河北省2024-2025学年高三上学期省级联测考试 英语（含解析）
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| 名称 | 河北省2024-2025学年高三上学期省级联测考试 英语（含解析） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-10-08 16:19:44 | ||
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绝密★启用前
2024—2025高三省级联测考试
英语试卷
班级________ 姓名________
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的学校、班级、姓名及考号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt
A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是C。
1. When will the speakers meet at the library
A. At 6 p. m. B. At 7 p. m. C. At 9 a. m.
2. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. In a grocery. B. In a gallery. C. In a bookstore.
3. What do the speakers think of Dave Thomas
A. He is qualified for school president.
B. He is knowledgeable about subjects.
C. He is good at making speeches.
4. Who will give a speech about water pollution
A. Dr. Jack. B. Professor Green. C. Engineer Davis.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. Unique machines. B. AI arts exhibit. C. Creative ideas.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6 What did the man say in his presentation
A. There is a lack of attention on art.
B. Students need a theater to play in.
C. The school theater should be open.
7. What does the man expect the government to do
A. Open more music schools.
B. Treat arts like math or reading.
C. Invest more money in science.
听第7 段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Where are the speakers now
A. At home. B. In a lab. C. In a restaurant.
9. What does the woman choose at last
A. Fried insects. B. Steak. C. Fish.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What does the woman first check about the Maui dolphin
A. Its behavior. B. Its habitat. C. Its length.
11. What is the population of the Maui dolphins now
A. Less than 50. B. More than 100. C. About 500.
12. What are Maui dolphins like
A. Dangerous. B. Sociable. C. Competitive.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Why does the man make the call
A. To find a good job. B. To join a club. C. To become a volunteer.
14. What may the man get involved in
A. Buying books from the town library.
B. Collecting books for the village library.
C. Managing the village library.
15. What is the man assigned to do at the lunch club
A. Cook the food. B. Transport the old. C. Act as a waiter.
16. What will the man do to help Mr. Selsbury
A. Send him to the hospital. B. Decorate his kitchen. C. Weed his garden.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What will the trainees be told on Sept. 13
A. Changes of training places.
B. Participants for each session.
C. Periods for each session.
18. What are trainees required to do in advance
A. Buy the specified materials.
B. Do some preparation exercises.
C. Complete the task of printing.
19. What does the speaker want to know from the questionnaire
A. The performance of the new company.
B. The responsibility of the training manager.
C The complaints of students about the sessions.
20. Why are people reminded to check the noticeboard
A. To learn about some feedback.
B. To keep themselves well informed.
C. To get information about emails.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Summer 2024 Best Practices in University Teaching Workshop
Description
The Center for Teaching Excellence and Innovation is pleased to offer Best Practices in University Teaching, a multi-day workshop for Johns Hopkins faculty (教职员工).
This is a great opportunity for new faculty who are interested in learning about evidence-based teaching practices but is open to all Johns Hopkins faculty and lecturers from any discipline. External university colleagues are also welcome to attend.
A Certificate of Completion can be earned by all participants who complete the workshop deliverable, a lesson plan for a new or existing course. While earning the Certificate of Completion is not required for participation in the workshop, it is encouraged to get the most of out of your time with us.
Schedule
Monday, July 15, 9 — 11 a. m. Course Design
Tuesday, July 16, 9 — 11 a. m. Assessment
Wednesday, July 17, 9 — 11 a. m. Evidence-Based Teaching Strategies
Thursday, July 18, 9 — 11 a. m. Inclusive Education
Friday, July 19, 9 — 10 a. m. Grading and Evaluation Strategies
Friday, July 19, 10 — 11 a. m. Classroom Communication
Tuition Remission Information
Full-time, benefits-qualified Johns Hopkins employees may submit for 100% tuition remission (减免), and this does not check off from the annual $5,250 allotment (配额) for credit courses. You are qualified for tuition remission once you have completed 120 days of full-time employment as long as you are Johns Hopkins faculty or staff and continue in a full-time position. You will need to fill out the form in order to receive the tuition benefits.
Payment or the tuition remission form must be received to secure your seat in the workshop.
1. What will participants learn at the workshop
A. How to discipline learners. B. How to develop interest in teaching.
C. How to base lectures on evidence. D. How to be excellent at practices.
2. How can a participant get a Certificate of Completion
A. By having credit courses. B. By filling out a form in advance.
C. By working full-time for 120 days. D. By making a teaching plan for a course.
3. What will be taught at 9 a. m. on Friday
A. Course Design. B. Assessment.
C. Classroom Communication. D. Grading and Evaluation Strategies.
B
Not so long ago, I was admiring online a pair of floral bib overalls (印花工装裤) that were way out of my price range and felt it, frankly, quite expensive for a person who buys most of her clothing from second-hand stores.
They were made by a company I admire because it uses actual, real-life women in its ads. I’ve admired this particular pair of overalls for a long time, knowing I would never be willing to spend the money on them.
One afternoon, I posted the following on the Internet, along with a photo just for fun: “I mean I already have dreams of becoming a Fargo Trading Co. model because those ladies rock, but if they would pay me with these overalls, I would be set for life.”
It was a fun post, not meant to accomplish anything except acknowledging that I like gardening overalls. I figured that would be the end of the story, until I was checking my email that evening and saw one that gave me pause: “Bill has sent you an e-gift card for (insert dollar amount of overalls here) from Fargo Trading Co.”
I called my dad, whose name is Bill and thanked him for the gift. But it turned out that this Bill was not my dad, but a complete stranger. I reread the email, and figured out the mystery gifter had chosen to use a cryptonym. I sent the company an email of thanks and told them that their generosity was an encouragement to my heart.
I like to tell the story because it reminds me that generosity doesn’t come with a price tag. It doesn’t cost money to speak into someone’s life; buying a cup of coffee can be relatively inexpensive; passing along plants from your garden is basically free. It is your reminder to be like “Bill”. Go and do that thing today. You never know who might need it.
4. What do we know about the author
A. She collects overalls. B. She is short of money.
C. She wants to be a model. D. She owns a second-hand store.
5. What does the author want to do through her post
A. Express her great ambition. B. Make a joke on the overalls.
C. Show her love for the overalls. D. Find someone to give her a gift.
6. What is the probable meaning of the underlined word “cryptonym” in Paragraph 5
A. False name. B. Paper card. C. New overall. D. Real address.
7. What idea does the author want to convey through the story
A. Generosity can start small. B. Honesty is the best policy.
C. Penny wise, pound foolish. D. One good turn deserves another.
C
Lacking money makes people focus on the present — but lacking water makes them plan for the future. The human brain is sensitive to scarcity (稀缺). Take money, for example: when people play a game that makes some players immediately wealthier or poorer, those who lose money start making decisions that result in their being better off now but worse off later. One potential explanation for this tendency is that the sense of not having enough of what we need makes it harder for us to focus and plan.
In one experiment, college students read articles about a severe water shortage or plenty of water due to increased rainfall. Those exposed to scarcity thoughts showed a heightened focus on the future, agreeing more with saving resources and planning ahead. Contrarily, those who read about a water surplus prioritized living in the present and were less concerned about saving.
Moreover, we compared attitudes in two Iranian cities, Shiraz and Yazd, which differ greatly in water availability. Residents of water-scarce Yazd valued “long-term purpose” more than those in water-abundant Shiraz.
Expanding our investigation globally, we found individuals from historically water-scarce nations tended to place a greater emphasis on saving and planning for the future. For example, in Europe, people in water-rich Iceland thought less about the future, whereas those in dry Spain thought more about the future.
Moreover, countries’ history of water scarcity seemed related to cultural differences in a way that more obvious factors didn’t. For example, income per capita (人均) did not explain differences across cultures. And although corruption (腐败) might make it hard for people to think about the future, it was not a strong predictor, either. You might guess that people think about the future more in places where they tend to live longer, but astonishingly, national life expectancy was not as strong a predictor as water scarcity.
Our work suggests that as many places dry up, global warming could reshape how people think, pushing entire communities toward more cautious, environmentally friendly, future-oriented behavior. Water scarcity could be uniquely powerful motivation for us to prepare for and respond to a warmer world.
8. What does the example of game-playing in Paragraph 1 illustrate
A. Scarcity results in shortsighted decisions. B. Game-playing needs a higher focus.
C. Game players become rich overnight. D. Losing money makes us plan for the future.
9. Who might have a long-term purpose
A. People living in Shiraz. B. People in dry Spain.
C. People focusing on the past. D. People reading about water surplus.
10. What most likely accounts for cultural differences
A. Corruption. B. Income per capita.
C. A sense of water scarcity. D. National life expectancy.
11. What will water scarcity inspire people to do
A. Respond to climate change actively. B. Change our attitude toward family.
C. Make people care about community. D. Be more cautious about their relationship.
D
Perhaps artificial intelligence doesn’t have to be as scary as news reports have made it out to be.
“We’re already starting to move away from organizations like Reuters and Associated Press and things like that into more sort of niche (小众的) publications that focus on specific topics like the environment or tech. And that’s been happening for a couple of years now. And I think it’ll continue to happen,” reporter Hilton said.
So how is the rise of digital platforms impacting traditional journalism
How can journalists respond to the challenges that arise with new technologies such as AI-generated content “There will be certain teams or even departments that will check to see timestamps, check the geographic information and things like that,” reporter Heneghan said.
How would journalists be able to call out fake (伪造的) videos Hilton said fake news reports require journalists to be more cautious and that makes for better journalism. “We’re learning new skills in order to make sure that we’re doing our part and making sure that the truth is out there,” Hilton said.
Photojournalist Shore showed a photo of a penguin in a desert and pointed to a label in the corner of the photo. He explained that you can identify an unedited photo because every detail from the moment the photo was taken to any changes made afterward is recorded in protected layers that can be read.
When asked whether artificial intelligence would take over the jobs of journalists, Hilton said, “It will take away a lot of the donkey work that journalists have to do. Once those tasks are automated, journalists can pursue more substantive (实质性的) stories. Artificial intelligence would not replace journalism. I don’t think AI is going to make us jobless because we are human beings telling stories about human beings and no machine can do that.”
12. Which statement does Hilton agree with
A. Traditional journalism still takes the lead. B. AI is scary in traditional news coverage.
C. Journalism is going through huge changes. D. The focus of journalism is on digitalization.
13. What does Shore want to show us by the photo of a penguin
A. What journalists care about most. B. Who are the targets of fake news.
C. Why deepfake is too harmful. D. How people identify fake content.
14. What does Hilton stress in the last paragraph
A. AI might improve the work of journalists. B. AI will take the place of journalists.
C. AI may tell stories of human beings. D. AI will treat humans as machines.
15 What is the best title of the text
A. AI Will Pose a Threat to Journalism Soon B. The Future of News Is More Trustworthy
C. Journalism in the Future Will Be Different D. Journalists Use AI for Humanized Work
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
While doing a particularly boring task at work or home, have you ever stopped thinking about what you were doing, and started thinking about your last vacation or another event that made you happy Or do you sometimes daydream about meeting Taylor Swift or whoever is your favorite pop star instead of focusing on work ____16____ Almost everyone at some point experiences that their thoughts drift (转移) away from the task at hand to something else.
One interesting question is how mind-wandering affects our emotions. ____17____ Thinking about the sandy beaches of Hawaii instead of a crucial work email surely is not positive for work performance. On the other hand, it could be argued that mind-wandering may make us feel better in some situations. For example, when Uncle Greg is telling the same annoying story for a twelfth time at a family reunion, thinking about your favorite food may not be the worst thing. In that case, mind-wandering may help regulate negative emotions and create positive emotions in an unpleasant situation. ____18____
To clarify how mind-wandering affects emotional well-being, a team of scientists published a new meta-analysis (元分析). ____19____ It has the advantage that data from many more volunteers than in typical studies can be analyzed. This makes the results of meta-analyses particularly trustworthy. Overall, the meta-analysis results revealed a negative association between mind-wandering and emotional well-being.
____20____ First, the emotional content of the thoughts experienced during mind-wandering. When the unprompted (自发的) thoughts were negative, the effect on emotional well-being was also negative. However, when the content of the unprompted thoughts was positive, the effect on emotional well-being was also positive. Second, intentionality played a major role. If we intentionally let our minds wander, the effect on emotional well-being is more positive.
A Mind-wandering could make us feel bad.
B. More thinking occurs during mind-wandering.
C. So it prevents a larger conflict at the reunion.
D. However, two factors affected this relationship.
E. Mind-wandering can be personally embarrassing.
F. Such examples of mind-wandering are quite common.
G. It is a statistical integration of previously published studies.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Ellie Walker, a 22-year-old employee at the British grocery chain Sainsbury’s, experienced something extraordinary.
Known for her ____21____ behavior, Ellie enjoyed the daily chat with customers but never ____22____ how deeply these interactions could impact her life. It was during one of these ____23____ conversations that Ellie encountered Edwin Holmes, an 86-year-old regular ____24____. Their interaction took a turn when Edwin told Ellie about his loneliness, ____25____ that he had no one to spend Christmas with.
This ____26____ made Ellie feel sympathy for Edwin, as she couldn’t ____27____ the thought of Edwin spending the festive season ____28____. Moved by Edwin’s situation, Ellie ____29____ to extend a gesture (表示) of kindness. She invited him to join her for a Christmas meal, hoping to create a memorable and joyous _____30_____ for both of them. It was a simple _____31_____, but one that meant much for Edwin. The Christmas dinner was a special and emotional event.
