[原创]2025年高考总复习英语 第一部分 选择性必修第四册 UNIT 3 SEA EXPLORATION[配套课件]

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选择性必修第四册
UNIT 3 SEA EXPLORATION
第一部分
教材梳理
2025年高考一轮总复习
核心单词
阅读词汇
1.tale n.故事；叙述
2.merchant n.商人；批发商 adj.海上货运的
3.fleet n.舰队；机群；车队
4.behold vt.看；看见
5.league n.等级；水平；联合会；联赛
6.spice n.(调味)香料
7.maritime adj.海的；海运的；海事的
8.submersible n.潜水器；可潜船
9.capsule n.胶囊；太空舱
10.coral n.珊瑚
11.directory n.名录；电话号码簿；(计算机文件或程序的)目录
12.gallon n.加仑(容积单位，1 英制加仑约等于 4.5 升)
13.marine adj.海的；海产的；海生的
高频词汇
1.________ adj.皇家的；王室的；高贵的
2.________ n.航道；海峡；频道
royal
channel
3.________ n.纽带；关系 vt.& vi.增强信任关系；使牢固结合
4.____________ n.锦标赛；联赛
bond
tournament
5.________ n.笔记本电脑；便携式电脑
6.________ vt.对……征税；使纳税 n.税；税款
7.________ adj.有人控制的；需人操纵的
laptop
tax
manned
8.__________ adv.在水下 adj.水下的
9.__________ adv.与此同时；(比较两方面)对比之下
10.________ vt.把……载入正式记录；记录
n.正式记录；日
志；原木
11.________ n.逮捕；拘留；中止 vt.逮捕；拘留；阻止
underwater
meanwhile
log
arrest
拓展词汇
1.extend vt.扩展；使伸长；延长→_________ n.延伸；扩大；
延长期→_________ adj.广阔的；大规模的；广泛的
2.negotiate vt. 商定；达成 ( 协议)
vi. 谈判；磋商；协商 →
___________ n.谈判；协商→___________ n.谈判代表；协商者
3.withdraw vi.& vt.(使)撤回；撤离→__________ n.撤走；收回
4.politics n.政治；政治观点→________ adj.政治的→________
n.政治家；政客
extension
extensive
negotiation
negotiator
withdrawal
political
politician
5.profession n.职业；行业→____________ adj.职业的；专业的
n.专业人士；职业选手→_________ n.教授
professional
6.mixture n.混合；结合体；混合物→________ vi.& vt.(使)混
合；(使)掺和；(使)融合→________ adj.混合的；混杂的
7.coverage n.新闻报道；覆盖范围→________ vt.覆盖；报道；
涉及 n.封面
professor
mix
mixed
8.applaud vt.& vi.鼓掌
vt.称赞；赞赏→________ n.鼓掌；掌
声；喝彩
cover
applause
9.migration n.迁移；迁徙；移居→_________ v.迁移；迁徙→
_________ n.移居者；移民
migrate
migrant
10.exploit vt.开发；利用；剥削→____________ n.开发；利用；
剥削
exploitation
murderer
merciful
11.murder vt.谋杀；凶杀；毁坏 n.谋杀；凶杀→___________
n.谋杀犯
merciless
12.mercy n.仁慈；宽恕；恩惠→__________ adj.仁慈的；宽大
的→_________ adj.无情的；残忍的
possess
oppose
opposed
13.possession n.[usually pl.]个人财产；拥有；控制→________
vt.拥有；占有；具有
14.opponent n.反对者；对手；竞争者→__________ vt.反对；
抵制→__________ adj.反对的；截然不同的
熟词生义
exploit
【熟义】 vt.开发
【生义】 vt.利用；剥削
【典例】Critics claim he exploited the children for personal gain.
