人教版八年级上册Unit 10知识点

U10复习
Section A 知识点
1. meeting (Cn.) 会议 →meet (v.) 遇见，会面，满足 met
attend /call /hold /have /at a meeting
eg. We are going to call a meeting to discuss it.
a sports / class / parents' meeting
eg. We have to put off the sports meeting because of the heavy rain.
2. video (Cn.) 录像带，录像，视频 (pl.) videoswatch a video
3. organize (v.) 组织，筹备 英式英语中书写为organise
organize a meeting 组织一次会议
organized (adj.)有条理的
organization (n.) 组织，机构
organizer (n.) 组织者，筹划者
eg. The organizer of the party is a well-organized manager working in a large organization. He has organized many famous activities.
本次聚会的组织者是一位很有条理的经理，他就职于一家大型的机构，他组织过许多知名的活动。
4. upset (adj.) 难过的，失望的，沮丧的
①be/feel upset about /at/ over (doing) sth.为（做）某事而难过
eg. I felt upset about doing housework.
②be/feel upset with sb. = be angry with sb.生某人的气
eg. He was upset with his son for giving no reason.
(n.)搅乱，使烦恼 过去式upset
eg. At first, the idea of cleaning the tables upset me.
起初，清理桌子的想法使我很烦恼。
5. advice (Un.) 劝告，建议 a piece of advice / some advice.
suggestion (Cn.) 建议 a suggestion / some suggestions
①. give sb. some advice on sth.给某人一些关于某事的建议
②. ask sb. for advice向某人征求建议
③. take / follow sb' s advice听从某人的建议
④. get the advice from sb. 从某人那里得到建议
6. advise (v.) 劝告，建议
①advise sb. about / on sth. 就某事给某人忠告/建议
eg. Mr. brown advised us on learning English.
② advise sb. (not) to do sth. 劝告某人(不)要做某事
eg. Our teacher advised us not to make mistakes in exam.
③ advise doing sth. 劝告/建议做某事
eg. My father advises traveling to England.
④ advise +that 从句（从句用虚拟语句，即should+do，should可省）
eg. Lily advised that she (should) organize a welcome party for me.
have a great/good/nice/wonderful time=have fun=enjoy oneself
过得愉快，玩得开心
have a great/good/nice/wonderful time=have fun+ doing sth.
Have a/an+adj. /+n. 向别人表示祝愿
Have a good trip!
half (adj.) 一半的
eg. Half the time has gone. 一半的时间已经过去了
half of +n. /pron. 一半的做主语时，谓语动词与of后面的名词或代词的数保持一致
eg. Half of the apple is rotten
eg. Half of the apples are rotten
(n.) 一半，半 halves
“几个半”的表示方法:
①“一个半”
one and a half + Cn.复=one + Cn.单 + and a half
eg. one and a half years ＝one year and a half
② “几个半”（＞1）
基数词+and a half+Cn.复=基数词+Cn.复+and a half
eg. two and a half hours = two hours and a half
half在时间表达上的运用
half an hour 半个小时
half+past+小时 half past five 五点半
in half 分成两半 相当于into half
9. order (v.) 订购，订货，点菜
order sth. from... 从...订购某物
order sb. sth.= order sth. for sb. 为某人订购某物
eg. We order the kids some fruits. = We order some fruits for the kids.
(v.)命令 ，要求
order sb. (not) to do sth. 命令某人去做某事
eg. She ordered her son to do the homework.
(n.) 命令，顺序，订单，秩序，点菜
in order 按顺序,整齐,秩序井然
in order to=in order that为了
Section B 知识点
10.travel (v.) 旅行，游历 traveled/travelled traveling/travelling
traveler/traveller (Cn.) 旅行者，游客 visitor tourist
travel to+地点名词 去某地旅行
(n.) 旅行，游历
space travel 太空旅行 air travel 航空旅行
eg. The traveler is fond of travel and he dreams about traveling around the world.这个游客喜欢旅游，他的梦想是周游世界。
【辨析】
① travel 长途旅行 go traveling
eg. I went travelling /traveled to the U.S.
② trip 短途旅行 go on a trip
eg. I went on a trip to Beijing.
③journey长途陆路旅行及过程 go on a journey
eg. Journey to the West 西游记
eg. Life is a journey.
④ tour 巡回游览
school tour 参观学校 concert tour 巡回演唱会
长途陆路用journey，短途短期用trip，
观光游玩用tour，泛指游历用travel。
11.agent (n.) 代理人，经纪人 an agent
agency (n.) 代理处，代理机构
12. expert (n.)专家，内行 an expert
(adj.) 专家的，内行的be expert in/ at doing sth.
13. keep... to oneself =keep a secret/secrets 保守秘密，不将...说出去
eg. I would be glad if you keep the news to yourself.
14. teenager (Cn.) 青少年 尤指13~19岁的
teenage (adj.) 十几岁的，青少年的
15. normal (adj.) 正常的，一般的 (n.) 常态，一般水平
normally (adv.) 正常地，通常
abnormal (adj.) 不寻常的，不普通的
eg. It is normal to feel tired after such a long trip.
eg. As normal people, we can bring a great change to life by doing a small good thing. 作为普通人，做一件小小的好事，就能给生活带来很大的改变。
16. unless (conj.) 除非，如果不 = if...not... 遵循主将从现 主祈从现
eg. Unless he invites me, I won't go to his party. = If he doesn't invite me, I want to go to his party.
eg. There is going to be more pollution unless people drive less.
eg. Don't pour the water into the river unless you make sure it is clean enough.
17. certainly
① (adv.) 无疑，肯定，当然 位于三后一前
certain (adj.) 某种的，无疑的
eg. He can certainly give you some advice.