Edwin _____32_____, looking neat in a suit, with a bunch of flowers in hand for Ellie. It was a moment of genuine connection, taking the usual customer-employee relationship to a different level. Ellie’s _____33_____ to Edwin was more than just a kind gesture; it was a lifeline. From that _____34_____ Christmas dinner, a beautiful friendship developed. Ellie and Edwin began meeting regularly for coffee, sharing stories and enjoying each other’s _____35_____. Their relationship, which started with casual conversations in a grocery store, had grown into a meaningful friendship.
21. A. suspicious B. friendly C. changeable D. odd
22. A. anticipated B. assessed C. required D. consulted
23. A. lengthy B. pointless C. routine D. secret
24. A. agent B. candidate C. donor D. customer
25. A. revealing B. securing C. doubting D. predicting
26. A. pressure B. discovery C. signature D. trick
27. A. block B. express C. bear D. push
28. A. abroad B. comfortably C. noisily D. alone
29. A. determined B. agreed C. begged D. hesitated
30. A. adventure B. phase C. start D. experience
31. A. mission B. act C. style D. plot
32. A. called out B. cheered up C. showed up D. settled down
33. A. solution B. invitation C. approach D. contribution
34. A. quick B. annual C. memorable D. farewell
35. A. challenge B. forgiveness C. recognition D. company
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Recently unearthed ruins of six semi-basement dwellings (民居) in Hebei Province are thought by archaeologists to be among the earliest-known “houses” in China. The dwellings, ____36____ (discovery) from the Sitai site in Shangyi County, Zhangjiakou, were from 10,400 to10,000 years ago.
Two early periods — from 10,400 to 10,000 years ago and from 9,200 to 9,000 years ago —probably represent a previously unknown type of archaeological culture, ____37____ (judge) from the unearthed pottery and stoneware.
____38____ (separate), findings of millet (粟) on site provided key clues to the origins and early development of agriculture. It took time for people who chose to settle down ____39____(develop) early-stage agriculture by improving seeds in the wild.
In the past, some older archaeological findings ____40____ (consider) to be “houses” but their true nature is still debated. For example, at the Xiaonanshan site, Raohe County, Heilongjiang Province, some ruins from 16,000 years ago were thought to be regular ____41____ (settlement).
Thanks ____42____ the Sitai site, we have the oldest example of settled dwellings in China with solid evidence. There must be even older ones somewhere else, but they await to be found.
The importance of the Sitai site can be better evaluated in a much ____43____ (big) picture of Northeast Asia. For example, in Transbaikal, ____44____ region of Siberia near Lake Baikal, similar dwellings of its time were also found. Considering other findings in Northeast China like Xiaonanshan, they might show _____45_____ the human population migrated from north to south throughout human history.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，你校将举行“校园生活”短视频大赛，介绍校园生活。请你给交换生John写一封电子邮件，邀请他参加。内容包括：
1.短视频的内容；
2.短视频的要求。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear John,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
In the golden mist of late summer, Frank and John, two inseparable friends, set off on an adventure they had particularly planned for weeks: a camping trip by the river. The air was filled with excitement as they packed their backpacks with essentials—tents, cookers, and a map, though they were confident in their knowledge of the area, having explored its boundaries since childhood.
As the sun began its fall, casting long shadows across the green landscape, they arrived at their chosen spot—a quiet bend in the river, far from civilization’s noisiness. They set up camp, and the crackling of the campfire and the gentle lapping of water against the shore were their only companions. Under a starry sky, they shared stories and dreams, unaware that their comfortable escape was about to take a dangerous turn.
The following morning, as they ventured deeper into the woods to gather firewood, the sky, which had been clear and blue, turned frightening, with heavy clouds gathering. In the distance, a low, powerful, rolling thunder echoed (回响) through the valley, a warning they should have noticed. Not frightened, they continued, their laughter now was drowned out by the growing roar(咆哮) of the river.
It happened swiftly. A wall of water, caused by the storm, rushed down the river, catching them off guard. In a heartbeat, their return path was cut off, the once familiar place was transformed into a maze (迷宫) of rushing currents and mudslides. Panic rose within them, but Frank, always the calmer of the two, remembered a survival tip from his father: “When lost or in danger, stay put if possible, assess your resources, and think reasonably.”
With the river too dangerous to cross, they came back to higher ground, seeking shelter beneath a rocky overhang. As the rain pounded down, they gathered together, their spirits dampened but not defeated. John remembered another crucial lesson: using natural resources for survival. He suggested they start a fire using dry leaves and branches they had collected before the storm and they managed to light a small flame, providing warmth and a light of hope.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The new sunrise brought new challenges and opportunities for Frank and John to prove their courage
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The next day, as hope was beginning to fade, a rescue helicopter appeared.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
听力1-5 ACACB 6-10 ABCAC 11-15 ABCBB 16-20 CBBAB
第1页/共1页
绝密★启用前
2024—2025高三省级联测考试
英语试卷
班级________ 姓名________
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的学校、班级、姓名及考号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt
A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是C。
1. When will the speakers meet at the library
A. At 6 p. m. B. At 7 p. m. C. At 9 a. m.
2. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. In a grocery. B. In a gallery. C. In a bookstore.
3. What do the speakers think of Dave Thomas
A. He is qualified for school president.
B. He is knowledgeable about subjects.
C. He is good at making speeches.
4. Who will give a speech about water pollution
A. Dr. Jack. B. Professor Green. C. Engineer Davis.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. Unique machines. B. AI arts exhibit. C. Creative ideas.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What did the man say in his presentation
A. There is a lack of attention on art.
B. Students need a theater to play in.
C. The school theater should be open.
7. What does the man expect the government to do
A. Open more music schools.
B. Treat arts like math or reading.
C. Invest more money in science.
听第7 段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Where are the speakers now
A. At home. B. In a lab. C. In a restaurant.
9. What does the woman choose at last
A. Fried insects. B. Steak. C. Fish.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What does the woman first check about the Maui dolphin
A. Its behavior. B. Its habitat. C. Its length.
11. What is the population of the Maui dolphins now
A. Less than 50. B. More than 100. C. About 500.
12. What are Maui dolphins like
A. Dangerous. B. Sociable. C. Competitive.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Why does the man make the call
A To find a good job. B. To join a club. C. To become a volunteer.
14. What may the man get involved in
A. Buying books from the town library.
B. Collecting books for the village library.
C. Managing the village library.
15. What is the man assigned to do at the lunch club
A. Cook the food. B. Transport the old. C. Act as a waiter.
16. What will the man do to help Mr. Selsbury
A. Send him to the hospital. B. Decorate his kitchen. C. Weed his garden.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What will the trainees be told on Sept. 13
A. Changes of training places.
B. Participants for each session.
C. Periods for each session.
18. What are trainees required to do in advance
A. Buy the specified materials.
B. Do some preparation exercises.
C. Complete the task of printing.
19. What does the speaker want to know from the questionnaire
A. The performance of the new company.
B. The responsibility of the training manager.
C. The complaints of students about the sessions.
20. Why are people reminded to check the noticeboard
A. To learn about some feedback.
B. To keep themselves well informed.
C. To get information about emails.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Summer 2024 Best Practices in University Teaching Workshop
Description
The Center for Teaching Excellence and Innovation is pleased to offer Best Practices in University Teaching, a multi-day workshop for Johns Hopkins faculty (教职员工).
This is a great opportunity for new faculty who are interested in learning about evidence-based teaching practices but is open to all Johns Hopkins faculty and lecturers from any discipline. External university colleagues are also welcome to attend.
A Certificate of Completion can be earned by all participants who complete the workshop deliverable, a lesson plan for a new or existing course. While earning the Certificate of Completion is not required for participation in the workshop, it is encouraged to get the most of out of your time with us.
Schedule
Monday, July 15, 9 — 11 a. m. Course Design
Tuesday, July 16, 9 — 11 a. m. Assessment
Wednesday, July 17, 9 — 11 a. m. Evidence-Based Teaching Strategies
Thursday, July 18, 9 — 11 a. m. Inclusive Education
Friday, July 19, 9 — 10 a. m. Grading and Evaluation Strategies
Friday, July 19, 10 — 11 a. m. Classroom Communication
Tuition Remission Information
Full-time, benefits-qualified Johns Hopkins employees may submit for 100% tuition remission (减免), and this does not check off from the annual $5,250 allotment (配额) for credit courses. You are qualified for tuition remission once you have completed 120 days of full-time employment as long as you are Johns Hopkins faculty or staff and continue in a full-time position. You will need to fill out the form in order to receive the tuition benefits.
Payment or the tuition remission form must be received to secure your seat in the workshop.
1. What will participants learn at the workshop
A. How to discipline learners. B. How to develop interest in teaching.
C. How to base lectures on evidence. D. How to be excellent at practices.
2. How can a participant get a Certificate of Completion
A. By having credit courses. B. By filling out a form in advance.
C. By working full-time for 120 days. D. By making a teaching plan for a course.
3. What will be taught at 9 a. m. on Friday
A. Course Design. B. Assessment.
C. Classroom Communication. D. Grading and Evaluation Strategies.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了2024年夏季由约翰斯 霍普金斯大学卓越教学与创新中心举办的“大学教学最佳实践”研讨会的相关情况。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Description部分中“This is a great opportunity for new faculty who are interested in learning about evidence-based teaching practices but is open to all Johns Hopkins faculty and lecturers from any discipline.(对于有兴趣学习循证教学实践的新教师来说，这是一个很好的机会，但对约翰霍普金斯大学所有学科的教师和讲师开放)”可知，参与者将学习如何基于证据来设计和实施教学。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Description部分中“A Certificate of Completion can be earned by all participants who complete the workshop deliverable, a lesson plan for a new or existing course.(所有完成研讨会的参与者都可以获得结业证书，完成新课程或现有课程的课程计划)”可知，获得证书的条件是设计一份教学计划。故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Schedule部分中“Friday, July 19, 9—10 a. m. Grading and Evaluation Strategies(7月19日星期五上午9点至10点：评分和评估策略)”可知，周五上午9至10点的课程是“评分和评估策略”。故选D。
B
Not so long ago, I was admiring online a pair of floral bib overalls (印花工装裤) that were way out of my price range and felt it, frankly, quite expensive for a person who buys most of her clothing from second-hand stores.
They were made by a company I admire because it uses actual, real-life women in its ads. I’ve admired this particular pair of overalls for a long time, knowing I would never be willing to spend the money on them.
One afternoon, I posted the following on the Internet, along with a photo just for fun: “I mean I already have dreams of becoming a Fargo Trading Co. model because those ladies rock, but if they would pay me with these overalls, I would be set for life.”
It was a fun post, not meant to accomplish anything except acknowledging that I like gardening overalls. I figured that would be the end of the story, until I was checking my email that evening and saw one that gave me pause: “Bill has sent you an e-gift card for (insert dollar amount of overalls here) from Fargo Trading Co.”
I called my dad, whose name is Bill and thanked him for the gift. But it turned out that this Bill was not my dad, but a complete stranger. I reread the email, and figured out the mystery gifter had chosen to use a cryptonym. I sent the company an email of thanks and told them that their generosity was an encouragement to my heart.
I like to tell the story because it reminds me that generosity doesn’t come with a price tag. It doesn’t cost money to speak into someone’s life; buying a cup of coffee can be relatively inexpensive; passing along plants from your garden is basically free. It is your reminder to be like “Bill”. Go and do that thing today. You never know who might need it.
4. What do we know about the author
A. She collects overalls. B. She is short of money.
C. She wants to be a model. D. She owns a second-hand store.
5. What does the author want to do through her post
A. Express her great ambition. B. Make a joke on the overalls.
C. Show her love for the overalls. D. Find someone to give her a gift.
6. What is the probable meaning of the underlined word “cryptonym” in Paragraph 5
A. False name. B. Paper card. C. New overall. D. Real address.
7. What idea does the author want to convey through the story
A. Generosity can start small. B. Honesty is the best policy.
C. Penny wise, pound foolish. D. One good turn deserves another.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者得到陌生人赠送的工装裤，从而懂得了慷慨的意义的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Not so long ago, I was admiring online a pair of floral bib overalls (印花工装裤) that were way out of my price range and felt it, frankly, quite expensive for a person who buys most of her clothing from second-hand stores.(不久前，我在网上欣赏了一条花兜裤，它的价格远远超出了我的承受范围，坦率地说，对于一个大部分衣服都是从二手店买的人来说，我觉得它相当贵)”可知，作者并不富裕。故选B。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“One afternoon, I posted the following on the Internet, along with a photo just for fun: “I mean I already have dreams of becoming a Fargo Trading Co. model because those ladies rock, but if they would pay me with these overalls, I would be set for life.”(一天下午，我在网上发了下面这段话，并配了一张照片，只是为了好玩：“我的意思是，我已经梦想成为法戈贸易公司的模特了，因为那些女士们太棒了，但如果他们愿意用这些工装裤支付我的工资，我就可以穿一辈子。”)”可知，作者想通过她的帖子表达她对工装裤的喜爱。故选C。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。根据上文“I called my dad, whose name is Bill and thanked him for the gift. But it turned out that this Bill was not my dad, but a complete stranger.(我打电话给我的爸爸，他的名字是比尔，并感谢他的礼物。但事实证明，这个比尔并不是我的父亲，而是一个完全陌生的人)”提到作者按照名字给父亲打了电话，发现那个名字与父亲是重名。根据上文中“mystery”以及下文“I sent the company an email of thanks and told them that their generosity was an encouragement to my heart.(我给公司发了一封感谢信，并告诉他们，他们的慷慨是对我内心的一种鼓励)”可推测，那个名字是个假名字。故划线词意思是“假名字”。故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“I like to tell the story because it reminds me that generosity doesn’t come with a price tag.(我喜欢讲这个故事，因为它提醒我，慷慨是没有代价的)”可知，作者认为慷慨没有价格标签，然后举例“It doesn’t cost money to speak into someone’s life; buying a cup of coffee can be relatively inexpensive; passing along plants from your garden is basically free.(对别人的生活说话不需要花钱；买一杯咖啡可能相对便宜;把你花园里的植物传递出去基本上是免费的)”说明小事也是慷慨。由此推知，作者认为，慷慨完全可以从小事做起。故选A。
C
Lacking money makes people focus on the present — but lacking water makes them plan for the future. The human brain is sensitive to scarcity (稀缺). Take money, for example: when people play a game that makes some players immediately wealthier or poorer, those who lose money start making decisions that result in their being better off now but worse off later. One potential explanation for this tendency is that the sense of not having enough of what we need makes it harder for us to focus and plan.
