中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
6年（2019-2024）中考英语真题加9套模拟试题分项汇编（重庆专用）
专题07 短文填空(解析版)
一、2024年
【2024年A卷】
“Do you get enough sleep ” The answer is probably no if you ask a tired student who is always taking a nap (小睡) on a classroom desk. “I couldn’t get to sleep and experienced a restless night again.” You may often hear such words from an adult. Not having enough ____74____ is a common problem around the world.
However, sleep is just like food and water to us. ____75____ of us can live if we don’t sleep at all. Sleep experts say that an adult requires 7 to 9 hours of sleep a night and a teenager needs 8.5 to 9.5 hours. Anything less could be h____76____ to our health.
According to a study, sleeping only five hours a night for a week is like having a blood-alcohol (酒精) level of 0.1 percent. That is above the safe driving limit (限制) in most countries. Most people probably wouldn’t take an exam or go to work if they get drunk. But ____77____ enough sleep, they still do these things. As a result, they ____78____ in the exams or perform badly at work. What’s worse, doctors and nurses often work long hours. When they are sleepy, they might hurt a patient or even ____79____ a patient’s death by accident.
____80____ sleep is so important, many people these days are not getting enough. In a survey, twenty percent say that daytime sleepiness influences their daily work. They feel it hard to pay full attention during the day. However, they don’t seem to care. Some even show off how energetic they can be the next day just with little sleep. It may be time to wake up and ____81____ the way we think. We should realize that not sleeping enough is a serious problem.
【答案】74. sleep
75. None 76. (h)armful
77. without
78. fail 79. cause
80. Though##Although
81. change
【解析】
【导语】本文介绍了充足睡眠的重要性。
【74题详解】
句意：睡眠不足是世界上一个普遍的问题。enough形容词，修饰名词，根据“Do you get enough sleep ”可知此处介绍睡眠不足的问题，sleep表示“睡眠”。故填sleep。
【75题详解】
句意：如果不睡觉，我们不能生存。根据“if we don’t sleep at all”可知不睡觉，大家都不能生存，none of表示“没有”，强调三者或三者以上都不，位于句首，首字母大写。故填None。
【76题详解】
句意：任何不足都可能对我们的健康有害。根据“Sleep experts say that an adult requires 7 to 9 hours of sleep a night and a teenager needs 8.5 to 9.5 hours.”可知此处介绍睡眠不足对健康有害，此空为形容词作表语，harmful表示“有害的”。故填(h)armful。
【77题详解】
句意：但是没有充足的睡眠，他们仍然做这些事。根据“Most people probably wouldn’t take an exam or go to work if they get drunk.”可知饮酒不能做的事，但是没有充足的睡眠仍然会去做。介词without表示“没有”。故填without。
【78题详解】
句意：结果他们考试失败或者在工作中表现不好。此空为谓语动词，根据“in the exams or perform badly at work.”可知此处指考试失败，fail表示“失败”，主语是复数，谓语动词用原形。故填fail。
【79题详解】
句意：当他们困了的时候，他们可能会伤害病人，甚至意外导致病人的死亡。or连接并列的动词原形，根据“a patient’s death by accident.”可知此处指意外导致人死亡，cause表示“引起”。故填cause。
【80题详解】
句意：尽管睡眠如此重要，现在很多人也没有充足睡眠。根据“sleep is so important, many people these days are not getting enough.”可知此句是让步状语从句，用though或although引导，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Though/Although。
【81题详解】
句意：也许是时候醒过来，改变我们的思维方式了。and连接并列的动词原形，根据“We should realize that not sleeping enough is a serious problem.”可知此处指改变“我们”的思维方式，change表示“改变”。故填change。
【2024年B卷】
In the world that we are creating very quickly, we’re going to see more and more things that look like science fiction, and fewer and fewer things that look like jobs. For example, our cars are very quickly going to start driving ___74___. That means we’re going to need fewer drivers. At the same time, there might be some new kinds of ___75___ in the future. Let’s have a look at some of them.
Robots will become more common in our homes and schools, so we’ll need people who know ___76___ to fix them. These workers will be like robot doctors, finding out what’s wrong with a robot and helping it get better.
Imagine going on vacation to space! In the future, more people might be interested in space travel, so we might need g___77___ who can show tourists around the stars and planets.
As AI (人工智能) is developing fast, we’ll need people to check that it works properly. We call these people AI rule keepers. They will make ___78___ that AI won’t do anything harmful to humans.
School might look different in the future, with lessons designed just for you. Then we’ll need p___79___ learning planners. These planners would create special learning plans ___80___ each student, so that everyone could get what they need to succeed.
These are just a few examples of the jobs we might have in the future. The best way to get ready for these future jobs is to be open to new ideas and never ___81___ learning. Knowledge will remain important, and problem solving and critical (批判性的) thinking skills will be needed for our future education and work.
【答案】74. themselves
75. jobs 76. how
77. (g)uides
78. sure 79. (p)ersonal
80 for 81. stop
【解析】
【导语】本文主要是介绍畅想未来的几个例子。
【74题详解】
句意：例如，我们的汽车很快就会开始自动驾驶。根据“For example, our cars are very quickly going to start driving...”可知，汽车会自动驾驶，此处指cars，用themselves代替。故填themselves。
【75题详解】
句意：与此同时，未来可能会有一些新的工作。根据后文介绍可知，是未来的一些新工作，jobs“工作”符合语境，故填jobs。
【76题详解】
句意：机器人将在我们的家庭和学校变得越来越普遍，所以我们需要知道如何修理它们的人。根据“so we’ll need people who know...to fix them”可知，我们需要知道如何修理它们的人，how“如何”符合语境，故填how。
【77题详解】
句意：在未来，更多的人可能会对太空旅行感兴趣，所以我们可能需要导游，他们可以带领游客参观恒星和行星。根据“so we might need g... who can show tourists around the stars and planets”可知，我们可能需要导游带领游客参观恒星和行星，guides“导游”符合语境，故填(g)uides。
【78题详解】
句意：他们将确保人工智能不会对人类造成任何伤害。根据“They will make...that AI won’t do anything harmful to humans.”可知，确保人工智能不会对人类造成任何伤害，make sure“确保”，故填sure。
【79题详解】
句意：然后我们需要个人学习规划师。根据“Then we’ll need p... learning planners. These planners would create special learning plans...”可知，需要个人学习规划师，personal“个人的”，作定语修饰其后的名词，故填(p)ersonal。
【80题详解】
句意：这些规划师会为每个学生制定特殊的学习计划，这样每个人都能得到他们成功所需的东西。plans for“……的计划”，故填for。
【81题详解】
句意：为这些未来的工作做好准备的最好方法是接受新想法，永不停止学习。根据“...to be open to new ideas and never...learning”可知，永不停止学习，stop“停止”，祈使句用动词原形，故填stop。
二、2023年
【2023年A卷】
短文综合填空
根据下面短文内容及部分首字母提示，在短文的空格处填上一个最恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。请将完整的单词填写在答题卡上对应的位置。
After exercising, the first thing that you want to do is to drink up a glass of cold water. When the water travels down your throat, you will 54 so good. However, you are often told not to do so. Is drinking 55 water really unhealthy
Cold water is said to slow down a person’s digestion(消化). Having cold water or a cold drink makes your body’s temperature l 56 . Cold water causes your blood vessels (血管) to become narrower (更狭窄的). So, the body needs to burn energy to bring your 57 back to normal. At the same time, less energy is used for digestion.
Think of your digestive system as a burning pot. If someone suddenly poured cold water into this pot what would 58 Doing this would be dangerous. Similarly, when you drink cold water while eating, it is 59 adding water to a burning pot. Of course, it isn’t that bad, but it is a good way to explain why drinking cold water during meals maybe a bad idea. 60 you cannot control your urge(冲动) to do so, drinking water at room temperature is a better choice.
Traditional Chinese medicine suggests trying to avoid drinking cold water. And modern studies in Europe point out drinking cold water causes headaches. Scientists are doing more research on this. Maybe in the future t 61 can give us more helpful information.
【答案】54．feel 55．cold 56．(l)ow
57．temperature 58．happen 59．like 60．If 61．(t)echnology
【导语】本文主要介绍了经常性饮用冷水对身体所产生的不良影响。
54．句意：当水顺着你的喉咙流下来时，你会感觉很好。根据“After exercising, the first thing that you want to do is to drink up a glass of cold water.”可知很多人运动后，要做的第一件事就是喝一杯冷水，因为水顺着喉咙流下来时，会感觉很好，feel“感觉”，动词，will后用动词原形，故填feel。
55．句意：喝冷水真的不健康吗？根据下文“Cold water is said to slowdown a person’s digestion(消化).”可知是指冷水，应用cold water，故填cold。
56．句意：喝冷水或冷饮会使你的体温降低。根据“Having cold water or a cold drink makes your body’s temperature l...”可知喝冷水会降低体温，low“降低”，动词。make sb do sth“使某人做某事”，故填(l)ow。
57．句意：所以，身体需要燃烧能量来使你的体温恢复正常。根据“So, the body needs to burn energy to bring your...back to normal”可知喝冷水后身体需要燃烧能量来使你的体温恢复正常，此处应填名词temperature“温度”。故填temperature 。
58．句意：把你的消化系统想象成一个燃烧的锅，如果有人突然往锅里倒冷水，会发生什么？根据“If someone suddenly poured cold water into this pot what would...”可知是指如果向燃烧的热锅里倒冷水会发生什么，happen“发生”，动词，would后加动词原形，故填happen。
59．句意：同样，当你在吃饭的时候喝冷水，就像在烧着的锅里加水一样。根据“when you drink cold water while eating, it is...adding water to a burning pot”可知此处是作比喻，在吃饭的时候喝冷水就像在烧着的锅里加水。like“像”，介词，故填like。
60．句意：如果你无法控制自己想要喝水的冲动，那么在室温下喝水是更好的选择。根据“you cannot control your urge(冲动) to do so, drinking water at room temperature is a better choice.”可知前句是后句的条件，应用if引导条件状语从句，故填If。
61．句意：也许在未来技术可以给我们更多有用的信息。根据“Scientists are doing more research on this. Maybe in the future t...can give us more helpful information.”可知科学家们正在对此进行更多的研究。说明未来技术也许可以给我们更多有用的信息。technology“科技”符合语境，故填(t)echnology。
【2023年B卷】
短文综合填空
根据下面短文内容及部分首字母提示，在短文的空格处填上一个最恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺，并将完整的单词填写在答题卡上对应的位置。
Many successful people follow a similar routine (常规). This helps them make the best use of their days. This also helps sleep well at night. One of the most important things successful people do is to get ready for the next day the night before. Let’s see 54 they do that.
Learn to relax
Successful people say it is important to relax. Some enjoy listening to music, w 55 others like taking a bath before going to bed. Studies show that a 15-minute bath an hour or two before bedtime helps them sleep better. Sleeping well tonight means a good day tomorrow.
Put the phone down
Studies show that the blue light from a phone is bad for our sleep. Successful people c 56 their phone use. They don’t sleep with their phones nearby. They put phones away an hour 57 bedtime and they use an alarm clock to wake up.
