（6）Unit 3 The art of painting—高二英语牛津译林版（2020）选择性必修第一册单元检测卷（B卷）
一、语法填空（共10小题；每小题4分，满分40分）
1.His success is down _____ a combination of talent and fortune.
2.It is widely known that she's a very wealthy woman _____ her own right.
3.The energy it gave to the room was _____(inspire) and uplifting.
4.Tom is really _____(amuse)! Working with him in the same office, I don't think I'll get _____(bore).
5.Bob never works hard at his lessons, so it's not _____(surprise) to see a disappointed look on his face after the exam.
6.With so many eyes staring at me, I was too _____(scare) to say a word.
7.The police have stepped up their search for the boy who went _____(miss) three days ago.
8.For those with family members far away, the personal computer and the phone are important in staying ________(connect).
9.The previous data of plastic consisting of only a small part reveals the amount of plastic in the sea is _____ the decline in recent years.
10.“Nicolo,” whose real name cannot _____(expose) to the public because of Italy's privacy laws, finished working the whole night at a factory in Turin.
二、阅读理解（共4小题；每小题5分，满分20分）
Human speech contains more than 2,000 different sounds, from the common "m" -and "a" to the rare clicks of some southern African languages. But why are certain sounds more common than others A ground-breaking, five-year study shows that diet-related changes in human bite led to new speech sounds that are now found in half the world's languages.
More than 30 years ago, the scholar Charles Hockett noted that speech sounds called labiodentals, such as "f" and "v", were more common in the languages of societies that ate softer foods. Now a team of researchers led by Damián Blasi at the University of Zurich, Switzerland, has found how and why this trend arose.
They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned(对齐), making it hard to produce labiodentals, which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth. Later, our jaws changed to an overbite structure(结构), making it easier to produce such sounds.
The team showed that this change in bite was connected with the development of agriculture in the Neolithic period. Food became easier to chew at this point. The jawbone didn't have to do as much work and so didn't grow to be so large.
Analyses of a language database also confirmed that there was a global change in the sound of world languages after the Neolithic age, with the use of "f" and "v" increasing remarkably during the last few thousand years. These sounds are still not found in the languages of many hunter-gatherer people today.
This research overturns the popular view that all human speech sounds were present when human beings evolved around 300,000 years ago. "The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings, but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution," said Steven Moran, a member of the research team.
11.Which aspect of the human speech sound does Damián Blasi's research focus on
A. Its variety. B. Its distribution. C. Its quantity. D. Its development.
12.Why was it difficult for ancient human adults to produce labiodentals
A. They had fewer upper teeth than lower teeth.
B. They could not open and close their lips easily.
C. Their jaws were not conveniently structured.
D. Their lower front teeth were not large enough.
13.What is paragraph 5 mainly about
A. Supporting evidence for the research results.
B. Potential application of the research findings.
C. A further explanation of the research methods.
D. A reasonable doubt about the research process.
14.What does Steven Moran say about the set of human speech sounds
A. It is key to effective communication.
B. It contributes much to cultural diversity.
C. It is a complex and dynamic system.
D. It drives the evolution of human beings.
三、七选五（共5小题；每小题4分，满分20分）
Do you draw to express yourself or for fun Do you know that drawing has positive health benefits Drawing is a form of expression and communication. Artists of all ages, countries, cultures, and social classes, have delighted humanity with their works. They can express their wants and their lifestyles. ①_____
Drawing helps widen your communicative range. This is because it allows you to express what you feel and what you want in a different way. ②_____ This form of communication is especially significant for people who have communication problems. Shy people who are not capable of verbally(口头上) communicating in a natural manner would also find it especially helpful.
③_____ The left cerebral hemisphere(左脑), responsible for logical tasks,plays a role. At the same time, the right cerebral hemisphere, responsible for creativity and imagination also cooperates. Therefore, when you draw, you are working with your brain to develop its abilities.
It clearly benefits your mental health. ④_____ This is due to the fact that when we draw, we tend to focus on the message we want to get across and not on external events. On the other hand, it helps to distract you from difficult problems or difficult situations that you may be going through, while we do something relaxing.
