2025届高考英语专项复习 七选五易错题（PDF版，含解析））

高考英语
七选五易错题
Passage 1
【2023 年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】Personal Forgiveness
Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up
about them. To err (犯错) is human. ____16____ You can use the following
writing exercise to help you do this.
In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal
strengths.” ____17____ Are you caring Creative Generous A good listener
Fun to be around They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your
personality that you’re proud of.
At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list
all the positive things you’ve done for others. It might be the time when you
helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being
asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring
day. ____18____
You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your
list. ____19____ That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of
you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through . In fact, don’t
wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this—it’s a great way to boost
self-confidence at any time.
It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their
successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true. ____20____ We’ re all
changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and
grow.
A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way.
B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.
C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.
D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.
E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it.
F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.
G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.
【答案】16. D 17. B 18. F 19. C 20. G
【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章鼓励人们练习自我宽恕，并提供
了一个简单的写作练习来增强自信。通过列出个人的优点和善良的行为，人
们可以学会原谅自己的错误，并从中成长。
【16 题详解】
根据空前内容“Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t
beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is human.(为错误承担责任是积极的
一步，但不要因此而自责。人孰能无过。)”可知，作者认为人都会犯错，
勇于承担责任固然重要，但是也不要因此而过于自责。结合空后“You can use
the following writing exercise to help you do this.(你可以使用下面的写作练习
来帮助你做到这一点。)”中的“do this”以及下文内容可推断，空处应该
内容和“不要太自责”相似。选项 D“It’s just as important to show yourself some
forgiveness.(宽恕自己也同样重要。)”与“不要太自责”语意相近，起承上
启下的作用。故选 D。
【17 题详解】
根据空前内容“In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal
strengths. ”(在日记或纸上写上“个人优点”。)”以及空后内容“Are you caring
Creative Generous A good listener Fun to be around They don’t have to be
world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of.(你有爱心
吗？有创造力吗？你慷慨吗？是一个好的倾听者？与人相处很有趣吗？它
们不一定要改变世界，只要你个性中让你感到自豪的方面就行。)”可知，
空处指的是列出一些你个性中的优点。选项 B“Now list all the characteristics
you like about yourself.(现在列出所有你喜欢的自己身上的特点。)”符合上
下文内容，下文内容具体解释那些是优点。故选 B。
【18 题详解】
根据上文内容“At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.”
On this one, list all the positive things you’ve done for others. It might be the
time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing
without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring
day.(在第二页的顶部，写上“善举”的标题。在这张单子上，列出你为别
人做过的所有积极的事情。它可能是当你帮助朋友做作业的时候，当你没有
被要求却主动熨衣服的时候，或者当你在家人累了一天之后烤饼干的时候。)”
可知，本段主要讲述的是列出一些自己所做的好事。选项 F“Whatever it is,
no matter how small it might seem, write it down.(不管是什么，不管它看起来
有多小，都要把它写下来。)”与上文内容一致，讲述的是不管你所做的事
情不管有多小，只要是好的事情，都记下来。故选 F。
【19 题详解】
根据空后内容“That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of
you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through.(这样，你们
就可以交换意见，谈谈是什么让你们每个人都与众不同，以及你们个性中闪
光的方面。)”可知，空处提到了某种方式，这种方式会使得你和朋友们一
起交换意见等。选项 C“They might even like to have a go at doing the
exercise.(他们甚至可能想试一试做练习。)”符合语境，C 项中的“they”与
空前的“You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list .(你可
以让朋友或家人帮你增加你的列表内容。)”中的“a friend or family member”
保持一致，同时选项 C 和下文“In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake
to try this—it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time.(事实上，不要
等到你犯了错误才去尝试这个——这是一个在任何时候都能增强自信的好
方法。)”中的“this”一致。故选 C。
【20 题详解】
根据空前内容“It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not
from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true.(大多数人不是从
他们的成功中学习，而是从他们的错误中学习，这是陈词滥调。但事实是，
这是真的。)”可知，作者认为人是从错误中学习。选项 G“Whatever the mistake,
remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.(不管你犯了什么错误，记
住这不是你性格中固定的一面。)”符合语境，G 项中的“isn’t a fixed aspect
of your personality”和空后内容“We’ re all changing and learning all the time
and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow.(我们一直在改变和学习，
错误是一种积极的发展和成长的方式。)”保持一致，指的都是犯错并不是
性格中固有的一面，我们是通过错误来成长。故选 G。
Passage 2
【2023 年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】As an artist who shares her journey on social media,
I’m often asked by curious followers how to begin an art journey. Unfortunately,
there is no magic list I can offer. I do remember, though, what it was like to be a
complete beginner. So I’ve put together some good tips for starting an art
journey.
·Start small. I suggest using a sketchbook (素描本) for small studies. These
small studies provide inspiration and may be a springboard for more complex
works in the future. ___16___ You’ll want to look back on your journey to see
how far you’ve come.
·Paint often and paint from life. There’s no better way to improve than to put in
those brush miles. Whether you paint still lifes, portraits, or landscapes, paint
from life as much as possible. ___17___
·Continually challenge yourself to try something new. ___18___ Artistic growth
can be a bit painful. Welcome to the club；we’ve all been there. I love taking on
challenges. I once took up a challenge to create a painting every day for a month
and post the works online.
·___19___ Seeking and accepting constructive feedback (反馈 ) is crucial to
growth. I post my work on social media and, in turn, have met some of the kindest
people. They make me feel valued and respected, no matter my level of artistic
ability.
The journey you’re on won’t follow a straight path. ___20___ Push through, give
it time and put in the effort. You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life.
AGet out of your comfort zone.
B. Make career plans and set goals.
C. Don’t throw away your beginner art.
D. Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so.
E. You’ll hit roadblocks, and you’ll feel discouraged at times.
F. Evaluate your performance and, if needed, redefine your role.
G. You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition.
【答案】16. C 17. G 18. A 19. D 20. E
【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了了一些开始艺术之旅的好建议。
【16 题详解】
根据前文“Start small. I suggest using a sketchbook (素描本) for small studies.
These small studies provide inspiration and may be a springboard for more
complex works in the future. (从小开始。我建议使用一个素描本进行小规模
的学习和实践。这些小的学习和实践可以提供灵感，并成为未来更复杂的作
品的跳板)”以及后文“You’ll want to look back on your journey to see how far
you’ve come. (你会想要回顾一下自己的艺术之旅，看看自己已经取得多少
进步)”可知，空处应是一个过渡句，从给出建议使用一个素描本进行小规
模的学习和实践，到回顾自己的艺术之旅，所以 C 项“Don’t throw away your
beginner art. (不要扔掉你的初学时的艺术作品)”符合文意，和后文形成顺
承关系。故选 C 项。
【17 题详解】
分析设空处，位于段尾，是对本段总结，根据前文“Paint often and paint from
life. There’s no better way to improve than to put in those brush miles. Whether
you paint still lifes, portraits, or landscapes, paint from life as much as possible.