In one experiment, college students read articles about a severe water shortage or plenty of water due to increased rainfall. Those exposed to scarcity thoughts showed a heightened focus on the future, agreeing more with saving resources and planning ahead. Contrarily, those who read about a water surplus prioritized living in the present and were less concerned about saving.
Moreover, we compared attitudes in two Iranian cities, Shiraz and Yazd, which differ greatly in water availability. Residents of water-scarce Yazd valued “long-term purpose” more than those in water-abundant Shiraz.
Expanding our investigation globally, we found individuals from historically water-scarce nations tended to place a greater emphasis on saving and planning for the future. For example, in Europe, people in water-rich Iceland thought less about the future, whereas those in dry Spain thought more about the future.
Moreover, countries’ history of water scarcity seemed related to cultural differences in a way that more obvious factors didn’t. For example, income per capita (人均) did not explain differences across cultures. And although corruption (腐败) might make it hard for people to think about the future, it was not a strong predictor, either. You might guess that people think about the future more in places where they tend to live longer, but astonishingly, national life expectancy was not as strong a predictor as water scarcity.
Our work suggests that as many places dry up, global warming could reshape how people think, pushing entire communities toward more cautious, environmentally friendly, future-oriented behavior. Water scarcity could be uniquely powerful motivation for us to prepare for and respond to a warmer world.
8. What does the example of game-playing in Paragraph 1 illustrate
A. Scarcity results in shortsighted decisions. B. Game-playing needs a higher focus.
C. Game players become rich overnight. D. Losing money makes us plan for the future.
9. Who might have a long-term purpose
A. People living in Shiraz. B. People in dry Spain.
C. People focusing on the past. D. People reading about water surplus.
10. What most likely accounts for cultural differences
A. Corruption. B. Income per capita.
C. A sense of water scarcity. D. National life expectancy.
11. What will water scarcity inspire people to do
A. Respond to climate change actively. B. Change our attitude toward family.
C. Make people care about community. D. Be more cautious about their relationship.
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了资源稀缺性，特别是水资源稀缺对人类心理及行为规划的影响。文章暗示随着全球变暖导致的水资源减少，这一趋势可能促使社会整体向更加谨慎、更环保、更面向未来的方向转变，强调了水资源稀缺在驱动人类适应气候变化方面可能具有的独特影响力。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Take money, for example: when people play a game that makes some players immediately wealthier or poorer, those who lose money start making decisions that result in their being better off now but worse off later.(以金钱为例：当人们玩一款让一些玩家立即变得更富有或更贫穷的游戏时，那些输钱的人开始做出决定，结果是他们现在更富有，但以后会更糟糕)”可知，第一段中的玩游戏的例子说明了稀缺会导致目光短浅的决策。故选A。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“For example, in Europe, people in water-rich Iceland thought less about the future, whereas those in dry Spain thought more about the future.(例如，在欧洲，生活在水资源丰富的冰岛的人们很少考虑未来，而生活在干旱的西班牙的人们则更多地考虑未来)”可知，干旱地区的西班牙人有长期目标。故选B。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Expanding our investigation globally, we found individuals from historically water-scarce nations tended to place a greater emphasis on saving and planning for the future.(将我们的调查扩展到全球，我们发现，来自历史上缺水国家的个人往往更强调节约用水和为未来做计划)”和第五段“Moreover, countries’ history of water scarcity seemed related to cultural differences in a way that more obvious factors didn’t.(此外，各国水资源短缺的历史似乎与文化差异有关，而其他更明显的因素则与之无关)”可知，水资源稀缺感是解释文化差异的重要因素。故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Our work suggests that as many places dry up, global warming could reshape how people think, pushing entire communities toward more cautious, environmentally friendly, future-oriented behavior.(我们的研究表明，随着许多地方干涸，全球变暖可能会重塑人们的思维方式，促使整个社区采取更谨慎、更环保、更面向未来的行为)”可知，缺水会激励人们积极应对气候变化。故选A。
D
Perhaps artificial intelligence doesn’t have to be as scary as news reports have made it out to be.
“We’re already starting to move away from organizations like Reuters and Associated Press and things like that into more sort of niche (小众的) publications that focus on specific topics like the environment or tech. And that’s been happening for a couple of years now. And I think it’ll continue to happen,” reporter Hilton said.
So how is the rise of digital platforms impacting traditional journalism
How can journalists respond to the challenges that arise with new technologies such as AI-generated content “There will be certain teams or even departments that will check to see timestamps, check the geographic information and things like that,” reporter Heneghan said.
How would journalists be able to call out fake (伪造的) videos Hilton said fake news reports require journalists to be more cautious and that makes for better journalism. “We’re learning new skills in order to make sure that we’re doing our part and making sure that the truth is out there,” Hilton said.
Photojournalist Shore showed a photo of a penguin in a desert and pointed to a label in the corner of the photo. He explained that you can identify an unedited photo because every detail from the moment the photo was taken to any changes made afterward is recorded in protected layers that can be read.
When asked whether artificial intelligence would take over the jobs of journalists, Hilton said, “It will take away a lot of the donkey work that journalists have to do. Once those tasks are automated, journalists can pursue more substantive (实质性的) stories. Artificial intelligence would not replace journalism. I don’t think AI is going to make us jobless because we are human beings telling stories about human beings and no machine can do that.”
12. Which statement does Hilton agree with
A. Traditional journalism still takes the lead. B. AI is scary in traditional news coverage.
C. Journalism is going through huge changes. D. The focus of journalism is on digitalization.
13. What does Shore want to show us by the photo of a penguin
A. What journalists care about most. B. Who are the targets of fake news.
C. Why deepfake is too harmful. D. How people identify fake content.
14. What does Hilton stress in the last paragraph
A. AI might improve the work of journalists. B. AI will take the place of journalists.
C. AI may tell stories of human beings. D. AI will treat humans as machines.
15. What is the best title of the text
A. AI Will Pose a Threat to Journalism Soon B. The Future of News Is More Trustworthy
C Journalism in the Future Will Be Different D. Journalists Use AI for Humanized Work
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了随着数字平台和人工智能（AI）的兴起，传统新闻业的格局正在重塑，但这并不意味着对行业构成致命威胁。相反，AI被视为一种能够通过承担单调工作并提升新闻质量的工具，使记者能够专注于更深入、更有意义的报道。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段““We’re already starting to move away from organizations like Reuters and Associated Press and things like that into more sort of niche (小众的) publications that focus on specific topics like the environment or tech. And that’s been happening for a couple of years now. And I think it’ll continue to happen,” reporter Hilton said.(记者Hilton说：“我们已经开始从路透社和美联社这样的机构转向更专注于环境或科技等特定主题的利基出版物。这种情况已经发生了几年。”我认为这种情况还会继续发生。”)”可推知，Hilton认同新闻业正在经历巨大的变化。故选C。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段“He explained that you can identify an unedited photo because every detail from the moment the photo was taken to any changes made afterward is recorded in protected layers that can be read.(他解释说，你可以识别一张未经编辑的照片，因为从拍摄照片的那一刻起，到之后的任何修改，每一个细节都记录在可以读取的保护层中)”可推知，展示企鹅的照片是为了说明如何识别伪造内容。故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“It will take away a lot of the donkey work that journalists have to do. Once those tasks are automated, journalists can pursue more substantive (实质性的) stories.(这将省去很多记者不得不做的繁重工作。一旦这些任务实现自动化，记者就可以追求更实质性的报道)”可知，希尔顿在最后一段强调人工智能可能会改善记者的工作。故选A。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Perhaps artificial intelligence doesn’t have to be as scary as news reports have made it out to be.(也许人工智能并不一定像新闻报道中描述的那么可怕)”结合文章整体讨论了随着数字化平台的兴起和人工智能技术的应用，新闻行业正面临的变化，包括对抗假新闻的措施以及AI对记者工作的影响等。这些内容综合反映了新闻行业的未来将会呈现出与过去不同的面貌，因此C项“未来的新闻业会有所不同”最能概括文章主旨。故选C。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
While doing a particularly boring task at work or home, have you ever stopped thinking about what you were doing, and started thinking about your last vacation or another event that made you happy Or do you sometimes daydream about meeting Taylor Swift or whoever is your favorite pop star instead of focusing on work ____16____ Almost everyone at some point experiences that their thoughts drift (转移) away from the task at hand to something else.
One interesting question is how mind-wandering affects our emotions. ____17____ Thinking about the sandy beaches of Hawaii instead of a crucial work email surely is not positive for work performance. On the other hand, it could be argued that mind-wandering may make us feel better in some situations. For example, when Uncle Greg is telling the same annoying story for a twelfth time at a family reunion, thinking about your favorite food may not be the worst thing. In that case, mind-wandering may help regulate negative emotions and create positive emotions in an unpleasant situation. ____18____
To clarify how mind-wandering affects emotional well-being, a team of scientists published a new meta-analysis (元分析). ____19____ It has the advantage that data from many more volunteers than in typical studies can be analyzed. This makes the results of meta-analyses particularly trustworthy. Overall, the meta-analysis results revealed a negative association between mind-wandering and emotional well-being.
____20____ First, the emotional content of the thoughts experienced during mind-wandering. When the unprompted (自发的) thoughts were negative, the effect on emotional well-being was also negative. However, when the content of the unprompted thoughts was positive, the effect on emotional well-being was also positive. Second, intentionality played a major role. If we intentionally let our minds wander, the effect on emotional well-being is more positive.
A. Mind-wandering could make us feel bad.
B. More thinking occurs during mind-wandering.
C. So it prevents a larger conflict at the reunion.
D. However, two factors affected this relationship.
E. Mind-wandering can be personally embarrassing.
F. Such examples of mind-wandering are quite common.
G It is a statistical integration of previously published studies.
【答案】16. F 17. A 18. C 19. G 20. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了心不在焉如何影响以及在何种条件下影响个人的情绪状态，强调了思绪内容和行为意图在这一过程中的重要作用。
【16题详解】
根据上文“While doing a particularly boring task at work or home, have you ever stopped thinking about what you were doing, and started thinking about your last vacation or another event that made you happy Or do you sometimes daydream about meeting Taylor Swift or whoever is your favorite pop star instead of focusing on work (当你在工作或家里做一件特别无聊的事情时，你是否曾经停止思考你正在做的事情，而开始思考你上次的假期或其他让你快乐的事情？或者你有时会做白日梦，幻想着见到泰勒·斯威夫特或任何你最喜欢的流行歌星，而不是专注于工作？)”可知，日常生活中人们常常走神，如幻想度假或与喜爱的明星见面，这些都是“心不在焉”的例子。F项“这种走神的例子很常见”直接呼应了上文列举的现象，说明这些心不在焉的行为十分普遍。故选F。
【17题详解】
根据后文“Thinking about the sandy beaches of Hawaii instead of a crucial work email surely is not positive for work performance.(想想夏威夷的沙滩，而不是一封重要的工作邮件，对工作表现肯定是不利的)”说明心不在焉可能导致工作表现不佳，A项“走神会让我们感觉不好”符合上下文中对心不在焉负面影响的讨论。故选A。
【18题详解】
根据上文“For example, when Uncle Greg is telling the same annoying story for a twelfth time at a family reunion, thinking about your favorite food may not be the worst thing. In that case, mind-wandering may help regulate negative emotions and create positive emotions in an unpleasant situation.(例如，当格雷格叔叔第十二次在家庭聚会上讲同一个烦人的故事时，想想你最喜欢的食物可能并不是最糟糕的事情。在这种情况下，走神可能有助于调节消极情绪，并在不愉快的情况下创造积极情绪)”提到，在不愉快的情境中（如家庭聚会中听重复的无聊故事）心不在焉可以起到积极作用的情景，即“所以它防止了聚会上更大的冲突”。与上文所述的通过心不在焉来调节负面情绪，创造积极情绪的情境相吻合。故C选项“这样可以防止团聚时发生更大的冲突”符合语境。故选C。
【19题详解】
根据上文“To clarify how mind-wandering affects emotional well-being, a team of scientists published a new meta-analysis (元分析).(为了阐明走神是如何影响情绪健康的，一组科学家发表了一项新的元分析)”以及后文“It has the advantage that data from many more volunteers than in typical studies can be analyzed. This makes the results of meta-analyses particularly trustworthy. Overall, the meta-analysis results revealed a negative association between mind-wandering and emotional well-being.(与传统研究相比，它的优点是可以分析来自更多志愿者的数据。这使得元分析的结果特别值得信赖。总体而言，荟萃分析结果显示走神与情绪健康之间存在负相关)”可知，本句主要解释什么是元分析，即“这是一种对之前已发表研究的统计整合”，与下文提到的元分析能够分析更多数据、结果更为可靠的信息相对应，说明了元分析的特点和优势。G项“这是对以前发表的研究的统计整合”符合语语境，故选G。
20题详解】
根据后文“First, the emotional content of the thoughts experienced during mind-wandering. When the unprompted (自发的) thoughts were negative, the effect on emotional well-being was also negative. However, when the content of the unprompted thoughts was positive, the effect on emotional well-being was also positive. Second, intentionality played a major role. If we intentionally let our minds wander, the effect on emotional well-being is more positive.(首先，在走神期间所经历的思想的情感内容。当自发的想法是消极的，对情绪健康的影响也是消极的。然而，当自发想法的内容是积极的，对情绪健康的影响也是积极的。第二，意向性发挥了重要作用。如果我们有意识地让自己走神，对情绪健康的影响会更积极)”可知，本段中的“First”和“Second”可知，D项“然而，两个因素影响了这种关系”引出了影响心不在焉与情绪健康关系的两个关键因素，与下文详细阐述的两个因素（思绪内容的情感倾向和心不在焉的主动性）相匹配，起到了启示下文的作用。故选D。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Ellie Walker, a 22-year-old employee at the British grocery chain Sainsbury’s, experienced something extraordinary.
