（8）Unit 4 Looking good, feeling good—高一英语牛津译林版（2020）必修第一册单元检测卷（B卷）
一、语法填空（共10小题；每小题4分，满分40分）
1.We are living in an age _____ online shopping is part of our daily life.
2.Many patients are getting the medical _____(treat) they need.
3.The film brought the hours back to me _____ I was taken good care of in that village.
4.As a teenager, I had more things to concentrate _____ than hanging out in the street.
5.In a way, the ocean has done humans a big favour by taking _____ some of carbon dioxide.
6.In a word, reading English novels can help us improve our English from many _____(aspect).
7.Some of his best _____(memory) are travelling to other countries with his father.
8.This will _____(negative) affect the economy over the first half of the year.
9.The government provided an _____(addition) $25 million to expand the service.
10.These strategies in the works will contribute to _____(overcome) these challenges..
二、阅读理解（共4小题；每小题5分，满分20分）
Human speech contains more than 2,000 different sounds, from the common "m" -and "a" to the rare clicks of some southern African languages. But why are certain sounds more common than others A ground-breaking, five-year study shows that diet-related changes in human bite led to new speech sounds that are now found in half the world's languages.
More than 30 years ago, the scholar Charles Hockett noted that speech sounds called labiodentals, such as "f" and "v", were more common in the languages of societies that ate softer foods. Now a team of researchers led by Damián Blasi at the University of Zurich, Switzerland, has found how and why this trend arose.
They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned(对齐), making it hard to produce labiodentals, which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth. Later, our jaws changed to an overbite structure(结构), making it easier to produce such sounds.
The team showed that this change in bite was connected with the development of agriculture in the Neolithic period. Food became easier to chew at this point. The jawbone didn't have to do as much work and so didn't grow to be so large.
Analyses of a language database also confirmed that there was a global change in the sound of world languages after the Neolithic age, with the use of "f" and "v" increasing remarkably during the last few thousand years. These sounds are still not found in the languages of many hunter-gatherer people today.
This research overturns the popular view that all human speech sounds were present when human beings evolved around 300,000 years ago. "The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings, but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution," said Steven Moran, a member of the research team.
11.Which aspect of the human speech sound does Damián Blasi's research focus on
A. Its variety. B. Its distribution. C. Its quantity. D. Its development.
12.Why was it difficult for ancient human adults to produce labiodentals
A. They had fewer upper teeth than lower teeth.
B. They could not open and close their lips easily.
C. Their jaws were not conveniently structured.
D. Their lower front teeth were not large enough.
13.What is paragraph 5 mainly about
A. Supporting evidence for the research results.
B. Potential application of the research findings.
C. A further explanation of the research methods.
D. A reasonable doubt about the research process.
14.What does Steven Moran say about the set of human speech sounds
A. It is key to effective communication.
B. It contributes much to cultural diversity.
C. It is a complex and dynamic system.
D. It drives the evolution of human beings.
三、七选五（共5小题；每小题4分，满分20分）
This is an article from a new health magazine.
①_____ That is the question for doctors and for you, as you try to decide what to do about your hungry stomach when it's nowhere close to mealtime. The short answer is: have the snack. Snacking has a bad reputation, conjuring up (使想起) images of greasy potato chips and sugary cookies. But when you make smart, strategic food choices, snacking can be of benefit.
Weight loss
Can snacking help you drop a few pounds Yes. A smart snack can prevent unhealthy overeating that comes from extreme hunger. "Your body is talking to you—just listen," said an expert. "So if you're starting to feel a bit hungry, don't wait." ②_____ Chips and cookies increase your blood sugar quickly, which leads to the sugar crash. Instead, try nuts and fruits.
Overall health
Snacking is a way to add a variety of nutrients (营养物) to your diet. You can't go wrong with a handful of mixed nuts, which can help your heart. ③_____ Attention : The body can absorb only a limited amount of protein per meal, so distributing protein throughout the day via snacking can maximise protein intake.