Drawing is something that you can do in the company of others.⑤_____ It is an activity in which you can be clear-headed, calm, work with your brain, and just have fun all at the same time.
A.Drawing can relieve stress and anxiety.
B.Not your strength, but the process of drawing matters.
C.Your brain works actively during the process of drawing.
D.On the one hand, drawing helps develop your concentration.
E.This can promote friendships and let you spend good times with friends.
F.You are able to show your feelings, emotions, and thoughts through drawing.
G.Through these works, we can see drawing has great value as art and many benefits.
四、书面表达（共1题；满分20分）
假定你是李华,你的英国朋友Peter得知你所在的城市将举办一个中学生国画作品展览,特来信向你询问相关事宜。请你给他回信,内容包括:
1.展览的时间和地点;
2.展览的内容;
3.参观时的注意事项。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数;
3.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear Peter,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
答案以及解析
一、语法填空
1.答案：to
解析：考查介词。句意:他的成功是天赋和好运的结合。固定短语be down to意为“由……引起(或造成)”,故填to。
2.答案：in
解析：考查固定搭配。句意:众所周知,她本身就是非常富有的女人。固定短语in one's own right意为“凭自身的资格”。故填in。
3.答案：inspiring
解析：考查动词-ing形式作表语。句意:它带给这个房间的活力是鼓舞人心和令人振奋的。设空处表示energy所具有的特征,应用动词-ing形式作表语。故填 inspiring。
4.答案：amusing; bored
解析：考查动词-ing形式和动词-ed形式作表语。第一空表示Tom所具有的特征,他是“有趣的”,应用动词-ing形式作表语;第二空说明I的状态,应用动词-ed形式作表语。故填amusing和bored。句意:汤姆真有趣!和他在一间办公室工作,我认为我不会感到无聊。
5.答案：surprising
解析：考查动词-ing形式作表语。句中的it作形式主语,真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语,设空处表示主语所具有的特征,应用动词-ing形式作表语。故填surprising。句意:鲍勃在功课上从不用功,所以考试后在他脸上看到失望的表情也就不足为奇了。
6.答案：scared
解析：考查动词-ed形式作表语。句意:有那么多双眼睛盯着我,我吓得一句话也说不出来。主语I指人,所以此处应用scared作表语,说明主语I的状态。故填scared。
7.答案：missing
解析：考查动词-ing形式作表语。句意:警方已加紧搜寻三天前走丢的那个男孩。此处went为连系动词,设空处作表语,go missing表示“找不到,走丢”。故填missing。
8.答案：connected
解析： 句意：对于那些与家人相距遥远的人来说，个人电脑和电话在保持联系方面很重要。stay connected保持联系。
9.答案：on
解析：考查固定搭配。句意:此前只包括一小部分的塑料的数据显示,海洋中塑料的数量近年来在下降。固定短语 on the decline意为“在下降”。故填on。
10.答案：be exposed
解析：考查被动语态。分析句子成分可知,设空处作从句的谓语动词,且所给提示词expose与从句主语real name之间是被动关系,所以应用被动语态。故填be exposed。句意:由于意大利的隐私法,“Nicolo”的真实姓名不能公之于众,他完成了在都灵的一家工厂一整晚的工作。
二、阅读理解
11.答案： D
解析：推理判断题。通读全文尤其是最后一段可知，Damián Blasi的研究集中在语音的发展。故选D。
12.答案： C
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段"They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned(对齐), making it hard to produce labiodentals, which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth."可知，下颌构造使远古时期的成年人很难发出唇齿音。故选C。
13.答案： A
解析：主旨大意题。通读第五段可知，本段主要列出了研究结果的支撑性证据。故选A。
14.答案： C
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段"The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings, but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution"可知，这是一个复杂而动态的系统。故选C。
三、七选五
答案：GFCDE
解析：①根据上文“Artists of all ages, countries, cultures, and social classes, have delighted humanity with their works.”可知,这里主要在讲艺术家及其作品的重要价值,所以G项符合语境,G项中的“these works”与上文中的“their works”相呼应。故选G。
②根据上文“This is because it allows you to express what you feel and what you want in a different way.”可知,这里在说绘画在表达情感方面的作用。所以F项符合语境,F项中的“show your feelings, emotions, and thoughts”和上文中的“express what you feel and what you want”相呼应。故选F。
③设空处位于段首,推断为本段的主旨句。根据下文“The left cerebral hemisphere...you are working with your brain to develop its abilities.”可知,本段主要讲的是在绘画的过程中大脑的作用。C项符合语境,概括了本段的主旨,C项中的“brain”是复现词。故选C。
④下文“On the other hand, it helps to...while we do something relaxing.”说了绘画对心理健康的另一方面作用,所以D项符合语境,讲了绘画对人的心理健康的好处。on the one hand... on the other hand...是固定搭配,意为“一方面……另一方面……”。故选D。
⑤本段主旨句“Drawing is something that you can do in the company of others.”说绘画是可以在别人的陪伴下做的事情,所以E项符合语境,说明绘画对友谊的好处。E项中的“friendships”和“friends”与上文中的“in the company of others”相呼应。故选E。
四、书面表达
Dear Peter,
You asked me about the painting exhibition in your last letter and the following is a brief introduction.