Known for her ____21____ behavior, Ellie enjoyed the daily chat with customers but never ____22____ how deeply these interactions could impact her life. It was during one of these ____23____ conversations that Ellie encountered Edwin Holmes, an 86-year-old regular ____24____. Their interaction took a turn when Edwin told Ellie about his loneliness, ____25____ that he had no one to spend Christmas with.
This ____26____ made Ellie feel sympathy for Edwin, as she couldn’t ____27____ the thought of Edwin spending the festive season ____28____. Moved by Edwin’s situation, Ellie ____29____ to extend a gesture (表示) of kindness. She invited him to join her for a Christmas meal, hoping to create a memorable and joyous _____30_____ for both of them. It was a simple _____31_____, but one that meant much for Edwin. The Christmas dinner was a special and emotional event.
Edwin _____32_____, looking neat in a suit, with a bunch of flowers in hand for Ellie. It was a moment of genuine connection, taking the usual customer-employee relationship to a different level. Ellie’s _____33_____ to Edwin was more than just a kind gesture; it was a lifeline. From that _____34_____ Christmas dinner, a beautiful friendship developed. Ellie and Edwin began meeting regularly for coffee, sharing stories and enjoying each other’s _____35_____. Their relationship, which started with casual conversations in a grocery store, had grown into a meaningful friendship.
21. A. suspicious B. friendly C. changeable D. odd
22. A. anticipated B. assessed C. required D. consulted
23. A. lengthy B. pointless C. routine D. secret
24. A. agent B. candidate C. donor D. customer
25. A. revealing B. securing C. doubting D. predicting
26. A. pressure B. discovery C. signature D. trick
27. A. block B. express C. bear D. push
28. A. abroad B. comfortably C. noisily D. alone
29. A. determined B. agreed C. begged D. hesitated
30. A. adventure B. phase C. start D. experience
31. A. mission B. act C. style D. plot
32. A. called out B. cheered up C. showed up D. settled down
33. A. solution B. invitation C. approach D. contribution
34. A. quick B. annual C. memorable D. farewell
35. A. challenge B. forgiveness C. recognition D. company
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. D 31. B 32. C 33. B 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了从杂货店里的随意交谈开始，艾莉和老顾客埃德温·霍姆斯发展了一段有意义和持久的友谊。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：埃莉以友好的行为著称，她喜欢每天和顾客聊天，但从未预料到这些互动会对她的生活产生如此深远的影响。A. suspicious怀疑的；B. friendly友好的；C. changeable可改变的；D. odd奇怪的。根据后文“Ellie enjoyed the daily chat with customers”可知，喜欢和顾客聊天说明友好。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：埃莉以友好的行为著称，她喜欢每天和顾客聊天，但从未预料到这些互动会对她的生活产生如此深远的影响。A. anticipated预期；B. assessed评估；C. required要求；D. consulted咨询。根据后文“how deeply these interactions could impact her life”可知，互动是因为友好，她没有预料到这些互动会对她的生活产生如此深远的影响。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在一次例行谈话中，艾莉遇到了86岁的老顾客埃德温·霍姆斯。A. lengthy漫长的；B. pointless毫无意义的；C. routine常规的；D. secret秘密的。根据上文“Ellie enjoyed the daily chat with customers”可知，埃莉喜欢每天和顾客聊天，所以是例行的常规聊天。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一次例行谈话中，艾莉遇到了86岁的老顾客埃德温·霍姆斯。A. agent代理人；B. candidate候选人；C. donor捐赠者；D. customer顾客。根据上文“Ellie enjoyed the daily chat with customers”可知，埃德温·霍姆斯是她的老顾客。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当埃德温告诉艾莉他的孤独时，他们的互动发生了变化，他透露没有人可以和他一起过圣诞节。A. revealing揭露；B. securing确保；C. doubting怀疑；D. predicting预测。根据后文“that he had no one to spend Christmas with”可知，埃德温透露没有人可以和他一起过圣诞节。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一发现让艾莉对埃德温产生了同情，因为她无法忍受埃德温独自度过节日。A. pressure压力；B. discovery发现；C. signature签名；D. trick诡计。上文埃德温提到透露没有人可以和他一起过圣诞节，即发现了这一情况让艾莉对埃德温产生了同情，故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这一发现让艾莉对埃德温产生了同情，因为她无法忍受埃德温独自度过节日。A. block阻塞；B. express表达；C. bear忍受；D. push推。根据后文“the thought of Edwin spending the festive season”指她无法忍受埃德温独自度过节日。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：这一发现让艾莉对埃德温产生了同情，因为她无法忍受埃德温独自度过节日。A. abroad在国外；B. comfortably舒适地；C. noisily吵闹地；D. alone单独地。根据上文“he had no one to spend Christmas with.”可知，埃德温独自度过节日。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：埃莉被埃德温的处境所感动，她决定向埃德温表示善意。A. determined决定；B. agreed同意；C. begged恳求；D. hesitated犹豫。根据后文“to extend a gesture of kindness”可知，埃莉决定向埃德温表示善意。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她邀请他和她一起吃圣诞大餐，希望为他们俩创造一个难忘而快乐的经历。A. adventure冒险；B. phase阶段；C. start开始；D. experience经历。根据上文“She invited him to join her for a Christmas meal, hoping to create a memorable and joyous”可知，邀请一起吃饭是为希望创造一个难忘而快乐的经历。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个简单的举动，但对埃德温来说意义重大。A. mission任务；B. act举动，行为；C. style风格；D. plot情节。指上文“She invited him to join her for a Christmas meal”邀请一起吃圣诞大餐的举动。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：埃德温出现了，穿着西装，看上去很整洁，手里拿着一束花送给艾莉。A. called out召唤；B. cheered up欢呼；C. showed up出现；D. settled down决定。根据后文“looking neat in a suit”可知，埃德温出现了，穿着西装，看上去很整洁，故选C。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：埃莉邀请埃德温不仅仅是一种友好的姿态；这是一条生命线。A. solution解决方案；B. invitation邀请；C. approach方法；D. contribution贡献。呼应上文“She invited him to join her for a Christmas meal”指埃莉邀请埃德温吃圣诞大餐。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从那次难忘的圣诞晚餐开始，一段美好的友谊发展了起来。A. quick快速的；B. annual年度的；C. memorable难忘的；D. farewell告别的。根据上文“more than just a kind gesture; it was a lifeline”可知，这是一次难忘的圣诞晚餐，是一条生命线。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：埃莉和埃德温开始定期见面喝咖啡，分享故事，享受彼此的陪伴。A. challenge挑战；B. forgiveness原谅；C. recognition认可；D. company陪伴。根据上文“Ellie and Edwin began meeting regularly for coffee, sharing stories and enjoying each other’s”可知，两人开始经常见面，享受彼此的陪伴。故选D。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Recently unearthed ruins of six semi-basement dwellings (民居) in Hebei Province are thought by archaeologists to be among the earliest-known “houses” in China. The dwellings, ____36____ (discovery) from the Sitai site in Shangyi County, Zhangjiakou, were from 10,400 to10,000 years ago.
Two early periods — from 10,400 to 10,000 years ago and from 9,200 to 9,000 years ago —probably represent a previously unknown type of archaeological culture, ____37____ (judge) from the unearthed pottery and stoneware.
____38____ (separate), findings of millet (粟) on site provided key clues to the origins and early development of agriculture. It took time for people who chose to settle down ____39____(develop) early-stage agriculture by improving seeds in the wild.
In the past, some older archaeological findings ____40____ (consider) to be “houses” but their true nature is still debated. For example, at the Xiaonanshan site, Raohe County, Heilongjiang Province, some ruins from 16,000 years ago were thought to be regular ____41____ (settlement).
Thanks ____42____ the Sitai site, we have the oldest example of settled dwellings in China with solid evidence. There must be even older ones somewhere else, but they await to be found.
The importance of the Sitai site can be better evaluated in a much ____43____ (big) picture of Northeast Asia. For example, in Transbaikal, ____44____ region of Siberia near Lake Baikal, similar dwellings of its time were also found. Considering other findings in Northeast China like Xiaonanshan, they might show _____45_____ the human population migrated from north to south throughout human history.
【答案】36. discovered
37. judging
38. Separately
39. to develop
40. were considered
41. settlements
42. to 43. bigger
44. a 45. how
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国河北省近期的一项重要考古发现以及这一发现的重要意义。
【36题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：这些民居是在张家口市尚义县寺台遗址发现的，距今1.04万年至1万年前。此处为非谓语动词短语作后置定语修饰dwellings，结合句意，discovery的动词discover与dwellings之间表示被动且该动作已经发生，所以此处使用过去分词形式。故填discovered。
【37题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：从出土的陶器和石器来看，两个早期时期——10400年至10000年前和9200年至9000年前——可能代表了一种以前未知的考古文化类型。此处为独立结构作状语，使用现在分词形式，judging from意为“由……来判断”符合句意。故填judging。
【38题详解】
考查副词。句意：另外，现场发现的小米(粟)为农业的起源和早期发展提供了关键线索。此处为副词作状语修饰整个句子，separate的副词为separately表示“另外”“单独来说”，句子开头首字母应大写。故填Separately。
【39题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：选择定居下来的人们花了一些时间在野外通过改良种子来发展早期农业。结合句意可知，此处应表示“为了”，所以使用不定式形式作目的状语，说明人们定居下来就是为了发展早期农业。故填to develop。
【40题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：在过去，一些更古老的考古发现被认为是“房子”，但它们的真实性质仍然存在争议。此处应为谓语动词，根据时间状语In the past可知，此处为一般过去时，findings为复数且与consider是被动关系，所以应使用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were considered。
【41题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：例如，在黑龙江省饶河县的小南山遗址，一些1.6万年前的遗址被认为是正常的定居点。此处为名词作宾语，settlement意为“居住点”，为可数名词单数，结合前面的ruins意为“废墟”是复数形式可知，这些废墟是定期的居住点，所以使用复数形式以保持名词数的一致性。故填settlements。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：多亏了四台遗址，我们有了中国最古老的定居住宅的确凿证据。此处为固定搭配thanks to意为“多亏，由于”符合句意。故填to。
【43题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：四台遗址重要性可以在东北亚更大的图景中得到更好的评估。此处为形容词作定语修饰picture，根据空前的much可知，此处应为形容词的比较级bigger，且前面的better也有提示。故填bigger。
【44题详解】
考查冠词。句意：例如，在西伯利亚贝加尔湖附近的外贝加尔湖地区，也发现了当时类似的住宅。空后的名词region为可数名词单数，其前无限定词，所以使用冠词，结合句意，此处表明Transbaikal是西伯利亚贝加尔湖附近的一个地区，是首次提及，非特指，所以应用不定冠词，region的首个音素为辅音。故填a。
【45题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：考虑到在中国东北地区如小南山的其他发现，它们可能会显示人类在整个人类历史上是如何从北向南迁移的。此处为连接词引导的宾语从句，从句中不缺主语和宾语，但句意不完整，结合句意可知，此处表明这些发现可能揭示人类是如何迁移的，关注的是迁移的方式或过程，应用链接副词how引导宾语从句。故填how。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，你校将举行“校园生活”短视频大赛，介绍校园生活。请你给交换生John写一封电子邮件，邀请他参加。内容包括：
1.短视频的内容；
2.短视频的要求。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear John,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear John,
We’re hosting a “Campus Life” video contest, and I think you are the perfect person to join in. Your video can feature academics, clubs, sports, or daily campus scenery — anything that captures the spirit of our school. It is required that your video should be in 1 — 3 mins, original and reflect your personal campus experiences. It must be submitted by next Friday.