(经常作画，且从生活中作画。没有什么比不断练习更能提高你的艺术水平
了。无论你是绘制静物、肖像还是风景，都要尽可能地从真实生活中去观察
和绘制)”可知，本段主要讲述不断练习绘画，所以 G 项“You’ll develop that
painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition. (你会逐渐形成只有通
过反复练习才能获得的绘画肌肉记忆)”是对前文的总结。故选 G 项。
【18 题详解】
分析设空处，空处位于第二句，此处应是对前一句的进一步解释，并同时引
出后文，根据前文“Continually challenge yourself to try something new. (不
断挑战自己，尝试新事物)”以及后文“Artistic growth can be a bit painful. (艺
术的成长可能会有点痛苦)”可知，A 项“Get out of your comfort zone. (走出
你的舒适区)”是对前句的进一步说明，和后文构成顺承关系。故选 A 项。
【19 题详解】
分析设空处，位于段首，是本段的中心句，根据后文“Seeking and accepting
constructive feedback (反馈) is crucial to growth. I post my work on social media
and, in turn, have met some of the kindest people. They make me feel valued and
respected, no matter my level of artistic ability. (寻求并接受有建设性的反馈对
于你的成长非常重要。我在社交媒体上发布我的作品，并因此结识了一些最
友好的人。无论我的艺术水平如何，他们都让我感到受到了重视和尊重)”
可知，本段主要讲述了是分享自己的作品，所以 D 项“Share your work if you
feel comfortable doing so. (如果你感觉舒适的话，分享你的作品)”符合文意，
是本段的中心句。故选 D 项。
【20 题详解】
分析设空处，空处位于第二句，此处应是对前一句的进一步解释，并同时引
出后文，根据前文“The journey you’re on won’t follow a straight path. (你的
旅程不会是一条笔直的道路)”以及后文“Push through, give it time and put in
the effort. You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life. (坚持下去，给它时间，
付出努力。你将收获艺术生活的回报)”可知，E 项“You’ll hit roadblocks, and
you’ll feel discouraged at times. (你会遇到障碍，有时你会感到气馁)”是对
前句的进一步说明，和后文构成顺承关系。故选 E 项。
Passage 3
【2023 年全国乙卷】Indoor plants might look as if they just sit around not doing
much, but in many ways they are the unsung heroes of the home.____16____, but
studies have shown that they can promote people’s wellbeing by improving their
mood (心情), reducing stress and helping their memory. What’s more, indoor
plants are easy to look after and are not very expensive.
What are indoor plants
Indoor plants, also known as houseplants or pot plants, are plants that like to
grow indoors. Many of these species (物种) are not ideally suited to growing
outside in the UK, especially in the winter. ____17____.
Why are indoor plants good for you
Will Spoelstra, who works at the Royal Botanic Gardens, says, “____18____. I
find during the winter months, plants around the house can really lift your mood.”
Several studies have backed this up and found that indoor plants can improve
creativity, focus and memory. There is also research showing that pot plants can
clean the air around them by removing harmful gases, such as carbon dioxide.
They also remove some harmful chemicals from paints or cooking. ____19____.
Which plants can you grow
Aloe vera, peace lilies and spider plants are some of the species that are easy to
grow indoors. You can buy plants from supermarkets, garden centres or online.
Younger plants are often cheaper than fully grown ones, and you get to care for
them as they mature — which is part of the joy of owning plants. “____20____,”
Spoelstra says. “It can bring a new interest and focus into people’s lives and help
to make the link between home and nature.”
A. All plants are different
B. Not only do they look beautiful
C. There are many benefits to growing plants indoors
D. Instead, they grow better inside, where it is warmer
E. Plants like peace lilies and devil’s tongue are among the best
F. Changing the pot of your plant from time to time will also help
G. Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding
【答案】16. B 17. D 18. C 19. E 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了什么是室内植物、室内植物带来的
好处及你能种植哪些室内植物。
【16 题详解】
根据下文“but studies have shown that they can promote people’s wellbeing by
improving their mood (心情), reducing stress and helping their memory.(而且研
究表明，它们可以通过改善情绪、减轻压力和帮助增强记忆力来促进人们的
健康)”可知，此处与下文是递进关系，构成 not only…bu“t 不仅……而且……”
结构。由此可知，B. Not only do they look beautiful(它们不仅看起来很漂亮)
能够衔接下文，符合语境。故选 B。
【17 题详解】
根据上文“Many of these species (物种) are not ideally suited to growing outside
in the UK, especially in the winter.(这些品种中的许多都不适合在英国户外生
长，尤其是在冬天)”可知，有些植物不适合在户外寒冷的环境中生长，即
适合在温暖的地方生长。由此可知，D. Instead, they grow better inside, where
it is warmer(相反，它们在温暖的室内生长得更好)能够承接上文，符合语境。
故选 D。
【18 题详解】
根据下文“I find during the winter months, plants around the house can really lift
your mood.(我发现在冬天的几个月里，房子周围的植物真的能提升你的情
绪)”可知，室内植物对人有好处。由此可知，C. There are many benefits to
growing plants indoors(在室内种植植物有很多好处)能够衔接下文，符合语
境。故选 C。
【19 题详解】
根据上文“There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around
them by removing harmful gases, such as carbon dioxide. They also remove some
harmful chemicals from paints or cooking.(也有研究表明，盆栽植物可以通过
去除二氧化碳等有害气体来净化周围的空气。它们还能去除油漆或烹饪中的
一些有害化学物质)”可知，盆栽植物能够清除有害物质。由此可知，E. Plants
like peace lilies and devil’s tongue are among the best(像和平百合和魔芋之类
的植物是最好的)能够承接上文，列举了在这方面做的最好的植物，符合语
境。故选 E。
【20 题详解】
根据上文“Younger plants are often cheaper than fully grown ones, and you get
to care for them as they mature-which is part of the joy of owning plants.(年轻
的植物通常比成熟的植物便宜，而且你可以在它们成熟时照顾它们——这是
拥有植物的乐趣之一 )”可知，不同的植物需求是不同的。由此可知，G.
Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding(了解每种
植物的需求是非常有益的)能够承接上文，同时引起下文，下文“It can bring
a new interest and focus into people’s lives and help to make the link between
home and nature.”(它可以为人们的生活带来新的兴趣和焦点，并有助于建立
家庭与自然之间的联系。)”具体介绍了了解每种植物的需求的好处。故选
G。
Passage 4
【2023 年全国甲卷】Tricks To Becoming A Patient Person
Here’s a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to
start all have in common There is one answer. ___16___.
In the Digital Age, we’re used to having what we need immediately and right at
our fingertips. However, research suggests that if we practiced patience, we’d be
a whole lot better off. Here are several tricks.
●Practice gratitude (感激)
Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less
stressed and even more optimistic. ___17___. “Showing thankfulness can foster
self-control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California.
● Make yourself wait
Instant gratification (满足) may seem like the most “feel good” option at the time,
but psychology research suggests waiting for things actually makes us happier in
the long run. And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to
practice. ___18___. Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or
wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake. You’ll soon find that the more
patience you practice, the more you start to apply it to other, more annoying
situations.
● ___19___.
So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will
tolerate, and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get
impatient about the circumstances. You should learn to say to yourself,
“___20___.” You’ll then gradually become more patient.
A. Find your causes
B. Start with small tasks
C. Accept the uncomfortable
D. All this adds up to a state of hurry
E. It can also help us practice more patience
F. This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable
G. They’re all situations where we could use a little extra patience
【答案】16. G 17. E 18. B 19. C 20. F
【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了变得耐心的一些方法。
【16 题详解】
根据上文“Here’s a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a
vacation to start all have in common There’s one answer. (这里有一个谜语：
交通堵塞、排长队和等待假期开始有什么共同之处？答案只有一个 )”可知，
本句说明上文谜语的答案，结合“交通堵塞、排长队和等待假期”这些情况
可知都需要耐心。故 G 选项“在这些情况下，我们都需要一点额外的耐心”
符合语境，故选 G。
【17 题详解】
根据上文“Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us
happier, less stressed and even more optimistic.(感恩有很多好处：研究表明，
感恩让我们更快乐，压力更小，甚至更乐观 )”以及后文“ “Showing
thankfulness can foster self-control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of
California. (加州大学的研究员叶丽说：“表达感激可以培养自我控制能力。”)”
可知，上文提到了感恩的诸多好处，可知本句继续说明感恩的好处：它还可
以帮助我们练习更多的耐心。E 选项中 It 指代上文 Thankfulness。故 E 选项
“它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心”符合语境，故选 E。
【18 题详解】
根据上文“And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice.
