人教版八年级下册英语Unit 6An old man tried to move the mountains 知识点（含短语 句型 精讲 作文）

人教版八年级下册英语Unit 6 知识点（含短语+句型+精讲+作文）
Unit 6 An old man tried to move the mountains.
一、 课内短语归纳
1. work on doing sth. 致力于做某事
2. as soon as ... 一……就…....
3. once upon a time 从前
4. continue to do sth. 继续做某事
5. make sth. happen 使某事发生
6. try to do sth. 努力做某事
7. the journey to sp. ......之旅
8. tell the/a story 讲故事
9. put on 穿
10. a little bit 有点儿
11. keep doing sth. 坚持做某事
12. give up 放弃
13. instead of 代替;反而
14. turn...into... 使......变成......
15. get married 结婚
16. the main character 主要人物；主人公
17. at other times 在另外一些时候
18. be able to 能;会
e out (书、电影等)出版
20. become interested in... 对……感兴趣
21. walk to the other side 走到另一边去
22. a fairy tale 一个神话故事
23. the rest of the story 故事的其余部分
24. leave sb. to do sth. 让某人做某事
25. make a plan to do sth. 筹划/计划做某事
26. go to sleep 去睡觉
27. lead sb. to sp. 把某人领到某地
28. get lost 迷路
29. change one’s plan 改变计划
30. tell sb. to do sth. 叫某人做某事
31. in the moonlight 在月光下
32. find one’ s way home 找到某人回家的路
33. the next day 第二天
34. send sb. to sp. 派某人去某地
35. so...that... 如此.......以致于.......
二、 重点词汇解析
1. finish doing
finish意为“完成，结束”，作及物动词时，其后可跟名词、代词或动名词。即：finish sth.或finish doing sth.。
I finished my homework this morning. 我今天上午做完了作业。
When did you finish drawing the picture 你什么时候画完那副画的？
Can you finish reading this book tomorrow 明天你能读完这本书吗？
※ 能接v.-ing作宾语的动词还有：practice; enjoy; mind; keep等。
practice doing sth. 练习做某事
enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事
mind doing sth. 介意做某事
keep doing sth. 一直做某事
In my class, most of the students enjoy singing English songs. 在我们班，大多数学生喜欢唱英语歌。
Do you mind opening the window 你介意打开窗户吗？
2. finally
finally是副词，多修饰动态动词，位置较灵活，可位于句中、句首或句尾，位于句中时，要放在be动词、助动词和情态动词之后，行为动词之前。
They finally found the lost child. 他们终于找到了丢失的孩子。
He worked out the math problem finally. 他终于解出了那道数学题。
※ finally; at last和in the end的辨析：
(1) finally强调在列举论点时，引出最后一个内容，有表示盼望已久的事情终于实现了的含义。侧重最后的结果。
They talked about it for hours, finally they decided not to go. 他们为此讨论了几个小时，最后决定不去了。
(2) at last强调经过曲折后才达到目的。表示期待的感情更为强烈。侧重指先后顺序，并且在句中的位置较为灵活。
When they found him at last, he was almost dead. 当他们最终找到他时，他几乎死过去了。
(3) in the end在强调经过许多变化、困难之后才达到目的时，与at last的用法一样，且位置较为灵活。但在表示对将来的结局表示预测时，只能用in the end。
He tried many different jobs, and in the end he became a postman. 他做过许多工作，最后当了一名邮递员。
3. remind
(1) remind是及物动词，意思是“提醒、使某人想起”，经常和介词of连用，构成动词短语remind sb. of sb. / sth.＝remind sb. that＋从句，意思是“使某人想起某事或者某人”。
Does that song remind you of your mother 那首歌使你想起你的妈妈吗？
(2) 动词短语remind sb. to do sth. 的意思是“提醒某人做某事”。例如：