This is a great chance to showcase your creativity and win cool prizes. Your unique perspective as an exchange student will surely stand out. Let me know if yo
2024—2025高三省级联测考试
英语试卷
班级________ 姓名________
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的学校、班级、姓名及考号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt
A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是C。
1. When will the speakers meet at the library
A. At 6 p. m. B. At 7 p. m. C. At 9 a. m.
2. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. In a grocery. B. In a gallery. C. In a bookstore.
3. What do the speakers think of Dave Thomas
A. He is qualified for school president.
B. He is knowledgeable about subjects.
C. He is good at making speeches.
4. Who will give a speech about water pollution
A. Dr. Jack. B. Professor Green. C. Engineer Davis.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. Unique machines. B. AI arts exhibit. C. Creative ideas.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6 What did the man say in his presentation
A. There is a lack of attention on art.
B. Students need a theater to play in.
C. The school theater should be open.
7. What does the man expect the government to do
A. Open more music schools.
B. Treat arts like math or reading.
C. Invest more money in science.
听第7 段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Where are the speakers now
A. At home. B. In a lab. C. In a restaurant.
9. What does the woman choose at last
A. Fried insects. B. Steak. C. Fish.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What does the woman first check about the Maui dolphin
A. Its behavior. B. Its habitat. C. Its length.
11. What is the population of the Maui dolphins now
A. Less than 50. B. More than 100. C. About 500.
12. What are Maui dolphins like
A. Dangerous. B. Sociable. C. Competitive.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Why does the man make the call
A. To find a good job. B. To join a club. C. To become a volunteer.
14. What may the man get involved in
A. Buying books from the town library.
B. Collecting books for the village library.
C. Managing the village library.
15. What is the man assigned to do at the lunch club
A. Cook the food. B. Transport the old. C. Act as a waiter.
16. What will the man do to help Mr. Selsbury
A. Send him to the hospital. B. Decorate his kitchen. C. Weed his garden.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What will the trainees be told on Sept. 13
A. Changes of training places.
B. Participants for each session.
C. Periods for each session.
18. What are trainees required to do in advance
A. Buy the specified materials.
B. Do some preparation exercises.
C. Complete the task of printing.
19. What does the speaker want to know from the questionnaire
A. The performance of the new company.
B. The responsibility of the training manager.
C The complaints of students about the sessions.
20. Why are people reminded to check the noticeboard
A. To learn about some feedback.
B. To keep themselves well informed.
C. To get information about emails.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Summer 2024 Best Practices in University Teaching Workshop
Description
The Center for Teaching Excellence and Innovation is pleased to offer Best Practices in University Teaching, a multi-day workshop for Johns Hopkins faculty (教职员工).
This is a great opportunity for new faculty who are interested in learning about evidence-based teaching practices but is open to all Johns Hopkins faculty and lecturers from any discipline. External university colleagues are also welcome to attend.
A Certificate of Completion can be earned by all participants who complete the workshop deliverable, a lesson plan for a new or existing course. While earning the Certificate of Completion is not required for participation in the workshop, it is encouraged to get the most of out of your time with us.
Schedule
Monday, July 15, 9 — 11 a. m. Course Design
Tuesday, July 16, 9 — 11 a. m. Assessment
Wednesday, July 17, 9 — 11 a. m. Evidence-Based Teaching Strategies
Thursday, July 18, 9 — 11 a. m. Inclusive Education
Friday, July 19, 9 — 10 a. m. Grading and Evaluation Strategies
Friday, July 19, 10 — 11 a. m. Classroom Communication
Tuition Remission Information
Full-time, benefits-qualified Johns Hopkins employees may submit for 100% tuition remission (减免), and this does not check off from the annual $5,250 allotment (配额) for credit courses. You are qualified for tuition remission once you have completed 120 days of full-time employment as long as you are Johns Hopkins faculty or staff and continue in a full-time position. You will need to fill out the form in order to receive the tuition benefits.
Payment or the tuition remission form must be received to secure your seat in the workshop.
1. What will participants learn at the workshop
A. How to discipline learners. B. How to develop interest in teaching.
C. How to base lectures on evidence. D. How to be excellent at practices.
2. How can a participant get a Certificate of Completion
A. By having credit courses. B. By filling out a form in advance.
C. By working full-time for 120 days. D. By making a teaching plan for a course.
3. What will be taught at 9 a. m. on Friday
A. Course Design. B. Assessment.
C. Classroom Communication. D. Grading and Evaluation Strategies.
B
Not so long ago, I was admiring online a pair of floral bib overalls (印花工装裤) that were way out of my price range and felt it, frankly, quite expensive for a person who buys most of her clothing from second-hand stores.
They were made by a company I admire because it uses actual, real-life women in its ads. I’ve admired this particular pair of overalls for a long time, knowing I would never be willing to spend the money on them.
One afternoon, I posted the following on the Internet, along with a photo just for fun: “I mean I already have dreams of becoming a Fargo Trading Co. model because those ladies rock, but if they would pay me with these overalls, I would be set for life.”
It was a fun post, not meant to accomplish anything except acknowledging that I like gardening overalls. I figured that would be the end of the story, until I was checking my email that evening and saw one that gave me pause: “Bill has sent you an e-gift card for (insert dollar amount of overalls here) from Fargo Trading Co.”
I called my dad, whose name is Bill and thanked him for the gift. But it turned out that this Bill was not my dad, but a complete stranger. I reread the email, and figured out the mystery gifter had chosen to use a cryptonym. I sent the company an email of thanks and told them that their generosity was an encouragement to my heart.
I like to tell the story because it reminds me that generosity doesn’t come with a price tag. It doesn’t cost money to speak into someone’s life; buying a cup of coffee can be relatively inexpensive; passing along plants from your garden is basically free. It is your reminder to be like “Bill”. Go and do that thing today. You never know who might need it.
4. What do we know about the author
A. She collects overalls. B. She is short of money.
C. She wants to be a model. D. She owns a second-hand store.
5. What does the author want to do through her post
A. Express her great ambition. B. Make a joke on the overalls.
C. Show her love for the overalls. D. Find someone to give her a gift.
6. What is the probable meaning of the underlined word “cryptonym” in Paragraph 5
A. False name. B. Paper card. C. New overall. D. Real address.
7. What idea does the author want to convey through the story
A. Generosity can start small. B. Honesty is the best policy.
C. Penny wise, pound foolish. D. One good turn deserves another.
C
Lacking money makes people focus on the present — but lacking water makes them plan for the future. The human brain is sensitive to scarcity (稀缺). Take money, for example: when people play a game that makes some players immediately wealthier or poorer, those who lose money start making decisions that result in their being better off now but worse off later. One potential explanation for this tendency is that the sense of not having enough of what we need makes it harder for us to focus and plan.
In one experiment, college students read articles about a severe water shortage or plenty of water due to increased rainfall. Those exposed to scarcity thoughts showed a heightened focus on the future, agreeing more with saving resources and planning ahead. Contrarily, those who read about a water surplus prioritized living in the present and were less concerned about saving.
Moreover, we compared attitudes in two Iranian cities, Shiraz and Yazd, which differ greatly in water availability. Residents of water-scarce Yazd valued “long-term purpose” more than those in water-abundant Shiraz.
Expanding our investigation globally, we found individuals from historically water-scarce nations tended to place a greater emphasis on saving and planning for the future. For example, in Europe, people in water-rich Iceland thought less about the future, whereas those in dry Spain thought more about the future.
Moreover, countries’ history of water scarcity seemed related to cultural differences in a way that more obvious factors didn’t. For example, income per capita (人均) did not explain differences across cultures. And although corruption (腐败) might make it hard for people to think about the future, it was not a strong predictor, either. You might guess that people think about the future more in places where they tend to live longer, but astonishingly, national life expectancy was not as strong a predictor as water scarcity.
Our work suggests that as many places dry up, global warming could reshape how people think, pushing entire communities toward more cautious, environmentally friendly, future-oriented behavior. Water scarcity could be uniquely powerful motivation for us to prepare for and respond to a warmer world.
8. What does the example of game-playing in Paragraph 1 illustrate
A. Scarcity results in shortsighted decisions. B. Game-playing needs a higher focus.
C. Game players become rich overnight. D. Losing money makes us plan for the future.
9. Who might have a long-term purpose
A. People living in Shiraz. B. People in dry Spain.
C. People focusing on the past. D. People reading about water surplus.
10. What most likely accounts for cultural differences
A. Corruption. B. Income per capita.
C. A sense of water scarcity. D. National life expectancy.
11. What will water scarcity inspire people to do
A. Respond to climate change actively. B. Change our attitude toward family.
C. Make people care about community. D. Be more cautious about their relationship.
D
Perhaps artificial intelligence doesn’t have to be as scary as news reports have made it out to be.
“We’re already starting to move away from organizations like Reuters and Associated Press and things like that into more sort of niche (小众的) publications that focus on specific topics like the environment or tech. And that’s been happening for a couple of years now. And I think it’ll continue to happen,” reporter Hilton said.
So how is the rise of digital platforms impacting traditional journalism
How can journalists respond to the challenges that arise with new technologies such as AI-generated content “There will be certain teams or even departments that will check to see timestamps, check the geographic information and things like that,” reporter Heneghan said.
How would journalists be able to call out fake (伪造的) videos Hilton said fake news reports require journalists to be more cautious and that makes for better journalism. “We’re learning new skills in order to make sure that we’re doing our part and making sure that the truth is out there,” Hilton said.
Photojournalist Shore showed a photo of a penguin in a desert and pointed to a label in the corner of the photo. He explained that you can identify an unedited photo because every detail from the moment the photo was taken to any changes made afterward is recorded in protected layers that can be read.
When asked whether artificial intelligence would take over the jobs of journalists, Hilton said, “It will take away a lot of the donkey work that journalists have to do. Once those tasks are automated, journalists can pursue more substantive (实质性的) stories. Artificial intelligence would not replace journalism. I don’t think AI is going to make us jobless because we are human beings telling stories about human beings and no machine can do that.”
12. Which statement does Hilton agree with
A. Traditional journalism still takes the lead. B. AI is scary in traditional news coverage.
C. Journalism is going through huge changes. D. The focus of journalism is on digitalization.
13. What does Shore want to show us by the photo of a penguin
A. What journalists care about most. B. Who are the targets of fake news.
C. Why deepfake is too harmful. D. How people identify fake content.
14. What does Hilton stress in the last paragraph
A. AI might improve the work of journalists. B. AI will take the place of journalists.
C. AI may tell stories of human beings. D. AI will treat humans as machines.
15 What is the best title of the text
A. AI Will Pose a Threat to Journalism Soon B. The Future of News Is More Trustworthy
C. Journalism in the Future Will Be Different D. Journalists Use AI for Humanized Work
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
While doing a particularly boring task at work or home, have you ever stopped thinking about what you were doing, and started thinking about your last vacation or another event that made you happy Or do you sometimes daydream about meeting Taylor Swift or whoever is your favorite pop star instead of focusing on work ____16____ Almost everyone at some point experiences that their thoughts drift (转移) away from the task at hand to something else.
One interesting question is how mind-wandering affects our emotions. ____17____ Thinking about the sandy beaches of Hawaii instead of a crucial work email surely is not positive for work performance. On the other hand, it could be argued that mind-wandering may make us feel better in some situations. For example, when Uncle Greg is telling the same annoying story for a twelfth time at a family reunion, thinking about your favorite food may not be the worst thing. In that case, mind-wandering may help regulate negative emotions and create positive emotions in an unpleasant situation. ____18____
To clarify how mind-wandering affects emotional well-being, a team of scientists published a new meta-analysis (元分析). ____19____ It has the advantage that data from many more volunteers than in typical studies can be analyzed. This makes the results of meta-analyses particularly trustworthy. Overall, the meta-analysis results revealed a negative association between mind-wandering and emotional well-being.
____20____ First, the emotional content of the thoughts experienced during mind-wandering. When the unprompted (自发的) thoughts were negative, the effect on emotional well-being was also negative. However, when the content of the unprompted thoughts was positive, the effect on emotional well-being was also positive. Second, intentionality played a major role. If we intentionally let our minds wander, the effect on emotional well-being is more positive.
A Mind-wandering could make us feel bad.
B. More thinking occurs during mind-wandering.
C. So it prevents a larger conflict at the reunion.
D. However, two factors affected this relationship.
E. Mind-wandering can be personally embarrassing.
F. Such examples of mind-wandering are quite common.
G. It is a statistical integration of previously published studies.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Ellie Walker, a 22-year-old employee at the British grocery chain Sainsbury’s, experienced something extraordinary.
Known for her ____21____ behavior, Ellie enjoyed the daily chat with customers but never ____22____ how deeply these interactions could impact her life. It was during one of these ____23____ conversations that Ellie encountered Edwin Holmes, an 86-year-old regular ____24____. Their interaction took a turn when Edwin told Ellie about his loneliness, ____25____ that he had no one to spend Christmas with.
This ____26____ made Ellie feel sympathy for Edwin, as she couldn’t ____27____ the thought of Edwin spending the festive season ____28____. Moved by Edwin’s situation, Ellie ____29____ to extend a gesture (表示) of kindness. She invited him to join her for a Christmas meal, hoping to create a memorable and joyous _____30_____ for both of them. It was a simple _____31_____, but one that meant much for Edwin. The Christmas dinner was a special and emotional event.