(我们养成等待习惯的唯一方法就是练习)”以及后文“Put off watching your
favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that
cake. (把你最喜欢的节目推迟到周末再看，或者多等 10 分钟再去吃蛋糕)”
可知，后文列举的事情都是日常的小事，说明要从小事开始练习等待，故 B
选项“从小任务开始”符合语境，故选 B。
【19 题详解】
根据本段内容“So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only
state we will tolerate, and when we experience something outside of our comfort
zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. (我们中的许多人都认为舒适
是我们唯一能容忍的状态，当我们经历舒适区之外的事情时，我们会对环境
失去耐心)”可知，本段提到了舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状态，结合前文的
小标题都是祈使句可知，本段的主旨与接受不舒适相关， C 选项中
uncomfortable 对应后文 comfortable。故 C 选项“接受不舒服”符合语境，
故选 C。
【20 题详解】
根据上文“You should learn to say to yourself (你应该学会对自己说……)”
以及后文“You’ll then gradually become more patient. (然后你会逐渐变得更
有耐心)”结合本段主要说明的是不舒服的状态，可知，本句为对自己所说
的话与接受不舒服相关，故 F 选项“这仅仅是不舒服，而不是无法忍受”
符合语境，故选 F。
Passage 5
【2023 年北京卷】It’s a joyful and stressful time of year in the United States for
students and their families as they make decisions about where to attend college.
Families often turn to rankings systems to help make a decision. ____35____
When I talk to families as a scholar of higher education, they’re often surprised
that teaching excellence is not counted in rankings. ____36____
Emerging research suggests that courses in lower-ranked universities, on average,
scored higher on teaching than courses in higher-ranked
universities. ____37____ The absence of teaching excellence from the rankings
is surprising given the link between high-quality teaching and student success.
Quality teaching is one of the most important predictors of a wide range of
college outcomes.
Rankings, however, are only one reason why a low value is placed on teaching in
higher education. Administrators often don’t view teaching excellence as a way
to increase enrolment (注册) or funding. ____38____ Research shows that the
more time instructors spend on teaching, the lower their salary. What is the
result？ Many instructors continue to teach using traditional lectures, which lead
to lower success rates.
____39____ Nevertheless, not much will change until schools with high-quality
teaching are rewarded with more resources, higher rankings and increased
enrolments. In the long term, universities, organisations that rank schools, and
others should work to make teaching a valued, core part of the mission.
What should students and their families do They should give strong
consideration to universities where high-quality teaching is valued, even though
the schools may be ranked lower.
A. Higher education has achieved its true potential.
B. Therefore, it’s not highly valued in hiring or promotion.
C. Quality teaching has been an important reputation-building factor.
D. However, the rankings ignore a critical factor: the quality of teaching.
E. Efforts to improve teaching at the university level have recently emerged.
F. They’re even more surprised at how teaching is undervalued by universities.
G. In fact, universities often shift emphasis from teaching to other ranking
factors.
【答案】35. D 36. F 37. G 38. B 39. C
【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何选择高校提供了一些
建议。
【35 题详解】
根据空前内容“It’s a joyful and stressful time of year in the United States for
students and their families as they make decisions about where to attend college.
Families often turn to rankings systems to help make a decision.(对于美国的学
生和他们的家人来说，这是一年中既快乐又紧张的时刻，因为他们要决定去
哪里上大学。家庭经常求助于排名系统来帮助做决定。)”可知，美国的学
生和家人们在决定去哪儿上大学时，经常求助于排名系统。而根据下文第三
段“Emerging research suggests that courses in lower-ranked universities, on
average, scored higher on teaching than courses in higher-ranked universities.
(最新的研究表明，排名较低的大学的课程在教学方面的平均得分高于排名
较高的大学的课程。)”可推断出，本文主要讲述的是排名方面出现的问题。
选 项 D “ However, the rankings ignore a critical factor: the quality of
teaching.(然而，排名忽略了一个关键因素：教学质量。 )”延续上文内容，
指出大学排名存在的问题；而根据下文内容也可以推断，排名中存在的问题
是教学质量被忽略。故选 D。
【36 题详解】
根据空前内容“When I talk to families as a scholar of higher education, they’re
often surprised that teaching excellence is not counted in rankings.(作为一名研
究高等教育的学者，当我与一些家庭交谈时，他们常常惊讶地发现，优秀的
教学水平并没有被纳入排名。)”可知，大学排名中优秀的教学水平并没有
被纳入排名让人们觉得很惊讶。选项 F“They’re even more surprised at how
teaching is undervalued by universities.(更让他们惊讶的是，大学竟然低估了
教学的价值。)”延续上文内容，指的都是大学排名忽略教学质量。其中“more
surprised”和上文的“surprised”保持一致。故选 F。
【37 题详解】
空前内容“Emerging research suggests that courses in lower-ranked universities,
on average, scored higher on teaching than courses in h igher-ranked
universities.(最新的研究表明，排名较低的大学的课程在教学方面的平均得
分高于排名较高的大学的课程。)”以及空后内容“The absence of teaching
excellence from the rankings is surprising given the link between high -quality
teaching and student success. Quality teaching is one of the most important
predictors of a wide range of college outcomes.(考虑到高质量教学与学生成功
之间的联系，排名中没有优秀教学令人惊讶。优质教学是衡量大学成绩的最
重要因素之一。)”讲述的都是大学排名中没有考虑到教学。选项 G“In fact,
universities often shift emphasis from teaching to other ranking factors.(事实上，
大学经常把重点从教学转移到其他排名因素上。)”与上下文内容相一致，
故选 G。
【38 题详解】
根据空前内容“Rankings, however, are only one reason why a low value is
placed on teaching in higher education. Administrators often don’t view teaching
excellence as a way to increase enrolment (注册) or funding.(然而，排名只是
高等教育中对教学重视程度较低的一个原因。管理者通常不会将卓越的教学
视为增加入学率或资金的一种方式。)”可知，上文分析了教学不被纳入排
名的原因，该空应该讲其后果。选项 B“Therefore, it’s not highly valued in
hiring or promotion.(因此，它在招聘或晋升中不受重视。)”是上文内容的延
续，正因为管理人员通常不把卓越的教学视为增加入学率或增加资金的一种
方式，所以教学在招聘和晋升中不受重视。故选 B。
【39 题详解】
根 据 下 文 内 容 “ Nevertheless, not much will change until schools with
high-quality teaching are rewarded with more resources, higher rankings and
increased enrolments. In the long term, universities, organisations that rank
schools, and others should work to make teaching a valued, core part of the
mission.(尽管如此，在拥有高质量教学的学校获得更多资源、更高排名和增
加入学人数之前，不会有太大变化。从长远来看，大学、学校排名组织和其
他机构应该努力使教学成为使命的一个有价值的核心部分。)”可知，作者
认为想要强调教学质量还需要更多努力。根据“Nevertheless”可知，空处
内容和下文内容存在转折关系。选项 C“Quality teaching has been an important
reputation-building factor.(高质量的教学一直是建立声誉的重要因素。 )”强
调了高质量教学的重要性，而下文则话题一转，指出了高质量教学的难处。
故选 C。
2022 年阅读理解七选五(说明文)
Passage1
【2022 年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five
Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner.” One reason was: “You’ll actually
show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym, ” while another read:
“___16___” With a workout partner, you will increase your training effort as
there is a subtle (微妙) competition.