批评家称他为一己私利利用了孩子们。
重点短语
1.set ________ 起航；开航
2.________ a league of one's own 独领风骚
3.withdraw ________ 退出；撤回
4.________ hand 在手头；可供使用
5.press ___________ 记者招待会；新闻发布会
6.reach ________ 伸出(手)
sail
in
from
in
conference
out
7.find one's __________ 找到正确的路；渗入到；推开人群挤
进去
8.________ the command of 在……的控制下/指挥下
9.for the ________ of 为了……的利益
10.be related ________ 与……有关
way
under
benefit
to
精选佳句
教材原句
which
also
led
to
1.Here, merchants from China and many other places met to
negotiate trade deals, ________ ________ ________ ________ more
awareness of each other's cultures.在这里，来自中国和其他许多地方
的商人聚在一起谈判贸易协议，这也让人们对彼此的文化有了更
多的了解。
句式结构
句式 1：which 引导的非限制性定语从句
教材原句
Although
China
withdrew
2.________ ________ ________ _______ _______ __________
after 1433, these land and sea routes remained active channels
between other cultures for centuries.尽管中国在 1433 年之后退出了
进一步的远征，但这些陆海通道在几个世纪里仍然是其他文化之
间活跃的通道。
from
further
expeditions
句式结构
句式 2：although 引导让步状语从句(不能和 but 连用)
教材原句
the
ice
will
melt
3.But if we burn these, ________ ________ ________ ________
more and this negative cycle will continue.但如果我们烧掉这些，冰
就会融化更多，这样的恶性循环就会继续下去。
句式结构
句式 3：if 引导的条件状语句，主句应用一般将来时，从句用
一般现在时
教材原句
Understanding
more
about
the
sea
4._____________ ________ ________ ________ ________ will
also help us manage its resources better.更多地了解海洋也将有助于
我们更好地管理海洋资源。
句式结构
句式 4：动名词作主语
课文复现
Trade and curiosity have often formed the foundation of mankind's
greatest achievements.1._________ (merchant) and explorers from the
East set sail from east to west many years before Columbus first did.
In ancient times, silk from China found its way along 2._______
became known as the Silk Road，3.____________ (extend) along the
coasts of the Indian Ocean, centred around Ceylon.Here, merchants
from China and many other places met to negotiate trade deals,
4.________ also led to more awareness of each other's cultures.
Merchants
what
extending
which
fleets
Under
Later, the Ming Dynasty sent seven large 5._______ (fleet) to sail
west on voyages of trade and exploration.6.________ the command of
Zheng He, they set sail from the South China Sea across the Indian
Ocean to the mouth of the Red Sea, and then to the east coast of
Africa.Although China 7.______________ (withdraw) from further
expeditions after 1433, these land and sea routes remained active
channels between other cultures for centuries.
To reach out across the sea 8.____________ (remain) a strong
desire today.The aim of the Belt and Road Initiative is to encourage
withdrew
remains
cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas, and
9.___________ (strength) the bonds between China and the rest of the
world. China has invested billions in systems and services along these
routes.China has also joined its friends across the sea on other
important projects.The need to trade and the desire to enhance
relationships will drive China 10.__________ (reach) out across the
sea far into the future.
strengthen
to reach
单句语法填空
1.The family was forced to live on credit from local _________
(merchant).
merchants
extension
professional
2.The ________ (extend) of the subway will take several months.
3.Most of the people on the course were __________ (profession)
women.
4.There was a great round of ________ (applaud) when the dance
ended.
applause
5.Language is an important part of culture, and ________ the
meanwhile, it reflects culture.
in
mixture
in
6.The city is a ________ (mix) of old and new buildings.
7.The business ________ hand was approaching some kind of
climax.
a
murdered
related
8.Music is ________ great channel for releasing your emotions.
9.The __________ (murder) woman was well known in the area.
10.In the future, pay increases will be ________ (relate) to
productivity.
1.mixture n.混合；结合体；混合物
【典例】
①What the plants pump through the air is a mixture of chemicals
known as volatile organic compounds, VOCs for short.植物从空气中
泵出的是一种被称为挥发性有机化合物(简称 VOCs)的混合物。
②With mixed feelings in mind, she doesn't know whether to
major in biology.心中百感交集，她不知道是否该主修生物学。
③I don't like to mix business with pleasure.我不喜欢把工作和
娱乐混为一谈。
④Dashan, who has been learning crosstalk, the Chinese comedic
tradition, for decades, wants to mix it up with the Western stand-up
tradition.大山学习相声已经几十年了，相声是中国的喜剧传统，他
想把它与西方的单口相声传统结合起来。
【归纳】
a mixture of...……的混合
【拓展】
mixed adj.混合的；混杂的
mixed feelings 百感交集
mix with (使)与……混(结)合
mix up with 与……混合起来
【即学即用】
单句语法填空
mixture
and/with
mixed
(1)This creation attracted a lot of attention thanks to its ________
(mix) of modern and traditional Chinese elements.
(2)First mix the butter ________ sugar together, and then add the
milk.
(3)I still have ________ (mix) feelings about going to Brazil.