Edwin _____32_____, looking neat in a suit, with a bunch of flowers in hand for Ellie. It was a moment of genuine connection, taking the usual customer-employee relationship to a different level. Ellie’s _____33_____ to Edwin was more than just a kind gesture; it was a lifeline. From that _____34_____ Christmas dinner, a beautiful friendship developed. Ellie and Edwin began meeting regularly for coffee, sharing stories and enjoying each other’s _____35_____. Their relationship, which started with casual conversations in a grocery store, had grown into a meaningful friendship.
21. A. suspicious B. friendly C. changeable D. odd
22. A. anticipated B. assessed C. required D. consulted
23. A. lengthy B. pointless C. routine D. secret
24. A. agent B. candidate C. donor D. customer
25. A. revealing B. securing C. doubting D. predicting
26. A. pressure B. discovery C. signature D. trick
27. A. block B. express C. bear D. push
28. A. abroad B. comfortably C. noisily D. alone
29. A. determined B. agreed C. begged D. hesitated
30. A. adventure B. phase C. start D. experience
31. A. mission B. act C. style D. plot
32. A. called out B. cheered up C. showed up D. settled down
33. A. solution B. invitation C. approach D. contribution
34. A. quick B. annual C. memorable D. farewell
35. A. challenge B. forgiveness C. recognition D. company
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Recently unearthed ruins of six semi-basement dwellings (民居) in Hebei Province are thought by archaeologists to be among the earliest-known “houses” in China. The dwellings, ____36____ (discovery) from the Sitai site in Shangyi County, Zhangjiakou, were from 10,400 to10,000 years ago.
Two early periods — from 10,400 to 10,000 years ago and from 9,200 to 9,000 years ago —probably represent a previously unknown type of archaeological culture, ____37____ (judge) from the unearthed pottery and stoneware.
____38____ (separate), findings of millet (粟) on site provided key clues to the origins and early development of agriculture. It took time for people who chose to settle down ____39____(develop) early-stage agriculture by improving seeds in the wild.
In the past, some older archaeological findings ____40____ (consider) to be “houses” but their true nature is still debated. For example, at the Xiaonanshan site, Raohe County, Heilongjiang Province, some ruins from 16,000 years ago were thought to be regular ____41____ (settlement).
Thanks ____42____ the Sitai site, we have the oldest example of settled dwellings in China with solid evidence. There must be even older ones somewhere else, but they await to be found.
The importance of the Sitai site can be better evaluated in a much ____43____ (big) picture of Northeast Asia. For example, in Transbaikal, ____44____ region of Siberia near Lake Baikal, similar dwellings of its time were also found. Considering other findings in Northeast China like Xiaonanshan, they might show _____45_____ the human population migrated from north to south throughout human history.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，你校将举行“校园生活”短视频大赛，介绍校园生活。请你给交换生John写一封电子邮件，邀请他参加。内容包括：
1.短视频的内容；
2.短视频的要求。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear John,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
In the golden mist of late summer, Frank and John, two inseparable friends, set off on an adventure they had particularly planned for weeks: a camping trip by the river. The air was filled with excitement as they packed their backpacks with essentials—tents, cookers, and a map, though they were confident in their knowledge of the area, having explored its boundaries since childhood.
As the sun began its fall, casting long shadows across the green landscape, they arrived at their chosen spot—a quiet bend in the river, far from civilization’s noisiness. They set up camp, and the crackling of the campfire and the gentle lapping of water against the shore were their only companions. Under a starry sky, they shared stories and dreams, unaware that their comfortable escape was about to take a dangerous turn.
The following morning, as they ventured deeper into the woods to gather firewood, the sky, which had been clear and blue, turned frightening, with heavy clouds gathering. In the distance, a low, powerful, rolling thunder echoed (回响) through the valley, a warning they should have noticed. Not frightened, they continued, their laughter now was drowned out by the growing roar(咆哮) of the river.
It happened swiftly. A wall of water, caused by the storm, rushed down the river, catching them off guard. In a heartbeat, their return path was cut off, the once familiar place was transformed into a maze (迷宫) of rushing currents and mudslides. Panic rose within them, but Frank, always the calmer of the two, remembered a survival tip from his father: “When lost or in danger, stay put if possible, assess your resources, and think reasonably.”
With the river too dangerous to cross, they came back to higher ground, seeking shelter beneath a rocky overhang. As the rain pounded down, they gathered together, their spirits dampened but not defeated. John remembered another crucial lesson: using natural resources for survival. He suggested they start a fire using dry leaves and branches they had collected before the storm and they managed to light a small flame, providing warmth and a light of hope.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The new sunrise brought new challenges and opportunities for Frank and John to prove their courage
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The next day, as hope was beginning to fade, a rescue helicopter appeared.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
听力1-5 ACACB 6-10 ABCAC 11-15 ABCBB 16-20 CBBAB
第1页/共1页
绝密★启用前
2024—2025高三省级联测考试
英语试卷
班级________ 姓名________
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的学校、班级、姓名及考号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt
A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是C。
1. When will the speakers meet at the library
A. At 6 p. m. B. At 7 p. m. C. At 9 a. m.
2. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. In a grocery. B. In a gallery. C. In a bookstore.
3. What do the speakers think of Dave Thomas
A. He is qualified for school president.
B. He is knowledgeable about subjects.
C. He is good at making speeches.
4. Who will give a speech about water pollution
A. Dr. Jack. B. Professor Green. C. Engineer Davis.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. Unique machines. B. AI arts exhibit. C. Creative ideas.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What did the man say in his presentation
A. There is a lack of attention on art.
B. Students need a theater to play in.
C. The school theater should be open.
7. What does the man expect the government to do
A. Open more music schools.
B. Treat arts like math or reading.
C. Invest more money in science.
听第7 段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Where are the speakers now
A. At home. B. In a lab. C. In a restaurant.
9. What does the woman choose at last
A. Fried insects. B. Steak. C. Fish.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What does the woman first check about the Maui dolphin
A. Its behavior. B. Its habitat. C. Its length.
11. What is the population of the Maui dolphins now
A. Less than 50. B. More than 100. C. About 500.
12. What are Maui dolphins like
A. Dangerous. B. Sociable. C. Competitive.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Why does the man make the call
A To find a good job. B. To join a club. C. To become a volunteer.
14. What may the man get involved in
A. Buying books from the town library.
B. Collecting books for the village library.
C. Managing the village library.
15. What is the man assigned to do at the lunch club
A. Cook the food. B. Transport the old. C. Act as a waiter.
16. What will the man do to help Mr. Selsbury
A. Send him to the hospital. B. Decorate his kitchen. C. Weed his garden.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What will the trainees be told on Sept. 13
A. Changes of training places.
B. Participants for each session.
C. Periods for each session.
18. What are trainees required to do in advance
A. Buy the specified materials.
B. Do some preparation exercises.
C. Complete the task of printing.
19. What does the speaker want to know from the questionnaire
A. The performance of the new company.
B. The responsibility of the training manager.
C. The complaints of students about the sessions.
20. Why are people reminded to check the noticeboard
A. To learn about some feedback.
B. To keep themselves well informed.
C. To get information about emails.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Summer 2024 Best Practices in University Teaching Workshop
Description
The Center for Teaching Excellence and Innovation is pleased to offer Best Practices in University Teaching, a multi-day workshop for Johns Hopkins faculty (教职员工).
This is a great opportunity for new faculty who are interested in learning about evidence-based teaching practices but is open to all Johns Hopkins faculty and lecturers from any discipline. External university colleagues are also welcome to attend.
A Certificate of Completion can be earned by all participants who complete the workshop deliverable, a lesson plan for a new or existing course. While earning the Certificate of Completion is not required for participation in the workshop, it is encouraged to get the most of out of your time with us.
Schedule
Monday, July 15, 9 — 11 a. m. Course Design
Tuesday, July 16, 9 — 11 a. m. Assessment
Wednesday, July 17, 9 — 11 a. m. Evidence-Based Teaching Strategies
Thursday, July 18, 9 — 11 a. m. Inclusive Education
Friday, July 19, 9 — 10 a. m. Grading and Evaluation Strategies
Friday, July 19, 10 — 11 a. m. Classroom Communication
Tuition Remission Information
Full-time, benefits-qualified Johns Hopkins employees may submit for 100% tuition remission (减免), and this does not check off from the annual $5,250 allotment (配额) for credit courses. You are qualified for tuition remission once you have completed 120 days of full-time employment as long as you are Johns Hopkins faculty or staff and continue in a full-time position. You will need to fill out the form in order to receive the tuition benefits.
Payment or the tuition remission form must be received to secure your seat in the workshop.
1. What will participants learn at the workshop
A. How to discipline learners. B. How to develop interest in teaching.
C. How to base lectures on evidence. D. How to be excellent at practices.
2. How can a participant get a Certificate of Completion
A. By having credit courses. B. By filling out a form in advance.
C. By working full-time for 120 days. D. By making a teaching plan for a course.
3. What will be taught at 9 a. m. on Friday
A. Course Design. B. Assessment.
C. Classroom Communication. D. Grading and Evaluation Strategies.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了2024年夏季由约翰斯 霍普金斯大学卓越教学与创新中心举办的“大学教学最佳实践”研讨会的相关情况。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Description部分中“This is a great opportunity for new faculty who are interested in learning about evidence-based teaching practices but is open to all Johns Hopkins faculty and lecturers from any discipline.(对于有兴趣学习循证教学实践的新教师来说，这是一个很好的机会，但对约翰霍普金斯大学所有学科的教师和讲师开放)”可知，参与者将学习如何基于证据来设计和实施教学。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Description部分中“A Certificate of Completion can be earned by all participants who complete the workshop deliverable, a lesson plan for a new or existing course.(所有完成研讨会的参与者都可以获得结业证书，完成新课程或现有课程的课程计划)”可知，获得证书的条件是设计一份教学计划。故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Schedule部分中“Friday, July 19, 9—10 a. m. Grading and Evaluation Strategies(7月19日星期五上午9点至10点：评分和评估策略)”可知，周五上午9至10点的课程是“评分和评估策略”。故选D。
B
Not so long ago, I was admiring online a pair of floral bib overalls (印花工装裤) that were way out of my price range and felt it, frankly, quite expensive for a person who buys most of her clothing from second-hand stores.
They were made by a company I admire because it uses actual, real-life women in its ads. I’ve admired this particular pair of overalls for a long time, knowing I would never be willing to spend the money on them.
One afternoon, I posted the following on the Internet, along with a photo just for fun: “I mean I already have dreams of becoming a Fargo Trading Co. model because those ladies rock, but if they would pay me with these overalls, I would be set for life.”
It was a fun post, not meant to accomplish anything except acknowledging that I like gardening overalls. I figured that would be the end of the story, until I was checking my email that evening and saw one that gave me pause: “Bill has sent you an e-gift card for (insert dollar amount of overalls here) from Fargo Trading Co.”
I called my dad, whose name is Bill and thanked him for the gift. But it turned out that this Bill was not my dad, but a complete stranger. I reread the email, and figured out the mystery gifter had chosen to use a cryptonym. I sent the company an email of thanks and told them that their generosity was an encouragement to my heart.
I like to tell the story because it reminds me that generosity doesn’t come with a price tag. It doesn’t cost money to speak into someone’s life; buying a cup of coffee can be relatively inexpensive; passing along plants from your garden is basically free. It is your reminder to be like “Bill”. Go and do that thing today. You never know who might need it.
4. What do we know about the author
A. She collects overalls. B. She is short of money.
C. She wants to be a model. D. She owns a second-hand store.
5. What does the author want to do through her post
A. Express her great ambition. B. Make a joke on the overalls.
C. Show her love for the overalls. D. Find someone to give her a gift.
6. What is the probable meaning of the underlined word “cryptonym” in Paragraph 5
A. False name. B. Paper card. C. New overall. D. Real address.
7. What idea does the author want to convey through the story
A. Generosity can start small. B. Honesty is the best policy.
C. Penny wise, pound foolish. D. One good turn deserves another.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者得到陌生人赠送的工装裤，从而懂得了慷慨的意义的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Not so long ago, I was admiring online a pair of floral bib overalls (印花工装裤) that were way out of my price range and felt it, frankly, quite expensive for a person who buys most of her clothing from second-hand stores.(不久前，我在网上欣赏了一条花兜裤，它的价格远远超出了我的承受范围，坦率地说，对于一个大部分衣服都是从二手店买的人来说，我觉得它相当贵)”可知，作者并不富裕。故选B。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“One afternoon, I posted the following on the Internet, along with a photo just for fun: “I mean I already have dreams of becoming a Fargo Trading Co. model because those ladies rock, but if they would pay me with these overalls, I would be set for life.”(一天下午，我在网上发了下面这段话，并配了一张照片，只是为了好玩：“我的意思是，我已经梦想成为法戈贸易公司的模特了，因为那些女士们太棒了，但如果他们愿意用这些工装裤支付我的工资，我就可以穿一辈子。”)”可知，作者想通过她的帖子表达她对工装裤的喜爱。故选C。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。根据上文“I called my dad, whose name is Bill and thanked him for the gift. But it turned out that this Bill was not my dad, but a complete stranger.(我打电话给我的爸爸，他的名字是比尔，并感谢他的礼物。但事实证明，这个比尔并不是我的父亲，而是一个完全陌生的人)”提到作者按照名字给父亲打了电话，发现那个名字与父亲是重名。根据上文中“mystery”以及下文“I sent the company an email of thanks and told them that their generosity was an encouragement to my heart.(我给公司发了一封感谢信，并告诉他们，他们的慷慨是对我内心的一种鼓励)”可推测，那个名字是个假名字。故划线词意思是“假名字”。故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“I like to tell the story because it reminds me that generosity doesn’t come with a price tag.(我喜欢讲这个故事，因为它提醒我，慷慨是没有代价的)”可知，作者认为慷慨没有价格标签，然后举例“It doesn’t cost money to speak into someone’s life; buying a cup of coffee can be relatively inexpensive; passing along plants from your garden is basically free.(对别人的生活说话不需要花钱；买一杯咖啡可能相对便宜;把你花园里的植物传递出去基本上是免费的)”说明小事也是慷慨。由此推知，作者认为，慷慨完全可以从小事做起。故选A。
C
Lacking money makes people focus on the present — but lacking water makes them plan for the future. The human brain is sensitive to scarcity (稀缺). Take money, for example: when people play a game that makes some players immediately wealthier or poorer, those who lose money start making decisions that result in their being better off now but worse off later. One potential explanation for this tendency is that the sense of not having enough of what we need makes it harder for us to focus and plan.