The exhibition, whose theme is "Amazing China", will be held from next Monday to Friday in the exhibition hall located on the third floor of the City Museum. Some extraordinary Chinese paintings created by the middle school students will be displayed. By the way, visitors are not permitted to take photos during the exhibition. It is also bad manners to talk loudly in the museum.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua（5）Unit 3 The art of painting—高二英语牛津译林版（2020）选择性必修第一册单元检测卷（A卷）
一、语法填空（共10小题；每小题4分，满分40分）
1.It wasn't until a couple of hours later _____ we opened the doors and began serving dinner.
2.Ever since they quarreled, Jane has been extremely _____(depress) and upset.
3.Many young people |are finding it more and more difficult to find _____(employ).
4.We got a little _____(sunburn), but the day had been so relaxing that we didn't mind.
5.We want to expose the kids _____ as much art and culture as possible.
6._____ struck me that the little boy swimming alone in the pool was my neighbour.
7.When I returned to London in 2004, I found myself ________(wander) down to South-bank, spending hours there.
8.It's difficult for us _____(do) much work in such a short time.
9.Landing on the moon's far side is very _____(challenge).
10.The majority of members were opposed _____ my proposal, which upset me greatly.
二、阅读理解（共4小题；每小题5分，满分20分）
Pieter Bruegel’s 1565 realistic painting The Harvesters hangs at the Metropolitan Museum of Art. “The work describes farmers cutting wheat nearly as tall as they are,” Ghent University biologist Ive De Smet says. “Nowadays, if you walk through a wheat field, you basically see wheat is about knee-high, which is a consequence of selective breeding (培育) from the second half of the 20th century.” De Smet says he’s teaming up with art historian David Vergauwen of Amarant to look at things where they can spot differences in shape, in color, and in size. Wheat is just one example of how historical artwork can help track the transformation of food crops over time.
Friends since childhood, they took interest in plants in artwork and began with a visit to the Hermitage Museum in Russia—where they noticed an odd-looking watermelon in an early-17th-century painting by Flemish artist Frans Snyders.
“So if you think of a watermelon, you cut it through, it should be dark red on the inside. But that one appeared to be pale and white.” De Smet assumed the painter had done a poor job. But Vergauwen said, “This is one of the best painters ever from that era. So if he paints it like that, that’s the way it must have been.” Other paintings showed that both red and white watermelons were raised during the 17th century.
The team hopes to set up an online research database of historical plant artwork. They create a social media hashtag (主题标签) for it. Anyone could send pictures of relevant artwork and details of plants when they visit a museum or exhibit through the hashtag. But, they add, the sources need to be realistic. “If you’re going to use, for example, Picasso to understand how a pear looked, you might be misled.”