②在答语中反复使用= sure / of course “当然可以，没问题”
-Can you help me ？
-Certainly/ Of course.
18. angry adj. 发怒的，生气的
angrily adv. 生气的，愤怒的
anger n. 怒气，
be/get angry 生气
be angry with/at sb. 生某人的气
eg. I was angry with him for keeping me waiting for so long.
be angry about /over sth. 对某事生气
eg. The teacher was angry about his carelessness.
19. understanding (adj.) 善解人意的，体谅人的
比较级/最高级 more / most understanding
understand (v.) 理解,明白 unserstood
eg. Luckily, I have a very understanding mother.
(n.) 理解,体谅
eg. Your understanding is the greatest help.
20. careless (adj.) 粗心的，不小心的 careful (adj.) 小心的，仔细的
carelessly (adv.) 粗心地 carefully (adv.) 小心地
carelessness (n.) 粗心 care (v.) 关心
eg. Tom is a careless boy, and he always does his homework very carelessly, he didn't pass the exam because of his carelessness, the teacher told him that he must be careful when studying.
be careful about /of注意...
be careful with 小心处理
be careful (not)to do sth. 注意不要做某事
21. mistake (Cn.) 错误，失误
make mistakes/a mistake (in...) (在...方面)犯错误
eg. Good learners are not afraid of making mistakes.
by mistake 错误地，无意中
eg. I'm sorry I took your book by mistake.
(V.) 误解，弄错 mistook
mistake... for... 把...错当成
eg. I mistook this book for mine.
solve (v.) 解决，解答 solution n. 解决方法
+ problem 表示难度较大的问题 the solution to the problem
eg. Being angry can't solve problems.
answer (v.) 回答，答复+question 表示难度较小的问题
the answer to the question
eg. Who can answer my question
23. step (n.) 步，步骤，措施，台阶
take steps 采取措施
step by step 一步步地，逐步地
eg. We should to take the steps to protect the environment.
24. trust
①(v.) 相信,信任 distrust 不相信
侧重于信任人的品质能力=believe in
eg. I just don't trust him.=I just don't believe in him.
believe表示相信某人所说的话，但不一定相信此人
②trust sb. / sth. 相信某人/某物
③trust sb. (not) to do sth. 相信某人(不)会做某事
eg. You can trust me not to tell anyone.
④(n.) 信任，信赖
eg. If you put your trust in me, I will not let you down.
如果你信任我，我就不会让你失望
25. experience
(Un.) 经验 (Cn.) 经历 (V.) 经历
My aunt is a tour guide with much experience, and he had experienced many things in her work, she often tells us her experiences.
26. halfway (adj.) (adv.) 在中途，部分地做
be halfway to doing sth. 完成了或做了某件事情的一半/部分
eg. We are halfway to finishing the job. 我们完成了工作的一部分。
27. else (adv.) 别的，其他的 用来修饰疑问代词，疑问副词或不定代词，位于其后
other (adj.) 其余的,另外的 用来修饰名词，位于名词之前
It is best (not) to do sth. = You'd better (not) do sth.
eg. It is best to speak english every day. = You'd better speak english every day.
run 跑，运转，流水
过去式ran 过去分词 run 现在分词 running
run away from 逃避，回避
eg. You can't run away from your responsibilities.
run off 跑掉 run after 追赶
run out of 用完，用光 run away 逃跑，出逃
语法
一、If如果引导条件状语从句
① 位置灵活，可位于主句之前，可位于主句之后为主句之前使用逗号隔开
eg. If you go there, I will go, too.
eg. My mother will take me to the park if she is free.
② 主将从现, 主祈从现，主情从现
eg. If you give him the chance, he will thank you very much.
eg. We can finish the work on time if we start now.
eg. Work hard if you want to get good grades.
③if引导的条件状语从句=祈使句+and (表顺承)/or (表否则)+陈述句
eg. You are more outgoing, you will have more friends.=Be more outgoing , and you will have more friends.
eg. If you don't get up early, you will be late for school. = Get up early , or you will be late for school.
④If引导的条件状语从句=with
if...not = without
eg. If you help me, I'll finish my homework soon.=With your friend, I will finish my homework soon.
eg. If there is no water, fish will die. = Fish will die without water.
二、should 情态动词 "应该,应当"
①无人称、数的变化
②should后+V原
③表征求意见，劝告建议，要求命令，预测可能
④句式:
肯定句: should do
否定句: shouldn't do
一般疑问句: Should +主+V原+其他？
回答: Yes, 主+should
No, 主+shouldn’t
作文: 最近你的美国笔友Tony在于同学的交往中遇到了烦恼，他写邮件向你寻求帮助，请你以李华的身份给他写一封邮件，提出你的一些建议，建议内容包括遇到问题多倾诉，多与他人分享情绪，尊重他人，与人为善，诚实守信。
三段式: 点名主题，给出建议，表达祝愿
I'm sorry to hear that you have problems....
Here are some suggestions for you.
Here is some advice for you.
If you have difficulties/ problems you should...
You should /are supposed to.
....will help you solve the problem.
...will give you some advice.
If you... you will make more friends.
Sharing a problem is like cutting it in half.与人分担一个烦恼，就像把烦恼成了两半。
A smile can make you ten years younger.笑一笑，十年少。
Dear Tony,
I'm sorry to hear that you have problems with classmates, I'm glad to help you. Here are some suggestions for you.
First, if you have difficulties, you should always remember to share them with your friends, your teacher or your friends. They will help you solve them. Second, you are supposed to respect your classmates to get along with them.Third, you should be friendly to people around you, you can help each other. Last but not least, you have to be honest with your classmates. Then you will make more friends.
I hope everything will go well with your you soon.
Yours，
Li Hua