Mood and mental health
If you've been unhappy with someone while hungry, you know food can influence your mood. ④_____ Healthy snacking may also improve memory and cognitive (认知的) performance and help with mental health issues. If you wait too long to eat, your body will produce the stress hormone to remind you, which can lead to negative moods.
There are different ways to rise to this whole snacking thing. Choose a healthy, filling option in a proper size, and the benefits don't stop at weight loss and improved health. ⑤_____ When you snack mindfully, it's easier to take a deep breath, focus on exactly what you're eating at that moment, and enjoy the day around you too.
A. To snack or not to snack
B. Is snacking healthy or not
C. But you can't grab any old snacks.
D. Your general approach to life might be affected.
E. If you must have a snack at night, try cottage cheese.
F. Snacking on protein-rich foods helps give your body strength.
G. Snacking helps you avoid it, resulting in fewer mood swings and better focus.
四、书面表达（共1题；满分20分）
假设你是李华,上周英语课上你班就“中学生是否应该网上交友”进行了激烈的讨论,请你向校英文报投稿,就此事谈论你的观点。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Dear Editor,
A heated discussion was held in our English class last week about whether students should make friends online.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours
Li Hua
答案以及解析
一、语法填空
1.答案：when
解析：句意为:我们生活在一个网购已成为日常生活一部分的时代。设空处引导的是限制性定语从句,先行词age在句中意为“时代”,表时间,设空处在从句中作时间状语,因此设空处用关系副词when。
2.答案：treatment
解析：句意为:许多病人正在接受他们所需要的医治。medical treatment意为“医疗”,故填treatment。
3.答案：when
解析：句意为:这部电影使我回想起我在那个村子里受到很好的照顾的时光。定语从句的先行词是hours,表示时间关系词在从句中作时间状语,应用关系副词when引导该从句。
4.答案： on
解析：句意为:作为一个青少年,我有更多的事情要关注,而不是在街上闲逛。concentrate on为固定搭配,表示“集中注意力于;全神贯注于”。故填on。
5.答案： in
解析：句意为:在某种程度上,海洋吸收了一些二氧化碳,帮了人类一个大忙。take in 为固定搭配,意为“吸收;摄取”。故填in。
6.答案：aspects
解析：句意为:总之,阅读英文小说可以从许多方面帮助我们提高英语水平。设空处作介词from的宾语,其前有many修饰,应用名词复数形式。故填aspects。
7.答案：memories
解析：句意为:他最美好的一些回忆是和他父亲一起去其他国家旅游。some of...表示“……的一些”,其后接可数名词复数或不可数名词,memory意为“回忆;记忆”时是可数名词,且根据空后的are可知,此处应填名词复数。故填memories。
8.答案：negatively
解析：句意为:这将会给上半年的经济带来负面影响。修饰动词affect应用副词形式。
9.答案：additional
解析：句意为:政府另提供2,500万美元用于扩展该项服务。此处表示“额外的”,应用形容词additional。
10.答案：overcoming
解析：句意为:这些在筹备中的策略将会有助于克服这些挑战。contribute to doing sth意为“有助于做某事”。然板:to为介词。
二、阅读理解
11.答案： D
解析：推理判断题。通读全文尤其是最后一段可知，Damián Blasi的研究集中在语音的发展。故选D。
12.答案： C
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段"They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned(对齐), making it hard to produce labiodentals, which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth."可知，下颌构造使远古时期的成年人很难发出唇齿音。故选C。
13.答案： A
解析：主旨大意题。通读第五段可知，本段主要列出了研究结果的支撑性证据。故选A。
14.答案： C
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段"The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings, but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution"可知，这是一个复杂而动态的系统。故选C。
三、七选五
答案：ACFGD
解析：①根据下文的 That is the question可知,设空处应是一个问题;根据下文的what to do about your hungry stomach及The short answer is: have the snack.并结合选项可知,设空处提出的问题与是否吃零食相关。故A项(吃零食还是不吃零食 )能引起下文,符合语境。
②根据上文的A smart snack can prevent unhealthy overeating that comes from extreme hunger.可知,吃优质的零食能避免吃得过量;根据空前的don't wait和设空处后的Chips and cookies increase your blood sugar quickly, which leads to the sugar crash.可知,饥饿的时候立刻吃零食有助于后面少吃,但后面举例说明吃某些零食对身体不好,设空处应给出条件,C项(但你不能随便吃以前的零食)能承上启下,符合语境。
③根据空后一句可知,设空处应提到与蛋白质有关的话题,F项(吃富含蛋白质的零食有助于增强体质)符合语境。
④根据上文的If you've been unhappy with someone while hungry, you know food can influence your mood.可知,本段介绍的是食物会影响你的情绪,G项(吃零食可以帮助你避免它,从而减少情绪波动,更好地集中注意力)承接上文,符合语境。
