the disaster area were collected from the government.
(4) The Tangshan earthquake was a terrible experience ________ my grandma cannot forget.
(5) The injured boy ______ mother was lost in the disaster was taken to the hospital.
(6) He lives in a room _______ window faces north.
who/that
whom/that
which/that
which/that
whose
whose
定从特殊情况
一、引导词的省略
1. 若先行词（即关系代词）在从句中充当谓语动词的宾语，可省略引导词
2. 若先行词（即关系代词）在从句中充当介词的宾语，介词会提前, 不可省略引导词
“及物动词 + 宾语”
“不及物动词 + 介词 + 宾语”
This is the book _____________ you want.
(which/that)
This is the house in ______ I used to live .
which
I used to live in the house.
(介词后不可用that)
This is the house.
定从特殊情况
1. 当先行词为all，everything，nothing，anything，little，few，much等不定代词时，或者先行词被这些词修饰时，引导词用that
All _____ can be done has been done.
that
This is the most delicious food ______ I have ever eaten.
that
2. 当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时，引导词用that
Anyone _____ breaks the law should be punished (惩罚).
who
(当先行词是指人的不定代词时，如：those, one, ones,anyone等，用who)
二、只能用that的情况
定从特殊情况
二、只能用that的情况
3. 当先行词被the only，the very，the last修饰时，引导词用that
This is the very book ______ I want to buy.
that
4. 当先行词有人又有物时，引导词用that
She took photos of the things and people ______ she was interested in.
that
5. 主句是who或which的疑问句，为避免重复，从句引导词用that
Who is the man ______ is talking to Amy
that
Exercises
(7) All ___________ we have to do is to practise every day.
(8) I have read all the books _________ you gave me.
(9) The first lesson _______ I learned will never be forgotten.
(10) He is the only person _________ I want to talk to.
(11) We are talking about the people and the places ________ we have visited in the countryside.
(12) Which is the books ________ you want to buy
that
that
that
that
that
that
定语从句 — 关系副词
状语
They came yesterday.
(时间状语)
We live in the school.
(地点状语)
He is late this moring, bacause he missed the bus.
(原因状语)
关系副词
从句中 作状语
时间状语
地点状语
原因状语
when
where
why
定语从句 — 关系副词
I will never forget the day _____ I first saw you.
先行词
表示时间的名词
引导词
(关系副词when)
在从句中作时间状语
when
We will remember those days ______ we played together.
We will remember those days ________ we spent together.
when
which/that
定语从句 — 关系副词
I know this place ______ we can swim.
先行词
表示地点的名词
引导词
(关系副词where)
在从句中作地点状语
where
This is the factory ______ my father works.
This is the factory __________ a lot of students visited.
where
which/that
定语从句 — 关系副词
The reason _____ I like you is your money.
先行词
通常为reason
引导词
(关系副词why)
在从句中作原因状语
why
That was the reason _____ I like you.
That was the reason __________ he gave me yesterday.
why
which/that
Exercises
(2) I never forget the day _______ I joined the club.
(1) Do you know the street _______ Li Ming lives.
(3) I don’t know the reason _______ she looks unhappy today.
关系副词引导的定从：
时间、地点、原因先行词
不着急，查完成分再下笔
where
when
why
1. I’ll never forget the day __________I joined the team .
2. I’ll never forget the day on _______I joined the team .
3. The school _________ my son studies is near a park.
4. The school in ________ my son studies is near a park.
5. Do you know the reason __________ he is so upset
6. Do you know the reason for ________ he is so upset
介词+关系代词(which)=关系副词
when
which
where
which
why
which
where 还可用在表示抽象意义的地点名词后，如situation, stage, point, case, position, condition, activity, scene, occasion等,意思是“到了某种地步，在某种境况中” 。
He got into a situation where it is hard to decide what is right and wrong.
Summary
做题步骤：
先找先行词，是人是物，
再找从句谓语判成分，缺啥补啥
关系代词
主语
宾语
定语
补位从句谓语前
补位从句谓语后
名(A) whose 名(B)，A的B
关系代词
时间状语
地点状语
原因状语
when (先行词表时间)
where (先行词表地点)
why (先行词reason)
As引导的限制性定语从句
as引导限制性定语从句先行词前常被such, the same, so, as 修饰，即构成such…as , the same …as, 结构，做题时容易忽略。as在定语从句中应充当成分如：主语、宾语或表语。
He is such a respectable man as we all respect .
He is such a respectable man that we all respect him.
This is the same watch as he lost yesterday.
This is the same watch that he lost yesterday.
这和他昨天丢的那块表一样。（同一类）
这正是他昨天丢的那块表。（同一个）
连词that，引导结果状语从句，在从句中不做成分。
关系代词as，引导定语从句，在句中做宾语。
(1) As we all know, Taiwan belongs to China.
(2) Things will turn out contrary to one's
wishes, as is often the case.
(3) As the saying goes, “A year's work begins
with spring.”
注：as可以像which 一样引导一个定语从句修饰整个先行主句，而不是某一个单词，常常可以译为“正如，正像”，而which 一般译为“这”；as是关系词中唯一可以置于句首的关系词。(导学案P114)
As引导非限制性定语从句
关系词
定语从句
修饰名词/代词，可译为“...的”
限制性定从
（跟在所修饰名词或代词后面）
定语从句引导词
The children ________ were injured in the car accident are in the hospital now.
非限制性定从
修饰前面某个名词 / 代词或整个句子
有逗号隔开
不可用that
Mr. Chen is going to retire, ____ has been working here for 30 years.
He never gives up easily, _______ makes his families very proud.
who / that
who
which
关系词
定从引导词
①先行词性质
主语
定语从句引导词
定语
人
：who / that
物
：which / that
宾语
人
：whom / that
物
：which / that
名(A) whose 名(B)
译为：A的B
状语
时间(when)
：先行词和时间有关
地点(where)
：先行词和地点有关
原因(why)
：reason
(whose)
②在从句中作的成分
定语从句引导词默写
定从引导词
①______性质
__语
__语
人:
物:
__语
人:
物:
前后都是_____(至少后面是_____)
译为：
__语
________
：先行词和_____有关
：先行词和______有关
(_____)
②在从句中作的____
________
________
：先行词______