Think about today
Before sleep, it helps to think about the day. Many 58 people think about the good things from the day. This helps them to learn and to change. It also 59 them to make a plan for a good (perhaps even better) day tomorrow.
Make a 60
Many successful people make plans for their activities the next day. It helps them sleep well. This is important because sleeping b 61 sometimes makes everything seem worse the next day. Making plans also helps them wake up relaxed, happy and ready for the new day.
【答案】54．how 55．(w)hile 56．(c)ontrol 57．before 58．successful 59．helps/encourages 60．plan 61．(b)adly
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍成功人士的一些习惯。
54．句意：让我们看看他们是怎么做的。根据“Let’s see...they do that.”和后文介绍可知，是介绍方法，how“如何”符合语境。故填how。
55．句意：一些人喜欢听音乐，而另一些人喜欢在睡觉前洗个澡。根据“Some enjoy listening to music, w...others like taking a bath before going to bed.”可知，前后构成对比关系，while“然而”符合语境，故填(w)hile。
56．句意：成功人士会控制手机的使用。根据“Successful people c...their phone use. They don’t sleep with their phones nearby.”可知，成功人士会控制手机的使用，control“控制”，时态是一般现在时，主语是复数，动词用原形。故填(c)ontrol。
57．句意：他们在睡觉前一小时把手机收起来，用闹钟叫醒自己。根据“They put phones away an hour...bedtime”可知，他们在睡觉前一小时把手机收起来，before“在……之前”符合语境。故填before。
58．句意：许多成功的人都会想到一天中美好的事情。根据“Many...people think about the good things from the day.”和全文内容可知，谈论成功人士，successful“成功的”，作定语修饰people。故填successful。
59．句意：这也能帮助/鼓励他们为美好的（甚至更好的）明天做一个计划。根据“It also...them to make a plan for a good (perhaps even better) day tomorrow.”可知，回顾一天可以帮助/鼓励为明天做一个计划，help“帮助”/encourage“鼓励”，时态是一般现在时，主语是It，动词用三单。故填helps/encourages。
60．句意：制定一个计划 根据“Many successful people make plans for their activities the next day.”可知，本段建议制定一个计划，plan“计划”，a修饰可数名词单数。故填plan。
61．句意：这一点很重要，因为睡眠不好有时会让第二天的事情看起来更糟。根据“This is important because sleeping b...sometimes makes everything seem worse the next day.”可知，睡眠不好有时会让第二天的事情看起来更糟，用副词badly修饰动词。故填(b)adly。
三、2022年
【2022年A卷】
短文语境提示填空
根据下面短文内容，在短文的空格处填上一个最恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。
Miss Wang recently had a worrying experience.
One morning, just as she arrived at her 54 , Wang noticed some missed calls from her mother. “It must be something very important,” she thought to herself.
Right away, she called her mother 55 quite worriedly. To her surprise, Wang found her mother only wanted her charger (充电器), which Wang took to the office by mistake.
When Wang hurried home from her office, she found her mother’s 56 was still 70% charged. And her mother was worried that it would run out of power as she continued using it.
Now Wang realizes the seriousness of the problem. Her mother 57 eight hours a day playing games, reading news and watching short videos online. And her mother has problems like poor eyesight, headache and so on.
This story is not special and Wang’s mother is not 58 . She is just one in a growing population of the old who lose themselves in playing with phones. As the old have 59 chances to join in social activities, a smart phone is the best way to kill time.
But too much time on phone can cause many problems. “Be careful when using your phones, 60 you will be easily fooled!” Although the old are always warned like this, online frauds (欺骗) still happen to them. Now there are more family problems. Action should be taken.
For the old, they should control their screen time and get enough rest. The young, for their part, should often visit the old, and help them learn more about online safety so that they can 61 themselves. Also, the young can do more activities with the old like talking, walking and traveling, or encourage them to learn something at the universities for the aged.
【答案】54．office 55．back 56．phone 57．spends 58．alone 59．fewer 60．or 61．protect
【导语】本文通过王小姐和她母亲的经历告诉我们老人现在过度使用手机，这样会引起很多问题，所以作者建议年轻人要多拜访老人，老人也要多做一些其他活动。
54．句意：一天早上，她刚到办公室，就注意到她妈妈的一些未接电话。根据“When Wang hurried home from her office”可知她到达了办公室，office“办公室”。故填office。
55．句意：马上，她很着急的给妈妈回了电话。根据“she called her mother...”以及上文可知，看到妈妈的未接电话，会回电话，call sb. back“给某人回电话”。故填back。
56．句意：王小姐从办公室赶回家时，发现妈妈的手机还有70%的电量。根据“she found her mother’s...was still 70% charged”以及上文可知她妈妈的手机还有电，phone“电”，指她妈妈的手机，名词用单数。故填phone。
57．句意：她的母亲每天花八个小时玩游戏、阅读新闻和在线观看短视频。根据“eight hours a day playing games...”可知是花费时间做某事，主语是人，用spend“花费”，描述一般情况，用一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，谓语用第三人称单数。故填spends。
58．句意：这个故事并不特别，王的母亲并不是唯一的例子。根据“This story is not special”以及“She is just one in a growing population of the old who lose themselves in playing with phones”可知王小姐的母亲不是唯一的一个沉迷手机的例子，alone“单独的”。故填alone。
59．句意：由于老年人参加社交活动的机会较少，智能手机是打发时间的最佳方式。根据“a smart phone is the best way to kill time”可知他们用手机打发时间，因为他们参加社交活动的机会相较于年轻人来说更少，故此处用比较级，修饰可数名词复数用fewer“更少”。故填fewer。
60．句意：使用手机时要小心，否则很容易上当！根据“Be careful when using your phones...you will be easily fooled”可知此处是结构“祈使句+or+陈述句”，表示“用手机时要小心，否则很容易被欺骗”。故填or。
61．句意：对于年轻人来说，他们应该经常拜访老年人，并帮助他们更多地了解网络安全，以便他们能够保护自己。根据“help them learn more about online safety so that they can...themselves”可知让老人了解网络安全，这样老人能保护自己，protect“保护”，情态动词can后加动词原形。故填protect。
【2022年B卷】
短文语境提示填空
根据下面短文内容，在短文的空格处填上一个最恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。
As students, you should study hard. More importantly, you should study in a smart way. Try these methods below.
Spaced Repetition
According to Ebbinghaus, you’ll 54 easily if you don’t review in time. After you read your study material for the first time, you’d better come back to it 6 hours later, then 24 hours later, 3 days later, 7 days later or even 14 days later and above. Repeat it 55 least 5 times, and you can almost remember everything.
Jim Kwik's Technique(方法)
According to Jim Kwik, an expert on reading and the memory, the key to understanding your reading material is to ask question. You can put a line down the 56 of a piece of paper. On the left, take notes of key information,while on the right, write down 3 kinds of questions—how, when and why. Among the questions, the most important 57 is how you can use the key information. Connect it with the knowledge you’ve 58 known. And think about what real life problems you can solve by using it. This helps to keep the information your mind.
The Feynman Technique
Studies show students can understand what they’ve learned better when they 59 someone else. The Feynman technique includes 4 basic steps. First, study. Second, teach what you’ve just learned to someone with zero knowledge of the subject in 60 words. Third, find out which parts you can explain well and which parts you can’t. Go back to the book and try to understand the topic once again. Fourth, repeat the steps above 61 you can explain the topic without looking at the book.
【答案】54．forget 55．at 56．middle 57．one 58．already 59．teach 60．other 61．until
【导语】本文主要讲述了三种学习方法。
54．句意：根据艾宾浩斯的说法，如果你不及时复习，你很容易忘记。根据“easily if you don’t review in time”以及常识可知不及时复习容易遗忘，forget“忘记”，will后加动词原形。故填forget。
55．句意：重复至少5次，你几乎可以记住所有内容。根据“least 5 times”可知是至少5次，at least“至少”。故填at。
56．句意：你可以在一张纸的中间画一条线。根据“You can put a line down the...of a piece of paper. On the left...while on the right...”可知是在纸的中间画一条线，the middle of“……的中间”。故填middle。
57．句意：在这些问题中，最重要的是如何使用关键信息。根据“Among the questions, the most important”可知是最重要的问题，此处用one代指可数名词单数。故填one。
58．句意：将它与你已经知道的知识联系起来。根据“Connect it with the knowledge you’ve...known”可知是把问题和已经知道的知识联系起来，already“已经”，副词。故填already。
59．句意：研究表明，当学生教别人时，他们可以更好地理解他们学到的东西。根据“Second, teach what you’ve just learned to...”可知当学生教别人时，他们学得更好，teach“教”，描述一般情况，用一般现在时，主语是they，谓语动词用原形。故填teach。
60．句意：其次，用其他的语言把你刚刚学到的东西教给对这个主题知识为零的人。根据“teach what you’ve just learned to someone with zero knowledge of the subject in...words”可知是用其他的话把自己学到的知识教给别人，other“其他的”，后加名词复数。故填other。
61．句意：第四，重复上面的步骤，直到你不用看书就能解释这个话题。根据“repeat the steps above...you can explain the topic without looking at the book”可知是重复这些步骤直到可以解释，until“直到”，引导时间状语从句。故填until。
四、2021年
【2021年A卷】
九、短文填空
A study has been done at a university. Scientists divided a class into two groups. They made each group take notes 54． different ways. The first group took notes by hand. The second one did it on the computer. The 55． of the study was to find out which method would help the students learn better. The scientists thought Group Two would win. But to their surprise, Group One did a better job. Since you take notes by hand, stick to it!
Good notes can 56． to less stress（压力）when test time comes around. Then how can you improve your note-taking skill The following advice can help you.
Firstly, try to get yourself ready 57． class begins. Be familiar（熟悉的）with the material that you are going to learn. Make sure you have your notebooks and pens on the desk.
Secondly, take notes wisely while listening in class. Many students become 58． taking notes and they may fail to follow the teacher. So it is important to know when to take notes. And remember to write down the key words and use shorthand（速记法） if necessary.
Thirdly, check your notes after class. You can add some details（细节）yourself first. If there is still something missing, compare your notes with 59．. Do it with those who take notes carefully. These checks will also 60． your chances of understanding what you’ve written.
Try the advice above. When you can take notes 61． than before, you will find your lessons easier and more enjoyable.