Please remind me to return the books to the library. 请提醒我把这些书还给图书馆。
4. sound stupid
sound在此是系动词，意为“听起来”，后面接形容词作表语。
The song sounds wonderful! 那首歌听起来太精彩了！
The music sounds beautiful. 这首音乐听起来很美。
※ 类似sound这种用法的词还有：feel(摸起来，感觉)；smell(闻起来)；look(看起来)；taste(品尝)等。
The food tastes delicious. 食物尝起来很美味。
I feel so happy today. Mum will buy me a new bike. 我今天很高兴，妈妈要为我买辆新自行车。
The old man looks very happy. 那个老人看起来很幸福。
These flowers smell very sweet. 这些花闻起来很香。
The tomatoes feel very soft. 这些西红柿摸起来很软。
※ smell; look等系动词不同于系动词be，它们在变疑问句或否定句时不能简单地提到主语之前或加not，而是要通过助动词do/does/ did等来帮助实现。
Does it smell nice 它闻起来很好吗？
The chicken doesn’t taste good. 鸡肉尝起来不好。
How do the children look 孩子们看起来怎么样？
5. get married
(1) get married意为“结婚”。若问某人是否结婚，而不涉及结婚的对象，可用be / get married的形式，相当于系表结构。
你结婚了吗？
【误】 Do you marry / Have you married
【正】 Are you married / Have you got married
(2) be / get married to sb. 意为“与某人结婚”。
Alice was married to a doctor last month. 上个月爱丽丝和一位医生结婚了。
※ marry既可用作及物动词，也可用作不及物动词，意为“结婚；嫁；娶；与……结婚等”。常见用法如下：
1) marry sb.意为“与……结婚”。例如：
John married Mary last week. 上星期约翰和玛丽结婚了。
2) marry sb. to sb.意为“把某人嫁给某人”。例如：
She married her daughter to a businessman. 她把女儿嫁给了一位商人。
3) marry 一般不与介词with 连用。
她和一位英国人结了婚。
【误】She married with an Englishman.
【正】She married an Englishman.
【正】She was / got married to an Englishman.
6. along
along作介词，意为“沿着”，课本中的along the way意为“沿路”。
There are trees all along the road. 沿着这条路从头到尾都有树。
※ along；across与through的辨析：
(1) along意为“沿着”，指沿着一条直线在水平方向上运动。
I saw him running along the road. 我看见他正沿着这条路跑。
(2) across意为“横过，穿过”，主要表示从某物的表面横过。
He walked across the road carefully. 他小心地走过马路。
(3) through意为“横过，穿过”，表示从某个空间或内部穿过。
He walked through the forest alone. 他独自一人走过森林。
7. maybe
maybe作副词，意为“也许；大概”。
Maybe he is a teacher. 也许他是个老师。
※ 辨析：maybe与may be
(1) maybe是副词，主要用于非正式场合，口语中常用。意为“也许，大概”。它通常放在句子的开头，在句子中作状语。
Maybe they won’t come here tonight. 他们大概今晚不会来这儿。
Maybe she is happy. 也许她是幸福的。
(2) may be是“情态动词may+动词原形be”构成的，在句中做谓语，意为“可能是、大概是”。
She may be at home. 她可能在家。（也可以说：Maybe she is at home.）
You may be right. 你可能是对的。（也可以说：Maybe you are right.）
8. be made of
be made of 意为“由……制成”，强调从制成品中仍可以看出原材料。
The desk is made of woods. 桌子是由木头制成的。
※ be made 后接不同的介词，具有不同的意义。
(1) be made from意为“用……制成”，强调从制成品中看不出原材料。
Books are made from woods. 书是由木头制成的。
(2) be made in 意为“由……制造（生产）”，强调生产地点，in后只接地点的名词。
The kind of watch is made in Shanghai. 这种手表是在上海制造的。
(3) be made up of 意为“由……组成”或“由……构成”， 强调由多种成分、团体、成员或单位等组成或构成。
Our class is made up of twenty-eight girls and sixteen boys. 我们班由二十八个女孩和十六个男孩组成。
(4) be made into意为“把……制成……”，注意表示原材料的词作句子的主语，表示制成品的词作介词into的宾语。