So, how do you find a workout partner
First of all, decide what you want from that person. ___17___Or do you just want
to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility Think about the
exercises you would like to do with your workout partner.
You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but it
probably won’t result in a useful response. ___18___If you plan on working out in
a gym, that person must belong to the same gym.
My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice
included what kind of training she wanted to do, how many days a week and how
many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and her age. It also listed her
favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number. ___19___
You and your partner will probably have different skills. ___20___ Over time,
both of you will benefit — your partner will be able to lift more weights and you
will become more physically fit. The core (核心) of your relationship is that you
will always be there to help each other.
A. Your first meeting may be a little awkward.
B. A workout partner usually needs to live close by.
C. You’ll work harder if you train with someone else.
D. Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport
E. How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice
F. Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other.
G. Any notice for a training partner should include such information.
【答案】16. C 17. D 18. B 19. G 20. F
【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何找到一个一起锻
炼的伙伴。
【16 题详解】
根据前文“Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank
Your Workout Partne.” One reason was: “You’ll actually show up if you know
someone is waiting for you at the gym,”(《健身杂志》最近刊登了一篇题为《感
谢健身伙伴的五个理由》的文章。一个理由是：“如果你知道有人在健身房
等你，你就会去锻炼。”)”可知，这里陈述另一个和别人一起锻炼的理由。
所以选择项 C“You'll work harder if you train with someone else.(如果你和别
人一起训练，你会更努力。)”符合上下文语境。故选 C。
【17 题详解】
根据前文“First of all, decide what you want from that person. (首先，决定你
想从那个人身上得到什么。)”和后文“Or do you just want to be physically fit,
able to move with strength and flexibility (或者你只是想要身体健康，能够移
动的力量和灵活性 )”可知，这里是一个问句，反问自己结伴锻炼的目的。
所以选择项 D“Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport (你想
在你最喜欢的运动项目上成为更好的运动员吗 )”符合上下文语境。故选 D。
【18 题详解】
根据前文“You might think about posting what you are looking for on social
media, but probably won't result in a useful response. (你可能会考虑在社交媒
体上发布你想要的东西，但可能不会得到有用的回应。)”和后文“If you plan
on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym.(如果你打算
在健身房锻炼，那个人一定是同一个健身房的。)”可知，寻找的锻炼伙伴
要具有便利性的特点。所以选择项 B“A workout partner usually needs to live
close by. (锻炼伙伴通常需要住在附近。)”符合上下文语境。故选 B。
【19 题详解】
根据前文“My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her
notice included what kind of training she wanted to do, how many days a week
and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and her age. It also
listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number. (我的搭
档把她的要求贴在了当地公园的布告栏上。她的注意事项包括她想要做什么
样的锻炼，每周多少天，每次培训要花多少小时，以及她的年龄。它还列出
了她最喜欢的运动和活动，并提供了她的电话号码。)”可知，本段作者以
自己的锻炼伙伴为例，说明寻找锻炼伙伴布告所要包括的信息。所以选择项
G“Any notice for a training partner should include such information. (任何锻
炼伙伴的布告都应包括这些信息。)”符合上下文语境。故选 G。
【20 题详解】
根据前文“You and your partner will probably have different skills. (你和你的
伴侣可能有不同的技能。)”和后文“Over time, both of you will benefit -- your
partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically
fit.(久而久之，你们双方都会受益——你的伴侣会举起更多的重量，你也会
变得更健康。)”可知，要学会求同存异，一起合作，共同提高。所以选择
项 F“Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other. (接受你们
的不同，学会彼此合作。)”符合上下文语境。故选 F。
Passage2
【2022 年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】Writing an essay is a difficult process for most
people. However, the process can be made easier if you learn to practice three
simple techniques.
___16___ When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay, put your pen to
your paper and write nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen
leave the paper. Stay loose and free. ___17___ Don’t worry about grammar or
spelling. Even though this technique won’t work for everyone, it helps many
people get a good store of ideas to draw on.
The next technique is to write your draft rapidly without worrying about being
perfect. ___18___ Yet, by learning to live with imperfection, you will save
yourself headaches and a wastepaper basket full of crumpled (弄皱) paper. Think
of your first draft as a path cut out of the jungle—as part of an exploration, not as
a complete highway.
The third technique is to try printing out a triple—spaced (三倍行距) copy to
allow space for revision. ___19___ As a result, these writers never get in the
habit of crossing out chunks (大块) of their draft and writing revisions in the
blank space. After you have revised your draft until i t is too messy to work from
anymore, you can enter your changes into your word processor. ___20___ The
resulting blank space invites you to revise.
A. Make sure your handwriting is neat.
B. Let your pen follow the waves of thought.
C. The second draft of the essay should be better.
D. First of all, learn the technique of nonstop writing.
E. Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time.
F. Many beginning writers don’t leave enough space to revise.
G. Then you can print out a fresh draft, again setting your text on triple-space.
【答案】16 D 17. B 18. E 19. F 20. G
【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是写文章的技巧。
【16 题详解】
空格处是本段的主题句，由空后的“When you are first trying to think of ideas
for an essay, put your pen to your paper and write nonstop for ten or fifteen
minutes without letting your pen leave the paper. (当你第一次想写一篇文章的
时候，把笔放在纸上，不间断地写 10 到 15 分钟，不要让笔离开纸。)”可知，
本段主要讲的是要学会不间断地写，D 选项“First of all, learn the technique of
nonstop writing. (首先，学习不间断写作的技巧。)”概括了本段的主要内容，
可作为主题句，故选 D。
【17 题详解】
空前说“Stay loose and free. (保持宽松和自由。)”，空后说“Don’t worry about
grammar or spelling. (不要担心语法和拼写。)”，因此空格处应说按心里想的
写，自由发挥，B 选项“Let your pen follow the waves of thought. (让你的笔跟
随思想的波浪。)”说明了按自己的思路和想法来写，因此承上启下，符合语
境，故选 B。
【18 题详解】
空前说“The next technique is to write your draft rapidly without worrying about
being perfect. (下一个技巧是快速写草稿，不要担心是否完美。)”，空后说“Yet,
by learning to live with imperfection, you will save yourself headaches and a
wastepaper basket full of crumpled (弄皱) paper. (然而，通过学习与不完美共
存，你将避免自己的头痛和一个装满皱巴巴的废纸篓。)”，E 选项“Too many
writers try to get their drafts right the first time. (太多的作家试图在第一次就
把草稿写好。)”中的“get their drafts”和上文的“write your draft”相呼应，说明
了有很多人想一次就写好，这是不合理的，要学会允许不完美的存在，因此
E 选项承上启下，符合语境，故选 E。
【19 题详解】
空前说“The third technique is to try printing out a triple—spaced (三倍行距)
copy to allow space for revision. (第三种方法是打印出三倍行距的副本，以便
有修改的空间。)”，F 选项“Many beginning writers don’t leave enough space to
revise. (许多初来乍到的作者没有留出足够的修改空间。 )”中的“revise”和前
面的“revision”一致，指出了新手作者的常见做法，且其中的“Many beginning
writers”和后文的“these writers”相互呼应，因此 F 选项承上启下，符合语境，
故选 F。
【20 题详解】
空前说“After you have revised your draft until it is too messy to work from
anymore, you can enter your changes into your word processor. (当你修改你的
草稿，直到它太乱以至于无法继续工作，你可以把你的修改输入到你的文字
处理器中。)”，空后说“The resulting blank space invites you to revise. (由此
产生的空白允许您修改。)”，因此空格处应说输入到文字处理器后应该做什
么，G 选项“Then you can print out a fresh draft, again setting your text on
triple-space. (然后你可以打印一份新的草稿，同样将文本设置为三倍行距。)”
说的是输入到你的文字处理器后的做法，其中的“triple-space”和后文的“The
resulting blank space”相呼应，因此 G 选项承上启下，符合语境，故选 G。
Passage3
【2022 年全国乙卷】Friendship needs care and attention to keep it in good
health. Here are five ways to sustain (保持) long-distance friendships.