11.What can we learn from De Smet’s words in paragraph 1
A. Humans have mainly fed on wheat since 1565.
B. Selective breeding affects agricultural structure.
C. Wheat has gone through great changes in height.
D. The scene in The Harvesters may be unbelievable.
12.What is Vergauwen’s attitude to the watermelon painted by Frans Snyders
A. Curious. B. Disapproving. C. Doubtful. D. Favorable.
13.Why is the social media hashtag created
A. To collect more paintings for their database.
B. To encourage people to focus on art.
C. To advertise their research database.
D. To share some historical plant artwork.
14.What is the text mainly about
A. Ancient paintings focused on food crops.
B. Old art reveals agricultural information.
C. Two men create a database of plant artwork.
D. Plants today are different from their ancestors.
三、七选五（共5小题；每小题4分，满分20分）
Children art education is something that is much encouraged for the child's creative growth. This is necessary because a child can have a sense of appreciation of the arts and along with all the other things that they learn in school. ①__________
Children art education should be designed from a very early age so that they are allowed to express themselves freely in whatever way that they wish to. ②__________
However, the task of children art education is not a very easy one, because you have to find the right way in which you can help them get interested in what you are trying to teach them. ③__________ The physical space where the art education is to be carried out should also be carefully decorated to make it attractive to the children. Use of colours should be made in abundance(丰富) as that is what attracts a child first to it.
Displaying examples of artwork that you think would be important enough to influence the children is also a good idea. Of course, a photograph of a painting of the Madonna is something that children might not appreciate. ④__________ This will be a source of inspiration for the children to try them out as well.
The creative process is something that you must not interfere with(干涉) during a children art education class. ⑤__________ But after that, you must wait for the children themselves to come up with something meaningful to their ability. As long as the end result is connected with the topic, every child's art work is worth praising.
A. You can just give them a topic for drawing.
B. A trip to an art museum can be an inspiration to many students.
C. They also have a place where they can express all their feelings.
D. The reason for this could be the lack of interest in the teacher.
E. This is the only way that art can be appreciated as children grow up.
F. So creating the right environment for children art education is very important.
G. Instead, put up paintings that children will be fond of.
四、书面表达（共1题；满分20分）
假设你是李华,在国庆节前你校举办了主题为“美丽中国”的现场国画(traditional Chinese painting)比赛。请为校报英文专栏写一篇活动报道。内容包括：
1. 活动时间地点,
2. 活动概况,
3. 活动意义
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
3.题目已拟好,不计入总词数。
Beautiful China In Traditional Chinese Painting
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
一、语法填空
1.答案：that
解析：考查强调句型。句意:直到几个小时后,我们才打开门,开始供应晚餐。本句是对not until引导的时间状语进行强调。强调句型的基本结构为:It is/was+被强调部分+that+其他部分。故填that。
2.答案：depressed
解析：考查形容词。句意:自从他们吵架以来,简一直非常沮丧和难过。此处作表语,修饰表示人的主语,应用以-ed结尾的形容词。故填depressed。
3.答案：employment
解析：考查名词。句意:许多年轻人感到找工作越来越难。设空处作动词find的宾语,应用名词;根据语境可知,此处指的是“工作,职业”。故填employment。