In one experiment, college students read articles about a severe water shortage or plenty of water due to increased rainfall. Those exposed to scarcity thoughts showed a heightened focus on the future, agreeing more with saving resources and planning ahead. Contrarily, those who read about a water surplus prioritized living in the present and were less concerned about saving.
Moreover, we compared attitudes in two Iranian cities, Shiraz and Yazd, which differ greatly in water availability. Residents of water-scarce Yazd valued “long-term purpose” more than those in water-abundant Shiraz.
Expanding our investigation globally, we found individuals from historically water-scarce nations tended to place a greater emphasis on saving and planning for the future. For example, in Europe, people in water-rich Iceland thought less about the future, whereas those in dry Spain thought more about the future.
Moreover, countries’ history of water scarcity seemed related to cultural differences in a way that more obvious factors didn’t. For example, income per capita (人均) did not explain differences across cultures. And although corruption (腐败) might make it hard for people to think about the future, it was not a strong predictor, either. You might guess that people think about the future more in places where they tend to live longer, but astonishingly, national life expectancy was not as strong a predictor as water scarcity.
Our work suggests that as many places dry up, global warming could reshape how people think, pushing entire communities toward more cautious, environmentally friendly, future-oriented behavior. Water scarcity could be uniquely powerful motivation for us to prepare for and respond to a warmer world.
8. What does the example of game-playing in Paragraph 1 illustrate
A. Scarcity results in shortsighted decisions. B. Game-playing needs a higher focus.
C. Game players become rich overnight. D. Losing money makes us plan for the future.
9. Who might have a long-term purpose
A. People living in Shiraz. B. People in dry Spain.
C. People focusing on the past. D. People reading about water surplus.
10. What most likely accounts for cultural differences
A. Corruption. B. Income per capita.
C. A sense of water scarcity. D. National life expectancy.
11. What will water scarcity inspire people to do
A. Respond to climate change actively. B. Change our attitude toward family.
C. Make people care about community. D. Be more cautious about their relationship.
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了资源稀缺性，特别是水资源稀缺对人类心理及行为规划的影响。文章暗示随着全球变暖导致的水资源减少，这一趋势可能促使社会整体向更加谨慎、更环保、更面向未来的方向转变，强调了水资源稀缺在驱动人类适应气候变化方面可能具有的独特影响力。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Take money, for example: when people play a game that makes some players immediately wealthier or poorer, those who lose money start making decisions that result in their being better off now but worse off later.(以金钱为例：当人们玩一款让一些玩家立即变得更富有或更贫穷的游戏时，那些输钱的人开始做出决定，结果是他们现在更富有，但以后会更糟糕)”可知，第一段中的玩游戏的例子说明了稀缺会导致目光短浅的决策。故选A。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“For example, in Europe, people in water-rich Iceland thought less about the future, whereas those in dry Spain thought more about the future.(例如，在欧洲，生活在水资源丰富的冰岛的人们很少考虑未来，而生活在干旱的西班牙的人们则更多地考虑未来)”可知，干旱地区的西班牙人有长期目标。故选B。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Expanding our investigation globally, we found individuals from historically water-scarce nations tended to place a greater emphasis on saving and planning for the future.(将我们的调查扩展到全球，我们发现，来自历史上缺水国家的个人往往更强调节约用水和为未来做计划)”和第五段“Moreover, countries’ history of water scarcity seemed related to cultural differences in a way that more obvious factors didn’t.(此外，各国水资源短缺的历史似乎与文化差异有关，而其他更明显的因素则与之无关)”可知，水资源稀缺感是解释文化差异的重要因素。故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Our work suggests that as many places dry up, global warming could reshape how people think, pushing entire communities toward more cautious, environmentally friendly, future-oriented behavior.(我们的研究表明，随着许多地方干涸，全球变暖可能会重塑人们的思维方式，促使整个社区采取更谨慎、更环保、更面向未来的行为)”可知，缺水会激励人们积极应对气候变化。故选A。
D
Perhaps artificial intelligence doesn’t have to be as scary as news reports have made it out to be.
“We’re already starting to move away from organizations like Reuters and Associated Press and things like that into more sort of niche (小众的) publications that focus on specific topics like the environment or tech. And that’s been happening for a couple of years now. And I think it’ll continue to happen,” reporter Hilton said.
So how is the rise of digital platforms impacting traditional journalism
How can journalists respond to the challenges that arise with new technologies such as AI-generated content “There will be certain teams or even departments that will check to see timestamps, check the geographic information and things like that,” reporter Heneghan said.
How would journalists be able to call out fake (伪造的) videos Hilton said fake news reports require journalists to be more cautious and that makes for better journalism. “We’re learning new skills in order to make sure that we’re doing our part and making sure that the truth is out there,” Hilton said.
Photojournalist Shore showed a photo of a penguin in a desert and pointed to a label in the corner of the photo. He explained that you can identify an unedited photo because every detail from the moment the photo was taken to any changes made afterward is recorded in protected layers that can be read.
When asked whether artificial intelligence would take over the jobs of journalists, Hilton said, “It will take away a lot of the donkey work that journalists have to do. Once those tasks are automated, journalists can pursue more substantive (实质性的) stories. Artificial intelligence would not replace journalism. I don’t think AI is going to make us jobless because we are human beings telling stories about human beings and no machine can do that.”
12. Which statement does Hilton agree with
A. Traditional journalism still takes the lead. B. AI is scary in traditional news coverage.
C. Journalism is going through huge changes. D. The focus of journalism is on digitalization.
13. What does Shore want to show us by the photo of a penguin
A. What journalists care about most. B. Who are the targets of fake news.
C. Why deepfake is too harmful. D. How people identify fake content.
14. What does Hilton stress in the last paragraph
A. AI might improve the work of journalists. B. AI will take the place of journalists.
C. AI may tell stories of human beings. D. AI will treat humans as machines.
15. What is the best title of the text
A. AI Will Pose a Threat to Journalism Soon B. The Future of News Is More Trustworthy
C Journalism in the Future Will Be Different D. Journalists Use AI for Humanized Work
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了随着数字平台和人工智能（AI）的兴起，传统新闻业的格局正在重塑，但这并不意味着对行业构成致命威胁。相反，AI被视为一种能够通过承担单调工作并提升新闻质量的工具，使记者能够专注于更深入、更有意义的报道。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段““We’re already starting to move away from organizations like Reuters and Associated Press and things like that into more sort of niche (小众的) publications that focus on specific topics like the environment or tech. And that’s been happening for a couple of years now. And I think it’ll continue to happen,” reporter Hilton said.(记者Hilton说：“我们已经开始从路透社和美联社这样的机构转向更专注于环境或科技等特定主题的利基出版物。这种情况已经发生了几年。”我认为这种情况还会继续发生。”)”可推知，Hilton认同新闻业正在经历巨大的变化。故选C。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段“He explained that you can identify an unedited photo because every detail from the moment the photo was taken to any changes made afterward is recorded in protected layers that can be read.(他解释说，你可以识别一张未经编辑的照片，因为从拍摄照片的那一刻起，到之后的任何修改，每一个细节都记录在可以读取的保护层中)”可推知，展示企鹅的照片是为了说明如何识别伪造内容。故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“It will take away a lot of the donkey work that journalists have to do. Once those tasks are automated, journalists can pursue more substantive (实质性的) stories.(这将省去很多记者不得不做的繁重工作。一旦这些任务实现自动化，记者就可以追求更实质性的报道)”可知，希尔顿在最后一段强调人工智能可能会改善记者的工作。故选A。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Perhaps artificial intelligence doesn’t have to be as scary as news reports have made it out to be.(也许人工智能并不一定像新闻报道中描述的那么可怕)”结合文章整体讨论了随着数字化平台的兴起和人工智能技术的应用，新闻行业正面临的变化，包括对抗假新闻的措施以及AI对记者工作的影响等。这些内容综合反映了新闻行业的未来将会呈现出与过去不同的面貌，因此C项“未来的新闻业会有所不同”最能概括文章主旨。故选C。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
While doing a particularly boring task at work or home, have you ever stopped thinking about what you were doing, and started thinking about your last vacation or another event that made you happy Or do you sometimes daydream about meeting Taylor Swift or whoever is your favorite pop star instead of focusing on work ____16____ Almost everyone at some point experiences that their thoughts drift (转移) away from the task at hand to something else.
One interesting question is how mind-wandering affects our emotions. ____17____ Thinking about the sandy beaches of Hawaii instead of a crucial work email surely is not positive for work performance. On the other hand, it could be argued that mind-wandering may make us feel better in some situations. For example, when Uncle Greg is telling the same annoying story for a twelfth time at a family reunion, thinking about your favorite food may not be the worst thing. In that case, mind-wandering may help regulate negative emotions and create positive emotions in an unpleasant situation. ____18____
To clarify how mind-wandering affects emotional well-being, a team of scientists published a new meta-analysis (元分析). ____19____ It has the advantage that data from many more volunteers than in typical studies can be analyzed. This makes the results of meta-analyses particularly trustworthy. Overall, the meta-analysis results revealed a negative association between mind-wandering and emotional well-being.
____20____ First, the emotional content of the thoughts experienced during mind-wandering. When the unprompted (自发的) thoughts were negative, the effect on emotional well-being was also negative. However, when the content of the unprompted thoughts was positive, the effect on emotional well-being was also positive. Second, intentionality played a major role. If we intentionally let our minds wander, the effect on emotional well-being is more positive.
A. Mind-wandering could make us feel bad.
B. More thinking occurs during mind-wandering.
C. So it prevents a larger conflict at the reunion.
D. However, two factors affected this relationship.
E. Mind-wandering can be personally embarrassing.
F. Such examples of mind-wandering are quite common.
G It is a statistical integration of previously published studies.
【答案】16. F 17. A 18. C 19. G 20. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了心不在焉如何影响以及在何种条件下影响个人的情绪状态，强调了思绪内容和行为意图在这一过程中的重要作用。
【16题详解】
根据上文“While doing a particularly boring task at work or home, have you ever stopped thinking about what you were doing, and started thinking about your last vacation or another event that made you happy Or do you sometimes daydream about meeting Taylor Swift or whoever is your favorite pop star instead of focusing on work (当你在工作或家里做一件特别无聊的事情时，你是否曾经停止思考你正在做的事情，而开始思考你上次的假期或其他让你快乐的事情？或者你有时会做白日梦，幻想着见到泰勒·斯威夫特或任何你最喜欢的流行歌星，而不是专注于工作？)”可知，日常生活中人们常常走神，如幻想度假或与喜爱的明星见面，这些都是“心不在焉”的例子。F项“这种走神的例子很常见”直接呼应了上文列举的现象，说明这些心不在焉的行为十分普遍。故选F。
【17题详解】
根据后文“Thinking about the sandy beaches of Hawaii instead of a crucial work email surely is not positive for work performance.(想想夏威夷的沙滩，而不是一封重要的工作邮件，对工作表现肯定是不利的)”说明心不在焉可能导致工作表现不佳，A项“走神会让我们感觉不好”符合上下文中对心不在焉负面影响的讨论。故选A。
【18题详解】
根据上文“For example, when Uncle Greg is telling the same annoying story for a twelfth time at a family reunion, thinking about your favorite food may not be the worst thing. In that case, mind-wandering may help regulate negative emotions and create positive emotions in an unpleasant situation.(例如，当格雷格叔叔第十二次在家庭聚会上讲同一个烦人的故事时，想想你最喜欢的食物可能并不是最糟糕的事情。在这种情况下，走神可能有助于调节消极情绪，并在不愉快的情况下创造积极情绪)”提到，在不愉快的情境中（如家庭聚会中听重复的无聊故事）心不在焉可以起到积极作用的情景，即“所以它防止了聚会上更大的冲突”。与上文所述的通过心不在焉来调节负面情绪，创造积极情绪的情境相吻合。故C选项“这样可以防止团聚时发生更大的冲突”符合语境。故选C。
【19题详解】
根据上文“To clarify how mind-wandering affects emotional well-being, a team of scientists published a new meta-analysis (元分析).(为了阐明走神是如何影响情绪健康的，一组科学家发表了一项新的元分析)”以及后文“It has the advantage that data from many more volunteers than in typical studies can be analyzed. This makes the results of meta-analyses particularly trustworthy. Overall, the meta-analysis results revealed a negative association between mind-wandering and emotional well-being.(与传统研究相比，它的优点是可以分析来自更多志愿者的数据。这使得元分析的结果特别值得信赖。总体而言，荟萃分析结果显示走神与情绪健康之间存在负相关)”可知，本句主要解释什么是元分析，即“这是一种对之前已发表研究的统计整合”，与下文提到的元分析能够分析更多数据、结果更为可靠的信息相对应，说明了元分析的特点和优势。G项“这是对以前发表的研究的统计整合”符合语语境，故选G。
20题详解】
根据后文“First, the emotional content of the thoughts experienced during mind-wandering. When the unprompted (自发的) thoughts were negative, the effect on emotional well-being was also negative. However, when the content of the unprompted thoughts was positive, the effect on emotional well-being was also positive. Second, intentionality played a major role. If we intentionally let our minds wander, the effect on emotional well-being is more positive.(首先，在走神期间所经历的思想的情感内容。当自发的想法是消极的，对情绪健康的影响也是消极的。然而，当自发想法的内容是积极的，对情绪健康的影响也是积极的。第二，意向性发挥了重要作用。如果我们有意识地让自己走神，对情绪健康的影响会更积极)”可知，本段中的“First”和“Second”可知，D项“然而，两个因素影响了这种关系”引出了影响心不在焉与情绪健康关系的两个关键因素，与下文详细阐述的两个因素（思绪内容的情感倾向和心不在焉的主动性）相匹配，起到了启示下文的作用。故选D。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Ellie Walker, a 22-year-old employee at the British grocery chain Sainsbury’s, experienced something extraordinary.