【答案】
54．in
55．purpose
56．lead
57．before
58．busy
59．others’
60．increase
61．better
【解析】
54．
句意：他们让每个小组用不同的方法做笔记。此处表示“用不同的方法”，用介词in表示“用……方法”，故填in。
55．
句意：这项研究的目的是找出哪种方法能帮助学生更好地学习。根据“to find out which method would help the students learn better”可知，此处介绍这项研究的目的，purpose“目的”，根据“was”可知，此空应填名词的单数形式，故填purpose。
56．
句意：好的笔记可以减少考试时的压力。根据“Good notes can … to less stress（压力）when test time comes around”可知，此处表示“导致”，英文表达为lead to，情态动词can后接动词原形，故填lead。
57．
句意：首先，在上课前做好准备。根据“try to get yourself ready… class begins”可知，是在上课前做好准备，故填before。
58．
句意：许多学生变得忙于记笔记，他们可能不能跟上老师。根据“they may fail to follow the teacher”可知，学生忙着记笔记以至于跟不上老师讲的内容，be busy doing sth“忙于做某事”，故填busy。
59．
句意：如果还缺少什么，把你的笔记和别人的进行比较。此处表示把你的笔记和其他人的笔记进行比较，others“其他人”，用名词所有格表示“其他人的笔记”，故填others’。
60．
句意：这些检查也会增加你理解你所写内容的机会。根据“These checks will also …your chances of understanding what you’ve written”可知，在检查笔记的过程中，也是增加了理解自己所记的内容的机会，increase“增加”，will后接动词原形，故填increase。
61．
句意：当你能记笔记比以前更好，你会发现你的课更容易和更愉快。根据“than”可知，此处应填比较级，根据“you will find your lessons easier and more enjoyable”可知，笔记比之前记得更好了，会发现课程很容易，用副词的比较级better修饰动词take notes，故填better。
【2021年B卷】
十、短文填空
Nowadays we often work as a team. By leading a group of people can be difficult. People want team leaders they can trust. Would you like to be a good leader Here’s some 54． for you.
Ask to know your team
Learn about each person on your team. You can’t be a successful leader 55． you know your team. Be a “learner” instead of a “knower” as you don’t have all of the answers. Try to get close to them by 56． questions. For example as you pass someone, you can ask, “Hi! Do you enjoy doing these projects ” or “Do you have any ideas about how to do it better ”
Talk to your team
Be as active as you can when you stay with your team. It’s a good practice to talk 57． with everyone on your team. Tell them what you’re thinking about and what new projects you’re considering. The more you talk to them, the more comfortable they will feel when they give you their opinions.
58． to your team
Let your team feel you’re a good listener. Whenever they have problems at work or at home, listen to what they want to say. Be patient and 59． trying to interrupt（打断）them. Make your team feel they can talk to you. Care about your team.
Show your team you care about them as 60． are friends. People will work harder for their leaders if they feel they are really cared about. If someone comes to you 61． a problem, always be ready to help. That will make your team trust and respect you more.
【答案】
54．advice
55．unless
56．asking
57．activly
58．Listen
59．never
60．they
61．with
【解析】
54．
句意：这是给你的一些建议。根据后文介绍可知，是给出建议，根据“Here’s”可知，用不可数名词advice，故填advice。
55．
句意：除非你了解你的团队，否则你不可能成为一个成功的领导者。分析“You can’t be a successful leader…you know your team.”可知，此处表示“除非”，用unless引导条件状语从句，故填unless。
56．
句意：试着通过提问来接近他们。根据“Try to get close to them by…questions.”可知，此处表示提问，用ask表示，用在介词by后，使用动名词作宾语，故填asking。
57．
句意：积极地与团队中的每个人交谈是一个很好的练习。根据“Be as active as you can when you stay with your team.”可知，此处表示“积极”，在句中修饰动词talk，使用副词形式activly，故填activly。
58．
句意：倾听你的团队。根据“Let your team feel you’re a good listener.”可知，此处表示“倾听”，用listen表示，在句首大写首字母，故填Listen。
59．
句意：要有耐心，不要试图打断他们。分析“Be patient and…trying to interrupt（打断）them.”可知，此处表示否定含义，可用never表示，故填never。
60．
句意：向你的团队显示你像朋友一样关心他们。分析“Show your team you care about them as…are friends.”可知，此处指“他们”，在句中作主语，用主格they，故填they。
61．
句意：如果有人找你有问题，随时准备帮助他。根据“If someone comes to you…a problem, always be ready to help.”可知，此处表示伴随，可用介词with表示，故填with。
五、【2020年A卷】
根据下面短文内容，在短文的空格处填上一个恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。
We all want to live the life we dream of. However, at times, some negative (消极的) ideas may stop us. Hope the following suggestions can help to ignore those54． and go ahead.
Do What We Can Control
One thing we can control is doing what we can—eating healthily, exercising, reading and getting enough sleep. Doing the right things can help55． to achieve the most happiness. Also, it can make us move on in the56．direction. However, we should also accept that there are many things we can't control.
Take Calculated (预料到的) Risks
Success doesn't come57．risks. We all have to take risks in life, but try to make sure those risks are calculated. For example, you are working at a job that you hate, and you are dreaming of giving it up and 58． your own business. The thought is a start. But one day, you can't stand your job any more, so you leave it even though you haven't really had a plan. This is such a big risk that it will probably make you59．want to take a risk again. So just start with a small risk.
Don't Be Afraid of Failure
Thomas Edison is one of the greatest inventors in history. However, he60．many times. Did you know Edison created an electric pen A ghost machine Probably not. Well, that's because they were complete failures. But those failures put him one step61．to success. Think of failures as milestones (里程碑) towards success.
【答案】
54．ideas 55．us 56．right 57．without 58．starting 59．never 60．failed 61．closer
【解析】
54．
句意：希望下面的建议能帮助你忽略这些想法，继续前行。
上句话“However, at times, some negative (消极的) ideas may stop us.”提到，一些消极的想法会阻止我们前进，这句话是告诉我们如何忽略那些想法，该空指代的是ideas。故答案为ideas。
55．
句意：做正确的事情可以帮助我们获得最大的幸福。
根据上句话“One thing we can control is doing what we can”可知，这个建议是让我做我们能做到的事情，使用的是第一人称we来叙述的，因此这里表示“可以帮助我们”，在句中作宾语，应用宾格形式。故答案为us。
56．
句意：同时，它可以让我们朝着正确的方向前进。
根据上文“Doing the right things can help ______ to achieve the most happiness. Also, it can make us move on in the ______ direction.”可知，这两句话介绍的是做正确的事情的好处。结合常识，我们做正确的事情，就能使我们朝着正确的方向前进，故答案为right。
57．
句意：成功不是没有风险的。
根据这一段的标题“Take Calculated (预料到的) Risks”以及下文“We all have to take risks in life”可知，我们要接受风险。因此这句话是表示“没有风险成功就不会到来”，这里考查without，是一个介词，意为“没有”，符合语境。故答案为without。
58．
句意：例如，你正在做一份你讨厌的工作，你梦想着放弃它，开始自己的事业。
根据句意“you are working at a job that you hate, and you are dreaming of giving it up”，你讨厌你的工作，想要放弃它，根据常理，下面应该是开创自己的事业。start开始，是一个动词，符合语境。该空与前面的giving it up并列，也应用动名词形式。故答案为starting。
59．
句意：这是一个很大的风险，可能会让你永远不想再冒险。
根据上文“But one day, you can't stand your job any more, so you leave it even though you haven't really had a plan.”可知，在没有计划之前，就放弃了你的工作，这种冒险是不可取的，其结果是会让你永远不想再冒险。never“永远不，从不”，是否定副词，符合语境。故答案为never。
60．
句意：然而，他失败了很多次。
这一段的标题是“Don't Be Afraid of Failure”“不要害怕失败”，文章以爱迪生为例，告诉我们即使伟大的人也经历了很多失败。根据句子结构可知，该空是句子的谓语动词，考查fail，且应用一般过去时态，这里填过去式。故答案为failed。
61．
句意：但这些失败让他离成功又近了一步。
句子But表示转折，因此这里是想要告诉我们，失败并不是没有任何意义的，它是我们走向成功的里程碑。这里考查close to…“离……近”，且根据语境，失败的经历让我们离成功更近了，应用比较级形式。故答案为closer。
【2020年B卷】
It's normal for the human mind to wander(走神). So many things may fill your mind and pull your thoughts in different directions. This isn't always 54．. Sometimes a wandering mind can lead to a new creation. However, wandering thoughts can also stop you 55． getting things done, keep you up at night, or hurt your health. Don't worry. Try the following practice.
Doing Exercise and Activities
Slow down and let your mind focus(专注) on your breathing. By controlling your breathing, you bring your 56． to work together with your body. Once you lose interest in what you’re doing, you can take a break from it. Go for a walk, do some exercise, take a shower or even lie down and think about57．. These activities help a lot.
Focusing on Tasks You're Doing
Do one task at a time, it won't slow you down. Instead, it keeps your mind focused and you’ll be able to get more done 58．. While doing tasks, don't look around from time to time. If there's something keeping your mind wandering, allow yourself a specific(特定的）time to worry, think or plan. 59． the time is up, refocus on your next task.
Controlling Worrying Thoughts
Writing down or sharing your worries helps to get them out of your head. When there's a big task, it's understandable to put it off. But by 60． it bravely and trying to solve it, you can get away from your worrying thoughts. If it doesn't work after you've tried everything, 61．that there are always things you can't change.
【答案】
54．bad 55．from 56．mind 57．nothing 58．quickly 59．When 60．facing 61．accept
【解析】
54．
句意：这并不总是坏的。
分析句子，空出需要一个形容词作表语，根据“Sometimes a wandering mind can lead to a new creation.” （有时候，走神可以带来新的创造。）可知，走神并不总是坏事，bad坏的，故答案是bad。
55．
句意：然而，走神也会妨碍你完成工作，让你夜不能寐，或者损害你的健康。
stop sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事,固定短语，故答案是from。
56．
句意：通过控制你的呼吸，让大脑与你的身体一起工作。
根据“Slow down and let your mind focus(专注) on your breathing.”（慢一点，让你的大脑集中到你的呼吸上）可知，这里指的是让大脑与身体一起运作，故答案是mind。
57．
句意：去散散步，做一些锻炼，洗个澡，甚至躺下来什么都不去想。
根据“Once you lose interest in what you’re doing, you can take a break from it.”（一旦你对你正在做的事情失去兴趣，你可以休息一下。）可知，这里指的是躺下来什么都不去想，nothing没有什么；无。故答案是nothing。
58．
句意：相反，它能让你集中注意力，你能快速地完成更多的事情。
分析句子可知，空处需要一个副词来修饰动词get，根据“Do one task at a lime, it won't slow you down.” （一次做一件事，它不会减慢你的速度。）可知，集中注意力可以使你快速完成事情，quickly快速地，故答案是quickly。
59．
句意：当时间到了，就重新集中注意力到下一个任务上。
根据上一句“If there's something keeping your mind wandering, allow yourself a specific(特定的）time to worry, think or plan.”（如果有什么让你心不在焉,允许自己在特定的时间内去担心，思考或计划。）可知，这里指的是当时间到了，when当……时，句首首字母大写，故答案是When。
60．
句意：但通过勇敢地面对，并努力解决它，你就可以摆脱你的担忧。
根据“ trying to solve it, you can get away from your worrying thoughts”可推断，此处指的是勇敢面对，face面对，“and”连接的两个动词形式要一致，由trying可知，此处填facing，故答案是facing。
61．
句意：如果你尝试了所有的方法还是不奏效，那么就接受那些你无法改变的事情。
根据句意结合常识可知，如果无法改变，那么就只能接受，所以应该是accept接受，这里是省略了主语you的祈使句，故用动词原形，故答案是accept。
六、【2019年A卷】
VIII. 短文填空。（每空2分，共16分）
根据下面短文内容，在短文的空格处填上一个恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。
I recently turned 30. Thinking back what I’ve experienced, I took some time to write myself some advice.
Trust
Even if it kills your relationship. Even if you lose your friends. Even if it means you end up getting hurt. __74__ people even if they give you a reason not to.