·Set a regular date
Long-lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides equally contact
(联系) and share with one another. With busy schedules, squeezing in phone
calls can be a challenge. ___16___.
·More isn’t always merrier
Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each
of you wants to be contacted and what method works best for you both. ___17___.
There are alternatives to constant written communication, such as leaving voice
messages or having a group chat.
·Practise empathy (共情)
___18___. The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the additional
time demands placed on the friend who has moved. The one in the new
environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel
abandoned.
·___19___
Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships.
Although technology might make day-to-day communication possible, extra
effort goes a long way on special days. Simply keeping a diary that keeps track of
friends’ birthdays and other important dates will make sure nothing slips by you.
·Don’t rely on technology alone
___20___, but long-distance friendships — even close ones — may require more
conscious effort to sustain. Try to seek out chances to renew friendships. How to
do it Just spend face-to-face time together whenever possible.
A. Remember important dates
B. Compensate by writing letters
C. It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper
D. Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it
E. Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication
F. It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media
G. You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind
【答案】16 D 17. B 18. G 19. A 20. F
【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了五种维系异地友谊的方法。
【16 题详解】
上文“With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge.”（平
日繁忙，很难抽出时间打电话。）讲的是双方都很忙碌，很难有时间给对方
打电话，D 项“尽量找个双方都有空的时间去打电话，并坚持下去”给出了
解决没时间打电话这个问题的方法，符合题意。故选 D 项。
【17 题详解】
上文“Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently
each of you wants to be contacted and what method works best for you both.”
（确保你已经与你的朋友沟通过，了解你们彼此希望联系的次数，以及哪种
沟通方式最适合你们两人。）提到异地朋友之间要商量沟通方式，B 项“可
以通过写信补偿”提出了其中一种沟通方式：写信，下文“ There are
alternatives to constant written communication, such as leaving voice messages
or having a group chat.”（除了不断的文字交流，还有其他方式，比如发语
音或者组建群聊。）补充了发语音等其他沟通方式，其中“constant written
communication”呼应了 B 项的“writing letters”。故选 B 项。
【18 题详解】
下文“The friend who is remaining”（留下来的朋友）和“The one in the new
environment”（在新环境中的那个）提到朋友的两个不同处境，G 项“你可
能是朋友中离开的那一方，也可能是被留下的那一方”指出了异地友谊中分
为离开的一方和留下的一方，其中“ the friend who left”和“the one who was
left behind”分别对应下文“The one in the new environment”和“The friend
who is remaining”，所以 G 项符合题意。故选 G 项。
【19 题详解】
分析文章结构可知，设空处的内容是维系异地友谊的第四个方法，是第五段
的小标题。下文“Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in
long-distance friendships.”（周年纪念日和生日对于异地友谊而言是非常重
要的。）讲的是诸如周年纪念日和生日等重要的日子对于维系异地友谊是非
常重要的，由此推知，这段对应的维系异地友谊的方法是 A 项“记得重要
的日子”，所以 A 项符合题意。故选 A 项。
【20 题详解】
设空处所在句子的后半句“but long-distance friendships — even close ones —
may require more conscious effort to sustain.”（但是异地友谊——甚至是关
系亲密的友谊——可能需要更加自觉地去维系。）讲的是我们要更加自觉地
维系异地友谊，其中“but”说明后半句与设空处形成转折，而 F 项“朋友
之间很容易通过社交媒体产生一种联结感”讲的是可以通过社交媒体这种方
式很容易与朋友产生联结，与后半句“require more conscious effort to sustain”
形成转折，而且其中的“social media”呼应了该段的小标题“Don’t rely on
technology alone”（不要仅仅依赖技术）中的“technology”。故选 F 项。
Passage4
【2022 年全国甲卷】Important Things to Know When Dining Out
Cultural dining etiquette (礼节) might surprise you with some of its important
rules. ___16___. Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable
meal with friends or family — no matter where you are in the world.
Chopstick Rules
The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions.
When you put them down between bites, always put them down together so they
are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you. ___17___ .
Hands or Utensils (餐具)
In India and the Middle East, it’s considered very rude to eat with your left hand.
People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand. ___18___, instead
preferring to use their hands. In Chile, you may never touch any food with your
fingers. People in Thailand generally use their forks only to push food onto their
spoons.
Making Requests
___19___ . In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the
chef that you don’t like their seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for
extra cheese to add to your food.
Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem random and strange, but
they are important in various countries. ___20___ , the more comfortable you’ll
begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices.
A. The more friends you make in your lifetime
B. The more time you spend in any given country
C. Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils
D. Don’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
E. It’s a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate
F. Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them
G. It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal
【答案】16. D 17. F 18. C 19. G 20. B
【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些外出就餐时要知
道的一些重要事情。
【16 题详解】
根据文章标题“Important Things to Know When Dining Out (外出就餐时要
知道的重要事情)”可知，本文主要介绍的是外出就餐时应该知道的重要事
情。由此可知，D 项“Don’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a
restaurant (不要在餐馆犯尴尬的错误)”符合语境，其中“at a restaurant”
对应标题中的“When Dining Out”，同时引起下文“Knowing some tips will
help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family — no matter
where you are in the world. (知道一些技巧将有助于确保你和朋友或家人一
起享受一顿愉快的晚餐——无论你在世界的哪个地方)”。故选 D。
【17 题详解】
根据本段小标题“Chopstick Rules”可知，本段主要讲述的是使用筷子的
规则。根据上文“When you put them down between bites, always put them down
together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you. (当你在吃
的间隙把它们放下来的时候，一定要把它们放在一起，这样它们就和你面前
的桌子边缘平行了)”可知，此处讲述了正确使用筷子的方式。由此可知，F
项“Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them (不要
把它们笔直地插在你的食物中，也不要在使用它们时交叉放置)”讲述的也
是使用筷子时的注意事项，符合此处语境，其中“ them”指的是上文的
“chopsticks”。故选 F。
【18 题详解】
根据本段小标题“Hands or Utensils (餐具)”可知，本段主要讲述的是手和
餐具的问题。根据上文“In India and the Middle East, it’s considered very rude
to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in
each hand. (在印度和中东，用左手吃饭被认为是非常不礼貌的。法国人希望
你每只手拿一个餐具吃饭)”及下文“ instead preferring to use their hands (相
反更愿意使用他们的双手)”可知，此处在讲述不同国家就餐时习惯使用哪
只手的问题。由此可知，C 项“Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with
utensils (墨西哥人认为用餐具吃饭是不合适的 )”符合语境，与下文形成转
折关系。故选 C。
【19 题详解】
根据本段小标题“Making Requests”可知，本段主要讲述的是用餐时提请
求的问题。根据下文“In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it
shows the chef that you don’t like their seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never
ask for extra cheese to add to your food. (在葡萄牙，这将是一个严重的错误，
因为这向厨师表明你不喜欢他们的调味技巧。同样，在意大利，永远不要要
求在食物中添加额外的奶酪)”可推知，在一些国家，用餐时提出要求是很
无礼的。由此可知，G 项“It may seem like simple request to ask for salt and
pepper at a meal (吃饭时要盐和胡椒看似很简单 )”符合此处语境，其中
“request”是关键词，说明，在用餐时提出一些我们看来很平常的要求在某
些国家是无礼的。故选 G。
【20 题详解】
根据下文“the more comfortable you’ll begin to feel with its foreign cultural
practices. (你就会对它的外国文化习俗感到越舒服)”可推知，此处指在一个
国家待得越久，就会越习惯当地习俗，且此处是“ the+比较级，the+比较级”
结构，B 项“The more time you spend in any given country (你在某个国家待
的时间越长)”符合文意，引出下文。故选 B。
Passage5
【2022 年北京卷】Health and fitness help a person live a good and healthy life.