⑤根据空前的don't stop at weight loss and improved health 和下文的When you snack mindfully, it's easier to take a deep breath, focus on exactly what you're eating at that moment, and enjoy the day around you too.可知,设空处应继续介绍吃零食在更广范围内的益处,结合选项,D项(你的总体生活方式可能会受到影响)符合语境。
四、书面表达
Dear Editor,
A heated discussion was held in our English class last week about whether students should make friends online. To be honest, I think it is not advisable to make friends online.
First of all, though students can express their feelings and opinions more freely by chatting online, they can't get immediate help from their online friends when they are in trouble. Besides, making friends online is a waste of time. What's more, sometimes students can be cheated by others online.
In general, students should put their study and safety first and spend more time on study instead of chatting on the Internet.
Yours,
Li Hua（7）Unit 4 Looking good, feeling good—高一英语牛津译林版（2020）必修第一册单元检测卷（A卷）
一、语法填空（共10小题；每小题4分，满分40分）
1.I live next door to a couple ________ children often make a lot of noise.
2.Bringing up a child alone should give you a sense of __________ (achieve).
3.He wrote many children's books, nearly half of _____ were published in the 1990s.
4.History and culture are the soul of a city, so we should value them the same _____ our own lives.
5.With a popular theme and a strong cast, producers are quite confident _____the box office.
6.It is said that a large amount of money _____(spend) building this new hospital last year.
7.Independence Day is set up in honour of the day on _____ America declared its independence from Britain.
8.We have reached a stage _____ we must start taking effective measures to protect the environment so as to save ourselves.
9.According to a recent survey, about eighty percent of teenagers _____(lack) enough exercise.
10.Now it's time _____(do) whatever we can do to prevent further damage to our natural environment.
二、阅读理解（共4小题；每小题5分，满分20分）
Whenever we turn on the TV or radio, read the newspapers, or surf the Internet, we'll be surrounded by the word "diet" everywhere. We have so easily been attracted by the promise of diet products that we have stopped thinking about what diet products are doing to us. We are paying for products that harm us psychologically and physically.
It's obvious that diet products weaken us psychologically. They allow us to jump over the thinking stage that our weight problems lie not in actually losing the weight, but in controlling the consumption of fat. All we have to do is swallow or recognize the word "diet" on food labels.
What's more, diet products have greater psychological effects. Every time we have a zero-calorie drink, we are telling ourselves that we don't have to work to get results. Diet products make people believe that gain comes without pain, and that life can be without resistance and struggles.
As a matter of fact, the danger that diet products bring not only lies in the psychological effects they have on us, but also in the physical harm they cause. Diet foods and diet pills contain zero calories only because the diet industry has created chemicals to produce these wonder products. And they can indirectly harm our bodies because taking them instead of healthy foods means we are stopping our bodies having basic nutrients. Diet products may not be nutritional, and the chemicals that go into diet products are potentially dangerous.