But don’t be too naive(幼稚). Some people are out to hurt you.
People
People are the best and __75__ thing that will happen to you. Some will help you go further and faster. Others will pull you down to their level and make you lose.
Most are OK. Many are average. Some are excellent. You don’t need a lot of people or friends around you. You need amazing people who help you just __76__ you help them. Only a few people will change your life forever. Find __77__.
Value time
Don’t waste time on people who cheat you.
Value other people’s __78__. Don’t be late. That means that if you’re late, you don’t care about them or their time. And that also means you think you’re worth more and therefore(因此) keep them __79__. Some people will tell you that it’s OK to be late. It’s not.
Fail
Fail. Fail a lot. Fail often. Fail in making friends. Fail in work. __80__ please don’t lose your heart! Learn a lesson.
If you don’t learn something when you fail, then all you’ve done is failed. If you learn something, then you’ve grown. Every time you grow and fail and learn, you become better at finding out the way to __81__.
74.
【答案】Trust
【解析】结合本段的小标题“Trust”和内容尤其是空格后表示让步关系的even if可推知，此处指即使人们给你理由让你不去信任他们，你也要去信任他们。
75.
【答案】worst
【解析】结合本段的后两句可推知，（遇见）不同的人会对你不同的影响，一些人会帮你走得更好或更快，一些人会拉低你的层次并让你遭受损失，故此处指（遇见不同的）人是将会发生在你身上最好和最坏的事情。
76.
【答案】as/like
【解析】结合空格前后内容可推知，此处指你需要了不起的人，他们帮助你就像你帮助他们一样。连词as/like在此意为“如同；像……一样”。
77.
【答案】them
【解析】此处用them指代上文提到的那些将会永远改变你的生活的极少数的人。
78.
【答案】time
【解析】结合本段的小标题“Value time”和空格后面的两句话可推知，此处指要珍惜他人的时间。
79.
【答案】waiting
【解析】结合上下文内容可推知，此处指迟到意味着你认为你值得更多并且因此让他们等你，故此处填waiting。
80.
【答案】But
【解析】空格前后的内容之间存在转折关系，故用but。此处指尽管在失败多次，经常失败，在交友和工作中遇到失败，但请不要失去你的信心。
81.
【答案】success/succeed
【解析】结合上文可推知，此处指如果你能从失败中学习并成长，那么你就更善于寻找到成功的道路。the way to success/succeed意为“成功之道”。
【2019年B卷】
短文填空。
根据下面短文内容，在短文的空格处填上一个恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。
You’ve been here in China for a few days, and you may notice that Chinese people can sometimes be very direct. But don’t be fooled into thinking you can___54___anything you like to them. Here are a few things foreigners____55____China should never say.
Have you been on vacation You look so tanned (晒黑的)!
While many people in the West grow up with the idea that dark skin is a sign of beauty, this is not true in China. That explains___56___umbrellas are just as common on sunny days as they are on rainy days here.
I really love China, but…
Don’t finish that___57___. No place can be perfect. It’s fine if you say something impolite about your___58___country, but don’t do it about someone else’s. This doesn’t just happen in China, but it’s fair to say the Chinese people show more love to their country.
I think Chinese food is the best food in the world.
What’s that As everyone in China should already know this, saying that you love Chinese food is like saying that sugar is___59___or ice is cold. It’s won’t hurt anybody, but they may think you know___60___about their food culture. Since there are many different kinds of Chinese food, it sounds better to talk about the local food that you like most.
Keep them in mind and___61___your stay in China!
54.
【答案】 say
【解析】句意：但不要愚昧地认为你对他们想说什么就说什么。根据后面的句子“Here are a few things foreigners____2____China should never say.”可知，短文介绍了外国人在中国最忌讳说的一些话，不是想说什么就说什么，情态动词say后跟动词原形，故答案为say。
55.
【答案】in
【解析】句意：这里有一些外国人在中国不应该说的话。in China在中国，故答案为in。
56.
【答案】why
【解析】句意：这就解释了为什么雨伞在晴天和雨天一样常见。explain“解释”，中国人不喜欢皮肤黑，在晴天也打着雨伞，这也是雨伞在晴天和雨天一样常见的原因，故答案为why。
57.
【答案】sentence(complaint)。
【解析】句意：不要说出那样的话（抱怨）。that是指前面的“I really love China, but…”，是一句抱怨的话，故答案为sentence(complaint)。
58.
【答案】own
【解析】句意：如果你对自己的国家说些不礼貌的话没关系。在形容词性物主代词所修饰的名词前面加上own，表示“某人自己的”，故可以添加own。
59.
【答案】sweet
【解析】句意：说你喜欢中国菜，就像说出糖很甜或冰很冷一样。根据“ice is cold”判断，此处是让你说出事物的属性特征，糖给我们的印象肯定会是甜的，故答案为sweet。
60.
【答案】nothing/little
【解析】句意：但他们可能会认为你对他们的饮食文化一无所知。根据前面的句意“说你喜欢中国菜，就像说出糖很甜或冰很冷一样”理解可知，好像说出这样的话跟没说一样，会让中国人认为自己对他们的饮食文化一无所知。故答案为nothing/little。
61.
【答案】enjoy
【解析】句意：要记住它们，祝你在中国过得愉快！并列连词and前后连接的是两个祈使句，需要填写动词原形，短文是写给外国游客的，最后要献上祝福的话：祝您在中国过得愉快！enjoy“享受……的乐趣，过得快活”。
k12联盟中考一模
There are lots of successful people all ____54____ the world. Different people have different opinions about their success. Once a successful businessman was invited to a TV interview. Everybody couldn’t wait to hear the secrets of his great achievements. ____55____, he only said with a smile, “Won’t it be better for me to ask you for your ideas on a certain problem ”
All the people were listening to him carefully. Here was his problem. He said, “People all r____56____ to the place where a gold mine (矿) had just been discovered. But when they got there, they found they were stopped by a river in front of it. They had to cross the river if they wanted to get to the gold mine. ____57____ would you do if you were among them ”
“Make another way,” someone suggested. “Swim across the river,” said ____58____. The businessman smiled without saying a word. Finally, he gave his idea. “Why not do something different instead of rushing to the mine How about buying a boat to offer the ferry (渡船) service ” The listeners were all s____59____ at his idea. He then explained calmly. The man who bought the boat could make a lot of money by taking the passengers to the other bank of the river. They would like to pay for the ferry because there was gold across from the bank.
Do what the others ____60____ thought of or do something that others have never tried before — that is a key to success.
A different situation, in the eyes of a wise man, often means a chance of ____61____.
【答案】54. over##around
55. However
56. (r)an##(r)ushed
57. What 58. another
59. (s)urprised
60. haven’t
61. success
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲述了一位成功的商人通过一次采访告诉大家，抓住成功的机会，尝试着去做别人没有想过的事或者别人从未尝试过的事。
【54题详解】
句意：全世界有很多成功人士。根据“There are lots of successful people all...the world.”可知，世界上成功的人很多，可推测此处是全世界有很多成功人士，all over the world=all around the world表示“全世界”。故填over/around。
【55题详解】
句意：然而，他只是笑着说：“我问你对某个问题的想法不是更好吗？”根据“Everybody couldn’t wait to hear the secrets of his great achievements..., he only said with a smile, ‘Won’t it be better for me to ask you for your ideas on a certain problem ’”可知，“每个人都迫不及待地想听听他伟大成就的秘密”与“他只是笑着说：‘我问你对某个问题的想法不是更好吗？’”之间为转折关系，逗号前需填副词，however“然而”符合语境，句首首字母h需大写。故填However。
【56题详解】
句意：人们都跑到/冲向刚刚发现金矿的地方。根据“People all...to the place where a gold mine had just been discovered.”和首字母提示可知，发现了金矿，可推测此处是人们都跑到/冲向刚刚发现金矿的地方，“run to+地点”表示“跑到某地”或“rush to+地点”表示“冲向某地”均与语境相符，时态为一般过去时，空处需填动词过去式，ran/rushed均为动词过去式。故填(r)an/(r)ushed。
【57题详解】
句意：如果你也在他们中间，你会做什么？根据“would you do if you were among them ”可知，此处是询问如果你也在他们其中你会做什么，询问事情，疑问词用what，句首首字母w需大写 。故填What。
【58题详解】
句意：“游过这条河，”另一个人说。根据“ ‘Make another way,’ someone suggested.”可知，“换一条路，”有人建议，可推测此处是另个一人的建议，空处需填不定代词，another“另一个”符合语境。故填another。
【59题详解】
句意：听众们都对他的想法感到惊讶。根据“Finally, he gave his idea...He then explained calmly.”和首字母提示可知，最后，他给出了自己的想法，说完自己的想法后，他又向听众们解释了这个想法，可推测此处是听众们都对他的想法感到惊讶，be surprised at表示“对……惊讶”。故填(s)urprised。
【60题详解】
句意：做别人没有想过的事，或者做别人从未尝试过的事——这是成功的关键。根据“Finally, he gave his idea. ‘Why not do something different instead of rushing to the mine How about buying a boat to offer the ferry service ’ ”可知，最后，他给出了自己的想法，他表示为什么不做一些不同的事情，可以不去矿场，去买一艘船提供渡轮服务，大家都很惊讶，可推测此处是做别人没有想过的事，时态为现在完成时，主语为the others，复数，谓语用“have+动词过去分词”的结构，此处为否定，动词过去分词thought前的助动词用haven’t。故填haven’t。
【61题详解】
句意：在智者看来，不同的情况往往意味着成功的机会。根据“A different situation, in the eyes of a wise man, often means a chance of...”可知，聪明的人会利用各种情况让自己成功，可推测此处是成功的机会，空处需填名词，success“成功”符合语境。故填success。
巴蜀中学校中考一模
Sailing (帆船运动) is great exercise, and many people all over the world sail each year. With some lessons and practice, you could be one of them. Here’s how to get started for sailing a boat.
Understand the ____54____
When you’re starting out in sailing, learn the basics first. You should begin on a small boat made for kids. Like any sailboat, it simply ____55____ like this. The sailor uses the sail (帆) to catch the wind and push the boat forward, and moves the rudder (舵) in order to direct the boat where they want it to go.
Find sailing clubs near you
The most important lesson you can learn in sailing is how to do it safely ____56____ the help of experienced sailing coaches. First, find sailing clubs and search for youth lessons near you. Then ask your parents to call the clubs to find out what lessons they have for kids in ____57____ age group.
Prepare for your lessons
As a beginner, your lessons will start on l____58____ instead of in water. You’ll learn skills, like how to raise the sails by pulling on the lines. The lessons should also provide most of what you need to sail. It includes the boat and a life vest (救生衣). Ask what type of shoes you should wear, and dress in clothes that will dry q____59____.
Stay safe
Remember to always ____60____ your life vest in or near water, even when you’re on the dock (码头). Don’t take one boat out ____61____ your coaches agree, and never sail or swim alone.