Often due to various pressures, we tend to ignore our health. ____35____ It is the
fitness level of our body that helps us fight these diseases.
____36____ We need to be fit to have a healthy body. Similarly, if we are healthy
we shall naturally be attracted towards maintaining the fitness of our body.
Health is the state of our body at a given time. We may not have any disease but
still have a weak body, which is ready to be targeted by
viruses. ____37____ This does not definitely mean that we are not healthy. It
means the fitness level is not in accordance with our age and the climatic
conditions we live in.
It is important for everyone to devote some time to health and
fitness. ____38____ For instance, we must exercise daily regardless of our age
and working style. There are different levels of exercises for different age groups
and we must do them according to our own health and age.
Additionally, it is important to relax our body. We should have at least six to
eight hours of sleep every day. It helps in improving our immune (免疫) system
and protects us against diseases. ____39____ This, in turn, gives us new goals of
health and fitness.
A. Fitness levels decide the quality of life.
B. Health and fitness are interrelated to each other.
C. It also helps in keeping us calm and relaxes our mind.
D. For instance, we may have a tendency to catch a cold easily.
E. If we keep our body fit, we can enjoy life in a better manner.
F. There are some activities which everyone should do in our life.
G. This makes our body suffer and we will catch other diseases.
【答案】35. G 36. B 37. D 38. F 39. C
【解题导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是健康和健身之间密不可分的
关系以及我们应该通过哪些健身的方式来让自己有一个健康的身体。
35.【解析】
根据空前“Health and fitness help a person live a good and healthy life. Often
due to various pressures, we tend to ignore our health.(健康和健身帮助一个人
过上良好和健康的生活。由于各种各样的压力，我们往往会忽视自己的健
康。)”可知因为各种压力，我们的健康容易被忽视，根据空后“It is the fitness
level of our body that helps us fight these diseases.(正是我们身体的健康水平
帮助我们对抗这些疾病。)”可知身体的健康可以让我们应对各种疾病，空
处承上启下，所以空处应该讲忽视健康对我们的身体及生活的影响。G 项
“This makes our body suffer and we will catch other diseases.(这使我们的身
体遭受痛苦，而且我们会感染其他疾病。 )”承接上文，引出下文，而且 G
项中的 other diseases 与空后的 these diseases 相互照应，符合上下文语境。
故选 G 项。
36.【解析】
根据空后“We need to be fit to have a healthy body. Similarly, if we are healthy
we shall naturally be attracted towards maintaining the fitness of our body.(为了
拥有一个健康的身体我们需要健康。同样，如果我们是健康的，我们自然会
被保持健康的身体所吸引。)”可知健康的身体与健身是密不可分的，空处
位于句首，应是本段的主旨句，B 项“Health and fitness are interrelated to each
other.(健康和健身是相互关联的。 )”概括全段的主要内容，符合上下文语
境。故选 B 项。
37.【解析】
根据空前“Health is the state of our body at a given time. We may not have any
disease but still have a weak body, which is ready to be targeted by viruses.(健
康是在特定时间内我们身体的状态。我们可能没有任何疾病，但身体仍然虚
弱，随时会被病毒攻击。)”可知我们的身体虽然没有生病，但也很虚弱，
随时会生病，根据空后“ This does not definitely mean that we are not
healthy.(这并不一定意味着我们不健康。)”可知生病并不一定表明我们是不
健康的。空处承上启下，所以空处应该举例说明我们的身体在虚弱的情况下
会生病这样一种状况，D 项“For instance, we may have a tendency to catch a
cold easily.(例如，我们可能很容易感冒。)”举例说明我们的身体会在虚弱
的情况下生病，承接上文，引出下文，而且空后的 This 指代 D 项的 we may
have a tendency to catch a cold easily 这种情况，符合上下文语境。故选 D 项。
38.【解析】
根据空前“ It is important for everyone to devote some time to health and
fitness.(对每个人来说，花些时间在健康和健身方面是很重要的。)”可知我
们应该花时间去健身，根据空后“ For instance, we must exercise daily
regardless of our age and working style.(例如，我们必须每天锻炼，不管我们
的年龄和工作方式。)”可知我们应该每天坚持锻炼，空处承上启下，所以
空处应该讲的是我们应该通过哪些活动来进行锻炼，F 项“There are some
activities which everyone should do in our life.(在我们的生活中有一些活动是
每个人都应该做的。)”承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语境。故选 F 项。
39.【解析】
根据空前“We should have at least six to eight hours of sleep every day. It helps
in improving our immune (免疫) system and protects us against diseases.(我们
每天至少应该有 6 到 8 个小时的睡眠。它有助于改善我们的免疫系统，保护
我们抵抗疾病。)”可知我们应该保障充足的睡眠，根据空后“This, in turn,
gives us new goals of health and fitness.(这反过来又给了我们健康和健身的新
目标。)”可知充足的睡眠会对我们的健康和健身目标很有好处，空处承上
启下，所以空处应该继续讲充足的睡眠的好处，C 项“It also helps in keeping
us calm and relaxes our mind.(它也帮助我们保持冷静和放松我们的大脑。)”
进一步讲了充足的睡眠对于我们的好处，承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文
语境。故选 C 项。
Passage6
【2022 年浙江卷 6 月】I have a drawer full of letters to Santa. Each year my
children would write up their Christmas wish lists. They were polite requests for
the latest game or toy. As the children got older, they would give Santa some
hints(提示)on where to buy their presents. ____11____
Those letters taught my children a valuable lesson about writing: It has a purpose.
Sometimes our purpose is to achieve something;other times it may be to entertain,
inform, or persuade. ____12____ And when writing doesn’t seem to have any
purpose or get any kind of meaningful response, then it can be hard to get excited
about doing it.
Christmas is a great time of year for children to communicate with others through
writing. When children write for real audiences and real purposes, they can learn
to choose their words accordingly. ____13____ You write “Dear Santa” because
you don’t know him personally and you want to show him respect.
____14____ Texting, online messaging, live chats while playing video games all
mean that they are constantly producing written messages. However, because
they are usually writing to family and friends, they use informal language most of
the time.
There is nothing wrong with this kind of writing. It suits the audience and the
purpose and gets the job done. ____15____ This type of writing won’t be
rewarded by the school examiner, nor by a future employer or a potenti al client.
The very best communicators are those who know how to adjust their language to
match their audience.