Losing weight lies in the power of minds, not in the power of chemicals. Think twice before buying diet products. Once we realize this, we will be much better able to resist diet products, and therefore, prevent the psychological and physical harm that comes from using them.
11.What can be inferred from the first paragraph
A. Diet products are cheap and healthy. B. People enjoy paying for diet products.
C. Diet products are misleading people. D. People are surrounded by “diet”.
12.What do the underlined words “gain comes without pain” in paragraph 3 mean
A. Losing weight is effortless. B. It costs a lot to lose weight.
C. Diet products are free of fat. D. Diet products cause no pain.
13.What are the psychological effects of diet products
A. People would hesitate before they enjoy diet foods.
B. People would pay more attention to their daily diet.
C. People would care about results instead of efforts.
D. People would try out varieties of diet products.
14.Why would diet products indirectly harm people physically
A. They are over-consumed. B. They lack chemicals.
C. They provide too much fat. D. They lack basic nutrients.
三、七选五（共5小题；每小题4分，满分20分）
Have you ever gotten a sudden burst of motivation(动力)to work out that only lasts a week Or have you created a whole workout plan only to lose that motivation a few days later There was a time when I hated working out. But now, working out is one of my favorite things to do. It isn't easy, but I have found a couple of ways to make myself stick to it. ①_____
Stop telling yourself that you don't have time to work out. ②_____ You could spend 10minutes taking a walk around the campus. Even if it's only a small amount, any exercise is enough to get you started.
③_____ When I was planning my workout schedule, I experimented with many different activities. I found that the ones I loved most were Pilates and yoga. After I started doing them more, I started looking forward to my workouts.
Find ways to make exercise more fun. ④_____ You can listen to your favorite music while working out. And you can also try changing the setting where you work out by taking a walk in the park - anything to get yourself excited to work out.
It's okay to take a break. When you first start working out, it can be difficult. I was getting all sorts of aches and pains when I first started. Please remember to take a break. ⑤_____ Once you're feeling better, you can get back to it.
Sticking to a workout plan can be difficult, but if you follow some of these tips, you may find that you're able to work out more consistently.
A. Your body needs to get some rest.
B. You can work out with friends or family.
C. Try many activities to find one that you love.
D. It doesn't matter how busy your schedule is.
E. Remember that exercise has a lot of great benefits.
F. So, if you're trying to work out more often, here are some tips.
G. And if you're feeling discouraged, just remember that you're not alone.
四、书面表达（共1题；满分20分）
假定你是李华,你的英国笔友Peter非常喜欢中 国饮食,来信希望你能给他做相关介绍。请你给他写一封回信,内容包括:
1. 中国饮食的特点;
2. 中国饮食的影响;
3. 欢迎来中国体验饮食文化。
注意：
1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
一、语法填空
1.答案：whose
解析： 考查完成句子。句意:我住在一对夫妇的隔壁, 他们的孩子经常吵闹。本句是定语从句, 现行词是couple在定语从句中做定语, 应该用whose引导, 所以填whose。
2.答案：achievement
解析：a sense of achievement成就感，是固定搭配。故填:achievement.