完成句子，每空一词
a
mixture
of
languages
(4)古英语由多种语言融合而成。
Old English consisted of ______ ________ ______ __________.
2.applaud vt.& vi.鼓掌 vt.称赞；赞赏
【典例】
①Deeply affected by the speech of the biologist, the audience
warmly applauded for a long time.观众们被这位生物学家的演讲深
深感动了，久久地热烈鼓掌。
②We applauded him for his courage.我们称赞他的勇敢。
③There was a great round of applause when the girl finished
her lecture.那个女孩演讲结束时，全场响起一阵热烈的掌声。
【归纳】
applaud loudly/warmly 热烈鼓掌
applaud sb./sth.for (doing) sth.因(做)某事而赞赏某人/某物
【点津】
(1)applaud sb.for sth.表示“因某事赞赏某人”，还可以写为
praise sb.for sth.。
(2) 与 applaud 变名词一样用法的还有： respond(response) 和
defend(defence/defense)。
【拓展】
applause n.鼓掌；掌声
a round of applause 一阵掌声
break into thunderous applause 爆发出雷鸣般的掌声
【即学即用】
单句语法填空
applause
for
(1)We rose to applaud the actors when the performance came to
an end, and the ________ (applaud) lasted for a handful of minutes.
(2)The lady was applauded ________ her generosity.
完成句子，每空一词
(3)幕布落下时，全场爆发出雷鸣般的掌声。
It ________ ________ __________ ________ when the curtain
came down.
broke
into
thunderous
applause
3.mercy n.仁慈；宽恕；恩惠
【典例】
①I applaud your advice that we should learn to show mercy
to/have mercy on others.我赞同你关于我们应该学会怜悯别人的建
议。
②There was a time when some endangered mammals were
killed without mercy.曾经有一段时间，一些濒临灭绝的哺乳动物
被无情地杀害。
③To be exact, your design is at the mercy of department politics.
确切地说，你的设计受部门政治的支配。
【归纳】
have mercy on 对……怜悯
show mercy to sb.对某人仁慈
at the mercy of...在……的支配下；任由……摆布
without mercy 毫不留情地
out of mercy 出于怜悯
【拓展】
(1)merciful adj.怜悯的；仁慈的；宽大的
(2)merciless adj.无情的；残忍的
(3)be merciful/merciless to 对……有/没有怜悯心
【即学即用】
单句语法填空
on
to
at
merciful
(1)May he have mercy ________ all who are in danger!
(2)Turn to me and show mercy ________ me, as you always do
to those who love your name.
(3)The little ship was ________ the mercy of the storm.
(4)They asked her to be ________ (mercy) to the prisoners.
完成句子，每空一词
at
the
mercy
of
the
(5)船的马达坏了之后，他们只能听命于天气了。
After the boat's motor failed, they were ________ ________
________ ________ ________ ________.
weather
4.possession n.个人财产；拥有；控制
【典例】
①Right after Erin took possession of my wallet on the bus, she
posted a picture of my driver's license to an online forum, trying to see
if anyone knew me.艾琳在公车上抢了我的钱包之后，就把我的驾
照照片发到网上论坛，想看看有没有人认识我。
②He was charged with possessing a shotgun without being in
possession of a license.他被指控在没有执照的情况下持有猎枪。
③That picture is in the possession of Tom. 那张照片归汤姆所
有。
【归纳】
personal possessions 个人财产
get/take/gain/have possession of 拥有；占有
be in possession of 占有；拥有；持有
be in the possession of＝be in sb's possession 为某人所有；在某
人的控制下
【点津】
(1)in possession of 表示主动，其主语通常是人，意为“某人拥
有某物”；in the possession of 表示被动，其主语通常是物，意为
“某物被某人拥有”。如：
Mary is in possession of the house. ＝ The house is in the
possession of Mary.玛丽拥有这所房子。
(2)相同用法的短语还有： in control of(控制)与 in the control
of(由……掌控)；in charge of(负责)与 in the charge of(由……负责)。
【拓展】
possess v.拥有
be possessed of 具有(某品质、能力等)
【即学即用】
单句语法填空
(1)On her father's death，she came into ___________ (possess) of
a vast fortune.
possession
in
(2)Technical progress would put our firm ________ possession
of the home market.
(3)Although he doesn't possess much money, he is __________
(possess) of good health.
possessed
possessing
(4)Whenever your emotion is out of control, just keep it in mind
that only by __________ (possess) a good state of mind can you attain
success.