A. It isn’t that these young people can’t write.
B. But it is always purposeful-or at least it should be.
C. The age of pen-and-paper letter writing may have passed.
D. As a result, each year they received something they wanted.
E. You write “Hi Nanna and Pop” because you are close to them.
F. As technology develops, young people are writing more than they ever have.
G. But if this is the only kind of writing young people do, it will cause problems.
【解题导语】本文是一篇议论文。作者通过讲述孩子们通过给圣诞老人写信
暗示得到自己心仪的礼物，从而论证观点：人们写作都是带有某种目的的。
11.D 根据空前“As the children got older, they would give Santa some hints(提
示)on where to buy their presents. (随着孩子们逐渐长大，他们会给圣诞老人
一些提示，告诉他去哪里买礼物。)”可知，孩子们给圣诞老人提示去哪买
礼物。结合选项可知，D 项“As a result, each year they received something they
wanted. (结果，他们每年都会收到他们想要的东西。 )”为孩子们提示的结
果：收到心仪的礼物。前后为明显的因果关系。故选 D 项。
12.B 根据空前“Sometimes our purpose is to achieve something;other times t
may be to entertain, inform, or persuade. (有时我们的目的是为了获得东西，
有时可能是为了娱乐、告知或说服。)”可知，我们写作都是带着目的的。
结合选项 B“But it is always purposeful-or at least it should be. (但它总是有
目的的——或者至少应该是这样。)”可知，前后语意一致，说明写作是带
有目的的。故选 B 项。
13.E 根据空前“When children write for real audiences and real purposes, they
can learn to choose their words accordingly. (当孩子们为真正的读者和真正的
目的写作时，他们就能学会相应地选择用词。)”以及空后“You write “Dear
Santa” because you don’t know him personally and you want to show him respect.
(你写“亲爱的圣诞老人”是因为你不认识他，你想表达对他的尊重。)”可
知，空后句和空前句之间是“理论——实践”的关系，由此可推知，空处也
应为具体的实践。结合选项 E“You write “Hi Nanna and Pop” because you are
close to them. (你写“嗨，奶奶和爸爸”，因为你和他们很亲近。 )”可知，
符合这一逻辑。而且和空后结构一致。故选 E 项。
14.F 根据空后“Texting, online messaging, live chats while playing video games
all mean that they are constantly producing written messages. (在玩电子游戏时
发短信、在线消息、实时聊天都意味着他们在不断地产生书面信息。 )”可
知，科技的发展让人们的写作变得更普遍。结合选项 F“As technology
develops, young people are writing more than they ever have. (随着科技的发展，
年轻人写的东西比以前更多了。)”可知，前后语意一致，符合语境。故选
F 项。
15.G 根据空前“There is nothing wrong with this kind of writing. It suits the
audience and the purpose and gets the job done. (这种写作方式并没有错。它
迎合了观众和目的，完成了任务。)”可知，作者在评价这种科技影响下的
写作方式。结合选项 G“But if this is the only kind of writing young people do,
it will cause problems. (但如果这是年轻人唯一的写作方式，那就会造成问
题。)”可知，前后语意一致，从正反两方面评价科技带来的写作。故选 G
项。
Passage7
【2022 年浙江卷 1 月】I have the same24 hours in a day as you do, but 1 have
made specific choice that allow me to make the most of every day and still feel
happy and relaxed. 11
Pick the most important.
12 Focus on spending time that for you is fun and productive. 1 chose the life of
an adviser because I like to work with companies, but don't want the life of a big
company CEO. My choices are based on the lifestyle 1 want.
Combine your activities.
Many people go crazy trying to figure out how to spend time with friends, family,
work, play, etc. 13
Find ways to enjoy them in a combined manner. Build your social life around
people your work environment. Find people in your company who share common
interests and develop your career （职业）around the people and activities you
love.
14
You would think learning takes more time from you, but actually there are always
new ways of doing things that can save you time on daily tasks, freeing you up for
the most important. Always be looking for a new way to gain back an hour here or
there.
Lighten up.
The world won't come to an end in most cases just because you left a few things
undone. Celebrate progress and keep refining （改进）toward a happy productive
existence. 15 Every completion is a small victory that adds up in a big way.
A.Speed up.
B.Be an active learner.
C.Stop trying to balance time between them all.
D.Make choices about what is meaningful in your life.
E.The things you do well usually give you greater joy.
F Perhaps these tips will help you make the most of your time.
G. This is why making lists is important in any productivity handbook.
【答案】11. F 12. D 13. C 14. B 15. G
【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。作者给出了既可以充分利用时间又可以快
乐放松的有效建议。
【11 题详解】
上文 “ I have the same 24 hours in a day as you do, but 1 have made specific
choice that allow me to make the most of every day and still feel happy and
relaxed.（我和你一样，每天都有 24 小时，但我做了具体的选择，让我充分
利用每一天，仍然感到快乐和放松）”说明作者做出选择，充分利用每一天，
但仍旧感到快乐和轻松，根据下文段落小标题可知，下文就如何充分利用每
一天给出了建议，因此空格处应是承上启下，F项中的“help you make the most
of your time 与上文“to make the most of every day ” 一致，“tips” 引出下文的
建议，因此 F 项“也许这些建议会帮助你充分利用你的时间”符合语境，承上
启下。故选 F。
【12 题详解】
根据段落标题“Pick the most important.”可知，本段建议挑选最重要的，下
文“Focus on spending time that for you is fun and productive.（把时间花在那
些对你来说有趣和富有成效的事情上）”说明要挑选一些有趣的和富有成效
的事情去做，D 项中的“ what is meaningful in your life”与标题中的"the most
important 一致，下文是对“Make choices”具体解释。因此推断 D 项“选择你
生活中有意义的东西”符合语境。故选 D。【13 题详解】
上文“Many people go crazy trying to figure out how to spend time with friends,
family, work, play, etc.（许多人疯狂地试图弄清楚如何在朋友，家庭，工作，
娱乐等方面度过时间）”说明许多人想要弄清楚在生活中如何分配好时间，
下文“Find ways to enjoy them in a combined manner.（找到一种结合的方式来
享受它们）”说明可以把事情组合在一起享受，因此推断空格处与上文是转
折关系，说明不要试图均衡时间，C 项“不要试图在它们之间平衡时间”符合
语境。故选 C。
【14 题详解】
空格处为段落小标题。根据下文“You would think learning takes more time
from you, but actually there are always new ways of doing things that can save
you time on daily tasks, freeing you up for the most important. Always be
looking for a new way to gain back an hour here or there. Always be looking for
a new way to gain back an hour here or there.（你可能会认为学习需要花费了
你更多的时间，但实际上总有一些新的方法可以为你节省出做日常事务的时
间，为你腾出时间去做最重要的事情。寻找在这里或者那里赢回一个小时的
新方法）”可推断，本段讲述学习虽然花费很多时间，但总是能有一些方法
为你节省时间做其他事情，因此要做有效的学习者。因此推断 B 项“做有效
的学习者”为段落标题，故选 B。
【15 题详解】
下文“Every completion is a small victory that adds up in a big way.（每一次的
完成都是一个小的胜利，累积起来就是一个大的胜利）”说明事情要一件一
件去做，G 项中的“making lists”与之呼应，因此推断 G 项“这就是为什么列
清单在任何生产手册中都很重要的原因”符合语境，this 指代上文“The world
won't come to an end in most cases just because you left a few things undone.