Glass can be made into all kinds of beautiful things. 玻璃可以制成各种各样漂亮的物品。
三、 必背经典句
1. So what do you think about the story of Yu Gong 你觉得愚公的故事怎么样？
2. It doesn’t seem very possible to move a mountain. 把一座山给移掉好像不太可能。
3. This is because he can make 72 changes to his shape and size, turning himself into different animals and objects. 这是因为他会根据他的形状和大小，做出72种变化，可以将自己变成不同的动物或东西。
4. Sometimes he can make the stick so small that he can keep it in his ear. 有时候，他能够让他的金箍棒变得很小，以至于可以放在耳朵里。
5. Because they were so big that it took a long time to walk to the other side. 这些（山）太高了，他们要花好长时间才能翻越过去。
6. Don’t eat it until you get to the forest. 你们到达森林之后才能吃。
四、 语法精讲
unless、as soon as、so...that引导的状语从句
1. 语法概述
在主从复合句中，用作状语的句子叫状语从句。unless、as soon as、so...that 分别引导条件状语从句、时间状语从句和结果状语从句。
2. unless、as soon as、so...that引导的状语从句的用法
（1） as soon as 引导的时间状语从句
as soon as表示“一……就……”，引导时间状语从句。当主句是一般将来时的时候，从句要用一般现在时，可简单记忆为“主将从现”。
He will hand in his report as soon as he arrives. 他一到达就会上交他的报告。
（2） unless 引导的条件状语从句
unless是连词，意为“除非；如果不”，unless引导条件状语从句时，可与if...not进行同义转换。
I won’t go to the party unless I'm invited.
=I won't go to the party if I'm not invited. 除非我被邀请，否则我不会去参加聚会。
※ if和unless引导条件状语从句时，也同样遵循“主将从现”的原则。主句是一般将来时或者含情态动词的句子，从句要用一般现在时。
You can ask me for help if you need help. 如果你需要帮助，你可以向我求助。
（3） so...that引导的结果状语从句
so...that...意思是“如此……以至于……”，其中的so是副词，常用来修饰形容词或副词，that后接从句。结构如下：
so +形容词/副词+ that 从句
so +形容词+ a/an +可数名词单数+ that 从句
so+many/few+可数名词复数+ that 从句
so+much/little +不可数名词+ that 从句
She is so young that she can’t look after herself. 她太小了以至于不能照顾她自己。
The boy ran so fast that I couldn’t catch him up. 这个男孩跑得太快了，以至于我追不上他。
We will go hiking if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.
=We will go hiking unless it rains tomorrow. 如果明天不下雨，我们会去远足。
※ 提示
1. 在 so...that中,当that引导的结果状语从句是肯定句且从句主语与主句主语相同时,so...that 可以与...enough to do 进行转换;当 that 引导的结果状语从句是否定句时，可与too..to...或not..enough to do 进行转换。
He is so strong that he can carry the box.
=He is strong enough to carry the box. 他如此强壮，能搬动这个箱子。
Jimmy is so young that he can’t go to school.
Jimmy is too young to go to school.
=Jimmy is not old enough to go to school. 吉米(年龄)太小了，不能去上学。
2. such...that也可以引导结果状语从句，其结构为:
such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+that 从句
such +形容词+可数名词单数+ that 从句
such +形容词+不可数名词+ that 从句
They are such good students that the teacher likes them. 他们是很好的学生，所以老师喜欢他们。
五、 重点句子讲解
1. Finally, a god was so moved by Yu Gong that he sent two gods to take the mountains away. 最后，天帝被愚公感动了，他派了两位神仙移走大山。
此处 so...that...引导结果状语从句，意为“如此.以至于..