【答案】54. basics
55. works 56. with
57. your 58. (l)and
59. (q)uickly
60. wear 61. unless
【解析】
【导语】本文介绍了如何开始帆船运动。
【54题详解】
句意：了解基础知识。根据“learn the basics first”可知，先学习基础知识，basics“基础知识”符合句意，故填basics。
【55题详解】
句意：和任何帆船一样，它的工作原理是这样的。根据“The sailor uses the sail (帆) to catch the wind and push the boat forward, and moves the rudder (舵) in order to direct the boat where they want it to go.”可知，此处讲帆船如何运行，所以work“运行”符合句意；根据“The sailor uses the sail”可知，时态为一般现在时，主语“it”为单数，所以填动词第三人称单数形式works。故填works。
【56题详解】
句意：在帆船运动中，您可以学到的最重要的一课是如何在经验丰富的帆船教练的帮助下安全地进行帆船运动。根据“the help of experienced sailing coaches”可知，考查with the help of sb.“在某人的帮助下”，故填with。
【57题详解】
句意：然后让你的父母给俱乐部打电话，看看他们对你这个年龄段的孩子有什么课程。根据“ask your parents”可知，此处指询问“你的年龄组有什么课程”，修饰名词用形容词性物主代词，your“你的”符合句意，故填your。
【58题详解】
句意：作为初学者，您的课程将从陆地而不是水中开始。根据“instead of in water”可知，此处指“在岸上，而不是在水里”，on land“在岸上”符合句意，故填(l)and。
【59题详解】
句意：问一下你应该穿什么类型的鞋子，穿能速干的衣服。根据“dry”可知，此处填副词修饰形容词，结合首字母，quickly“快速地”符合句意，故填(q)uickly。
【60题详解】
句意：请记住始终在水中或附近穿着救生衣，即使您在码头上也是如此。根据“your life vest in or near water”可知，不管在水里还是在附近，都要穿救生衣，wear“穿”符合句意；根据“Remember to always”可知，考查remember to do sth.“记得做某事”，所以此空填动词原形。故填wear。
【61题详解】
句意：除非教练同意，否则不要单独出海，也不要独自航行或游泳。根据“Don’t take one boat out... your coaches agree, and never sail or swim alone.”可知，此处为条件状语从句，unless“除非”符合句意，故填unless。
第一中学中考一模
It is 11 p. m. After doing homework for the whole night, you feel tired and sleepy. But there are still some unfinished tasks in front of you. You realize it’s d____54____ to finish all of them tonight. How you wish to have more than 24 hours each day! But it’s impossible, so what you need to do is to learn to manage your time well. Now, here are some tips for you.
Prioritize (优先次序) your tasks
Make a list of things you have to do and put them in ____55____ of importance. For example, look at your daily tasks and decide which are:
★Important and urgent (紧急的): Do these tasks right away.
★Important but not urgent: Decide when to do these tasks.
★Urgent but not important: Put the tasks in the last order or give ____56____ up if possible.
Set a time limit (限制) to each task
Decide how much time you need for each task. This can help you finish it more effectively. To keep your eyes on your work, you need a time limit ____57____ it will stop you from wasting time doing other things. For the students who are sluggish (拖沓的), setting a time reminder a little ____58____ is useful. For example, if you plan to finish your task at 8:00, you’d better set the reminder at 7:50. The sense of urgency may push you to finish it on time.
Take a break between tasks
When doing a lot of tasks ____59____ a break, it is harder to stay focused and inspired. You must rest your eyes and clear your mind. No matter how busy you are, at least ten minutes should be g____60____ to yourself to relax after you finish one task.
Time is like the water in a river. It runs away and never ____61____. You should cherish your time and never hope it can get longer. Embrace each moment and make the most of the time you have.
【答案】54. (d)ifficult
55. order 56. them
57. because
58. earlier
59. without
60. (g)iven
61. stops
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了一些管理时间的建议。
【54题详解】
句意：你意识到今晚很难完成所有（任务）。根据“it’s d…to finish all of them tonight”可知，完成全部任务是困难的，根据单词首字母可知，difficult“困难的”符合题意。故填(d)ifficult。
【55题详解】
句意：把你要做的事情列个清单，按重要性排序。根据“Important and urgent…Important but not urgent…Urgent but not important”可知，此处指“按重要性排序”，in order“有序地”。故填order。
【56题详解】
句意：把任务排在最后一个顺序，或者如果可能的话放弃它们。空处指代“tasks”，且空前有动词give，故此处用宾格them。故填them。
【57题详解】
句意：为了专注于你的工作，你需要一个时间限制，因为它会阻止你把时间浪费在其他事情上。根据“…it will stop you from wasting time doing other things”可知，此处解释了需要时间限制的原因，应该用because引导原因状语从句。故填because。
【58题详解】
句意：对于行动迟缓的学生来说，早一点设置时间提醒是有用的。根据“For the students who are sluggish (拖沓的),”可知，对于行动迟缓的学生来说，早一点设置时间提醒是有用的。early“早的”，空前有a little，故空处填early的比较级earlier。
【59题详解】
句意：当不间断地做很多任务时，很难保持专注和灵感。根据“it is harder to stay focused and inspired”可知，当不间断地做很多任务时，很难保持专注和灵感。without“不，没有”符合题意。故填without。
【60题详解】
句意：不管你有多忙，在完成一项任务后，至少应该给自己十分钟的时间来放松。根据“at least ten minutes should be g…to yourself to relax”可知，此处指“给自己十分钟的时间来放松”，give“给”符合题意。此处是被动语态be done，故空处填give的过去分词given。故填(g)iven。
【61题详解】
句意：它跑开了，从不停下来。根据“Time is like the water in a river.”可知，河里的水不会停下来，stop“停止”符合题意。根据语境可知，此处是一般现在时，主语It是第三人称单数，谓语动词用其三单式。故填stops。
綦江区赶水中学中考一模
It is reported that there were only 9.02 million newborn babies in China in 2023, and the population growth rate (率) is -1.48‰.
China has one of the ____54____ populations in the world, but its birth rate has continued to go down in recent years. This has caused a great deal of attention. Then what will be the influence of a falling birth rate
First, it will lead to an aging population. China’s elderly population is growing fast as people live longer and the birth rate falls. This will ____55____ more problems to the government and society. The government needs to put in more money to meet the medical, old-age care and other needs of the elderly, which will lead to more pressure. ____56____, the aging population will also lead to labor shortages (劳动力短缺), which may have influence on China’s economic (经济的) growth.
Second, it will make a difference ____57____ families. In a traditional Chinese family, children are the h____58____ of family. However, this idea is c____59____ now. More and more people prefer to have fewer children, and some even don’t want to have children. This will influence the stability (稳定) of families.
Finally, it will influence the development of our society, especially education and employment (就业). ___60___ the population falls, schools and businesses will be short of talent. This could lead to increased competition in the education and job markets and influence the stability of society and China’s cultural, social and economic development.
Now the government and society should take ____61____ to deal with this problem, such as encouraging childbirth, improving the welfare (福利) of children and the elderly, and improving education and the job market. Only in this way can social development and stability be guaranteed (保障).
【答案】54. largest##biggest
55. bring 56. Besides
57. to 58. (h)ope
59. (c)hanging
60. As##When##If
61. action
【解析】
【导语】本文主语介绍了中国是世界上人口最多的国家之一，但近年来出生率持续下降。文中提到出生率下降会带来的影响，并建议府和社会应采取鼓励生育、改善儿童和老年人福利、改善教育和就业市场等措施来解决这一问题。
【54题详解】
句意：中国是世界上人口最多的国家之一，但近年来出生率持续下降。根据“China has one of the…populations in the world”可知，中国是世界人口最多的国家之一。one of后跟形容词最高级形式，形容人口大小可用largest/biggest。故填largest/biggest。
【55题详解】
句意：这会给政府和社会带来更多的问题。根据“This will…more problems to the government and society.”可知，人口老龄化会给社会和国家带来问题。bring意为“带来”，符合语境。will后跟动词原形。故填bring。
【56题详解】
句意：此外人口老龄化还会导致劳动力短缺，这可能会影响中国的经济增长。根据“the aging population will also lead to labor shortages”可知，人口老龄化还会导致劳动力短缺，这是人口老龄化带来的另一个问题，besides意为“此外”，符合语境，句子首字母应大写。故填Besides。
【57题详解】
句意：其次，这将对家庭产生影响。根据“make a difference”可知， make a difference to sb.意为“对某人产生影响”。故填to。
【58题详解】
句意：在中国传统家庭中，孩子是家庭的希望。根据“In a traditional Chinese family, children are the h…of family.”和首字母可知，孩子是家庭的希望。hope意为”希望“，此处指抽象的希望感，为不可数名词。故填(h)ope。
【59题详解】
句意：然而，这种想法现在正在改变。根据“However”、“More and more people prefer to have fewer children, and some even don’t want to have children.”和首字母可知，此处转折，应表示想法在发生改变。change意为”改变“，符合语境。由now可知，此处应用现在进行时，结构为be doing。故填(c)hanging。
【60题详解】
句意：当/如果人口下降时，学校和企业将缺乏人才。根据“the population falls, schools and businesses will be short of talent.”可知，当/如果人口下降时，学校和企业将缺乏人才。此处可用As/When/If老引导时间/条件状语从句。故填As/When/If。
【61题详解】
句意：现在政府和社会应该采取行动来解决这个问题，比如鼓励生育、改善儿童和老年人的福利、改善教育和就业市场。根据“take”可知，take action意为”采取行动“。故填action。
沙坪坝区中考一模
China has many robots（机器人）now and you can often see them in some places. You can find some robot ___49___ (work). Some robots can help you do housework, and some can play with you.
My friend Tasuku ___50___ (have) a restaurant in China. It’s next to a shop. He buys ___51___ [twelv] robots for the restaurant. It is not big ___52___ very popular（受欢迎的）.
Now more and more people come here for ___53___ ['din ].
The robots have different jobs in the restaurant. Three robots cook different ___54___ of food. One orders meals. Two clean the desks and the others give food ___55___ the customers（顾客）. The robots are ___56___ ['klev ], too. They can say hello to people in English. Tasuku likes ___57___ (they) very much. And he knows robots very ____58____ (good). He thinks in the future（在将来）, lots of robots can help more and more restaurants.
【答案】49. workers
50. has 51. twelve
52. but 53. dinner
54. kinds 55. to
56. clever 57. them
58. well
【解析】
【导语】本文介绍了中国一家餐馆的机器人的一些情况。
【49题详解】
句意：你能发现一些机器人工人。根据“You can find some robot…”可知，此处指机器人工人，故应用名词worker“工人”，可数名词，因之前有some修饰，故名词应用复数形式。故填workers。
【50题详解】
句意：我的朋友Tasuku在中国有一家餐馆。根据下文语境可知，此句应用一般现在时，主语“My friend Tasuku”是第三人称单数形式，故动词应用单三式。故填has。
【51题详解】
句意：他为餐馆买了十二台机器人。根据句意和音标可知，空处应是twelve“十二”，基数词。故填twelve。
【52题详解】
句意：它不大，但很受欢迎。分析空前“not big”和空后“very popular（受欢迎的）”意思可知，空处的词表示转折，故应用but“但是”来连接。故填but。
【53题详解】
句意：现在越来越多的人来这里吃饭。根据句意和音标可知，空处应是dinner“晚餐、正餐”，名词。故填dinner。
【54题详解】
句意：三个机器人烹饪不同种类的食物。different kinds of“不同种类的”，固定短语。故填kinds。
【55题详解】
句意：2个机器人擦桌子，其它的机器人把食物给顾客。give sth. to sb.“把某物给某人”，固定短语。故填to。
【56题详解】
句意：机器人也很聪明。根据句意和音标可知，空处的词应是clever“聪明的”，形容词。故填clever。
【57题详解】
句意：Tasuku非常喜欢他们。空处的词是作动词的宾语，故应用宾格代词them“他们”。故填them。
【58题详解】
句意：他非常了解机器人。分析句子结构可知，空处的词是修饰动词，故应用副词；good“好的”，形容词，对应的副词是well“好”。故填well。
实验外国语学校中考一模
Volunteering can help you make friends, learn new skills, and even feel happier and healthier. Volunteering offers help to people in need, but the benefits (益处) can be even greater for you.