4.答案：sunburned/sunburnt
解析：句意: 我们都有点晒伤, 但是那天是如此的令人放松, 我们并不在意。此处的get是系动词, we与sunburn是被动关系, 故填过去分词, 构成"get+过去分词"式被动式。get sunburned/sunburnt意为"被晒伤"。
5.答案：to
解析：考查固定短语。句意：我们想让孩子们接触尽可能多的艺术和文化。固定短语expose...to...表示“使……接触……”,其中to是介词。故填to。
6.答案：It
解析：考查固定句型。句意:我突然想起在游泳池里独自游泳的那个小男孩是我的邻居。固定句型“It strikes/struck sb. that...”意为“某人突然想起……”。故填It。
7.答案：wandering
解析：考查现在分词。句意:当我2004年回到伦敦时,我发现自己漫步到了南岸,在那里待了几个小时。分析句子成分可知,设空处为“find+宾语+宾补”结构中的宾补,其与宾语myself之间为主动关系,所以应用动词-ing形式作宾补。故填wandering。
8.答案：to do
解析：考查动词不定式。句意:对我们来说,在这么短的时间内做很多工作是困难的。此处为固定句型“It's+形容词+for sb.to do sth.”,It为形式主语,此处应用动词不定式作真正的主语。故填to do。
9.答案：challenging
解析：考查形容词。句意:在月球背面着陆是非常具有挑战性的。设空处表示Landing on the moon's far side 这件事所具有的特征,应用以-ing结尾的形容词作表语。故填challenging。
10.答案：to
解析：考查固定搭配。句意:大多数成员反对我的提议,这使我很不高兴。固定搭配 be opposed to意为“反对”。故填to。
二、阅读理解
11.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段Nowadays, if you walk through a wheat field, you basically see wheat is about knee-high, which is a consequence of selective breeding from the second half of the 20th century.(如今,如果你走过一块麦田,你基本上会看到小麦大约有膝盖那么高,这是20世纪下半叶选择性育种的结果)可知,我们可以从德斯米特在第一段中的话中了解小麦在高度上经历了很大的变化。故选C。
12.答案：D
解析：观点态度题。根据第三段But Vergauwen said, "This is one of the best painters ever from that era. So if he paints it like that, that's the way it must have been."(但Vergauwen说："这是那个时代最好的画家之一。所以如果他把它画成那样,那就一定是那样的。")可知,Vergauwen认为Frans Snyders画的西瓜是真实的,表示支持。故选D。
13.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段The team hopes to set up an online research database of historical plant artwork. They create a social media hashtag (主题标签) for it. (该团队希望建立一个历史植物艺术品的在线研究数据库。他们为它创建了一个社交媒体标签。)可知,社交媒体标签被创建是为了收集更多的与植物有关的绘画作品。故选A。
14.答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段Wheat is just one example of how historical artwork can help track the transformation of food crops over time.(小麦只是历史艺术作品如何帮助追踪粮食作物随时间而变化的一个例子。)并结合全文内容可知,通过以在大都会艺术博物馆展出的一幅1565年的绘画作品"The Harvesters"为例,结合其它艺术作品,说明了可以通过过去的艺术作品了解当时的农业情况。故选B。
三、七选五
答案：CEFGA
解析：①意群契合题。空格前提到对孩子们进行艺术教育很重要,因为这能让他们对艺术品以及在学校学到的其他东西,都有鉴赏力。由此可知,此处介绍的是对孩子进行艺术教育的原因。C项意为“他们也有表达他们所有情感的地方”,也是对孩子进行艺术教育的一个原因,且其中的also一词体现了上下文的递进关系。因此C项符合此处语境。
②逻辑推理题。空格前提到对孩子进行艺术教育应该从小开始,以便于他们能够按照自己想要的方式来自由表达自己的看法。E项意为“这是孩子成长过程中能够欣赏艺术的唯一方式”,其中的grow up和空格前一句中的from a very early age相呼应。因此E项符合此处语境。
③ 逻辑推理题。空格前提到孩子的艺术教育不是容易的事情,因为你得找到能让孩子对你所教的内容感兴趣的正确方式。由此可以推测,空格处应该与具体的方式有关。F项意为“所以,为孩子的艺术教育营造合适的环境是非常重要的”,符合此处语境。
④意群契合题。空格前提到展示足以影响孩子的艺术品是一个好办法,但孩子对《圣母玛利亚》画像的照片不会喜欢。空格后提到这是让孩子去尝试的灵感源泉。由此可以推测,空格处说的是能带给孩子灵感的做法。G项意为“而是挂孩子喜欢的画作”,符合此处语境。
⑤逻辑推理题。空格前提到你不能干涉孩子的创作过程。空格后提到但在那之后,你必须等孩子自己想出对他们能力而言有意义的东西。由此可以推测,空格处应涉及你可以为孩子做的事情。A项意为“你可以给他们一个画画的主题”,符合此处语境。
四、书面表达
Beautiful China in Traditional Chinese Painting
Last Friday witnessed a traditional Chinese painting competition “Beautiful China" on campus, which has sparked a growing love for traditional art. Over one hundred students participated in the competition. As the competition began, participants laid out the paper, picked up the paintbrush and gave full play to their talent, displaying the beauty of our motherland. Two hours later, the competition came to an end. The results will be announced in two days and the winning entries will be on show in the exhibition hall. Most of the students think highly of this live painting competition, which provides a platform for them to explore the beauty of China and experience the charm of Chinese art.