按要求完成句子
only by being possessed of/possessing
(5)务必记住只有拥有良好的心态你才能获得成功。(用倒装语
序)
a good state of mind can you attain success
Do keep in mind that ___________________________________
__________________________________________________.
5.arrest n.逮捕；拘留；中止 vt.逮捕；拘留；阻止
【典例】
①He got arrested for hunting frogs in large amount.他因为大量
捕猎青蛙而被捕。
②The police put the merchant under arrest in connection with
the robbery.警方逮捕了那个与抢劫案有关的商人。
③The newly-built fence to restrict public access to the hills
arrested our attention.新建的限制公众进入山区的栅栏引起了我们
的注意。
④She was under arrest on suspicion of murder.她因涉嫌谋杀而
被捕。
【归纳】
arrest sb.for sth.因某事逮捕某人
be under arrest 被逮捕
place/put sb.under arrest 逮捕某人
arrest one's attention 吸引某人的注意力
【拓展】
除了 arrest one's attention 表示“吸引某人的注意力”外，下面
这些短语也有同样的意思： attract one's attention, draw one's attention,
catch one's attention, catch one's eyes。
【即学即用】
单句语法填空
under
for
(1)You may consider yourself ________ arrest from this moment.
(2)The policeman arrested Tom ________ breaking into the rich
man's house.
arrested
the
little
girl's
attention
完成句子，每空一词
(3)那个小宝宝吸引了小姑娘的注意力。
The little baby _________ _________ _________ _________
__________.
1.set sail 起航；开航
【典例】
①Christopher Columbus set sail for the new world in 1492.克里
斯托弗·哥伦布于 1492 年启航前往新大陆。
②If you want to catch that train, we'd better set off/out for the
station immediately.如果你想赶上那趟火车，我们最好现在马上出
发去火车站。
③I was always trying to get Sara to go sailing with me. 我一直
想让莎拉和我一起去航海。
【点津】
set sail for 中的 for 不能换成 to，类似的短语还有 leave for(动
身去)。
【拓展】
set sail for 起航去……
set out/off for 动身去……
go sailing 驾船航行
【即学即用】
完成句子，每空一词
(1)泰坦尼克号最大的问题并不是船长在起航时期望航行安
全。
when
he
set
sail
The biggest problem with the grand Titanic was not that the
captain was expecting a safe journey ________ ________ ________
________.
gone
sailing
set
sail
for
(2)那些曾经航海的水手得到许可，下星期六可以启航去悉尼。
Those sailors who had ever ________ ________ were licensed to
________ ________ ________ Sydney next Saturday.
2.in hand 在手头；可供使用
【典例】
①Coke in hand, we walked hand in hand past a row of fences.
我们手拿可乐，手牵手走过一排篱笆。
②You'd better keep a dictionary close at hand.你最好把字典放
在手边。
③On the one hand, computers improve the working efficiency;
on the other hand, they also bring about some new problems.一方面，
计算机提高了工作效率；另一方面，它们也带来了一些新问题。
【拓展】
at hand 在手边；即将发生
by hand 用手；靠人工
hand in hand 手拉手；连在一起地
on (the) one hand...on the other hand...一方面……另一方面 ……
(相当于 for one thing...for another...)
hand in 提交；上交
hand out 散发；分发
hand over 移交；交出
hand down 传给(后代)
【即学即用】
单句语法填空
(1)We received a printed letter with a note added ________ hand.
(2)As the saying goes, success and failure always go hand _____
hand.
(3)On his retirement, he handed the business _______ to his son.
(4)Could you hand these books ________, please
by
in
over
out
1.Although China withdrew from further expeditions after
1433, these land and sea routes remained active channels between
other cultures for centuries.(教材 P26)尽管中国在 1433 年之后退
出了进一步的远征，但这些陆海通道在几个世纪里仍然是其他文
化之间活跃的通道。
【剖析】 本句是 although 引导的主从复合句。当 although 引
导让步状语从句时，意为“尽管；虽然”，从句一般放在句首，
且不能与 but 连用，但可以和 yet 或 still 连用。
【典例】
①(2021· 新高考 Ⅰ 卷 · 阅读理解 D)Although popular beliefs
regarding emotional intelligence run far ahead of what research can
reasonably support, the overall effects of the publicity have been more
beneficial than harmful.尽管关于情商的流行观点远远超出了研究
能够合理支持的范围，但总体而言，对公众的影响是利大于弊的。
②Despite the power cut, the hospital continued to function
normally.尽管停电了，医院仍然正常运作。
③Child as he is, he can help his mother do lots of housework.虽
然他是个孩子，但他能帮妈妈做很多家务。
【注意】
(1)与 although/though 不能和 but 连用一样，because 也不能和
so 连用。
(2)although、though、while、as 为连词，意为“尽管；虽然”。
despite 和 in spite of 为介词和介词短语，也意为“尽管”。
(3)as 表示“尽管”时，从句要用部分倒装语序。
【即学即用】
单句语法填空
Despite
of
(1)________ her earnest effort, she could not find a job.