此句型中，so是副词，常用来修饰形容词或副词。
She is so young that she can’t look after herself. 她如此年轻以至于不能照顾她自己。
He was so angry that he couldn’t say word. 他如此生气以至于说不出一句话来.
2. This story reminds us that you can never know what’s possible unless you try to make it happen. 这个故事提醒我们你永远不知道什么是可能的，除非你努力让它发生。
（1） remind 动词，意为“提醒;使想起”
其常用结构有:
remind sb.that... 提醒某人
remind sb.to do sth. 提醒某人做某事
remind sb.of sth./sb. 使某人想起某事某人
He reminds me that it is necessary to take some money with me. 他提醒我有必要随身带些钱。
My parents often remind me to study hard. 我父母经常提醒我努力学习。
The photo reminds me of my English teacher. 这张照片使我想起了我的英语老师。
（2） unless 连词，意为“如果不;除非”。unless 引导条件状语从句，含有否定意义，相当于 if...not...
I can’t leave her unless I'm sure that she’s all right. 除非我确定她没事，否则我不能离开她。
I shall go there tomorrow unless I’m too busy.
= If I’m not too busy, shall go there tomorrow. 如果我明天不太忙，我将去那儿。
※ unless 引导的从句通常放在主句之后，也可以放在主句之前。当主句用一般将来时或是祈使句时，从句用一般现在时。
3. It doesn’t seem very possible to move a mountain. 移动一座山似乎不太可能。
seem 此处作连系动词，意为“似乎;好像”，后跟形容词作表语。可以和seem to be 相互转换，但 seem 不用于进行时态。
He seems very angry.= He seems to be very angry. 他好像非常生气。
※ seem 的其他用法:
①“主语+seem(+to be)+表语”，表语多为名词或形容词，以说明主语的特征或状态。
Mr. Black seemed to be quite happy. 布莱克先生好像十分快乐。
②“主语+seem+动词不定式”，此句型中，seem 与动词不定式一起构成谓语。
Mrs.Green doesn’t seem to like the idea. 格林夫人似乎不太喜欢这个主意。
③“It seems/seemed +that 从句”，其中it 是形式主语，that 引导主语从句。
It seems that no one knows what has happened in the park. 似乎没有人知道在公园里发生了什么事。
4. But the story is trying to show us that anything is possible if you work hard! 但是这个故事试图告诉我们，如果你努力，一切皆有可能!
possible 形容词，意为“可能的”，其反义词为 impossible，意为“不可能的”
I’ll do everything possible to help you. 我将尽一切可能来帮助你。
It’s possible that he will not accept the invitation, 他不接受邀请是有可能的。
※ possible 常用于以下结构中:
（1） It is possible (for.. )to do sth.
It is possible for the train to be late. 火车有可能晚点。
（2） It is possible +that 从句.
It is possible that the train is late. 火车有可能晚点。
5. But what could Yu Gong do instead of moving the mountains 但是不把山移开，愚公还能做什么呢
instead of 为介词短语，意为“代替，而不是..”后面常跟名词、代词或动名词。
She went to school instead of staying home. 她没有待在家里而是去上学了。
You probably picked up my keys instead of yours. 你可能拿了我的钥匙而不是你的。
※ 辨析: instead of与 instead
instead of“代替，而不是”，介词短语，后面跟名词、代词或动名词
instead“代替;反而;却”，作副词，修饰整个句子，位于句首或句末
Let’s play chess instead of watching TV. 咱们下国际象棋吧，不看电视了。
If Tom can’t attend the meeting, I could go instead. 如果汤姆不能出席会议，我可以代替他去。
6. This is because he can make 72 changes to his shape and size, turning himself into different animals and objects. 这是因为他有 72 种外形和大小的变化，会把自己变成不同的动物和物体。
（1） This is because.. 意为“这是因为...”后面跟的是原因或理由。
He failed in the exam. This is because he did not study hard. 他考试不及格。这是因为他没有努力学习。
※ This is why... 意为“这就是为什么.”，后面跟的是结果。
Tom overslept this morning. This is why he was late for school. 汤姆今天早上睡过头了。这就是他上学迟到的原因。
（2） turn...into...为固定短语，意为“把….变成...”