Benefit 1: Volunteering connects (连接) you to others.
Volunteering allows you to connect to others. Even helping out with the smallest tasks can make a real difference ____54____ the lives of people, animals and organizations in need. Volunteering is a great way to meet new people, especially ____55____ you are a new comer. While some people are naturally outgoing, others are shy and have difficulty in ____56____ new people. Volunteering gives you the chance to practice and develop your social skills, since you are meeting regularly a group of people with common interests.
Benefit 2: Volunteering is good for your mind and ____57____.
Volunteering makes you happy. Nothing reduces stress better than a meaningful connection to another person. Working with pets and other animals can improve mood and reduce stress. Studies have found that older volunteers find ____58____ easier to do with everyday tasks. They are less likely to develop high blood pressure and have better thinking skills. Volunteering can ____59____ help reduce the risk of heart disease.
Benefit 3: Volunteering brings fun to your life.
Volunteering is a f____60____ and easy way to explore your interests. Doing meaningful and interesting volunteer work can be a relaxing escape from your daily life. Many people volunteer in order to make time for hobbies outside of work as well. For example, if you have a desk job and hope to ____61____ time outdoors, you might consider volunteering to help plant a garden, walk dogs for old people or help out at a children’s camp.
【答案】54. to 55. if##when
56. meeting
57. body 58. it
59. also 60. (f)un
61. spend
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲述了做志愿者的一些好处。
【54题详解】
句意：即使是帮助最小的任务也能对有需要的人、动物和组织的生活产生真正的影响。本题考查短语make a difference to“对……产生影响”。故填to。
【55题详解】
句意：志愿服务是认识新朋友的好方法，尤其是如果你是新来的人。结合空格前的句子可知，空格后的句子“you are a new comer.”提供了一个特定的情境或条件，从而可以引出符合语境的when或者if引导的状语从句。故填if/when。
【56题详解】
句意：还有一些人害羞，难以结识新朋友。根据前文“Volunteering is a great way to meet new people”可知，这里说的是结识新朋友有困难。根据have difficulty in doing sth可知，空格上填meeting。故填meeting。
【57题详解】
句意：志愿服务对你的身心都有好处。根据连词and前的“mind”可知，空格处应该填与“mind”相对应的单词，即body。故填body。
【58题详解】
句意：研究发现，年龄较大的志愿者更容易完成日常任务。观察句子结构可知，这里考查it作形式宾语。故填it。
【59题详解】
句意：志愿活动也有助于降低患心脏病的风险。根据“Studies have found that older volunteers find ... easier to do with everyday tasks. They are less likely to develop high blood pressure and have better thinking skills.”可知，空格处说的还是做志愿者的好处，也有助于降低患心脏病的风险。故填also。
【60题详解】
句意：志愿服务是一种乐趣。根据“Benefit 3: Volunteering brings fun to your life.”以及首字母提示可知，志愿服务是一种乐趣。故填(f)un。
【61题详解】
句意：如果你有一份办公室工作，希望花时间在户外。根据“you might consider volunteering to help plant a garden, walk dogs for old people or help out at a children’s camp.”可知，这些都是户外活动的例子。因此，空格处应该填一个动词，表示在这些活动中度过时间。而spend正是表示花费时间或金钱的动词，符合语境。故填spend。
永川区中考一模
Should we use artificial intelligence (AI，人工智能) in schools Some people may say no, but many experts think we should use it ___54___ a good way. They say AI can help us learn better.
Zheng Qinghua, president of Tongji University, said it’s important for ___55___ to use AI in education. He believed that AI could help us learn new things and get better at w___56___ we study. He also suggested that young people should improve their understanding of the knowledge created by technology.
In fact, AI has already become ____57____ and more important for teaching and learning. Zheng stressed the widespread use of different models, such as Ernie Bot, an AI chatbot (聊天机器人) developed by Baidu. It can write papers, solve science problems and do homework.
Students also used AI for their study. A survey made by online learning platform study showed that 89 percent of ___58___ had used ChatGPT to help them do homework,
However, some people worry that it may bring the problem of academic integrity (学术诚信) and bad influence on education. I____59____of simply using Al to give answers or finish homework and tests, people should focus on using AI to help students be creative and have the ability of solving real-world problems, said Zheng.
Colin Bailey, president of Queen Mary University of London, said that as ChatGPT develops fast, stopping Al from being used in schools is not the answer. Instead, we should think about how to use it safely and in the ____60____ way.
To achieve it, people around the world are working on rules to m____61____ sure AI is used in a good way. In the US, people are making a plan to protect people's rights with chatbots. China also has some interim measures for managing AI services.
【答案】54. in 55. us
56. (w)hat 57. more
58. students
59. (I)nstead
60. right 61. (m)ake
【解析】
【导语】本文介绍了大家对人工智能的看法。
【54题详解】
句意：有些人可能会说不，但许多专家认为我们应该好好利用它。根据“a good way”可知，是指以一种好的方式，应用介词in表示“用；以”。故填in。
【55题详解】
句意：同济大学校长郑庆华表示，对我们来说，在教育中使用人工智能非常重要。根据“said it’s important for...to use AI in education”可知，这里是指人工智能对于我们很重要，位于介词for后应用宾格us。故填us。
【56题详解】
句意：他认为人工智能可以帮助我们学习新事物，并在我们学习的东西上做得更好。此处是宾语从句，空处作study的宾语，应填what引导。故填(w)hat。
【57题详解】
句意：事实上，人工智能在教学和学习中已经变得越来越重要。根据“and more important”可知，是指more and more“越来越……”。故填more。
【58题详解】
句意：在线学习平台研究的一项调查显示，89%的学生使用聊天工具来帮助他们做作业。根据“Students also used AI for their study.”可知，这里是指89%的学生，应用复数名词students。故填students。
【59题详解】
句意：郑说，人们应该专注于利用人工智能来帮助学生发挥创造力，具备解决现实问题的能力，而不是简单地用人工智能来回答问题或完成作业和测试。此处是固定短语Instead of“而不是”，故填(I)nstead。
【60题详解】
句意：相反，我们应该考虑如何安全、正确地使用它。根据“how to use it safely”可知，我们应该安全并正确地使用人工智能。right“正确的”，形容词作定语。故填right。
【61题详解】
句意：为了实现这一目标，世界各地的人们正在制定规则，以确保人工智能得到良好的使用。此处是固定短语make sure“确保”，空前有动词不定式符号，动词用原形。故填(m)ake。
育才中学教育集团中考一模
Traditional Chinese Medicine is like a treasure in Chinese history. It has been a part of China ____54____ over 3,000 years ago. Long ago, Chinese doctors had smart ways to ____55____ out what was wrong with patients, like “looking, listening, asking, and feeling your pulse (脉搏)”. They also had special ways to solve health problems, like using herbs (草药) and acupuncture (针灸).
The ideas of Chinese Medicine a____56____ during the Warring States to the Han Dynasty for the first time. The Shennong Ben Cao Jing was the beginning to understand how the herbs could help us. It tells the story of an emperor who tasted hundreds of herbs. U____57____, he ate one that made him really sick. But his findings made a big ____58____ to the history of Chinese Medicine and that’s why we remember ____59____ as “Shennong” or the God of Medicine. This book records 365 plants, and a lot of them are used in medical treatment even until today.
In the 1970s, people around the world started to regard Chinese acupuncture as a real way to help with health. In 2020, when COVID-19 was causing big trouble, Chinese Medicine also played an important role in treatment during the hard time ____60____ it helps people without any side effects (副作用). More people everywhere are taking interest in Chinese Medicine. They’re using it a中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
6年（2019-2024）中考英语真题加9套模拟试题分项汇编（重庆专用）
专题07 短文填空(原卷版)
一、2024年
【2024年A卷】
“Do you get enough sleep ” The answer is probably no if you ask a tired student who is always taking a nap (小睡) on a classroom desk. “I couldn’t get to sleep and experienced a restless night again.” You may often hear such words from an adult. Not having enough ____74____ is a common problem around the world.
However, sleep is just like food and water to us. ____75____ of us can live if we don’t sleep at all. Sleep experts say that an adult requires 7 to 9 hours of sleep a night and a teenager needs 8.5 to 9.5 hours. Anything less could be h____76____ to our health.
According to a study, sleeping only five hours a night for a week is like having a blood-alcohol (酒精) level of 0.1 percent. That is above the safe driving limit (限制) in most countries. Most people probably wouldn’t take an exam or go to work if they get drunk. But ____77____ enough sleep, they still do these things. As a result, they ____78____ in the exams or perform badly at work. What’s worse, doctors and nurses often work long hours. When they are sleepy, they might hurt a patient or even ____79____ a patient’s death by accident.
____80____ sleep is so important, many people these days are not getting enough. In a survey, twenty percent say that daytime sleepiness influences their daily work. They feel it hard to pay full attention during the day. However, they don’t seem to care. Some even show off how energetic they can be the next day just with little sleep. It may be time to wake up and ____81____ the way we think. We should realize that not sleeping enough is a serious problem.
【2024年B卷】
In the world that we are creating very quickly, we’re going to see more and more things that look like science fiction, and fewer and fewer things that look like jobs. For example, our cars are very quickly going to start driving ___74___. That means we’re going to need fewer drivers. At the same time, there might be some new kinds of ___75___ in the future. Let’s have a look at some of them.
Robots will become more common in our homes and schools, so we’ll need people who know ___76___ to fix them. These workers will be like robot doctors, finding out what’s wrong with a robot and helping it get better.
Imagine going on vacation to space! In the future, more people might be interested in space travel, so we might need g___77___ who can show tourists around the stars and planets.
As AI (人工智能) is developing fast, we’ll need people to check that it works properly. We call these people AI rule keepers. They will make ___78___ that AI won’t do anything harmful to humans.
School might look different in the future, with lessons designed just for you. Then we’ll need p___79___ learning planners. These planners would create special learning plans ___80___ each student, so that everyone could get what they need to succeed.
These are just a few examples of the jobs we might have in the future. The best way to get ready for these future jobs is to be open to new ideas and never ___81___ learning. Knowledge will remain important, and problem solving and critical (批判性的) thinking skills will be needed for our future education and work.