3.答案：which
解析：逗号后面的句子为非限制性定语从句, 先行词为children's books, 指物, 关系词在定语从句中作介词of的宾语, 故填which。
4.答案：as
解析：考查介词。句意:历史和文化是一个城市的灵魂,所以我们应该像珍视自己的生命一样珍视它们。the same as..."和……一样"为固定搭配。故填as。
5.答案：about/of
解析：考查介词。句意:由于受欢迎的主题和强大的演员阵容,制片人对票房很有信心。Be confident about/of意为"对……有信心/把握"。
6.答案：was spent
解析：考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:据说,去年建造这家新医院耗费了巨额资金。"a large amount of +不可数名词"作主语时,谓语动词应用单数;且根据时间状语last year 可知,此处应用一般过去时;此处 money 和spend是被动关系,故应用被动语态。
7.答案：which
解析：分析句子结构可知,此处为"介词+关系代词"引导定语从句,先行词为the day,空处应填which。on which 相当于when,在定语从句中作时间状语。
8.答案：when
解析：句意:我们已经到了必须开始采取有效措施保护环境以拯救自己的时候了。分析句子结构可知,空处引导定语从句,先行词为stage,表示"时期,阶段",空处在从句中作时间状语,故填when。
9.答案：lack
解析：考查主谓一致。"百分数+of +名词"作主语时,谓语动词的数应和名词保持一致,故填lack。
10.答案：to do
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意:现在我们是时候竭尽所能来阻止对自然环境的进一步破坏了。it's time to do sth."是时候做某事了"为固定句型,其中不定式作后置定语。故填to do。
二、阅读理解
11.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的We have so easily been attracted by the promise of diet products that we have stopped thinking about what diet products are doing to us. We are paying for products that harm us psychologically and physically.可知,人们容易被减肥产品所承诺的好处吸引,而忽略其对人产生的不良影响。故选C项。
12.答案： A
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线部分所在句的前一句可知,减肥产品让人们认为不用费力就能得到想要的结果,再根据下文的life can be without resistance and struggles可知,gain comes without pain的意思是“减肥毫不费力”。故选A项。
13.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。第三段主要讲减肥产品对人们心理上的影响。根据第三段中的Diet products make people believe that gain comes without pain, and that life can be without resistance and struggles.可知,减肥产品产生的心理效应是使人们认为不必坚持和努力就能得到想要的结果,也就是让人们更关心结果而不是努力。故选C项。
14.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的And they can indirectly harm our bodies because taking them instead of healthy foods means we are stopping our bodies having basic nutrients.可知,减肥产品之所以会间接伤害我们的身体,是因为它们不能提供人体所需要的基本营养物。故选D项。
三、七选五
答案：FDCBA
解析：①上文中的"It isn't easy, but I have found a couple of ways to make myself stick to it"说明虽然坚持锻炼很不容易,但作者找到了一些坚持下来的方法;下文作者结合自己的经历详细阐述了一些具体的建议。由此可知,F选项"那么,如果你想更经常地锻炼,这里有一些建议"承上启下,符合语境。故选F。
②由本段的主旨句"Stop telling yourself that you don't have time to work out"可知,本段主要阐述的建议是再忙也要抽出时间锻炼,不要说自己没时间锻炼;D选项"不管你的日程多忙都没关系"符合本段主旨,与下文中的"You could spend 10 minutes taking a walk around the campus"衔接紧密。故选D。
③空处是本段的主旨句。根据空后内容可知,本段主要介绍了作者通过尝试不同的活动找到了自己喜爱的运动,从而坚持了下去;C选项"尝试多种活动,找到你喜欢的那项活动"能够概括本段主旨。故选C。
④由本段的主旨句"Find ways to make exercise more fun"可知,本段主要阐述了如何让锻炼变得更有趣;B选项"你可以和朋友或家人一起锻炼"符合本段主旨。故选B。B项中的"You can"与下文中出现的"You can"和"And you can also"对应。
⑤由本段主旨句"It's okay to take a break"可知,本段主要阐述的是可以休息一下;空前作者结合自己的经历建议人们在刚开始锻炼感到不舒服时可以休息一下;A选项"你的身体需要休息一下"承接上文,且与空后的"Once you're feeling better, you can get back to it"衔接紧密。故选A。
四、书面表达
Dear Peter,
I'm very glad to know you like Chinese food, which makes me very proud. Now let me introduce it to you.
The Chinese dishes focus on not only color but also smell and taste. They are delicious and nutritious and a feast for the eves. In fact, food is a culture too, which has a profound influence on the Chinese lifestyles. Now more and more people pay attention to keeping in good health.
I sincerely invite you to China and experience our Chinese food culture.
Yours,
Li Hua