The witch had turned them all into stone. 女巫把他们都变成了石头。
7. And as soon as the TV program came out more than 30 years ago, Western children became interested in reading this story... 30多年前，这个电视节目一经推出，西方的孩子就对这个故事很感兴趣。
（1） come out 意为“出版;发行”，不及物动词词组，没有被动语态
That magazine comes out every Monday. 那份杂志每周一出版。
His new book will come out next month. 他的新书将在下个月出版.
※ come out 还有其他常见的含义:
①出来;出现
The stars came out as soon as it was dark. 天一黑星星就出来了。
②开花;发芽
Some flowers have begun to come out. 有些花儿现在已经开始开花了。
③泄露，被人所知;公之于世;(真相)大白
The truth has come out at last. 真相终于大白。
（2） more than 意为“多于:超出”，相当于over;其反义短语为 less than“少于，不到”
I have known David for more than 20 years. 我已经认识戴维20多年了。
（3） western 此处用作形容词，意为“西方的;西方国家的;(尤指)欧美的”。可以小写。表示方位的名词，后面加-ern 可构成形容词。
west(西方)→western，south(南方)→southern
east(东方)→eastern，north(北方)northern
8. The new couple were so happy that they couldn’t stop smiling when they got married. 这对新婚夫妇如此幸福，以至于当他们结婚的时候，他们总是不停地笑。
（1） can’t stop doing sth.意为“忍不住/情不自禁做某事”
The children couldn’t stop opening the presents. 孩子们忍不住打开了礼物。
（2） get married 意为“结婚”。get married to sb.意为“与某人结婚”
Have you got married 你结婚了吗
He wants to get married to a teacher. 他想和一位老师结婚。
※ ①get married 强调结婚的行为，不能和表示一段时间的状语连用,
They got married in Beijing. 他们在北京结的婚,
②be married(to sb.)(不能用 with sb.)表示已婚的状态，可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。
She has been married to him for five years. 她嫁给他已经有5年了。
六、 作文积累
本单元的写作话题是“描述英雄/传统故事”
典型例题：
1. 每个人都有自己心目中的英雄，请以 My Super Hero 为主题写一篇文章。
内容要求:
（1） 关于这个人物的介绍;
（2） 你从他(她)身上学习到了什么？
范文：
My Super Hero
My favorite hero is Monkey King who is the main character from the traditional and well-known Chinese story Journey to the West.
The Monkey King is wonderful because he helps weak people. To fight bad people, he uses a magic stick. Besides, he is a very clever monkey who has 72 changes, which can turn himself into different animals and objects to his shape and size. I like the Monkey King because he keeps fighting to help the weak.
The Monkey King has excited the children of China for many years and I am delighted that my super hero is liked by more people from home and abroad nowadays.
2. 同学们对《愚公移山》的故事一定有着很深刻的印象, 请以 “The Story of Yu Gong” 为题, 写一篇英语作文。
要求:
（1） 用英文简要叙述《愚公移山》的故事;
（2） 谈谈你对愚公移山的看法;
（3） 并谈谈你从故事中学到了什么。
范文：
The Story of Yu Gong
Among plenty of traditional folk stories in China, Yu Gong Moves a Mountain is the most attractive to me.
Once upon a time, there was an old man called Yu Gong. There were two mountains near his house which were so high that it took a long time to walk to the other side. Therefore, he decided to move the mountains. Although a man told him that he could never do it, Yu Gong and his family kept on digging. Finally, a god was so moved by Yu that he sent two gods to take the mountains away.
I learn a lot from the story. It is very educational and reminds us that you will never know what is possible unless you try to make it happen.