Known for her ____21____ behavior, Ellie enjoyed the daily chat with customers but never ____22____ how deeply these interactions could impact her life. It was during one of these ____23____ conversations that Ellie encountered Edwin Holmes, an 86-year-old regular ____24____. Their interaction took a turn when Edwin told Ellie about his loneliness, ____25____ that he had no one to spend Christmas with.
This ____26____ made Ellie feel sympathy for Edwin, as she couldn’t ____27____ the thought of Edwin spending the festive season ____28____. Moved by Edwin’s situation, Ellie ____29____ to extend a gesture (表示) of kindness. She invited him to join her for a Christmas meal, hoping to create a memorable and joyous _____30_____ for both of them. It was a simple _____31_____, but one that meant much for Edwin. The Christmas dinner was a special and emotional event.
Edwin _____32_____, looking neat in a suit, with a bunch of flowers in hand for Ellie. It was a moment of genuine connection, taking the usual customer-employee relationship to a different level. Ellie’s _____33_____ to Edwin was more than just a kind gesture; it was a lifeline. From that _____34_____ Christmas dinner, a beautiful friendship developed. Ellie and Edwin began meeting regularly for coffee, sharing stories and enjoying each other’s _____35_____. Their relationship, which started with casual conversations in a grocery store, had grown into a meaningful friendship.
21. A. suspicious B. friendly C. changeable D. odd
22. A. anticipated B. assessed C. required D. consulted
23. A. lengthy B. pointless C. routine D. secret
24. A. agent B. candidate C. donor D. customer
25. A. revealing B. securing C. doubting D. predicting
26. A. pressure B. discovery C. signature D. trick
27. A. block B. express C. bear D. push
28. A. abroad B. comfortably C. noisily D. alone
29. A. determined B. agreed C. begged D. hesitated
30. A. adventure B. phase C. start D. experience
31. A. mission B. act C. style D. plot
32. A. called out B. cheered up C. showed up D. settled down
33. A. solution B. invitation C. approach D. contribution
34. A. quick B. annual C. memorable D. farewell
35. A. challenge B. forgiveness C. recognition D. company
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. D 31. B 32. C 33. B 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了从杂货店里的随意交谈开始，艾莉和老顾客埃德温·霍姆斯发展了一段有意义和持久的友谊。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：埃莉以友好的行为著称，她喜欢每天和顾客聊天，但从未预料到这些互动会对她的生活产生如此深远的影响。A. suspicious怀疑的；B. friendly友好的；C. changeable可改变的；D. odd奇怪的。根据后文“Ellie enjoyed the daily chat with customers”可知，喜欢和顾客聊天说明友好。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：埃莉以友好的行为著称，她喜欢每天和顾客聊天，但从未预料到这些互动会对她的生活产生如此深远的影响。A. anticipated预期；B. assessed评估；C. required要求；D. consulted咨询。根据后文“how deeply these interactions could impact her life”可知，互动是因为友好，她没有预料到这些互动会对她的生活产生如此深远的影响。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在一次例行谈话中，艾莉遇到了86岁的老顾客埃德温·霍姆斯。A. lengthy漫长的；B. pointless毫无意义的；C. routine常规的；D. secret秘密的。根据上文“Ellie enjoyed the daily chat with customers”可知，埃莉喜欢每天和顾客聊天，所以是例行的常规聊天。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一次例行谈话中，艾莉遇到了86岁的老顾客埃德温·霍姆斯。A. agent代理人；B. candidate候选人；C. donor捐赠者；D. customer顾客。根据上文“Ellie enjoyed the daily chat with customers”可知，埃德温·霍姆斯是她的老顾客。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当埃德温告诉艾莉他的孤独时，他们的互动发生了变化，他透露没有人可以和他一起过圣诞节。A. revealing揭露；B. securing确保；C. doubting怀疑；D. predicting预测。根据后文“that he had no one to spend Christmas with”可知，埃德温透露没有人可以和他一起过圣诞节。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一发现让艾莉对埃德温产生了同情，因为她无法忍受埃德温独自度过节日。A. pressure压力；B. discovery发现；C. signature签名；D. trick诡计。上文埃德温提到透露没有人可以和他一起过圣诞节，即发现了这一情况让艾莉对埃德温产生了同情，故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这一发现让艾莉对埃德温产生了同情，因为她无法忍受埃德温独自度过节日。A. block阻塞；B. express表达；C. bear忍受；D. push推。根据后文“the thought of Edwin spending the festive season”指她无法忍受埃德温独自度过节日。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：这一发现让艾莉对埃德温产生了同情，因为她无法忍受埃德温独自度过节日。A. abroad在国外；B. comfortably舒适地；C. noisily吵闹地；D. alone单独地。根据上文“he had no one to spend Christmas with.”可知，埃德温独自度过节日。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：埃莉被埃德温的处境所感动，她决定向埃德温表示善意。A. determined决定；B. agreed同意；C. begged恳求；D. hesitated犹豫。根据后文“to extend a gesture of kindness”可知，埃莉决定向埃德温表示善意。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她邀请他和她一起吃圣诞大餐，希望为他们俩创造一个难忘而快乐的经历。A. adventure冒险；B. phase阶段；C. start开始；D. experience经历。根据上文“She invited him to join her for a Christmas meal, hoping to create a memorable and joyous”可知，邀请一起吃饭是为希望创造一个难忘而快乐的经历。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个简单的举动，但对埃德温来说意义重大。A. mission任务；B. act举动，行为；C. style风格；D. plot情节。指上文“She invited him to join her for a Christmas meal”邀请一起吃圣诞大餐的举动。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：埃德温出现了，穿着西装，看上去很整洁，手里拿着一束花送给艾莉。A. called out召唤；B. cheered up欢呼；C. showed up出现；D. settled down决定。根据后文“looking neat in a suit”可知，埃德温出现了，穿着西装，看上去很整洁，故选C。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：埃莉邀请埃德温不仅仅是一种友好的姿态；这是一条生命线。A. solution解决方案；B. invitation邀请；C. approach方法；D. contribution贡献。呼应上文“She invited him to join her for a Christmas meal”指埃莉邀请埃德温吃圣诞大餐。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从那次难忘的圣诞晚餐开始，一段美好的友谊发展了起来。A. quick快速的；B. annual年度的；C. memorable难忘的；D. farewell告别的。根据上文“more than just a kind gesture; it was a lifeline”可知，这是一次难忘的圣诞晚餐，是一条生命线。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：埃莉和埃德温开始定期见面喝咖啡，分享故事，享受彼此的陪伴。A. challenge挑战；B. forgiveness原谅；C. recognition认可；D. company陪伴。根据上文“Ellie and Edwin began meeting regularly for coffee, sharing stories and enjoying each other’s”可知，两人开始经常见面，享受彼此的陪伴。故选D。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Recently unearthed ruins of six semi-basement dwellings (民居) in Hebei Province are thought by archaeologists to be among the earliest-known “houses” in China. The dwellings, ____36____ (discovery) from the Sitai site in Shangyi County, Zhangjiakou, were from 10,400 to10,000 years ago.
Two early periods — from 10,400 to 10,000 years ago and from 9,200 to 9,000 years ago —probably represent a previously unknown type of archaeological culture, ____37____ (judge) from the unearthed pottery and stoneware.
____38____ (separate), findings of millet (粟) on site provided key clues to the origins and early development of agriculture. It took time for people who chose to settle down ____39____(develop) early-stage agriculture by improving seeds in the wild.
In the past, some older archaeological findings ____40____ (consider) to be “houses” but their true nature is still debated. For example, at the Xiaonanshan site, Raohe County, Heilongjiang Province, some ruins from 16,000 years ago were thought to be regular ____41____ (settlement).
Thanks ____42____ the Sitai site, we have the oldest example of settled dwellings in China with solid evidence. There must be even older ones somewhere else, but they await to be found.
The importance of the Sitai site can be better evaluated in a much ____43____ (big) picture of Northeast Asia. For example, in Transbaikal, ____44____ region of Siberia near Lake Baikal, similar dwellings of its time were also found. Considering other findings in Northeast China like Xiaonanshan, they might show _____45_____ the human population migrated from north to south throughout human history.
【答案】36. discovered
37. judging
38. Separately
39. to develop
40. were considered
41. settlements
42. to 43. bigger
44. a 45. how
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国河北省近期的一项重要考古发现以及这一发现的重要意义。
【36题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：这些民居是在张家口市尚义县寺台遗址发现的，距今1.04万年至1万年前。此处为非谓语动词短语作后置定语修饰dwellings，结合句意，discovery的动词discover与dwellings之间表示被动且该动作已经发生，所以此处使用过去分词形式。故填discovered。
【37题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：从出土的陶器和石器来看，两个早期时期——10400年至10000年前和9200年至9000年前——可能代表了一种以前未知的考古文化类型。此处为独立结构作状语，使用现在分词形式，judging from意为“由……来判断”符合句意。故填judging。
【38题详解】
考查副词。句意：另外，现场发现的小米(粟)为农业的起源和早期发展提供了关键线索。此处为副词作状语修饰整个句子，separate的副词为separately表示“另外”“单独来说”，句子开头首字母应大写。故填Separately。
【39题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：选择定居下来的人们花了一些时间在野外通过改良种子来发展早期农业。结合句意可知，此处应表示“为了”，所以使用不定式形式作目的状语，说明人们定居下来就是为了发展早期农业。故填to develop。
【40题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：在过去，一些更古老的考古发现被认为是“房子”，但它们的真实性质仍然存在争议。此处应为谓语动词，根据时间状语In the past可知，此处为一般过去时，findings为复数且与consider是被动关系，所以应使用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were considered。
【41题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：例如，在黑龙江省饶河县的小南山遗址，一些1.6万年前的遗址被认为是正常的定居点。此处为名词作宾语，settlement意为“居住点”，为可数名词单数，结合前面的ruins意为“废墟”是复数形式可知，这些废墟是定期的居住点，所以使用复数形式以保持名词数的一致性。故填settlements。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：多亏了四台遗址，我们有了中国最古老的定居住宅的确凿证据。此处为固定搭配thanks to意为“多亏，由于”符合句意。故填to。
【43题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：四台遗址重要性可以在东北亚更大的图景中得到更好的评估。此处为形容词作定语修饰picture，根据空前的much可知，此处应为形容词的比较级bigger，且前面的better也有提示。故填bigger。
【44题详解】
考查冠词。句意：例如，在西伯利亚贝加尔湖附近的外贝加尔湖地区，也发现了当时类似的住宅。空后的名词region为可数名词单数，其前无限定词，所以使用冠词，结合句意，此处表明Transbaikal是西伯利亚贝加尔湖附近的一个地区，是首次提及，非特指，所以应用不定冠词，region的首个音素为辅音。故填a。
【45题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：考虑到在中国东北地区如小南山的其他发现，它们可能会显示人类在整个人类历史上是如何从北向南迁移的。此处为连接词引导的宾语从句，从句中不缺主语和宾语，但句意不完整，结合句意可知，此处表明这些发现可能揭示人类是如何迁移的，关注的是迁移的方式或过程，应用链接副词how引导宾语从句。故填how。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，你校将举行“校园生活”短视频大赛，介绍校园生活。请你给交换生John写一封电子邮件，邀请他参加。内容包括：
1.短视频的内容；
2.短视频的要求。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear John,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear John,
We’re hosting a “Campus Life” video contest, and I think you are the perfect person to join in. Your video can feature academics, clubs, sports, or daily campus scenery — anything that captures the spirit of our school. It is required that your video should be in 1 — 3 mins, original and reflect your personal campus experiences. It must be submitted by next Friday.
This is a great chance to showcase your creativity and win cool prizes. Your unique perspective as an exchange student will surely stand out. Let me know if yo
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