二、2023年
【2023年A卷】
短文综合填空
根据下面短文内容及部分首字母提示，在短文的空格处填上一个最恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。请将完整的单词填写在答题卡上对应的位置。
After exercising, the first thing that you want to do is to drink up a glass of cold water. When the water travels down your throat, you will 54 so good. However, you are often told not to do so. Is drinking 55 water really unhealthy
Cold water is said to slow down a person’s digestion(消化). Having cold water or a cold drink makes your body’s temperature l 56 . Cold water causes your blood vessels (血管) to become narrower (更狭窄的). So, the body needs to burn energy to bring your 57 back to normal. At the same time, less energy is used for digestion.
Think of your digestive system as a burning pot. If someone suddenly poured cold water into this pot what would 58 Doing this would be dangerous. Similarly, when you drink cold water while eating, it is 59 adding water to a burning pot. Of course, it isn’t that bad, but it is a good way to explain why drinking cold water during meals maybe a bad idea. 60 you cannot control your urge(冲动) to do so, drinking water at room temperature is a better choice.
Traditional Chinese medicine suggests trying to avoid drinking cold water. And modern studies in Europe point out drinking cold water causes headaches. Scientists are doing more research on this. Maybe in the future t 61 can give us more helpful information.
【2023年B卷】
短文综合填空
根据下面短文内容及部分首字母提示，在短文的空格处填上一个最恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺，并将完整的单词填写在答题卡上对应的位置。
Many successful people follow a similar routine (常规). This helps them make the best use of their days. This also helps sleep well at night. One of the most important things successful people do is to get ready for the next day the night before. Let’s see 54 they do that.
Learn to relax
Successful people say it is important to relax. Some enjoy listening to music, w 55 others like taking a bath before going to bed. Studies show that a 15-minute bath an hour or two before bedtime helps them sleep better. Sleeping well tonight means a good day tomorrow.
Put the phone down
Studies show that the blue light from a phone is bad for our sleep. Successful people c 56 their phone use. They don’t sleep with their phones nearby. They put phones away an hour 57 bedtime and they use an alarm clock to wake up.
Think about today
Before sleep, it helps to think about the day. Many 58 people think about the good things from the day. This helps them to learn and to change. It also 59 them to make a plan for a good (perhaps even better) day tomorrow.
Make a 60
Many successful people make plans for their activities the next day. It helps them sleep well. This is important because sleeping b 61 sometimes makes everything seem worse the next day. Making plans also helps them wake up relaxed, happy and ready for the new day.
三、2022年
【2022年A卷】
短文语境提示填空
根据下面短文内容，在短文的空格处填上一个最恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。
Miss Wang recently had a worrying experience.
One morning, just as she arrived at her 54 , Wang noticed some missed calls from her mother. “It must be something very important,” she thought to herself.
Right away, she called her mother 55 quite worriedly. To her surprise, Wang found her mother only wanted her charger (充电器), which Wang took to the office by mistake.
When Wang hurried home from her office, she found her mother’s 56 was still 70% charged. And her mother was worried that it would run out of power as she continued using it.
Now Wang realizes the seriousness of the problem. Her mother 57 eight hours a day playing games, reading news and watching short videos online. And her mother has problems like poor eyesight, headache and so on.
This story is not special and Wang’s mother is not 58 . She is just one in a growing population of the old who lose themselves in playing with phones. As the old have 59 chances to join in social activities, a smart phone is the best way to kill time.
But too much time on phone can cause many problems. “Be careful when using your phones, 60 you will be easily fooled!” Although the old are always warned like this, online frauds (欺骗) still happen to them. Now there are more family problems. Action should be taken.
For the old, they should control their screen time and get enough rest. The young, for their part, should often visit the old, and help them learn more about online safety so that they can 61 themselves. Also, the young can do more activities with the old like talking, walking and traveling, or encourage them to learn something at the universities for the aged.
【2022年B卷】
短文语境提示填空
根据下面短文内容，在短文的空格处填上一个最恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。
As students, you should study hard. More importantly, you should study in a smart way. Try these methods below.
Spaced Repetition
According to Ebbinghaus, you’ll 54 easily if you don’t review in time. After you read your study material for the first time, you’d better come back to it 6 hours later, then 24 hours later, 3 days later, 7 days later or even 14 days later and above. Repeat it 55 least 5 times, and you can almost remember everything.
Jim Kwik's Technique(方法)
According to Jim Kwik, an expert on reading and the memory, the key to understanding your reading material is to ask question. You can put a line down the 56 of a piece of paper. On the left, take notes of key information,while on the right, write down 3 kinds of questions—how, when and why. Among the questions, the most important 57 is how you can use the key information. Connect it with the knowledge you’ve 58 known. And think about what real life problems you can solve by using it. This helps to keep the information your mind.
The Feynman Technique
Studies show students can understand what they’ve learned better when they 59 someone else. The Feynman technique includes 4 basic steps. First, study. Second, teach what you’ve just learned to someone with zero knowledge of the subject in 60 words. Third, find out which parts you can explain well and which parts you can’t. Go back to the book and try to understand the topic once again. Fourth, repeat the steps above 61 you can explain the topic without looking at the book.
四、2021年
【2021年A卷】
九、短文填空
A study has been done at a university. Scientists divided a class into two groups. They made each group take notes 54． different ways. The first group took notes by hand. The second one did it on the computer. The 55． of the study was to find out which method would help the students learn better. The scientists thought Group Two would win. But to their surprise, Group One did a better job. Since you take notes by hand, stick to it!
Good notes can 56． to less stress（压力）when test time comes around. Then how can you improve your note-taking skill The following advice can help you.
Firstly, try to get yourself ready 57． class begins. Be familiar（熟悉的）with the material that you are going to learn. Make sure you have your notebooks and pens on the desk.
Secondly, take notes wisely while listening in class. Many students become 58． taking notes and they may fail to follow the teacher. So it is important to know when to take notes. And remember to write down the key words and use shorthand（速记法） if necessary.
Thirdly, check your notes after class. You can add some details（细节）yourself first. If there is still something missing, compare your notes with 59．. Do it with those who take notes carefully. These checks will also 60． your chances of understanding what you’ve written.
Try the advice above. When you can take notes 61． than before, you will find your lessons easier and more enjoyable.
【2021年B卷】
十、短文填空
Nowadays we often work as a team. By leading a group of people can be difficult. People want team leaders they can trust. Would you like to be a good leader Here’s some 54． for you.
Ask to know your team
Learn about each person on your team. You can’t be a successful leader 55． you know your team. Be a “learner” instead of a “knower” as you don’t have all of the answers. Try to get close to them by 56． questions. For example as you pass someone, you can ask, “Hi! Do you enjoy doing these projects ” or “Do you have any ideas about how to do it better ”
Talk to your team
Be as active as you can when you stay with your team. It’s a good practice to talk 57． with everyone on your team. Tell them what you’re thinking about and what new projects you’re considering. The more you talk to them, the more comfortable they will feel when they give you their opinions.
58． to your team
Let your team feel you’re a good listener. Whenever they have problems at work or at home, listen to what they want to say. Be patient and 59． trying to interrupt（打断）them. Make your team feel they can talk to you. Care about your team.
Show your team you care about them as 60． are friends. People will work harder for their leaders if they feel they are really cared about. If someone comes to you 61． a problem, always be ready to help. That will make your team trust and respect you more.
五、【2020年A卷】
根据下面短文内容，在短文的空格处填上一个恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。
We all want to live the life we dream of. However, at times, some negative (消极的) ideas may stop us. Hope the following suggestions can help to ignore those54． and go ahead.
Do What We Can Control
One thing we can control is doing what we can—eating healthily, exercising, reading and getting enough sleep. Doing the right things can help55． to achieve the most happiness. Also, it can make us move on in the56．direction. However, we should also accept that there are many things we can't control.
Take Calculated (预料到的) Risks
Success doesn't come57．risks. We all have to take risks in life, but try to make sure those risks are calculated. For example, you are working at a job that you hate, and you are dreaming of giving it up and 58． your own business. The thought is a start. But one day, you can't stand your job any more, so you leave it even though you haven't really had a plan. This is such a big risk that it will probably make you59．want to take a risk again. So just start with a small risk.
Don't Be Afraid of Failure
Thomas Edison is one of the greatest inventors in history. However, he60．many times. Did you know Edison created an electric pen A ghost machine Probably not. Well, that's because they were complete failures. But those failures put him one step61．to success. Think of failures as milestones (里程碑) towards success.
【2020年B卷】
It's normal for the human mind to wander(走神). So many things may fill your mind and pull your thoughts in different directions. This isn't always 54．. Sometimes a wandering mind can lead to a new creation. However, wandering thoughts can also stop you 55． getting things done, keep you up at night, or hurt your health. Don't worry. Try the following practice.
Doing Exercise and Activities
Slow down and let your mind focus(专注) on your breathing. By controlling your breathing, you bring your 56． to work together with your body. Once you lose interest in what you’re doing, you can take a break from it. Go for a walk, do some exercise, take a shower or even lie down and think about57．. These activities help a lot.
Focusing on Tasks You're Doing
Do one task at a time, it won't slow you down. Instead, it keeps your mind focused and you’ll be able to get more done 58．. While doing tasks, don't look around from time to time. If there's something keeping your mind wandering, allow yourself a specific(特定的）time to worry, think or plan. 59． the time is up, refocus on your next task.
Controlling Worrying Thoughts
Writing down or sharing your worries helps to get them out of your head. When there's a big task, it's understandable to put it off. But by 60． it bravely and trying to solve it, you can get away from your worrying thoughts. If it doesn't work after you've tried everything, 61．that there are always things you can't change.
六、【2019年A卷】
VIII. 短文填空。（每空2分，共16分）
根据下面短文内容，在短文的空格处填上一个恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。
I recently turned 30. Thinking back what I’ve experienced, I took some time to write myself some advice.
Trust
Even if it kills your relationship. Even if you lose your friends. Even if it means you end up getting hurt. __74__ people even if they give you a reason not to.
But don’t be too naive(幼稚). Some people are out to hurt you.
People
People are the best and __75__ thing that will happen to you. Some will help you go further and faster. Others will pull you down to their level and make you lose.
Most are OK. Many are average. Some are excellent. You don’t need a lot of people or friends around you. You need amazing people who help you just __76__ you help them. Only a few people will change your life forever. Find __77__.
Value time
Don’t waste time on people who cheat you.
Value other people’s __78__. Don’t be late. That means that if you’re late, you don’t care about them or their time. And that also means you think you’re worth more and therefore(因此) keep them __79__. Some people will tell you that it’s OK to be late. It’s not.
Fail
Fail. Fail a lot. Fail often. Fail in making friends. Fail in work. __80__ please don’t lose your heart! Learn a lesson.
If you don’t learn something when you fail, then all you’ve done is failed. If you learn something, then you’ve grown. Every time you grow and fail and learn, you become better at finding out the way to __81__.
【2019年B卷】
短文填空。
根据下面短文内容，在短文的空格处填上一个恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。
You’ve been here in China for a few days, and you may notice that Chinese people can sometimes be very direct. But don’t be fooled into thinking you can___54___anything you like to them. Here are a few things foreigners____55____China should never say.
Have you been on vacation You look so tanned (晒黑的)!
While many people in the West grow up with the idea that dark skin is a sign of beauty, this is not true in China. That explains___56___umbrellas are just as common on sunny days as they are on rainy days here.