Celebrate progress and keep refining （改进） toward a happy productive
existence.（在大多数情况下，世界不会因为你没做完几件事而走向末日。
庆祝进步，不断改进走向一个快乐而富有成效的存在）”解释了列出清单一
件一件完成任务的原因。故选 G。
Passage8
【2022 年浙江卷 6 月】I have a drawer full of letters to Santa. Each year my
children would write up their Christmas wish lists. They were polite requests for
the latest game or toy. As the children got older, they would give Santa some
hints(提示)on where to buy their presents. ____11____
Those letters taught my children a valuable lesson about writing: It has a purpose.
Sometimes our purpose is to achieve something;other times it may be to entertain,
inform, or persuade. ____12____ And when writing doesn’t seem to have any
purpose or get any kind of meaningful response, then it can be hard to get excited
about doing it.
Christmas is a great time of year for children to communicate with others through
writing. When children write for real audiences and real purposes, they can learn
to choose their words accordingly. ____13____You write “Dear Santa” because
you don’t know him personally and you want to show him respect.
____14____ Texting, online messaging, live chats while playing video games all
mean that they are constantly producing written messages. However, because
they are usually writing to family and friends, they use informal language most of
the time.
There is nothing wrong with this kind of writing. It suits the audience and the
purpose and gets the job done. ____15____ This type of writing won’t be
rewarded by the school examiner, nor by a future employer or a potential client.
The very best communicators are those who know how to adjust their language to
match their audience.
A. It isn’t that these young people can’t write.
B. But it is always purposeful-or at least it should be.
C. The age of pen-and-paper letter writing may have passed.
D. As a result, each year they received something they wanted.
E. You write “Hi Nanna and Pop” because you are close to them.
F. As technology develops, young people are writing more than they ever have.
G. But if this is the only kind of writing young people do, it will cause problems.
【解题导语】本文是一篇议论文。作者通过讲述孩子们通过给圣诞老人写信
暗示得到自己心仪的礼物，从而论证观点：人们写作都是带有某种目的的。
11.D 根据空前“As the children got older, they would give Santa some hints(提
示)on where to buy their presents. (随着孩子们逐渐长大，他们会给圣诞老人
一些提示，告诉他去哪里买礼物。)”可知，孩子们给圣诞老人提示去哪买礼
物。结合选项可知，D 项“As a result, each year they received something they
wanted. (结果，他们每年都会收到他们想要的东西。)”为孩子们提示的结果：
收到心仪的礼物。前后为明显的因果关系。故选 D 项。
12.B 根据空前“Sometimes our purpose is to achieve something;other times t
may be to entertain, inform, or persuade. (有时我们的目的是为了获得东西，
有时可能是为了娱乐、告知或说服。)”可知，我们写作都是带着目的的。结
合选项 B“But it is always purposeful-or at least it should be. (但它总是有目的
的——或者至少应该是这样。)”可知，前后语意一致，说明写作是带有目的
的。故选 B 项。
13.E 根据空前“When children write for real audiences and real purposes, they
can learn to choose their words accordingly. (当孩子们为真正的读者和真正的
目的写作时，他们就能学会相应地选择用词。 )”以及空后“You write “Dear
Santa” because you don’t know him personally and you want to show him respect.
(你写“亲爱的圣诞老人”是因为你不认识他，你想表达对他的尊重。)”可知，
空后句和空前句之间是“理论——实践”的关系，由此可推知，空处也应为具
体的实践。结合选项 E“You write “Hi Nanna and Pop” because you are close to
them. (你写“嗨，奶奶和爸爸”，因为你和他们很亲近。)”可知，符合这一逻
辑。而且和空后结构一致。故选 E 项。
14.F 根据空后“Texting, online messaging, live chats while playing video games
all mean that they are constantly producing written messages. (在玩电子游戏时
发短信、在线消息、实时聊天都意味着他们在不断地产生书面信息。 )”可
知，科技的发展让人们的写作变得更普遍。结合选项 F“As technology
develops, young people are writing more than they ever have. (随着科技的发展，
年轻人写的东西比以前更多了。)”可知，前后语意一致，符合语境。故选 F
项。
15.G 根据空前“There is nothing wrong with this kind of writing. It suits the
audience and the purpose and gets the job done. (这种写作方式并没有错。它
迎合了观众和目的，完成了任务。)”可知，作者在评价这种科技影响下的写
作方式。结合选项 G“But if this is the only kind of writing young people do, it
will cause problems. (但如果这是年轻人唯一的写作方式，那就会造成问题。)”
可知，前后语意一致，从正反两方面评价科技带来的写作。故选 G 项。
2021 年阅读理解七选五(说明文)
Passage1
【2021 年新高考全国Ⅱ 卷】If the only reading you ever do is the novel or
magazine, the speed at which you read -probably does not matter very much. But
if you have to read a great deal for study, you will appreciate the benefits of being
able to read more quickly. ____16____
·Before you open the book, make sure that you are comfortable. You need a seat
which supports your back and the book should be at the right distance from your
eyes. ____17____
____18____ Look at the table of contents, the preface, the chapter
heading,etc.This will help you to decide whether you really need to read the
whole book or only certain parts of it. Ten minutes spent in this way could save
you quite a lot of time in the long run.
If you decide that you need to read the whole book, decide how much you can
read at a time. ____19____ A history book which may contain the facts in story
form will be easier to read than one dealing with scientific subjects. In the former
case you may be able to read a chapter. In the latter you may only be able to read
one page.
Always keep a pencil and paper beside you. ____20____Note also the facts
important for your purpose as well as anything which leads you to further
research. You don't have to write these things in detail. It is enough to put the
page number and one or two words as a reminder .
A. Stop to have a rest now and then.
B. Spend a few minutes looking through the book.
C. This depends on the type of book you are reading.
D. Here are some tips to help improve your reading speed.
E. Make a note of any page which is of special importance.
F. You may find yourself having to leam something by heart.
G. Keep the room cool rather than warm to avoid feeling sleepy.
【答案】16. D 17. G 18. B 19. C 20. E
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些帮助提高阅读速度
的建议。
【16 题详解】
根据上文“If the only reading you ever do is the novel or magazine, the speed at
which you read -probably does not matter very much. But if you have to read a
great deal for study, you will appreciate the benefits of being able to read more
quickly.（如果你唯一的阅读是小说或杂志，那么你阅读的速度可能并不重
要。但是，如果你必须大量阅读来学习，你就会感激能够更快地阅读的好处。）”
可知，接下来要介绍提高阅读速度的方法。D 项：Here are some tips to help
improve your reading speed.（这里有一些帮助提高阅读速度的建议。）符合
语境。故选 D。
【17 题详解】
根据本段主题句“Before you open the book, make sure that you are comfortable.
（在你打开书之前，确保你感到舒服。）”可知，本段主要说明要给自己创
造舒适的阅读环境。G 项：Keep the room cool rather than warm to avoid feeling
sleepy.（保持房间凉爽而不是温暖以避免困倦。）符合语境。故选 G。
【18 题详解】
空处为段落主题句。根据下文“Look at the table of contents, the preface, the
chapter heading,etc（查看目录、前言、章节标题等。）”可知，本段主要讲
述在阅读一本书之前要先浏览一下大致内容。B 项：Spend a few minutes
looking through the book.（花几分钟浏览一下这本书。）符合语境。故选 B。
【19 题详解】
根据上文“If you decide that you need to read the whole book, decide how much
you can read at a time.（如果你决定要读完整本书，决定一下你一次能读多
少。）”和下文“A history book which may contain the facts in story form will
be easier to read than one dealing with scientific subjects.（以故事形式包含事
实的历史书比科学题材的书更容易阅读。）”可知，看书时间的长短取决于
书的类型。C 项：This depends on the type of book you are reading.