(2)In spite ________ the threats of war, people went about their
business as usual.
完成句子，每空一词
(3)虽然科学家们对宇宙了解了很多，但仍有许多我们不知道
的东西。
Though/Although
scientists
have
learnt
______________ ________ ________ ________ a lot about the
universe, there is much we still don't know.
(4)尽管你读得很快，但你不可能在两天内读完这本书。(用倒
装语序)
Fast
as
you
read
________ ________ ________ ________, you can't finish the
book in two days.
2.But if we burn these, the ice will melt more and this negative
cycle will continue.(教材 P32)但如果我们烧掉这些，冰就会融化
更多，这样的恶性循环就会继续下去。
【剖析】 本句为主从复合句。从句为 if 引导的条件状语从句，
使用了一般现在时，主句用一般将来时，即“主将从现”。
【典例】
①(2022·北京卷·阅读理解 A)You'll be informed by email if you
are being deregistered as a result of missing sessions. 如果您因错过
课程而被取消注册，您将收到电子邮件通知。
②When every pupil in the school wears the uniform, nobody
will have to worry about fashion.当学校里每个学生都穿校服时，就
没有人会担心时尚了。
【注意】
如果主句是一般将来时，那么在由 when、while、before、after、
until、as soon as、if 等引导的表示将来行为的时间或条件状语从
句中，常用一般现在时态代替一般将来时态，表示将来的动作或
状态。
【即学即用】
will
be
able
to
catch
完成句子，每空一词
(1)如果你六点钟起床，就能赶上进城的首班车。
You ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ the first
bus to town if you get up at 6 o'clock.
(2)我一到上海就给你打电话。
as
soon
as
I will give you a ring ________ ________ ________ I get to
Shanghai.
(3)他来了我就告诉他这件事。
when
he
comes
I will tell him this matter ________ ________ ________.
【句型升级】
按要求完成句子
1.Tom made Jack come over to help him.(用被动语态改写句子，
每空一词)
was
made
to
come
over
Jack ________ ________ (by Tom) _______ _______ ________
to help him.
2.Though online communication develops rapidly, it is not the
most effective channel of communication.(用现在分词改写句子)
____________________________________________________
________________________________________
to share with his friends
3.Mike has a lot of travel experiences and he wants to share them
with his friends.(用非谓语动词短语改写句子)
Mike has a lot of travel experiences _______________________.
Though developing rapidly, online communication is not the
most effective channel of communication.
4.The man was so tired that he couldn't go any further.(改写句
子，每空一词)
too
tired
to
go
The man was _______ _______ _______ _______ any further.
5.因此，急需改变这种不恰当的行为。(用 There is an urgent
need to do sth.句式翻译句子)
____________________________________________________
So, there is an urgent need to change the improper behaviour.
【语篇写作】
写作课上，你协助修改同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语
言错误, 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删
除或修改
My 4-year-old son Sandy happened find a toy panda.He held
onto it all day but took it to bed with him at night.Later, I run across a
community post from a mum urgent looking for a lost panda—her
son's favourite.I messaged that we had one that evening.She was so
relieving! In the morning, I had to break the news to Sandy which
another little boy was missing his favourite toy.Tear streaming down
his face, he gave me the panda.The little treasure was returned back to
its rightful owner.This morning, I found a dropped-off card and new
panda for Sandy—as the big thank you for him! Thank you so much,
lovely neighbours!
My 4-year-old son Sandy happened to find a toy panda.He held
onto it all day and took it to bed with him at night.Later, I ran across a
community post from a mum urgently looking for a lost panda—her
son's favourite.I messaged that we had it that evening.She was so
relieved! In the morning, I had to break the news to Sandy that another
little boy was missing his favourite toy.Tears streaming down his face,
he gave me the panda.The little treasure was returned back to its
rightful owner.This morning, I found a dropped-off card and new
panda for Sandy—as a big thank you for him! Thank you so much,
lovely neighbours!