I really love China, but…
Don’t finish that___57___. No place can be perfect. It’s fine if you say something impolite about your___58___country, but don’t do it about someone else’s. This doesn’t just happen in China, but it’s fair to say the Chinese people show more love to their country.
I think Chinese food is the best food in the world.
What’s that As everyone in China should already know this, saying that you love Chinese food is like saying that sugar is___59___or ice is cold. It’s won’t hurt anybody, but they may think you know___60___about their food culture. Since there are many different kinds of Chinese food, it sounds better to talk about the local food that you like most.
Keep them in mind and___61___your stay in China!
k12联盟中考一模
There are lots of successful people all ____54____ the world. Different people have different opinions about their success. Once a successful businessman was invited to a TV interview. Everybody couldn’t wait to hear the secrets of his great achievements. ____55____, he only said with a smile, “Won’t it be better for me to ask you for your ideas on a certain problem ”
All the people were listening to him carefully. Here was his problem. He said, “People all r____56____ to the place where a gold mine (矿) had just been discovered. But when they got there, they found they were stopped by a river in front of it. They had to cross the river if they wanted to get to the gold mine. ____57____ would you do if you were among them ”
“Make another way,” someone suggested. “Swim across the river,” said ____58____. The businessman smiled without saying a word. Finally, he gave his idea. “Why not do something different instead of rushing to the mine How about buying a boat to offer the ferry (渡船) service ” The listeners were all s____59____ at his idea. He then explained calmly. The man who bought the boat could make a lot of money by taking the passengers to the other bank of the river. They would like to pay for the ferry because there was gold across from the bank.
Do what the others ____60____ thought of or do something that others have never tried before — that is a key to success.
A different situation, in the eyes of a wise man, often means a chance of ____61____.
巴蜀中学校中考一模
Sailing (帆船运动) is great exercise, and many people all over the world sail each year. With some lessons and practice, you could be one of them. Here’s how to get started for sailing a boat.
Understand the ____54____
When you’re starting out in sailing, learn the basics first. You should begin on a small boat made for kids. Like any sailboat, it simply ____55____ like this. The sailor uses the sail (帆) to catch the wind and push the boat forward, and moves the rudder (舵) in order to direct the boat where they want it to go.
Find sailing clubs near you
The most important lesson you can learn in sailing is how to do it safely ____56____ the help of experienced sailing coaches. First, find sailing clubs and search for youth lessons near you. Then ask your parents to call the clubs to find out what lessons they have for kids in ____57____ age group.
Prepare for your lessons
As a beginner, your lessons will start on l____58____ instead of in water. You’ll learn skills, like how to raise the sails by pulling on the lines. The lessons should also provide most of what you need to sail. It includes the boat and a life vest (救生衣). Ask what type of shoes you should wear, and dress in clothes that will dry q____59____.
Stay safe
Remember to always ____60____ your life vest in or near water, even when you’re on the dock (码头). Don’t take one boat out ____61____ your coaches agree, and never sail or swim alone.
第一中学中考一模
It is 11 p. m. After doing homework for the whole night, you feel tired and sleepy. But there are still some unfinished tasks in front of you. You realize it’s d____54____ to finish all of them tonight. How you wish to have more than 24 hours each day! But it’s impossible, so what you need to do is to learn to manage your time well. Now, here are some tips for you.
Prioritize (优先次序) your tasks
Make a list of things you have to do and put them in ____55____ of importance. For example, look at your daily tasks and decide which are:
★Important and urgent (紧急的): Do these tasks right away.
★Important but not urgent: Decide when to do these tasks.
★Urgent but not important: Put the tasks in the last order or give ____56____ up if possible.
Set a time limit (限制) to each task
Decide how much time you need for each task. This can help you finish it more effectively. To keep your eyes on your work, you need a time limit ____57____ it will stop you from wasting time doing other things. For the students who are sluggish (拖沓的), setting a time reminder a little ____58____ is useful. For example, if you plan to finish your task at 8:00, you’d better set the reminder at 7:50. The sense of urgency may push you to finish it on time.
Take a break between tasks
When doing a lot of tasks ____59____ a break, it is harder to stay focused and inspired. You must rest your eyes and clear your mind. No matter how busy you are, at least ten minutes should be g____60____ to yourself to relax after you finish one task.
Time is like the water in a river. It runs away and never ____61____. You should cherish your time and never hope it can get longer. Embrace each moment and make the most of the time you have.
綦江区赶水中学中考一模
It is reported that there were only 9.02 million newborn babies in China in 2023, and the population growth rate (率) is -1.48‰.
China has one of the ____54____ populations in the world, but its birth rate has continued to go down in recent years. This has caused a great deal of attention. Then what will be the influence of a falling birth rate
First, it will lead to an aging population. China’s elderly population is growing fast as people live longer and the birth rate falls. This will ____55____ more problems to the government and society. The government needs to put in more money to meet the medical, old-age care and other needs of the elderly, which will lead to more pressure. ____56____, the aging population will also lead to labor shortages (劳动力短缺), which may have influence on China’s economic (经济的) growth.
Second, it will make a difference ____57____ families. In a traditional Chinese family, children are the h____58____ of family. However, this idea is c____59____ now. More and more people prefer to have fewer children, and some even don’t want to have children. This will influence the stability (稳定) of families.
Finally, it will influence the development of our society, especially education and employment (就业). ___60___ the population falls, schools and businesses will be short of talent. This could lead to increased competition in the education and job markets and influence the stability of society and China’s cultural, social and economic development.
Now the government and society should take ____61____ to deal with this problem, such as encouraging childbirth, improving the welfare (福利) of children and the elderly, and improving education and the job market. Only in this way can social development and stability be guaranteed (保障).
沙坪坝区中考一模
China has many robots（机器人）now and you can often see them in some places. You can find some robot ___49___ (work). Some robots can help you do housework, and some can play with you.
My friend Tasuku ___50___ (have) a restaurant in China. It’s next to a shop. He buys ___51___ [twelv] robots for the restaurant. It is not big ___52___ very popular（受欢迎的）.
Now more and more people come here for ___53___ ['din ].
The robots have different jobs in the restaurant. Three robots cook different ___54___ of food. One orders meals. Two clean the desks and the others give food ___55___ the customers（顾客）. The robots are ___56___ ['klev ], too. They can say hello to people in English. Tasuku likes ___57___ (they) very much. And he knows robots very ____58____ (good). He thinks in the future（在将来）, lots of robots can help more and more restaurants.
实验外国语学校中考一模
Volunteering can help you make friends, learn new skills, and even feel happier and healthier. Volunteering offers help to people in need, but the benefits (益处) can be even greater for you.
Benefit 1: Volunteering connects (连接) you to others.
Volunteering allows you to connect to others. Even helping out with the smallest tasks can make a real difference ____54____ the lives of people, animals and organizations in need. Volunteering is a great way to meet new people, especially ____55____ you are a new comer. While some people are naturally outgoing, others are shy and have difficulty in ____56____ new people. Volunteering gives you the chance to practice and develop your social skills, since you are meeting regularly a group of people with common interests.
Benefit 2: Volunteering is good for your mind and ____57____.
Volunteering makes you happy. Nothing reduces stress better than a meaningful connection to another person. Working with pets and other animals can improve mood and reduce stress. Studies have found that older volunteers find ____58____ easier to do with everyday tasks. They are less likely to develop high blood pressure and have better thinking skills. Volunteering can ____59____ help reduce the risk of heart disease.
Benefit 3: Volunteering brings fun to your life.
Volunteering is a f____60____ and easy way to explore your interests. Doing meaningful and interesting volunteer work can be a relaxing escape from your daily life. Many people volunteer in order to make time for hobbies outside of work as well. For example, if you have a desk job and hope to ____61____ time outdoors, you might consider volunteering to help plant a garden, walk dogs for old people or help out at a children’s camp.
永川区中考一模
Should we use artificial intelligence (AI，人工智能) in schools Some people may say no, but many experts think we should use it ___54___ a good way. They say AI can help us learn better.
Zheng Qinghua, president of Tongji University, said it’s important for ___55___ to use AI in education. He believed that AI could help us learn new things and get better at w___56___ we study. He also suggested that young people should improve their understanding of the knowledge created by technology.
In fact, AI has already become ____57____ and more important for teaching and learning. Zheng stressed the widespread use of different models, such as Ernie Bot, an AI chatbot (聊天机器人) developed by Baidu. It can write papers, solve science problems and do homework.
Students also used AI for their study. A survey made by online learning platform study showed that 89 percent of ___58___ had used ChatGPT to help them do homework,
However, some people worry that it may bring the problem of academic integrity (学术诚信) and bad influence on education. I____59____of simply using Al to give answers or finish homework and tests, people should focus on using AI to help students be creative and have the ability of solving real-world problems, said Zheng.
Colin Bailey, president of Queen Mary University of London, said that as ChatGPT develops fast, stopping Al from being used in schools is not the answer. Instead, we should think about how to use it safely and in the ____60____ way.
To achieve it, people around the world are working on rules to m____61____ sure AI is used in a good way. In the US, people are making a plan to protect people's rights with chatbots. China also has some interim measures for managing AI services.
育才中学教育集团中考一模
Traditional Chinese Medicine is like a treasure in Chinese history. It has been a part of China ____54____ over 3,000 years ago. Long ago, Chinese doctors had smart ways to ____55____ out what was wrong with patients, like “looking, listening, asking, and feeling your pulse (脉搏)”. They also had special ways to solve health problems, like using herbs (草药) and acupuncture (针灸).
The ideas of Chinese Medicine a____56____ during the Warring States to the Han Dynasty for the first time. The Shennong Ben Cao Jing was the beginning to understand how the herbs could help us. It tells the story of an emperor who tasted hundreds of herbs. U____57____, he ate one that made him really sick. But his findings made a big ____58____ to the history of Chinese Medicine and that’s why we remember ____59____ as “Shennong” or the God of Medicine. This book records 365 plants, and a lot of them are used in medical treatment even until today.
In the 1970s, people around the world started to regard Chinese acupuncture as a real way to help with health. In 2020, when COVID-19 was causing big trouble, Chinese Medicine also played an important role in treatment during the hard time ____60____ it helps people without any side effects (副作用). More people everywhere are taking interest in Chinese Medicine. They’re using it and learning about it. With China getting ____61____, Traditional Chinese Medicine is expected to be a shining star in the world of health.
忠县后乡片区十校联考中考一模
Last weekend, I went to the local ____74____ with my family. We wanted to find a book that I could read for my English class. The library was ____75____ with people of all ages. There were children looking at picture books, teenagers browsing through magazines, and adults reading newspapers.
We decided to ____76____ to the second floor where the English books were. As we were walking up the stairs, we saw a woman standing at the top. She was h____77____ a sign that said, “Welcome to the English Book Club.” We learned that they were ____78____ a meeting that afternoon and we were welcomed to join. I thought it was a great opportunity to ____79____ new friends and improve my English. So, I decided to stay for the meeting. We talked about a book we had all read and shared our o_____80_____. It was a very wonderful ____81____.
After the meeting, I found the perfect book for my class and made some new friends too. I will definitely go back to the library and join more book club meetings in the future.
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
